JP2005203225A - Light guide body and plane light emitting device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To heighten actual brightness distribution in the vicinity of the central part of a light guide body and emit light having high brightness and eliminating color shading or uneven brightness. <P>SOLUTION: An almost columnar recessed incident part 7 is installed at least one line in parallel to a side part 3 in a back part 6, the distance to the facing side part is made equal, the distance between the lines of the incident parts 7 is made equal, or the lines of the incident part 7 near to the side part 3 are made so as to have wider distance. A light deflection element 10 conducting total reflection or refraction so that brightness becomes maximum in the vicinity of the side part 3 is installed on surface part 5 or the back part 6 to obtain brightness in the whole of the light guide body 2. A prism shape is installed on the recessed inside of the incident part or an optional ratio of fine scattering elements are dispersed inside the light guide body 2 to uniformly diffuse light from the incident part 7 inside the light guide body 2. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  In the present invention, a plurality of rows of substantially cylindrical concave incident portions, such as one row or two rows, are provided on the back surface in parallel with the side surface portion, and the distance between the rows of the incident portions is equalized, The column of the incident part closer to the distance is set to a larger distance so that the actual luminance distribution becomes higher near the center part of the light guide, and the vertex of the arbitrary hexagonal shape such that the incident part has regularity. In addition, the height and depth of the concave part of the approximately cylindrical column of the incident part are changed, and the height of the light source is changed to this height, etc. Obtaining incident light, providing a prism shape inside the concave part of the incident part, or dispersing minute scattering elements at an arbitrary ratio in the light guide to diffuse the light from the incident part well within the light guide, etc. Full light from red, green and blue (RGB) light sources Mixing, to a light guide and a plan-emitting device capable of emitting light of high luminance.

  A conventional light guide has a light source near the side surface outside the light guide, and guides light from the side surface into the light guide, or cuts a part of the side and cuts out the light source. Was inserted to guide the light into the light guide.

In addition, the conventional flat light emitting device includes a light source in the vicinity of one side surface or both side surfaces of the light guide, or a notch is provided on one side surface or both side surfaces of the light guide, and the light source is inserted in the notched portion. Or a small light source such as a linear light source or LED is arranged in an array on the side surface of the light guide or in the vicinity of the side surface.
JP-A-10-293202

  The above-mentioned conventional light guide has a light source near the side surface on the outside, guides light from the side surface into the light guide, or inserts a light source at a position where a part of the side surface is cut off. Thus, there is a problem that only about half of the utilization of light is utilized because it is guided into the light guide.

  In addition, the conventional flat light emitting device includes a light source in the vicinity of one side surface or both side surfaces of the light guide, or a notch is provided on one side surface or both side surfaces of the light guide, and the light source is inserted in the notched portion. However, there is a problem that the utilization of light is only used about half because the light source is arranged in the shape of an array of small light sources such as linear light sources and LEDs on the side surface or in the vicinity of the side surface. Moreover, there is a problem that the light is not completely mixed unless the position where light from small red light emission, green light emission, and blue light emission (RGB) light sources such as LEDs is mixed is away from the incident part.

  Further, in the case of a light source in which chip-shaped or shell-shaped LEDs are arranged in an array, there is a problem that spots appear like waves in terms of luminance due to the directivity of the light source itself.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and at least one or more rows of substantially cylindrical concave incident portions are provided in parallel on the back surface portion in parallel with the side surface portions, and the side surface portions facing each other. Are equal, the distance between the rows of the incident portions is equal, or the rows of the incident portions closer to the side portions are made larger in distance, and the actual luminance distribution is higher near the center of the light guide. In addition, a light deflection element that performs total reflection and refraction is provided on the front surface portion and the back surface portion so that the luminance in the vicinity of the side surface is maximized to obtain the luminance of the entire light guide, and has regularity. Provide an incident part so that it becomes the apex of any hexagon or any concentric circle so as to obtain uniform emission light, or control the brightness of the center part, A prism shape is provided inside the concave shape, or it is optional in the light guide. By dispersing the minute scattering elements in proportion, the light from the incident part is diffused well in the light guide, and the light from the red, green, and blue (RGB) light sources such as LEDs is completely mixed and colored An object of the present invention is to provide a light guide and a flat light emitting device capable of emitting high-luminance light free from spots and luminance spots.

  In order to achieve the above object, the light guide according to claim 1 of the present invention is characterized in that a substantially cylindrical concave incident portion is provided on the back surface portion with regularity.

  In the light guide according to the first aspect, the substantially cylindrical concave incident portion is provided on the back surface portion with regularity, so that uniform emitted light can be obtained from the exit surface of the front surface portion.

  Furthermore, the light guide according to claim 2 is characterized in that a plurality of substantially cylindrical concave incident portions are arranged in parallel on the back surface portion in parallel with the side surface portions.

  The light guide according to claim 2 has a plurality of substantially cylindrical concave incident portions arranged in parallel on the back surface portion in parallel with the side surface portion. Therefore, by providing a light source in the substantially cylindrical concave incident portion, the light guide body is parallel to the side surface portion. Light can be deflected in the direction.

  The light guide according to claim 3 is characterized in that a plurality of incident portions are provided so as to form at least one row parallel to the side portions facing each other.

  In the light guide according to the third aspect, the plurality of incident portions are provided so as to form at least one row in parallel to the side portions facing each other, so that one row is symmetrical and parallel to the opposite side portions. Can deflect light.

  Furthermore, the light guide according to claim 4 is characterized in that the incident portion is provided in parallel with every other plurality of the incident portions forming one row.

  In the light guide body according to the fourth aspect, since the incident portions are provided in parallel to one row every other plurality of the incident portions forming one row, between the incident portion and the incident portion in each row. The incident part of the row | line | column which opposes can be obtained.

  In the light guide according to claim 5, when two or more rows of incident portions are provided, the distance between the side surface portion and the row of incident portions close to the side surface portion is larger than the distance between the rows of incident portions. It is characterized in that the distance between the rows of the incident portions is set to be shorter as it is set longer and in the center direction of the side portions facing each other.

  In the light guide according to claim 5, when two or more rows of incident portions are provided, the distance between the side surface portion and the row of incident portions close to the side surface portion is set longer than the distance between the rows of the incident portions. In addition, since the distance between the rows of the incident portions is set shorter as the center direction of the side portions facing each other becomes closer, the luminance near the center direction of the side portions facing each other can be increased.

  Furthermore, the light guide according to claim 6 is provided with a light deflection element that performs total reflection and refraction so that the vicinity of the side surface located parallel to the row of the incident portions is maximized on the front surface portion and / or the back surface portion. It is characterized by that.

  Since the light guide according to claim 6 is provided with a light deflection element that performs total reflection and refraction so that the vicinity of the side surface located parallel to the row of the incident portion is maximized on the front surface portion and / or the back surface portion. The light existing in the light guide is totally reflected and refracted by the front surface and the back surface, so that the light emitted from the output surface can be uniformly emitted to the entire surface of the light guide.

  Further, in the light guide according to claim 7, the vicinity of the side surface portion located in parallel with the row of the incident portion is maximized and the vicinity of the position of the row of the incident portion is minimized on the front surface portion and / or the back surface portion. An optical deflection element that performs total reflection and refraction is provided.

