JP2005105029A - Method for preventing spontaneous ignition of coal - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、製鉄所、発電所などの石炭置き場（ヤード、サイロ等）に堆積された石炭の自然発火を防止する方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a method for preventing spontaneous combustion of coal deposited in a coal storage (yard, silo, etc.) such as an ironworks or a power plant.
製鉄所や発電所などでは、石炭置き場に石炭が堆積された状態で放置されるが、この石炭の堆積物（以下「石炭山」と称す場合がある。）を長期間放置すると、石炭に含まれる炭素や硫黄分などと空気中の酸素とが反応する自然酸化が進行する。そして、この自然酸化の際に発生する反応熱が熱エネルギーとして石炭山内部に蓄積し、石炭山内部の温度が上昇して限界に達すると自然発火に到る。 In steelworks and power plants, the coal deposits are left as they are, but if this coal deposit (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “coal pile”) is left for a long period of time, it will be included in the coal. Spontaneous oxidation proceeds by reacting carbon and sulfur content with oxygen in the air. The reaction heat generated during the natural oxidation accumulates as heat energy inside the coal mine, and when the temperature inside the coal mine rises and reaches the limit, spontaneous ignition occurs.
従来、このような自然発火を防止するために、アクリル系エマルジョン、又は酢ビ（酢酸ビニル）系エマルジョンを、石炭の個々の粒子に散布する方法が提案されている（特公昭５８−５３０３７号公報）。また、界面活性剤を石炭表面にまぶすことで自然発火を防止する方法も提案されている。アクリル系エマルジョン等の薬剤により石炭表面に皮膜が形成されて酸素が遮断され、石炭の自然発火が防止される。 Conventionally, in order to prevent such spontaneous ignition, a method of spraying acrylic emulsion or vinyl acetate (vinyl acetate) emulsion to individual particles of coal has been proposed (Japanese Patent Publication No. 58-53037). ). A method for preventing spontaneous ignition by applying a surfactant to the surface of coal has also been proposed. A film such as an acrylic emulsion forms a film on the surface of the coal to block oxygen and prevent spontaneous ignition of the coal.
しかしながら、アクリル系エマルジョンや酢ビ系エマルジョン、或いは界面活性剤を石炭粒子に散布する方法では、酸素を確実に遮断することはできない。このため、上記特公昭５８−５３０３７号公報では、石炭粒子にアクリル系エマルジョンを散布して堆積させた後、堆積された石炭山の表面に更に酢ビ系エマルジョンやＳＢＲラテックスを散布して石炭山全体を覆う皮膜を形成している。
特公昭５８−５３０３７号公報の記載により、石炭山の自然発火の防止効果を得ることはできるが、より一層確実な自然発火防止方法が望まれている。 According to the description of Japanese Patent Publication No. 58-53037, it is possible to obtain an effect of preventing spontaneous combustion of coal mine, but a more reliable method of preventing spontaneous ignition is desired.
本発明は、堆積された石炭の自然発火を従来法よりも更に確実に防止し得る石炭の自然発火防止方法を提供することを目的とする。 An object of the present invention is to provide a method for preventing spontaneous combustion of coal, which can prevent spontaneous combustion of deposited coal more reliably than conventional methods.
本発明の石炭の自然発火防止方法は、堆積された石炭の自然発火を防止する方法において、石炭を移送して堆積させる際に、ＳＢＲラテックス含有液を石炭に散布しながら移送及び／又は堆積させることを特徴とする。 The method for preventing spontaneous combustion of coal according to the present invention is a method for preventing spontaneous ignition of deposited coal. When coal is transferred and deposited, the SBR latex-containing liquid is transferred and / or deposited while sprayed on the coal. It is characterized by that.
