JP2005184994A - Electric motor and its production method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a structure having high electric insulation capable of easy attachment of a wedge without degrading motor efficiency even after a coil is wound, and to provide a production method of the electric motor. <P>SOLUTION: A wedge 22 is disposed to a slot insulator 21, in a space formed by insulating bent portions 21a, which is formed by bending the slot insulator 21 at respective edges in the peripheral direction of a slot to the inside diameter side of a stator, and a teeth wide portion 14. The production method includes forming the insulating bent portions 21a, attaching it on the slot 16, winding a coil around the teeth 12 through a slot opening 15, and attaching the wedge 22 to the space 500 formed by the insulating bent portions 21a and the teeth wide portion 14 on the outside diameter side of the stator. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to an electric motor provided in various devices such as a hermetic compressor.

  FIG. 14 shows a conventional concentrated winding type brushless motor, which includes a stator 50 and a rotor 70. FIG. 14 shows an example of a 4-pole 6-slot permanent magnet motor. FIG. 15 is an enlarged view of the slot portion of FIG.

  The stator core 51 is formed of teeth 52 provided radially on the inner diameter side thereof, and a substantially annular yoke 53 that connects the teeth 52 to each other. A tooth wide portion 54 that is wide in the circumferential direction is formed at the tip on the inner diameter side of the tooth 52.

  In addition, slots 56 equal to the number of teeth 52 are formed in the stator core 51 by adjacent teeth 52, yokes 53, and wide teeth portions 54, and an opening (hereinafter, referred to as a gap between adjacent teeth wide portions 54). "Slot open") 55 is formed.

  The tooth 52 is provided with a winding 57. The winding 57 is usually a three-phase winding.

  The rotor 70 is rotatably held concentrically with the stator 50 inside the stator 50. FIG. 15 shows an embedded magnet type rotor in which a permanent magnet 72 is embedded in the rotor core 71. A shaft (not drawn) enters the shaft hole 73.

  The rotor 70 rotates around the axis by a magnetic field generated by a current flowing in the winding 57 applied to the stator 50.

  Here, since current flows through the winding 57 as described above, insulation with the stator core 51 in contact with the winding 57 is indispensable in order to ensure insulation of the motor, but the winding 57 is fixed. Since insulation is provided between the core iron 51 and the slot insulator 61 such as an insulating film or an insulator, the insulation can be secured by the slot insulator 61 on the slot wall surface.

  However, it is difficult to insulate the vicinity of the slot opening 55 with the slot insulator 61 alone. This is because when winding the winding 57 directly through the slot opening 55, the slot insulation 61 is extended to the slot opening 55 from the beginning and the slot opening 55 is closed. This is because the slot insulator 61 cannot be extended to the slot opening 55 because the slot insulator is moved by being mounted at a predetermined position by the winding nozzle.

Conventionally, as shown in FIG. 16, the opening width of the slot open 55 on the outer diameter side of the stator of the slot open 55 with respect to the opening width A of the rotor side (stator inner diameter side) is solved. B is set large, and the opening width C between both ends of the slot insulator 61 is set smaller than the opening width B on the stator outer diameter side of the slot open 55 (About the relationship between the opening width A and the opening width C) Equivalently set electric motors have been proposed, and according to this configuration, the distance (so-called creepage distance) from the winding 57 to the exposed portion of the stator core 51 via each tip of the slot insulator 61 is increased. It is said that the insulating property can be improved by increasing the length. In addition, in this case, a separate insulating part is unnecessary (for example, see Patent Document 1).

  However, in the configuration of the motor described above, a so-called step 170 is formed in the teeth wide portion on the inner peripheral side of the slot. However, such a step 170 is not limited to a predetermined creepage in any case in relation to required motor characteristics. It is not provided for securing the distance, and in most cases, it can be formed only to the extent that the efficiency of the electric motor is not impaired.

  On the other hand, in order to ensure insulation after winding of the winding 57 in order to ensure insulation while maintaining high efficiency in the conventional electric motor, as shown in FIG. A wedge 63 was inserted between the teeth wide portion 54 and the slot insulator 61.

