JP2005102432A - System interconnection system - Google Patents

System interconnection system Download PDF

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JP2005102432A
JP2005102432A JP2003334227A JP2003334227A JP2005102432A JP 2005102432 A JP2005102432 A JP 2005102432A JP 2003334227 A JP2003334227 A JP 2003334227A JP 2003334227 A JP2003334227 A JP 2003334227A JP 2005102432 A JP2005102432 A JP 2005102432A
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power
output
conditioner
outputs
commercial
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Hiroaki Yuasa
裕明 湯浅
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Panasonic Electric Works Co Ltd
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Matsushita Electric Works Ltd
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

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  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To avoid selling power generated by a fuel battery used together with a solar battery as much as possible and prevent a loss from being incurred in total. <P>SOLUTION: A system interconnection system comprises a power conditioner 1 that converts direct-current power, inputted from the solar battery, into an alternating current and outputs it; a power conditioner 2 that converts direct-current power, inputted from the fuel battery, into an alternating current and outputs it; a distribution switchboard 3 that branches and outputs the outputs from the power conditioners 1 and 2, and commercial power input from a commercial power system AC in system interconnection; and a controller 4. The controller determines whether the system is in power selling state or power purchasing state with respect to the commercial power system AC. Further, the controller individually measures the outputs of the power conditioners 1 and 2. If the result of determination reveals that the system is in power selling state and the sold power is larger than the output of the power conditioner 1, the controller reduces the quantity of power generated by the power conditioner 2. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

本発明は、太陽電池及び燃料電池で発生した直流電力を交流に変換して商用電源系統に連係する系統連係システムに関する。   The present invention relates to a system linkage system that converts DC power generated in a solar cell and a fuel cell into AC and links it to a commercial power supply system.

従来の系統連係システムとしては、例えば特許文献１に記載された太陽光発電システムがある。このシステムは、太陽電池から入力される直流電力を交流に変換して出力する電力変換器と、この電力変換器の出力と商用電源系統からの商用電源入力とを系統連係して分岐出力する分電盤とを備え、商用電源系統に対して買電状態にあるか売電状態にあるかを信号変換回路で判別し、その情報を表示器に表示するようになっている。
特開平１１−２２５４４０号公報 As a conventional system linkage system, for example, there is a solar power generation system described in Patent Document 1. In this system, a power converter that converts DC power input from a solar cell into AC and outputs, and an output of the power converter and a commercial power supply input from a commercial power supply system are linked to each other for branch output. An electric panel is provided, and a signal conversion circuit determines whether the commercial power supply system is in a power purchase state or a power sale state, and displays the information on a display.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-225440

ところで、太陽電池は、昼間で晴れの日に発電するが、夜や雨の日には発電することができないので商用電力系統から買電することになる。商用電力の使用量を減らして電気代をさらに節約するためには、太陽電池に加えて、商用電力よりも費用の安い燃料電池を併用するシステムが考えられる。   By the way, although the solar cell generates power on a sunny daytime, it cannot be generated on a night or rainy day, so it purchases power from a commercial power system. In order to further reduce the amount of electricity consumed by reducing the amount of commercial power used, a system that uses a fuel cell, which is cheaper than commercial power, in addition to a solar battery can be considered.

しかしながら、単純に燃料電池を併用するシステムでは、燃料電池による発電にかかる費用は商用電力よりも安いものの、燃料電池により発電した電力を売電してしまうと、発電にかかる費用よりも安い費用でしか買ってもらえないので、発電に費用のかからない太陽電池とは異なり、トータルとして損がでることとなる。   However, in a system that simply uses a fuel cell, the cost of power generation by the fuel cell is lower than that of commercial power. However, if the power generated by the fuel cell is sold, the cost is lower than the cost of power generation. You can only buy them, so unlike the solar cells that don't cost money to generate electricity, you lose as a whole.

