JP2005208754A - Non-contact ic card communication equipment - Google Patents

Non-contact ic card communication equipment Download PDF

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JP2005208754A
JP2005208754A JP2004012196A JP2004012196A JP2005208754A JP 2005208754 A JP2005208754 A JP 2005208754A JP 2004012196 A JP2004012196 A JP 2004012196A JP 2004012196 A JP2004012196 A JP 2004012196A JP 2005208754 A JP2005208754 A JP 2005208754A
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power
transmission
circuit
transmission power
radio wave
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Takashi Ui
孝 宇井
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Panasonic Holdings Corp
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Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd
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<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide non-contact IC card communication equipment for reducing magnetic strength without narrowing communication range with a non-contact IC card. <P>SOLUTION: This control circuit 2 monitors the power value of a transmission power detected by a transmission power detecting circuit 7, and when a state that the detected power value is lower than a normal power value by a preliminarily set specific value continues in a preliminarily set time, the control circuit 2 determines that a human body has approached, and requests a transmission power switching circuit 8 to decrease the transmission power, and the transmission power switching circuit 8 controls an amplifier circuit 4 to decrease the transmission power. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

本発明は、電磁誘導を利用してＩＣカードとの通信を行う非接触ＩＣカードシステムに関するもので、特に、ＩＣカードと通信を行う非接触ＩＣカード通信装置に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a contactless IC card system that communicates with an IC card using electromagnetic induction, and more particularly to a contactless IC card communication apparatus that communicates with an IC card.

従来、メモリを含む所定の集積回路とアンテナを搭載した非接触ＩＣカードと、この非接触ＩＣカードのアンテナと電磁結合してデータの送受信を行う非接触ＩＣカード通信装置としての非接触ＩＣカードリーダライタ装置とを備えた非接触ＩＣカードシステムが知られており、非接触ＩＣカードの動作電源となる直流電源電圧は、アンテナを介して受信したキャリア（搬送波）をもとに生成されるようになっている（例えば特許文献１、２参照）。   2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a non-contact IC card reader as a non-contact IC card communication device that transmits and receives data by electromagnetic coupling with a predetermined integrated circuit including a memory and an antenna, and an antenna of the non-contact IC card A contactless IC card system including a writer device is known, and a DC power supply voltage serving as an operation power supply for the contactless IC card is generated based on a carrier (carrier wave) received via an antenna. (For example, see Patent Documents 1 and 2).

図６に従来の非接触ＩＣカードリーダライタ装置の構成図を示す。   FIG. 6 shows a configuration diagram of a conventional non-contact IC card reader / writer device.

図６に示すように、従来の非接触ＩＣカードリーダライタ装置は、通常ループアンテナで構成され、非接触ＩＣカードリーダライタ装置のキャリアを放射してＩＣカードに電力を供給するとともにデータの送信及び非接触ＩＣカードからの負荷変調されたデータを受信するアンテナ６１と、非接触ＩＣカードから受信したデータを内蔵のメモリに格納し適宜読み出して処理し、必要であれば非接触ＩＣカードへデータを送信するなどして装置全体を制御する制御回路６２と、制御回路６２から出力される送信データをキャリアに変調する変調回路６３と、変調回路６３の出力を規定の送信電力まで増幅する増幅回路６４と、ダイオードブリッジ等で構成され、キャリアからデータ信号を検波する検波回路６５と、検波回路６５で検波されたデータ信号を増幅し、波形整形し、制御回路６２に伝える受信回路６６とを備えている。   As shown in FIG. 6, the conventional non-contact IC card reader / writer device is usually configured with a loop antenna, and radiates the carrier of the non-contact IC card reader / writer device to supply power to the IC card and transmit and receive data. The antenna 61 that receives load-modulated data from the non-contact IC card, and the data received from the non-contact IC card are stored in a built-in memory, read and processed appropriately, and if necessary, the data is transferred to the non-contact IC card. A control circuit 62 that controls the entire apparatus by transmitting, a modulation circuit 63 that modulates transmission data output from the control circuit 62 into a carrier, and an amplification circuit 64 that amplifies the output of the modulation circuit 63 to a prescribed transmission power And a detection circuit 65 configured to detect a data signal from the carrier, and a detection circuit detected by the detection circuit 65. Amplifies the data signal, and waveform shaping, and a receiving circuit 66 for transmitting to the control circuit 62.

