JP2005113553A - Automatic opening/closing apparatus for vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent a sliding member, mounted on a rack, from being displaced in the axial direction. <P>SOLUTION: In this opening/closing apparatus for the vehicle, revolutions of an electric motor are transferred to a back door via a power transmission mechanism which is composed of a pinion and the rack, so that an automatic opening/closing operation can be performed. The rack is supported in a linearly reciprocatable manner by a slide mechanism which is composed of a slide block 47 and a guide rail. The slide block 47 is fitted with a pair of sliding members 53a and 53b for reducing sliding friction with the guide rail. In the sliding members 53a and 53b, a base part 54 and an engaging part 55 are integrally formed of a plate material, and the engaging part 55 is bent along the axial direction of the guide rail with respect to the base part 54, so as to be engaged with an engaging hole 56 which is formed in the slide block 47. Thus, an axial load imposed on the base part 54 is borne on the slide block 47 by the engaging part 55, and the sliding members 53a and 53b can be prevented from being axially displaced or disconnected from the slide block 47. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a vehicle automatic opening / closing device that automatically opens and closes an opening / closing member mounted on a vehicle, and more particularly, to a rack-and-pinion type device including a pinion that is rotated by a drive source and a rack that meshes with the pinion. .

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, vehicles such as automobiles have been provided with opening and closing members such as doors, trunk lids, and back doors that are attached to the vehicle so as to be freely opened and closed. In particular, many wagon cars, one-box cars, and the like are provided with a back door at the rear end of the vehicle so that loading and unloading of luggage from the rear of the vehicle can be easily performed. Normally, such a back door is mounted on the vehicle via a hinge fixed to the rear end of the vehicle roof with the rotation fulcrum being substantially horizontal, and is opened and closed vertically with the rotation fulcrum of the hinge as the center. It has become. In this case, the back door is greatly raised upwards of the vehicle, so it is also called a lift gate or a rear hatch.

  However, since such a back door is often large and heavy, it may be difficult for a woman or a child to easily open and close the back door. In particular, when the fully opened state is reached, the back door is greatly lifted upward, so that the opening and closing thereof is more difficult.

  Under the circumstances where family use such as one-box vehicles is increasing, a vehicle equipped with an automatic opening / closing device that automatically opens and closes a back door has been developed so that women and children can easily open and close the vehicle. Since such an automatic opening / closing device can remotely control the back door from the driver's seat, there are many requests for installation of the automatic opening / closing device for this convenience.

  As such an automatic opening / closing device, a so-called rack-and-pinion type device including a pinion driven by a drive unit using an electric motor as a drive source and a rack meshing with the pinion is known. In this case, the rack is connected to the back door via the connecting rod and is guided to the guide rail so as to be linearly reciprocable at the slide portion. When the pinion is driven to rotate by the electric motor, the linear reciprocation of the rack is generated. The back door is opened and closed by being transmitted to the back door via a connecting rod. As such a rack and pinion type automatic opening / closing device, a so-called outer rack type device in which an outer rack having a substantially C-shaped cross section is mounted on the outside of a guide rail so as to be linearly reciprocable is also known. .

In such a rack-and-pinion type automatic opening / closing device, the rack is usually provided with a sliding member having a low friction surface that contacts the guide rail, and the sliding member smoothes the operation of the rack. I am doing so. For example, in the case shown in Patent Document 1, recesses are provided on both ends in the longitudinal direction of the rack, and sliding members are attached to the recesses.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-253241

  However, in the automatic opening and closing device shown in the above-mentioned publication, the sliding member is mounted in a state of being fitted in a recess provided in the rack, so that when a large load is applied from the back door to the rack, etc. The sliding member may be displaced in the axial direction with respect to the rack or may be detached from the rack in some cases.

  In addition, since sliding members are provided only on a part of the entire sliding surface of the rack and guide rail, sliding noise may be generated due to overload and long-term use, and play may increase. There was also a problem that smooth sliding was impossible.

  An object of the present invention is to prevent a sliding member attached to a rack from shifting in the axial direction.

  An automatic opening / closing apparatus for a vehicle according to the present invention includes a rack connected to an opening / closing member mounted on a vehicle and a drive source for driving a pinion that meshes with a rack tooth of the rack, and automatically opens / closes the opening / closing member. An automatic opening / closing device for a vehicle, comprising: a slide portion that is provided on the rack and that is engaged with the outside of the guide rail and is supported by the guide rail so as to be linearly reciprocable; and a low friction surface that is in sliding contact with the guide rail. A base provided and an engaging part that is provided integrally with the base and engages with the slide part to restrict displacement of the base in the axial direction; and a sliding member mounted on the slide part. It is characterized by having.

  The automatic opening and closing device for a vehicle according to the present invention is characterized in that the engaging portion is formed in a claw shape that is bent with respect to the base portion and is locked to the slide portion.

