JP2005164306A - Abnormality diagnostic method and ultrasonic diagnostic system for grease - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To diagnose an abnormal condition of a portion applied with grease for an operation device such as a circuit breaker not operated to be opened and closed for a long period. <P>SOLUTION: An ultrasonic signal is made incident into the portion applied with the grease, a transmitted or reflected ultrasonic signal is detected by an ultrasonic receiver, and an amplitude of a detected waveform of a transmitted or reflected wave and a duration of the detected waveform, or either of the amplitude of the detected waveform or the duration of the detected waveform is compared with an amplitude of a detected waveform and/or a duration of the detected waveform in a normal time, so as to diagnose the abnormal condition of the grease. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a grease abnormality diagnosis method and an ultrasonic diagnosis system having a portion where grease is applied.

  The circuit breakers, disconnectors, earthing switches, etc. in the power transmission / reception facilities are opened / closed by the operating devices. This operating device is connected to a control power source by an operation command push button, an auxiliary relay, and a trip coil, and the operation power source is connected to a motor, a contact of the auxiliary relay, and a mechanical lock mechanism operated by the trip coil. Is formed.

Normally, an operating device such as a circuit breaker that is operating the power transmission / reception power distribution facility does not open and close and is in a “closed” state, and current is supplied from the power source side to the load side. Here, when an accident such as a one-line ground fault occurs, an “open” command is generated, and an “open” operation starts when current flows through the tripping coil of the circuit breaker, and finally the movable part of the circuit breaker operates. As a result, the current is cut off. By the way, an abnormality may occur in an operating device such as a circuit breaker that performs opening and closing operations several times. Causes of this abnormality include solidification of grease at the hook, grease depletion, galling, and deformation. In particular, the solidification of grease is a phenomenon in which grease that is normally applied so as to operate smoothly is solidified when the grease has not been operated for a long period of time, and it does not move even if the operating device tries to operate. In the maintenance of conventional actuators, the presence or absence of grease was confirmed during periodic inspections, and if there was any abnormality, grease was applied, or the actuator was operated to check whether there was an abnormality in the grease part.

  In addition, as a method of diagnosing abnormalities in the opening / closing operation of the controller, the current waveform of the control power supply and the current waveform of the operation power supply are recorded, and the time difference between the recorded current waveforms is calculated, When the operation value becomes longer than the control value set in advance, the operation characteristic of the operation device is abnormal.

  The firmness of the hook part is caused by the fact that the grease has hardened because the opening / closing operation has not been performed for a long time. In the conventional abnormality diagnosis method using the control power supply current waveform and the operation power supply current waveform, such an abnormality There was a problem that could not be found.

JP-A-11-273510

  The problem to be solved is that it is impossible to diagnose an abnormal state of a part to which grease of an operating device such as a circuit breaker that has not been opened and closed for a long period of time.

  The present invention makes an ultrasonic signal incident on a site where grease is applied, detects the transmitted or reflected ultrasonic signal with an ultrasonic receiver, and detects the amplitude of the detected waveform of the transmitted wave or reflected wave and the duration of the detected waveform, Alternatively, either the detected waveform amplitude or the detected waveform duration is compared with the detected waveform amplitude at normal time and the detected waveform duration to diagnose the abnormal state of the grease.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to diagnose whether the grease-applied part can operate normally, and when an abnormality is detected, it is possible to prevent a sudden accident from occurring due to maintenance due to a planned stoppage or the like. There is an advantage that you can.

  The purpose of diagnosing the abnormal condition of grease such as the hook part of the actuator is to apply a transmitted wave or reflected wave of ultrasonic waves, and to detect the difference in the detected waveform due to the difference in signal transmission between the grease liquid (gel) and solid It was realized by discriminating.

  FIG. 1 shows an abnormality diagnosis system for an operating device such as a circuit breaker as an example of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the abnormality diagnosis system of the present embodiment is attached to the outside of the hook portion of the signal generator 5 which generates a pulse or a single frequency continuous signal and the operation unit 1, An ultrasonic transmitter 4a having an ultrasonic transducer that transmits ultrasonic waves by a signal, and disposed on the opposite side of the ultrasonic transmitter 4a across the joint surface of the hook portion, and applied to the hook portion of the operating device 1 An ultrasonic receiver 4b that detects an ultrasonic signal that has passed through the grease, a measuring device 6 that detects a voltage generated by the ultrasonic receiver 4b, and an abnormality diagnosis algorithm that performs an abnormality diagnosis from a waveform input to the measuring device 6 And a diagnostic device 7 having

  Grease is applied to a portion of the hook 1 of the operating device 1 where the lever 11 is removed, and the hook is easily detached when the lever 11 is operated. In order to diagnose whether or not the hook is removed, it is only necessary to diagnose whether the grease is a liquid in a normal state (gel form) or an abnormal state in which the grease is accumulated.

