JP2005152894A - Inner surface washing device for container and formation method for detonation washing device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a device for washing an inner surface of a container by detonation. <P>SOLUTION: The detonation washing device can be provided so as to cope with a desired embodiment by fixing a plurality of conduit segments (362, 363, 364, 360, 366) in series so as to make a suitable constitution. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to industrial equipment, and more particularly to detonative cleaning of industrial equipment.

Surface fouling is a significant problem in industrial equipment. Such equipment includes furnaces (such as coal, petroleum, waste), boilers, gasifiers, reactors, heat exchangers, and the like. Typically, industrial equipment includes a vessel with an internal heat exchange surface on which fouling or slag due to deposition of particles of ash, minerals and other combustion products and combustion by-products and soot More concentrated deposits such as fouling are likely to occur. Such particle deposition can gradually hinder the operation of the facility, reducing efficiency and throughput and causing damage. Thus, cleaning equipment is highly desirable, but with some associated problems. In many cases, direct access to the fouling surface is difficult. Furthermore, it is desirable to minimize the downtime and cleaning costs associated with industrial equipment to maintain revenue. Various techniques have been proposed so far. As examples, Patent Documents 1 to 3 describe various techniques. Another technique is disclosed in Non-Patent Document 1. Non-Patent Documents 2 and 3 describe specific explosion wave techniques. Such an apparatus is also described in US Pat. These devices are often referred to as “soot blowers” after the exemplary application of this technology.
US Pat. No. 5,494,004 US Pat. No. 6,438,191 US Patent Application No. 2002/0112638 Yugoslavia Patent No. P1756 / 88 Specification Yugoslavia Patent No. P1728 / 88 Specification Hugh zet. (Huque, Z.), "Experimental Investigation of Slag Removal Using Pulse Detonation Wave Technique, 19th Annual DOE / HBCU / Miami 19th Annual Symposium". March 16-18 Hanjalic Kay. (Hanjalic, K.) and Samajevik Eye. (Smajevic, I.), Cleaning of boiler heating surfaces using detonation waves (Further Experience Waves for Cleaning Boiler Heating Surfaces), International Energy Research Journal Vol. 17 (International Journal of Renewal Energy). 1993, p. 583-595 Hanjalic Kay. (Hanjalic, K.) and Samajevik Eye. (Smajevic, I.), “Detonation-Wave Technology for On-load Deposition of Surfaces Exposed to Foaling I, II to remove deposits from fouling surface during loading. , Gas Turbine and Power Engineering Journal, ASME Bulletin Vol. 1 (Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power, Transactions of the ASME, Vol. 1), January 1994, p. 223-236

  Regardless of the technology described above, further improvements are sought in the art.

  One aspect of the present invention includes a container internal surface cleaning apparatus. The container wall separates the exterior and interior of the container and has a wall opening. The apparatus includes a source of fuel and oxidant and an igniter that initiates the reaction of fuel and oxidant. The elongated conduit includes a first end and a second end and directs a gas flow resulting from the reaction of the fuel and oxidant to be released from the second end through the wall opening. It is arranged as follows. The conduit includes a plurality of segments fixed in series.

In various embodiments, at least three segments, which has a length of 1~3m along the gas flow path has a characteristic internal cross-sectional area of 0.006~0.3m ^2. Also, at least three of the segments include a tubular body having a first end and a second end, and first and second bolted flanges proximate to the first and second ends, respectively. , Respectively. A nozzle assembly may extend at least partially through the container wall. At least one of the segments can be an elbow. The conduit is between a substantially straight first portion, a substantially straight second portion located upstream of the first portion, and the first portion and the second portion. It may consist substantially of three parts: a non-linear third part located. The second portion and the third portion can have substantially similar internal cross sections. The first portion can include a downstream portion, an upstream portion, and a transition portion. The downstream portion can have an internal cross section that is substantially similar to the second portion and the third portion. The internal cross section of the upstream portion may be smaller than the downstream portion. The internal cross section of the transition portion can vary from an internal cross section substantially similar to the internal cross section of the upstream portion to an internal cross section substantially similar to the downstream portion. The first part and the second part may be parallel and offset. Further, the first portion and the second portion can be arranged at a non-zero angle (20 ° to 160 °) with respect to each other.

  Another aspect of the present invention includes a method for forming a detonation cleaning apparatus for cleaning the inner surface of a container. The appropriate cross-sectional area of the combustion line and the appropriate length of the combustion line are determined. An appropriate path for the combustion line is determined in view of environmental issues. The appropriate combination of combustion line segments forming the combustion line is determined such that the combustion line is positioned along the appropriate path.

