JP2005113179A - Method of treating slag in refining furnace for nonferrous refining - Google Patents
Method of treating slag in refining furnace for nonferrous refining Download PDFInfo
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- JP2005113179A JP2005113179A JP2003346614A JP2003346614A JP2005113179A JP 2005113179 A JP2005113179 A JP 2005113179A JP 2003346614 A JP2003346614 A JP 2003346614A JP 2003346614 A JP2003346614 A JP 2003346614A JP 2005113179 A JP2005113179 A JP 2005113179A
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- copper
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- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 title abstract description 21
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000009924 canning Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- -1 ferrous metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 241000722270 Regulus Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910001361 White metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010969 white metal Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 9
- SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(II,III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]O[Fe]=O SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 5
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000404144 Pieris melete Species 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfurous acid Chemical compound OS(O)=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- OMZSGWSJDCOLKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper(II) sulfide Chemical compound [S-2].[Cu+2] OMZSGWSJDCOLKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000003746 feather Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012495 reaction gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003252 repetitive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本発明は銅やニッケルなどの有価金属を含有する硫化精鉱より銅やニッケルといった有価金属を得るための製錬方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a smelting method for obtaining valuable metals such as copper and nickel from sulfide concentrates containing valuable metals such as copper and nickel.
従来、硫化精鉱のような非鉄金属原料から含有有価金属を得る方法に自熔炉等の溶錬炉と、転炉と、精製炉とを用いる方法がある。この方法では、例えば、硫化銅精鉱とフラックス等とを補助燃料と共に自熔炉内に吹き込み、酸化製錬して銅分をＦｅＳとＣｕ２Ｓとを主成分とするカワやＣｕ２Ｓを主成分とする白カワとし、硫黄分を亜硫酸ガスとして回収する。得たカワや白カワは自熔炉などの製錬炉からレードル等に抜き出し、これを転炉に搬送し、転炉内に装入する。そして、転炉で引き続き酸化製錬を行う。 Conventionally, there is a method of using a smelting furnace such as a self-smelting furnace, a converter, and a refining furnace as a method for obtaining a valuable metal from a nonferrous metal raw material such as sulfide concentrate. In this method, for example, copper sulfide concentrate, flux, and the like are blown into a flash furnace together with auxiliary fuel, oxidized and smelted, and the copper content is mainly composed of iron or Cu 2 S mainly composed of FeS and Cu 2 S. White sulfur as a component, and sulfur content is recovered as sulfurous acid gas. The obtained river or white river is extracted from a smelting furnace such as a self-melting furnace into a ladle, etc., transported to the converter, and charged into the converter. Then, oxidation smelting is continued in the converter.
転炉工程は大きく分けて、珪石等のフラックスを転炉内に装入して、熔体中に含まれるＦｅ分をスラグに固定する造カン期とＣｕ２Ｓ中のSを除去して粗銅を得る造銅期とからなり、各々の反応は以下の式で表される。
造カン期
2FeS + 3O2 + SiO2 → 2FeO・SiO2 + 2SO2
造銅期
Cu2S + O2 → 2Cu + SO2
Cu2S + 3/2O2 → Cu2O + SO2
2Cu2O + Cu2S → 6Cu + SO2
The converter process is broadly divided into a process of fixing the Fe content contained in the melt to the slag by inserting a flux of silica or the like into the converter, and removing S in Cu 2 S to remove crude copper. Each reaction is represented by the following formula.
Canned period
2FeS + 3O 2 + SiO 2 → 2FeO ・ SiO 2 + 2SO 2
Copper making
Cu 2 S + O 2 → 2Cu + SO 2
Cu 2 S + 3 / 2O 2 → Cu 2 O + SO 2
2Cu 2 O + Cu 2 S → 6Cu + SO 2
造カン期、造銅期の反応は、いずれも発熱反応であり、放置しておけば熔体温度が高くなりすぎて炉内煉瓦の損傷を招くことになる。このため、銅スクラップや故銅、銅滓、煙灰といった含銅化合物を冷剤として添加し、これらの溶解等に過剰の反応熱を吸収し、熔体温度を一定範囲に維持するようにする。 Both the reaction during the can-making period and the copper-making period are exothermic reactions. If left as it is, the melt temperature becomes too high and the bricks in the furnace are damaged. For this reason, a copper-containing compound such as copper scrap, late copper, copper slag, and smoke ash is added as a cooling agent, so that excessive reaction heat is absorbed in the melting and the like, and the melt temperature is maintained within a certain range.