  In the automatic opening / closing device for a vehicle according to the present invention, an engagement hole is formed in the slide portion, and the engagement portion is bent along the axial direction of the guide rail with respect to the base portion to be engaged with the engagement hole. It is characterized by that.

  The automatic opening / closing device for a vehicle according to the present invention is characterized in that the sliding member is provided with a pair of engaging portions, and the sliding member is formed symmetrically with respect to the pair of engaging portions.

  According to the present invention, the sliding members are arranged on all the sliding surfaces of the guide rail and the sliding member, and the sliding member is provided with the engaging portion that engages with the sliding portion. It is possible to prevent the axial displacement with respect to the portion and the axial displacement.

  Further, according to the present invention, the engagement hole is formed in the slide portion, and the engagement portion is bent with respect to the base portion along the axial direction of the guide rail so as to be engaged with the engagement hole. The axial load applied to the member is supported at the end of the engaging portion in the axial direction. Therefore, the strength of the engaging portion with respect to the axial load can be improved, and the resistance against the displacement or slippage of the sliding member in the axial direction can be improved. In addition, the durability of the sliding member, that is, the automatic opening / closing device for a vehicle can be improved by improving the strength of the sliding member.

  Furthermore, according to the present invention, the attachment of the sliding member to the sliding portion can be facilitated, and therefore the number of manufacturing steps for the vehicle automatic opening / closing device can be reduced.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a side view showing a part of a vehicle provided with a vehicle automatic opening / closing device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a front view showing details of the vehicle automatic opening / closing device shown in FIG. is there. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 1, a back door 12 as an opening / closing member is provided at the rear end of the vehicle 11 (only a part of the rear side is shown). The back door 12 is attached to the vehicle 11 via a hinge 14 attached to the rear end portion of the roof 13. The back door 12 has a fully closed position indicated by a solid line in the figure and two points in the figure around the opening / closing central axis of the hinge 14. It can be opened and closed in the vertical direction within a range of about 90 degrees between the fully open position indicated by the chain line.

  A gas stay that assists the opening / closing operation of the back door 12 may be mounted between the vehicle 11 and the back door 12.

  The vehicle 11 is provided with a vehicle automatic opening / closing device 15 (hereinafter referred to as an opening / closing device 15), and the back door 12 is automatically opened and closed by the vehicle automatic opening / closing device 15. . The vehicle automatic opening / closing device 15 includes an actuator unit 16 disposed inside the rear pillar of the vehicle 11 and a connecting rod 17 that transmits the output of the actuator unit 16 to the back door 12.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the connecting rod 17 includes a rod portion 17a formed of a steel material, and joint portions 17b and 17c (pillow balls) that are provided at both ends of the rod portion 17a and can be operated three-dimensionally. The one joint portion 17 c is rotatably connected to the back door 12 via the connection bracket 18. Then, by reciprocating the other joint portion 17b of the connecting rod 17 in the substantially vertical direction with respect to the vehicle 11, the back door 12 can be opened and closed in conjunction with the reciprocating motion of the connecting rod 17. Yes.

  On the other hand, the actuator unit 16 has a base 21, and the base 21 is fixed to the vehicle 11. A drive unit 24 having an electric motor 22 as a drive source and a speed reducer 23 is attached to the base 21, and the electric motor 22 is connected to a control device (not shown) so that the operation is controlled by this control device. It has become. As this control device, a microcomputer having a CPU, a memory, and the like is used, and a control current is output to the electric motor 22 in accordance with a command signal from a back door opening / closing switch (not shown) provided in the vehicle interior or the like. It has become. The electric motor 22 is operated in the forward and reverse directions by a control current supplied from the control device.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the speed reducer 23 has a structure in which a speed reduction mechanism 26 is accommodated in a gear case 25 fixed to the electric motor 22. In the illustrated case, the speed reduction mechanism 26 includes a worm 27 and a worm wheel. A worm gear mechanism consisting of 28 is used. The worm 27 is formed on the outer periphery of the rotating shaft 22a of the electric motor 22, and the worm wheel 28 meshes with the worm 27 and is fixed to the output shaft 31 rotatably supported by the gear case 25. When the electric motor 22 is operated, The rotation of the rotary shaft 22a is decelerated to a predetermined rotational speed by the worm 27 and the worm wheel 28 and transmitted to the output shaft 31. The front end portion of the output shaft 31 protrudes from the gear case 25, and the output gear 32 is fixed to the front end portion. That is, when the electric motor 22 operates, the rotation is output as the rotation of the output gear 32.

