JP2005119703A - Pallet - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a pallet capable of efficiently loading accommodated objects when they are transported by a truck and thereby reducing a cost of transportation. <P>SOLUTION: When the accommodated objects are loaded on the truck, the pallet 10 which is a pallet but has an embodiment with two kinds of heights without using various pallets like conventional technologies. It is thereby possible to perform loading by an arrangement and a method suitable for various trucks and various accommodated objects to solve the dissatisfactions related to a cost for purchasing various pallets and loading efficiency. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a pallet that is used when a building storage such as a panel is transferred.

  In order to transfer building materials such as panels from a factory to a construction site, for example, various building materials are loaded in advance on a pallet, and this is placed on a truck by a forklift or the like and transported to the construction site. Conventionally, there is no standardized pallet used for such transportation, and various pallets are used according to the size and shape of the stored items. That is, for example, as shown in FIG. 12, a pallet 1 that can be stacked up and down, a bowl-shaped pallet 2 that is provided with an enclosure with a wire mesh, and a pallet 3 that includes a bottom plate and a side plate are appropriately used according to the stored items They are transported in trucks. Here, for example, the pallet 1 includes a bottom body 1a and a column body 1b provided on the side of the bottom body 1a. When the pallet 1 is stacked on another pallet 1 on the bottom of the column body 1b, the column body 1b. And a fitting leg 1c to be fitted.

  However, such pallets have the following disadvantages. When transporting building materials using the pallets, when loading these pallets on the truck bed, the size and shape of each pallet is disjointed, so you do not know how much you can load unless you actually load it on the bed, In addition, depending on the skill of the loading, the loading amount will change, so loading takes time.

  In general, pallets can be stacked up and down with the same kind of pallets, but this is not possible with different kinds of pallets, so it is very difficult to efficiently load them on the truck bed of a limited space. That is, as shown in FIG. 12, the various pallets are used according to the size of the storage items, etc., but there is not always the same size of storage items as the height of the truck bed. When there are several long items stored, the pallet 1 in FIG. 12 is used for loading, but the pallets stacked on the pallet 1 are of the same type. If there is nothing else, the other storage items that do not necessarily require the length of the pallet 1 are loaded, and as a result, the loading efficiency on the truck is deteriorated.

  In addition, in the pallet 1 shown in FIG. 12, when the pallets 1 are stacked with the storage items stacked on them, the pallets 1 are naturally moved by a forklift or the like. If it does not come on 1b, the fitting leg 1c and the column 1b will not be fitted, and therefore there is a problem that the pallets 1 and 1 are not correctly stacked. That is, if the pallet 1 is placed in a state in which the fitting leg 1c and the column 1b are not fitted, the pallet 1 itself is a heavy object, and thus it is not possible to easily shift the position thereof. As a result, there remains a complaint that the positioning must be performed again by a forklift or the like.

  Therefore, the present applicant has proposed Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 6-227539 “Pallet”. The bottom body is provided with a rectangular frame-shaped frame main body and a mounting frame provided vertically and horizontally inside the frame main body, and a plurality of pairs of pillars provided upward on the bottom body. The body is provided with a fitting hole that opens at the bottom surface of the bottom body and engages with the head of the column body of another pallet at the position where the column body is provided. And even in pallets with different lengths, the intervals between the pillars in the longitudinal direction of the bottom body are set in units of length modules, thereby enabling the stacking of pallets with different lengths, and the size of the material. Even if pallets having different lengths are used, different pallets can be stacked on a loading platform such as a truck without any trouble.

The pallet proposed by the present applicant also has the following problems. In other words, the pallets proposed by the applicants, etc., standardize the size of the pallets in the form of large, medium and small, and each pallet is modularized with the spacing between the pallet columns according to the size and height of the track. Therefore, large, medium and small pallets can be combined and stacked, which has the advantage of improving the loading efficiency, but the column body height is set to a constant height, so Depending on the material to be stacked, there is a problem that there is a gap between the upper and lower pallets, and the material cannot be fully loaded.
In particular, in recent years, the types of building materials to be transferred by pallets have diversified, and the transfer of fine building materials has increased, so that the above problems have been strongly desired.
In addition, the factory has to prepare a large number of large, medium and small pallets in advance according to the building materials to be transferred, and there is a problem that the yield of pallets is also poor.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and the purpose thereof is to use a pallet having two types of heights while being a single pallet when transporting building materials and the like by truck. In addition to providing a pallet that is half the height of the conventional pallet, it is possible to efficiently load storage items, reduce transportation costs, and improve the yield of pallets placed in the factory. It is to provide a pallet intended to do.

