JP2005200968A - Variable cross-section shield machine - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a variable cross-section shield machine having high strength and capable of coping with excavation with large variation in cross-section by a simple structure. <P>SOLUTION: This variable cross-section shield machine comprises main cutters 7 and 37 pivotally supported on the front part of the machine in the excavating direction eccentrically to a rotary drum 5 and width-enlarging cutters 8 and 38 having base end parts 11 and 39 pivotally supported near the peripheral edge parts of the main cutters 7 and 37, the other end parts 12 and 41 formed free, and installed movably to the radial outer side. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a variable cross-section shield machine equipped with a cutter capable of excavating a natural ground by rotating eccentrically at a front portion in the excavation direction of the excavator and having a cutter whose excavation section can be changed.

  Conventionally, as a shield machine equipped with a cutter whose excavation cross section can be changed so that the shape of the cutter body can be enlarged during excavation in the ground, the rotary cutter 51 is rotated as shown in FIG. However, a shield machine 53 has been proposed in which the cutter body is reciprocated in the width direction and the copy cutter 52 is moved in and out to excavate a tunnel having a wide cross section (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

  In general, an eccentric multi-axis shield machine 55 as shown in FIGS. 11 and 12 has also been proposed. This shield machine 55 has divided shield frames 56a and 56b which are divided so as to move relative to each other in the direction orthogonal to the earth pressure in the vertical direction, that is, in the widening direction. Each of the divided shield frames 56 a and 56 b is provided with a rotating drum 57 and a cutter support shaft 58, and a cutter 59 is attached to the cutter support shaft 58. The cutter 59 is divided into two at the central portion in the width direction, and is configured to overlap each other at the central portion. Then, when the split shield frames 56a and 56b are moved apart and relatively widened, both ends of the cutter 59 are pulled in the widening direction by the cutter support shafts 58 provided in the respective split shield frames 56a and 56b. The central superposed portions are separated from each other and widen across the entire cutter 59 (see, for example, Patent Document 2).

JP-A-2-282598 JP 7-317490 A JP 2001-317292 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-3585 JP 2003-232184 A

  However, the copy cutter 52 used in the shield machine 53 shown in FIG. 10 has a limited access distance due to restrictions on strength and durability and control of the input / output stroke speed. However, there was a problem that they could only deal with it. Further, the shield machine 53 rotates the rotary cutter 51 and reciprocates the cutter body in the width direction while synchronizing with the rotation. Therefore, the cutter mechanism has a complicated configuration and the rotary cutter 51 is integrated. Even with rotation, the entire excavation section could not be excavated and the excavation efficiency was low.

  On the other hand, in the shield machine 55 shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, the cutter 59 is divided into two parts at the center part in the width direction and overlapped with each other at the center part, and the overlapping parts are separated from each other. There is also a problem that the strength of the cutter 59 is lowered at the superposed portion 61.

  Accordingly, the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a variable cross-section shield machine that has a simple structure and can cope with a wide range of excavation cross-section changes.

  To achieve the above object, according to the present invention, there is provided a main cutter that is eccentrically supported by a rotating drum and is eccentrically rotated on a front surface of an excavating machine in a direction of excavation, and a base end portion is pivoted in the vicinity of the peripheral edge of the main cutter. It is a variable cross-section shield machine equipped with a widening cutter that is supported and has a free end at the other end so as to be movable radially outward.

  The widening cutter preferably has widening cutter moving means for moving its free end radially outward.

  Further, the widening cutter is divided into at least two parts, each base end portion is pivotally supported by the top portion of the main cutter, and the other end portion is configured as a free end so as to be movable radially outward in opposite directions. Those are preferred.

  Furthermore, it is preferable that the widening cutter is provided so as to overlap the front side of the main cutter in the digging direction.

  Further, it is preferable that the widening cutter moving means is constituted by a hydraulic jack spanned between the main cutter and the widening cutter.