  The light guide according to claim 7 is provided such that the vicinity of the side surface portion located parallel to the rows of the incident portions is maximized and the vicinity of the position of the rows of the incident portions is minimized on the front surface portion and / or the back surface portion. Since a light deflecting element that performs reflection and refraction is provided, the light deflecting element performs total reflection and refraction even at a position away from the column of the incident portion, and light emitted from the exit surface is uniformly emitted to the entire surface of the light guide. be able to.

  Furthermore, the light guide according to claim 8 is provided with a substantially cylindrical concave incident portion on the back surface at a position that becomes each vertex of an arbitrary hexagon or an arbitrary concentric circle. Features.

  The light guide according to claim 8 is provided with a substantially cylindrical concave incident portion on the back surface portion at a position that becomes each vertex of an arbitrary hexagon or an arbitrary concentric circle. By controlling the size of the light guide, the brightness can be controlled regardless of the shape and size of the light guide, or the brightness can be controlled around the center position of the light guide.

  The light guide according to claim 9 is characterized in that a substantially cylindrical concave incident portion is further provided at a hexagonal center or a concentric center.

  In the light guide according to the ninth aspect, since the substantially cylindrical concave incident portion is further provided at the center of the hexagon or the center of the concentric circle, finer emitted light can be reproduced.

  Furthermore, the light guide according to claim 10 is characterized in that the incident portion changes the height or depth of the substantially cylindrical concave shape at an arbitrary position.

  In the light guide according to the tenth aspect, since the incident portion changes the height or depth of the substantially cylindrical concave shape at an arbitrary position, the light source is mounted according to the height or depth of the substantially cylindrical concave shape. can do.

  The light guide according to an eleventh aspect is characterized in that a prism shape is provided inside a substantially cylindrical concave shape of the incident portion.

  In the light guide according to the eleventh aspect, since the prism shape is provided inside the substantially cylindrical concave shape of the incident portion, the light from the light source can be diffused and incident on the light guide.

  Furthermore, the light guide according to claim 12 is a surface that rises linearly or in a curved line from the center of the bottom portion toward the surface portion on the inner side surface from the center of the bottom portion in the substantially cylindrical concave shape of the incident portion. Alternatively, a curved surface is provided and a reflecting portion is provided on the surface or the curved surface portion.

  The light guide according to claim 12 is a surface or curved surface that rises linearly or in a curved manner from the center of the bottom to the surface on the inner side from the center of the bottom to the concave inner surface of the incident portion. Since the reflecting portion is provided on the surface or the curved surface portion, the light from the light source emitted in the surface direction can be radially deflected in the side surface portion direction.

  According to a thirteenth aspect of the present invention, the light guide body is characterized in that the minute scattering elements are dispersed in the light guide body at an arbitrary ratio in order to mix the light from the incident portion inside the light guide body.

  The light guide according to claim 13 disperses the micro scattering elements in the light guide at an arbitrary ratio in order to mix the light from the incident part inside the light guide, so that the light from the incident part is micro scattered. It is possible to make the light uniform by scattering on the element.

  Furthermore, the planar light emitting device according to claim 14 includes a light source for deflecting light from the semiconductor light emitting element by approximately 90 degrees with respect to the emission direction and emitting the light radially, and a substantially cylindrical concave shape having regularity on the back surface portion. A light guide provided with the incident portion, a diffuser for diffusing the light emitted from the light guide on the top of the light guide, and a reflector having reflectivity that covers other than the surface portion on the light emission side of the light guide, or And the light from the light source inserted into the substantially cylindrical concave incident portion provided with regularity on the back surface portion of the light guide to the light guide while proceeding in the direction of the side surface in the light guide. The light emitted from the front surface portion by the provided light deflecting element or the like is further uniformly emitted to the outside by the diffuser, and the light leaked from the back surface portion or the side surface portion of the light guide body is reflected again to the light guide body or the back surface. A uniform outgoing light is obtained by performing total reflection at the part.

  A planar light emitting device according to claim 14 is a light source that deflects light from a semiconductor light emitting element by approximately 90 degrees with respect to the emission direction and emits it radially, and a substantially cylindrical concave incidence with regularity on the back surface. A light guide provided with a portion, a diffuser that diffuses light emitted from the light guide on the top of the light guide, and a reflector or case having reflectivity that covers other than the surface portion on the output side of the light guide The light from the light source inserted into the substantially cylindrical concave incident portion provided with regularity on the back surface of the light guide is provided on the light guide while proceeding in the direction of the side surface in the light guide. The light emitted from the front surface portion by the light deflecting element or the like is emitted more uniformly to the outside by the diffuser, and the light leaked from the back surface portion or the side surface portion of the light guide body is reflected again on the light guide body or by the back surface portion. Uniform emission light can be obtained by total reflection and the light source is provided with regularity. It can be obtained without the emitted light of fit luminance unevenness.

  According to a fifteenth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a planar light emitting device having a light source that emits light by deflecting light from a semiconductor light emitting element by approximately 90 degrees with respect to an emission direction, and a substantially cylindrical concave shape parallel to a side surface portion on a back surface portion. A light guide provided with a plurality of incident portions, a diffuser for diffusing the light emitted from the light guide at the top of the light guide, and a reflector having a reflectivity that covers other than the surface portion on the output side of the light guide, or A light source from a light source inserted into a substantially cylindrical concave incident portion provided in parallel to the side surface on the back surface of the light guide, and provided in the light guide while proceeding in the direction of the side surface in the light guide. The light emitted from the front surface portion by the light deflecting element or the like is further uniformly emitted to the outside by the diffuser, and the light leaking from the back surface portion or the side surface portion of the light guide body is reflected again to the light guide body or the back surface portion. Thus, it is possible to obtain uniform emission light by total reflection.

  A planar light emitting device according to claim 15 includes a light source that deflects light from the semiconductor light emitting element by approximately 90 degrees with respect to the emission direction and emits the light radially, and a substantially cylindrical concave incident portion on the back surface portion parallel to the side surface portion. A plurality of light guides, a diffuser for diffusing light emitted from the light guide at the top of the light guide, and a reflector or case having reflectivity that covers other than the surface of the light guide on the emission side The light provided from the light source inserted in the substantially cylindrical concave incident portion provided in parallel to the side surface on the back surface of the light guide is provided in the light guide while proceeding in the direction of the side surface in the light guide. The light emitted from the front surface portion by the deflecting element or the like is further uniformly emitted to the outside by the diffuser, and the light leaked from the back surface portion or the side surface portion of the light guide body is reflected again by the light guide body or all of the light from the back surface portion. Reflects to obtain uniform emission light and turns the light source on and off Answer speed is fast.

  Furthermore, in the planar light emitting device according to claim 16, the light source has red light emission (R), green light emission (G), and blue light emission at an incident portion provided so as to form at least one row in parallel with the side surfaces facing each other. The semiconductor light emitting elements having three emission colors (B) are placed side by side in the order of RGB.

  According to a sixteenth aspect of the present invention, in the planar light emitting device, the light source has a red light emission (R), a green light emission (G), and a blue light emission (B) at an incident portion provided so as to form at least one row in parallel with the opposing side portions. ) Semiconductor light emitting elements of three emission colors are placed side by side in the order of R, G, and B, the response speed for turning on / off is high, and, for example, horizontal scanning can be performed for field sequential control as a column.

  Further, in the planar light emitting device according to claim 17, red light emission (R), green light emission (G), and a light source are provided in an incident portion provided so as to form at least two or more rows parallel to opposite side portions. The semiconductor light emitting elements of three emission colors of blue light emission (B) are mounted in a staggered manner.

