JP2005135277A - Cooling and warming device for vending machine - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve safety so as not to ignite a combustible refrigerant leaked into a half-closed space in an article storage box of a vending machine or the like. <P>SOLUTION: When electric motor for sending air to the inside of the stock chamber is stopped due to electric failure or the like of the vending machine during the period of power supply to a first warming means 5, ventilation to the first warming means 5 is stopped, so that the surface temperature of the first warming means 5 is gradually increased and the combustible refrigerant is leaked from a cooling device 10 into a stock chamber 1. Even when the concentration of the combustible refrigerant in the stock chamber 1 reaches the combustion range concentration of the combustible refrigerant, the power density of the first warming means 5 is set to ≤1 W/cm<SP>2</SP>, so that the surface temperature of the first warming means 5 is not increased up to the ignition temperature of the combustible refrigerant and the vending machine can be safely driven without igniting the combustible refrigerant. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a vending machine using a cooling device using a flammable refrigerant and a cooling and heating device for a vending machine not using chlorofluorocarbon.

  In recent years, from the viewpoint of protecting the earth's ozone layer, the use of refrigerants containing chlorine atoms, such as refrigerant CFC (chlorofluorocarbon) -12 or HCFC (hydrochlorofluorocarbon) -22, which has been used in the refrigeration cycle of the cooling device has been regulated. However, conversion to an HFC (hydrofluorocarbon) refrigerant that does not contain chlorine atoms and does not destroy the ozone layer is in progress.

  Conventionally, in vending machines mainly using HCFC-22, R407C, which is a mixed refrigerant of HFC refrigerant, is adopted and sold as an alternative refrigerant.

  However, currently used HFC refrigerants such as R407C do not destroy the ozone layer, but because of their high global warming potential, they are insufficient for global warming, and therefore have low global warming potential. Therefore, natural refrigerants such as HC (hydrocarbon) are attracting attention in place of HFC.

  Furthermore, in order to prevent global warming, the demand for reducing power consumption of vending machines is becoming stricter year by year, and in addition to the development and market introduction of environmentally friendly products that are friendly to the global environment. Improvement of storage efficiency and product deterioration during heating are also issues.

  On the other hand, since the HC refrigerant has flammability, when it is used as a refrigerant in a refrigeration cycle in a cooling device, securing safety is an issue, and consideration must be given to refrigerant leakage.

  As a conventional cooling and heating device for vending machines, a cooler, a heater, and a fan motor are arranged in the lower part of the vending machine, and the heater is energized during heating and the heated air is used as the fan motor. In general, a method of circulating the inside of the storage and heating the product stored in the storage (for example, see Patent Document 1).

  However, in the heating device as described in the above-mentioned conventional example, the surface temperature of the heater for heating (usually using a pipe heater or the like) reaches 800 ° C., so that when the flammable refrigerant leaks, the ignition temperature Since it exceeded (470 degreeC), there existed a problem in safety.

  For this reason, in the unlikely event that a flammable refrigerant leaks, there are the following methods to ensure safety.

  As an example of preventing flammable refrigerant from leaking into a closed cabinet, a refrigeration system is connected in cascade, a refrigeration cycle using a flammable refrigerant is provided outside the cabinet, and brine is flowed inside the cabinet to cool it (For example, see Patent Document 2).

  In addition, there is a refrigerator disclosed (for example, see Patent Document 3) that can reduce the refrigerant leakage to the inside and avoid the risk of ignition and explosion even if a flammable refrigerant leaks.

In addition, there is a vending machine that detects a refrigerant leak in a warehouse and discharges the leaked refrigerant from an exhaust port provided with a damper (for example, see Patent Document 4).
Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 62-75578 JP 2001-118134 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-42817 JP 2001-134827 A

  However, in the conventional configuration, since the surface temperature of the heater for heating (usually using a pipe heater or the like) reaches 800 ° C., the ignition temperature (470 ° C.) is exceeded when the flammable refrigerant leaks. There was a problem with safety.

  SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention solves the above-described conventional problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a vending machine cooling and heating device that is highly safe even when a flammable refrigerant is used as a refrigerant in a refrigeration cycle.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, the cooling and heating device of the vending machine according to the present invention has a power obtained by dividing the power of the first heating means by the effective electric surface area of the first heating means. Since the density is 1 W / cm 2 or less, the surface temperature of the heating means can be reduced to the ignition temperature (470 ° C.) or less of the natural refrigerant by reducing the power density.

