JP2005140346A - Continuous combustion type small furnace device for biological waste such as poultry manure - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a continuous combustion type small furnace device for biological waste such as poultry manure capable of corresponding to the biological waste such as poultry manure in units of production site, sufficiently preventing air pollution by a continuous combustion type small scale furnace having no obligations of a structural criterion such as a dust collector, and providing effective utilization of a biomass resource by increasing an actual throughput. <P>SOLUTION: In a structure of a primary furnace, a deposit layer is constantly maintained porous even with respect to a raw material to be treated such as the poultry manure that consolidates easily, a necessary minimum of air is sent to carbon content combustion which is a gasification heat source, a quantity of combustion heat is effectively transferred into the deposit layer to be used as a heat source for pyrolysis and drying, a generation gas permeation speed from the deposit layer to an upper space is maintained small to prevent dust floating, and mixed foreign matter of the raw material to be treated is coped with without difficulty. And a structure is provided for carrying out gas combustion of produced gas by an even high temperature, adjusting high temperature exhaust gas to a proper temperature by heat exchange or outside air introduction, and precedently drying the raw material to be treated to prevent dust scattering even when increasing the actual throughput. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention is a small furnace of less than 200 kg per hour without broiler manure, poultry manure for egg collection, combine waste rice straw, horticultural waste material, chip residual bark, thinning material, etc. By using a continuous combustion system that can be manufactured at a relatively low cost, it is possible to reduce air pollution by increasing the actual throughput by drying the material with relatively high water content before combustion with combustion exhaust gas when necessary. The present invention relates to a small furnace that can prevent and effectively use the heat of combustion in an adjacent area.

  Conventionally, as a small combustion furnace, a simple batch type was generally used, but in the broiler feces, a continuous combustion type was used to provide a heat source for floor heating, and it was necessary to comply with the regulations on the amount of dioxins in the exhaust. Regulations are also being strengthened for dust and sulfur oxide emissions, and in batch systems, it is criticized that dioxins deviate from the regulation values at the start and end of combustion, and for floor heating, there is a temperature difference. Since the combustion is generally interrupted accordingly, the actual condition is not continuous combustion, and all of these require radical improvement. On the other hand, Japanese Patent Publication No. 5-57483, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-8064 and Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2000-356335 etc. have been accumulated, but it is difficult to adapt to biological waste such as chicken manure which is relatively high in moisture and easily fixed when compressed, and it is not possible to provide a steel plate barrier in the primary furnace. Heat resistance It was a flame, was the need for further improvements to meet the impending situation so that along to other entities.

  In a continuous charging type small combustion furnace for biological waste such as chicken manure, the concentration of dioxin in exhaust gas is kept below the regulation value and dust is scattered without installing expensive dust collectors. Is extremely low, keeps continuous combustion day and night by controlling the amount of generated heat, keeps the heat resistance and durability of the primary furnace for a long period of time, and makes it a cheaper device than a conventional chicken manure combustion furnace, with relatively high moisture It can handle biological waste such as chicken manure stably, and if it is a small furnace, it can be easily piped to a nearby area, so resources are used effectively to meet demand.

  Broilers are farmed to farmers, but they are on a growing trend, and if the amount of combustion per hour increases, it is difficult to comply with the air pollution prevention regulations that are advantageous as a small furnace, and egg-raising chickens are even larger and do not require heating. In general, it is disadvantageous to produce and sell chicken manure as organic fertilizer, so it is more serious because it is incinerated. It is advantageous to reduce the weight by pre-drying and increase the amount of combustion treatment with respect to the amount of chicken manure generated within the allowable value, and other biological waste is also in an excessive state, for example, rice straw that is abandoned by cutting with combine is used in paddy field However, the present invention, which uses a biomass resource as a producer's benefit, protects the global environment.