本発明は、このような事由に鑑みてなされたものであり、その目的は、太陽電池と併用する燃料電池により発電した電力を極力売電しないようにし、トータルで損のでない系統連係システムを提供することにある。   The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and the object thereof is to provide a system linkage system that prevents power from being sold as much as possible from the power generated by the fuel cell used in combination with the solar cell, and that does not cause any loss. There is to do.

上記課題を解決するための請求項１記載の発明の系統連係システムは、太陽電池から入力される直流電力を交流に変換して出力するパワーコンディショナと、燃料電池から入力される直流電力を交流に変換して出力するパワーコンディショナと、これら双方のパワーコンディショナからの出力と商用電力系統からの商用電源入力とを系統連系して分岐出力する分電盤と、商用電力系統に対して買電状態にあるか売電状態にあるかの判別をするとともに、上記双方のパワーコンディショナの出力測定を個別に行い、判別結果が売電状態にあるときであって、売電力が太陽電池のパワーコンディショナの出力よりも大きい場合に、燃料電池のパワーコンディショナの発電量を少なくする制御装置とを備えることを特徴とする。この構成では、太陽電池と併用する燃料電池により発電した電力を極力売電しないようにし、トータルで損のでないようにすることができる。   The system linkage system according to claim 1 for solving the above-mentioned problem is a power conditioner that converts DC power input from a solar cell into AC and outputs the AC, and DC power input from a fuel cell is AC For the power conditioner that converts and outputs the power to the power distribution board, the distribution board that branches and outputs the output from both power conditioners and the commercial power input from the commercial power grid, and the commercial power grid It is determined whether it is in a power purchase state or a power sale state, and the output measurement of both power conditioners is individually performed. When the determination result is in a power sale state, And a control device that reduces the power generation amount of the power conditioner of the fuel cell when the output is larger than the output of the power conditioner. In this configuration, it is possible to prevent the power generated by the fuel cell used in combination with the solar cell from being sold as much as possible, and to prevent a total loss.

請求項２記載の発明、請求項１記載の系統連係システムにおいて、前記制御装置は、前記分電盤から分岐出力される消費量の測定をする手段を有し、前記判別結果が売電状態にあるときであって、売電力が太陽電池のパワーコンディショナの出力よりも大きい場合に、燃料電池のパワーコンディショナの発電量を前記手段で測定された消費量と同一にすることを特徴とする。この構成では、売電力と太陽電池のパワーコンディショナの出力とを等しくなるようにできるため、太陽電池のパワーコンディショナの発電量を全て売電にまわすことができ、コスト的に有利となる。   2. The system linkage system according to claim 2, wherein the control device includes means for measuring a consumption amount branched from the distribution board, and the determination result is in a power sale state. The power generation amount of the power conditioner of the fuel cell is made equal to the consumption amount measured by the means when the power sale is larger than the output of the power conditioner of the solar cell at a certain time. . In this configuration, since the power sales and the output of the power conditioner of the solar cell can be made equal, all the power generation amount of the power conditioner of the solar cell can be used for power sales, which is advantageous in terms of cost.

本発明によれば、太陽電池と併用する燃料電池により発電した電力を極力売電しないようにし、トータルで損のでないようにすることができる。   According to the present invention, it is possible to prevent the power generated by the fuel cell used in combination with the solar cell from being sold as much as possible, and to prevent a total loss.

図１は本発明による一実施形態の系統連係システムの構成図、図２は同系統連係システムの動作フロー図である。   FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a system linkage system according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an operation flow diagram of the system linkage system.

本実施形態の系統連係システムは、太陽電池及び燃料電池で発生した直流電力を交流に変換して商用電源系統に連係するものであり、図１に示すように、パワーコンディショナ１，２と、分電盤３とを備えているとともに、分電盤３内に制御装置４を備えている。   The system linkage system of the present embodiment converts the DC power generated in the solar cell and the fuel cell into AC and links it to the commercial power supply system. As shown in FIG. A distribution board 3 is provided, and a control device 4 is provided in the distribution board 3.