  The cooling and heating device of the vending machine according to the present invention can be used even when the air blowing by the internal blower motor is stopped and the heating means is energized when the cooling device or the heating device is operating abnormally. The surface temperature of the first warming means does not rise excessively due to the power density reduction, and the possibility of ignition even when the flammable refrigerant leaks can be extremely low.

  The invention described in claim 1 is such that the power density, which is a value obtained by dividing the electric power of the heating means according to claim 1 by the effective electric heating surface area of the first heating means, is 1 W / cm 2 or less. Possibility to ignite even when flammable refrigerant leaks when the air blow by the internal blower motor stops and the heating means is continuously energized, such as when the cooling device or heating device is operating abnormally Can be very low.

  According to the second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a vent hole in the vicinity of the overheat prevention device that suppresses the temperature rise of the first heating means of the first aspect of the present invention. The ascent prevention device can be operated reliably.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided an overheat prevention device for suppressing a temperature rise of the first heating means of the first aspect of the invention and the first heating means is a first heating means mounting box. By attaching to the opposite surfaces via the top surface portions, it is possible to reliably operate the overheat prevention device in the event of an abnormality.

  The invention according to claim 4 is not controlled by the temperature detected by the internal temperature detection means when the first heating means of the invention according to claim 1 causes an abnormal temperature rise, By stopping energization of the first warming means with the overheat prevention device that suppresses the temperature rise of the first warming means, the overheat prevention device can be reliably operated during an abnormality.

  The invention according to claim 5 is a combination of the cooling and heating device of the vending machine according to any one of claims 1 to 4 in addition to the first heating means and the heating means having different electric power. By doing so, the power consumption of the vending machine can be reduced by operating the heating means according to the load fluctuation of the stored goods.

(Embodiment 1)
FIG. 1 is a side sectional view of a cooling and heating device for a vending machine according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

  In FIG. 1, the storage chamber 1 has a semi-hermetic structure by a heat insulating material. The storage shelf 2 is for cooling or warming and storing products to be sold. The internal blower electric motor 3 circulates cold air or hot air through the products stored in the storage shelf 2 without temperature variations. The duct 4 is disposed on the back surface of the storage shelf 2 and is an indoor convection air path of the internal blower motor 3. The first heating means 5 has a power density of 1 W / cm 2 which is a value obtained by dividing the electric power of the first heating means 5 bent into a serpentine shape by the effective electric heating surface area of the first heating means 5. It is as follows. Even when the first heating means 5 is continuously energized, the surface temperature is suppressed to 350 ° C. or lower, and does not reach the natural refrigerant ignition temperature of 470 ° C.

  The cooler 6 cools the products stored in the storage shelf 2. The machine room is isolated from the storage room 1 and formed at the lower part of the main body, and stores the compressor 7, the condenser 8 and the condenser fan 9. The cooling device 10 sequentially connects the compressor 7, the condenser 8, a decompression device (not shown), and the cooler 6 to cool the inside of the storage chamber 1. The cooling device 10 is filled with an R290 single refrigerant or a mixed refrigerant containing R290 as a natural refrigerant.

  The operation of the cooling and heating device of the vending machine configured as described above will be described.

  When the product stored in the storage shelf 2 is heated, the first heating means 5 is energized to perform the heating operation. The warm air circulated by the internal blower motor 3 heats the product stored in the storage shelf 2, returns to the first heating means 5 again through the duct 4, and repeats heating.

  At this time, when the internal blower motor 3 is stopped due to an electrical failure of the vending machine while the first heating means 5 is energized, the blowing to the first heating means 5 is stopped. Thus, the heat conduction from the surface of the first heating means 5 to the air is only natural convection, so that the surface temperature of the heating means 5 rises.

  Here, even if the combustible refrigerant leaks from the cooler 6 to the storage chamber 1 and the storage chamber 1 reaches the combustion range concentration of the combustible refrigerant, the power density of the first heating means 5 is 1 W. Since the surface temperature of the first heating means 5 (350 ° C. or lower) does not rise to the ignition temperature (470 ° C.) of the flammable refrigerant, the flammable refrigerant is safe without igniting. A cooling and heating device for a vending machine can be provided.

  The cooling and heating device of the vending machine configured as described above has a power density that is a value obtained by dividing the electric power of the first heating means 5 by the effective electric heating surface area of the first heating means 5 at 1 W / Since it was set to cm <2> or less, when the cooling device 10 or the first heating means 5 is operating abnormally, blowing by the internal blowing motor 3 is stopped, and the first heating means 5 seems to be continuously energized. In such a case, even if the combustible refrigerant leaks from the cooler 6 to the storage chamber 1 and the storage chamber 1 reaches the combustion range concentration of the combustible refrigerant, the power density of the first heating means 5 is low. Since the surface temperature of the first heating means 5 does not rise to the ignition temperature of the flammable refrigerant because it is 1 W / cm 2 or less, the cooling and heating device of the vending machine is safe without igniting the flammable refrigerant. Can be provided.