このような構成の非接触ＩＣカードリーダライタ装置は、キャリア周波数の電波を常時アンテナ６１から出力しており、非接触ＩＣカードは、リーダライタ装置に近づくと、リーダライタ装置から送出されているキャリアを受信し、この受信波を整流することで動作電源を得ている。   The non-contact IC card reader / writer device having such a configuration always outputs a carrier frequency radio wave from the antenna 61. When the non-contact IC card approaches the reader / writer device, the carrier transmitted from the reader / writer device. The operation power is obtained by rectifying the received wave.

また、非接触ＩＣカードリーダライタ装置の制御回路６２は、一定周期で変調回路６３によりキャリアにＡＭ（Amplitude Modulation）変調をかけてコマンドを送信しており、非接触ＩＣカードは、キャリアから動作電源を得ると共に、リーダライタ装置から一定周期で送出されるコマンドを受信し、そのコマンドに対するレスポンスを、動作負荷を変える負荷変調方式でリーダライタ装置に伝える。   Further, the control circuit 62 of the non-contact IC card reader / writer device transmits a command by performing AM (Amplitude Modulation) modulation on the carrier by the modulation circuit 63 at a constant period. And a command sent from the reader / writer device at a constant cycle is received, and a response to the command is transmitted to the reader / writer device by a load modulation method that changes the operation load.

非接触ＩＣカードリーダライタ装置では、負荷変調で返送されたＡＭ変調波をアンテナ６１で受信すると、検波回路６５、受信回路６６を通してデータ信号を復調し、制御回路６２でデータを認識してデータの授受が完了する。   In the non-contact IC card reader / writer device, when an AM modulated wave returned by load modulation is received by the antenna 61, the data signal is demodulated through the detection circuit 65 and the reception circuit 66, and the control circuit 62 recognizes the data and recognizes the data. Transfer is completed.

このように、従来の非接触ＩＣカードリーダライタ装置においては、非接触ＩＣカードが所定の領域内にあれば、非接触でデータの送受信を行うことができる。   As described above, in the conventional non-contact IC card reader / writer device, if the non-contact IC card is in a predetermined area, data can be transmitted and received without contact.

さらに、非接触ＩＣカードリーダライタ装置は、非接触ＩＣカードとの通信距離を１０cm程度確保するために、送信電力を１Ｗ程度に高出力化したものが一般的となってきている。
特開２００２−１７００８２号公報 特開２００３−２１６９１１号公報 Further, non-contact IC card reader / writer devices are generally increasing in output power to about 1 W in order to ensure a communication distance of about 10 cm with the non-contact IC card.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-170082 JP 2003-216911 A

しかしながら、このような従来の非接触ＩＣカード通信装置においては、非接触ＩＣカード通信装置の送信電波の電力が強いために、通信装置に人体が近接した状態が続くと、電波法施行規則第四六条の二第一項（最終改正、平成１５年１０月９日）の規定レベルを超えてしまうおそれがあった。   However, in such a conventional non-contact IC card communication device, since the power of the transmission radio wave of the non-contact IC card communication device is strong, if the human body is in close proximity to the communication device, the Radio Law Enforcement Regulation No. 4 There was a risk of exceeding the prescribed level of Article 6-2 (1) (final revision, October 9, 2003).

一方、磁界強度を弱くすると、非接触ＩＣカードとの通信可能範囲が狭くなってしまい、使い勝手が悪くなってしまう。   On the other hand, if the magnetic field strength is weakened, the communicable range with the non-contact IC card becomes narrow, and the usability deteriorates.

本発明は、非接触ＩＣカードとの通信範囲を狭めることなく、磁界強度を低減することのできる非接触ＩＣカード通信装置を提供することを目的とする。   An object of this invention is to provide the non-contact IC card communication apparatus which can reduce magnetic field intensity, without narrowing the communication range with a non-contact IC card.

本発明の非接触ＩＣカード通信装置は、送信電波の電力を検出する送信電力検出手段と、送信電波の電力の大きさを切り替える送信電力切替手段と、前記送信電力検出手段が検出した送信電波の電力が予め設定された値以下に低下した状態が予め設定された時間続いたとき、前記送信電力切替手段により送信電波の電力を下げる制御手段とを備える構成を有している。   The contactless IC card communication device of the present invention includes a transmission power detection means for detecting the power of a transmission radio wave, a transmission power switching means for switching the magnitude of the power of the transmission radio wave, and a transmission radio wave detected by the transmission power detection means. And a control means for lowering the power of the transmission radio wave by the transmission power switching means when the state where the power is reduced below a preset value continues for a preset time.