パワーコンディショナ１は、図外の太陽電池から入力される直流電力を交流に変換して出力するものであり、例えば特許文献１と同様に、接続箱を介して太陽電池と接続されるインバータ回路構成の電力変換器およびこの出力側に設けられる解列開閉器などにより構成される。   The power conditioner 1 converts DC power input from a solar cell (not shown) into AC and outputs it. For example, as in Patent Document 1, an inverter circuit connected to the solar cell via a connection box It is comprised by the power converter of a structure, the disconnection switch provided in this output side, etc.

パワーコンディショナ２は、図外の燃料電池から入力される直流電力を交流に変換して出力するものであり、例えば、接続箱を介して燃料電池と接続されるインバータ回路構成の電力変換器およびこの出力側に設けられる解列開閉器などにより構成される。   The power conditioner 2 converts direct current power input from a fuel cell (not shown) into alternating current and outputs the alternating current. For example, an inverter circuit configuration power converter connected to the fuel cell via a connection box, and It is constituted by a disconnection switch provided on the output side.

各パワーコンディショナ内の解列開閉器は、解列開閉器と後述の連係ブレーカ３３との間の線間電圧の変動や周波数の変動に異常があれば、解列される。また、電力変換器と解列開閉器との間に、共用分岐ブレーカが設けられることもある。   The disconnect switch in each inverter is disconnected if there is an abnormality in line voltage variation or frequency variation between the disconnect switch and the linkage breaker 33 described later. In addition, a shared branch breaker may be provided between the power converter and the disconnect switch.

分電盤３は、パワーコンディショナ１，２からの出力と商用電力系統ＡＣからの商用電源入力とを系統連系して分岐出力するものであり、ボディ及びカバーによりなるハウジング３０を備えているとともに、電流制限器（リミッタ）ないし主幹ブレーカ（漏電ブレーカ）を含み商用電力系統ＡＣと接続される主幹ブロック３１と、この主幹ブロック３１を介して商用電力系統ＡＣと接続される複数の分岐ブレーカ３２，…，３２及び複数の連係ブレーカ３３，３３とをハウジング３０内に備えている。複数の連係ブレーカ３３，３３には、パワーコンディショナ１，２の出力が接続される。   The distribution board 3 branches and outputs the outputs from the power conditioners 1 and 2 and the commercial power input from the commercial power system AC, and includes a housing 30 formed of a body and a cover. In addition, a main block 31 connected to the commercial power system AC including a current limiter (limiter) or a main circuit breaker (earth leakage breaker), and a plurality of branch breakers 32 connected to the commercial power system AC via the main block 31. ,..., 32 and a plurality of linkage breakers 33, 33 are provided in the housing 30. The outputs of the power conditioners 1 and 2 are connected to the plurality of linkage breakers 33 and 33.

制御装置４は、商用電力系統ＡＣに対して買電状態にあるか売電状態にあるかの判別をする判別部４１と、パワーコンディショナ１，２の出力電力Ｐ１，Ｐ２の測定を個別に行う測定部４２と、分電盤３から分岐出力される電力消費量ＰL の測定をする測定部４３とを備え、それら判別および各測定結果を基に、パワーコンディショナ１，２の各電力変換器を制御することにより、パワーコンディショナ１，２の出力電力Ｐ１，Ｐ２を調整するものである。 The control device 4 individually determines whether the commercial power system AC is in a power purchase state or a power sale state, and measures the output powers P1 and P2 of the power conditioners 1 and 2 individually. a measuring unit 42 which performs, and a measuring unit 43 for measuring the power consumption P L which is branched output from the distribution board 3, based on the result thereof determination and each measurement, the power of the power conditioner 2 By controlling the converter, the output powers P1 and P2 of the power conditioners 1 and 2 are adjusted.