ＳＢＲラテックスであれば、アクリル系エマルジョンを用いる場合に比べて、より一層確実に石炭の自然発火を防止することができる。即ち、ＳＢＲラテックス含有液を石炭の移送及び／又は堆積中に散布することにより、個々の石炭粒子の内部の微細孔にＳＢＲラテックスを浸透させて、石炭の微細孔を塞ぐＳＢＲラテックスの皮膜を形成することができる。このＳＢＲラテックスの皮膜は、アクリル系エマルジョンや酢ビ系エマルジョンに比べて酸素の透過性が極めて低く、石炭粒子を雰囲気中の酸素から遮断して石炭の酸化を防止し、酸化反応熱による自然発火を効果的に防止することができる。 If it is SBR latex, compared with the case where an acrylic emulsion is used, spontaneous combustion of coal can be prevented more reliably. That is, by spraying the SBR latex-containing liquid during the transport and / or deposition of coal, the SBR latex is infiltrated into the fine pores inside the individual coal particles to form a coating of SBR latex that closes the fine pores of the coal. can do. This SBR latex film has extremely low oxygen permeability compared to acrylic emulsions and vinyl acetate emulsions, and prevents coal from being oxidized by blocking coal particles from oxygen in the atmosphere. Can be effectively prevented.
更に、堆積された石炭山の表面にＳＢＲラテックス含有液を散布して石炭山を覆うＳＢＲラテックスの皮膜を形成することにより、石炭の自然発火をより一層確実に防止することができる。即ち、ＳＢＲラテックスの皮膜は、酸素透過性が低い上に、柔軟性に富み、耐水性も高いことから、皮膜の耐久性にも優れ、石炭山の自然発火を長期に亘り防止することができる。 Furthermore, the spontaneous combustion of coal can be more reliably prevented by spraying the SBR latex-containing liquid on the surface of the deposited coal pile to form a coating of SBR latex covering the coal pile. In other words, the SBR latex film has low oxygen permeability, high flexibility, and high water resistance. Therefore, the film has excellent durability, and can prevent spontaneous firing of coal piles over a long period of time. .
なお、本発明において「石炭山」とは、堆積された石炭のすべてを包含するものであり、必ずしも山状の堆積物である必要はない。石炭置き場に積み上げられた石炭の堆積物の他、容器内に投入されて堆積された石炭のような、石炭の集合体をすべて「石炭山」と称す。 In the present invention, the “coal pile” includes all of the deposited coal, and is not necessarily a mountain-like deposit. In addition to the coal deposits stacked in the coal storage, all coal aggregates, such as coal deposited in containers and deposited, are referred to as “coal piles”.
本発明によれば、製鉄所、発電所などの石炭置き場に堆積された石炭の自然発火を効果的に防止することができる。このため、石炭の自然発火による事故を未然に回避すると共に、自然発火防止のための他の様々な保守管理を軽減することができる。 ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the spontaneous combustion of the coal deposited on coal storage places, such as a steelworks and a power plant, can be prevented effectively. For this reason, accidents due to spontaneous combustion of coal can be avoided in advance, and various other maintenance management for preventing spontaneous ignition can be reduced.
以下に本発明の石炭の自然発火防止方法の実施の形態を詳細に説明する。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the method for preventing spontaneous combustion of coal according to the present invention will be described in detail.
本発明においては、石炭の自然発火防止のための薬剤としてＳＢＲラテックス（スチレン−ブタジエン系共重合体ラテックス）を用いる。ＳＢＲラテックスは、一般にＳＢＲ濃度１０〜６０重量％程度のエマルジョンとして提供されるが、本発明においては、好ましくはこのＳＢＲラテックスエマルジョンを適宜水或いは水を主体とする水性媒体で希釈したＳＢＲラテックス希釈液として用いる。即ち、一般に提供されるＳＢＲラテックスを原液のまま用いることは、濃度が高すぎて、石炭への散布に際し支障が生じる。また、高濃度液では、散布量が多くなって薬剤コストの面でも好ましくない。 In the present invention, SBR latex (styrene-butadiene copolymer latex) is used as a chemical for preventing spontaneous ignition of coal. The SBR latex is generally provided as an emulsion having an SBR concentration of about 10 to 60% by weight. In the present invention, the SBR latex is preferably diluted with water or an aqueous medium mainly composed of water. Used as That is, using the generally provided SBR latex as a stock solution is too high in concentration, causing troubles when spraying on coal. In addition, a high concentration solution is not preferable in terms of drug cost due to an increase in spraying amount.
