JP2005220962A - Accessory for screw and fastening body structure using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a screw and fastening body structure using the same, for surely fixing a member to be fastened with good workability and facilitating separation (disassembly) of the member to be fastened. <P>SOLUTION: In a recycle process for an electric appliance, a plastic chassis 21 is entered into a furnace or oil heated to be gone to 110°C for a few seconds, a spacer 10 is heated and restored to a memorized shape, and a pair of arm parts is opened against a fastening force of the screw 17. At this time, an urging force in a fasting direction is generated with respect to the screw 17, by difference in a level between the pair of arms, so that the spacer 10 is jumped out of the screw 17 along the inclined face of a dish-shaped bearing surface of the screw 17, and a panel case 25 is automatically removed from a panel cover 22 by a spring force of a compression coil spring 27, so that the plastic chassis 21 is easily disassembled. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention generally relates to a screw accessory and a fastener structure using the same, and is applied to recycled products such as an air conditioner, a washing machine, a refrigerator, a television, a battery pack, a simple charger, and the like. The present invention relates to a screw accessory that is effective at the time of dismantling a product, and a fastener structure using the same.

  Electric appliances such as air conditioners, washing machines, and refrigerators have been actively recycled because of resource reuse and consideration for environmental issues. However, in reality, it takes time to remove screws and the like, and a recycling method excellent in dismantling workability has not been sufficiently established. Therefore, various techniques for coping with such a problem have been conventionally considered. For example, Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 2-336616 (Patent Document 1, “p.4-6, FIG. 5”), Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. Hei. 7-4407 (Patent Document 2 “p.5, FIG. 12”) and JP-A-62-110013 (Patent Document 3 “p.2, FIG. 1”).

  FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing a washer having both functions of screw loosening and loosening disclosed in Patent Document 1. Referring to FIG. 11, Patent Document 1 discloses a means that can prevent loosening of a bolt 60 as a fastening member by a simple method and can loosen the bolt 60 as necessary. Has been. A washer 62 sandwiched between the head 61 of the bolt 60 and the fastening object 68 includes a first annular member 63 made of a shape memory alloy, a second annular member 64 also made of a shape memory alloy, An electrical insulator 65 interposed between the first annular member 63 and the second annular member 64, and an annular electrical insulator 66 provided so as to be in contact with the upper surface and the lower surface of the second annular member 64, respectively. And 67. These members are arranged so as to be concentrically arranged.

  Each of the first and second annular members 63 and 64 is subjected to a predetermined shape memory process. Thus, by heating the first and second annular members 63 and 64 to a temperature equal to or higher than the reverse transformation start temperature of the shape memory alloy forming these members, the first annular member 63 is moved in the vertical direction on the drawing. The second annular member 64 contracts and deforms in the vertical direction.

  That is, when the first annular member 63 is heated to the above-described reverse transformation start temperature or higher, the seat surface 61a of the bolt 60 receives a pressing force due to the expansion deformation of the first annular member 63. Thereby, the bolt 60 is fastened and fixed to the fastening object 68 in a state where the contact surface pressure of the thread of the bolt 60 is increased, and the bolt 60 is prevented from loosening. Further, when the second annular member 64 is heated to the above-described reverse transformation start temperature or more, the pressing force on the seat surface 61a of the bolt 60 disappears due to the contraction deformation of the second annular member 64. Thereby, the contact surface pressure of the thread of the bolt 60 is reduced, and the bolt 60 is in a slack state.

  12 is a diagram for explaining the contents disclosed in Patent Document 2, FIG. 12 (A) is a side view showing a screw having a memory shape, and FIG. 12 (B) is a diagram of FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the use condition of the screw in A). Referring to FIGS. 12A and 12B, Patent Document 2 discloses a screw 70 as a coupling holding part that can easily dismantle a discarded electrical appliance. The screw 70 is made of a shape memory material. The screw 70 has a shaft portion 71 at one end, and a head portion 72 connected to the shaft portion 71 at the other end. The tip end side of the shaft portion 71 is divided into two parts by a slit 71a. The outer peripheral surface on the distal end side is finished to be a tapered surface on which the screw portion 71b is formed.

  As shown in FIG. 12A, the screw 70 has a memory shape in a state where the tip end side of the shaft portion 71 is closed. As shown in FIG. 12B, the screw 70 is inserted from the through hole 73 a of the first fastened member 73 and screwed into the female screw portion 74 a of the second fastened member 74. At this time, the screw 70 is formed into a shape in which the distal end side of the shaft portion 71 is opened in a V shape. A spring 75 is provided between the seat surface 72 a of the screw 70 and the first fastened member 73. The spring 75 functions so that the screw 70 is pulled out by the spring force of the spring 75 when the screw 70 is restored to the memory shape shown in FIG.

  FIG. 13 is a perspective view showing a spring washer disclosed in Patent Document 3. As shown in FIG. Referring to FIG. 13, Patent Document 3 discloses a spring in which the fastening force of the bolt does not decrease even when there is a difference in the coefficient of thermal expansion among the bolt, nut, fastening object, and washer. A washer 80 is disclosed. The spring washer 80 is formed of a shape memory alloy having a shape recovery end temperature (transformation temperature) of 5 ° C. to 10 ° C. As shown in FIG. 13, the spring washer 80 has a pair of arm portions 82 and 83 separated by a notch portion 81, and shape memory processing is performed so that these are alternate.