  That is, as described above, winding of the winding 57 around the tooth 52 is performed through the slot open 55, so that the slot opening 55 before winding does not interfere with the passage of the winding nozzle and the like. The obstacle in the part is excluded, and the insulation is performed by the wedge 63 to be installed after winding. As a result, by installing the wedge 63, the creeping distance on the insulation can be reduced as compared with the case where it is not present. It becomes possible to enlarge.

  In addition, as a shape of the wedge 63, there is a shape as shown in FIG. 18 so as to have an inter-phase insulating function between the windings 57 of different phases wound in the same slot (for example, Patent Documents). 2).

  Here, the wedge 63 is mounted after winding. However, actually, in the slot after winding, more specifically, in the vicinity of the teeth wide portion 54 on the outer diameter side of the stator 50, the slot insulator of the portion is in close contact with the teeth wide portion 54 by the winding 57. In this state, it was very difficult to attach the wedge 63.

  For this reason, a configuration is proposed in which the slot insulator 61 is formed using a thick member, and a step is provided in the slot insulator 61 where the wedge is mounted, thereby securing a space here. (For example, refer to Patent Document 3).

  FIG. 19 shows a 4-pole 12-slot permanent magnet type motor with so-called distributed winding, and is composed of a stator 50 and a rotor 70 as in the case of the concentrated winding motor. FIG. 20 is an enlarged view of the slot portion of FIG. Hereinafter, the difference from the concentrated winding motor will be mainly described.

  In the case of a distributed winding motor, only one-phase winding 57 is often inserted into one slot 56. Particularly in such a case, the creepage distance on insulation is increased and the winding 57 jumps out of the slot open 55. In order to prevent this, the wedge 63 is required.

However, even in this case, the wedge 63 is mounted after the winding 57 is inserted into the slot by a so-called inserter method. It is possible to employ a slot insulator configuration such as
JP-A-9-322442 JP 2002-112488 A JP-A-10-271734

However, in the configuration in which the conventional slot insulator is formed by using a thick member and a step is provided in the slot insulator where the wedge is mounted, the space is secured in this configuration. Since the line 57 is present, the effective slot area is reduced. As a result, the amount of winding is reduced and the efficiency is reduced.

  SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a highly insulating electric motor configuration and a method for manufacturing the same that make it easy to mount a wedge even after winding.

  In order to solve the above-described problems, the electric motor of the present invention has a wedge in a space formed by an insulating bent portion in which both end portions in the circumferential direction of the slot are bent toward the inner diameter side of the stator and a wide tooth portion. The insulating bent portion is formed, attached to the slot, wound around the teeth through the slot open, and the insulating bent portion and the stator outer diameter side are manufactured. It is made by attaching a wedge to the space formed from the wide portion of the teeth.

  According to the invention of claim 1 of the present application, it is possible to obtain a highly insulating electric motor that facilitates the mounting of the wedge.

  According to the invention which concerns on Claim 2 or Claim 3, the space for wedge mounting | wearing can be raised, and it can be set as the electric motor with high insulation which makes mounting | wearing of a wedge easier.

  According to the invention which concerns on Claim 4, the reliable apparatus with respect to insulation can be obtained.

  According to the invention which concerns on Claim 5, it can be set as the manufacturing method of the electric motor which makes mounting | wearing of a wedge easy even after winding of a coil | winding.

  The invention according to claim 1 of the present application is an open slot formed of an annular yoke, a plurality of teeth disposed on an inner peripheral portion of the yoke, and a wide tooth portion formed at an inner diameter side tip of the tooth. A stator core of the mold, and a winding wound directly around the teeth via a slot insulator disposed on a wall surface of the slot formed by the yoke, the teeth and the wide teeth portion, and housed in the slot A stator composed of a wedge disposed in the slot so as to close an opening between the opposing wide teeth formed in the adjacent teeth, and an electric motor composed of a rotor. Both end portions in the circumferential direction of the slot form insulating bent portions that are bent toward the inner diameter side of the stator, and the insulating bent portion and the teeth width The electric motor is characterized in that the wedge is arranged in the space formed by the section, and the creeping distance from the winding to the stator core can be increased due to the presence of the insulating bent portion, and the insulating bent portion By attaching the tip at a predetermined angle to the stator outer diameter side of the wide teeth portion, a wedge for attaching an insulating bent portion and a wide teeth portion (stator outer diameter side) in the vicinity of the slot opening in the slot is provided. The space can be formed without reducing the slot area.