  And what provided the lock means which fixes the said widening cutter with respect to the said main cutter in the predetermined | prescribed radial movement position is preferable.

  In addition, the locking means is provided in the widening cutter or the main cutter so as to extend in the front-rear direction of the digging direction, and is provided in the main cutter or the widening cutter so as to be inserted into and retracted from the engaging groove. What has an engagement pin is preferable.

  According to the present invention, an excellent effect of being able to cope with a wide range of excavation cross-section changes with a simple structure is exhibited.

  The best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  Such a variable cross-section shield machine is applied as a shield machine capable of changing a cross-section, such as a widening shield machine, a parent-child shield machine, or a shield machine for underground joints.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 to 6, the variable cross-section shield machine 1 according to the present embodiment is a cutter rotating drum for rotating a cutter 4 at the center of a bulkhead 3 on the front surface of the machine 2 in the direction of digging. 5 is provided. A cutter support shaft 6 that supports the cutter 4 positioned in front of the cutter rotating drum 5 is eccentrically supported by the cutter rotating drum 5. In this embodiment, since the cutter rotating drum 5 and the cutter support shaft 6 are provided as a single shaft, a rotation restraining mechanism (not shown) (for example, a special feature) for preventing the cutter support shaft 6 from rotating is provided. No. 2001-3658) is provided. As a result, the cutter support shaft 6 and the cutter 4 rotate eccentrically without changing the vertical direction, and cross-section excavation having a shape similar to the surface shape of the cutter 4 is possible.

  By the way, in the present invention, the cutter 4 is eccentrically supported by the cutter rotating drum (rotating drum) 5 via the cutter support shaft 6 and is pivotally supported to rotate eccentrically, and the vicinity of the peripheral edge of the main cutter 7 (main The embodiment is characterized in that the base end portion 11 is pivotally supported on the top portion 14) and the other end portion 12 is a free end and the widening cutter 8 is provided so as to be movable radially outward.

  In the present embodiment, the cutter 4 is formed in a substantially horseshoe shape, and the widened cutter 8 is provided on the front side of the main cutter 7 in the digging direction. A pivot shaft 15 for pivotally supporting the widening cutter 8 is provided on the top portion 14 of the main cutter 7 so as to extend forward in the digging direction.

  The widening cutter 8 is divided into two substantially semicircularly in the width direction, and the respective base end portions 11 are pivotally supported by the top portion 14 of the main cutter 7 via the pivot shaft 15, respectively. The parts 12 are configured as free ends so as to be movable radially outward in opposite directions.

  The widening cutter 8 is provided with widening cutter moving means 9 for moving its free end radially outward. The widening cutter moving means 9 is configured by a hydraulic jack 16 that is disposed behind the main cutter 7 in the digging direction and is spanned between the main cutter 7 and the widening cutter 8. The hydraulic jack 16 is bridged between the vicinity of the lower end of the main cutter 7 and the vicinity of the other end 12 of each widening cutter 8 so that each widening cutter 8 can be moved radially outward (in the width direction). Is provided.

  The widening cutter 8 extends the hydraulic jack 16 so that the free ends thereof are moved radially outward about the pivot shaft 15 and pushed outward in the radial direction of the main cutter 7 to widen the range. And excavating.

  The main cutter 7 is located in the opening portion 19 that opens at the lower center when the widening cutter 8 moves outward in the radial direction, and excavation is possible over the entire widening excavation range. That is, the main cutter 7 and the widening cutter 8 are disposed so as to overlap each other in the digging direction at least in the open portion 19 in a state where the widening cutter 8 is closed.

  Both the main cutter 7 and the widening cutter 8 are formed by combining cutter frames 17 and 18 in a lattice pattern. An arcuate cutter frame 20 is provided on the peripheral edge of the widened cutter 8. A plurality of cutter bits 21 are arranged in front of the cutter frames 18 and 20 of the widening cutter 8. A plurality of cutter bits 21 of the main cutter 7 are arranged on both side surfaces of the cutter frame 17. This is because the wide cutter 8 is located on the front surface of the main cutter 7 and the cutter bit 21 is not provided on the front surface.