  When using the spring washer 80, a spring washer that is formed into a flat shape (a shape in which the pair of arm portions 82 and 83 are in the same plane) at a temperature sufficiently lower than the transformation temperature is used. The spring washer 80 is positioned in a close contact state between the bolt and the fastening object or between the nut and the fastening object so as not to exceed the transformation temperature. When the fastening operation is completed and the fastening portion reaches the transformation temperature or higher, the spring washer 80 is restored to the shape shown in FIG. As a result, a tensile force acts in the axial direction of the bolt, the contact surface pressure of the thread surface increases, and the fastening force of the bolt is maintained.

  In Patent Document 3, the amount of deformation of the spring washer 80 whose shape is recovered is formed to exceed the elongation of the bolt due to thermal expansion. For this reason, it is possible to prevent the bolt from loosening due to the difference in thermal expansion coefficient between the bolt and the spring washer 80.

  Separately, Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 4-113320 (Patent Document 4) discloses a washer which is formed of a shape memory alloy and is easily attached and detached between a bolt and a nut. The washer disclosed in Patent Document 4 has an annular shape in which a cut is partially formed at room temperature, and has a shape that opens in a leg shape around the cut at a certain transformation temperature or higher.

Furthermore, Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2001-59512 (Patent Document 5) discloses a spring washer that is intended to reliably prevent loosening of a male screw with respect to a female screw. The spring washer disclosed in Patent Document 5 has a substantially C-shaped shape, and is provided at both ends with overlapping portions formed with inclined surfaces that are inclined in the direction perpendicular to the screw shaft. When the screw is tightened using this spring washer, the overlapping portions are in a state of being bitten. This can prevent the screw from rotating in the loosening direction.
Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 2-336616 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-4407 JP-A-62-110013 Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 4-113320 JP 2001-59512 A

  However, the conventional technology described above has the following problems to be solved.

  In Patent Document 1, since the number of parts constituting the washer 62 is large, there is a problem that the structure is complicated. Further, it is difficult to reduce the size of the washer 62, and there is a problem that the washer 62 cannot be applied when the bolt 60 is a relatively small screw. In the assembly process of the electrical appliance, an automatic machine such as a robot is used, and the screw is tightened with a predetermined tightening torque by the automatic machine. For this reason, as disclosed in Patent Document 1, in the assembly method in which the step of heating the first annular member 63 after tightening the bolt 60 is performed, it is not easy to manage the tightening torque, and the assembly work The nature is also reduced. For this reason, a yield will arise and productivity may fall.

  Further, the washer 62 can be applied only to the bolt 60 or the screw whose seat surface 61 a is orthogonal to the axial direction of the bolt 60. For this reason, there is a problem that the washer 62 cannot be applied to a countersunk screw that is widely used for assembling electrical appliances or the like and has a countersunk bearing surface.

  In Patent Document 2, since the tip end side of the shaft portion 71 of the screw 70 is divided into two parts, the rigidity of the screw 70 is low. For this reason, a predetermined tightening force cannot be obtained, and there is a problem that the screw 70 is loosened due to vibration or the like. In addition, since it is necessary to perform screw machining, there is a problem that the tool life of the rolling die is shortened and the machining cost is increased. In order to increase the tool life of the rolling die, when the screw thread of the screw 70 is formed shallowly, the thread allowance is reduced. As a result, the fastening holding force becomes insufficient, and there is a concern that the screw 70 is easily loosened.

  Patent Document 3 provides a washer for increasing the fastening force of a bolt, and can be used when a plastic chassis such as an electric appliance is reliably assembled. However, when the bolt is tightened strongly, it is not easy to remove the bolt, and there arises a problem that the dismantling workability is lowered.

  In Patent Document 4, since the seat surface is orthogonal to the axial direction of the bolt, when the bolt is tightened strongly, the contact surface pressure against the seat surface is increased. For this reason, even if the washer is heated, there is a possibility that it will not open in the shape of an open leg centering on the cut. Further, even if the washer is easily removed, there is a problem that the operator must remove the bolt, and the electric appliance or the like cannot be easily disassembled. Similarly, Patent Document 5 has a problem that it is difficult to remove the screw and the electric appliance cannot be easily disassembled.

  SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Therefore, an object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problem, and it is possible to securely fix a fastened member with good workability and to easily separate (disassemble) the fastened member. It is to provide an accessory and a fastening body structure using the accessory.

  The screw accessory according to the present invention has a pair of arms partly or entirely formed of a shape memory material, and is sandwiched between the head of the fastening member and the fastened member around the fastening member. This is an accessory for a screw that presses the member to be fastened by the fastening force of the fastening member. The screw accessory is formed with a pair of arms having a step in the pressing direction, and the pair of arms is heated or receives an external force, whereby the shape memory material stores the original The shape is restored, and the pair of arms open in the radial direction of the fastening member.

  According to the screw accessory configured in this manner, the member to be fastened is fixed by the tightening force of the fastening member via the screw accessory. On the other hand, when the pair of arms are heated or the external force is applied when the member to be fastened is removed, the shape memory material restores the original shape stored and resists the fastening force of the fastening member. The arm portion opens in the radial direction of the fastening member. At this time, a biasing force against the fastening member is generated by the step between the pair of arm portions, and the screw accessory comes out of the fastening member.