  In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, in the continuous combustion type small reactor of the present invention, the raw material supply device is formed in the same width in a thin shape on the floor surface of the wide and gentle inclination (about 15 degrees) provided in the primary furnace. Opening connection, connecting the floor surface to the bottom surface of the sliding limit angle (about 40 degrees), the bottom end of the bottom surface is connected to the residue discharge device, and the other outer wall of the primary furnace joined to the bottom surface is arched It is formed to maintain heat resistance and durability, and the top surface of the arch is held close to the bottom surface to hold the deposited layer in the primary furnace porous, and the top surface is gently inclined at the height of the supply device. Efficiently forms an upper space in a narrow gap in the primary furnace, and installs a large number of ultrafine vent pipes on the bottom surface and the relative top surface, and collectively connects them to an air pump to make the deposited layer efficient And the upper space is connected to the upward converging space at the floor surface position and then connected to the exhaust pipe, and the exhaust pipe is connected to the conical cylinder. Divided vented into a thin film by the gas combustion in uniform high temperature by a blower and connected to adjust the hot exhaust suction blower to the proper temperature.

  Connected to the above-mentioned continuous combustion type small furnace, a bottom surface that can be ventilated at a sliding-down limit angle (about 40 degrees) is installed in a sealed container to form a lower space, and a discharge pipe of the suction blower is installed to Connect the introduced exhaust pipe to the space, install a raw material supply lid on the upper part of the container, install a discharge lid on the side of the container that hits the inclined end of the bottom surface, and evaporate excess moisture in the raw material in the sealed container At the time, a porous top surface covered with a fine mesh is placed in parallel with the bottom surface of the upper part of the container to prevent the particles floating easily in the raw material from being diffused, and the space above the top surface is connected to the chimney.

  In the above-described continuous combustion type small furnace, the residue discharging device is configured to intermittently move a bottom plate of a predetermined thickness horizontally, connecting the end of the bottom surface to the upper surface on the start end side of the bottom plate, and moving upward on the end side of the bottom plate. The required dimensions of the outer wall of the primary furnace to be connected are configured as a vertical movable lid, and the movable lid is configured to be able to turn on the bottom plate. A weighting machine is installed on the movable lid, and mixed foreign substances are discharged without any problem. To do.

  The most realistic and urgent broiler chicken manure for the biological waste combustor constructed as described above will be described as a raw material subject. Usually, the moisture content is about 40%, but it can be burned immediately. Because of this, a large number of screw-type supply devices in parallel are fed into the primary furnace in a wide, thin and high state, and if the resistance is large, the screw is fed back into the hopper, so that a predetermined height is set in the primary furnace. After maintaining the deposited layer and maintaining the same width floor surface with a gentle slope (about 15 degrees) that can be slid by the input pressure, the width dimension is slightly reduced at the bottom of the sliding limit angle (about 40 degrees) under its own weight. However, the other outer wall of the primary furnace connected to the horizontal moving discharge device and connected in an arch shape at right angles to the bottom surface prevents the collapse of refractory bricks, etc. The inclination angle of the top surface of the arch shape is parallel to the bottom surface The raw material which is easy to fix by preventing excessive self-compression of the deposited layer in the primary furnace When the top surface is held at the height of the charging device and the inclination of the top surface is relaxed, the top surface of the deposited layer maintains a small gap with the top surface to form a wide and wide upper space, and the bottom surface and the relative top surface In this case, a large number of ultrafine ventilation pipes are arranged and connected to an air pump, and a predetermined amount is dispersed and ventilated from a predetermined position. A deposited layer portion in which the ventilation pipes are arranged is formed in the combustion layer.