  In the planar light emitting device according to claim 17, the light source has red light emission (R), green light emission (G), and blue light emission at an incident portion provided so as to form at least two or more rows parallel to opposite side portions. Since the three light emitting semiconductor light emitting elements (B) are mounted in a staggered manner, white light emission or the like can be controlled with a triangle connecting RGB as one unit.

  Furthermore, the planar light emitting device according to claim 18 is characterized in that the light source mounts the semiconductor light emitting element of the white light emitting color on the incident portion provided so as to form at least one row in parallel with the opposing side portions. And

  In the planar light emitting device according to claim 18, since the light source has the white light emitting color semiconductor light emitting element mounted on the incident portion provided so as to form at least one row parallel to the opposing side surface portions, The pitch of the incident portions can be reduced.

  According to a nineteenth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a planar light emitting device having a light source for deflecting light from a semiconductor light emitting element by approximately 90 degrees with respect to the emission direction and emitting the light radially, and a position at a hexagonal apex on the back surface as a basic shape. A light guide provided with a substantially cylindrical concave incident portion, a diffuser that diffuses light emitted from the light guide on the top of the light guide, and a reflective property that covers the surface of the light guide other than the surface on the emission side. Light from a light source inserted into a substantially cylindrical concave incident portion provided with a position that becomes the apex of an arbitrary hexagon as a basic shape on the back surface of the light guide. The light emitted from the front surface portion by the light deflector provided in the light guide while proceeding in the direction of the side surface inside the body is further uniformly emitted to the outside by the diffuser, and from the back surface portion and the side surface portion of the light guide. Reflect the leaked light on the light guide again or totally reflect on the back side Characterized in that to obtain an out coupling light.

  The planar light emitting device according to claim 19 is a substantially cylindrical shape having a light source for emitting light from a semiconductor light emitting element radially by deflecting approximately 90 degrees with respect to the emitting direction, and a position at which a hexagonal apex is formed on the back surface as a basic shape. A light guide having a concave incident portion, a diffuser for diffusing the light emitted from the light guide on the top of the light guide, and a reflective material that covers the surface other than the surface on the light exit side of the light guide The light from the light source inserted into the substantially cylindrical concave incident portion provided as a basic shape with a position that becomes the apex of an arbitrary hexagon on the back surface of the light guide Light emitted from the front surface by the light deflector provided on the light guide while proceeding in the direction of the side is further uniformly emitted to the outside by the diffuser and leaked from the back and side surfaces of the light guide Is reflected again on the light guide or totally reflected on the back surface. By controlling the size of the hexagons can obtain a Shako, it can be emitted regardless uniform emission light to the size of the planar light emitting device with high luminance.

  Furthermore, the planar light emitting device according to claim 20 includes a light source that emits light by deflecting light from the semiconductor light emitting element by approximately 90 degrees with respect to the emission direction, and a concave shape so as to have an arbitrary concentric shape on the back surface portion. A light guide provided with an incident portion, a diffuser that diffuses light emitted from the light guide on the top of the light guide, and a reflector or case having reflectivity that covers other than the surface portion on the output side of the light guide And light deflection provided on the light guide while the light from the light source inserted in the substantially cylindrical concave incident portion provided concentrically on the back surface of the light guide proceeds in the direction of the side surface in the light guide. The light emitted from the front surface by the element etc. is emitted more uniformly to the outside by the diffuser, and the light leaked from the back and side surfaces of the light guide is reflected again by the light guide or totally reflected by the back surface. To obtain uniform emitted light.

  A planar light-emitting device according to claim 20 includes a light source that deflects light from the semiconductor light-emitting element by approximately 90 degrees with respect to the emission direction and emits the light radially, and a concave incident portion that has an arbitrary concentric shape on the back surface portion. A light guide provided with a diffuser for diffusing the light emitted from the light guide on the top of the light guide, and a reflector or case having reflectivity that covers other than the surface portion on the light emission side of the light guide A light deflection element provided on the light guide while the light from the light source inserted in the substantially cylindrical concave incident portion provided concentrically on the back surface of the light guide travels in the direction of the side surface in the light guide. The light emitted from the front surface by the diffuser is further uniformly emitted to the outside, and the light leaked from the back and side surfaces of the light guide is reflected again to the light guide or totally reflected by the back surface. Uniform emission light and center position of the flat light emitting device It is possible to control the luminance as.

  The planar light emitting device according to claim 21 is characterized in that the light source is provided at a height corresponding to the height or depth of the incident portion of the light guide at an arbitrary position.

  In the planar light emitting device according to claim 21, since the light source is provided at an arbitrary position at a height corresponding to the height or depth of the incident portion of the light guide, the emitted light amount and luminance of the planar light emitting device can be set at an arbitrary position. Can be controlled.

  In the light guide according to the first aspect, the substantially cylindrical concave incident portion is provided on the back surface portion with regularity, so that uniform emitted light can be obtained from the exit surface of the front surface portion. As a result, it is possible to obtain outgoing light that does not have luminance spots and looks good.

  The light guide according to claim 2 has a plurality of substantially cylindrical concave incident portions arranged in parallel on the back surface portion in parallel with the side surface portion. Therefore, by providing a light source in the substantially cylindrical concave incident portion, the light guide body is parallel to the side surface portion. Light can be deflected in the direction. In addition, the brightness of the emitted light in the vicinity of the line can be made higher than the others.

  In the light guide according to the third aspect, the plurality of incident portions are provided so as to form at least one row in parallel to the side portions facing each other, so that one row is symmetrical and parallel to the opposite side portions. Can deflect light. Thereby, the light from the light source can be used without waste.

  In the light guide body according to the fourth aspect, since the incident portions are provided in parallel to one row every other plurality of the incident portions forming one row, between the incident portion and the incident portion in each row. The incident part of the row | line | column which opposes can be obtained. Thereby, the light from a light source can be supplemented between the incident part and incident part of a mutual row | line | column, and the brightness spot and color spot as a whole can be reduced.

  In the light guide according to claim 5, when two or more rows of incident portions are provided, the distance between the side surface portion and the row of incident portions close to the side surface portion is set longer than the distance between the rows of the incident portions. In addition, since the distance between the rows of the incident portions is set shorter as the center direction of the side portions facing each other becomes closer, the luminance near the center direction of the side portions facing each other can be increased. Thereby, when the whole light guide is observed, the brightness of the central portion of the light guide is high, and it can be made very easy to see as a human visual sensation.

  Since the light guide according to claim 6 is provided with a light deflection element that performs total reflection and refraction so that the vicinity of the side surface located parallel to the row of the incident portion is maximized on the front surface portion and / or the back surface portion. The light existing in the light guide can be uniformly emitted to the entire surface of the light guide by the total reflection and refraction of the light on the front and back surfaces. Thereby, it is possible to obtain bright outgoing light without spots.

  The light guide according to claim 7 is provided such that the vicinity of the side surface portion located parallel to the rows of the incident portions is maximized and the vicinity of the position of the rows of the incident portions is minimized on the front surface portion and / or the back surface portion. Since a light deflecting element that performs reflection and refraction is provided, total reflection and refraction are performed by the light deflecting element even at a position away from the row of incident portions, and light emitted from the light exit surface is uniformly emitted to the entire surface of the light guide. can do. Thereby, it is possible to obtain bright outgoing light without spots.

