JP2005205140A - Larynx optical mirror - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a larynx optical mirror by which endotracheal intubation is easily and rapidly conducted. <P>SOLUTION: The larynx optical mirror comprises: a blade 2 for lifting up epiglottis and visually recognizing glottis; and a grip 3 for operating the blade. The blade includes a light 4 and an optical system 5. The respective parts are integrated. When it is impossible to visually recognize the glottis only by the blade, intubation is hardly conducted. In this case, the glottis is visually recognized through the mounted optical system and the intubation is easily and rapidly conducted by continuous operations to be continued. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

The present invention relates to a laryngoscope, and more particularly to a laryngoscope that enables easy and quick endotracheal intubation.

  Situations where endotracheal intubation is performed are: 1) to administer an inhalation anesthetic during general anesthesia, and 2) to secure the airway in cases of respiratory failure or accidents.

  In any case, considering the need for intubation, rapid intubation is essential. The reason for this is that muscle intubation and sedatives are often administered as pretreatment for intubation during general anesthesia. Of course, during intubation, breathing is stopped, and intubation is performed as quickly as possible. If the procedure is not completed and treatment such as artificial respiration is not started, a serious situation is caused by a decrease in the oxygen concentration in the blood or an increase in the carbon dioxide concentration. In addition, in order to secure the airway in the case of respiratory failure or accident, there are often serious situations already in place when intubation is required, and more rapid intubation is required. In any case, if rapid intubation is not performed, the intubation technique itself may worsen the disease state as a result. Of course, if intubation is unsuccessful, it can be even more fatal. Thus, it is essential that endotracheal intubation be performed quickly, and the time allowed for the intubation operation is small.

  Generally, if the glottis can be directly viewed using a conventional laryngoscope, rapid endotracheal intubation is possible. Typical examples of conventional laryngoscopes are the Macintosh type and the mirror type in terms of the blade type, but if these laryngoscopes can be directly viewed by the glottis, no one can be an extremely useful instrument for intubation operation. Has been widely used in medical facilities such as hospitals and clinics.

  However, intubation becomes extremely difficult if the glottis cannot be viewed directly with a conventional laryngoscope. In that case, intubation has been performed by means of 1) blind endotracheal intubation, 2) McCoy laryngoscope, 3) Brato laryngoscope, 4) prism laryngoscope, 5) bronchoscope, 6) endoscope, etc. It was.

  However, these require special training, experience, or special equipment. In addition, even if the conventional laryngoscope makes it difficult to intubate and switches to these methods, the time allowed for the intubation operation is already wasted. It can't be an intubation. Therefore, a patent for laryngoscope equipped with an optical system is disclosed by Yusaku Ito as an auxiliary device when direct glance cannot be seen (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-564). In the patent publication item, the optical system is presented as an optical viewing tube, but not only the eyepiece portion but also the objective portion has a shape that protrudes greatly from the laryngoscope body into a rod shape. Since the oral cavity, the pharynx and the larynx are narrow cavities formed of soft tissue that is easily damaged by external stimuli, a laryngoscope with a protruding optical canal can be safely and promptly inserted into these cavities. It is considered that considerable skill is required to insert and further use the tube to intubate the tracheal tube, and it is difficult to disseminate to general medical personnel.

Invention disclosure

Problems to be solved by the invention

  In view of such problems of the prior art, firstly, it has a Macintosh type or mirror type laryngoscope form which is widely spread as a basic structure, and secondly, it is time when direct glance cannot be performed. It is an object of the present invention to provide a laryngoscope having an auxiliary function for visually recognizing the glottis as a continuous operation without wasting it, and having almost no protrusion of the structural part to which the auxiliary function is obtained.

Means for solving the problem

  The purpose is to lift the epiglottis and hold a conventional shape that directly looks at the glottis, a grip to operate the blade, a light that can illuminate the glottis attached to the blade, and This is achieved by providing a laryngoscope characterized by comprising an optical system such as a lens capable of directly viewing the glottis attached to the blade.

  The blade, grip, light, and optical system are all integrated to enable a swift series of operations, and the mounted light and optical system have few parts protruding from the blade body, so that the blade can be removed from the oral cavity. It can be safely and quickly inserted into the larynx.

  When the glottis cannot be viewed with the blade alone, and when shifting to visual recognition with the optical system, the direction and position of both lines of sight should be as close as possible in order to enable continuous minimum line-of-sight movement. Features.

The invention's effect

  Thus, according to the present invention, if the glottis can be visually recognized with the blade alone, the tube is intubated as it is, and if it is not visible, the glottis can be visually confirmed through the optical system attached to the blade as a subsequent operation. Can be intubated. In addition, the optical system is installed without changing the shape of the Macintosh and mirror type blades that have been widely used in the past, and there are few structural parts protruding from the blade, and insertion from the oral cavity to the pharynx and larynx And the operation can be performed safely and quickly.