この構成により、人体が近接して送信電波の電力が低下した状態が続くと、送信電波の電力が下げられることとなる。   With this configuration, when the state where the human body approaches and the power of the transmission radio wave is reduced continues, the power of the transmission radio wave is reduced.

ここで、前記送信電力検出手段が、送信電波の電力に影響を与えずに送信電波の電力を検出するための検出信号を取り出す方向性結合器と、前記検出信号を直流に変換する整流回路とを有する構成とした。   Here, the transmission power detection means takes out a detection signal for detecting the power of the transmission radio wave without affecting the power of the transmission radio wave, and a rectifier circuit that converts the detection signal into a direct current. It was set as the structure which has.

この構成により、送信電波の電力に影響を与えずに送信電波の電力を検出することができる。   With this configuration, it is possible to detect the power of the transmission radio wave without affecting the power of the transmission radio wave.

また、前記送信電力検出手段が、送信電波の電力に影響を与えずに送信電波の電力を検出するための検出信号を取り出す結合コンデンサと、前記検出信号を直流に変換する整流回路とを有する構成とした。   The transmission power detection means includes a coupling capacitor that extracts a detection signal for detecting the power of the transmission radio wave without affecting the power of the transmission radio wave, and a rectifier circuit that converts the detection signal into a direct current It was.

この構成により、送信電波の電力に影響を与えずに送信電波の電力を検出することができる。   With this configuration, it is possible to detect the power of the transmission radio wave without affecting the power of the transmission radio wave.

また、前記送信電力切替手段は、送信電波の電力を周期的に出力し、前記送信電波の電力を出力しない時間を変化させることで、送信電波の電力の平均値の大きさを切り替える構成とした。   The transmission power switching means periodically outputs the power of the transmission radio wave and changes the time during which the power of the transmission radio wave is not output, thereby switching the average value of the power of the transmission radio wave. .

この構成により、簡易な構成で送信電力を切り替えることができる。   With this configuration, transmission power can be switched with a simple configuration.

本発明によれば、送信電波の電力を検出し、送信電波の電力が低下した状態が一定期間続いたとき、送信電波の電力を下げているので、従来の通信範囲を維持したまま、磁界強度を低減することができる。   According to the present invention, when the power of the transmission radio wave is detected and the state where the power of the transmission radio wave is reduced continues for a certain period, the power of the transmission radio wave is reduced, so that the magnetic field strength is maintained while maintaining the conventional communication range. Can be reduced.

以下、本発明の実施の形態について、図面を参照して説明する。   Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

図１は本発明の第１の実施の形態の非接触ＩＣカードリーダライタ装置を示す図である。   FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a non-contact IC card reader / writer device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

図１において、非接触ＩＣカードリーダライタ装置は、通常ループアンテナで構成され、非接触ＩＣカードリーダライタ装置のキャリアを放射してＩＣカードに電力を供給するとともにデータの送信及び非接触ＩＣカードからの負荷変調されたデータを受信するアンテナ１と、非接触ＩＣカードから受信したデータを内蔵のメモリに格納し適宜読み出して処理し、必要であれば非接触ＩＣカードへデータを送信するなどして装置全体を制御する制御回路２と、制御回路２から出力される送信データをキャリアに変調する変調回路３と、変調回路３の出力を規定の送信電力まで増幅する増幅回路４と、ダイオードブリッジ等で構成され、キャリアからデータ信号を検波する検波回路５と、検波回路５で検波されたデータ信号を増幅し、波形整形し、制御回路２に伝える受信回路６と、増幅回路４から出力された電力の大きさを検出する送信電力検出回路７と、増幅回路４を制御して送信電力を通常時の出力レベルと１０dB程度低いレベルとに切り替える送信電力切替回路８と、送信電力検出回路７で検出された電圧レベルを記憶しておく記憶回路９と、設定された時間経過後に時間が経過したことを通知するなどしてタイマの働きをするタイマ回路１０とを備えている。   In FIG. 1, the non-contact IC card reader / writer device is usually configured with a loop antenna, radiates the carrier of the non-contact IC card reader / writer device to supply power to the IC card, and transmits data and from the non-contact IC card. The antenna 1 that receives the load-modulated data and the data received from the non-contact IC card are stored in a built-in memory, read out and processed as appropriate, and the data is transmitted to the non-contact IC card if necessary. A control circuit 2 that controls the entire apparatus, a modulation circuit 3 that modulates transmission data output from the control circuit 2 into a carrier, an amplification circuit 4 that amplifies the output of the modulation circuit 3 to a prescribed transmission power, a diode bridge, and the like The detection circuit 5 detects the data signal from the carrier, and amplifies the data signal detected by the detection circuit 5, and shapes the waveform. The receiving circuit 6 that transmits to the control circuit 2, the transmission power detection circuit 7 that detects the magnitude of the power output from the amplifier circuit 4, and the amplifier circuit 4 to control the transmission power to the normal output level and about 10 dB. A transmission power switching circuit 8 for switching to a low level, a storage circuit 9 for storing the voltage level detected by the transmission power detection circuit 7, and notifying that the time has elapsed after a set time has elapsed. And a timer circuit 10 that functions as a timer.

