JP2005179450A - Method for extracting pyroligneous acid and apparatus therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for extracting pyroligneous acid, with which crude pyroligneous acid discharged from a woody biomass gas producer is purified by using high-temperature exhaust gas emitted from a gas engine or a micro gas turbine and pyroligneous acid having high purity/high quality is obtained. <P>SOLUTION: Sawdust, etc., is supplied to the woody biomass gas producer 4, dust is removed from a production gas, the treated gas is burnt, electricity is generated by a generator 7, the high-temperature gas produced by the generator 7 is subjected to heat exchange/temperature regulation by a warm water boiler 9, the high-temperature gas regulated in temperature is used and crude pyroligneous acid discharged from the woody biomass gas producer 4 is distilled and purified in high purity. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for extracting a wood vinegar having high quality from biomass, and more particularly to a crude wood vinegar coming from a woody biomass gas generator from a gas engine or a micro gas turbine. The present invention relates to a method for extracting a vinegar solution and an apparatus for the same, which can be purified using high-temperature exhaust gas to obtain a high purity and high quality vinegar solution.

As an energy utilization apparatus for woody biomass, steam is produced by a boiler, and a turbine is driven to generate electricity.
However, conventional woody biomass energy utilization devices have problems such as difficulty in miniaturization of the device and a large amount of tar content, and there are many points to be improved.
In order to solve such problems, a woody biomass gas production apparatus described in Patent Document 1 has been proposed.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 15-238972

The woody biomass gas production device described in the above document continuously produces flammable gas with a small amount of tar that drives an engine generator, etc. from woody biomass, and recovers the wood vinegar and recovers the removed tar. It can burn.
However, the production apparatus described in the above publication is not satisfactory in terms of the purity and quality of the recovered wood vinegar because the purification process of the wood vinegar is still insufficient.

The present invention refines a crude wood vinegar solution containing many effective components generated from a woody biomass gas generator using waste heat energy discharged from a power generation system, and produces high quality in a series of systems. An object of the present invention is to provide a method and apparatus for extracting a pyroligneous acid solution capable of continuously extracting a highly pure pyroligneous acid solution, and to solve the problems of the conventional apparatus.
Specifically, sawdust and the like are supplied into a woody biomass gas generation furnace, the generated gas is subjected to dust removal processing, and the processed gas is burned to generate power. The high-temperature gas generated in the power generator is heat-exchanged and temperature-adjusted with a hot water boiler, and the crude wood vinegar liquid produced during the dust removal treatment of the generated gas is distilled using the temperature-adjusted gas, resulting in high quality and high purity. To obtain a wood vinegar solution.

For this reason, the technical solution means adopted by the present invention is:
Purify the gas generated in the woody biomass gas generation furnace and operate the power generation device by burning the gas, and distill the wastewater generated during gas purification using waste heat from the power generation device to make wood vinegar It is a method of extracting a wood vinegar solution.
Further, after the tar is separated from the drainage liquid, the pyroligneous liquid is evaporated by spraying it on a heat exchanger through which the high-temperature gas discharged from the power generation device passes. Is the method.
Further, the high temperature gas supplied for the heat exchange is supplied after passing through at least a hot water boiler or an air cooling device.
Further, the apparatus includes a woody biomass gas generating furnace, a purification device, and a power generation device that generates power using the gas purified by the purification device, and further distills waste water from the purification device by waste heat from the power generation device. A wood vinegar liquid extraction device comprising a wood vinegar liquid purification means for refining a wood wood vinegar liquid.
Further, the present invention is a wood vinegar liquid extraction device comprising a tar separation device for storing the waste water and a pump for supplying the waste water from which tar has been separated to the wood vinegar liquid purification means.
The wood vinegar liquid refining means comprises a heat exchanger for passing the high-temperature gas discharged from the power generation device, and a spray means for spraying drainage liquid onto the heat exchanger. It is.
The pyroligneous acid refining means includes a heat exchanger for passing the high-temperature gas discharged from the power generator, a spraying means for spraying the waste water on the heat exchanger, and a cooling means for cooling the generated steam. It is the pyroligneous acid liquid extraction device characterized by being.
Moreover, it is a pyroligneous acid extraction apparatus characterized by arrange | positioning the hot water boiler using the said high temperature gas, and the air cooling apparatus which cools the said high temperature gas in the upstream of the said heat exchanger.
Further, the apparatus includes a woody biomass gas generating furnace, a purification device, and a power generation device that generates power using the gas purified by the purification device, and further distills waste water from the purification device by waste heat from the power generation device. And a wood vinegar liquid purification means for purifying the vinegar vinegar liquid, and a solid material collection means capable of collecting the solid material mixed in the crude wood vinegar liquid at the bottom of the wood vinegar liquid purification means. This is a wood vinegar extraction device.
Moreover, it is the solid substance collect | recovered from the said wood vinegar extract apparatus.