ＳＢＲラテックス希釈液の濃度は、散布時の取り扱い性、ＳＢＲラテックスの石炭への浸透性や皮膜形成性等を考慮して適宜決定されるが、石炭の移送及び／又は堆積中に散布されるＳＢＲラテックス希釈液の濃度は、有効成分（即ち、ＳＢＲ）濃度として０．００５〜１重量％、特に０．０５〜０．５重量％とすることが好ましい。 The concentration of the diluted SBR latex is appropriately determined in consideration of handling at the time of spraying, permeability of SBR latex into coal, film formation, etc., but SBR sprayed during coal transfer and / or deposition. The concentration of the latex diluent is preferably 0.005 to 1% by weight, particularly 0.05 to 0.5% by weight, as the active ingredient (ie, SBR) concentration.
また、石炭の移送及び／又は堆積中に散布するＳＢＲラテックス希釈液の散布量は、そのＳＢＲラテックス希釈液濃度によっても異なるが、石炭に対する有効成分量として０．０００５〜０．０１重量％、特に０．００１〜０．００５重量％となるように散布することが好ましい。 In addition, the amount of SBR latex diluent sprayed during coal transfer and / or deposition varies depending on the concentration of the SBR latex diluent, but is 0.0005 to 0.01% by weight as an active ingredient amount relative to coal. It is preferable to spray so that it may become 0.001-0.005 weight%.
この散布量が少な過ぎると自然発火防止効果を十分に得ることができず、多過ぎてもそれに見合う効果は得られず、薬剤コスト面で不利である。 If this amount is too small, the effect of preventing spontaneous ignition cannot be obtained sufficiently, and if it is too much, an effect commensurate with it cannot be obtained, which is disadvantageous in terms of drug cost.
石炭は、一般に鉱山の採掘現場や鉱石船等から、ベルトコンベアなどの移送手段で移送され、石炭置き場に堆積される。従って、本発明においては、このベルトコンベア等の移送手段上の石炭に対して、スプレーノズルのような散布手段を用いて、上述のような濃度のＳＢＲラテックス希釈液を上述のような散布量で、個々の石炭粒子に対して万遍なく均一に散布することが好ましい。個々の石炭粒子上に散布されたＳＢＲラテックス希釈液は、石炭粒子内部に存在する微細な孔やクラック中に浸透し、ＳＢＲラテックス皮膜を形成することによりこれらの微細な孔やクラックを塞ぎ、石炭酸化反応及びそれによる自然発火を防止する。 Coal is generally transferred from a mining site, ore ship, etc. by a transfer means such as a belt conveyor, and deposited at a coal storage site. Therefore, in the present invention, the SBR latex diluted solution having the above-described concentration is applied to the coal on the transfer means such as the belt conveyor by using a spraying means such as a spray nozzle. It is preferable to spread evenly and uniformly on individual coal particles. The diluted SBR latex sprayed on each coal particle penetrates into the fine pores and cracks existing inside the coal particles, and forms an SBR latex film to close these fine pores and cracks. Prevents oxidation reactions and resulting spontaneous ignition.