  In various embodiments, the segment can be selected from a plurality of preset line segment shapes.

  The segments can include at least one linear segment and at least one curved segment. At least some of the segments include a tubular body having a first end and a second end, and first and second mounting flanges proximate to the first and second ends, respectively. Can be included. Appropriate pre-bomb shape can be determined. A drawing of the above device can be created and the device can be assembled.

  The details of one or more examples of the invention are set forth in the accompanying drawings and the embodiments below. Other features, objects, and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the embodiments and drawings, and from the claims.

  FIG. 1 illustratively shows a furnace 20 having three associated soot blowers 22. In the illustrated embodiment, the furnace vessel is in the shape of a cuboid and the soot blowers are all associated with a single common wall 24 of the vessel and are arranged at a similar height along the wall. Other configurations are possible (such as a single soot blower, one or more soot blowers each provided at multiple heights).

  Each soot blower 22 includes an elongated combustion line 26 extending from an upstream distal end 28 remote from the furnace wall 24 to a downstream proximal end 30 proximate the wall 24. However, the end 30 can also be provided completely inside the furnace. During the operation of each soot blower 22, the combustion of the fuel / oxidant mixture in line 26 begins near the upstream end (within 10% from the upstream of the line length), and the surface within the internal volume of the furnace is A detonation wave is generated that is released as a shock wave along with the associated combustion gas from the downstream end for cleaning. Each soot blower 22 can be associated with a fuel / oxidant source 32. Such a source, or one or more parts thereof, can be shared between separate soot blowers 22. The exemplary source 32 includes a liquefied or pressurized gaseous fuel cylinder 34 and an oxygen cylinder 36 provided in corresponding containment structures 38, 40. In an exemplary embodiment, the oxidant is a first oxidant such as substantially pure oxygen. The second oxidant may be factory air supplied from a central air supply 42. In the exemplary embodiment, air is stored in the air accumulator 44. The expanded fuel from the cylinder 34 is generally stored in a fuel accumulator 46. The exemplary sources 32 are each connected to the associated conduit 26 by appropriate piping located below. Similarly, the soot blowers 22 each include an ignition box 50 that initiates combustion of the fuel oxidant mixture, which is controlled by a control and monitoring device (not shown) along with the supply source 32. FIG. 1 shows that the wall 24 includes several ports for inspection and / or measurement. Exemplary ports include an optical monitoring port 54 and a temperature monitoring port 56 associated with each soot blower 22, which are infrared and / or for observation of the surface to be cleaned and internal temperature monitoring. Accepts a visible light video camera and a thermocouple probe, respectively. Other probes / monitoring / sampling may be utilized for pressure monitoring, composition sampling, and the like.

FIG. 2 shows other details of an exemplary soot blower 22. An exemplary detonation conduit 26 includes a series of conduit portions or conduit segments 60 with flanges on both sides arranged from upstream to downstream, and a downstream portion 64 extending through a wall opening 66. And a downstream nozzle line portion that terminates at the downstream outlet 30 exposed to the furnace interior 68, ie, a downstream nozzle line segment 62, or a downstream nozzle line segment 62. The term nozzle is widely used and does not require the presence of aerodynamic contraction, expansion, or a combination thereof. An exemplary conduit segment material is a metal (such as stainless steel). An outlet 30 can be provided deeper in the furnace if adequate support and cooling is provided. FIG. 2 further shows tube bundles 70 inside the furnace, and fouling is likely to occur on the outer surface of these tube bundles. In the exemplary embodiment, the conduit segments 60 are each supported on an associated trolley 72 and the wheels of the trolley 72 engage a track device 74 provided along the floor 76 of the facility. The exemplary track device 74 includes a pair of parallel rails that engage the concave peripheral surface of the wheel of the trolley 72. Exemplary segment 60 is similar in length L _1, and is bolted in series by columns of the corresponding corresponding bolt provided on the bolt holes in the flange. Similarly, the downstream flange of the most downstream segment 60 is bolted to the upstream flange of the nozzle 62. In an exemplary embodiment, a reaction strap 80 (e.g., cotton or a thermally / structurally rugged synthetic material) includes one or more metal coil reaction springs 82 on the last coupled flange pair, and Environmental structures such as combustion lines and furnace walls that are connected in series and elastically absorb reaction forces associated with the discharge of the soot blower 22 and are accurately positioned in the next ignition. And connect. Further, an additional attenuation means (not shown) can be provided. The reaction strap / spring combination can be configured in series or as a loop. In the exemplary embodiment, the overall length of the combined downstream section is L _2. Another elastic recoil absorbing means may include a non-metallic or non-coiled spring or rubber or other elastic element, such as at least partially by tension, compressive force, and / or shear force, such as a pneumatic recoil absorber. It is advantageous to be elastically deformed.