  As shown in FIGS. 4 to 6, the cutter 4 is provided with locking means 22 for fixing the widened cutter 8 with respect to the main cutter 7 at a predetermined radial movement position.

  The locking means 22 is a hydraulic jack having an engagement groove 23 formed in the widening cutter 8 so as to extend forward and backward in the digging direction, and an engagement pin 24 provided in the main cutter 7 so as to be inserted into and retracted from the engagement groove 23. 25.

  The hydraulic jacks 25 are provided at both ends of the main cutter 7 in the width direction, and the engagement pins 24 are formed so as to protrude and retract toward the wide cutter 8 side. The engaging groove 23 is formed at a position where the engaging pin 24 is positioned when the widening cutter 8 is closed and when the widening cutter 8 is widened. When the widening cutter 8 is closed and widened, the engaging pin 24 is Is inserted into the engagement groove 23 to fix the position of the widening cutter 8 in the width direction.

  The attachment position of the engagement groove 23 and the engagement pin 24 is not limited to the above position, and the hydraulic jack 25 may be provided on the widening cutter 8 side, and the engagement groove 23 may be provided on the main cutter 7 side. .

  Further, the widening cutter 38 may be fixed by controlling the hydraulic oil of the hydraulic jack 16 which is the widening cutter moving means 9 without providing the locking means 22. In this case, the size of the hydraulic jack 16 is larger than that described above.

  1 and 2, reference numeral 26 denotes a shield frame pivot shaft that pivotally supports the outer shell shield frame 27 that is divided into two in the width direction. The divided outer shell shield frame 27 is provided outside the cylindrical inner shell shield frame 30 that supports a device such as a cutter so that the outer shell shield frame 27 can be widened. The outer shield frame 27 is connected to the other end of the widening jack 29 having one end connected to the columnar portion 28 provided at the center in the width direction in the excavator main body 2, and when the widening cutter 8 is widened. The outer shell shield frame 27 is also widened at the same time by extending the widening jack 29.

  A thrust receiving portion 31 that is integrally fixed to the inner shell shield frame 30 and receives earth pressure from the natural ground is provided at the rear portion of the bulkhead 3. Behind the thrust receiving portion 31 constituting a part of the inner shell shield frame 30, a thrust transmission portion 33 constituting a part of the outer shell shield frame 27 and fixed integrally with the shield jack 32 is provided. Yes. In the state where the outer shell shield frame 27 is closed, the rear end of the thrust receiving portion 31 and the front end of the thrust transmission portion 33 are in contact with each other in the digging direction over the entire cross section, and in the state where the outer shell shield frame 27 is widened, the thrust force is increased. The rear end outer portion of the receiving portion 31 and the front end inner portion of the thrust transmission portion 33 are in contact with each other in the digging direction.

  According to the above configuration, during excavation of a normal excavation section, as shown in FIG. 2, the hydraulic jack 16 is retracted and the widening cutter 8 is closed. At this time, since the widening cutter 8 is fixed to the main cutter 7 by the lock means 22, the widening cutter 8 is not opened by the rotation of the cutter 4.

  On the other hand, when the widening cutter 8 is widened, the hydraulic jack 16 is extended to rotate the widening cutter 8 about the pivot shaft 15 and push it outward in the radial direction. Then, the widening cutter 8 is fixed to the main cutter 7 by inserting the engaging pin 24 of the locking means 22 into the engaging groove 23. Thus, excavation of a large area can be performed by the wide cutter 8 and the main cutter 7 located between the wide cutter 8 that has been widened.

  According to the above configuration, the widening cutter 8 is provided on the main cutter 7 so as to be rotatable via the pivot shaft 15, so that the widening cutter 8 is widened by an easy operation such as extending the hydraulic jack 16. Can do.