  In the pallet 10 according to the first aspect of the present invention, a mounting frame 11 on which stored items are mounted, a column body 12 provided upward at four corners of the mounting frame 11, and a column body 12 when stacked. And the extension column body 14 which is fitted to the column body 12 to increase the length of the column body 12, and the column body 12 and the extension column body 14 are limited in the height of the track. The above-mentioned problem solving means is set to a length dimension that is a fraction of an integer of the height dimension.

  According to the pallet in the present invention, by fitting the extension column body to the column body, the pallet can be set in two types, the height of the column body and the height of the extension column body. Compared to the height of building materials, the most suitable one can be set, and the loading efficiency within the height of the truck can be improved.

  In the pallet 10 according to claim 2, the extension column body 14 is attached to the column body 12 via the attachment device 15, and the attachment device 15 is provided on the fixed plate portion 16 attached to the column body 12 and the extension column body 14. The movable plate portion 17 and a rotation support shaft 18 that rotatably connects the fixed plate portion 16 and the movable plate portion 17 are provided, and the rotation support shaft 18 is fitted to the movable plate portion 17. A long hole 19 is formed, and the extension column 14 is mounted on the mounting frame 11 while being folded around the rotation support shaft 18 at the time of storage. At the time of attachment to the column body 12, the column body 12 is made upright so as to draw a fan shape around the rotation support shaft 18, and the upper end portion of the column body 12 is aligned with the lower end portion of the extension column body 14. The above-described problem-solving means is to attach the column body 12 to the column body 12 and fit the column body 12 and the extension column body 14 together.

  According to the pallet of claim 2, there is an advantage that the extended column body can be folded and stored, and in the state in which the extended column body is stored, the extended column body functions as a fence for building materials. And if the extension column is raised around the rotation support shaft by the mounting device, the lower end of the extension column can be easily fitted to the upper end of the column, and the extension column can be easily attached. There are advantages.

  In the pallet 10 according to claim 3, the height from the bottom surface of the fitting leg 13 to the upper end of the extension column 14 in a state in which the support column 12 and the extension column 14 are fitted is the height limit of the track. The means for solving the above-mentioned problems is that the height is 1/4 of the dimension.

  In the pallet 10 according to claim 4, the height from the bottom surface of the fitting leg 13 to the upper end of the column 12 in a state in which the extension column 14 is folded and stored is 1 / of the height dimension of the track height limit. The height of 8 was used as a means for solving the above problem.

  Further, as described above, the height of the pallet 10 in a state in which the column body 12 and the extension column body 14 are fitted is a quarter height of a predetermined height module unit. The height of the folded state is 1/8 of a predetermined height module unit, so that it has two types of heights although it is one pallet. As a result, when the pallets 10 are stacked, several types of structures are formed depending on the combination.

  In addition, in the case of a combination in which pallets 10 having a height of 1/8 of a predetermined height module unit are stacked, building materials suitable for the capacity of the pallets can be loaded. It can be loaded neatly even with fine building materials without creating wasted space.

  Similarly, in the case of a combination in which pallets 10 having a height of 1/8 of a predetermined height module unit are stacked, the extension column body is folded and stored, so this extension column body serves as a fence. It is possible to suppress the collapse of cargo during transportation of fine building materials.

  As described above, the pallet 10 according to the present invention does not use various pallets as in the prior art when loading on a truck, but has two types of heights although it is a single pallet. By using the existing pallet 10, it is possible to load with various arrangements and methods suitable for each truck and various items to be stored, thereby eliminating the cost of purchasing various pallets and dissatisfaction with the loading efficiency. Can do. Further, even when the pallet 10 is folded into a state of モ ジ ュ ー ル height of a predetermined height module unit and a large number of the pallets 10 are stacked, the stored items can be loaded. It is particularly suitable for loading fine items, and can be loaded in an orderly manner without creating wasted space. The folded extension column 14 also serves as a fence, so It also has the effect of suppressing the transport, leading to safer transportation.