造銅期終了後に得られる粗銅は精製炉内に装入される。精製炉内では、炉体の中間部付近に設けられた羽口から吹き込まれる反応用のガス又はその他によって粗銅中の不純物が精製炉スラグとして粗銅表面に分離除去される。不純物が除去された精製粗銅は炉外に排出され、鋳造工程に送られて精製アノードに鋳造される。 Crude copper obtained after completion of the copper making period is charged into a refining furnace. In the refining furnace, impurities in the crude copper are separated and removed from the surface of the crude copper as refining furnace slag by a reaction gas or the like blown from a tuyere provided near the middle part of the furnace body. The refined crude copper from which impurities have been removed is discharged out of the furnace, sent to a casting process, and cast on a refined anode.
ところで、粗銅を転炉から精製炉へ移す際に、転炉内に残留したFeO-Cu2O-SiO2系スラグの一部が粗銅に混入し、精製炉内に持ち込まれる。便宜上このスラグをドブと称する。なお、このドブはマグネタイト品位が４０％以上となっている。 By the way, when the crude copper is transferred from the converter to the refining furnace, a part of the FeO—Cu 2 O—SiO 2 slag remaining in the converter is mixed into the crude copper and brought into the refining furnace. For convenience, this slag is referred to as a dove. This dove has a magnetite quality of 40% or more.
精製炉内に持ち込まれたドブは比重差から熔体粗銅表面に浮くので、精製炉を傾転してこれを炉口からレードルに排出する。レードルに排出されたドブは、ドブ中に随伴される銅分を回収するために、通常、熔体のまま転炉の造銅期に転炉内に装入され、処理される。この時、多量のドブが転炉に戻されると、転炉造銅期終了後においてもドブが転炉炉内に残留し、それが次の転炉造カン期操業時に装入されるフラックスと反応してFeO-SiO2系スラグを形成する。 The dove brought into the refining furnace floats on the surface of the molten crude copper due to the difference in specific gravity. Therefore, the refining furnace is tilted and discharged from the furnace opening to the ladle. The dove discharged to the ladle is usually charged and processed in the converter during the copper making phase of the converter in the molten state in order to recover the copper component accompanying the dove. At this time, when a large amount of dove is returned to the converter, the dove remains in the converter even after the converter copper making period, and this is the flux charged during the next converter canning operation. It reacts to form FeO-SiO 2 slag.
よって、転炉造銅期に繰り返し物として転炉内に装入されるドブの量が見込み量より多いと、造銅期終了後の炉内に残るドブ量が見込み量より多くなり、これに見合った量のフラックスを造カン期に追加装入せざるを得ない。このフラックスの追加装入分の溶解に見合った熱量が消費され、転炉での造カン期の熱不足を引き起こし、転炉造カン期における反応性が悪化し、スラグ性状を悪化させる。この結果、転炉炉口からのスラグの排出が困難となり、転炉操業に支障を来すという問題を生じる。 Therefore, if the amount of dove charged into the converter as a repetitive product in the converter copper making phase is larger than the expected amount, the amount of dove remaining in the furnace after the copper making phase ends will exceed the expected amount. It is unavoidable to add an appropriate amount of flux during the building process. The amount of heat commensurate with the melting of the additional charge of the flux is consumed, causing heat shortage during the canning period in the converter, resulting in poor reactivity during the converter canning period and worsening slag properties. As a result, it becomes difficult to discharge the slag from the converter furnace port, which causes a problem that the converter operation is hindered.
こうした問題は精製炉から払い出されるドブ量が安定していれば大きな問題とはならない。しかしながら、ドブを全量造銅期の転炉内に装入するという操業を採る結果、精製炉でのドブ発生量は５〜１５ｔ／回と大きく振れるため、前記問題が大きなものとなっている。
本発明は、このような従来の問題に鑑みなされたものであり、転炉造カン期のスラグ性状悪化を防止しうる非鉄金属精錬法の提供を目的とする。
Such a problem does not become a big problem if the amount of dough discharged from the refining furnace is stable. However, as a result of adopting an operation of charging dough into the converter in the total copper making stage, the amount of dobbing generated in the refining furnace fluctuates as large as 5 to 15 t / times, so that the above problem becomes serious.