  The light guide according to claim 8 is provided with a substantially cylindrical concave incident portion on the back surface portion at a position that becomes each vertex of an arbitrary hexagon or an arbitrary concentric circle. If the size of the light guide is controlled, it can be provided regardless of the shape and size of the light guide. In addition, stable and constant outgoing light can be obtained at any position. In addition, when the concave incident portion is provided at a position where it becomes an arbitrary concentric circle, the luminance can be controlled around the center position of the light guide. As a result, for example, a large backlight is required to have higher brightness than the surroundings at the center, but it is possible to obtain outgoing light that looks good as a large backlight.

  In the light guide according to the ninth aspect, since the substantially cylindrical concave incident portion is further provided at the center of the hexagon or the center of the concentric circle, finer emitted light can be reproduced. Thereby, it is possible to obtain emission light having high brightness and no spots.

  In the light guide according to the tenth aspect, since the incident portion changes the height or depth of the substantially cylindrical concave shape at an arbitrary position, the light source is mounted according to the height or depth of the substantially cylindrical concave shape. can do. Thereby, the brightness | luminance and energy of the emitted light from an output surface, and an output position can be controlled.

  In the light guide according to the eleventh aspect, since the prism shape is provided inside the substantially cylindrical concave shape of the incident portion, the light from the light source can be diffused and incident on the light guide. Thereby, the light from a light source can be diffused more uniformly, and a brightness spot and a color spot can be reduced.

  The light guide according to claim 12 is a surface or curved surface that rises linearly or in a curved manner from the center of the bottom to the surface on the inner side from the center of the bottom to the concave inner surface of the incident portion. Since the reflecting portion is provided on the surface or the curved surface portion, the light from the light source emitted in the surface direction can be radially deflected in the side surface portion direction. For this reason, for example, most of the emitted light from the bare chip-shaped semiconductor light emitting element or the like can be deflected radially in the direction of the side surface, and the light can be propagated to the entire light guide.

  The light guide according to claim 13 disperses the micro scattering elements in the light guide at an arbitrary ratio in order to mix the light from the incident part inside the light guide, so that the light from the incident part is micro scattered. It is possible to make the light uniform by scattering on the element. Thereby, for example, light of three primary colors (R, G, B) can be efficiently and uniformly mixed to easily obtain white light.

  A planar light emitting device according to claim 14 is a light source that deflects light from a semiconductor light emitting element by approximately 90 degrees with respect to the emission direction and emits it radially, and a substantially cylindrical concave incidence with regularity on the back surface. A light guide provided with a portion, a diffuser that diffuses light emitted from the light guide on the top of the light guide, and a reflector or case having reflectivity that covers other than the surface portion on the output side of the light guide The light from the light source inserted into the substantially cylindrical concave incident portion provided with regularity on the back surface of the light guide is provided on the light guide while proceeding in the direction of the side surface in the light guide. The light emitted from the front surface portion by the light deflecting element or the like is emitted more uniformly to the outside by the diffuser, and the light leaked from the back surface portion or the side surface portion of the light guide body is reflected again on the light guide body or by the back surface portion. Uniform outgoing light can be obtained by total reflection. In addition, since the light source is provided with regularity, it is possible to obtain outgoing light free from luminance spots. Thereby, the flat light-emitting device which is easy to see and looks good can be obtained.

  A planar light emitting device according to claim 15 includes a light source that deflects light from the semiconductor light emitting element by approximately 90 degrees with respect to the emission direction and emits the light radially, and a substantially cylindrical concave incident portion on the back surface portion parallel to the side surface portion. A plurality of light guides, a diffuser for diffusing light emitted from the light guide at the top of the light guide, and a reflector or case having reflectivity that covers other than the surface of the light guide on the emission side The light provided from the light source inserted in the substantially cylindrical concave incident portion provided in parallel to the side surface on the back surface of the light guide is provided in the light guide while proceeding in the direction of the side surface in the light guide. The light emitted from the front surface portion by the deflecting element or the like is further uniformly emitted to the outside by the diffuser, and the light leaked from the back surface portion or the side surface portion of the light guide body is reflected on the light guide body again, or the back surface portion. Uniform outgoing light can be obtained by total reflection. In addition, since the response speed of turning on and off the light source is fast, it can be provided as a flat light emitting device that is optimal for a field sequential compatible liquid crystal display device or the like.

  According to a sixteenth aspect of the present invention, in the planar light emitting device, the light source has a red light emission (R), a green light emission (G), and a blue light emission (B) at an incident portion provided so as to form at least one row in parallel with the opposing side portions. ) Semiconductor light emitting elements of three emission colors are placed side by side in the order of R, G, and B, the response speed for turning on / off is high, and, for example, horizontal scanning can be performed for field sequential control as a column. Accordingly, it is possible to deal with a field sequential control liquid crystal display device or the like.

  In the planar light emitting device according to claim 17, the light source has red light emission (R), green light emission (G), and blue light emission at an incident portion provided so as to form at least two or more rows parallel to opposite side portions. Since the three light emitting semiconductor light emitting elements (B) are mounted in a staggered manner, white light emission or the like can be controlled with a triangle connecting RGB as one unit. Thereby, generation | occurrence | production of the brightness spot as white can be prevented.

  In the planar light emitting device according to claim 18, since the light source has the white light emitting color semiconductor light emitting element mounted on the incident portion provided so as to form at least one row parallel to the opposing side surface portions, The pitch of the incident portions can be reduced. Thereby, clear white can be obtained and a delicate display can be performed.

  The planar light emitting device according to claim 19 is a substantially cylindrical shape having a light source for emitting light from a semiconductor light emitting element radially by deflecting approximately 90 degrees with respect to the emitting direction, and a position at which a hexagonal apex is formed on the back surface as a basic shape. A light guide having a concave incident portion, a diffuser for diffusing the light emitted from the light guide on the top of the light guide, and a reflective material that covers the surface other than the surface on the light exit side of the light guide The light from the light source inserted into the substantially cylindrical concave incident portion provided as a basic shape with a position that becomes the apex of an arbitrary hexagon on the back surface of the light guide Light emitted from the front surface by the light deflector provided on the light guide while proceeding in the direction of the side is further uniformly emitted to the outside by the diffuser and leaked from the back and side surfaces of the light guide Is reflected again on the light guide or totally reflected on the back side. It is possible to obtain output light. In addition, by controlling the size of the hexagon, it is possible to emit uniform emitted light with high brightness regardless of the size of the flat light emitting device.

  A planar light-emitting device according to claim 20 includes a light source that deflects light from the semiconductor light-emitting element by approximately 90 degrees with respect to the emission direction and emits the light radially, and a concave incident portion that has an arbitrary concentric shape on the back surface portion. A light guide provided with a diffuser for diffusing the light emitted from the light guide on the top of the light guide, and a reflector or case having reflectivity that covers other than the surface portion on the light emission side of the light guide A light deflection element provided on the light guide while the light from the light source inserted in the substantially cylindrical concave incident portion provided concentrically on the back surface of the light guide travels in the direction of the side surface in the light guide. The light emitted from the front surface by the diffuser is more uniformly emitted to the outside, and the light leaked from the back and side surfaces of the light guide is reflected again to the light guide, or the back surface is totally reflected. And uniform emission light can be obtained. In addition, since the luminance can be controlled around the center position of the flat light emitting device, it is possible to obtain emitted light having a good appearance such as a large flat light emitting device.