  DESCRIPTION OF EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the invention will be described with reference to the accompanying FIGS.

  FIGS. 1 and 2 (a), 2 (b), and 2 (c) are explanatory views showing the pallet 10 according to the first embodiment of the present invention, and the pallet 10 shown in these drawings is a mounting frame 11 on which stored items are placed. A column body 12 provided upward at the four corners of the mounting frame 11, a fitting leg 13 fitted to the column body 12 when stacked, and a length of the column body 12 fitted to the column body 12 The pillar body 12 and the extension pillar body 14 are configured to have a length dimension that is an integral number of the height dimension of the track height limit.

The pallet 10 with the extended column 14 shown in FIG. 1 has a track height restriction in which the height H1 from the bottom surface of the fitting leg 13 to the upper end of the column 12 is a predetermined height module unit. It corresponds to the height of 1/8 of the height dimension.
Further, the height H2 between the bottom of the fitting leg 13 and the upper end of the extension column 14 is determined in advance as shown in FIG. The height is 1/4 of the height module unit.
That is, the height H2 from the bottom surface of the fitting leg 13 to the upper end of the extension column body 14 is twice as high as the height H1 from the bottom surface of the fitting leg 13 to the upper end of the column body 12.

As shown in FIG. 2 (a), the mounting frame 11 on which the stored items are placed includes a steel vertical frame member 41 and a horizontal frame member 42 that form a rectangular frame, and an inner side of the rectangular frame. It is composed of a vertical mounting member 43 and a horizontal mounting member 44 which are provided vertically and horizontally.
In addition, as shown in FIG. 2B, the horizontal frame member 42 is provided with an insertion member 40. These insertion members 40 are for inserting a fork of a forklift into the hollow portion.

  As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 (a), the column body 12 is made of regular tetragonal steel, and is provided upward at the four corners of the mounting frame 11 described above. The lower part 24 is comprised. The outer shell of the upper column 23 has a circumference that fits with the lower portion of the extension column 14. Further, the support leg lower portion 24 has a fitting leg 13 bonded to the lower end thereof, and the outer periphery of the support column lower portion 24 is set to the same circumference as the outer periphery of the extension column body 14.

  The extension column 14 is a regular quadrangular and hollow shape, and is made of steel. The outer periphery of the extension column body 14 has a circumference that fits with the upper portion 23 of the column body, and has the same circumference as that of the lower column body 24. Thereby, the extension column 14 can be fitted so as to cover the column upper portion 23.

  Further, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2C, the extension column body 14 is attached to the column body 12 via the attachment device 15, and the attachment device 15 is fixed to the fixing plate portion 16 attached to the column body 12. And a movable plate portion 17 provided on the extension column 14 and a rotation support shaft 18 that rotatably connects the fixed plate portion 16 and the movable plate portion 17. A long hole 19 into which the rotation support shaft 18 is fitted is formed, and the extension column 14 is folded around the rotation support shaft 18 and placed on the mounting frame 11 during storage.

  In order to fit the column body 12 and the extension column body 14, the extension column body 14 is formed from the fixed plate portion 16, the movable plate portion 17, the rotation support shaft 18, and the long hole 19 provided in the movable plate portion 17. It is attached to the column body 12 via the mounting device 15, and the extension column body 14 is made upright in a fan shape around the rotation support shaft 18 of the attachment device 15, where the upper end portion of the column body 12, The column body 12 and the extension column body 14 are fitted together by aligning with the lower end portion of the extension column body 14 and lowering the rotation support shaft 18 vertically from the upper part to the lower part of the long hole 19.