  At the floor position of the upper space in the primary furnace, an upward converging space is connected and connected to the exhaust port, and air is pumped from a number of ultrafine vent pipes arranged on the floor surface at the sliding limit and on the opposite top surface. When the deposit layer ignites evenly and the deposition layer ignites and the outer wall material reaches a high temperature and reaches a steady state, the location forms a high temperature (800 to 1000 ° C) combustion layer and exhausts the amount of oxygen supplied. The pyrolysis layer is formed at 250 to 500 ° C. at the generated gas passage position of the combustion layer, and the dry layer of the feedstock is 100 ° C. or less due to the passage of the high temperature gas to the small space and the heat transfer from the outer wall. A combustion layer is formed in the lower part of the primary furnace, which is formed on the primary furnace where carbon monoxide is generated and is uniformed, and a residue that leaves a predetermined proportion of carbon is cut off. When discharged from the primary furnace during operation, the normal state is maintained, while the generated gas is connected to the exhaust port. The gas is burned from the inner circumference of the conical cylinder without causing a misfire with a thin-film limited ventilation with a blower, the gas temperature is increased, and then the additional gas is further vented into a thin film to obtain a uniform high temperature of about 1,100 ° C in the combustion cylinder. In the present invention, a waste combustion furnace generally has an air ratio of about 4.5 to the theoretical air volume, but in the present invention, it may be about 1.5 by uniform combustion, and the ventilation rate to the primary furnace is 1 / of the total air ratio. Since it is 4th place, a small amount of 1/12 of the normal furnace is gasified only by aeration into the primary furnace, and non-combustible nitrogen gas has a strong influence, and the wide range from the charging device to the inside of the furnace Since the upper surface of the deposited layer is large, the passing speed of the generated gas to the upper space is very small, so that the dust of fine particles hardly rises.

  Exhaust after gas combustion sufficiently suppresses dioxins in the process of passing through the high-temperature holding cylinder, and the holding cylinder may be heat exchange type, but the terminal is at about 800 ° C. even if heat is released from the outer periphery at low cost, and the suction blower Because it is easily 400 ° C due to the introduction of the outside air due to the ejector effect, high-moisture raw materials such as chicken manure introduced into the container are rapidly pre-dried and the dried raw material is discharged from the bottom of the sliding bottom. Even if the chicken manure with a lot of hair loss that easily scatters is replaced from time to time, the raw material can easily flow down along the top surface. If it is exhausted at 100 ° C. or higher, there is no condensation, and if it is an egg-laying hen, the remaining amount dried after the combustion amount can be supplied to other places. In the case of broilers, the exhaust after connecting a heat exchange cylinder to the holding cylinder and using hot water for floor heating is around 200 ° C., so the outside air can be introduced and discharged safely by the ejector effect of the suction blower. The effect that the exhaust can be used for pre-drying can be the same as described above.

  The broiler feces bred in all-in and all-out are likely to be contaminated with foreign matter such as stones and bolts, and the foreign matter that passes through the screw shaft of the feeding device is correspondingly large, making the discharge device inoperable. By installing a rotating movable lid with a weight of, the rotating opening is opened and discharged safely only when a predetermined amount of foreign matter is mixed and discharged. Prevent abnormal entry.

  Since the present invention is configured as described above, the following effects can be obtained.

  Since chicken manure is compressed and solidified in a combustion furnace, it eliminates the difficult problem of loss of fluidity and non-uniform ventilation, and keeps the furnace deposition layer porous at all times. In order to conduct the combustion process at the same time, the inside of the primary furnace is maintained to effectively transfer the heat of combustion to thermal decomposition and water evaporation, and the ventilation volume is kept to a minimum, and it is kept wide to form a deposition layer. Due to the characteristics of the present invention that the passage speed of the generated gas is reduced by securing a large surface area, the hair loss mixed into the raw materials such as chicken manure and the dust floating amount of the feces particulates reduced in weight by drying and pyrolysis are also minute. The amount of soot after gas combustion at a uniform high temperature in the combustion cylinder becomes even smaller, so even without an expensive dust collector, the amount of soot scattered from the chimney is well within the permissible value to prevent pollution. Contribute to the poultry industry that is struggling with intensifying competition.

  Foreign materials such as stones and bolts are often mixed in broiler droppings, and foreign materials that cannot pass through the charging device can be eliminated in advance. According to the present invention, the present invention can be continuously operated day and night without trouble.