Predetonator conduit section / segment 84, from the upstream end portion 28 extends downstream, it is possible also in this predetonator Todorokikanro segment comprising a flange on both sides, it has a length L _3. The pre-explosive soot line segment 84 is smaller than the characteristic internal cross-sectional area (eg, average, median, mode, etc.) of the downstream portions 60, 62 of the combustion line (line axis / centerline of the line) Characteristic internal cross-sectional area (crossing 500). In an exemplary embodiment that includes a circular cross-section conduit segment, the pre-explosion cross-sectional area is characterized by a diameter of 8-12 cm and the downstream portion is characterized by a diameter of 20-40 cm. Thus, an exemplary cross-sectional area ratio of the downstream portion to the pre-detonation segment is 1: 1 to 10: 1, more narrowly 2: 1 to 10: 1. The total length L between the end portions 28 and 30 can be 1 to 15 m, and more narrowly 5 to 15 m. In the exemplary embodiment, transition line segment 86 extends between pre-detonation segment 84 and most upstream segment 60. Segment 86 has upstream and downstream flanges that are sized to mate with the corresponding flanges of segments 84, 60 and has an interior surface that provides a smooth transition between the internal cross-sections of these segments 84, 60. Exemplary segment 86 has a length L _4. An exemplary spread half angle of the inner surface of the segment 86 is ≦ 12 °, more narrowly 5-10 °.

  The fuel / oxidant charge can be introduced into the detonation line in various ways. There may be one or more different fuel / oxidant mixtures. Such a mixture can be premixed outside the detonation line, or it can be mixed at or after introduction into the line. FIG. 3 shows segments 84 and 86 configured to separately charge two different fuel / oxidizer formulations, a pre-detonation formulation and a main formulation. In the exemplary embodiment, in the upstream portion of the segment 84, a pair of pre-explosive fuel injection lines 90 are connected to a port 92 provided in the segment wall that defines the fuel injection port. Similarly, a pair of pre-explosive oxidant lines 94 are connected to the oxidant inlet port 96. In the exemplary embodiment, these ports are provided in the upstream half of the length of segment 84. In the exemplary embodiment, each fuel injection port 92 is paired with an associated oxidant port 96 that is at the same axial position as the associated oxidant port and opposed injection mix of fuel and oxidant. (Provided by way of example as 90 °, but other angles including 180 ° are possible). As will be described in more detail below, a purge gas line 98 is connected to the purge gas port 100 located further upstream. An end plate 102 bolted to the upstream flange of the segment 84 seals the upstream end of the combustion line and has an operative end 108 inside the segment 84 (such as a spark plug). Passes through the end plate 102.

  In the exemplary embodiment, main fuel and main oxidant are input to segment 86. In the illustrated embodiment, main fuel is carried by several main fuel lines 112 and main oxidant is carried by several main oxidant lines 110. Each main oxidant line 110 has a termination that concentrically surrounds the associated fuel line 112 so that main fuel and main oxidant are mixed at the associated inlet 114. In the exemplary embodiment, the fuel is a variety of hydrocarbons. In a particular exemplary embodiment, both fuels are the same and are drawn from the same fuel source, but with different oxidizers or substantially pure oxygen for a pre-detonation mixture and air for the main mixture, respectively. Mixed. An exemplary fuel useful in this case is propane, MAPP gas, or a mixture thereof. Other fuels including ethylene and liquid fuels (such as diesel oil, kerosene, and jet flight fuel) can also be used. The oxidant may comprise a mixture, such as an air / oxygen mixture in a ratio suitable to obtain the desired main detonation and / or pre-detonation charge chemistry. In addition, a monopropellant fuel having a molecularly combined fuel and an oxidant component may be an option.

  In operation, the combustion line is emptied with the exception of air (or other purge gas) at the beginning of the use cycle. Next, pre-detonation fuel and pre-depletion oxidant are injected via the associated ports, filling segment 84 and partially extending into segment 86 (eg, near midpoint), advantageously Spreads just beyond the fuel / oxidant port. Subsequently, the flow of pre-explosive fuel and pre-explosive oxidant is stopped. An exemplary volume that is filled by the pre-detonation fuel and pre-detonation oxidant is 1-40% of the volume of the combustion line, more narrowly 1-20%. Next, the main fuel and the main oxidant are charged so as to substantially fill a part (for example, 20 to 100%) of the remaining volume of the combustion line. Subsequently, the flow of main fuel and main oxidant is stopped. Pre-loading the pre-explosive fuel and pre-explosive oxidant across the main fuel / oxidant port may result in the formation of air or other non-combustible slag between the pre-explosive charge and the main charge Almost disappears. Such slag can interfere with the movement of the combustion surface between the two charges.