The present invention can achieve the following specific effects.
A large amount of wood vinegar contained in the generated gas is obtained by converting thinned wood and driftwood of dams into sawdust into a woody biomass gas generator and using the waste heat of the power generator driven by the generated gas Extract the liquid. As a result, high-quality and high-purity wood vinegar can be extracted, and by using this apparatus, wood vinegar can be effectively extracted according to the tree species peculiar to the land. Further, the apparatus can be miniaturized, and energy efficiency can be remarkably improved by utilizing the waste heat of the power generation apparatus as energy for purifying the wood vinegar.

  The present invention supplies sawdust and the like into a woody biomass gas generation furnace, dedusts the generated gas, burns the processed gas to generate electricity, and heat-exchanges the high-temperature gas generated by the power generation device with a hot water boiler. A wood vinegar liquid extraction method and apparatus for distilling and purifying crude wood vinegar liquid from a woody biomass gas generator using temperature-adjusted high-temperature gas.

Embodiments according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a wood vinegar extraction apparatus according to the present embodiment.
In the figure, 1 is a storage tank for sawdust, 2 is a supply device for sawdust, etc., 3 is a safety device, 4 is a woody biomass gas generator, 5 is a purification device, 6 is a turbine, 7 is a power generator (generator), 8 is a discharged aqueous solution distillation apparatus for distilling the discharged aqueous solution taken out from the purification device. The discharged aqueous solution distillation device 8 includes a hot water boiler 9, an air cooling device 10, a tar separation device 11, a pump 12, a pyroligneous acid purification means 13, and a non-evaporated liquid recovery tank 15.
The storage tank 1, the supply device 2, the safety device 3, and the woody biomass gas generation furnace 4 use conventionally known devices and are not the features of the present invention, so detailed description of the configuration is omitted.

  The gas generated from the woody biomass gas generation furnace 4 is purified by the purification device 5, and the purified gas is combusted by the turbine 6 as in the conventionally known device and drives the power generation device 7. The purification device 5 is connected to a pipeline 21 that collects the discharged aqueous solution and supplies it to the tar separation device 11. The aqueous solution discharged from the purification device 5 is stored in the concrete tar separation device 11. The material of the tar separator 11 is not limited to concrete, and various materials can be selected as long as the material can achieve the function of storing the discharged aqueous solution.

In the discharged aqueous solution distillation apparatus 8, in addition to the tar separation apparatus 11, the hot water boiler 9 and air cooling apparatus 10, the pump 12, the pyroligneous acid purification means 13, and the non-evaporated liquid recovery tank 15 are arranged as shown in the figure. The hot water boiler 9 and the air cooling device 10 are provided with a pipeline 22 through which high-temperature gas (about 230 ° C.) discharged from the turbine 6 flows.
A pump 12 is connected to the tar separation device 11 via a pipeline 25, and the pump 12 is further connected to a nozzle 18 (described later) in the pyroligneous acid refining means 13 via a pipeline 26.
The wood vinegar liquid purification means 13 includes a heat exchanger 16, a nozzle 18, a safety valve 17, a cooling device 14, and the like, and pipelines 23 and 24 provided in the hot water boiler 9 and the air cooling device 10 are wood vinegar liquid purification means 13. It is connected to the inner heat exchanger 16 and is connected to the lower part of a grid (such as a wire net) 20 as a solid matter collecting means arranged below the pyroligneous acid purification means. The nozzle 18 has a function of spraying the crude wood vinegar toward the heat exchanger 16 (spraying means). The grid 20 has a function of filtering fine particles in the crude wood vinegar sprayed from the nozzle of the wood vinegar refinement means 13, and further below it is a reservoir 20a for the unevaporated liquid in the crude wood vinegar. ing. The non-evaporated liquid in the storage tank 20a is collected in the non-evaporated liquid recovery tank 15 via the pipeline 27, and can be supplied again to the nozzle 18 from the recovery tank 15 by the pump 12. The cooling device 14 in the wood vinegar refining means 13 has a function of cooling the generated steam of the wood vinegar and recovering the distilled wood vinegar. The distilled wood vinegar can be recovered from the pipeline 19 shown in the figure. The wood vinegar liquid purification means 13 is appropriately provided with a safety valve 17 for adjusting the pressure in the wood vinegar liquid purification means 13.