  At 200 kg / h or more, structural standards that require installation of dust collectors and neutralizers are applied, resulting in high equipment costs. However, if the material is dried before being introduced into the combustion furnace, the weight of the raw material can be reduced and the combustion furnace The amount of steam in the exhaust gas is reduced, which is advantageous for combustion itself. Especially, the egg-laying henry industry that does not require heating is larger than the broiler industry and has a large amount of feces and is therefore incinerated. Because of the difficulty, the effect of increasing the allowable combustion amount by pre-drying is great, and the dried chicken dung can be supplied to a heat source for air conditioning such as a greenhouse for plants. The hair loss inside can be prevented from scattering, so that the purpose can be easily met.

  The most urgent target raw material is chicken manure, but the present invention can be applied to all biological waste such as rice straw, bark, thinned wood, and house waste, so it can effectively utilize huge resources that are left unused. It can substitute for oil and preserve the global environment.

  The embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings. In FIG. 1 showing the main part of the apparatus, when the raw material such as chicken manure is introduced into the hopper 1 and the charging device 2 shown in the example of the multi-row screw is driven, the raw material is primary. After sliding a gently sloping floor surface 4 wide and thin into the furnace 3, the bottom surface 5 with increased angle is slid down by itself, and a porous deposition layer is formed between the bottom surface 5 and the top surface 6 of the outer wall forming an approximate angle. 7, the terminal of the bottom surface 5 is connected to a horizontal floor 8 and constitutes a discharge device 9 that moves intermittently reversely by a motor or the like. When a large number of ultrafine-diameter ventilation pipes 11 are arranged on the floor surface 5 and the relative top surface 6 and connected to the air pump 12 and ventilated, C: burns oxygen in the combustion layer as indicated by the dotted arrow. B: P: Pyrolysis layer is formed by passage of generated heat, and high temperature generated gas and primary furnace A: A dry layer is formed by heat conduction from the outer wall of the A, and the combustion is made uniform at the lower end side of the layer 7 D: A vertical combustion layer is formed without ventilation, while an overload is applied to the apparatus 2 by backflow. By avoiding this, a wide and sufficiently large upper space 13 is formed on the layer 7, and the permeate gas flow rate is extremely small so that the dust does not rise easily. The top surface 6 above the device 2 is inclined gently upward toward the bottom surface 4 position. The converging space 14 is provided and connected to the exhaust pipe 15, the outer diameter of the pipe 15 is connected to the conical cylinder 16, covered with a cylinder outer wall 17 and sealed to an additional blower 18, and the end of the cylinder 16 is connected to the combustion cylinder 19. As a result, gas combustion is performed in the cylinder 16 and the cylinder 19 so as to reach a uniform high temperature (about 1,100 ° C.) sequentially.

  Next, when the entire apparatus is viewed in FIG. 2 which is a plan view, the charging apparatus 2 is a multi-row screw type, and the bottom surface 4 in the primary furnace 3 to be connected is also wide, and the floor surface 5 has a gentle angle. It is connected to the discharge device 9 with a reduced size, and the top surface 5 of the primary furnace 3 is shown to form an arch-shaped central part, and FIG. It is the same as described above, and the discharge device 9 operates toward the exhaust guide frame 20, and radiates heat from the combustion cylinder 19 upwardly through the upright high temperature holding cylinder 21 to about 800 ° C. FIG. 3 shows that the exhaust pipe 23 is connected to the chimney 25 that houses the discharge pipe 25 of the suction blower 24, and FIG. 3 shows the circular multi-tube type into the cylinder 22 in more detail. The heat exchange pipe 27 is cooled to about 250 ° C. and the discharge pipe 25 is installed in the chimney 26. Ejector sufficiently to 200 ° C. or less in the outside air introduction structure showing an example of exhaust that.