  With the charge applied, the ignition box is activated to provide a spark discharge for the igniter and a pre-detonation charge is ignited. The pre-detonation charge is selected such that the combustion has a very fast chemistry, and the initial deflagration rapidly changes to detonation within segment 84 to generate detonation waves. When such detonation waves occur, they effectively pass through the main charge, which may have a sufficiently slow chemistry in the pipeline to not detonate itself. The detonation wave travels longitudinally downstream and emerges from the downstream end 30 as a shock wave inside the furnace, typically impinging on the surface to be cleaned so as to at least loosen contamination (contaminants), Give mechanical shock. Following the detonation wave, pressurized combustion products are released from the detonation line, and the released products emerge from the downstream end 30 as a jet (such as by removal of loose material) cleaning process. Finish further. After or simultaneously with the release of such combustion products, a purge gas (eg, air from the same source supplying the main oxidant and / or nitrogen) is introduced through the purge port 100 and finally The pre-detonation line is filled with purge gas in preparation for repeating the cycle (with immediate or next regular or irregular intervals, according to manual or automatic decisions by the control and monitoring device) as well as expelling fresh combustion products. Also, the basic flow of purge gas can be maintained between fill / discharge cycles to prevent gas and particles from entering upstream from inside the furnace and to assist in cooling the detonation line. .

  In various embodiments, the internal surface reinforcement may substantially increase the internal surface area beyond the internal surface area of the substantially cylindrical and frustoconical segments. Such an enhancement may be effective in sustaining a change from deflagration to detonation or detonation waves. FIG. 4 shows an inner surface reinforcing portion provided inside one main segment 60. An exemplary reinforcement is substantially a chin spiral, but other reinforcements such as a Shechelkin spiral or a Smirnov cavity can also be used. This spiral is constituted by a spiral member 120. The exemplary member 120 is formed as a metallic element having a circular cross section with a diameter of about 8-20 mm. Other cross sections may be used. The exemplary member 120 is held apart from the interior surface of the segment by a plurality of longitudinal elements 122. This exemplary longitudinal element 122 is a rod of cross-section and material similar to member 120 and is welded to the inner surface of member 120 and associated segment 60. Such enhancements can be utilized to provide pre-detonation instead of or in addition to the techniques described above for different charges and different combustor cross-sectional areas.

  The apparatus of the present invention can be used in a wide range of applications. For example, in a typical coal-fired furnace, the apparatus of the present invention comprises a pendant or secondary superheater, a convection flow path (temporary superheater and economizer bundle), an air preheater, a selective catalyst remover (SCR) scrubber, a bug It can be applied to houses or electrostatic precipitators, economizer hoppers, ash or other thermal deposits on heat transfer surfaces or other surfaces. The applicability of the present invention also exists in other applications such as oil burning furnaces, black liquor recovery boilers, biomass boilers, waste recycling burners (garbage burners).

  FIG. 6 shows an exemplary trolley 72 and track device 74 in more detail. The exemplary track device includes a pair of parallel right-angle channel elements 140 with apexes (eg, steel) located above the mounting plate 142, such as by welding. The mounting plate is fixed to the floor 76 by bolts (not shown) provided in the bolt holes 144. The exemplary trolley includes a structural frame 150 having a pair of left and right longitudinal members 152 and front and rear transverse members 154. Wheels 156 are attached to the hanging bracket 158 on the left and right sides of each transverse member. The perimeter of the wheel has a recess (such as a right-angled V-shaped groove 160) and accepts the apex of the right-angle channel element 140. The exemplary trolley has means for supporting the associated conduit segment and means for securing the segment in place. Exemplary support means includes a pair of front and rear conduit / tube fasteners 170 that are respectively disposed and supported by nuts 172 on left and right threaded shafts 174 secured to the frame at the lower ends. Has been. Fastener 170 has a concave surface 176 that is complementary to the body outer surface of the associated conduit segment to support the segment from below. The securing means includes similar top brackets 180 that are also attached to the shaft 174 and are held downwards in place so as to be in compression engagement with the segments by nuts 182.

  There are several options for using the trolley. The individual segments can be pre-assembled into the associated trolley and rolled along the track device to a predetermined position, where the segments can be secured together via end flanges. Degradation may reverse this process. The combustion line may be moved as a unit by trolley (if it is not desirable to always insert the downstream part of the line into the furnace). In addition, as described above, movement associated with longitudinal thermal expansion and / or recoil during the discharge cycle can be absorbed as a unit while maintaining alignment of the line segments.