  The screw means a screw component such as a fastening screw or bolt that has a thread and forms an individual. An accessory for a screw shall be a machine part that does not have a thread but is used with a screw part. The shape memory material refers to a metal material or a synthetic resin material that has a property of being restored to its original shape when heated. For example, a Ti-Ni alloy, a Cu-Zn-Al alloy, Ti-Ni-Fe, and the like. An alloy, a polyurethane polymer, etc. shall be said.

  Further, the present invention uses a shape memory alloy as a shape memory material forming part or all of a pair of arms in the above-described screw accessory, and when heated above the reverse transformation temperature of the shape memory alloy. The pair of arms is opened in the radial direction of the fastening member by restoring the original shape stored.

  According to the screw accessory configured as described above, since the shape restoring force of the pair of arm portions is large, the fastening member can be strongly tightened. For example, in the case where the shape memory alloy is a Ti—Ni alloy, the pair of arms are heated to cause a phase transformation from the martensite phase to the austenite phase. Thereby, a pair of arm parts restore | restore to the original shape memorize | stored in the austenite phase, and open in the radial direction of a fastening member.

  Further, the present invention uses a polymer material as a shape memory material that forms part or all of the pair of arms in the aforementioned screw accessory, and when the polymer material is heated to a glass transition temperature or higher. The pair of arms is opened in the radial direction of the fastening member by restoring the original shape stored.

  According to the screw accessory configured in this manner, the screw accessory can be manufactured using the same kind of material as the member to be fastened. This facilitates dismantling and improves recyclability. As the polymer material, a polyurethane polymer or the like is used.

  Further, according to the present invention, in the above-described screw accessory, a spring material is used as a shape memory material forming part or all of the pair of arms, and the original shape is restored by the elastic restoring force of the spring material. The arm portion is configured to open in the radial direction of the fastening member.

  The fastening body structure according to the present invention is a fastening body structure using the screw accessory described above. The fastening body structure includes a main body having an opening, an insertion hole, a fastened member addressed to the opening, and a fastening member that is inserted into the insertion hole and screwed into the main body. And a screw accessory is sandwiched between the head of the fastening member and the fastened member, and the fastened member is fastened and fixed by the fastening force of the fastening member.

  According to the fastening body structure configured in this way, with the main body and the member to be fastened facing each other, the screw accessory is sandwiched between the head of the fastening member and the member to be fastened, and the fastening member is covered. It is made to pass through the insertion hole of the fastening member. Further, when the fastening member is screwed into the female thread portion of the main body, the screw accessory presses the fastened member toward the main body side by the fastening force of the fastening member, and the fastened member is fixed. On the other hand, when the screw accessory is heated, the pair of arms reshapes against the fastening force of the fastening member and opens in the radial direction of the fastening member, and the screw accessory is released from the head of the fastening member. It comes out and the fastened member comes off from the main body.

  Further, according to the present invention, in the above-described fastening body structure, a longitudinal groove formed in the axial direction of the fastening member and a lateral groove intersecting the longitudinal groove are formed in communication with the main body, and the lateral groove is replaced with a female screw portion. The nut that is screwed to the fastening member is slidably inserted into the nut.

  According to the fastening body structure configured in this way, after the member to be fastened is removed from the main body, the fastening member and the nut can be easily removed from the main body by shifting the fastening member and the nut while being screwed together. Can be removed.

  Further, the present invention is characterized in that in the above-described fastening body structure, a washer is provided between the fastened member and the screw accessory. According to the fastening body structure configured as described above, the seating of the fastening member is stabilized, the loosening of the fastening member is prevented, and the fastening force of the fastening member is increased.

  In the fastening body structure according to any one of the above, the present invention is characterized in that a compression spring for biasing the fastened member and the main body is provided between the fastened member and the main body. According to the fastening body structure configured as described above, when the screw accessory comes out of the fastening member, the main body and the fastening member are automatically separated by the elastic force of the compression spring.

  Further, according to the present invention, in any of the above-described fastening body structures, a locking step portion that is thicker than the screw diameter of the male screw portion is provided at the neck portion of the fastening member, and the locking step portion contacts the end portion of the main body. It is characterized by touching. According to the fastening body structure configured as described above, since the fastening member is provided with the locking step portion, the locking step portion comes into contact with the end portion of the main body when the fastening member is fastened. Thereby, the head of the fastening member is prevented from being depressed inside the screw accessory, and the screw accessory is prevented from opening. For this reason, a to-be-fastened member can be reliably fastened and fixed, without worrying about the opening of the accessory for screws.

  Further, according to the present invention, in the above-described fastening body structure, the axial length of the locking step portion is extended from the outer surface in the pressing direction of one arm portion to the outer surface in the pressing direction of the other arm portion in the screw accessory. It is shorter than this distance, It is the same as the diameter of the press direction of the member which comprises the accessory for screws, or it was made longer than the diameter. According to the fastening body structure configured in this way, the spring property of the screw accessory can surely contribute to the prevention of loosening of the fastening member.

  As described above, according to the present invention, when assembling an electrical appliance or the like, it is possible to fix the fastening member without reducing the fastening force of the fastening member, and when disassembling the electrical appliance or the like. Therefore, it is possible to provide a screw accessory that can be easily disassembled and a fastening body structure using the same, by eliminating the trouble of removing the fastening member.