例えば、制御装置４は、パワーコンディショナ１をフル稼働している状態で、判別部４１による判別結果が売電状態にあるときであって、売電力がパワーコンディショナ１の出力電力Ｐ１よりも大きい場合に、パワーコンディショナ２の出力電力Ｐ２を下げてその発電量を少なくするように、パワーコンディショナ１，２を制御する。より具体的には、上記判別結果が売電状態にあるときであって、売電力がパワーコンディショナ１の出力電力Ｐ１よりも大きい場合に、パワーコンディショナ２の発電量を、測定部４３で測定された電力消費量ＰL と同一にすることにより、売電力とパワーコンディショナ１の出力電力Ｐ１とが等しくなるように、パワーコンディショナ１，２を制御するように構成される。 For example, the control device 4 is in a state where the power conditioner 1 is fully operated and the determination result by the determination unit 41 is in the power sale state, and the power sale is higher than the output power P1 of the power conditioner 1. When the power conditioner is large, the power conditioners 1 and 2 are controlled so that the output power P2 of the power conditioner 2 is lowered to reduce the power generation amount. More specifically, when the determination result is in the power sale state and the power sale is larger than the output power P1 of the power conditioner 1, the power generation amount of the power conditioner 2 is determined by the measurement unit 43. By making the power consumption P L the same as the measured power consumption P L , the power conditioners 1 and 2 are controlled so that the sold power and the output power P1 of the power conditioner 1 become equal.

また、制御装置４は、パワーコンディショナ１をフル稼働している状態で、判別結果が買電状態にあるときには、パワーコンディショナ２の出力電力Ｐ２を上げてその発電量を多くすることにより買電量を低減するように、パワーコンディショナ１，２を制御する。   Further, when the power conditioner 1 is in full operation and the determination result is in the power purchase state, the control device 4 increases the output power P2 of the power conditioner 2 to increase the power generation amount. The power conditioners 1 and 2 are controlled so as to reduce the amount of electricity.

なお、商用電力系統ＡＣとの接続部位に設けられる買電の電力量を検出する電力量計および売電の電力量を検出する電力量計に、いわゆるマイコンメータを使用すれば、それら双方の電力量計から買電量および売電量をデータとして上記判別部４１に取り込むことができるので、それらのデータを基に上記判別をすることができる。あるいは、特許文献１と同様に、主幹ブロック３１の主幹ブレーカと各分岐ブレーカ３２との間の幹線を流れる電流の瞬時値を検出する２個の変流器と、幹線の線間電圧の瞬時値を検出するとともに上記変流器により検出した電流の瞬時値との積の平均値を求める売買電力演算手段（信号変換回路）とを設け、売買電力演算手段により求められた平均値を基に上記判別をするようにしてもよい。   If a so-called microcomputer meter is used for the watt-hour meter for detecting the amount of electric power purchased and the watt-hour meter for detecting the amount of power sold, provided at the connection site with the commercial power system AC, the electric power of both of them. Since the amount of electricity purchased and the amount of electricity sold can be taken as data from the quantity meter into the discrimination unit 41, the discrimination can be made based on those data. Or similarly to patent document 1, two current transformers which detect the instantaneous value of the current which flows through the main line between the main circuit breaker of the main block 31 and each branch breaker 32, and the instantaneous value of the line voltage of the main line And buying and selling power calculating means (signal conversion circuit) for obtaining an average value of a product with the instantaneous value of the current detected by the current transformer, and based on the average value obtained by the buying and selling power calculating means You may make it discriminate | determine.

次に上記系統連係システムの動作について説明する。ただし、図１，図２のＰX は売買電量（正なら売電量、負なら買電量）とする。 Next, the operation of the system linkage system will be described. However, FIG. 1, P X in FIG. 2 is a trading coulometric (if positive power sale amount, if negative purchase coulometric).

まず、パワーコンディショナ１，２の出力電力Ｐ１，Ｐ２、判別のための売買電量ＰX および電力消費量ＰL が検出され（Ｓ１）、出力電力Ｐ１が最大になるように、パワーコンディショナ１がフル稼働される（Ｓ２）。 First, the output power P1 and P2 of the power conditioners 1 and 2, the trading power amount P X for discrimination and the power consumption amount P L are detected (S1), and the power conditioner 1 is set so that the output power P1 is maximized. Is fully operated (S2).