このような構成の非接触ＩＣカードリーダライタ装置は、キャリア周波数の電波を常時アンテナ１から出力しており、非接触ＩＣカードは、リーダライタ装置に近づくと、リーダライタ装置から送出されているキャリアを受信し、この受信波を整流することで動作電源を得ている。   The non-contact IC card reader / writer device having such a configuration always outputs a carrier frequency radio wave from the antenna 1, and when the non-contact IC card approaches the reader / writer device, the carrier is sent from the reader / writer device. The operation power is obtained by rectifying the received wave.

また、非接触ＩＣカードリーダライタ装置の制御回路２は、一定周期で変調回路３によりキャリアにＡＭ変調をかけてコマンドを送信しており、非接触ＩＣカードは、キャリアから動作電源を得ると共に、リーダライタ装置から一定周期で送出されるコマンドを受信し、そのコマンドに対するレスポンスを、動作負荷を変える負荷変調方式でリーダライタ装置に伝える。   Further, the control circuit 2 of the non-contact IC card reader / writer device transmits a command by performing AM modulation on the carrier by the modulation circuit 3 at a constant period, and the non-contact IC card obtains an operation power from the carrier, A command transmitted from the reader / writer device is received at a constant period, and a response to the command is transmitted to the reader / writer device by a load modulation method that changes the operation load.

非接触ＩＣカードリーダライタ装置では、負荷変調で返送されたＡＭ変調波をアンテナ１で受信すると、検波回路５、受信回路６を通してデータ信号を復調し、制御回路２でデータを認識してデータの授受が完了する。   In the non-contact IC card reader / writer device, when the AM modulated wave returned by the load modulation is received by the antenna 1, the data signal is demodulated through the detection circuit 5 and the reception circuit 6, and the control circuit 2 recognizes the data and recognizes the data. Transfer is completed.

そして、非接触ＩＣカードリーダライタ装置においては、人体がアンテナ１に近接すると、アンテナ同調周波数がずれるためにインピーダンスが下がり、アンテナ１に誘起される電圧レベルが小さくなる。また、ＩＣカードと通信している状態や、ＩＣカードが近接したときなどは、この電圧レベルの変化が急激で、直ぐに元の状態に戻るようになる。   In the non-contact IC card reader / writer device, when the human body is close to the antenna 1, the antenna tuning frequency is shifted, so that the impedance is lowered and the voltage level induced in the antenna 1 is reduced. Also, when the IC card is communicating or when the IC card is in close proximity, the voltage level changes rapidly and immediately returns to the original state.

このため、本実施の形態の非接触ＩＣカードリーダライタ装置は、送信電力検出回路７により、この送信電圧のレベルを検出し、制御回路２が、送信電力検出回路７で検出した送信電圧のレベルが一定時間以上低い状態を続けているとき、人体が近接していると判断し、送信電力切替回路８により増幅回路４を制御して送信電力を下げるようになっている。   For this reason, the non-contact IC card reader / writer device of the present embodiment detects the level of this transmission voltage by the transmission power detection circuit 7, and the level of the transmission voltage detected by the control circuit 2 by the transmission power detection circuit 7. Is kept low for a certain time or more, it is determined that a human body is approaching, and the transmission power switching circuit 8 controls the amplifier circuit 4 to reduce the transmission power.