  Specific examples of embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

(Embodiment 1)
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a part of a liquid crystal television having a fastening body structure in which a spacer for easy disassembly made of a shape memory alloy is used in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a range surrounded by a two-dot chain line II in FIG. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a disassembled state of the fastening body structure shown in FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the screw shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 4 (A) is a side view of a countersunk screw, and FIG. 4 (B) is a side view of a stepped screw.

  FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of the molding state of the spacer shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 5 (A) is a plan view, FIG. 5 (B) is a side view, and FIG. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line CC in FIG. 6 shows a restored state of the spacer shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 6 (A) is a plan view, FIG. 6 (B) is a side view, and FIG. 6 (C) is FIG. It is sectional drawing along the CC line in (A).

  1 to 6, a liquid crystal television 20 includes a plastic chassis 21 as a housing, a liquid crystal panel body 23, lamps (not shown), sheets and the like (not shown). The plastic chassis 21 includes a panel case 25 (main body) having an opening and a panel cover 22 (fastened member) that covers the opening. The liquid crystal panel body 23 includes a pair of front and rear glass plates, liquid crystal, a deflecting plate, a reflecting plate, an electronic circuit unit, and the like. The liquid crystal panel main body 23 is housed inside the plastic chassis 21 and is fixed in such a manner as to be sandwiched between the panel case 25 and the panel cover 22.

  The liquid crystal television 20 includes a fastening body structure, and a spacer 10 (screw accessory) made of a shape memory alloy is used for the fastening body structure. Here, the shape memory alloy refers to, for example, a Ti—Ni alloy, a Cu—Zn—Al alloy, and the like, and has a property (shape memory characteristics) that restores a memorized shape when the solid is heated, An alloy having properties such as superelasticity, vibration absorption and high corrosion resistance shall be used. Note that the superelastic alloy having springiness is included in the shape memory alloy.

  The shape memory treatment for storing the shape in the shape memory alloy varies depending on the alloy composition, application, and the like. In any atmosphere in the atmosphere, vacuum, or inert gas, for example, 400 ° C. to 800 ° C. It is carried out by holding at a treatment temperature of 0 ° C. for 5 to 60 minutes. The spacer 10 in the present embodiment is subjected to a storage process by being held in the atmosphere at a processing temperature of 750 ° C. for 10 minutes.

  The reverse transformation start temperature at which the shaped shape memory alloy is restored to the memory shape by phase transformation is greatly different depending on the alloy element and the alloy composition. As an example, the reverse transformation start temperature of the Ti-50Ni alloy is 78 ° C. It is. In the present embodiment, the reverse transformation start temperature of the spacer 10 used in the liquid crystal television 20 is about 100 ° C.

  The spacer 10 can assemble an electric appliance without reducing the tightening force of a screw 17 used for assembling an electric appliance such as a liquid crystal television, while the electric appliance can be easily disassembled. An easy dismantling means is provided.

  In the spacer 10, a wire made of a shape memory material is curved spirally by molding, and a pair of arm portions 12 and 13 are formed with a step with respect to the fastening direction of the screw 17. The spacer 10 is sandwiched between the head 17 b of the screw 17 and the panel cover 22 around the screw 17. The panel cover 22 is fastened and fixed by the interaction between the spacer 10 and the screw 17. On the other hand, the spacer 10 is heated to be restored to the original shape memorized by the shape memory alloy and the locked state is released. It is characterized in that it opens in the radial direction and comes out of the head 17 b of the screw 17.

  In addition, the present invention is not limited to forming the pair of arm portions 12 and 13 from a shape memory alloy, and can be formed from, for example, a polyurethane-based polymer. Also, metal materials such as spring steel wire (SUP6), hard steel wire (SWB, SWC) and piano wire (SWPA, SWPB), polycarbonate, GFRP (glass fiber reinforced plastic) and CFRP (carbon fiber reinforced plastic), etc. The pair of arm portions 12 and 13 may be formed of a spring material made of a synthetic resin material or a composite material.

  When the pair of arm portions 12 and 13 is formed of a shape memory alloy such as a Ti—Ni alloy, the pair of arm portions 12 and 13 are heated to transform from the martensite phase to the austenite phase, Restores the original shape memorized in the austenite phase. When the pair of arm portions 12 and 13 are formed of a polymer material, the original shape stored in the original shape is restored when heated to a temperature higher than the glass transition temperature. When the pair of arm portions 12 and 13 are formed of a spring material, the pair of arm portions 12 and 13 are restored to the original shape by the elastic restoring force of the pair of arm portions 12 and 13 that are connected in an annular shape. When the pair of arm portions 12 and 13 are formed of a superelastic alloy such as a Ti—Ni alloy, the phase transformation from the martensite phase to the austenite phase is caused by the pair of arm portions 12 and 13 receiving an external force. Then, the original shape stored in the austenite phase is restored.

  In the fastening body structure using the spacer 10 in the present embodiment, when the spacer 10 is heated, the pair of arms 12 and 13 open in the radial direction of the screw 17, and the spacer 10 is the head of the screw 17. It is the fastening body structure which comes out from 17b. The fastening body structure includes a panel case 25 having an opening, an insertion hole 22a, a panel cover 22 addressed to the opening, and a screw 17 that is inserted through the insertion hole 22a and screwed into the panel case 25. Prepare. In the fastening body structure, the screw 17 is screwed into the female screw portion 25 c of the panel case 25, and the spacer 10 is sandwiched between the head portion 17 b of the screw 17 and the panel cover 22. 22 is fastened and fixed.