  FIG. 7 shows another apparatus 200 in which the combustion line 202 is suspended by a bracket 204 (eg, provided as part of a separate support structure or secured to the ceiling or roof 206 of the facility). Yes. Such a device may be particularly useful when the conduit 202 is located high on the facility floor. The exemplary apparatus 200 guides a conduit 202 around environmental obstacles outside the furnace. Exemplary obstacles include upper and lower tube bundles 210, 212 between which the conduit passes. In the exemplary embodiment, a conduit is provided to bypass the tube bundle so that the outlet 214 can be located at a location on the furnace wall corresponding to one of the two tube bundles. In such a situation, the straight line is obstructed by the bundle. Therefore, one or a plurality of curved portions 216 are provided in the pipe line corresponding to the tube bundle.

  An exemplary support device includes upstream and intermediate spring hangers 220, 222 connected from upstream to downstream by turnbuckle devices 224, 226 to associated line segments. Exemplary spring hangers are available from LISEGA, Inc., Newport, Tennessee. In the exemplary embodiment, spring hanger 222 may have a substantially higher allowable load due to the relatively high static load at that location. The particular combination of hanger sizing is along the pipeline, taking into account the mass parameters (such as the center of gravity and mass distribution) of the pipeline, the strength parameters (such as various factors) of the pipeline, and additional support positions. Can be affected by the relative position of the hangers. The exemplary spring hanger functions as a substantially constant load hanger and has a substantially constant support tension over a range of operation. One function of the vertical compliance provided by the hanger is to accommodate vertical position changes related to the heat of the outlet 214 relative to the ceiling surface 206 or other combustion line support structure. For example, thermal expansion of the furnace wall can change the vertical position of the outlet in hot and cold conditions of the furnace (such as during operation and shutdown). In the embodiment of FIG. 2, an unsecured vertical connection between the conduit and the wall provides sufficient vertical play to the conduit within the excessive wall opening to accommodate such expansion. doing. However, when the connecting part is fixed, if the constant load hanger is not provided, the larger part of the mass of the pipe will be the wall of the furnace when the height of the pipe outlet is raised by the heat of the furnace. And a smaller part is placed on the upstream support part. This leads to shear force / bending force / moment and associated deformation. However, spring hangers tend to shrink and do not raise the attached segment to substantially increase the mass supported on the furnace wall, and in conjunction with increasing outlet height. Reduce / prevent at least some, preferably most, of the stresses that may occur. Accordingly, these hangers maintain the direction of the conduit substantially constant (eg, the main portion upstream of the conduit in a substantially horizontal direction).

  In the exemplary embodiment, a support structure 240 external to the combustion line further reinforces the associated segments combined. Such reinforcement advantageously addresses structural stresses associated with impact reflection occurring within the curved segment. In the illustrated embodiment, the structure further secures the downstream portion of the conduit to the furnace wall. In the exemplary embodiment, turnbuckle 226 is connected to fixture 242 by its lower threaded rod, and fixture 242 is secured to the upstream end of the support structure and is generated by the combustion process. It has a snubber 244 that attenuates it in response to possible lateral movement. In an exemplary embodiment, the fixed connection of the support structure to the furnace wall absorbs reaction forces and substantially prevents reaction. As long as the longitudinal thermal expansion of the conduit is an issue, the hanger with the associated conduit engaging fixture located at the bottom (e.g., with respect to the coupling position 246 and the coupling point 248 to the bracket 204 located above) ) Such expansion can be dealt with by providing it rotatably. In other embodiments, the fixed connection of the conduit to the wall can be eliminated and an elastic or damped connection can be provided.

  The support structure 240 is directly connected to a plurality of line segments with flanges at both ends, and the discharge valve assembly 250 and an exemplary existing horizontal structure I-shaped provided above and below the valve assembly 250. Such segments are connected to the wall 215 via beams 252 and 254. In the exemplary embodiment, extension beams 256 and 258 are welded to the outer flanges of corresponding beams 252 and 254. The exemplary beams 256, 258 are T-shaped beams, but I-shaped beams can also be used. In the illustrative embodiment, a pair of left and right beams 256 and left and right beams 258 are provided, and left and right I-shaped beams 260 are provided that extend vertically across the corresponding beams, respectively. Each I-beam 260 has an inner flange that is secured to the head flange of the associated beam 256,258.