  The invention according to claim 2 is characterized in that the stator outer diameter side of the wide teeth portion is formed so that the width in the stator radial direction becomes narrower from the root side toward the tip of the wide teeth portion. The electric motor according to claim 1, wherein the area of the portion where the wedge is mounted can be increased.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the slot insulator, the distal ends in the circumferential direction of the wide portion of the teeth so that the insulating bent portions in which both ends in the circumferential direction of the slot are bent toward the inner diameter side of the stator are paired with the slot insulator. 2. The electric motor according to claim 1, wherein the electric motor according to claim 1 is housed in a recess formed on the outer diameter side of the stator, and the area of the portion to which the wedge is attached can be increased and the winding is performed. It is possible to prevent the slot insulator from being displaced in the slot circumferential direction, which occurs when a current is passed through the wire to magnetize the rotor magnet.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, a wedge bent portion bent toward the outer diameter of the stator is formed at both ends of the wedge, and the wedge bent portion is associated with an insulating bent portion that is paired with the wedge bent portion. 4. The electric motor according to claim 3, wherein the engaged portion is accommodated in the recess, and the slot insulator and the wedge can be prevented from being displaced. 5.

  The invention according to claim 5 is an apparatus including the electric motor according to any one of claims 1 to 4 and can be a highly insulating apparatus.

  The invention according to claim 6 is an open slot type formed by an annular yoke, a plurality of teeth disposed on the inner peripheral portion of the yoke, and a wide tooth portion formed at the inner diameter side tip of the tooth. A winding that is wound directly on the teeth via a slot insulator disposed on a wall surface of a slot formed by the stator core, the yoke, the teeth, and the wide portion of the teeth, and adjacent to the windings accommodated in the slots In a method of manufacturing an electric motor including a stator, and a stator including a wedge disposed in the slot so as to close an opening between the teeth wide portions that are formed on the teeth, and to the stator, When the wedge is mounted, the slot insulator is formed with an insulating bent portion in which both end portions in the circumferential direction of the slot are bent toward the inner diameter side of the stator. After mounting, the motor is wound around the teeth through the opening, and is formed into a space formed by the insulating bent portion and a wide portion of the teeth on the outer diameter side of the stator. In addition, a wedge mounting space including an insulating bent portion and a wide teeth portion (stator outer diameter side) can be formed near the slot opening in the slot.

  FIG. 1 shows a so-called concentrated winding type brushless motor showing a specific example of the present invention, and FIG. 2 shows a main part thereof.

  The stator core 11 constituting the stator 10 of the electric motor has six teeth 12 formed radially from the yoke 13 toward the center thereof, and the teeth 12 have a wide tooth portion 14 at the tip thereof. It is formed to be tapered. Further, slot openings 15 are formed between adjacent teeth 12 and the teeth wide portions 14 facing each other. The configuration of the rotor 30 and other components is the same as that of the conventional motor described above, and the description thereof is omitted.

  On the wall surface of the slot 16 of the stator core 11 formed in this way, a slot insulator 21 having insulating bent portions 21a in which both end portions 21b in the circumferential direction of the slot are bent toward the inner diameter side of the stator 10 is disposed. Yes.

  The insulating bent portion 21a is bent so that the tip portion 21b faces the stator outer diameter side 14a of the wide teeth portion 14 at a predetermined angle, that is, the tip portion 21b faces the teeth 12 side. Therefore, a space 500 is formed in the vicinity of the slot opening 15 in the slot 16 by the insulating bent portion 21 a and the stator outer diameter side 14 a of the wide teeth portion 14.

Next, the winding 17 wound around the teeth 12 will be described.
And three-phase windings 17 of W are wound around each tooth 12 via slot insulators 21 at equal intervals, and are accommodated in the slots 16.

  Then, after the winding 17 is wound, the wedge 22 is mounted in the space 500 so as to close the slot opening 15 in order to secure insulation between the wide teeth portion 14 and the winding 17.