  Then, the structure and effect | action of the spacer 10 in this Embodiment and a fastening body structure using the same are demonstrated in detail. As shown in FIG. 1, the panel case 25 and the panel cover 22 that constitute the plastic chassis 21 of the liquid crystal television 20 are arranged to face each other in the front-rear direction. The panel case 25 and the panel cover 22 are both made of a synthetic resin material and formed by injection molding. The present invention is not limited to molding the panel case 25 and the panel cover 22 with a synthetic resin material, and either the panel case 25 or the panel cover 22 may be formed of metal, or Both the panel case 25 and the panel cover 22 may be formed of metal.

  The panel case 25 is formed in a box shape having an opening. An accommodation space 24 for accommodating the liquid crystal panel main body 23 is formed inside. The panel case 25 is integrally formed with a plurality of attachment portions 25a (only one attachment portion is shown in FIG. 1) protruding toward the panel cover 22 side. A small-diameter portion 25b formed with a smaller diameter than the attachment portion 25a is provided on the distal end side of the attachment portion 25a, and the insertion hole 22a of the panel cover 22 is fitted into the small-diameter portion 25b. The protruding length of the mounting portion 25 a is formed to a dimension corresponding to the width dimension of the liquid crystal panel main body 23. A female screw portion 25c that is screwed into the male screw portion 17a of the screw 17 is formed on the distal end side of the attachment portion 25a.

  A compression coil spring (compression spring) 27 is extrapolated around the attachment portion 25a. The compression coil spring 27 is formed to have a spring length longer than the entire length of the attachment portion 25a. For this reason, the front end side of the compression coil spring 27 is in a state of protruding from the front end of the attachment portion 25a. The protruding portion of the compression coil spring 27 is compressed when the panel cover 22 is attached to the panel case 25, and both the panel case 25 and the panel cover 22 are biased by the spring force.

  The present invention is not limited to the provision of the compression coil spring 27. However, when the compression coil spring 27 is provided, there is an effect that the panel case 25 and the panel cover 22 are automatically separated by the elastic force of the compression coil spring 27 at the same time that the spacer 10 is removed from the screw 17.

  As long as the attachment portion 25a is integrally formed with the panel case 25, the attachment portion 25a does not have to protrude long as in the present embodiment, and is formed on the thick wall portion of the panel case 25. There may be.

  The panel cover 22 has a plate shape and is addressed to the opening of the panel case 25. The panel cover 22 is formed with a plurality of insertion holes 22a that are opposed to the mounting portions 25a of the panel case 25 and through which the screws 17 are inserted (FIG. 1 shows one insertion hole 22a). . The insertion hole 22a is formed to fit into the small diameter portion 25b of the mounting portion 25a, the small diameter portion 25b is fitted to the inner (back side) hole edge, and the outer (front side) hole edge is annular. A dedicated washer 15 (washer) is attached.

  Here, for convenience of explanation in this specification, the concept of the front-rear direction is defined as follows for convenience. The front-rear direction is defined as a direction that coincides with the left-right direction on the drawing, and the front side is the side where the panel case 25 is located, and the rear side is the side where the panel cover 22 is located.

  As shown in FIG. 4A, the screw 17 is a normal flat head screw having a male screw portion 17a on one side and a head portion 17b on the other side. The size of the screw 17 is arbitrary and can be selected from a large one to a small one. However, in the present embodiment, an M4 screw 17 is used. One feature of the present invention is that a countersunk screw is used. When the spacer 10 is heated, the pair of arms 12 and 13 expands in diameter along the inclined surface of the dish-shaped seating surface 17c, and naturally resists the surface pressure of the screw 17 from the head 17b of the screw 17. To come out. For this reason, it is not necessary to remove all the screws 17 with a screwdriver, and the dismantling workability of the electrical appliance can be remarkably improved.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the spacer 10 is molded so that a wire made of a shape memory material is curved in a spiral shape. For this reason, the pair of arm portions 12 and 13 are formed with a step with respect to the fastening direction of the screw 17. The spacer 10 has a pressing direction of the arm portion 13 (fastening direction of the screw 17) from an outer surface of the pressing direction of the arm portion 12 (fastening direction of the screw 17) rather than a diameter L1 in the pressing direction of the wire (fastening direction of the screw 17). ) To the outer surface (hereinafter referred to as “the height of the spacer 10”) L2 is formed to be long.

  In addition, since the pair of arm portions 12 and 13 of the spacer 10 are formed in a substantially circular cross section, the cross-sectional performance (section modulus) is reduced as compared with the case where the pair is formed in a rectangular cross section. Thereby, the spring constant of the spacer 10 becomes small, and the pair of arm portions 12 and 13 can be greatly deformed with a small force. For this reason, the moldability at the time of forming the spacer 10 in an annular shape is improved, and the manufacture of the spacer 10 is facilitated. Moreover, since the plate-shaped seating surface 17c of the screw 17 and the spacer 10 are in line contact, the frictional force at the contact portion is reduced. For this reason, the spacer 10 is easily detached from the screw 17 and the dismantling workability of the liquid crystal television 20 is improved. Furthermore, since a pair of arm parts 12 and 13 become a free end without being connected, the force which resists a restoring force at the time of a disassembly does not act on arm parts 12 and 13. For this reason, a pair of arm parts 12 and 13 of the spacer 10 open easily, and there exists an effect which disassembly workability | operativity improves.