  Further, in the present embodiment, since the power density of the first heating means 5 is 1 W / cm 2 or less, the surface temperature of the internal blower motor 3 is the first heating means in a thin vending machine. The first heating means 5 can be arranged at a distance that does not rise due to the radiant heat of 5, and the layout of each part is possible even in a warehouse with a small depth.

(Embodiment 2)
FIG. 2 is a side cross-sectional view of a cooling and heating device for a vending machine according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

In FIG. 2, the overheat prevention device 11 is connected in series with the first heating means 5 on the electric circuit, and if the temperature is higher than a certain level at the time of abnormality, the first heating means is opened. Is stopped and the contacts are not closed afterwards and remain open. The first heating means attachment member 12 sandwiches and fixes the first heating means 5. The first heating means attachment plate 13 fixes the first heating means attachment member 12 with an attachment screw 14. The first heating means attachment box 15 is configured by attaching the first heating means attachment plate 13 to the top surface of the first heating means attachment box 15 in such a manner that the first heating means 5 is floated inside. The overheat prevention device 11 is disposed on the upper side of the first heating means mounting box 15. The first heating means attachment plate 13 and the first heating means attachment box 15 are each provided with a vent hole 36 on the lower side of the overheat prevention device 11.
The operation of the cooling and heating device of the vending machine configured as described above will be described.

  When the product stored in the storage shelf 2 is heated, the first heating means 5 is energized to circulate the air heated by the internal blower motor 3 and perform a heating operation.

  Here, in the unlikely event that the internal-compartment wind motor 3 breaks down, the heated air of the first heating means 5 is more quickly transferred to the first heating means mounting plate 13 and the first heating means mounting box. It is possible to stop the energization of the first heating means 5 by operating the overheat prevention device 11 through the vent hole 36 provided on the lower side of the overheat prevention device 11.

  The cooling and heating device of the vending machine configured as described above is provided with a vent hole below the overheat prevention device 11 in the first heating means mounting plate 13 and the first heating means mounting box 15. Therefore, when the operation of the first heating means 5 is abnormal, for example, when the air blowing by the internal blowing motor 3 is stopped and the first heating means 5 is continuously energized, the first heating means 5 is stopped. The heated air of the temperature means 5 is heated too quickly through the first heating means mounting plate 13 and the vent hole 36 provided on the lower side of the overheating prevention device 11 of the first heating means mounting box 15. The energization of the first heating means can be stopped by operating the prevention device 11.

(Embodiment 3)
FIG. 3 is a side sectional view of a cooling and heating device for a vending machine according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

  In FIG. 3, the first heating means 5 is sandwiched between the first heating means attachment members 12 by the attachment screws 14 and directly fixed to the inner surface of the top surface of the first heating means attachment box 15. The overheating prevention device 11 is attached to the top of the first heating means mounting box 15, and the first heating means 5 and the overheating prevention device 11 are the first heating means attachment box 15. It is attached on the opposite side across the top of the. The operation of the cooling and heating device of the vending machine configured as described above will be described.

When the product stored in the storage shelf 2 is heated, the first heating means 5 is energized to circulate the air heated by the internal blower motor 3 and perform a heating operation.
Here, in the unlikely event that the internal blower electric motor 3 fails, the first heating means 11 operates the overheat prevention device 11 by heat conduction of the first heating means 5 earlier and heats the first heating means 5. The energization of the means can be stopped.

The cooling and heating device of the vending machine configured as described above stops the blowing by the internal blowing motor 3 when the operation of the first heating means 5 is abnormal, and the first heating means 5 When continuously energized, the heated heat of the first heating means 5 is directly conducted to cause the overheat prevention device 11 to operate quickly and stop the energization of the first heating means. can do.
Further, the material of the first heating means mounting member 12 or the first heating means mounting box 15 of the present embodiment is made of a material having good heat conduction (copper, aluminum, etc.) or the plate thickness is reduced. By doing so, heat conduction can be improved with respect to the overtemperature prevention device 11, and the overtemperature prevention device 11 can be operated quickly.

(Embodiment 4)
FIG. 4 is a side sectional view of a cooling and heating device for a vending machine according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a cooling and heating device for a vending machine according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing the operation of the embodiment.

  In FIG. 4, the internal temperature detection means 16 is disposed in the vicinity of the cooler 6, detects the temperature in the storage chamber 1, and starts and stops energization of the first heating means 5.