  The combustion line includes a nozzle portion 268 that extends downstream through the access line 270 and the access valve 272 of the assembly 250. An access assembly is provided by access line 270, access valve 272, and wall mounting plate (not shown). Access valve 272 has a body with a downstream surface attached to the upstream flange of conduit 270. The nozzle 268 is secured to the body of the second valve or line valve 274 (see FIG. 8) and extends downstream therefrom. This body has a downstream surface attached to the upstream surface of the access valve 272 body. Valves 272 and 274 have corresponding sliders or gate elements 276 and 278 that are movable between open and closed positions. Subsequently, the downstream elbow portion 280 curved at 45 ° upstream includes a downstream flange attached to the upstream surface of the main body of the conduit valve 274 and an upstream flange attached to the downstream flange of the straight conduit segment 282. And having. The upstream flange of the segment 282 is attached to the downstream flange of the 45 ° second elbow 284. The upstream flange of the elbow portion 284 is secured to the downstream flange of the most downstream segment 286 of the main linear portion of the upstream combustion line. In the exemplary attachment, a reinforcing joint plate 288 is sandwiched between these two flanges. The upstream flange of the segment 286 is attached to the downstream flange of the penultimate segment 290 of the linear portion, and the other segments are similarly attached in succession to the other segments.

  The exemplary support structure 240 includes a pair of left and right downstream reinforcements 300 extending diagonally, and these reinforcements 300 are connected to the upstream end of the body of the valve 274 by a mounting bracket 302 and a downstream end. An upstream end connected to the downstream surface of the plate 288 by a mounting bracket 304. Left and right longitudinal reinforcements 306 are arranged vertically with the reinforcement 300, and these longitudinal reinforcements 306 have a downstream end connected to the upstream surface of the plate 288 by a bracket 308. An exemplary reinforcement has a U-shaped cross section including an inner vertical web and a lateral flange. Just inside the upstream and downstream flanges of segments 286, 290, reinforcements 306 are secured to each other by split fasteners 310 that compress and engage adjacent segment bodies. . In the exemplary embodiment, additional structural ribs 312 are welded to each reinforcement 306 along the downstream half of reinforcement 306 and are aligned with the web of reinforcement 306 from this web. Extends above the upper flange of 306.

  The reinforcement part helps to fix and reinforce the assembled segments 280, 282, 284, 286, 290. These reinforced segments are supported and restrained in the vertical direction against horizontal movement. In the illustrated embodiment, the hanger 222 (see FIG. 7) is located immediately upstream of the upstream end of the reinforcing portion 306. Additional hangers are provided by the downstream turnbuckle 320 near the downstream end of the reinforcement 300. In the exemplary embodiment, turnbuckle 320 has a threaded upper rod connected to a pivot 322 welded to the lower surface of the flange of beam 252 and a fastener on the body near the downstream end of the body of segment 280. And a threaded lower rod connected to a provided pivot 324. On the left and right sides of the conduit, first and second horizontal turnbuckles 328, 330 substantially restrain the reinforcement segment against downstream and upstream movement, respectively. In the exemplary embodiment, the first turnbuckle 328 extends between the downstream end of the associated reinforcement 300 and the vertical beam 260 upstream thereof, and the second turnbuckle 330 is connected to the plate 288. It extends between the downstream beam 260. In the exemplary embodiment, assembly 250 is disposed fixedly relative to wall 215. Under such conditions, the required compliance near the downstream end of the conduit is small and the exemplary turnbuckle 320 is not provided in connection with the spring hanger. Similarly, the lack of compliance is also associated with turnbuckles 328 and 330. However, in other embodiments, the discharge / outlet end of the conduit may not be fixed (eg, float to some extent relative to the wall opening). In such a state, it is possible to provide vertical and horizontal mounting portions that can be more flexibly accommodated, and the horizontal mounting portions selectively include elastic reaction absorbing means.

  In an exemplary installation sequence, a second valve is installed on the access valve as described in US patent application Ser. No. 10 / 733,533. Next, the downstream elbow portion 280 is fixed to the upstream surface of the main body of the pipe valve 274. At this time, the turnbuckle 320 can be installed. In addition to installing the straight segment 282 in the downstream elbow 280, the upstream elbow 284 can be installed in the straight segment 282. The joining plate 288 can be installed on the upstream flange of the elbow portion 284. Subsequently, the turnbuckles 328 and 330 can be installed after installing the downstream reinforcement 300 associated with the mounting brackets 302 and 304. Two segments 286, 290 located in the most downstream of the main straight line section can be assembled in sequence and the associated fasteners 310 can be installed therein. The reinforcing portion 306 can be installed on the fastener and the bracket 308, and these brackets are installed on the joining plate 288. Further, these segments, fasteners, reinforcing portions, and brackets can be assembled as a unit and then installed as a unit on the adapter plate 288 and the elbow portion 284. Downstream hanger assembly 222 can be installed with fixture 242 and snubber 244. The remaining full diameter conduit segment upstream can be installed with the upstream hanger assembly 220. Subsequently, after the pre-explosion conduit and the transition conduit are installed, the gas conduit, the control device, the instrument and the like can be installed.