This invention is made | formed in view of such a conventional problem, and it aims at provision of the nonferrous metal refining method which can prevent the deterioration of the slag property in a converter canning stage.
上記目的を達成する本発明は、熔錬炉と転炉と精製炉とを用いて非鉄金属精錬を行う方法において、精製炉より排出されるドブ中の銅を回収するに際し、ドブの全量を固化し、粉砕して一部を造銅期の転炉に繰り返し、残部を自熔炉に繰り返すものである。 The present invention that achieves the above object is a method for refining non-ferrous metals using a smelting furnace, a converter and a refining furnace, and solidifies the entire amount of the dob when recovering copper in the dove discharged from the refining furnace. Then, it is pulverized and a part is repeated to the converter in the copper making stage, and the remaining part is repeated to the self-melting furnace.
本発明において造銅期の転炉に繰り返すドブ量は、転炉での造カン期での熱量バランスが採りうる範囲内とする。この量は転炉内に供給されるカワや白カワの組成、用いる冷剤の量などにより大きく影響されるため、一義的に限定できないものの、例えば、転炉装入カワ品位がＣｕ６０〜６５％程度、装入量が２２５〜２３５ｔ／回程度の場合繰り返しドブ量は５〜７ｔである。 In the present invention, the amount of dobbing repeated in the converter at the copper making stage is set within a range in which a heat balance in the canning stage of the converter can be taken. This amount is greatly influenced by the composition of the river and white river supplied into the converter, the amount of the cooling agent used, and the like, but cannot be uniquely limited. For example, the converter charge quality is Cu 60 to 65%. When the charging amount is about 225 to 235 t / times, the amount of repeated dobbing is 5 to 7 t.
本発明によれば、一度に多量のドブが、転炉造銅期に繰り返されることが無くなり、転炉造カン期におけるスラグ性状悪化が防止出来た。その結果、精製炉で発生するドブ量も減少し、且つ安定化した。 According to the present invention, a large amount of dough is not repeated at the time of the converter copper making period, and deterioration of the slag properties during the converter canning period can be prevented. As a result, the amount of dough generated in the refining furnace was reduced and stabilized.
本発明において、ドブを固化した後に自熔炉に繰り返すのは、熔体の状態で繰り返そうとすると単位時間当たりの装入量を小さくすることが難しいからである。単位時間当たりの装入量が多いと、ドブ中のマグネタイト品位が４０％以上と高いことから、自熔炉内でのマグネタイトトラブルを助長するからである。即ち、単位時間当たりの装入量を小さくしてドブに含まれるマグネタイトを還元分解しつつ操業することによりマグネタイトトラブルの発生を防止することが必要だからである。なお、マグネタイトは炉底や炉壁に付着し、有効炉内容積を減少させる。 In the present invention, the dough is solidified and then repeated in the auto-smelting furnace because it is difficult to reduce the charging amount per unit time if it is repeated in the molten state. This is because if the amount of charge per unit time is large, the magnetite quality in the dove is as high as 40% or more, which promotes magnetite troubles in the self-melting furnace. That is, it is necessary to prevent the occurrence of magnetite trouble by operating while reducing and decomposing the magnetite contained in the dove by reducing the charging amount per unit time. In addition, magnetite adheres to a furnace bottom and a furnace wall, and reduces an effective furnace internal volume.
本発明では精製炉より払い出されるドブを全量固化、粉砕して造銅期の転炉と自熔炉とに装入する。こうすることにより転炉への装入量を安定化させることができる。 In the present invention, all of the dove discharged from the refining furnace is solidified and pulverized, and charged into a converter and a self-melting furnace in the copper making stage. By doing so, the amount charged into the converter can be stabilized.
本発明において、最も好ましい方法は転炉での操業に支障が出ない範囲で造銅期の転炉に繰り返すドブ量を一定としておき、これを越えるドブ量を自熔炉に繰り返すことである。発生ドブ量が所定量より少ない場合、造カン期での過剰熱量が発生する可能性が大きいが、こうした場合、銅スクラップ、故銅、銅滓といった冷剤を添加して過剰熱量を吸収すれば良く、特段の支障はない。 In the present invention, the most preferable method is to keep the dove amount repeated in the copper-making phase converter within a range that does not hinder the operation in the converter, and to repeat the dove amount exceeding this to the self-melting furnace. If the amount of generated dough is less than the predetermined amount, there is a high possibility that excessive heat will be generated in the can-making stage. In such a case, if you add a cooling agent such as copper scrap, late copper, copper slag, Well, there are no particular problems.