  Another embodiment is shown in FIG. 4 in a plan view and FIG. 5 in a side development view. Many of the examples are common and up to the high temperature holding cylinder 21 is the same, but without the heat exchange cylinder 22, the cylinder 21 is provided. The outside air is introduced by the ejector effect of the discharge pipe 25 of the suction blower 24, the inside of the exhaust pipe 23 is adjusted to an appropriate temperature (about 400 ° C.), and the inclined bottom surface 29 of the sliding limit (about 40 degrees) in the sealed container 28 is configured. The exhaust pipe 23 discharges into the lower space 30, and the bottom surface 29 is configured to allow ventilation. A discharge lid 31 is provided on the bottom surface at the lower end of the slope, and a supply lid 32 is provided on the upper side on the opposite side. The raw material packed layer in the container 28 is rapidly dried by exhaust passage, and the porous top surface 33 inclined with the supply lid 32 as a starting point is covered with a fine mesh, so that the wings in the raw material cannot pass and prevent scattering. The chimney 25 from the upper space 34 of the top surface 33 without condensation at 100 ° C. or higher Through to be discharged.

It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view with respect to the principal part of a combustion furnace. It is a top view of the whole combustion furnace. It is a side development view of the whole combustion furnace. It is a top view in another Example. It is a side expanded view of the partial cross section in another Example.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Hopper 2 Loading device 3 Primary furnace 4 Bottom surface 5 Floor surface 6 Top surface 7 Deposition layer 8 Motor shaft 9 Discharge device 10 Movable lid 11 Vent pipe 12 Air pump 13 Upper space 14 Converging space 15 Exhaust pipe 16 Conical cylinder 17 Cylinder outer wall 18 Additional blower 19 Combustion cylinder
20 Waste guide frame 21 High temperature holding cylinder 22 Heat exchange cylinder 23 Exhaust pipe 24 Suction blower 25 Discharge pipe 26 Chimney 27 Heat exchange vial 28 Sealed container 29 Inclined bottom surface 30 Lower space 31 Discharge lid 32 Supply lid 33 Porous top surface 34 Upper space

Claims (3)

The raw material supply device (2) is connected to the floor (4) having a thin thickness and the same width on the floor surface (4) having a wide and gentle inclination (about 15 degrees) provided in the primary furnace (3). Is connected to the bottom surface (5) of the sliding limit angle (about 40 degrees), the end of the bottom surface (5) is connected to the residue discharging device (9), and the primary furnace (3) joined to the bottom surface (5) The arched top surface (6) formed by the other outer wall maintains a close angle with the bottom surface (5), and the top surface (6) is deformed to a gentle slope at the height of the feeding device (2). A deposition layer (7) and an upper space (13) are formed in the primary furnace (3), and a large number of ultrafine vent pipes (11) are installed on the bottom surface (5) and the relative top surface (6). Then, the accumulated layer (7) is pyrolyzed and gasified by collectively connecting to the air pump (12), and the upper space (13) is directed upward through the converging space (14) at the position of the floor surface (4), and the exhaust pipe Link to (15) The exhaust pipe (15) is connected to the conical cylinder (16), divided into a thin film by the blower (18) and gas-fired, and the high temperature exhaust is adjusted to an appropriate temperature by the suction blower (24). A continuous combustion type small furnace for waste. An inclined bottom surface (29) that can be ventilated in the sealed container (28) is installed at a sliding limit angle (about 40 degrees) to form a lower space (30), and a discharge pipe (25) of the suction blower (24) is connected to the discharge container (25). The internal exhaust pipe (23) is connected to the space (30), the supply lid (32) is installed on the top of the container (28), and the side surface of the container (30) to which the lower end of the bottom surface (29) hits. A discharge lid (31) is installed at the top, and a porous top surface (33) covered with a fine mesh is installed at the top of the container (30) in parallel with the bottom surface (29), above the top surface (29). The continuous combustion type small furnace apparatus for biological waste such as chicken manure according to claim 1, wherein the space (34) is connected to the chimney (26). The residue discharging device (9) is configured such that a bottom plate (8) having a predetermined thickness is horizontally and intermittently moved, and an end of the bottom surface (5) is connected to an upper surface on the start end side of the bottom (8), and the bottom plate (8) 2. The biological system such as chicken manure according to claim 1, wherein the required dimension of the outer wall of the primary furnace (3) connected to the upper surface on the terminal side is configured in a vertical movable lid (10), and a loader is installed on the movable lid (10). Waste continuous combustion small furnace equipment.

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