  The members are connected by pipelines 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, and 27 as shown in FIG. 1, and a valve V is appropriately disposed in the pipeline. The line can be cut off or communicated. As the valve, a manual valve, an electromagnetic valve, or the like can be used. Needless to say, the position, number, and opening / closing operation of the valves can be freely set at the time of design.

The operation of the apparatus for extracting vinegar comprising the above apparatus will be described.
Sawdust is taken out from the storage tank storing sawdust, and is put into the woody biomass gas generation furnace 4 through the supply device 2. The gas generated in the woody biomass gas generation furnace 4 is combusted by the turbine 6 and drives the power generator 7. The generated electric power is supplied to a target location by a known means.

  On the other hand, the high temperature exhaust gas (waste heat) generated in the turbine 6 is supplied to the hot water boiler 9 and the air cooling device 10 via the branched pipeline 22 in this example. The hot water boiler 9 generates hot water, and the obtained hot water is appropriately supplied to a location. Further, the air cooling device 10 cools the hot exhaust gas to a predetermined temperature.

The gas whose temperature has been lowered to a predetermined temperature by the hot water boiler 9 and the air cooling device 10 is mixed and appropriately supplied to the heat exchanger 16 in the wood vinegar liquid purification means 13 or the lower part of the wood vinegar liquid purification means 13.
Specifically, the heating gas supplied to the heat exchanger 16 is an appropriate temperature for mixing the gas cooled by the hot water boiler 9 and the cooling device 10 and evaporating the wood vinegar liquid by the heat exchanger 16 (about about The temperature is adjusted to be about 120 ° C to about 150 ° C.
A lattice 20 is disposed below the wood vinegar refining means 13, and solid matter (fine particles) mixed in the crude wood vinegar flows down and accumulates on the lattice 20, but the fine particles gradually solidify. . Therefore, when the amount of the solidified product reaches a predetermined amount, the hot air gas generated by mixing the gas from the hot water boiler 9 and the cooling device 10 is supplied from below the lattice 20, and the solidified component can be dried and taken out. (Solid matter drying device). The solid matter (fine particles) taken out can be used as a soil improvement material.
Although the temperature adjustment of the supply gas depends on the target gas temperature, it is possible to use only the gas from one side of the hot water boiler 9 and the cooling device 10.

The heat exchanger 16 thus heated to a predetermined temperature is sprayed with the crude wood vinegar liquid pumped up from the tar separation device 11 by the pump 12 from the nozzle 18. By this spraying, the wood vinegar becomes steam in the heat exchanger 16, and the steam is cooled and liquefied by the cooling device 14, and recovered from the pipeline 18, whereby a high quality and high purity wood vinegar can be obtained. Further, as described above, solid matter accumulates on the lattice disposed below the pyroligneous acid purification means 13, but these are dried by hot air gas supplied below the lattice and collected by appropriate means.
Further, the non-evaporated crude wood vinegar flowing down below the wood vinegar refining means 13 is recovered in the non-evaporated liquid recovery tank 15 through the pipeline 27 and appropriately pumped up by the pump 12 so that it can be sprayed again from the nozzle 18. It has become.