ＳＢＲラテックス希釈液を石炭に散布しながら石炭の移送及び／又は堆積を行うことにより、堆積された石炭山の自然発火を十分に防止することはできるが、更に堆積が終了した石炭山の表面にもレインガン等の散布手段を用いてＳＢＲラテックス希釈液を散布して、石炭山表面を覆うＳＢＲラテックスの皮膜を形成させることが好ましい。 By carrying and / or depositing the coal while sprinkling the SBR latex dilution on the coal, it is possible to sufficiently prevent spontaneous combustion of the deposited coal mine, but on the surface of the coal mine where deposition has been completed. Also, it is preferable to form an SBR latex film covering the coal pile surface by spraying the SBR latex diluent using a spraying means such as a rain gun.
この石炭山への散布に用いるＳＢＲラテックス希釈液は、皮膜形成のために、散布に支障がない範囲において、移送及び／又は堆積中の石炭に散布するＳＢＲラテックス希釈液よりも高濃度であることが好ましく、有効成分濃度で２〜５０重量％、特に５〜１０重量％であることが好ましい。 The SBR latex dilution used for spraying this coal pile has a higher concentration than the SBR latex dilution applied to the coal being transferred and / or deposited, as long as there is no hindrance to the coating for film formation. The active ingredient concentration is preferably 2 to 50% by weight, particularly preferably 5 to 10% by weight.
また、このＳＢＲラテックス希釈液の散布量は、堆積された石炭山の面積（表面積）１ｍ２当たり、有効成分量として５０〜５００ｇ、特に１００〜３００ｇとなるようにすることが好ましい。この散布量が少な過ぎると自然発火防止効果を十分に得ることができず、多過ぎてもそれに見合う効果は得られず、薬剤コスト面で不利である。 Moreover, it is preferable that the application amount of the diluted SBR latex is 50 to 500 g, particularly 100 to 300 g as an active ingredient amount per 1 m 2 of the deposited coal pile area (surface area). If this amount is too small, the effect of preventing spontaneous ignition cannot be obtained sufficiently, and if it is too much, an effect commensurate with it cannot be obtained, which is disadvantageous in terms of drug cost.
このようにして堆積が終了した石炭山に散布されたＳＢＲラテックス希釈液は、石炭山の表面に酸素透過性の低い、柔軟で耐水性に優れた皮膜を形成し、石炭山内部への酸素の侵入を防止して酸化による自然発火を防止する。 The SBR latex dilution sprayed on the coal pile thus deposited forms a soft, water-resistant film with low oxygen permeability on the surface of the coal pile, and oxygen Prevent invasion and prevent spontaneous ignition due to oxidation.
なお、本発明においては、ＳＢＲラテックスと共に、従来公知のアクリル系エマルジョンや界面活性剤といった石炭の自然発火防止薬剤を併用しても良い。特に、移送及び／又は堆積中の石炭に対してＳＢＲラテックス希釈液を散布する際にはＳＢＲラテックス希釈液の石炭粒子への浸透性を向上させる目的でＳＢＲラテックス希釈液に界面活性剤を配合しても良い。この場合、界面活性剤は、アニオン系でもカチオン系でも使用できるが、特にノニオン系の界面活性剤が好ましく、その濃度は、ＳＢＲラテックスの有効成分に対して５０〜２００重量％程度とすることが好ましい。 In addition, in this invention, you may use together with the SBR latex together with the conventionally known anti-ignition agent of coal such as acrylic emulsion and surfactant. In particular, when the SBR latex diluent is sprayed on the coal being transferred and / or deposited, a surfactant is added to the SBR latex diluent for the purpose of improving the permeability of the SBR latex diluent to the coal particles. May be. In this case, the surfactant may be anionic or cationic, but a nonionic surfactant is particularly preferable, and the concentration thereof should be about 50 to 200% by weight with respect to the active ingredient of the SBR latex. preferable.
以下に実験例を挙げて本発明の効果を示す。 The effects of the present invention are shown below by giving experimental examples.