  Here, considering the relationship between the shape of the space and the shape of the wide teeth portion 14, when the wide teeth portion 14 is tapered as shown in FIG. 3, the radial direction of the stator 10 increases. A space 500 can be formed. This means that even when the insulating bent portion 21a is pushed to the stator outer diameter side 14a by the winding 17, the wedge 22 is mounted without substantially reducing the slot area in which the winding 17 is accommodated. This is effective in securing the space 500 necessary for the operation.

  In order to secure a space necessary for mounting the wedge 22 without substantially reducing the slot area in which the winding wire 17 is accommodated as in the above case, as shown in FIG. It is also possible to form a recess 18 on the outer diameter side of the stator at the distal end in the circumferential direction of the teeth wide portion 14 so as to make a pair. In such a case, the width of the slot opening 15 is WA, the distance between the adjacent recesses 18 across the slot opening 15 is WB, and the insulating bent portion 21a is between the tips 21b of the same slot insulator 21 existing across the slot opening 15. When the distance between the two is WC and WD, respectively, it is preferable that WD <WC and WA <WC ≦ WB.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 5, the wedge 22 is formed in a convex shape toward the outer diameter side of the stator 10 (the portion indicated by “22 c” in FIG. 5), so that the wedge 22 is located in the same slot 16. It is possible to provide an inter-phase insulation function that insulates the windings 17 of different phases housed in each other.

  The configuration can be applied to a distributed winding type non-brush motor (see FIG. 6), a distributed winding type induction motor (see FIG. 7), and other motors, thereby obtaining a highly reliable motor. Is possible.

  Since the difference between the present embodiment and the first embodiment is the presence or absence of the wedge bent portion formed at both ends of the wedge, the description of the common portions is omitted, and the difference will be mainly described below. .

  FIG. 8 shows a slot portion of a concentrated winding motor equipped with a wedge 22 having wedge bent portions 22a formed at both ends thereof.

  The wedge bent portion 22a is bent at both ends in a direction opposite to that of the insulating bent portion 21a, and engages with the insulating bent portion 21a paired with each of the wedge bent portions 22a (hereinafter, this portion is referred to as “engagement portion”). Is mounted in the slot 16 as described above.

  FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the creepage distance when the engaging portion is provided. Compared to the case of the insulating bent portion 21a, the creepage distance is equivalent to the wedge bent portion 22a (distance A indicated by a dotted line in the drawing). Can be made even longer.

Further, the teeth wide portion 14 is formed with a recess 18 at the tip thereof so that the engaging portion 600 is accommodated. In particular, as in the case of the first embodiment, the teeth wide portion 14 may be tapered, and the engaging portion 600 may be housed in a place other than the slot around which the winding 17 is wound. In order to store the inside of the slot in a more compact manner, it is preferable to form the recess 18 as shown in FIG. In such a case, even if the concave portion 18 has a shape having a predetermined angle with respect to the side wall of the tooth 12 (see FIG. 8), a parallel shape (see FIG. 10), or other shapes, There is no particular problem.

  Further, the shift of the wedge 22 in the center line direction of the slot 16 can be suppressed by the engaging portion 600, and when the concave portion 700 is formed, the corner portion of the wedge bent portion 22a contacts the side wall 700a of the concave portion 700. By doing, it can suppress shifting to the teeth 12 side any more.

  Although the above description is centered on the deviation of the wedge 22, the insulating bent portion 21 a and the wedge bent portion 22 a are engaged, so that the wedge 22 does not shift means that the motor is operating. Therefore, the displacement of the slot insulator 21 is inevitably suppressed.

  FIG. 11 and FIG. 12 show a specific configuration in which the creepage distance can be increased in order to ensure the reliability of insulation of the electric motor.

  An end portion 21b of the slot insulator 21 that insulates the stator core 11 and the winding wire 17 extends toward the slot open side.

  The wedge 22 has a substantially central portion formed in a substantially V shape, and is formed with a convex portion 22 c having an interphase insulating function for insulating the windings 17 of different phases housed in the same slot 16. In addition, a wedge bent portion 22a which is bent in the direction of the concave portion 18 in the wedge opening 22d located in the vicinity of the slot open 15 and is bent so that the wedge front end portion 22b is on the outer diameter side of the stator 10 is provided. Is formed. The wedge 22 is attached to the concave portion 18 so that the convex portion 22c is disposed between the windings 17 having different phases.