具体的には、図２のフローチャートに示すように、制御回路２は、まずカウンタの値を０にリセットし（Ｓ１１）、送信電力検出回路７で検出した電力値を記憶回路９内のＤＡＴ１領域に格納する（Ｓ１２）。   Specifically, as shown in the flowchart of FIG. 2, the control circuit 2 first resets the value of the counter to 0 (S11), and the power value detected by the transmission power detection circuit 7 is stored in the DAT1 area in the storage circuit 9. (S12).

その後、制御回路２は、タイマ回路１０に予め設定された時間を設定して一定時間ＷＡＩＴ（待ち合わせ）した後カウンタの値に１加算し（Ｓ１３）、送信電力検出回路７で検出した電力値を記憶回路９内のＤＡＴ２領域に格納する（Ｓ１４）。   Thereafter, the control circuit 2 sets a preset time in the timer circuit 10 and waits for a fixed time, and then adds 1 to the counter value (S13). The power value detected by the transmission power detection circuit 7 is then added. The data is stored in the DAT2 area in the storage circuit 9 (S14).

そして、制御回路２は、カウンタの値が予め設定された規定値以上になっているか判定し（Ｓ１５）、規定値以上になっていなければ、ＤＡＴ２に格納されている電力値とＤＡＴ１に格納されている電力値とを比較し、ＤＡＴ２に格納されている電力値がＤＡＴ１に格納されている電力値に比べ予め設定された規定値より低いか判定する（Ｓ１６）。   Then, the control circuit 2 determines whether the value of the counter is equal to or greater than a predetermined value set in advance (S15). If the value is not equal to or greater than the predetermined value, the control circuit 2 stores the power value stored in DAT2 and DAT1. The power value stored in DAT2 is compared with the power value stored in DAT1 to determine whether it is lower than a preset specified value (S16).

ＤＡＴ２に格納されている電力値がＤＡＴ１に格納されている電力値に比べ予め設定された規定値より低くなければ、Ｓ１１に戻り、カウンタの値を０にリセットして以降の処理を繰り返す。   If the power value stored in DAT2 is not lower than the preset specified value compared to the power value stored in DAT1, the process returns to S11, the counter value is reset to 0, and the subsequent processing is repeated.

ＤＡＴ２に格納されている電力値がＤＡＴ１に格納されている電力値に比べ予め設定された規定値より低ければ、Ｓ１３に戻り、ＷＡＩＴして以降の処理を繰り返す。   If the power value stored in DAT2 is lower than the preset specified value compared to the power value stored in DAT1, the process returns to S13, WAITs, and the subsequent processing is repeated.

また、Ｓ１５において、カウンタの値が予め設定された規定値以上になっていれば、制御回路２は、送信電力切替回路８に送信電力を下げるように要求し、送信電力切替回路８が増幅回路４を制御して送信電力を下げる（Ｓ１７）。   In S15, if the value of the counter is equal to or greater than a predetermined value set in advance, the control circuit 2 requests the transmission power switching circuit 8 to lower the transmission power, and the transmission power switching circuit 8 4 is controlled to lower the transmission power (S17).

その後、制御回路２は、送信電力検出回路７で検出した電力値を記憶回路９内のＤＡＴ１領域に格納し（Ｓ１８）、タイマ回路１０に予め設定された時間を設定して一定時間ＷＡＩＴ（待ち合わせ）する（Ｓ１９）。   Thereafter, the control circuit 2 stores the power value detected by the transmission power detection circuit 7 in the DAT1 area in the storage circuit 9 (S18), sets a preset time in the timer circuit 10 and sets a predetermined time WAIT (waiting time). (S19).

ＷＡＩＴが終了すると、制御回路２は、送信電力検出回路７で検出した電力値を記憶回路９内のＤＡＴ２領域に格納し（Ｓ２０）、ＤＡＴ２に格納されている電力値とＤＡＴ１に格納されている電力値とを比較し、ＤＡＴ２に格納されている電力値がＤＡＴ１に格納されている電力値に比べ予め設定された規定値より高いか判定する（Ｓ２１）。   When WAIT ends, the control circuit 2 stores the power value detected by the transmission power detection circuit 7 in the DAT2 area in the storage circuit 9 (S20), and is stored in the power value stored in DAT2 and DAT1. The power value is compared, and it is determined whether the power value stored in DAT2 is higher than the preset specified value compared to the power value stored in DAT1 (S21).