  In the planar light emitting device according to claim 21, since the light source is provided at an arbitrary position at a height corresponding to the height or depth of the incident portion of the light guide, the emitted light amount and luminance of the planar light emitting device can be set at an arbitrary position. Can be controlled. Thereby, the freedom degree of design becomes large and a wide variety of planar light-emitting devices can be designed.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the present invention, a substantially cylindrical concave incident portion is provided on the back surface of the light guide with regularity, or the substantially cylindrical concave incident portion is formed in one or two rows in parallel with the side surface portion. Multiple rows as shown above, equalizing the distance between the rows of the incident portions to emit light uniformly from the exit surface of the front surface portion, increasing the distance of the rows of the incident portion closer to the side surface portion, By providing the incident part with the position of each hexagonal apex in the base as a basic shape, or by providing it in an arbitrary concentric shape, the actual luminance distribution becomes higher near the center of the light guide It is another object of the present invention to provide a light guide and a flat light emitting device capable of controlling the luminance distribution and obtaining high-luminance outgoing light free from luminance unevenness.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a planar light emitting device according to the present invention, FIGS. 2A and 2B are schematic cross-sectional views and a schematic locus of light according to the present invention, and FIG. FIG. 4A to FIG. 4D are schematic plan views of various light guides according to the present invention on the back side, and FIG. 5A to FIG. 5C. FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view from the side of the various incident portions of the light guide according to the present invention, and FIGS. 6A and 6B are schematic views from the back of the various incident portions of the light guide according to the present invention. 7A and 7B are schematic plan views on the back side of various light guides according to the present invention, and FIGS. 8A and 8B are the back surfaces of various light guides according to the present invention. FIG. 9A and FIG. 9B are schematic cross-sectional views from the side surface side of various incident portions of the light guide according to the present invention.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the flat light emitting device 1 includes a light source 11 in a concave incident portion 7 provided on the back surface portion 6 of the light guide 2, and a diffuser 9 provided on the light guide 2. A reflector or case 8 is provided below the light body 2.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the substantially cylindrical concave incident portions 7 on which the light source 11 is mounted are arranged in parallel on the back surface portion 6 in parallel with the side surface portion 3 (two rows in FIG. 1). In the example of FIG. 1, the distances between the two side surface parts 3 in the longitudinal direction facing each other and the two rows of the incident portions 7 are equal (the distance in the short direction of the light guide 2).

  The light guide 2 is made of transparent acrylic resin (PMMA) or polycarbonate (PC) having a refractive index of about 1.4 to 1.7. The light guide 2 includes a front surface portion 5 that emits light, a back surface portion 6 that is positioned opposite to the front surface portion 5, and side surface portions 3 and 4 that are connected to the front surface portion 5 and the back surface portion 6 at substantially right angles (illustrated). In this example, the side surface portion 3 is used as the longitudinal direction and the side surface portion 4 is used as the short side direction, and it is formed in a rectangular shape having a constant thickness and specularity. On the back surface portion 6 of the light guide 2, a plurality of substantially cylindrical concave incident portions 7 are provided in parallel with the side surface portion 3. The light deflector 2 is provided with a light deflection element 10 formed of grooves, irregularities, or the like that performs total reflection or refraction on the front surface 5 and the back surface 6 of the light guide 2.

  The incident portion 7 can be provided, for example, as shown in FIGS. In the example of FIG. 4A, a plurality of rows of incident portions 7 are provided at equal intervals in parallel with the side surface portion 3 in the middle of the side surface portions 3 facing each other in the row direction (longitudinal direction of the light guide 2). . In the example of FIG. 4B, the intervals in the columns (short direction of the light guide 2) are evenly arranged between the side portions 3 facing each other in the row direction (longitudinal direction of the light guide 2) (interval L in FIG. 4). ) And two rows of a plurality of incident portions 7 are provided at equal intervals. In the example of FIG. 4C, a plurality of incident portions 7 are provided between the side surface portions 3 facing each other in the row direction (longitudinal direction of the light guide 2), and a plurality of incident portions 7 forming one column are defined as one. It is provided in parallel every other row. In other words, the incident portions 7 are provided so as to be arranged in alternating rows, that is, in a so-called staggered pattern. In the example of FIG. 4 (d), the distance between the columns (side direction of the light guide 2) between the side parts 3 facing each other in the row direction (longitudinal direction of the light guide 2) is L1, L2, L2, L1. As shown in FIG. As described above, when two or more rows of the incident portions 7 are provided and there is no regularity, the distance between the side surface portion 3 and the row of the incident portions 7 closer to the side surface portion 3 is set to each other. The distance between the rows of the incident portions 7 is set to be shorter than the distance between the rows. And the arrangement position of the incident part 7 with which these light sources 11 are mounted | worn is changed. As a result, various effects can be obtained without changing parameters such as the pitch of the light sources 11 (intervals in the rows of the light guides 2) and the intervals between the light deflection elements 10 and the columns.

In the light guide 2, the light incident from the incident portion 7 is in the light guide 2 within a range of the refraction angle γ satisfying 0 ≦ | γ | ≦ sin ⁻¹ (1 / n) γ = 0 ° to ± 42 °. Continue on. Further, at the boundary surface between the light guide 2 and the air layer (refractive index n = 1), sin θ = (1 / n) and the critical angle α = 42 °, and when the incident angle is larger than the critical angle, Unless it reflects and breaks the critical angle, it is confined in the light guide 2 and cannot escape from the light guide 2.

  2A is a cross-sectional view of the light guide 2 from the side surface 4 direction, and FIG. 3 is a plan view of the back surface portion 6 direction. As shown in FIG. 2A and FIG. 3, the light L0 traveling from the incident portion 7 into the light guide 2 is applied to the front surface portion 5 and the back surface portion 6 of the light guide 2 as described above. Unless light is deflected by a light deflecting element 10 such as a groove or unevenness provided, total reflection is repeated on the front surface portion 5 and the back surface portion 6, and the light source 11 provided in the incident portion 7 emits red light (R) and green light (G). Each of red, green, and blue from the three light emitting semiconductor light emitting elements of blue light emission (B) is completely white light while repeating total reflection in the light guide 2.

  Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 7, the light guide 2 is provided with a substantially cylindrical concave incident portion 7 on the back surface portion 6 side at a position where each hexagonal vertex is an arbitrary hexagonal shape. Can do. In this way, if the substantially cylindrical concave incident portion 7 is provided at a position where each hexagonal shape is a hexagonal shape, the emitted light from the emission surface (surface portion 5) is always constant and uniform. Can be obtained.

  Further, by controlling the size of the hexagon, it can be provided regardless of the shape and size of the light guide 2, and stable and constant emitted light can be obtained at any position. Moreover, if the size is partially changed, for example, if the hexagonal size is reduced as it approaches the center position of the light guide 2, the emitted light increases as it approaches the center position of the light guide 2. The closer you are, the brighter it can be.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 7B, the basic structure of the light guide 2 is to provide a substantially cylindrical concave incident portion 7 on the back surface portion 6 side at a position where each vertex of an arbitrary hexagon is formed. In addition, a substantially cylindrical concave incident portion 7 can be provided at the center of the hexagon.

  Thus, by providing the substantially cylindrical concave incident portion 7 at the center of the hexagon, the emission density is increased, and brighter emission light can be obtained.

  Although not shown here, if a substantially cylindrical concave incident portion 7 is provided also in the hexagonal center only near the center of the light guide 2, the emitted light becomes closer to the center position of the light guide 2. Can be brightened the closer to the center.

  Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 8, the light guide 2 can be provided with a substantially cylindrical concave incident portion 7 on the back surface portion 6 side so as to have an arbitrary concentric shape.