  In FIG. 5, each block has a first heating means abnormality detection means 17 for detecting a state where the first heating means becomes abnormal, such as a stop of the internal blower motor 3, and a first pre- The energization stop temperature setting means 18 for setting the product temperature for stopping the energization of the heating means 5, the storage unit 19 for storing the product temperature set by the energization stop temperature setting means 18, the internal temperature detection means 16, and the storage unit 19 The calculation unit 20 receives a signal, and includes a control unit 21 that controls the first relay 22 by a signal from the calculation unit 20.

  Further, the first relay 22 corresponds to the first contact 23, and the first heating means 5 is connected in series with the overheat prevention device 11 between the power supply lines.

  The operation of the cooling and heating apparatus of the vending machine configured as described above will be described with reference to FIG.

  In STEP 1, the energization stop temperature A 1 of the first heating means 5 is set by the energization stop temperature setting means 18. The set energization stop temperature A1 is stored in the storage unit 19.

  In STEP 2, it is determined that the product temperature a 1 detected by the calculation unit 20 by the internal temperature detection means 16 is equal to or higher than the product temperature A 1 set in STEP 1. In STEP 3, the first heating such as the stop of the internal blower motor 3 is performed. If there is no abnormality in the means, the control unit 21 excites the first relay 22, opens the first contact 23, and stops energization of the first heating means 5 in STEP4.

If there is an abnormality in the first heating means 5 such as stopping of the internal blower motor 3 in STEP 3, the control unit 21 excites the first relay 22 and keeps the first contact 23 closed. Then, the energization of the first heating means 5 is stopped by the overheat prevention device 11.
The cooling and heating device of the vending machine configured as described above stops the blowing by the internal blowing motor 3 when the operation of the first heating means 5 is abnormal, and the first heating means 5 When continuously energized, the first heating is performed at the temperature detected by the internal temperature detection means before the overheat prevention device 11 is operated by the heated heat of the first heating means 5. Rather than stopping the energization of the means, it is possible to more reliably operate the overheat prevention device 5 to stop the energization of the first heating means.

(Embodiment 5)
FIG. 7 is a side cross-sectional view of a cooling and heating device for a vending machine according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention. FIG. 8 is a block diagram of a cooling and heating device for a vending machine according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention. FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing the operation of the embodiment.

  In FIG. 7, the planar second heating means 25 having a large electric heating area is disposed in the duct 4, and the radiant heat of the second heating means 25 heats the air in the duct and blows the air in the cabinet. The product which is circulated through the storage chamber 1 by the electric motor 3 and stored in the storage shelf 2 is warmed, returned to the duct 4 and repeatedly heated. The 3rd heating means 26 is attached to the side which faces the storage chamber 1 where the heat insulating material 27 is heated, and heats goods with radiant heat. The product restricting plate 28 is provided in the lower part of the storage chamber 1 and restricts the product passage width. The product carry-out device 29 is a device for carrying out a product provided in the lower part of the storage chamber 1. The delivery chute 30 is a passage member that is provided in the lower part of the storage chamber 1 and carries products out to the takeout port.

  As shown in FIG. 7, the fourth heating means 31 is attached to any one of the product regulation plate 24, the product carry-out device 25, and the delivery chute 26, and heats the product directly by heat conduction.

  In FIG. 8, each block includes an energization stop temperature setting unit 18 a and an energization stop temperature setting unit 18 a that set the product temperature at which the energization of the first heating unit 5 and the second heating unit 25 is stopped in advance for each product temperature. The storage unit 19a for storing the product temperature set in the above, the calculation unit 20a for receiving the internal temperature detection means 16 and the signal from the storage unit 19a, and the second relay 27 and the third relay 28 by signals from the calculation unit 20a. It is comprised from the control part 21a which controls.

  Further, a second contact 29 corresponds to the second relay 27, and the first heating means 5 is connected between the power supply lines. A third contact 30 corresponds to the third relay 28, and a second heating means 25 is connected between the power supply lines.

  The operation of the vending machine cooling and heating apparatus configured as described above will be described with reference to FIG.

  In STEP1, the energization stop temperature B1 of the first heating means 5 and the energization stop temperature B2 of the second heating means 26 are set by the energization stop temperature setting means 18a. The set energization stop temperature B1 and energization stop temperature B2 are stored in the storage unit 19a.

  In STEP 2, when the calculation unit 20 a determines that the product temperature b 1 detected by the internal temperature detection means 16 is equal to or higher than the product temperature B 1 set in STEP 1, the control unit 21 a excites the second relay 27 and the second contact point. 29 is opened and the energization of the first heating means 5 is stopped at STEP4.