ＤＡＴ２に格納されている電力値がＤＡＴ１に格納されている電力値に比べ予め設定された規定値より高くなければ、Ｓ１９に戻り、ＷＡＩＴした後以降の処理を繰り返す。   If the power value stored in DAT2 is not higher than the preset specified value compared to the power value stored in DAT1, the process returns to S19, and the subsequent processing is repeated after WAIT.

ＤＡＴ２に格納されている電力値がＤＡＴ１に格納されている電力値に比べ予め設定された規定値より高い場合、制御回路２は、送信電力切替回路８に送信電力を上げるように要求し、送信電力切替回路８が増幅回路４を制御して送信電力を上げ（Ｓ２２）、Ｓ１１に戻り、カウンタの値を０にリセットして以降の処理を繰り返す。   When the power value stored in DAT2 is higher than the predetermined value set in advance compared to the power value stored in DAT1, the control circuit 2 requests the transmission power switching circuit 8 to increase the transmission power, and transmits The power switching circuit 8 controls the amplifier circuit 4 to increase the transmission power (S22), returns to S11, resets the counter value to 0, and repeats the subsequent processing.

このように本実施の形態においては、送信電力検出回路７で検出した送信電力が予め設定された規定範囲より下がった状態が、予め設定された時間以上続いたとき、人体が近接したと判断し、送信電力を下げるよう制御しているので、人体に対して放射する磁界強度を低く抑えることができる。   As described above, in this embodiment, when the state where the transmission power detected by the transmission power detection circuit 7 is lower than the preset specified range continues for a preset time or more, it is determined that the human body is approaching. Since the transmission power is controlled to be lowered, the magnetic field intensity radiated to the human body can be kept low.

また、送信電力を下げた後には、検出した送信電力の値が高くなると、図２のＳ１９〜Ｓ２２に示すように元の送信電力に復帰させるようにしているので、非接触ＩＣカードとの通信可能範囲を直ぐに元に戻すことができ、非接触ＩＣカードとの通信可能領域を確保することができる。   Further, after the transmission power is lowered, when the detected transmission power value increases, the original transmission power is restored as shown in S19 to S22 of FIG. 2, so that communication with the non-contact IC card is performed. The possible range can be immediately restored, and a communicable area with the non-contact IC card can be secured.

本発明の第２の実施の形態としては、図３に示すように、送信電力検出回路７に替えて、アンテナ１側への電力供給に影響を与えずに送信電力を検出するための検出信号（減衰された送信波）を取り出す方向性結合器１１と、方向性結合器１１から取り出した検出信号を直流に変換する整流回路１２とを備えるようにする。   As a second embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 3, instead of the transmission power detection circuit 7, a detection signal for detecting transmission power without affecting the power supply to the antenna 1 side. A directional coupler 11 that extracts (attenuated transmission wave) and a rectifier circuit 12 that converts a detection signal extracted from the directional coupler 11 into direct current are provided.

このような構成において、増幅回路４の出力する送信電力は、方向性結合器１１を通してアンテナ１に供給されるとともに、１０ｄＢ程度減衰された検出信号が整流回路１２に出力される。整流回路１２は、この検出信号を直流レベルに変換し、制御回路２に出力する。   In such a configuration, the transmission power output from the amplifier circuit 4 is supplied to the antenna 1 through the directional coupler 11 and a detection signal attenuated by about 10 dB is output to the rectifier circuit 12. The rectifier circuit 12 converts this detection signal into a direct current level and outputs it to the control circuit 2.

制御回路２は、整流回路１２が出力する信号を送信電力の検出電力値として、上述と同様に人体の近接を検知して送信電力を制御する。   The control circuit 2 controls the transmission power by detecting the proximity of the human body in the same manner as described above, using the signal output from the rectifier circuit 12 as the detected power value of the transmission power.