The mounting frame 11 provided with the column body 12 is provided with a fitting hole at the position where the column body 12 is provided to be fitted to the upper end portion of the extension column body of the pallet when stacked with another pallet. A fitting leg 13 is provided. The fitting leg 13 has an outer shape of a regular truncated cone, and its opening has a circular shape with a larger area than the top surface of the extension column 14 and gradually becomes a square shape with a smaller area as it goes inside. Further, the bottom surface (surface opposite to the opening) is formed to have a size that substantially matches the top surface shape of the extension column 14. In addition, the fitting leg 13 having such a fitting hole is welded to the lower end portion of the column body 12.
At this time, if the bottom surface (surface opposite to the opening) of the fitting leg 13 is formed to have a size that substantially matches the top surface shape of the extension column 14, the outer periphery of the extension leg body 14 is more than that. The top surface of the thin column can fit into each other.

  Further, in the pallet 10 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2A, 2B, and 2C, those having a height of 1/4 of a predetermined height module unit are stacked on each other, and the height of the track is stacked. It can be used by loading four stages on a 1/1 loading platform of a module unit, and for the pallet 10 having a height of 1/8 with the extended column 14 folded, the pallets 10 having the same height are stacked in two stages. Thus, the height can be adjusted to the same height as the above-mentioned 1/4, and when loading on a truck, it can be stacked up to 8 steps. Since this height module unit is the optimum height for loading storage items on the truck, that is, the height at which the height space of the loading platform can be used most effectively, more efficient loading is possible.

  In the pallet 10 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the height of the state in which the column body 12 and the extension column body 14 are fitted is ¼ of a predetermined height module unit. Since the height of the state in which the body 14 is folded is 1/8 of a predetermined height module unit, the height of the body 14 is one pallet and has two types of height forms. . As a result, when the pallets 10 are stacked, several types of structures are formed depending on the combination. As a result, it is possible to efficiently load storage items, and it is not necessary to prepare all types of pallets such as large, medium and small according to building materials as in the past, and transportation costs can be reduced. In addition, the yield of pallets placed in the factory can be improved.

FIG. 3 shows the pallet 20 of the second embodiment. The pallet 20 of the second embodiment is provided with a placement frame 11 on which the stored items are placed, and support columns 12 provided upward at the four corners of the placement frame 11. The structure of the mounting frame 11 and the support column 12 is the same as that of the mounting frame 11 and the support column 12 of the pallet 10. However, unlike the pallet 10, the extension column 14 is not attached. It has become.
When the stacking frame 11 provided with the column body 12 is stacked on another pallet at the position where the column body 12 is provided, the upper end portion of the column body 12 or the upper end of the extension column body upper portion 26 of the pallet. A fitting leg 13 having a fitting hole to be fitted to the portion is provided. The fitting leg 13 has an outer shape of a regular truncated cone shape, and its opening has a circular shape with a larger area than the top surface of the extension column 22 and gradually becomes a square shape with a smaller area as it goes inward. The bottom surface (the surface opposite to the opening) is formed to have a size that substantially matches the shape of the top surface of the extension column 22. In addition, the fitting leg 13 having such a fitting hole is welded to the lower end portion of the column body 12.
The pallet 20 has a height H1 from the bottom surface of the fitting leg 13 to the upper end of the column 12 that is 1/8 of a predetermined height module unit. It is the same height.

The extension column body 22 shown in FIG. 5 is formed of an extension column body upper portion 26 and an extension column body lower portion 27 and is fitted to the column body 12 of the pallet 20. It is square and hollow, and is made of steel. Further, a joining member 25 is provided at a joint portion between the extension column body upper portion 26 and the extension column body lower portion 27, and the extension column body upper portion 26 and the extension column body lower portion 27 having different thicknesses are joined.
In addition, the extension column body 22 can be set to various heights by preparing several types of extension column bodies having different lengths. By fitting the column body 12 and the extension column body 22, It can be set to a length dimension that is an integral number of the height dimension of the height limit.

  FIG. 4 is a diagram in which the extension column 22 a is fitted to the column 12 of the pallet 20. By fitting the extension column 22a to the pallet 20, the height H2 becomes 1/4 of a predetermined height module unit. That is, the height from the bottom surface of the fitting leg 13 to the upper end of the support body 12 is 1/8 of the predetermined height module unit, rather than the height H1 of 1/8 of the predetermined height module unit. The height can be increased by 8. As a result, the loading range of the pallet 20 becomes twice as high, and more items can be loaded.