  Further, a frictional electromagnetic clutch 33 is provided inside the gear case 25, and power transmission between the speed reduction mechanism 26 and the output shaft 31 can be interrupted by the electromagnetic clutch 33. Thereby, when the back door 12 is manually opened and closed, the electromagnetic clutch 33 can be switched to the power cut-off state, and the operation force when the back door 12 is manually opened and closed can be reduced.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the base 21 is provided with three shaft support portions 34, 35, and 36, and the output shaft 31 of the drive unit 24 is rotatably supported by a bearing 37 attached to the shaft support portion 34. Has been. A pinion shaft 41 is rotatably supported by bearings 38 and 39 mounted on the pair of shaft support portions 35 and 36. The distance between the pinion shaft 41 and the output shaft 31 is a pair of shaft support portions 34. , 36 is set. The base 21 is provided with a gear accommodating portion 42, and a reduction gear 43 fixed to the pinion shaft 41 is accommodated in the gear accommodating portion 42. The reduction gear 43 is engaged with the output gear 32 of the drive unit 24, and the rotation of the electric motor 22 is transmitted via the output gear 32. As a result, the pinion shaft 41 is driven to rotate by the electric motor 22.

  The actuator unit 16 is provided with a gear transmission mechanism 44, and the rotational movement of the pinion shaft 41 that is rotationally driven by the electric motor 22 is converted into the reciprocating movement of the connecting rod 17 by the gear transmission mechanism 44. ing.

  4 is a perspective view showing details of the gear transmission mechanism shown in FIG. 2, and FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing details of the slide block shown in FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the gear transmission mechanism 44 is a so-called rack and pinion type including a rack 45 and a pinion 46.

  The pinion 46 is fixed to the pinion shaft 41 and is rotationally driven by the electric motor 22 together with the pinion shaft 41. On the other hand, the rack 45 is formed of a steel plate in a substantially rectangular shape, and rack teeth 45a arranged in the axial direction are provided on one side thereof. The rack teeth 45a of the rack 45 and the pinion 46 are meshed with each other. When the pinion 46 is rotated forward and backward by the electric motor 22, the rotation is transmitted to the rack 45 so that the rack 45 reciprocates. It has become.

  A slide block 47 as a slide portion is provided at one end of the rack 45 on the vehicle upper side. On the other hand, a guide rail 48 as a guide member is fixed to the base 21. The rack 45 engages with a guide rail 48 as a guide member in the slide block 47, and is supported by the guide rail 48 so as to be linearly reciprocable in the slide block 47, and its moving direction is restricted. That is, the slide block 47 and the guide rail 48 constitute a slide mechanism 49, and the rack 45 is supported by the slide mechanism 49 so as to be linearly reciprocable with respect to the base 21.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the slide block 47 is formed in a block shape having a substantially C-shaped cross section having a slide groove 47 a, and its axial length is sufficiently shorter than the entire length of the rack 45. Has been. The slide block 47 is fixed to one end of the rack 45 in the axial direction by a pair of bolts 51. Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the slide block 47 is connected to the other joint portion 17 b of the connecting rod 17 via the connecting bracket 52, whereby the slide block 47, that is, the rack 45 is connected to the back door 12. It reciprocates with the back door 12.

  On the other hand, the guide rail 48 is fixed to the base with a bolt (not shown) with the axial direction directed substantially in the vertical direction of the vehicle 11. The slide block 47 is mounted on the outer side of the guide rail 48 in the slide groove 47 a and is guided so as to be movable along the guide rail 48. That is, the slide mechanism 49 is a so-called outer rack type in which the slide block 47 of the rack 45 is mounted on the outside of the guide rail 48.

  With such a structure, the rotation of the pinion 46 that is rotationally driven by the electric motor 22 is converted into the linear reciprocating motion of the rack 45, and the linear reciprocating motion is transmitted to the back door 12 via the connecting rod 17. The automatic opening / closing operation is performed. In this case, the rack 45 can reciprocate linearly in a substantially vertical direction with respect to the vehicle 11 between a closed stroke end indicated by a solid line in FIG. 2 and an open stroke end indicated by a two-dot chain line in FIG. ing.

  FIG. 6 is an exploded perspective view of the slide block shown in FIG. 5, and FIGS. 7A and 7B are cross-sectional views showing how the sliding members shown in FIG. 6 are assembled.

  A pair of sliding members 53a and 53b are mounted in the sliding groove 47a of the slide block 47, and the sliding friction between the slide block 47 and the guide rail 48 is reduced by these sliding members 53a and 53b. It is like that. Since these sliding member sliding members 53a and 53b have the same configuration and function except that the shapes are symmetrical, only the sliding member 53a will be described below.

  The sliding member 53a is formed by stamping a plate material having a thin resin plate attached to the surface of a copper plate into a predetermined shape by pressing, and is formed in a predetermined shape, and is disposed in each of the sliding grooves 47a. A base 54 formed in a semi-cylindrical shape, and a substantially rectangular engaging portion 55 provided integrally with the base 54. The inner surface of the base 54, that is, the surface in contact with the guide rail 48 is a low friction surface to which a resin plate is attached, and the base 54 is in sliding contact with the guide rail 48 on this low friction surface. On the other hand, the slide block 47 is formed with a rectangular engagement hole 56 that is opened substantially at the center of the slide groove 47a, and the interval between both side surfaces 56a perpendicular to the axial direction of the engagement hole 56 is the sliding member. It is made substantially the same as the width dimension of the axial direction of the engaging part 55 provided in 53a.