次に、本発明の第３の実施の形態としては、図４に示すように、送信電力検出回路７に替えて、アンテナ１側への電力供給に影響を与えずに送信電力を検出するための検出信号（減衰された送信波）を取り出す結合コンデンサ１３と、結合コンデンサ１３から取り出した検出信号を直流に変換する整流回路１２とを備えるようにする。   Next, as a third embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 4, in place of the transmission power detection circuit 7, the transmission power is detected without affecting the power supply to the antenna 1 side. A coupling capacitor 13 for extracting the detection signal (attenuated transmission wave) and a rectifier circuit 12 for converting the detection signal extracted from the coupling capacitor 13 into a direct current.

このような構成において、増幅回路４の出力する送信電力は、結合コンデンサ１３を通して１０ｄＢ程度減衰され、検出信号として整流回路１２に出力される。整流回路１２は、この検出信号を直流レベルに変換し、制御回路２に出力する。   In such a configuration, the transmission power output from the amplifier circuit 4 is attenuated by about 10 dB through the coupling capacitor 13 and is output to the rectifier circuit 12 as a detection signal. The rectifier circuit 12 converts this detection signal into a direct current level and outputs it to the control circuit 2.

制御回路２は、整流回路１２が出力する信号を送信電力の検出電力値として、上述と同様に人体の近接を検知して送信電力を制御する。   The control circuit 2 controls the transmission power by detecting the proximity of the human body in the same manner as described above, using the signal output from the rectifier circuit 12 as the detected power value of the transmission power.

次に、本発明の第４の実施の形態としては、図５に示すように、送信電力切替回路８に替えて、増幅回路４を制御して送信電力をオンまたはオフするスイッチ（ＳＷ）回路１４を備えるようにする。   Next, as a fourth embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 5, instead of the transmission power switching circuit 8, a switch (SW) circuit that controls the amplifier circuit 4 to turn on or off the transmission power. 14 is provided.

このような構成において、スイッチ回路１４は、予め設定された周期で増幅回路４を制御して送信電力のオンとオフとを繰り返している。   In such a configuration, the switch circuit 14 controls the amplifier circuit 4 in a preset cycle to repeatedly turn on and off the transmission power.

そして、制御回路２は、上述の方法で、送信電力検出回路７で検出した送信電力が予め設定された規定範囲より下がった状態が、予め設定された時間以上続いたとき、スイッチ回路１４に送信電力を下げるように要求し、スイッチ回路１４は、増幅回路４を制御して、送信電力のオンとオフとの周期のオフにしている時間を長くして送信電力の平均値を下げるようにする。この結果、送信電力が下がり、磁界強度を低く抑えることができる。   Then, the control circuit 2 transmits to the switch circuit 14 when the state where the transmission power detected by the transmission power detection circuit 7 has fallen below the preset specified range continues for a preset time or longer by the above-described method. The switch circuit 14 requests that the power be reduced, and the switch circuit 14 controls the amplifier circuit 4 so as to lengthen the time during which the transmission power is turned off and off to lower the average value of the transmission power. . As a result, the transmission power is reduced and the magnetic field strength can be kept low.

また、送信電力を下げた後、検出された電力値が予め設定された規定値より高くなると、制御回路２は、スイッチ回路１４に送信電力を上げるように要求し、スイッチ回路１４が増幅回路４を制御して、送信電力のオンとオフの周期を元に戻す。この結果、送信電力が元に戻る。   When the detected power value becomes higher than a preset specified value after the transmission power is lowered, the control circuit 2 requests the switch circuit 14 to increase the transmission power, and the switch circuit 14 causes the amplifier circuit 4 to increase the transmission power. To return the transmission power ON / OFF cycle to the original period. As a result, the transmission power is restored.

以上のように、本発明にかかる非接触ＩＣカード通信装置は、従来の通信範囲を維持したまま、磁界強度を低減することができるという効果を有し、電磁誘導を利用してＩＣカードとの通信を行う非接触ＩＣカードシステムの非接触ＩＣカード通信装置等として有用である。   As described above, the non-contact IC card communication device according to the present invention has an effect that the magnetic field strength can be reduced while maintaining the conventional communication range. It is useful as a non-contact IC card communication device of a non-contact IC card system that performs communication.