  Further, since the widening cutter 8 is divided into two in the width direction and each is integrally formed by combining the frames 18, the widening cutter 8 has sufficient cutter strength to withstand a general eccentric shaft rotation system. Further, during excavation (when the cutter 4 is rotating), the widening cutter 8 is fixed to the main cutter 7 and is not configured to change the shape of the cutter while rotating like a copy cutter. Therefore, it is not necessary to perform synchronous control in accordance with the rotation of the cutter 4. Further, since the wide-area widening cutter 8 can be moved with a small number of hydraulic jacks 16, the moving mechanism of the cutter 4 can be made simple and reliable.

  Furthermore, since the widening cutter 8 is fixed to the main cutter 7 by the locking means 22, the burden on the hydraulic jack 16 during excavation can be eliminated. That is, since the hydraulic jack 16 only needs to be operated when the widening cutter 8 is moved, the hydraulic jack 16 can be reduced in size, and accordingly, the cutter 4 can be reduced in size and weight. Further, the life of the hydraulic jack 16 can be extended.

  Further, since the main cutter 7 is provided behind the widening cutter 8, the pressure from the front excavation ground is transmitted from the widening cutter 8 to the main cutter 7, and then the cutter support shaft 6 and the bulkhead 3. , Are sequentially transmitted to the thrust receiving portion 31 constituting a part of the inner shell shield frame 30, the thrust transmission portion 33 constituting a part of the outer shell shield frame 27, and the shield jack 32, and reliably transmitted to the existing segment 34. Efficient drilling is possible.

  FIG.7 and FIG.8 is the front view which showed other suitable embodiment of the variable cross-section shield machine based on this invention.

  In the variable cross-section shield machine 36 according to the present embodiment, the widening cutter 38 is divided into two in the width direction and is formed in an arc shape having a substantially crescent shape. Each of the widening cutters 38 has a base end portion 39 pivotally supported by the top portion 14 of the main cutter 37 via a pivot shaft 15, and the other end portion 41 as a free end. It is configured to be movable in the direction. The widening cutter 38 is formed by arranging a plurality of cutter bits (not shown) on the front surface of a cutter frame (not shown) formed in an arc shape.

  The main cutter 37 is formed in a substantially horseshoe shape, and is configured by combining a plurality of cutter frames (not shown) in a lattice shape and arranging a plurality of cutter bits (not shown) on the front surface thereof. A pivot shaft 15 for pivotally supporting the widening cutter 38 is provided on the top portion 14 of the main cutter 37 so as to extend forward in the digging direction.

  Cutter bits are arranged on the front surface of the cutter frame other than the overlapping portion 43 (shown by hatching in FIG. 7) with the widening cutter 38 on the front surface of the main cutter 37. Cutter bits are arranged on the side surface of the cutter frame of the overlapping portion 43.

  The widening cutter 38 is provided with widening cutter moving means 9 for moving and fixing its free end radially outward. The widening cutter moving means 9 has the same configuration as that of the above embodiment.

  In the variable cross-section shield machine 36 having the above-described configuration, in addition to the same effect as the variable cross-section shield machine 1 of the embodiment of FIG. 1 described above, the size of the widening cutter 38 is reduced, thereby reducing the weight of the cutter. And an effect that the number of parts can be reduced.

  In the above embodiment, the widening cutters 8 and 38 are provided on the front side of the main cutters 7 and 37 in the digging direction, but the present invention is not limited to this. The widening cutters 8 and 38 may be provided in the rear surfaces of the main cutters 7 and 37 or in the housing grooves 44 formed in the peripheral edge portions of the main cutters 7 and 37 as shown in FIG.

  According to this, since the widening cutters 8 and 38 are used only at the time of widening, when the widening excavation section is short, it is necessary to use an expensive carbide tip for the cutter bits of the widening cutters 8 and 38. No cost reduction can be achieved.