  The sliding member 53a is mounted on the slide block 47 by arranging the base portion 54 in the sliding groove 47a of the slide block 47 and bending the engaging portion 55 with respect to the base portion 54 to engage with the engaging hole 56. It has come to be. That is, when the sliding member 53a is attached to the slide block 47, first, as shown in FIG. 7A, the base 54 is disposed in the sliding groove 47a. At this time, the base portion 54 is formed in a shape that is slightly open and curved with respect to the curvature of the sliding groove 47a in the natural state, and when it is disposed in the sliding groove 47a, it closes in accordance with the sliding groove 47a. It is elastically deformed and temporarily held in the sliding groove 47a. That is, even before the engaging portion 55 is bent, the sliding member 53a is temporarily held in the sliding groove 47a by the elastic force generated by elastic deformation of the base portion 54, and the assembling workability is improved. .

  The engaging portion 55 in a state where the base portion 54 is temporarily held in the sliding groove 47 a is disposed so as to close the engaging hole 56 formed in the slide block 47. Then, from this state, the engaging portion 55 is bent toward the engaging hole 56 along the axial direction of the guide rail 48 by a press or the like, so that the engaging portion 55 is moved to the engaging portion 55 as shown in FIG. It engages with the engagement hole 56 at both end faces 55a in the axial direction. Thereby, the base 54 is restricted from moving in the axial direction with respect to the slide block 47, and the sliding member 53 a is locked to the slide block 47. When the slide block 47 is mounted on the guide rail 48, the sliding member 53a is sandwiched between the slide block 47 and the guide rail 48, so that the locking direction with respect to the slide block 47 is only its axial direction. .

  In this case, the axial load applied to the base portion 54 due to friction with the guide rail 48 is supported by the slide block 47 at the engaging portion 55, but the engaging portion 55 has an engagement hole 56 at both end surfaces 55 a thereof. Therefore, even when a large axial load is applied to the base portion 54, the load can be easily supported. That is, the load applied to the base portion 54 acts as a shearing force rather than a bending force on the engaging portion 55, and the shearing force is applied in a direction along the boundary portion between the base portion 54 and the engaging portion 55. Therefore, even the engaging portion 55 formed of a plate material is not easily sheared, and resistance to an axial load is increased. Therefore, even when a large load is applied to the base 54 due to the sliding member 53a generating a large resistance with respect to the guide rail 48, the base 54 is not displaced or detached from the slide block 47. Can be prevented.

  Thus, in this opening / closing device 15, since the engaging portions 55 that engage with the slide block 47 are provided on the slide members 53a and 53b attached to the slide block 47, the slide block 47 of the slide members 53a and 53b is provided. It is possible to prevent the axial displacement and the axial displacement with respect to.

  Further, in the opening / closing device 15, the engaging portion 55 provided on the sliding members 53 a and 53 b is bent along the axial direction of the guide rail 48 and engaged with the engaging hole 56 provided in the slide block 47. As a result, the resistance and strength of the engaging portion 55 against the axial load can be improved.

  In addition, since the sliding members 53a and 53b are formed by stamping a plate material into a predetermined shape by press working, the axial width dimension accuracy of the engaging portion 55 is increased, and the engaging portion 55 is spaced between the end surfaces 55a. Without being engaged with both side surfaces 56a of the engagement hole 56. Thereby, the backlash of the base part 54 with respect to the slide block 47 can be eliminated, and abnormal noise due to the backlash of the base part 54 and abnormal wear of the base part 54 can be reduced.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the opening / closing device 15 is provided with a holding member 61 that restricts the movement of the rack 45 in the meshing direction, and the interval between the rack 45 and the pinion 46 is within a predetermined range by the holding member 61. Is supposed to be retained.

  The holding member 61 has a holding shaft 62 that is inserted into a through hole 48 a formed on one end side of the guide rail 48 and faces the pinion shaft 41, and a roller 63 that is attached to the outside of the holding shaft 62. The roller 63 is rotatable with respect to the holding shaft 62. On the other hand, a groove 64 extending in the axial direction is formed in the rack 45, and the roller 63 described above is disposed in the groove 64. Further, the surface of the groove portion 64 on the back side of the rack teeth 45 a is a holding surface 65, and the above-described roller 63 can come into contact with the holding surface 65. Therefore, even when a load in a direction away from the pinion shaft 41 is applied to the rack 45 due to a meshing reaction force between the rack teeth 45a and the pinion 46, vibration from the outside, or the like, the load is retained by the roller 63, that is, the holding force. The movement of the rack 45 in the direction away from the pinion shaft 41 supported by the shaft 62 is restricted. That is, the rack 45 is held at a distance from the pinion 46 by the holding member 61 composed of the roller 63 and the holding shaft 62 that are in contact with the holding surface 65, whereby the meshing between the rack teeth 45 a of the rack 45 and the pinion 46 is performed. It is kept in a proper state.