  FIG. 2 shows a signal input waveform and a detection waveform when a pulse is input. For the pulse input signal of FIG. 2 (a), the detected waveform when the grease is normal is FIG. 2 (b), and the detected waveform when the grease is abnormal is FIG. 2 (c). Since the case of FIG. 2 is a case where a pulse is input, the detected waveform is a waveform attenuated by the influence of reflection or the like. The state of the grease when it is abnormal is solid, and the signal when it is normal is easier to transmit signals than when it is liquid (gel), so the amplitude of the detected waveform is larger when the grease is abnormal. Further, since the signal attenuation is small, the duration of the detected waveform is also long.

  FIG. 5 shows an example of a detection waveform when a pulse is input, and the amplitude d of the detection waveform and the duration Δt of the detection waveform are determination parameters.

  From the above, the abnormal condition of the grease is diagnosed by either the amplitude d of the waveform detected by the ultrasonic receiver and the duration Δt of the detected waveform, or the amplitude d of the detected waveform and the duration Δt of the detected waveform. Is possible.

  Preferably, a method of diagnosing both the amplitude d of the detected waveform and the duration Δt of the detected waveform is preferable.

  FIG. 3 shows a signal input waveform and a detection waveform when a single frequency continuous signal is input. An ultrasonic wave having a frequency band of several tens of kHz to several MHz is used. With respect to the single frequency continuous input signal of FIG. 3A, the detected waveform when the grease is normal is FIG. 3B, and the detected waveform when the grease is abnormal is FIG. 3C. Similar to the detection waveform for the pulse input signal in FIG. 2, the amplitude of the detection waveform is larger when the grease is abnormal than when the grease is normal, and diagnosis of an abnormal state is possible.

  Further, FIG. 4 shows frequency characteristics when the incident frequency is changed. FIG. 4 shows the amplitude of the detected waveform when the grease is liquid (gel-like) or solid when continuous signals having the same amplitude but different frequencies are incident. As can be seen from FIG. 4, the detected waveform is less likely to attenuate up to the high frequency band when the grease is in a solid state than in a normal state when the grease is liquid (gel). In the case of f1 (for example, 140 kHz) in the low frequency band, the amplitude of the detected waveform at normal time and in the abnormal state is not so different, whereas in the case of the high frequency band (for example, 1 MHz), the amplitude of the detected waveform. The difference increases.

  By utilizing the frequency characteristic of such a detected waveform and taking the ratio of the amplitude of the detected waveform at the frequency f1 to the amplitude of the detected waveform at the frequency f2, the accuracy of the abnormality diagnosis is further improved. It is possible.

  Although the description of the above embodiment has been made with two different frequencies, it is possible to diagnose an abnormality by taking the ratio of the amplitudes of the detected waveforms at different frequencies.

  Usually, some ultrasonic sensors have a wide frequency band, but both sensitivity and accuracy deteriorate. Therefore, when making a diagnosis in a different frequency band, a sensor having a resonance frequency that matches the frequency to be diagnosed is used. For example, when diagnosing in two frequency bands of f1 and f2, diagnosis is performed by attaching ultrasonic sensors having resonance frequencies of f1 and f2, respectively.

  In another embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 6 shows an abnormality diagnosis system for an operating device that uses only one ultrasonic sensor and also performs transmission and reception. As shown in the figure, the abnormality diagnosis system according to the present embodiment includes a signal generator 5 that generates a continuous signal of a pulse or a single frequency, and a signal from the signal generator 5 that is attached to the outside of the hook portion of the operating device. An ultrasonic sensor 4 that serves as both an ultrasonic transmitter having an ultrasonic transducer for transmitting ultrasonic waves and an ultrasonic receiver for detecting an ultrasonic signal reflected from the grease applied to the hook portion of the operating device; The measuring device 6 for detecting the voltage generated by the ultrasonic receiver and the diagnostic device 7 having an abnormality diagnosis algorithm for performing abnormality diagnosis from the waveform input to the measuring device 6 are generally configured.

  FIG. 7 is a conceptual diagram for detecting a reflected wave. When an ultrasonic wave is incident from the ultrasonic wave transmitter, the signal is reflected at a portion where the grease 3 is applied on the joint surface between the input side 15 of the hook portion and the output portion 16. The non-reflected signal is transmitted as a transmitted wave.

  FIG. 8 shows a signal input waveform and a detection waveform when a pulse is input. After the input waveform is detected, the reflected wave is detected. FIG. 8A shows a normal waveform when the grease is liquid (gel), and FIG. 8B shows an abnormal waveform when the grease is solid. Contrary to the case of using the transmitted wave in the first embodiment, the amplitude of the detected waveform is larger and the duration of the detected waveform is longer in the normal state, but an abnormal condition can be diagnosed.