実験例１
石炭２００ｇを粒径６００μｍ以下に破砕し、表１に示す各薬剤の０．０５重量％（有効成分量として）水溶液又は水分散液を２０ｇ散布した後（ただし、Ｎｏ．１では無処理とし、Ｎｏ．２では水を散布した。）、２４時間窒素パージしたデシケーター中で乾燥し、その後、クーロメーターを用いて酸素吸収速度を測定した。また、酸素吸収抑制率として、Ｎｏ．１の無処理の場合の酸素吸収速度に対する酸素吸収速度の低減率を算出した。更に、従来法に対する効果として、アクリル系エマルジョンを用いた場合の酸素吸収速度に対するＳＢＲラテックスを用いた場合の酸素吸収速度の低減率を算出した。
Experimental example 1
After pulverizing 200 g of coal to a particle size of 600 μm or less and spraying 20 g of an aqueous solution or aqueous dispersion of 0.05% by weight (as the amount of active ingredient) of each drug shown in Table 1 (No. No. 2 was sprayed with water.), And dried in a desiccator purged with nitrogen for 24 hours, and then the oxygen absorption rate was measured using a coulometer. Moreover, as an oxygen absorption suppression rate, it is No. The reduction rate of the oxygen absorption rate relative to the oxygen absorption rate in the case of no treatment was calculated. Furthermore, as an effect on the conventional method, the reduction rate of the oxygen absorption rate when using the SBR latex with respect to the oxygen absorption rate when using the acrylic emulsion was calculated.
これらの結果を、用いた散布薬剤と石炭に対する散布量（有効成分量）と共に表１に示した。 These results are shown in Table 1 together with the spraying agent used and the spraying amount (active ingredient amount) for coal.
表１より明らかなように、ＳＢＲラテックスであれば、無処理の場合に比べて酸素の透過量を約３３％も低減することができ、更に、アクリル系エマルジョンを用いた場合に比較しても約２０％もの酸素透過量の低減が可能である。これにより、ＳＢＲラテックスであれば、無処理の場合に比べて自然発火に到る限界温度に達する時間を約１．５倍に延長することができることが分かる。 As is apparent from Table 1, the SBR latex can reduce the amount of oxygen permeation by about 33% compared to the case of no treatment, and even compared with the case of using an acrylic emulsion. The amount of oxygen permeation can be reduced by about 20%. Thus, it can be seen that the SBR latex can extend the time to reach the limit temperature for spontaneous ignition by about 1.5 times compared to the case of no treatment.
実験例２
粒径５ｍｍ以下の石炭を高さ１ｃｍに堆積させた後、この堆積物に対して、表２に示す各薬剤の５重量％水溶液又は水分散液を、約２Ｌ、薬剤有効成分量として１００ｇ／ｍ２−石炭面積となるように散布して（ただし、Ｎｏ．７では水のみを２Ｌ散布した。）、テストピースとした。このテストピースを２３℃で１週間放置した後、このテストピースを境界壁とする２つの密閉された空間のうち、一方の空間に２０％標準空気を、他方の空間に純窒素を各々５ｃｃ／ｍｉｎで流し、窒素側の空間の安定した酸素濃度を測定した。また、酸素透過抑制率として、Ｎｏ．７の場合の安定酸素濃度に対する安定酸素濃度の低減率を算出した。更に、従来法に対する効果として、アクリル系エマルジョンを用いた場合の安定酸素濃度に対するＳＢＲラテックスを用いた場合の安定酸素濃度の低減率を算出した。
Experimental example 2
After depositing coal having a particle size of 5 mm or less to a height of 1 cm, about 2 L of a 5 wt% aqueous solution or aqueous dispersion of each drug shown in Table 2 was added to this deposit as a drug active ingredient amount of 100 g / It sprayed so that it might become m < 2 > -coal area (however, in No.7, only 2L of water was sprayed), and it was set as the test piece. After this test piece was left at 23 ° C. for 1 week, 20% standard air in one of the two sealed spaces using the test piece as a boundary wall and pure nitrogen in the other space were each 5 cc / The flow was performed at min, and the stable oxygen concentration in the space on the nitrogen side was measured. In addition, as an oxygen transmission inhibition rate, No. The reduction rate of the stable oxygen concentration with respect to the stable oxygen concentration in the case of 7 was calculated. Furthermore, as an effect on the conventional method, the reduction rate of the stable oxygen concentration when the SBR latex was used relative to the stable oxygen concentration when the acrylic emulsion was used was calculated.