  As described above, the slide block 47 supported on the guide rail 48 so as to be linearly reciprocable is formed to have a sufficiently short length with respect to the entire length of the rack 45. Therefore, the slide block 47 of the rack 45 is provided. When a load in the direction away from the pinion shaft 41 is applied to the end opposite to the pinion shaft 41, it is difficult to support the load by the slide block 47. However, in this opening / closing device 15, the rack 45 is moved away from the pinion 46 by the holding member 61, that is, the distance from the pinion 46 is maintained, so that the axial dimension of the slide block 47 is sufficiently large relative to the entire length of the rack 45. Even if it is formed short, the engagement between the rack 45 and the pinion 46 can be guaranteed. Therefore, in the opening / closing device 15, the length of the slide block 47 in the axial direction can be shortened to make the opening / closing device 15 smaller and lighter.

  Moreover, since the axial length of the slide block 47 is shortened, the axial length of the guide rail 48 can be shortened accordingly. That is, since the operating range of the slide block 47 is shortened in accordance with the shortening of the length in the axial direction, the length in the axial direction of the guide rail 48 that supports the slide block 47 can also be shortened. Thereby, this opening / closing device 15 can be further reduced in size and weight.

  Thus, in this opening / closing device 15, the rack 45 is supported by the slide rail 47 on the guide rail 48 so as to be linearly reciprocable, and the distance between the rack 45 and the pinion 46 is held by the holding member 61. The length of the rail 48 can be shortened to make the opening / closing device 15 smaller and lighter. In addition, since the interval between the rack 45 and the pinion 46 is held at an interval suitable for engagement by the holding member 61, the engagement between the rack teeth 45a of the rack 45 and the pinion 46 can be stabilized to reduce operating noise and vibration. Can do.

  Further, since the opening / closing device 15 can be easily set to various specifications by making small changes to the slide block 47, the rack 45, the guide rail 48, the holding member 61, etc., the versatility of the opening / closing device 15 is improved. be able to.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the opening / closing device 15 is provided with a vibration absorbing mechanism 71 in order to reduce the vibration of the rack 45 when the opening / closing operation is stopped.

  8 is an exploded perspective view showing the details of the vibration absorbing mechanism shown in FIG. 3, and FIG. 9 is an explanatory view showing the biasing direction of the rack by the vibration absorbing mechanism shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 8, the vibration absorbing mechanism 71 includes a support piece 72, a lower rack guide 73 as a meshing direction pressing member, and a cushion rubber 74 as a meshing direction elastic member.

  The support piece 72 includes a fixed portion 72a fixed to the holding shaft 62, and a support column portion 72b protruding from the fixed portion 72a toward the opposite side of the pinion shaft 41. The support column portion 72b has a circular shape. A cushion rubber 74 formed in an annular shape is attached. Further, the support piece 72 is in contact with the guide rail 48 and is in a state in which movement in the axial direction with respect to the holding shaft 62 is restricted.

  On the other hand, the lower rack guide 73 is movably mounted in the meshing direction of the rack 45 and the pinion 46 so as to cover the support piece 72 and is mounted on the holding shaft 62 and slidably supported by the guide rail 48. Movement in the axial direction relative to 62 is restricted. Further, the lower rack guide 73 is provided with a wall portion 73a in contact with the cushion rubber 74, and the cushion rubber 74 is arranged between the support piece 72, that is, the holding shaft 62 and the wall portion 73a in an elastically deformed state. It has become. As a result, the lower rack guide 73 is urged away from the pinion 46 by the elastic force of the cushion rubber 74.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 9, the lower rack guide 73 is joined to the pressing surface 75 on the side facing the holding surface 65 of the rack 45 at the protrusion 73 b, and the elasticity of the cushion rubber 74 applied to the lower rack guide 73. The force is transmitted to the rack 45 through the protrusion 73b. Thereby, the rack 45 is always urged by the elastic force of the cushion rubber 74 in the direction in which the holding surface 65 is in contact with the roller 63. Therefore, even when the distance between the holding surface 65 formed on the rack 45 and the pinion shaft 41 is set narrow in consideration of the tolerance and the like, the rack 45 always contacts the roller 63. As a result, even when vibration is applied to the rack 45 when the operation is stopped, noise generated by the rack 45 vibrating between the pinion 46 and the roller 63 is reduced.

  Thus, in this opening / closing device 15, the rack 45 is always urged in the direction in which the holding surface 65 is in contact with the roller 63 by the elastic force of the cushion rubber 74, so that the rack 45 is between the pinion 46 and the roller 63. Noise generated by vibration can be reduced.

  Further, since the rack 45 is always urged by the elastic force of the cushion rubber 74 in the direction in which the holding surface 65 is in contact with the roller 63, the interval between the rack 45 and the pinion 46 is always kept constant. Therefore, the meshing between the rack teeth 45a of the rack 45 and the pinion 46 is stabilized, and the operating noise and vibrations generated by the meshing portions of the rack teeth 45a and the pinion 46 can be reduced.