  As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the relationship between the screw 17 and the spacer 10 is that the inner diameter R3 of the spacer 10 formed after shape memory is larger than the outer diameter R1 of the male screw portion 17a and the head 17b. It is smaller than the outer diameter R2 (R1 <R3 <R2). Further, the inner diameter R4 of the spacer 10 restored to its original state (memory shape) is larger than the outer diameter R1 of the male screw portion 17a and the outer diameter R2 of the head portion 17b (R1 <R2 <R4).

  As shown in FIG. 2, a dedicated washer 15 is sandwiched between the spacer 10 and the panel case 25. The dedicated washer 15 is provided with a collar 15a. The collar 15a is locked to the edge of the insertion hole 22a, so that the position of the dedicated washer 15 is prevented from being displaced. The dedicated washer 15 is for stabilizing the seating of the screw 17 and obtaining a stable tightening force. Thereby, the slack of the screw 17 is prevented, and the fixing force between the panel case 25 and the panel cover 22 is improved.

  Next, assembly and disassembly of the plastic chassis 21 (the liquid crystal television 20) will be described in order. The compression coil spring 27 is extrapolated to the mounting portion 25 a of the panel case 25 so that the panel case 25 and the panel cover 22 face each other, and the liquid crystal panel main body 23 is stored in the accommodating space 24 of the panel case 25. While compressing the compression coil spring 27, the panel cover 22 is directed to the opening of the panel case 25, and the small diameter portion 25b of the mounting portion 25a is fitted into the insertion hole 22a of the panel case 25. The dedicated washer 15 is fitted into the insertion hole 22 a of the panel case 25, and the spacer 10 is placed on the dedicated washer 15. The screw 17 is inserted into the dedicated washer 15 and the spacer 10, the male screw portion 17 a of the screw 17 is screwed into the female screw portion 25 c formed on the mounting portion 25 a of the panel case 25, and the screw 17 is tightened with a predetermined torque. The screw 17 is tightened with a predetermined torque managed in an actual assembly process. The torque at this time is set so that the height Lx of the assembled spacer 10 satisfies L1 ≦ Lx <L2 (see FIG. 5B).

  The tightening force of the screw 17 presses the panel cover 22 via the spacer 10 and the dedicated washer 15 so that the plastic chassis 21 is assembled.

  When the plastic chassis 21 is disassembled, the plastic chassis 21 is placed in a furnace or oil heated to about 110 ° C. for several seconds in the recycling process of the electrical appliance. As a result, the spacer 10 is heated and restored to the memorized shape, and the pair of arms 12 and 13 are opened against the tightening force of the screw 17. At this time, a biasing force in the fastening direction is generated with respect to the screw 17 by the step between the pair of arm portions 12 and 13, and the spacer 10 protrudes from the screw 17 along the inclined surface of the countersunk seat surface 17 c of the screw 17. Further, the panel case 25 is automatically detached from the panel cover 22 by the spring force of the compression coil spring 27, and the plastic chassis 21 is disassembled very easily (see FIG. 3).

  The heating temperature is a temperature when the plastic chassis 21 of the liquid crystal television 20 is disassembled, and may be lower or higher than 110 ° C. depending on the electric appliance. Usually, it is heated to a temperature that is about 20 to 30 ° C. higher than the use temperature (guaranteed temperature) of the electric appliance. When the heating temperature is lower than 100 ° C., it can be heated in warm water instead of in the furnace or oil. It is also possible to disassemble the spacer 10 by induction heating with an external heat source.

  Thus, according to the first embodiment, the plastic chassis 21 can be assembled with good workability, and the plastic chassis 21 can be fastened and fixed with the tightening torque managed in the actual assembly process. Moreover, the plastic chassis 21 can be easily disassembled by simply immersing it in warm water for several seconds. Furthermore, the work of extracting the spacer 10 from the screw 17 can be reduced.

(Embodiment 2)
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a part of a liquid crystal television provided with a fastening body structure using an easily disassembled spacer made of a shape memory alloy in Embodiment 2 of the present invention. FIG. 7 shows a range similar to the range shown in FIG. 2 in the first embodiment. FIG. 8 shows details of the mounting part of the panel case shown in FIG. 7, FIG. 8 (A) is a plan view, and FIG. 8 (B) is a front view. FIG. 9 shows a state before and after dismantling of the fastening body structure shown in FIG. FIG. 9A is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the heated spacer is reconstructed and opened, and FIG. 9B is a diagram in which the spacer is detached from the head of the screw and the panel cover is pushed by the compression coil spring. FIG. 9C is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the screw is removed from the attachment portion of the panel case together with the nut. In addition, about the component which is common between this Embodiment and Embodiment 1, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and demonstrated.

  7 to 9, in the present embodiment, the point that the nut 35 is slidably inserted into the mounting portion 25a of the panel case 25 (see FIGS. 1 and 2) is the first embodiment. This is different from the fastening body structure in FIG.