これらの結果を、用いた散布薬剤と石炭に対する散布量（有効成分量）と共に表２に示した。 These results are shown in Table 2 together with the spraying agent used and the spraying amount (active ingredient amount) for coal.
表２より明らかなように、ＳＢＲラテックスであれば、水のみを散布した場合に比べて酸素の透過量を約３５％も低減することができ、更に、アクリル系エマルジョンを用いた場合に比較しても約２７％もの酸素透過量の低減が可能である。 As can be seen from Table 2, the SBR latex can reduce the amount of oxygen permeation by about 35% compared to the case where only water is sprayed, and further compared with the case where an acrylic emulsion is used. However, the oxygen permeation amount can be reduced by about 27%.
また、表１，２より、移送及び／又は堆積中の石炭にＳＢＲラテックス希釈液を散布すると共に、堆積が終了した石炭山に更にＳＢＲラテックス希釈液を散布することにより、石炭の酸化反応を約１／２に低下させることができ、自然発火に到る限界温度に達する期間を約２倍に延長することができることが分かる。 Also, from Tables 1 and 2, the SBR latex diluent is sprayed on the coal that is being transferred and / or deposited, and the SBR latex diluent is further sprayed on the coal pile that has been deposited to reduce the oxidation reaction of the coal. It can be seen that the period of reaching the limit temperature for spontaneous ignition can be extended by a factor of approximately two.
Claims (6)
石炭を移送して堆積させる際に、ＳＢＲラテックス含有液を石炭に散布しながら移送及び／又は堆積させることを特徴とする石炭の自然発火防止方法。 In a method of preventing spontaneous ignition of deposited coal,
A method for preventing spontaneous combustion of coal, wherein when coal is transferred and deposited, the SBR latex-containing liquid is transferred and / or deposited while being sprayed on the coal.
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| WO2016143431A1 (en) * | 2015-03-09 | 2016-09-15 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | Dry-distilled coal inactivation device, coal upgrading plant, and production method for inactivated dry-distilled coal |
| US10151530B2 (en) | 2015-03-09 | 2018-12-11 | Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Engineering, Ltd. | Coal upgrade plant and method for manufacturing upgraded coal |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2016143431A1 (en) * | 2015-03-09 | 2016-09-15 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | Dry-distilled coal inactivation device, coal upgrading plant, and production method for inactivated dry-distilled coal |
| JPWO2016143431A1 (en) * | 2015-03-09 | 2017-10-26 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | Carbonized coal deactivation apparatus, coal reforming plant, and method for producing deactivated carbonized coal |
| US10151530B2 (en) | 2015-03-09 | 2018-12-11 | Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Engineering, Ltd. | Coal upgrade plant and method for manufacturing upgraded coal |
| US10188980B2 (en) | 2015-03-09 | 2019-01-29 | Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Engineering, Ltd. | Coal upgrade plant and method for manufacturing upgraded coal |
| US10221070B2 (en) | 2015-03-09 | 2019-03-05 | Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Engineering, Ltd. | Coal upgrade plant and method for manufacturing upgraded coal |
| US10703976B2 (en) | 2015-03-09 | 2020-07-07 | Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Engineering, Ltd. | Pyrolyzed coal quencher, coal upgrade plant, and method for cooling pyrolyzed coal |
| CN116541983A (en) * | 2023-04-28 | 2023-08-04 | 山东亚特尔集团股份有限公司 | Coal pile heat dissipation flame retardant design method |
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