  That is, (1) The shape of the widely used Macintosh type and mirror type laryngoscopes including the blade is hardly changed and can be used without special training. (2) The optical system and the light hardly protrude from the blade, and can be easily and safely operated in a narrow cavity formed of soft tissue. (3) In the case where intubation is difficult due to the fact that the glottis cannot be confirmed with the blade alone, the glottis can be visually recognized with the attached optical system, so that intubation can be performed easily and quickly. (4) The direction and position of the line of sight for visually recognizing the glottis by the blade alone and the line of sight for visually recognizing the glottis by the optical system are very close, and rapid intubation is possible with minimal continuous movement of the line of sight.

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

  The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  1 to 16 show a first embodiment of a laryngoscope according to the present invention.

  A laryngoscope 1 according to the present invention includes a blade 2 that holds a conventional Macintosh type or a mirror type, which lifts the epiglottis and directly recognizes the glottis, a grip 3 for operating the corresponding blade, and a place attached to the corresponding blade. A light 4 capable of illuminating the glottis and an optical system 5 such as a lens capable of directly viewing the glottis attached to the blade.

  The blade 2 is made of a rigid material such as a metal or a synthetic resin so that the glottis can be visually recognized by lifting the epiglottis, and is formed in an arc or a straight line with a predetermined width according to the shape of the human larynx. Consists of things.

  The width of the blade 2 is changed so that the width decreases from the proximal end to the distal end, and the surface is formed smoothly so that it can easily enter the larynx from the pharynx.

  It is formed by installing a light 4 at a substantially middle portion of the blade 2.

  The light 4 is installed in a shape and position where light from the light can be prevented from entering directly into the field of view of the optical system, and in a shape with almost no protruding portion inside the blade 2.

In the light 4, when the light source 6 is installed at the same site, the power cable 7 of the light source passes through the light source power cable guide tube 8 along the outside of the blade 2 and is connected to the power source 9 in the grip 3. Is formed. When the light source 6 of the light 4 is installed inside the grip 3 together with the power source 9, the light emitted from the light source 6 is guided to the light 4 portion through the light guide optical fiber 10 along the outside of the blade 2. It is formed.

  The grip 3 is formed in a cylindrical shape with a thickness that is easy to grip so that it can be easily gripped by a hand and operated on the main body of the blade 2, and a vertical, horizontal, or oblique knurl is formed on the surface thereof.

  The optical system 5 looks at the glottis and its vicinity, and is composed of an objective lens 11, an optical fiber 12, a relay lens 13, and an eyepiece 14 at the most proximal end in order from the distal end.

  The objective lens 11 of the optical system 5 is installed at a substantially central portion of the blade 2 and is formed in a state in which there is almost no protruding portion inside the blade, similar to the light 4.

  When the light source 6 is installed in the light part, the image from the objective lens 11 is guided through the optical fiber 12 along the light source power cable guide tube 8 on the outside of the blade. When the light source 6 is installed inside the grip 3 together with the power source 9, the image is guided along the light guide optical fiber 10 through the optical fiber 12.

  The position of the eyepiece 14 installed at the proximal end of the optical system 5 is the blade proximal end corresponding to the joint between the grip 3 and the blade 2. Thereby, the gaze for visualizing the glottis by the blade 2 alone and the direction and position of the gaze by the optical system 5 are similar to each other, and a quick operation by continuous minimum gaze movement becomes possible.

  The eyepiece 14 of the optical system 5 is embedded in the proximal end of the blade and is formed with almost no protrusion from the blade 2.

  Next, the usage method and operation of the first example of the embodiment of the present invention will be described.

  First, grasp the grip, hold the laryngoscope, lift the epiglottis using a blade, and visually recognize the glottis. Intubate the endotracheal tube while observing the glottis. If the larynx is raised and the glottis cannot be seen, the line of sight is moved to the objective lens of the optical system, through which the glottis is viewed and intubated.

  Next, the 2nd example of embodiment of the laryngoscope of this invention is explained in full detail based on FIGS.

  The blade 2, the grip 3, and the light 4 are the same as in the first embodiment, but the image guiding method between the objective lens 11 and the eyepiece 14 is changed in the optical system.

  Regarding the guidance of the image between the objective lens 11 and the eyepiece lens 14 of the optical system, the image is photoelectrically converted by the imaging camera 16 having the imaging element 15 attached to the rear of the objective lens 11 and the electric signal line 18 is transmitted. It is also possible to be formed by outputting to the display device 17 and guiding to the eyepiece 14 at the proximal end. In that case, the power supply of the imaging camera and the display device is built in the grip and connected to each part by a power cord. The electric signal line 18 is arranged along the light source power cable guide tube 8 or the light source guide optical fiber 10, but if the protrusion from the blade is slight, the arrangement portion can be any portion outside the blade. Also, it can be embedded in the blade.

  The usage and operation of the second example of the embodiment of the present invention are the same as those of the first example.