むろん、転炉に装入するドブについては熔体のままとし、残部を固形化して自熔炉に繰り返すことも可能であるが、この場合、本発明の方法に比較して転炉への装入量の安定化が困難という問題がある。 Of course, it is possible to keep the dove charged in the converter as a melt, solidify the remainder and repeat it in the auto-smelting furnace, but in this case, the charging to the converter compared to the method of the present invention is possible. There is a problem that it is difficult to stabilize the amount.
なお、固化したドブを繰り返す際の形状としては、転炉に装入する場合には塊状とし、自熔炉に装入する場合には塊状、若しくは粉状とすることが取扱上好ましい。 In addition, as a shape at the time of repeating the solidified dough, it is preferable on handling that it is a lump when charging into a converter, and is lump or powder when charging into a self-melting furnace.
本発明においては、装入するドブは塊状物、あるいは粉状物であるため、取扱が容易、且つ装入量の制御が簡単である。よって、熱量バランスが採りうる範囲内で最大量を転炉に装入し、残部を自熔炉に装入することも可能である。こうすれば、繰り返しによる銅ロスとコストアップとを可能な限り低下させることが可能となる。 In the present invention, since the dove to be charged is a lump or powder, it is easy to handle and the charge amount is easily controlled. Therefore, it is also possible to charge the maximum amount into the converter within a range where the heat balance can be taken, and to charge the remaining portion into the flash furnace. If it carries out like this, it will become possible to reduce the copper loss and cost increase by repetition as much as possible.
ドブを固化させる手段として、例えば、精製炉の炉口からレードルに排出した熔体のドブの一部を、図１に示す舟型と呼ばれる鉄で形成された型に移し、冷却固化する方法がある。レードル内に残留するドブについては、放冷し固化した後、レードル内より取り出す。 As a means for solidifying the dove, for example, there is a method in which a part of the molten dove discharged from the furnace port of the refining furnace to a ladle is transferred to a mold formed of iron called a boat type and cooled and solidified. is there. The dove remaining in the ladle is taken out of the radle after being allowed to cool and solidify.
図２，図３に示す転炉と精製炉とを用い、精製炉に１回当たり４５０〜５００ｔの品位９９．５の粗銅を装入して処理する操業試験を行った。
精製炉より排出されるドブを図３の舟型に移し、固化し、２〜３ｔ分を自熔炉内に繰り返し、残部を造銅期の転炉に繰り返した。
Using the converter and refining furnace shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, an operation test was conducted in which a refined furnace was charged with 450 to 500 tons of crude 99.5 grade of copper per time.
The dove discharged from the refining furnace was transferred to the boat shape shown in FIG. 3 and solidified, and the portion of 2-3 tons was repeated in the self-melting furnace, and the remainder was repeated in the converter in the copper making stage.
この操業を１０回繰り返したところ、精製炉で排出されるドブ量のバラツキは、従来の５〜１５ｔ／回から４〜８ｔ／回に軽減され、転炉造カン期のスラグ性状悪化の頻度も軽減された。 When this operation was repeated 10 times, the variation in the amount of dough discharged in the refining furnace was reduced to 4-8 t / times from the conventional 5-15 t / times, and the frequency of deterioration of slag properties during the converter canning stage was also reduced. Reduced.
１ 転炉炉口
２ 精製炉炉口
３ 羽口
４ タップ口
1 Converter Furnace 2 Refining Furnace Furnace 3 Feather 4 Tap
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| JP2003346614A JP4111115B2 (en) | 2003-10-06 | 2003-10-06 | Dob treatment method for non-ferrous smelting furnace |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| JP2003346614A JP4111115B2 (en) | 2003-10-06 | 2003-10-06 | Dob treatment method for non-ferrous smelting furnace |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| JP2005113179A true JP2005113179A (en) | 2005-04-28 |
| JP4111115B2 JP4111115B2 (en) | 2008-07-02 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2014202395A (en) * | 2013-04-03 | 2014-10-27 | 住友金属鉱山株式会社 | Scrap treatment method by means of converter |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2014202395A (en) * | 2013-04-03 | 2014-10-27 | 住友金属鉱山株式会社 | Scrap treatment method by means of converter |
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| JP4111115B2 (en) | 2008-07-02 |
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