  A vertical groove 36a formed in the axial direction of the screw 17 and inserted through the screw 17 and a nut 35 perpendicular to the vertical groove 36a and screwed into the male screw portion 17a of the screw 17 are inserted on the distal end side of the mounting portion 25a. The lateral groove 36b to be communicated is formed. The vertical groove 36a is formed by cutting in the radial direction of the mounting portion 25a and is formed from the outer peripheral side toward the center. The groove width of the vertical groove 36 a is formed to be slightly larger than the outer diameter of the male screw portion 17 a of the screw 17. The groove depth of the vertical groove 36a is formed longer than the length of the male screw portion 17a.

  The lateral groove 36b is formed in a width dimension slightly larger than the two-surface width of the nut 35 on the lower side of the vertical groove 36a. The depth of the lateral groove 36 b is formed to be slightly larger than the height of the nut 35. The nut 35 is inserted into the center position of the mounting portion 25a and is screwed with the male screw portion 17a.

  When the panel cover 22 is attached to the panel case 25, the spacer 10 is positioned between the screw 17 and the panel cover 22 as in the first embodiment. By inserting the screw 17 through the vertical groove 36 a and screwing it into the nut 35, the panel cover 22 is pressed and fixed to the seat surface 17 c of the screw 17 through the spacer 10.

  When removing the panel cover 22, when the liquid crystal television 20 is placed in a furnace, oil or warm water, the spacer 10 opens in the radial direction of the screw 17 as shown in FIG. Get out of the head 17b. Then, as shown in FIG. 9B, the panel cover 22 is detached from the panel case 25 by the elastic force of the compression coil spring 27. As shown in FIG. 9C, the screw 17 is removed from the panel case 25 by shifting the screw 17 sideways together with the nut 35. In FIG. 7, the direction in which the screw 17 and the nut 35 come out is a direction perpendicular to the paper surface.

  As described above, according to the present embodiment, after the panel cover 22 is removed from the panel case 25, the screws 17 and the nuts 35 are shifted to the side while keeping the screws 17 and the nuts 35 screwed together. Can be easily removed. Thereby, the effort which removes the screw | thread 17 does not require and disassembly workability | operativity improves.

  In the first and second embodiments having the fastening body structure, the compression coil spring 27 is used to automatically separate the panel case 25 and the panel cover 22. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the plastic chassis 21 can be easily disassembled without using the compression coil spring 27.

  Furthermore, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments, and can be modified as follows. As shown in FIG. 4B, for example, the countersunk screw 17 can be modified into a stepped screw 55 (fastening member) having a locking step 55d at the neck. The locking step portion 55d is formed between the flat head portion 55b and the male screw portion 55a so as to be thicker than the outer diameter R1 'of the male screw portion 55a and thinner than the outer diameter R2' of the head portion 55b.

  The relationship between the stepped screw 55 and the spacer 10 is such that the inner diameter R3 of the spacer 10 formed after shape memory is larger than the outer diameter R1 ′ of the male screw portion 55a and the outer diameter R5 of the locking step portion 55d. Moreover, it is smaller than the outer diameter R2 ′ of the head portion 55b. (R1 '<R5 <R3 <R2'). Also, the inner diameter R4 of the spacer 10 restored to its original state (memory shape) is larger than the outer diameter R1 ′ of the male screw portion 55a, the outer diameter R2 ′ of the head portion 55b, and the outer diameter R5 of the locking step portion 55d. (R1 ′ <R5 <R2 ′ <R4).

  FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing a fastening body structure in which the stepped screw shown in FIG. 4B is used. As shown in FIG. 10, the end surface of the locking step portion 55d abuts on the end surface (end portion) of the mounting portion 25b, and the stepped screw 55 is locked in the insertion direction. Even if it is not managed, the neck length L is always a constant length. In other words, in the fastening body structure provided with the spacer 10, even if the stepped screw 55 is tightened with a stronger tightening torque, the head portion 55b can be prevented from sinking inside the spacer 10, and the spring property of the spacer 10 can be prevented. Can be reliably contributed to the prevention of loosening of the fastening member.

  As a result, it is possible to avoid a certain force from acting on the spacer 10. For this reason, the spacer 10 is prevented from being pulled out of the stepped screw 55 due to opening or the like, and assembling workability and fastening reliability are improved. In addition, the shape of the spacer 10 can be reliably restored under a certain heating condition, and the disassembly reliability can be improved.

  In other words, the present invention relates to a fastening member (screw) having a shaft portion (male screw portion 17a) extending in a predetermined direction and a head portion (head portion 17b) provided at the tip of the shaft portion (male screw portion 17a). 17) A fastening member accessory (spacer 10) used in connection with 17).

  The fastening member accessory (spacer 10) has one end and the other end that are free ends, and includes arm portions (a pair of arm portions 12 and 13) containing a shape memory material. The arm portions (the pair of arm portions 12 and 13) are formed so as to be displaced along the aforementioned predetermined direction from one end to the other end.

  When the fastening member (panel cover 22) is fastened using the fastening member (screw 17), the arm portion (the pair of arm portions 12 and 13) has a shaft portion (male screw portion 17a) between one end and the other end. ) Extends along the periphery of the head and is positioned between the head (head 17b) and the member to be fastened (panel cover 22). When releasing the fastening of the fastened member (panel cover 22), the arm portions (the pair of arm portions 12 and 13) are restored to the original shape stored in the shape memory material, and the arm portions (the pair of arm portions 12 and 13) are restored. 13) is expanded from the space between the head (head 17b) and the member to be fastened (panel cover 22) by expanding the diameter of the shaft (male thread 17a) in the radial direction.