  The embodiment shown in FIG. 6 is a view showing that the extension column body 22a is fitted to the pallet 20 and the pallets having a height of H2 are stacked in four stages. The upper end of the extension column body 22a of the pallet arranged in the lower stage is fitted and laminated so as to cover the fitting legs 13 of the pallet stacked in the upper stage. Since the pallet having the height H2 has a height that is 1/4 of a predetermined height module unit, by stacking the pallet four times, 1/1 of the height module unit having the height H3, that is, It becomes the height of the truck bed. The pallet stacked at the height H3 is optimum when the stored items are stacked on the truck, and the height of the loading platform can be most effectively used. Therefore, more efficient loading is possible.

  The embodiment shown in FIG. 7 is a diagram showing that pallets 20 are fitted with extension column bodies 22b having a height of H5, and pallets having a height of H4 are stacked in three stages. The upper end of the extension column 22b of the pallet arranged in the lower stage is fitted and laminated so as to cover the fitting legs 13 of the pallet stacked in the upper stage. Since the pallet having the height H4 is 1/3 of the height module unit determined in advance, by stacking the pallets in three stages, 1/1 of the height module unit having the height H3, that is, The height of the truck bed. Further, as described above, the pallet stacked at the height H3 is optimum when the stored items are loaded on the truck, and is the height at which the height space of the loading platform can be used most effectively. By increasing the loadable range, more building materials and larger building materials can be loaded, so efficient loading becomes possible.

  The embodiment shown in FIG. 8 is a diagram showing that the extension column body 22c having a height H7 is fitted to the pallet 20 and the pallets having a height of H6 are stacked in two stages. The upper end portion of the extension column 22c of the pallet arranged in the lower stage is fitted and laminated so as to cover the fitting legs 13 of the pallet stacked in the upper stage. Since the pallet having the height H6 has a height that is ½ of a predetermined height module unit, by stacking the pallets in two stages, 1/1 of the height module unit that is the height H3, that is, The height of the truck bed. Further, as described above, the pallet stacked at the height H3 is optimum when the stored items are loaded on the truck, and is the height at which the height space of the loading platform can be most effectively used. Since the loadable range is higher than that of the seventh embodiment, more building materials and larger building materials can be loaded, so that efficient loading is possible.

  As in the above-described embodiment, by using the extension pillars 22 having various lengths according to the storage items from the large storage items to the small storage items, it becomes possible to perform loading according to the height of the truck bed. . The extension column body 22 is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and is suitable for various items to be stored. Further, various combinations of the extension column body 22 and the pallet 20 can be used for more efficient loading. Needless to say.

FIG. 9B is a diagram showing an embodiment in which the extension column body 30a with a mounting frame is fitted to the pallet 20 and the height becomes H2.
It consists of a mounting frame portion 31 on which the stored items are placed, and extension pillars 32 provided upward at the four corners of the mounting frame portion 31, and this mounting frame portion 31 is the same as the mounting frame 11 described above. It has a structure. Since the extension column body 32 is fitted to the column body 12 of the pallet 20, the extension column body 32 has a square shape and is hollow, and is a steel member.
As shown in FIG. 9A, the extended column body 30 a with a mounting frame is a two-stage pallet by being fitted to the column body 12 of the pallet 20. In particular, the upper placement frame 31 can be loaded without being restricted by the accommodation range such as a ceiling portion (the bottom of the pallet stacked on top). Further, the lower stage is suitable for loading fine building materials and the like, and there is no gap between the upper and lower pallets, and materials can be loaded efficiently.
Moreover, although the height which fitted the extension column body 30a with a mounting frame to the pallet 20 was made into height H2 here, according to the shape etc. of the building material etc. to actually mount, etc. in Example 2. You may use the extension column body with a mounting frame provided with the extension column body which has the height similar to the height H5 of the extension column body 20 of description, and H7.