  FIG. 9 shows a combustion line 350 extending from the upstream end 351 to the downstream end / outlet 352. The exemplary conduit 350 is such that the spacing between an obstacle, such as a building wall 354, in the opening 358 and the furnace wall 356 is small to provide a completely straight combustion conduit of the desired length. It is configured to be used in situations where too much. The exemplary combustion line 350 has a single right angle bend formed by a 90 ° line elbow segment 360 with flanges on both sides. The overall shape of the combustion conduit 350 can be similar to the combustion conduit described above (eg, as in FIG. 1). Lines are assembled by bolting line segments in series. Exemplary segments include a small diameter pre-explosion segment 362 from upstream to downstream, a transition segment 363 that changes in diameter from a small diameter of the pre-explosion segment to a relatively large downstream diameter of the remaining segments, complete It includes four segments 364 having a diameter, an elbow 360, and a nozzle 366 with a flange on one side.

  More complex situations can be accommodated by combinations of different segments. FIGS. 10 and 11 are exemplary conduits 380 that change in height corresponding to an obstruction such as the bundle of FIGS. 7 and 8 and have a bend corresponding to a wall or other obstruction 382. Is shown. Line 380 extends from upstream end 383 to a downstream end / outlet 384 at an opening provided in furnace wall 386. From upstream to downstream, the conduit consists of a small diameter pre-explosion segment 388, a transition segment 390, a first straight segment 400 having a full diameter, a 90 ° elbow 402, a second straight line having a full diameter. A segment 45, a first 45 ° elbow 406, a third straight segment 408 having a full diameter, a second 45 ° elbow 410, and a nozzle 412 with a flange on one side. These segments can be formed in the same manner as the corresponding segments of the conduits described above.

  FIG. 12 shows a typical line segment included in the kit. The exemplary kit includes a pre-explosion segment 430 with a small diameter and flanges on both sides. The upstream flange of this segment may have an end plate 432 that houses one or more inlets of igniters and / or fuel and / or oxidant components. The kit may further include a transition segment 434 with flanges on both sides. The kit can also include conduit segments with flanges on both sides and full diameter, with various different lengths (four different length segments 436, 438, 440, 442 is shown). There may be a variety of cases using some or all of these length segments. FIG. 12 further shows exemplary 45 ° and 90 ° elbow segments 444, 446 with flanges on both sides and having full diameter. A plurality of elbow segments can also be provided. Also, different angle ranges of elbow segments and different lengths of outlet / nozzle lines may be included (relatively short and relatively long lengths 448, 450 are shown). The different lengths of the outlet lines may correspond to one or both of the different thicknesses of the container wall or the overall length from the penultimate segment (final segment with flanges on both sides) to the outlet. it can. The latter element can also be accommodated by using the penultimate segment or a different combination of segments with a single length outlet line.

  In various embodiments, it may be appropriate or necessary to further modify the cross section of the conduit. For example, one or more segments with an intermediate cross section between the pre-explosion length and the most downstream length can be provided with suitable transition segments. In certain instances, there may not be enough space for one or more segments of full diameter to pass between obstacles at intermediate positions along the length of the conduit. Moreover, the passage of such an obstacle may be accompanied by changing the cross-sectional shape while substantially maintaining the cross-sectional area. For example, a circular cross-section can be changed to an elongated rectangular cross-section of similar area for passing between relatively close obstacles. In such a case, the cross-sectional shape of the transition segment may change. In other variations, one or more segments (including segments that pass through internal obstacles in a manner similar to passing through the external obstacles described above) are located entirely within the container. .

  An exemplary kit may include only the segments necessary for a particular combustion line or group of combustion lines in an installation. Such pipes can be designed first, and then an appropriate combination can be selected to obtain the desired pipe length taking into account obstacles and other constraints. Other constraints may include the location where the conduit enters the furnace, the angle of the conduit at this location, and the desired location of the upstream end of the conduit. For example, it may be desirable to position the upstream ends of multiple conduits relatively close for control efficiency. Also, a certain percentage of designs can be done on site. In such a case, the kit can include spare parts of various dimensions so that configuration selection in the field and experimental optimization in the field are possible.