  Furthermore, since the width dimension of the groove portion 64 provided in the rack 45 can be set sufficiently wide with respect to the roller 63, the width of the groove portion 64 becomes too narrow due to a processing error or the like, resulting in malfunction of the roller 63. There is no problem. Therefore, the processing of the groove 64 can be facilitated, and the quality of the opening / closing device 15 can be improved.

  Furthermore, in this switchgear 15, the vibration absorbing mechanism 71 can be configured within the range of the width dimension of the rack 45, and the switchgear 15 can be reduced in size. In particular, when the opening / closing device 15 is mounted in the roof of the vehicle 11, the ceiling height of the passenger compartment can be increased by reducing the vertical dimension.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, a support cover 76 is fixed to the base 21 so as to cover the holding shaft 62, and one end of the holding shaft 62 and the pinion shaft 41 is supported by the support cover 76. The holes 76a and 76b are engaged. That is, the holding shaft 62 and the pinion shaft 41 are held at a predetermined interval by the support cover 76.

  Further, between the rack 45 and the support cover 76, an upper rack guide 81 as an axial pressing member constituting the vibration absorbing mechanism 71 and a wave washer 82 as an axial elastic member are arranged. The upper rack guide 81 is mounted on the holding shaft 62 so as to be movable in the axial direction, and one end surface thereof is in contact with the axial end surface of the rack 45. On the other hand, the wave washer 82 is mounted in an elastically deformed state between the upper rack guide 81 and the support cover 76, and the upper rack guide 81 is always urged toward the rack 45 by the elastic force of the wave washer 82. It is like that. At this time, the rack 45 comes into contact with the lower rack guide 73 at the end face facing the base 21 side and is restricted from moving toward the base 21 side. Therefore, the rack 45 is attached to the base 21 by elastic deformation of the wave washer 82. It will not move unnecessarily towards. With such a configuration, the vibration in the axial direction of the holding shaft 62 generated in the rack 45 is absorbed by the wave washer 82 and reduced.

  Thus, in this opening / closing device 15, the rack 45 is always urged in the axial direction by the elastic force of the wave washer 82. Therefore, even when vibration is applied to the rack 45 when operation is stopped, the rack 45 Can be reduced.

  FIG. 10 is an exploded perspective view showing details of the base shown in FIG. 2, and FIG. 11 is an explanatory view showing the positional relationship of each positioning portion in the base.

  The base 21 used in the actuator unit 16 is formed so as to be split into two in the axial direction of the pinion shaft 41 in order to accommodate the reduction gear 43 therein. That is, the base 21 includes a first base body 83 and a second base body 84 that are assembled to each other, and the reduction gear 43 is a gear housing formed between the first and second base bodies 83 and 84. The guide rail 48 is accommodated in the portion 42 and is fixed to the first base body 83. For assembling these base bodies 83 and 84, fastening members such as bolts and nuts (not shown) inserted through a plurality of assembly holes provided in the respective base bodies 83 and 84 are used.

  The first base body 83 is provided with the shaft support portion 35 described above, and a pair of shaft support portions 35, that is, a pair of pinion shafts 41 on both sides of the shaft support portion 35, on the straight line passing through the axis of the shaft support portion 35. Positioning bosses 85 and 86 are provided. These positioning bosses 85 and 86 are each formed in a cylindrical shape protruding toward the second base body 84.

  On the other hand, the second base body 84 is provided with the above-described shaft support portions 34 and 36, that is, the distance between the pinion shaft 41 and the output shaft 31 is the shaft support portion provided in the second base body 84. 34 and 36 are set. This is because the first and second base bodies 83 and 84 are formed by pressing a steel plate, and the shaft support portions 34 to 36 are formed at that time. By supporting the pinion shaft 41 and the output shaft 31 by the provided shaft support portions 34 and 36, the interval between the pinion shaft 41 and the output shaft 31 can be set with high accuracy. Therefore, it is possible to improve the accuracy of the meshing position between the reduction gear 43 fixed to the pinion shaft 41 and the output gear 32 fixed to the output shaft 31, and to reduce the operating noise, vibration, and the like.

  Further, the second base body 84 is provided with a pair of positioning holes 87 and 88 on both sides of the shaft support portion 36 on a straight line passing through the axis of one shaft support portion 36. These positioning holes 87 and 88 are formed at positions corresponding to positioning bosses 85 and 86 provided in the first base body 83, respectively. One positioning hole 87 is formed in a circular shape having an inner diameter equivalent to the outer diameter of the positioning boss 85, and the other positioning hole 88 has a width dimension in a direction perpendicular to the straight line passing through the shaft support portion 36. The outer diameter of the positioning boss 86 is larger than the outer diameter of the positioning boss 86.