  Thus, if the substantially cylindrical concave incident portion 7 is provided in an arbitrary concentric shape, the emitted light becomes constant, and uniform emitted light can be obtained.

  In addition, by controlling the size of the concentric circles, it is possible to control the luminance. If the size is partially changed, for example, if the size of the concentric circles is reduced toward the center position of the light guide 2, The closer to the center of the light body 2, the more emitted light, and the closer to the center, the brighter it can be.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 8B, the light guide 2 is provided with a substantially cylindrical concave incident portion 7 in an arbitrary concentric circle, and a substantially cylindrical concave incident portion 7 is also provided at the center of the concentric circle. Can be provided.

  As described above, by providing the substantially cylindrical concave incident portion 7 at the center of the concentric circle, the emission density is increased and brighter emission light can be obtained.

  Although not shown here, if a substantially cylindrical concave incident portion 7 is provided at the center of the concentric circle only in the vicinity of the center of the light guide 2, the emitted light becomes closer to the center position of the light guide 2. The more you get, the brighter you get closer to the center.

  In this way, by controlling the size of the hexagon and the concentric circle, or by providing the incident portion 7 at the center of the hexagon and the concentric circle, it is possible to reproduce a finer emitted light, with high brightness and uneven spots. No outgoing light can be obtained. Moreover, by controlling the brightness around the center position of the light guide, even if it is required that the brightness of the central part is higher than the surroundings, such as a large backlight, it looks good as a large backlight. Good outgoing light can be obtained.

  Further, as can be seen from FIG. 4, the incident portion 7 has a substantially cylindrical concave shape as shown in FIG. 5A, and the light source 11 provided in the incident portion 7 is a semiconductor light emitting element. Light travels radially (in all directions) from the portion 7 into the light guide 2 and light of different colors is immediately mixed.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 5 (b), the concave inner bottom 7b of the incident portion 7 is provided with a curved surface 7c that rises in a curve from the center of the bottom 7b toward the surface 5 on the inner side surface 7a. It can be set as the structure which provides a reflection part in a part. According to this configuration, for example, in the case of a bare chip-shaped semiconductor light emitting device, the emitted light is emitted from the four side surfaces and the upper surface, so that the emitted light from the upper surface travels in the direction of the surface portion 5, but the rising curved surface 7c The light is reflected in the direction of the side 7 a, is incident on the light guide 2 from the side 7 a, is deflected radially, and can propagate light to the entire light guide 2.

  Similarly, as shown in FIG. 5C, a surface 7d linearly rising from the center of the bottom portion 7b in the direction of the surface portion 5 on the inner side surface 7a is provided, and a reflecting portion is provided in this portion. You can also. For example, in the case of a bare chip-shaped semiconductor light emitting device or the like, the emitted light is emitted from the four side surfaces and the upper surface, so that the emitted light from the upper surface proceeds in the direction of the surface portion 5, but is reflected in the direction of the side surface 7a by the rising surface 7d. The light can be incident on the light guide 2 from the side surface 7a and deflected radially, and light can be propagated throughout the light guide 2.

  Moreover, as shown to Fig.6 (a), the incident part 7 can be set as the structure which provides a prism shape inside concave shape. For example, when the light source 11 is a light source that deflects approximately 90 degrees with respect to the concave inner bottom portion 7b of the incident portion 7 and emits radially, a prism shape is provided on the concave inner side surface 7a of the incident portion 7, Diffused light obtained by diffusing light farther on this prism-shaped surface can be obtained.

  Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 6B, the incident portion 7 is provided with a prism shape on the concave inner bottom portion 7b so that the apex angle extends from the center of the bottom portion 7b toward the inner side surface side 7a. In the same manner as described above, a reflecting portion may be provided. According to this configuration, for example, in the case of a bare chip-shaped semiconductor light emitting device, the emitted light is emitted from the four side surfaces and the upper surface, so that the emitted light from the upper surface travels in the direction of the surface portion 5, but diffuses on the prism-shaped surface. However, light can be propagated radially to the entire light guide 2.

  In addition, the reflection part provided in the bottom part 7b, the bottom part 7c, and the prism-shaped part described above was subjected to sputtering or plating with a metal having excellent reflectivity after forming the light guide 2, or had a reflectivity with a metal or the like. A thin film sheet or the like may be attached, or a thin film sheet or the like having reflectivity may be insert molded when the light guide 2 is injection molded.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 9, the light guide 2 can be provided with the incident portion 7 on the back surface portion 6 of the light guide 2 by changing the height or depth of the substantially cylindrical concave shape at an arbitrary position. .

  For example, in FIG. 9, a substantially cylindrical concave height (depth) incident portion 7 h (7) is provided near the center position of the light guide 2, and a substantially cylindrical concave shape is provided at a position far from the center position. An incident portion 7L (7) having a low (shallow) height (depth) is provided. Thereby, the closer to the center position of the light guide 2, the more emitted light becomes, and the closer to the center portion, the brighter the light can be.

  In addition, the position of the light source 11 can be adjusted and placed according to the substantially cylindrical concave height (depth) of the incident portion 7.

  Therefore, since the light source 11 is provided at an arbitrary position at a height corresponding to the height or depth of the incident portion 7 of the light guide 2, the emitted light amount and luminance of the flat light emitting device 1 can be controlled at an arbitrary position. it can.

  The light guide 2 can be provided with a large number of light deflection elements 10 that perform total reflection and refraction on the front surface portion 5 and the back surface portion 6. For example, if the light deflection element 10 is provided so that the vicinity of the side surface portion 3 positioned parallel to the row of the incident portions 7 is maximized, the light existing in the light guide 2 is totally reflected by the front surface portion 5 and the back surface portion 6. By refraction, the outgoing light from the outgoing surface (surface portion 5) can be emitted uniformly over the entire surface portion 5 of the light guide 2, and bright outgoing light without spots can be obtained.

  Further, the light deflection element 10 is provided on the front surface portion 5 and the back surface portion 6 so that the vicinity of the side surface portion 3 positioned parallel to the row of the incident portions 3 is maximized and the vicinity of the position of the row of the incident portions 7 is minimized. Then, total reflection and refraction are performed by the light deflection element 10 even at a position away from the row of the incident portions 7, and the emitted light from the emission surface can be uniformly emitted to the entire surface portion 5 of the light guide 2. It is possible to obtain bright outgoing light without spots.

  The light deflection element 10 only needs to have an inclined surface in the direction of the light source 11. For example, in addition to the arc shape, the kamaboko shape, and the triangular prism shape, the cross-sectional shape is an inverted triangle, a rectangle, an arc, etc. The shape and size can be freely selected. The light deflection element 10 may have a shape other than the above as long as it has an inclined surface at a concentric position from the plurality of light sources 11.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 2 (a), two rows of the incident portions 7 are incident on the side portion 3 between the side portions 3 facing each other and facing the rows of the incident portions 7 provided on the back surface portion 6 of the light guide 2. When the intervals between the rows of the portions 7 are made uniform, the light traveling from the respective incident portions 7 into the light guide 2 is within the light guide 2 at the refraction angle γ = 0 ° to ± 42 ° as described above. Go radially (in all directions). And since the thickness of the light guide 2 is constant, light sources having different emission colors can be obtained while reaching the corners of the light guide 2 while repeating total reflection at the front surface portion 5 and the back surface portion 6 without causing taper leak. The light from is mixed. The light reaching the light deflection element 10 a provided on the surface portion 5 is refracted, breaks the critical angle α, and is emitted to the outside of the surface portion 5. At this time, since the light from the light source is radial and traveling in all directions, the emitted light is emitted as mixed light. For example, white light can be obtained by red light, green light, and blue light. Further, the light reaching the light deflection element 10 b provided on the back surface portion 6 is totally reflected, proceeds in the direction of the surface portion 5, and is emitted to the outside of the surface portion 5. At this time, the emitted light is emitted as mixed light in the same manner as described above. Further, the light totally reflected by the light deflecting element 10b has a different angle of total reflection depending on the traveling direction of the light toward the light deflecting element 10b, and the exit angle emitted from the surface portion 5 is also different. Output light having no directivity and no luminance spots or color spots can be obtained.