It is a front view which shows the example of embodiment of the laryngoscope based on this invention. (When the light source is installed in the brace.) It is a right view which shows the example. It is a rear view which shows the example. It is a left view which shows the example. It is a top view which shows the example. It is sectional drawing of the front view which shows the example. It is a front view which shows the example of embodiment of the laryngoscope based on this invention. (When the light source is installed in the grip.) It is a right view which shows the example. It is a rear view which shows the example. It is a left view which shows the example. It is a top view which shows the example. It is sectional drawing of the front view which shows the example. It is a front view which shows the optical system of the example. It is sectional drawing of the front view which shows the optical system of the example. It is an expanded view of sectional drawing (eyepiece part) of the front view which shows the optical system of the example. It is an expanded view of sectional drawing (object part) of the front view which shows the optical system of the example. It is a front view which shows the 2nd example of embodiment of the laryngoscope based on this invention. It is a right view which shows the example. It is a rear view which shows the example. It is a left view which shows the example. It is a top view which shows the example. It is sectional drawing of the front view which shows the example. It is a front view which shows the optical system of the example. It is sectional drawing of the front view which shows the optical system of the example. It is an expanded view of sectional drawing (eyepiece part) of the front view which shows the optical system of the example. It is an expanded view of sectional drawing (object part) of the front view which shows the optical system of the example.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Laryngoscope 2 Blade 3 Grip 4 Light 5 Optical system 6 Light source 7 Light source cable 8 Power supply cable guide tube 9 Power supply 10 Light source guide optical fiber 11 Objective lens 12 Optical fiber 13 Relay lens 14 Eyepiece 15 Video element 16 Video camera 17 Display device 18 Electric signal line

Claims (22)

  Raise the epiglottis, hold a Macintosh or mirror-shaped blade for direct visual recognition of the glottis, a grip for operating the blade, a light that can illuminate the glottal where the blade is attached, and A laryngoscope comprising an optical system such as a lens capable of directly viewing the glottis attached to the blade.   The laryngoscope according to claim 1, wherein the blade, the grip, the light, and the optical system are all integrally formed.   The laryngoscope according to claim 1, wherein the blade is similar to a conventional Macintosh type or mirror type configuration.   4. The laryngoscope according to claim 3, wherein the blade is provided with a light for visually recognizing glottis.   4. The laryngoscope according to claim 3, wherein a light to be mounted has almost no structural portion protruding inside the blade in order to hold the Macintosh type or mirror type blade shape as much as possible.   The laryngoscope according to claim 4, wherein the light is installed at a substantially middle point of the blade.   5. The light according to claim 4, wherein the light has its light source installed at the same location, and the power cable of the light source passes through the light source power cable guide tube along the outside of the blade and is connected to the power source in the grip. Laryngoscope.   5. The laryngoscope according to claim 4, wherein the light must be installed in a shape that prevents light from the light from directly entering the field of view of the optical system.   5. The laryngoscope according to claim 4, wherein the light source is inside the grip together with the power source, and the light emitted from the light source can be guided to the light portion through a light guide optical fiber guided along the outside of the blade.   The laryngoscope according to claim 4, wherein the light source guide optical fiber includes a plurality of optical fibers.   4. The laryngoscope according to claim 3, wherein the optical system to be mounted has almost no structural portion protruding inside the blade in order to hold the Macintosh type or mirror type blade shape as much as possible.   The laryngoscope according to claim 1, wherein the optical system includes an objective lens, an optical fiber, a relay lens, and an eyepiece at the most proximal end in order from the distal end.   The laryngoscope according to claim 12, wherein an objective lens installed at a distal end of the optical system is embedded in a substantially middle portion of the blade.   13. The laryngoscope according to claim 12, wherein an image from the objective lens guides the outside of the blade through an optical fiber to the eyepiece along the light source power cable guide tube.   13. The laryngoscope according to claim 12, wherein a position of an eyepiece lens installed at a proximal end of the optical system is a blade proximal end corresponding to a joint between the grip and the blade.   13. The laryngoscope according to claim 12, wherein the optical fiber of the optical system is composed of a plurality of optical fibers.   An imaging camera equipped with an image sensor is mounted behind the objective lens of the optical system, and the image from the objective lens is photoelectrically converted by the image sensor, and the image signal is transmitted to the blade via an electrical signal line along the outside of the blade. The laryngoscope according to claim 12, wherein the laryngoscope is output to a display device installed at a proximal end and the output image is observed with an eyepiece.   The laryngoscope according to claim 1, wherein the sight line for visually recognizing the glottis by a blade alone and the direction and position of the line of sight for visually recognizing the glottis through the optical system are similar.   The laryngoscope according to claim 1, wherein the blade and the grip can be detachably provided.   The laryngoscope according to claim 1 or 19, wherein the blade and the optical system can be detachably provided.   The laryngoscope according to claim 1, 19 or 20, wherein the blade and the light can be detachably provided.   2. The laryngoscope according to claim 1, wherein all or part of the blade, grip, optical system, and light of the laryngoscope can be disposable, so-called disposable.

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