  When the first and second base bodies 83 and 84 are assembled, the positioning bosses 85 and 86 are engaged with the positioning holes 87 and 88, respectively, thereby positioning the assembly. Yes. That is, these positioning boss 85 and positioning hole 87 and positioning boss 86 and positioning hole 88 constitute base body positioning portions 91 and 92, respectively, and when the first and second base bodies 83 and 84 are assembled to each other. The positioning is performed by the base body positioning portions 91 and 92. Thereby, the assembly accuracy of the 1st and 2nd base bodies 83 and 84 improves, and the axial center of the shaft support parts 35 and 36 provided in each base body 83 and 84 can be made to correspond. Therefore, the pinion shaft 41 rotatably supported by the first and second base bodies 83 and 84 via the bearings 38 and 39 does not tilt with respect to the normal position. In addition, since the positioning hole 88 is formed as a long hole, the first and second base bodies 83 and 84 are assembled even when the positions of the positioning bosses 85 and 86 are deviated by a dimensional tolerance. Is possible.

  As described above, in the opening / closing device 15, since the base body positioning portions 91 and 92 are provided on the first and second base bodies 83 and 84 to be assembled with each other, the set of the first and second base bodies 83 and 84 is provided. The attaching accuracy can be improved.

  Further, the holding shaft 62 inserted through the through hole 48 a provided in the guide rail 48 protrudes from the guide rail 48 and engages with a rail positioning hole 93 provided in the first base body 83. That is, the holding shaft 62 has a function as a so-called knock pin for positioning the guide rail 48 with respect to the first base body 83. That is, the holding shaft 62 forms a rail positioning portion 94 with the rail positioning hole 93. Yes. The guide rail 48 is provided with a through hole 48b that is separated from the through hole 48a by a predetermined distance in the axial direction. The rail positioning boss 95 provided in the first base body 83 is provided in the through hole 48b. Are to be engaged. Thus, the guide rail 48 is positioned relative to the first base body 83 by engaging the holding shaft 62 with the rail positioning hole 93 and the rail positioning boss 95 with the through hole 48b. It has become.

  As shown in FIG. 11, in this opening / closing device 15, the axis of the holding shaft 62 inserted through the rail positioning hole 93 provided in the first base body 83 and the through hole 48 a of the guide rail 48, that is, the rail positioning portion 94. The shaft center is a pinion shaft supported by bearings 38 and 39 accommodated in base body positioning portions 91 and 92 and shaft support portions 35 and 36 for positioning the assembly positions of the first and second base bodies 83 and 84. It is arranged on a straight line L passing through the 41 axis. That is, the axis of the pinion shaft 41, the base body positioning portions 91 and 92, and the rail positioning portion 94 are arranged on a straight line when viewed from the axial direction of the pinion shaft 41. Further, the axial direction of the guide rail 48 is set at a right angle to the straight line L, and the meshing direction of the rack 45 and the pinion 46 coincides with the straight line L.

  As a result, the positional relationship between the axis of the pinion shaft 41 and the positioning portions 91, 92, 94 is determined by the dimension setting in the same direction with respect to the axis of the pinion shaft 41. The position of each positioning part 91, 92, 94 can be set accurately by minimizing a dimensional tolerance or the like generated when setting the positions 91, 92, 94. Further, since the axial direction of the guide rail 48 is set at a right angle to the straight line L, the position of the rail positioning boss 95 can be accurately set so that the dimensional tolerance is minimized. Therefore, the assembly accuracy of the base bodies 83 and 84 and the assembly accuracy of the guide rail 48 with respect to the first base body 83 can be improved.

  As described above, in the opening / closing device 15, the shaft center of the pinion shaft 41, the base body positioning portions 91 and 92, and the rail positioning portion 94 are arranged in a straight line, and the axial direction of the guide rail 48 is set to the pinion shaft 41. Since it is set at right angles to the straight line L passing through the shaft center, the base body positioning portions 91 and 92, and the rail positioning portion 94, the assembly accuracy of each member can be improved. Further, by improving the assembling accuracy of each member, the vertical accuracy of the pinion shaft 41 and the dimensional accuracy such as the interval between the rack 45 and the pinion 46 can be improved, and the operation of the opening / closing device 15 can be made smooth. it can.

  It goes without saying that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the invention. For example, in the above-described embodiment, the opening / closing member is the back door 12 that is mounted on the rear end of the vehicle 11 so as to be freely opened and closed in the vertical direction. It is good also as a member.

  In the above embodiment, the actuator unit 16 is fixed inside the pillar of the vehicle 11. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the actuator unit 16 may be arranged inside the roof 13 of the vehicle 11. In this case, the rack 45 is provided so as to reciprocate substantially in the front-rear direction with respect to the vehicle 11.

  Furthermore, in the above-described embodiment, the sliding member is not limited to the one in which the engaging portion 55 engages with the engaging hole 56 provided in the slide block 47. For example, as shown in FIG. It is good also as what has the nail | claw-shaped engaging part 55 formed in the nail | claw shape which protrudes to an axial direction with respect to the axial direction end surface of the slide block 47, and bend | folded.