  As described above, the embodiment of the present invention has been described. However, the boiler and the air cooling device can be appropriately changed to different cooling means, and the piping and valve positions of the pipeline can be appropriately changed according to the purpose. Is possible.

  In addition, the present invention can be implemented in various other forms without departing from the spirit and main features thereof. For this reason, the above-described embodiments are merely examples, and should not be interpreted in a limited manner. Further, all modifications and changes belonging to the equivalent scope of the claims are within the scope of the present invention.

According to the present invention, a high quality and high purity pyroligneous acid solution can be obtained from sawdust and the like.
Also, the obtained wood vinegar is made up of pharmaceutical raw materials such as gastrointestinal pills, skin drugs, and muscle patches, food additives such as liquid smoke, smoke and flavor, industrial raw materials such as methanol and reactive deodorants, and dyes such as mordants. Raw materials, household, animal, industrial waste deodorizers, agricultural chemical raw materials such as agricultural chemical additives, soil improvement agents such as rooting promoters, animal nutritional aids, animal therapeutics raw materials, plant growth promoters It can be used as a microorganism culture aid.

It is a schematic block diagram of the pyroligneous acid extraction apparatus which concerns on a present Example.

Explanation of symbols

1 Storage tank for sawdust, etc. 2 Supply device for sawdust, etc. 3 Safety device 4 Woody biomass gas generator 5 Purifier 6 Turbine 7 Power generator (generator)
8 Discharged aqueous solution distillation device 9 Hot water boiler 10 Air cooling device 11 Tar separation device 12 Pump 13 Wood vinegar liquid purification means 14 Cooling device 15 Non-evaporated liquid recovery tank 16 Heat exchanger 17 Safety valve 18 Nozzle 19 Pipeline 20 Grid 20a Reservoirs 21 to 27 pipeline

Claims (10)

Purify the gas generated in the woody biomass gas generation furnace and operate the power generation device by burning the gas, and distill the wastewater generated during gas purification using waste heat from the power generation device to make wood vinegar A method for extracting a wood vinegar solution.   2. The vinegar liquid is obtained by evaporating the vinegar liquid by spraying the wastewater on a heat exchanger through which the high-temperature gas discharged from the power generator passes after the tar content is separated. Extraction method of wood vinegar. 3. The method for extracting pyroligneous acid according to claim 2, wherein the high-temperature gas supplied for heat exchange is supplied after passing through at least a hot water boiler or an air cooling device. A woody biomass gas generating furnace, a purification device, and a power generation device that generates electricity using the gas purified by the purification device, further distilling waste water from the purification device by waste heat from the power generation device, A pyroligneous acid extraction device comprising a pyroligneous acid purifying means for purifying a liquid.   5. The pyroligneous acid extraction device according to claim 4, further comprising: a tar separation device that stores the wastewater and a pump that supplies the wastewater from which tar content is separated to the pyroligneous acid purification unit.   The said wood vinegar liquid refinement | purification means is equipped with the heat exchanger which lets the hot gas discharged | emitted from the electric power generating apparatus pass, and the spraying means which sprays a waste_water | drain liquid to the said heat exchanger. 5. An apparatus for extracting a vinegar liquid according to 5.   The wood vinegar liquid refining means includes a heat exchanger that passes the high-temperature gas discharged from the power generation device, a spraying means for spraying the waste liquid onto the heat exchanger, and a cooling means for cooling the generated steam. 6. A wood vinegar extraction apparatus according to claim 4 or 5, wherein:   The wood vinegar extraction device according to claim 6 or 7, wherein a hot water boiler using the high temperature gas and an air cooling device for cooling the high temperature gas are arranged upstream of the heat exchanger. . A woody biomass gas generating furnace, a purification device, and a power generation device that generates electricity using the gas purified by the purification device, further distilling waste water from the purification device by waste heat from the power generation device, A wood vinegar liquid purification means for purifying the liquid, and a solid material recovery means capable of recovering the solid matter mixed in the crude wood vinegar liquid at the bottom of the wood vinegar liquid purification means Extraction device. The solid substance collect | recovered from the pyroligneous acid extraction apparatus of the said Claim 9.

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