  Hereinafter, a specific configuration will be described. In each drawing, the width of the slot opening 15 is WA, the distance between the adjacent recesses 18 across the slot opening 15 is WB, and the distance between the wedge front ends 22b in the same wedge 22 existing across the slot opening 15 And WE and WF are the distances between the fold and the wedge bent portion 22a.

  In the electric motor shown in FIG. 11, WE <WF and WA <WF ≦ WB.

  Thus, the wedge tip 22b is bent in the slot direction so as to satisfy WE <WF, and the wedge tip 22b is in contact with the slot insulator 21 made of an insulating film, an insulator, or the like within the range of WA <WF ≦ WB. It will be.

  Further, when the amount of the winding 17 is small, a space for mounting the wedge 22 between the teeth wide portion 14 is secured even if the distal end portion 21b is extended toward the slot opening 15 side. be able to. However, even in such a case, when the current is applied to the winding 17 and magnetized, a force is applied to the winding 17 and the tip portion 21b may be pushed out to the inner diameter side. As a result, there is a possibility that the distance between the winding wire 17 and the wide teeth portion 14 becomes small, and the insulation property is impaired.

  However, in the configuration of FIG. 11, since the wedge tip 22b contacts the slot insulator 21 within the range of WA <WF ≦ WB, when the vicinity of the wedge bent portion 22a receives a force on the inner diameter side, Spring force to return is generated. Therefore, the amount of displacement of the tip 21b of the slot insulator 21 can be suppressed by this spring force.

  As a result, it is possible to stably secure the position of the slot insulator 21 and the convex portion 22c of the wedge 22 having the inter-phase insulation function, and the insulation of the electric motor can be reliably ensured.

  In regard to the degree of displacement amount suppression, the dimensions of WE and WF may be adjusted in consideration of the amount of the winding 17, or the material of the wedge 22 may be appropriately selected.

  In addition, when the current is passed through the winding 17 and magnetization is performed, the wedge 22 may be displaced from the initially inserted position. However, this problem can be solved by adjusting the size of the wedge 22 in the range of WA <WF ≦ WB where the deviation can be allowed to the maximum. Here, when it is desired to suppress the deviation most, WF = WB may be set.

  With the configuration as described above, the wedge 22 can be easily mounted, the creepage distance can be surely increased, and insulation between different-phase windings can be reliably ensured, thereby improving the reliability of insulation. it can.

  11 and 12 only differ in the bending direction of the wedge 22 (the motor shown in FIG. 11 is on the stator outer diameter side, whereas the motor shown in FIG. 12 is fixed). The wedge 22 is bent on the inner diameter side of the child to form the wedge bent portion 22a.) There is no difference in function and function. Therefore, the description relating to this is the same as described above, and is omitted.

  The configuration shown in FIG. 13 is also a configuration in which the wedge bent portion 22a is formed. However, the configuration shown in FIG. 11 and the like is that the wedge bent portion 22a is accommodated in the concave portion 700 provided at the base of the tooth 12. It is different.

  Also in this case, since the creepage distance between the winding wire 17 and the wide tooth portion 14 takes into account the distance via the slot insulator 21 and the wedge 22, it is possible to sufficiently secure the creepage distance of the electric motor. It is possible and the reliability with respect to insulation can be improved.

  Further, in the electric motor of FIG. 13, the distance between the adjacent recesses 18 across the slot open 15 is WB, the distance between the wedge front end portions 22b of the same wedge 22 existing across the slot open 15, and the wedge bent portion 22a. WB ≦ WE <WF, where WE and WF are the distances between the two.

  Therefore, even when a force is applied to the wedge 22 to shift the wedge 22, the wedge tip 22b comes into contact with the step 18, and the shift can be suppressed.

  The electric motor and the manufacturing method thereof according to the present invention can ensure high reliability with respect to insulation, and are useful for mounting on a hermetic compressor and other devices that require excellent insulation.