  Furthermore, in the embodiment, the pair of sliding members 53a and 53b is used as the sliding member. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and for example, as shown in FIG. Alternatively, an integral sliding member 96 formed symmetrically with respect to these engaging portions 55 may be used.

  Furthermore, in the above-described embodiment, one holding member 61 that faces the pinion shaft 41 is provided. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and for example, as shown in FIG. A plurality of holding members 61 arranged in a row may be provided. In the case shown in the figure, a pair of holding members 61 are provided at positions symmetrical with respect to the pinion shaft 41. In this case, the support strength of the rack 45 by the holding member 61 is increased, and the rack 45 is prevented from being twisted. can do. In the illustrated case, the rack 45 is provided with a pin member (not shown), and the rack 45 is guided to the guide rail 48 by engaging the pin member with a groove 97 provided in the guide rail 48. It has become so.

  12, 13, and 14, members corresponding to those described above are denoted by the same reference numerals.

  Furthermore, the axial direction of the guide rail only needs to be substantially perpendicular to the straight line L, and the center of each positioning portion 91, 92, 94 and the pinion shaft 41 need only be substantially in a straight line.

1 is a side view showing a part of a vehicle provided with an automatic opening / closing device for a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is a front view which shows the detail of the automatic opening / closing apparatus for vehicles shown in FIG. It is sectional drawing which follows the AA line in FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the detail of the gear transmission mechanism shown in FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the detail of the slide block shown in FIG. FIG. 6 is an exploded perspective view of the slide block shown in FIG. 5. (A), (b) is sectional drawing which shows the assembly method of the sliding member shown in FIG. 6, respectively. It is a disassembled perspective view which shows the detail of the vibrational absorption mechanism shown in FIG. It is explanatory drawing which shows the urging | biasing direction of the rack by the vibrational absorption mechanism shown in FIG. It is a disassembled perspective view which shows the detail of the base shown in FIG. It is explanatory drawing which shows the positional relationship of each positioning part in a base. It is a perspective view which shows the modification of the sliding member shown in FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the modification of the sliding member shown in FIG. It is a front view which shows the modification of the vehicle opening / closing apparatus shown in FIG.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 Vehicle 12 Back door 13 Roof 14 Hinge 15 Vehicle automatic opening / closing device 16 Actuator unit 17 Connection rod 18 Connection bracket 21 Base 22 Electric motor 22a Rotating shaft 23 Reducer 24 Drive unit 25 Gear case 26 Deceleration mechanism 27 Warm 28 Warm wheel 31 Output Shaft 32 Output gear 33 Electromagnetic clutch 34, 35, 36 Shaft support portion 37, 38, 39 Bearing 41 Pinion shaft 42 Gear housing portion 43 Reduction gear 44 Gear transmission mechanism 45 Rack 45a Rack tooth 46 Pinion 47 Slide block 47a Slide groove 48 Guide rail 48a, 48b Through hole 49 Slide mechanism 51 Bolt 52 Connection bracket 53a, 53b Sliding member 54 Base 55 Engaging portion 55a End surface 56 Engaging hole 56a Side surface 61 Holding member 62 Holding shaft 63 Roller 64 Groove portion 65 Holding surface 71 Vibration absorbing mechanism 72 Support piece 72a Fixed portion 72b Support column portion 73 Lower rack guide 73a Wall portion 73b Projection portion 74 Cushion rubber 75 Press surface 76 Support cover 76a, 76b Support hole 81 Upper rack Guide 82 Wave washer 83 First base body 84 Second base body 85, 86 Positioning boss 87,88 Positioning hole 91,92 Base body positioning portion 93 Rail positioning hole 94 Rail positioning portion 95 Rail positioning boss 96 Slide member 97 Groove L Straight

Claims (4)

An automatic vehicle opening / closing device having a rack connected to an opening / closing member mounted on a vehicle and a drive source for driving a pinion meshing with a rack tooth of the rack, and automatically opening / closing the opening / closing member,
A slide portion provided on the rack and engaged with the outside of the guide rail and supported by the guide rail so as to be linearly reciprocable;
A base provided with a low friction surface in sliding contact with the guide rail, and an engaging portion provided integrally with the base to engage the slide and restrict displacement of the base in the axial direction; An automatic opening / closing device for a vehicle having a sliding member attached to the section.   2. The automatic opening / closing device for a vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the engaging portion is formed in a claw shape that is bent with respect to the base portion and is engaged with the slide portion.   The automatic opening and closing device for a vehicle according to claim 1 or 2, wherein an engagement hole is formed in the slide portion, and the engagement portion is bent along the axial direction of the guide rail with respect to the base portion. An automatic opening / closing device for a vehicle characterized by being engaged with the vehicle. 4. The automatic opening and closing device for a vehicle according to claim 3, wherein the sliding member is provided with a pair of engaging portions, and the sliding member is formed symmetrically with respect to the pair of engaging portions. Automatic vehicle opening and closing device.

Images