  In the above-described embodiment, the variable cross-section shield machine 1 and 36 in which the outer shell shield frame 27 is widened together with the widening cutters 8 and 38 have been described as an example. However, the structure of the cutter 4 having the above configuration is a parent-child shield. Of course, the present invention can also be applied to other shield machines that require changing the excavation section of the cutter, such as excavators and shield joint machines for underground welding.

  Further, in the above embodiment, the widening cutters 8 and 38 are moved symmetrically on the left and right, but may be moved asymmetrically. For example, if only one of the widening cutters 8 and 38 is widened, the surplus excavation during sharp curve excavation can be performed.

  Furthermore, in the said embodiment, although the pivot shaft 15 which pivotally supports the widening cutters 8 and 38 is provided in the top part 14 of the main cutters 7 and 37, this position is not restricted to this. For example, if a pivot is provided on the side, the width can be increased in the vertical direction.

  In the above embodiment, the widening cutters 8 and 38 are divided into two parts, but the present invention is not limited to this, and it may be divided into three parts, four parts or more. In this case, a plurality of pivot shafts are provided.

It is the front view which showed suitable embodiment of the variable cross-section shield machine based on this invention. It is the front view which showed suitable embodiment of the variable cross-section shield machine based on this invention. It is the vertical direction sectional view showing a suitable embodiment of the variable section shield machine according to the present invention. It is the horizontal direction sectional view showing the suitable embodiment of the variable section shield machine according to the present invention. It is the horizontal direction sectional view showing the suitable embodiment of the variable section shield machine according to the present invention. It is sectional drawing which showed the locking means. It is the front view which showed other suitable embodiment of the variable cross-section shield machine based on this invention. It is the front view which showed other suitable embodiment of the variable cross-section shield machine based on this invention. It is sectional drawing which showed the main cutter and widening cutter of the variable cross-section shield machine based on this invention. It is the front view which showed the conventional variable cross-section shield machine. It is the front view which showed the conventional variable cross-section shield machine. It is the front view which showed the conventional variable cross-section shield machine.

Explanation of symbols

1 Variable cross-section shield machine 5 Cutter rotating drum (Rotating drum)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 7 Main cutter 8 Widening cutter 9 Widening cutter moving means 11 Base end part 12 Other end part 14 Top part 16 Hydraulic jack 22 Locking means 23 Engaging groove 24 Engaging pin 36 Variable cross-section shield machine 37 Main cutter 38 Widening cutter 39 Base end Part 41 other end

Claims (7)

  A main cutter that is eccentrically supported by a rotating drum and rotates eccentrically on the front surface of the excavator in the direction of excavation, and a base end is pivotally supported in the vicinity of the peripheral edge of the main cutter, and the other end becomes a free end and is radially outside. A variable section shield machine having a widening cutter movably provided in the direction.   The variable cross-section shield machine according to claim 1, wherein the widening cutter has widening cutter moving means for moving a free end thereof radially outward.   The widening cutter is divided into at least two parts, each base end part is pivotally supported on the top part of the main cutter, and the other end part is configured as a free end so as to be movable radially outward in opposite directions. The variable cross-section shield machine according to 1 or 2.   The variable cross-section shield machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the widening cutter is provided so as to overlap the front side of the main cutter in the digging direction.   The variable cross-section shield machine according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the widening cutter moving means is constituted by a hydraulic jack spanned between the main cutter and the widening cutter.   6. The variable cross-section shield machine according to claim 1, further comprising lock means for fixing the widening cutter to the main cutter at a predetermined radial movement position. The locking means includes an engagement groove formed in the widening cutter or the main cutter so as to extend in the forward and backward direction, and an engagement provided in the main cutter or the widening cutter so as to be freely inserted into and retracted from the engagement groove. The variable cross-section shield machine according to claim 6, further comprising a pin.

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