  Example 1 and Example 2 described the abnormality diagnosis of grease applied to the hook part of an operating device such as a circuit breaker, a disconnecting switch, and a ground switch in a power transmission / reception power distribution facility, but applied to the hook part of the operating device. Not limited to grease, it can be applied anywhere as long as it uses grease.

The block diagram of the abnormality diagnosis system of the operating device which is one Example of this invention. The ultrasonic input pulse signal and detection signal waveform of one Example of this invention. The continuous signal and detection signal waveform of the single frequency of one Example of this invention. The frequency characteristic figure of the ultrasonic input signal and detection signal of one Example of this invention. The figure which shows the diagnostic parameter of the detection signal of one Example of this invention. The block diagram of the abnormality diagnosis system of the operating device which receives the reflected wave which is one Example of this invention. The conceptual diagram of the reflected wave and transmitted wave of one Example of this invention. The figure which shows the reflected wave detection signal of one Example of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Operation device, 3 ... Grease, 4 ... Ultrasonic sensor, 5 ... Signal generator, 6 ... Measuring device, 7 ... Diagnostic apparatus, 11, 12 ... Lever, 15 ... Signal input side, 16 ... Signal output side, 21 ... reflected waves,
22: Transmitted wave.

Claims (12)

  The ultrasonic wave output from the ultrasonic generator is incident on the grease-applied portion to transmit the ultrasonic wave, and the transmitted ultrasonic signal is detected by the ultrasonic receiver, and is detected by the ultrasonic receiver. An abnormality diagnosis method for grease using ultrasonic waves, wherein an abnormality state of the grease is diagnosed from a waveform.   The ultrasonic wave output from the ultrasonic generator is incident on the grease-applied part and the ultrasonic signal reflected from the grease-applied part is detected by the ultrasonic receiver and detected by the ultrasonic receiver. An abnormality diagnosis method for grease using ultrasonic waves, wherein an abnormality state of the grease is diagnosed from a waveform.   The method for diagnosing grease abnormality using ultrasonic waves according to claim 1, wherein the ultrasonic waves output from the ultrasonic generator are pulses or continuous signals having a single frequency.   The grease abnormality diagnosis is performed by comparing the amplitude of the waveform detected by the ultrasonic receiver and / or the duration of the detected waveform with the amplitude of the detected waveform at the normal time and / or the duration of the detected waveform. The method for diagnosing an abnormality of grease by ultrasonic waves according to claim 1 or 2, wherein an abnormal state is diagnosed.   The grease abnormality diagnosis is performed by comparing the ratio of the amplitude of the ultrasonic detection waveform having different frequencies detected by the ultrasonic receiver with the ratio of the amplitude of the detection waveform in the normal state at each frequency. The method for diagnosing a grease abnormality by ultrasonic waves according to claim 1 or 2, wherein an abnormality state of the grease is diagnosed.   3. The grease-applied portion is a hook portion to which grease of an operating device such as a circuit breaker, a disconnecting switch, a grounding switch, etc. in a power transmission / reception power distribution facility is applied. Method for diagnosing grease abnormalities using ultrasonic waves.   An ultrasonic generator that outputs ultrasonic waves, an ultrasonic receiver that detects an ultrasonic signal transmitted through a grease-applied portion, and a waveform detected by the ultrasonic receiver are used as inputs to diagnose grease abnormalities. An ultrasonic diagnostic system comprising a diagnostic device.   An ultrasonic generator that outputs ultrasonic waves, an ultrasonic receiver that detects an ultrasonic signal reflected from a portion where grease has been applied, and a waveform detected by the ultrasonic receiver are used as inputs to diagnose an abnormality in grease. An ultrasonic diagnostic system comprising a diagnostic device.   The ultrasonic diagnostic system according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the ultrasonic generator outputs a pulse or a continuous signal having a single frequency.   The ultrasonic receiver detects the amplitude of the detected waveform and / or the duration of the detected waveform, and the diagnostic device detects the detected amplitude of the detected waveform and / or the duration of the detected waveform and the normal time. The ultrasonic diagnostic system according to claim 7 or 8, wherein an abnormality state of the grease is diagnosed by comparing an amplitude of the detection waveform and / or a duration of the detection waveform.   The diagnostic apparatus compares the ratio of the amplitudes of the ultrasonic detection signals output from the ultrasonic generator with different frequencies and the ratio of the amplitudes of the detection waveforms at normal times at the respective frequencies, The ultrasonic diagnostic system according to claim 7 or 8, wherein an abnormal state is diagnosed. 9. The grease-applied portion is a hook portion to which grease of an operating device such as a circuit breaker, a disconnect switch, or a ground switch in a power transmission / reception power distribution facility is applied. Ultrasound diagnostic system.

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