  Furthermore, although not shown in the drawing, the light guide 2 scatters the light from the incident part 7 by reflecting or refracting the light from the incident portion 7 in the random direction inside the light scattering body at an arbitrary ratio. The light travels through the light guide 2 so that the light can be mixed more uniformly in the light guide 2. For example, red light, green light, and blue light can be mixed and light can be mixed efficiently and uniformly to obtain white light easily, and outgoing light free from luminance spots and color spots can be obtained.

  The minute scattering element is made of a resin different from the refractive index of the light guide 2 or a metal powder having reflectivity. This micro-scattering element is mixed and molded together with pellets of acrylic resin (PMMA) or polycarbonate (PC) resin when the light guide 2 is injection molded.

  Although not shown, the light source 11 has a cylindrical shape made of transparent resin or the like in the light emission direction from the semiconductor light emitting element, and is cut out in an inverted conical shape at the upper center thereof with respect to the emission direction of the semiconductor light emitting element itself. It can be deflected approximately 90 degrees and emitted radially.

  Furthermore, the light source 11 has a cylindrical shape made of a transparent resin or the like in the light emission direction from the semiconductor light emitting element, and an upper surface of the light source 11 widens outward from the lower cylinder, and an inclined surface portion notched in an inverted conical shape at the upper center; In the shape having the inclined surface portion in the lower direction facing this, it can be emitted radially by being deflected by approximately 90 degrees with respect to the emission direction of the semiconductor light emitting element 11 itself. Moreover, these semiconductor light emitting elements are mounted in a row on an insulating substrate.

  Further, the light source 11 is formed by depositing gold or the like on an inclined surface portion cut out for total reflection or an inclined surface portion in a lower direction facing the light source 11 or applying barium titanate having a good light reflectivity. Thus, the light from the semiconductor light emitting element may be reflected efficiently.

  As the semiconductor light-emitting element of the light source 11, a high-intensity light-emitting element made of a semiconductor chip of a compound such as a quaternary compound or an InGaAlP-based, InGaAlN-based, or InGaN-based compound can be used. The semiconductor light emitting element in this case is monochromatic light of red light emission, green light emission, and blue light emission. Further, using a wavelength conversion material, for example, by exciting a blue light emitting semiconductor light emitting element and the blue light emitting semiconductor light emitting element, and mixing a yellow light emission color and a blue light emission color by a yellow light emitting fluorescent material as the wavelength conversion material. White light emission may be used.

  Further, when the emitted light is in the ultraviolet region, the semiconductor light emitting element of the light source 11 is excited by the ultraviolet light of the semiconductor light emitting element to convert the wavelength to the substantially cylindrical concave emitting portion 7 provided in the light guide 2 and emits red light. The light source 11 that emits light in the ultraviolet region may be covered with a mixture of fluorescent materials that emit light, green light, and blue light, or a resin that includes these fluorescent materials that emit RGB light.

  The reflector 8 or the case 8 is a sheet-like metal or a sheet metal made by depositing a metal foil such as aluminum on a sheet of thermoplastic resin mixed with a white material such as titanium oxide or a sheet of thermoplastic resin. Consists of.

  The reflector 8 or the case 8 covers a portion other than the surface portion 5 (corresponding to the emission surface here) of the light guide 2 and reflects light such as leaked light other than that emitted to the light source 11 and the surface portion 5. Alternatively, the light is irregularly reflected, and the reflected or irregularly reflected light is again incident on the light guide 2 so that all the light from the light source 11 is emitted from the surface portion 5.

  In particular, for example, the sheet-like reflector 8 may be covered over the entire surface excluding the semiconductor light-emitting element 11 on the surface of the substrate on which the semiconductor light-emitting elements 11 (not shown) are arranged in a row as the reflector 8. Further, the substrate itself (not shown) may be used as the reflector 8, and the semiconductor light emitting element 11 may be placed thereon.

  The diffuser 9 is made of a transparent colorless resin such as a transparent acrylic resin (PMMA) or polycarbonate (PC). The diffuser 9 has fine irregularities on the front and back surfaces, and these fine irregularities may diffuse one light beam in a random direction when light passes, making a strong luminance part, a dark part, etc. inconspicuous. it can. The fine unevenness is provided randomly or with regularity (for example, a prism).

  As described above, the planar light emitting device 1 has regularity on the back surface portion 6 of the light guide 2 with the light source 11 that deflects the light from the semiconductor light emitting element approximately 90 degrees with respect to the emission direction and emits it radially, for example. In addition, a substantially cylindrical concave incident portion is provided at a position based on the position of each hexagonal apex on the back surface of the light guide, or a substantially cylindrical concave incident portion is provided concentrically. The light source 11 is inserted into the incident portion, or the substantially cylindrical concave incident portion 7 is inserted into the rear surface portion 6 in parallel with the side surface portion 3 into the incident portion 7 provided with a plurality of central rows and rows of the light guide 2. Then, the light from the light source 11 is efficiently emitted from the surface portion 5 of the light guide 2 by total reflection or refraction by the light deflection element 10 provided in the light guide 2 while traveling in the direction of the side surface portion 3 in the light guide 2. When the diffused light is diffused by the diffuser 9 provided on the upper part of the light guide 2 and emitted to the outside more uniformly, In addition, the reflector or case 8 provided on the back surface portion 6 of the light guide body 2 causes the light guide body 2 to reflect light leaked from the back surface portion 6 or the side surface portions 3 and 4 of the light guide body 2 again, or the back surface portion. 6 can be totally reflected to obtain uniform outgoing light. For this reason, it is possible to obtain perfect white light by mixing light of three primary colors of RGB without color spots, for example, with high brightness and no spots. Moreover, since it is a flat light emitting device 1 using semiconductor light emitting elements, the response speed of turning on / off is high, and therefore it can be provided as a flat light emitting device 1 that is optimal for a field sequential compatible liquid crystal display device or the like.