  In STEP 3, when the calculation unit 20 a determines that the product temperature b 2 detected by the internal temperature detection means 16 is equal to or higher than the product temperature B 2 set in STEP 1, the control unit 21 a excites the third relay 28 and the third contact point. 30 is opened and the energization of the second heating means 25 is stopped at STEP5.

  In FIG. 8, if the third heating means 26 is connected between the power lines, the third heating means in FIG. 9 can be controlled to stop energization in the same manner as the second heating means.

  Further, in FIG. 8, if the fourth heating means 31 is connected between the power supply lines, the energization stop of the fourth heating means in FIG. 9 can be controlled similarly to the second heating means. .

  The cooling and heating device of the vending machine configured as described above includes the first heating means 5, the second heating means 25, the third heating means 26, and the fourth heating means 31. By changing the heat generation capacity in the storage room according to the product temperature by the internal temperature detection means 16, the power consumption of the vending machine can be reduced.

  Furthermore, the heating speed can be increased by the hot air circulation effect of the first heating means 5 and the internal blower electric motor 3 when the product temperature is lowered when the product is replenished.

  Since the cooling and heating device of the vending machine according to the present invention can lower the surface temperature of the heating means, it raises the surface temperature of the internal blower motor in the narrow space of the thin vending machine. It is possible to arrange the heating means without any problem.

Side surface sectional drawing of the cooling and heating apparatus of the vending machine in Embodiment 1 of this invention Side surface sectional drawing of the cooling and heating apparatus of the vending machine in Embodiment 2 of this invention Side surface sectional drawing of the cooling and heating apparatus of the vending machine in Embodiment 3 of this invention Side surface sectional drawing of the cooling and heating apparatus of the vending machine in Embodiment 4 of this invention Block diagram of a cooling and heating device of a vending machine in Embodiment 4 of the present invention Flowchart of cooling and heating apparatus for vending machine according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention Side sectional view of the cooling and heating device of the vending machine in the fifth embodiment of the present invention Block diagram of cooling and heating device for vending machine in Embodiment 5 of the present invention Flow chart of cooling and heating device for vending machine according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Storage chamber 2 Storage shelf 4 Duct 5 1st heating means 10 Cooling device 11 Overheating prevention apparatus 16 Internal temperature detection means 25 2nd heating means 26 3rd heating means 27 Heat insulation material 31 4th Heating means 36 Ventilation hole

Claims (5)

A heat-insulating storage chamber for storing products, a storage shelf for storing products in the storage chamber, a cooling device for cooling the storage chamber, a first heating means for heating the products in the storage chamber, and combustible And a cooling device in which a mixed refrigerant containing a refrigerant or a single refrigerant is enclosed, and the power density is a value obtained by dividing the electric power of the first heating means by the effective electric heat surface area of the first heating means. A cooling and heating device for a vending machine, characterized by being 1 W / cm 2 or less. 2. The automatic sales according to claim 1, wherein a temperature rise prevention device that suppresses a temperature rise when the first heating means is abnormal and a vent hole is provided in the vicinity of the temperature rise prevention device. 3. Machine for cooling and heating. An overtemperature preventing device that suppresses temperature rise when the first heating means is abnormal, and the first heating means are attached to opposite surfaces via the top surface portion of the first heating means mounting box, respectively. The cooling and heating device for a vending machine according to claim 1, wherein: An over-temperature prevention device that suppresses a temperature rise when the first heating means is abnormal, and when a temperature rise occurs when the first heating means is abnormal, the internal temperature detection means detects it. 2. The cooling of the vending machine according to claim 1, wherein energization of the first heating means is stopped by the overheat prevention device without controlling the first heating means by temperature. Heating device. A heat-insulating storage chamber for storing products, a storage shelf for storing products in the storage chamber, a cooling device for cooling the storage chamber, a first heating means for heating the products in the storage chamber, and combustible And a cooling device in which a mixed refrigerant containing a refrigerant or a single refrigerant is enclosed, and the power density is a value obtained by dividing the electric power of the first heating means by the effective electric heat surface area of the first heating means. The first heating means set to 1 W / cm 2 or less and the second heating means provided in the duct for promoting indoor convection on the back surface of the storage room, or the heat insulating inner door on the front surface of the storage room A combination of at least one of the third heating means and the fourth heating means provided on the surface of the component near the product stored in the lowermost stage of the storage shelf. The cooling and heating device for a vending machine according to any one of 1 to 4

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