Sectional view of concentrated winding type brushless motor of the present invention Enlarged view of the slot portion of the brushless motor shown in FIG. The figure which shows the relationship between teeth tip wide part shape and the space where a wedge is mounted | worn The enlarged view of the slot part of the electric motor which formed the recessed part in the teeth wide part of this invention The enlarged view of the slot part which attached the wedge made convex toward the outer-diameter side of the stator of this invention Sectional view of the distributed winding type brushless motor of the present invention Cross-sectional view of the distributed winding type induction motor of the present invention The enlarged view of the slot part which mounted | worn the wedge which formed the wedge bending part of this invention The figure which shows the creeping distance when the wedge of FIG. 8 is mounted The enlarged view of the slot part made into the shape where one side of the recessed part of this invention becomes parallel with respect to the side wall of teeth The enlarged view of the slot part which showed one wedge bending part structure of this invention The enlarged view of the slot part which showed the other wedge bending part structure of this invention Sectional drawing of the slot part which accommodated the wedge bending part of this invention in the recessed part provided in the base of teeth Cross-sectional view of a conventional concentrated winding type brushless motor FIG. 14 is an enlarged view of the slot portion of the brushless motor shown in FIG. Enlarged view of the slot that can improve the conventional insulation Enlarged view of the slot part of a motor equipped with a conventional wedge Enlarged view of the slot part of a conventional motor equipped with a wedge having a correlation insulation function Cross section of a conventional distributed winding type brushless motor FIG. 19 is an enlarged view of the slot portion of the brushless motor shown in FIG.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Stator 11 Stator iron core 12 Teeth 13 Yoke 14 Teeth wide part 15 Slot open 16 Slot 17 Winding 18 Recessed part 21 Slot insulator 21a Insulation bent part 21b Tip part 22 Wedge 22a Wedge bent part 22b Wedge tip part 30 Rotation Child 500 space

Claims (6)

An open-slot type stator core formed of an annular yoke, a plurality of teeth disposed on an inner peripheral portion of the yoke, and a wide-width portion of a tooth formed on the tip on the inner diameter side of the tooth, the yoke, Each of the windings wound directly around the teeth via a slot insulator disposed on the wall surface of the slot formed by the teeth and the wide portion of the teeth and housed in the slot and each of the adjacent teeth In the electric motor including a stator and a rotor that is arranged in the slot so as to close the opening between the teeth wide portions facing each other, both ends of the slot circumferential direction are fixed to the slot insulator. Insulation bent portions are formed on the inner diameter side of the child, and in the space formed by the insulating bent portions and the teeth wide portion Motor, characterized in that to place the edge. The stator outer diameter side of the wide teeth portion is formed so that the width in the stator radial direction becomes narrower from the base of the teeth toward the tip of the wide teeth portion. Electric motor. The slot insulator is formed on the stator outer diameter side at the tip end in the circumferential direction of the wide-width portion of the teeth so as to form a pair with the insulating bent portion where both ends in the slot circumferential direction are bent toward the inner diameter side of the stator. The electric motor according to claim 1, wherein the electric motor is housed in a recessed portion. Wedge bent portions that are bent toward the outer diameter side of the stator are formed at both ends of the wedge, and the wedge bent portions are engaged with the insulating bent portions that are paired with the wedge bent portions, respectively. The electric motor according to claim 3, wherein the portion is accommodated in the recess. An apparatus comprising the electric motor according to any one of claims 1 to 4. An open-slot type stator core formed of an annular yoke, a plurality of teeth disposed on an inner peripheral portion of the yoke, and a wide-width portion of a tooth formed on the tip on the inner diameter side of the tooth, the yoke, Each of the windings wound directly around the teeth via a slot insulator disposed on the wall surface of the slot formed by the teeth and the wide portion of the teeth and housed in the slot and each of the adjacent teeth In the method of manufacturing the electric motor including the stator including the stator disposed in the slot so as to close the opening between the teeth wide portions facing each other and the rotor, the mounting of the wedge on the stator includes the slot insulation. An insulating bent portion in which both end portions in the circumferential direction of the slot are bent to the inner diameter side of the stator is formed on the object, and after mounting in the slot, the tee is Scan the wound through the opening, the insulation bent portion and method of manufacturing the electric motor, characterized in that it is made in a space formed from the teeth wide portion of the stator outer diameter side.

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