The extended column body 30b with the mounting frame shown in FIG. 10B is different from the extended column body 30a with the mounting frame in FIG. It is provided in the four corners toward the bottom. Similarly, the mounting frame portion 31 has the same structure as the mounting frame 11 described above, and the extension column body 32 is fitted to the column body 12 of the pallet 20. It is a steel member.
As shown in FIG. 10A, the extension column body 30b with the mounting frame is fitted into the column body 12 of the pallet 20 to form a two-stage pallet. Since there is no ceiling part (bottom part of the pallet stacked on top) or protruding pillars in the upper mounting frame part 31, there is no restriction on materials to be loaded. ing. It is particularly suitable for materials having a size larger than the pallet frame. In addition, since materials can be loaded on the lower stage, materials can be loaded efficiently without creating a useless gap.
Further, as shown in FIG. 10 (a), the height at which the extended column body 30b with the mounting frame is fitted to the pallet 20 is set as the height H2 here. In accordance with the shape and the like, an extension column body with a mounting frame provided with an extension column body having the same height as the height H5 and H7 of the extension column body 20 described in the second embodiment may be used.

  FIG. 11 shows a case where the embodiment shown in the first to third embodiments is applied to a track, and the track has a height H3 of a height module unit 1/1. As described above, the embodiments shown in Embodiments 1 to 3 do not necessarily have to be configured according to the embodiments, but can be stacked with various configurations by various combinations. As a result, the stored items can be loaded efficiently, and the transportation cost can be reduced.

FIG. 1 is a side view in which pallets 10 are stacked. FIG. 2A is a plan view showing the structure of the pallet 10. FIG. 2B is a front view showing the structure of the pallet 10. FIG. 2C is a side view showing the structure of the pallet 10. FIG. 3 is a side view showing the pallet 20. FIG. 4 is a side view of the pallet 20 fitted with the extension column 22a. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of the extension column 22. FIG. 6 is a side view in which the extension column 22a is fitted to the pallet 20 and stacked in four stages. FIG. 7 is a side view in which the extension column 22b is fitted to the pallet 20 and stacked in three stages. FIG. 8 is a side view in which the extension column 22c is fitted to the pallet 20 and stacked in two stages. FIG. 9A is a side view in which the extension column body 30 a with a mounting frame is fitted to the pallet 20. FIG. 9B is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of the extended column body 30a with a mounting frame. FIG. 10A is a side view in which the extension column body 30b with a mounting frame is fitted to the pallet 20. FIG. FIG. 10B is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of the extended column body 30b with a mounting frame. FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a loading method of the pallets 10 and 20 according to the first to third embodiments of the present invention. FIG. 12 is a view showing a conventional loading method of pallets 1, 2, and 3. As shown in FIG.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10, 20 Palette 11 Mounting frame 12 Supporting body 13 Fitting leg 14 Extension column body 15 Mounting device 16 Fixed plate part 17 Movable plate part 18 Rotating spindle 19 Long hole 22 Extension column body 30 Extension column body with mounting frame

Claims (4)

In a pallet that can be stacked up and down on a truck bed and carries stored items such as building materials,
A mounting frame for placing the stored items, a support body provided upward at the four corners of the mounting frame, a fitting leg that fits to the support body when stacked, and a fit to the support body And an extension column that increases the length of the column body, and the column body and the extension column body are set to a length dimension that is an integral fraction of the height dimension of the track height limit. A pallet characterized by that.   The extension column body is attached to the column body via an attachment device. The attachment device includes a fixed plate portion attached to the column body, a movable plate portion provided on the extension column body, and these fixed plate portions. A pivot shaft that pivotally connects the movable plate portion to the movable plate portion. The movable plate portion is formed with a long hole into which the pivot support shaft is fitted, and the extension column body is pivoted when retracted. Folded around the support shaft and placed on the mounting frame, when attached to the column body, stand upright in a fan shape around the rotation support shaft, where the upper end of the column body and the extension 2. The pallet according to claim 1, wherein the pallet is fitted to the lower end of the column body by fitting the column body into the extension column body, and the column body and the extension column body are fitted together. .   The height from the bottom surface of the fitting leg to the upper end of the extension column body of the pallet in a state where the column body and the extension column body are fitted is ¼ of the height limit of the track height limit. The pallet according to claim 1, wherein the pallet has a height of   The height from the bottom surface of the fitting leg to the upper end of the column body of the pallet in a state where the extended column body is folded and stored is 1/8 of the height dimension of the track height limit. The pallet according to claim 1, wherein the pallet is a pallet.

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