  In addition, the kit includes bolts, reinforcements, hangers, trolleys and associated hardware, reaction straps / springs, fuel / oxidant / purge gas equipment, piping, control and monitoring hardware, gaskets, etc. that secure the segments together. Other components described above may be included. The kit may also include the heat shield flange, air curtain flange, and cooling nozzle component disclosed in US patent application Ser. Nos. 10/733717, 10/733510, and 10/733689. In addition, the kit can include an access device disclosed in US patent application Ser. No. 10 / 733,533.

  While one or more embodiments of the invention have been described, various changes can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. For example, the present invention can be provided for use with various industrial equipment and various sootblower technologies. The form of a particular embodiment can be influenced by the form of existing equipment and technology. Accordingly, other embodiments are within the scope of the claims.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of an industrial furnace provided in association with a plurality of soot blowers arranged for furnace cleaning. FIG. 2 is a side view of one soot blower of FIG. 1. It is a partial notch side view of the upstream edge part of the soot blower of FIG. FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of a main combustion segment of the soot blower of FIG. 2. FIG. 5 is an end view of the segment of FIG. 4. FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a conduit segment support trolley of the apparatus of FIG. It is a side view of another combustion pipeline. FIG. 8 is an illustration of the combustion conduit of FIG. 7 with the upper outer tube pack and various support features removed. It is a top view of another combustion pipeline. It is a top view of another combustion pipeline. It is a side view of the combustion pipe line of FIG. It is explanatory drawing of the combustion pipe of the typical dimension contained in a combustion pipe kit.

Explanation of symbols

350 ... Combustion line 351 ... Upstream end 352 ... Downstream end 354 ... Building wall 356 ... Furnace wall 358 ... Opening 360 ... Pipe elbow segment 362 ... Pre-explosion segment 363 ... Transition segment 364 ... With full diameter Segment 366 ... Nozzle

Claims (15)

A container internal surface cleaning device comprising a container wall having a wall opening and separating the outside and the inside of the container,
A source of fuel and oxidant;
An igniter that initiates a reaction between the fuel and the oxidant;
A first end and a second end, and arranged to direct a gas flow resulting from the reaction of the fuel and the oxidant to be released from the second end through the wall opening. And an elongate conduit including a plurality of segments fixed in series. The at least three of the segments have a length of 1 to 3 m along the gas flow path and a characteristic internal cross-sectional area of 0.006 to 0.3 m ^2. Equipment for cleaning internal surfaces of containers. At least three of the segments are
A tubular body comprising a first end and a second end;
The apparatus for cleaning an inner surface of a container according to claim 1, further comprising first and second mounting flanges respectively close to the first and second end portions.   The apparatus for cleaning an inner surface of a container according to claim 1, wherein a nozzle assembly extends at least partially through the container wall.   2. The apparatus for cleaning an inner surface of a container according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the segments is an elbow. The pipeline is
A substantially straight first portion;
A substantially straight second portion located upstream of the first portion;
The apparatus for cleaning an inner surface of a container according to claim 1, characterized by substantially consisting of three parts: a non-linear third part located between the first part and the second part. . The second and third portions have substantially similar internal cross sections;
The first part is
A downstream portion having an internal cross section substantially similar to the second and third portions;
An upstream portion having a smaller internal cross-section than the downstream portion;
7. A transition portion having an internal cross-section that changes from an internal cross-section substantially similar to the internal cross-section of the upstream portion to an internal cross-section substantially similar to the downstream portion. Device for cleaning the inner surface of the container.   The device for cleaning an inner surface of a container according to claim 6, wherein the first portion and the second portion are parallel and offset.   The device for cleaning an inner surface of a container according to claim 6, wherein the first portion and the second portion are arranged at an angle of 20 ° to 160 ° with respect to each other. A method for forming a detonation cleaning device for cleaning an inner surface of a container having a wall,
Determine the appropriate cross-sectional area of the combustion line of the device;
Determine the appropriate length of the combustion line;
Determine an appropriate route for the combustion line in consideration of environmental issues,
Determining an appropriate combination of combustion line segments that form the combustion line such that the combustion line is disposed along the appropriate path. Method.   The method for forming a detonation cleaning apparatus according to claim 10, wherein the combustion pipeline segment is selected from a plurality of preset pipeline segment shapes.   The method for forming a detonation cleaning apparatus according to claim 10, wherein the combustion line segment includes at least one linear segment and at least one curved segment. At least some of the combustion line segments are
A tubular body comprising a first end and a second end;
The method for forming a detonation cleaning apparatus according to claim 10, further comprising first and second mounting flanges respectively close to the first and second end portions.   The method of forming a detonation washing apparatus according to claim 10, wherein an appropriate predetonation shape is determined. Create a drawing of the detonation cleaning device,
The method for forming a detonation cleaning apparatus according to claim 10, which is combined with assembling the detonation cleaning apparatus.

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