  The embodiment disclosed this time should be considered as illustrative in all points and not restrictive. The scope of the present invention is defined by the terms of the claims, rather than the description above, and is intended to include any modifications within the scope and meaning equivalent to the terms of the claims.

In Embodiment 1 of this invention, it is sectional drawing which shows a part of liquid crystal television provided with the fastening body structure where the spacer for easy disassembly made from a shape memory alloy was used. It is sectional drawing which expands and shows the range enclosed by the dashed-two dotted line II in FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the disassembly state of the fastening body structure shown in FIG. FIG. 4A is a side view of a countersunk screw, and FIG. 4B is a side view of a stepped screw. FIG. 5 (A) is a plan view, FIG. 5 (B) is a side view, and FIG. 5 (C) is a plan view of FIG. 5 (A). It is sectional drawing along the CC line in the inside. FIG. 6A is a plan view, FIG. 6B is a side view, and FIG. 6C is a view in FIG. 6A. FIG. It is sectional drawing along the CC line. In Embodiment 2 of this invention, it is sectional drawing which shows a part of liquid crystal television provided with the fastening body structure where the spacer for easy disassembly made from a shape memory alloy was used. FIG. 8A is a plan view, and FIG. 8B is a front view, illustrating details of the panel case mounting portion shown in FIG. 7. FIG. 9A shows a state before and after disassembly of the fastening body structure shown in FIG. 7, FIG. 9A is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the heated spacer is reconstructed and opened, and FIG. FIG. 9C is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the screw is removed from the head of the screw and the panel cover is pushed by the compression coil spring, and FIG. 9C is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the screw is removed from the attachment portion of the panel case together with the nut. FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the fastening body structure where the stepped screw shown in FIG. 4 (B) was used. It is sectional drawing which shows the washer which was disclosed by patent document 1 and has the function of both the prevention of loosening of a screw and loosening. It is a figure for demonstrating the content disclosed by patent document 2, FIG. 12 (A) is a side view which shows the screw | thread which has memory shape, FIG.12 (B) is FIG.12 (A) in FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the use condition of a screw. It is a perspective view which shows the spring washer disclosed by patent document 3. FIG.

Explanation of symbols

  10 spacer, 12, 13 arm, 15 washer, 17, 55 screw (fastening member), 17a, 55a male screw, 22 panel cover (fastened member), 22a insertion hole, 25 panel case (main body), 25c female screw , 27 compression coil spring (compression spring), 35 nut, 36a longitudinal groove, 36b transverse groove, 55d locking step.

Claims (10)

A part or all of the pair of arms is formed of a shape memory material, and is sandwiched between the head of the fastening member and the fastened member around the fastening member, and the fastening force of the fastening member A screw accessory for pressing a member to be fastened,
The pair of arm portions are formed with a step with respect to the pressing direction, and the pair of arm portions is heated or receives an external force, whereby the shape memory material stores the original shape. A screw accessory, wherein the pair of arms are restored to open in a radial direction of the fastening member.   Using a shape memory alloy as a shape memory material forming part or all of the pair of arms, and restoring the original shape stored when heated above the reverse transformation temperature of the shape memory alloy The screw accessory according to claim 1, wherein the pair of arm portions open in a radial direction of the fastening member.   A polymer material is used as a shape memory material that forms part or all of the pair of arms, and when the polymer material is heated to a glass transition temperature or higher, it is restored to the original shape stored. The screw accessory according to claim 1, wherein the pair of arm portions open in a radial direction of the fastening member.   A spring material is used as a shape memory material that forms part or all of the pair of arms, and is restored to its original shape by the elastic restoring force of the spring material, and the pair of arms is arranged in the radial direction of the fastening member. The screw accessory according to claim 1, wherein the screw accessory is opened. A fastening body structure using the screw accessory according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
A body having an opening;
A fastened member having an insertion hole and addressed to the opening;
A fastening member that is inserted through the insertion hole and screwed into the main body,
The fastening member is screwed into the female thread portion of the main body, the screw accessory is sandwiched between the head of the fastening member and the fastened member, and the fastened force of the fastening member causes the fastened member to be fastened. Fastened body structure characterized by being fastened and fixed.   A longitudinal groove formed in the axial direction of the fastening member and a lateral groove intersecting the longitudinal groove are formed in the main body so as to communicate with each other, and the nut engages with the fastening member in place of the female thread portion in the lateral groove. The fastening body structure according to claim 5, wherein the slide body is slidably inserted.   The fastening body structure according to claim 5 or 6, wherein a washer is provided between the fastened member and the screw accessory.   The fastening according to any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein a compression spring for biasing the fastened member and the main body is provided between the fastened member and the main body. Body structure.   9. A locking step portion thicker than a screw diameter of a male screw portion is provided at a neck portion of the fastening member, and the locking step portion abuts against an end portion of the main body. The fastening body structure according to any one of the above.   The axial length of the locking step portion is shorter than the distance from the outer surface in the pressing direction of one arm portion to the outer surface in the pressing direction of the other arm portion in the screw accessory, and for the screw The fastening body structure according to claim 9, wherein a diameter of the member constituting the accessory is the same as or longer than the diameter in the pressing direction.

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