1 is a schematic perspective view of a flat light emitting device according to the present invention. (A), (b) It is a schematic sectional drawing of the light guide which concerns on this invention, and a locus map of light. FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view of a light guide according to the present invention and a trace diagram of light. (A)-(d) It is a schematic plan view by the side of the back surface part of the various light guides which concern on this invention. (A)-(c) It is a schematic sectional drawing from the side part side of the various incident parts of the light guide which concerns on this invention. (A), (b) It is a schematic sectional drawing from the back surface part side of the various incident parts of the light guide which concerns on this invention. (A), (b) It is a schematic plan view by the side of the back surface part of the various light guides which concern on this invention. (A), (b) It is a schematic plan view by the side of the back surface part of the various light guides which concern on this invention. (A), (b) It is a schematic sectional drawing from the side part side of various incident parts of a light guide concerning the present invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Planar light-emitting device 2 Light guide 3, 4 Side surface part 5 Front surface part 6 Back surface part 6a, 6b Prism 7 Incident part 7a Side surface side 7b, 7c, 7d Bottom part 8 Reflector or case 9 Diffuser 10, 10a, 10b Light deflection Element 11 Light source L0 Ray

Claims (21)

In the light guide having a specularity composed of a front surface portion that emits light, a back surface portion that is positioned opposite thereto, and a side surface portion that is connected to the front surface portion and the back surface portion at a substantially right angle,
A light guide having a regular cylindrical concave incident portion on the back surface portion with regularity. In a rectangular light guide having a specularity composed of a front surface portion that emits light, a back surface portion that is opposite to this, and a side surface portion that is connected to the front surface portion and the back surface portion at a substantially right angle,
A light guide having a plurality of substantially cylindrical concave incident portions arranged in parallel to the side surface portion on the back surface portion. 3. The light guide according to claim 2, wherein a plurality of the incident portions are provided so as to form at least one row in parallel with the side portions facing each other. The light guide according to claim 2, wherein the incident portion is provided with a plurality of the incident portions arranged in one row in parallel to the one row. When two or more rows of the incident portions are provided, the distance between the side portion and the row of the incident portions close to the side portion is set longer than the distance between the rows of the incident portions and faces each other. The light guide according to claim 2, wherein the distance between the rows of the incident portions is set to be shorter toward the center of the side surface portion. The light deflection element that performs total reflection and refraction is provided on the front surface portion and / or the back surface portion so as to maximize the vicinity of the side surface portion that is parallel to the row of the incident portions. 2. The light guide according to 2. The front surface portion and / or the back surface portion is subjected to total reflection and refraction so that the vicinity of the side surface portion located in parallel with the row of incident portions is maximized and the vicinity of the position of the row of incident portions is minimized. 3. The light guide according to claim 2, further comprising a light deflecting element for performing the operation. In the light guide having a specularity composed of a front surface portion that emits light, a back surface portion that is positioned opposite thereto, and a side surface portion that is connected to the front surface portion and the back surface portion at a substantially right angle,
A light guide, wherein a substantially cylindrical concave incident portion is provided on the back surface at a position where each vertex of an arbitrary hexagon is formed or an arbitrary concentric shape. 9. The light guide according to claim 8, wherein the substantially cylindrical concave incident portion is further provided at the center of the hexagon or the center of the concentric circle. The guide according to any one of claims 1, 2, 8, and 9, wherein the incident portion changes a concave height or depth of the substantially cylindrical shape at an arbitrary position. Light body. The light guide according to claim 1, wherein the incident portion is provided with a prism shape inside the concave shape of the substantially cylindrical shape. The incident portion is provided with a surface or a curved surface that rises linearly or in a curved manner from the center of the bottom portion toward the surface portion on the inner side surface from the bottom portion in the surface portion direction on the concave inner side of the substantially cylindrical shape. The light guide according to any one of claims 1, 2, 8, and 9, wherein a reflecting portion is provided on a surface or the curved surface portion. The said light guide disperse | distributes a micro scattering element in the said light guide in arbitrary ratios in order to mix the light from the said incident part inside. The light guide according to claim 9. A light source that deflects light from the semiconductor light emitting element by approximately 90 degrees with respect to the emission direction and emits the light radially, a light guide that has a regular cylindrical concave incident portion on the back surface, and A diffusing body for diffusing the light emitted from the light guide, and a reflective body or case having a reflectivity other than the surface portion on the light exit side of the light guide; Light provided to the light guide while light from the light source inserted in a substantially cylindrical concave incident portion provided with regularity on the back surface of the light body proceeds in the direction of the side surface in the light guide. The light emitted from the front surface portion by the deflecting element or the like is emitted more uniformly to the outside by the diffuser, and the light leaking from the back surface portion or the side surface portion of the light guide body is reflected again by the light guide body or the back surface. Flat light emitting device characterized in that uniform emission light is obtained by total reflection at the part A light source that deflects light from the semiconductor light emitting element approximately 90 degrees with respect to the emission direction and emits the light radially, a light guide body provided with a plurality of substantially cylindrical concave incident portions parallel to the side surface portion on the back surface portion, and A diffusing body for diffusing the light emitted from the light guide, and a reflective body or case having a reflectivity other than the surface portion on the light exit side of the light guide; A light deflection element provided in the light guide while light from the light source inserted in a substantially cylindrical concave incident portion provided in parallel with the side surface on the back surface of the light body proceeds in the direction of the side surface in the light guide. The light emitted from the front surface portion by the diffuser is more uniformly emitted to the outside by the diffuser, and the light leaking from the back surface portion or the side surface portion of the light guide body is reflected again by the light guide body or at the back surface portion. A flat light emitting device characterized in that uniform outgoing light is obtained by total reflection. The light source has three emission colors of red light emission (R), green light emission (G), and blue light emission (B) at the incident portion provided so as to form at least one row parallel to the side surface portions facing each other. 16. The flat light emitting device according to claim 15, wherein the semiconductor light emitting elements are mounted side by side in the order of RGB. The light source has three light emission of red light emission (R), green light emission (G), and blue light emission (B) at the incident portion provided so as to form at least two rows in parallel with the side surface portions facing each other. 16. The flat light emitting device according to claim 15, wherein the colored semiconductor light emitting elements are mounted in a staggered manner. 16. The planar light emitting device according to claim 15, wherein the light source has a white light emitting semiconductor light emitting element mounted on the incident portion provided so as to form at least one row parallel to the side surface portions facing each other. apparatus. A light source in which light from a semiconductor light emitting element is deflected by approximately 90 degrees with respect to the emission direction and emitted radially, and a light guide provided with a substantially cylindrical concave incident portion on the back surface at a position that becomes the vertex of a hexagon. A diffuser for diffusing the light emitted from the light guide on the light guide, and a reflector or case having reflectivity that covers other than the surface portion on the light emission side of the light guide. Then, the light from the light source inserted into the substantially cylindrical concave incident portion provided as a basic shape with a position that becomes the apex of an arbitrary hexagon on the back surface portion of the light guide is in the direction of the side surface in the light guide The light emitted from the front surface portion by the light deflecting element or the like provided on the light guide body while proceeding to the step is further uniformly emitted to the outside by the diffuser and leaked from the back surface portion or the side surface portion of the light guide body Is reflected again on the light guide or totally reflected on the back surface. Flat light emitting device characterized by obtaining a uniform emission light by. A light source for deflecting light from the semiconductor light emitting element by approximately 90 degrees with respect to the emission direction and emitting the light radially, a light guide having a concave incident portion on the back surface so as to be concentric, and the light guide A light diffuser for diffusing the light emitted from the light guide, and a reflector or case having reflectivity covering the surface other than the surface portion on the light emission side of the light guide; The light from the light source inserted into the substantially cylindrical concave incident portion provided concentrically on the back surface of the body is surfaced by a light deflection element provided on the light guide while traveling in the direction of the side surface in the light guide. The light emitted from the light source is more uniformly emitted to the outside by the diffuser, and the light leaked from the back surface portion and the side surface portion of the light guide body is reflected on the light guide body again or totally reflected by the back surface portion. A flat light emitting device characterized in that uniform emission light is obtained. The said light source is provided in the height corresponding to the height or the depth of the said incident part of the said light guide in arbitrary positions, The claim | item 15, Claim 19, Claim 20 characterized by the above-mentioned. The flat light-emitting device in any one.

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