本発明の第１の実施の形態の非接触ＩＣカードリーダライタ装置のブロック図1 is a block diagram of a contactless IC card reader / writer device according to a first embodiment of the present invention. 本発明の第１の実施の形態の非接触ＩＣカードリーダライタ装置の動作説明のためのフロー図The flowchart for operation | movement description of the non-contact IC card reader / writer apparatus of the 1st Embodiment of this invention 本発明の第２の実施の形態の非接触ＩＣカードリーダライタ装置のブロック図The block diagram of the non-contact IC card reader / writer apparatus of the 2nd Embodiment of this invention 本発明の第３の実施の形態の非接触ＩＣカードリーダライタ装置のブロック図The block diagram of the non-contact IC card reader / writer apparatus of the 3rd Embodiment of this invention 本発明の第４の実施の形態の非接触ＩＣカードリーダライタ装置のブロック図The block diagram of the non-contact IC card reader / writer apparatus of the 4th Embodiment of this invention 従来の非接触ＩＣカードリーダライタ装置のブロック図Block diagram of a conventional non-contact IC card reader / writer device

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１ アンテナ
２ 制御回路
３ 変調回路
４ 増幅回路
５ 検波回路
６ 受信回路
７ 送信電力検出回路
８ 送信電力切替回路
９ 記憶回路
１０ タイマ回路
１１ 方向性結合器
１２ 整流回路
１３ 結合コンデンサ
１４ スイッチ（ＳＷ）回路
６１ アンテナ
６２ 制御回路
６３ 変調回路
６４ 増幅回路
６５ 検波回路
６６ 受信回路 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Antenna 2 Control circuit 3 Modulation circuit 4 Amplification circuit 5 Detection circuit 6 Reception circuit 7 Transmission power detection circuit 8 Transmission power switching circuit 9 Memory circuit 10 Timer circuit 11 Directional coupler 12 Rectifier circuit 13 Coupling capacitor 14 Switch (SW) circuit 61 Antenna 62 Control circuit 63 Modulation circuit 64 Amplification circuit 65 Detection circuit 66 Reception circuit

Claims (4)

送信電波の電力を検出する送信電力検出手段と、送信電波の電力の大きさを切り替える送信電力切替手段と、前記送信電力検出手段が検出した送信電波の電力が予め設定された値以下に低下した状態が予め設定された時間続いたとき、前記送信電力切替手段により送信電波の電力を下げる制御手段とを備えることを特徴とする非接触ＩＣカード通信装置。 The transmission power detecting means for detecting the power of the transmission radio wave, the transmission power switching means for switching the magnitude of the power of the transmission radio wave, and the power of the transmission radio wave detected by the transmission power detection means have decreased below a preset value. A non-contact IC card communication device, comprising: a control unit that reduces the power of the transmission radio wave by the transmission power switching unit when the state continues for a preset time. 前記送信電力検出手段が、送信電波の電力に影響を与えずに送信電波の電力を検出するための検出信号を取り出す方向性結合器と、前記検出信号を直流に変換する整流回路とを有することを特徴とする請求項１に記載の非接触ＩＣカード通信装置。 The transmission power detection means includes a directional coupler that extracts a detection signal for detecting the power of the transmission radio wave without affecting the power of the transmission radio wave, and a rectifier circuit that converts the detection signal into a direct current. The non-contact IC card communication device according to claim 1. 前記送信電力検出手段が、送信電波の電力に影響を与えずに送信電波の電力を検出するための検出信号を取り出す結合コンデンサと、前記検出信号を直流に変換する整流回路とを有することを特徴とする請求項１に記載の非接触ＩＣカード通信装置。 The transmission power detection means includes a coupling capacitor that extracts a detection signal for detecting the power of the transmission radio wave without affecting the power of the transmission radio wave, and a rectifier circuit that converts the detection signal into a direct current. The contactless IC card communication device according to claim 1. 前記送信電力切替手段は、送信電波の電力を周期的に出力し、前記送信電波の電力を出力しない時間を変化させることで、送信電波の電力の平均値の大きさを切り替えることを特徴とする請求項１から請求項３までのいずれかに記載の非接触ＩＣカード通信装置。 The transmission power switching means periodically outputs the power of the transmission radio wave, and changes the time during which the power of the transmission radio wave is not output, thereby switching the average value of the power of the transmission radio wave. The non-contact IC card communication device according to any one of claims 1 to 3.
JP2004012196A 2004-01-20 2004-01-20 Non-contact ic card communication equipment Pending JP2005208754A (en)

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JP7291985B1 (en) 2021-11-01 2023-06-16 エイターリンク株式会社 Information processing system, information processing device, information processing method, information processing program, air conditioner, and lighting device
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