このようにパワーコンディショナ１をフル稼働している状態で、判別結果が売電状態にあるとき（Ｓ３でＹＥＳ）、売電力がパワーコンディショナ１の出力電力Ｐ１よりも大きい場合に、パワーコンディショナ２の発電量を電力消費量ＰL と同一にすることにより、売電力（ＰX ）とパワーコンディショナ１の出力電力Ｐ１とが等しくなるように、パワーコンディショナ２が制御される（Ｓ４）。このとき、出力電力Ｐ１は外部環境に応じた最大発電となり、出力電力Ｐ２は分電盤３から各分岐ブレーカ３２を介して分岐出力される消費電力（ＰL ）と等しくなる。 As described above, when the power conditioner 1 is in full operation and the determination result is the power sale state (YES in S3), when the power sale is larger than the output power P1 of the power conditioner 1, the power conditioner 1 By making the power generation amount of the power generator 2 the same as the power consumption amount P L , the power conditioner 2 is controlled so that the sold power (P X ) is equal to the output power P1 of the power conditioner 1 (S4). ). At this time, the output power P1 is the maximum power generation according to the external environment, and the output power P2 is equal to the power consumption (P L ) branched and output from the distribution board 3 via each branch breaker 32.

一方、判別結果が買電状態にあるとき（Ｓ３でＮＯ）、パワーコンディショナ２の出力電力Ｐ２を上げてその発電量を最大にすることにより買電量を低減するように、パワーコンディショナ２が制御される。このとき（ＰX ＜０の買電時）、出力電力Ｐ１は外部環境に応じた最大発電となり、出力電力Ｐ２は最大発電となる。 On the other hand, when the determination result is in a power purchase state (NO in S3), the power conditioner 2 reduces the power purchase amount by increasing the output power P2 of the power conditioner 2 and maximizing its power generation amount. Be controlled. At this time (when purchasing power with P X <0), the output power P1 is maximum power generation according to the external environment, and the output power P2 is maximum power generation.

本実施形態によれば、パワーコンディショナ１をフル稼働している状態で、判別部４１による判別結果が売電状態にあるときであって、売電力がパワーコンディショナ１の出力電力Ｐ１よりも大きい場合に、パワーコンディショナ２の出力電力Ｐ２を下げてその発電量を少なくするように、パワーコンディショナ１，２を制御するので、太陽電池と併用する燃料電池により発電した電力を極力売電しないようにし、トータルで損のでないようにすることができる。   According to the present embodiment, when the power conditioner 1 is in full operation and the determination result by the determination unit 41 is in the power selling state, the sold power is higher than the output power P1 of the power conditioner 1. Since the power conditioners 1 and 2 are controlled so that the output power P2 of the power conditioner 2 is lowered and the power generation amount is reduced when the power is large, the power generated by the fuel cell used in combination with the solar cell is sold as much as possible. It is possible to prevent it from being lost in total.

特に、上記判別結果が売電状態にあるときであって、売電力がパワーコンディショナ１の出力電力Ｐ１よりも大きい場合に、パワーコンディショナ２の発電量を、測定部４３で測定された電力消費量ＰL と同一にすることにより、売電力とパワーコンディショナ１の出力電力Ｐ１とを等しくなるようにできるため、パワーコンディショナ１の発電量を全て売電にまわすことができ、コスト的に有利となる。 In particular, when the determination result is in the power sale state and the power sale is larger than the output power P1 of the power conditioner 1, the power generated by the power conditioner 2 is measured by the measuring unit 43. By making the consumption amount P L the same, the power sales and the output power P1 of the power conditioner 1 can be made equal, so that all the power generation amount of the power conditioner 1 can be used for power sales, which is costly. Is advantageous.

本発明による一実施形態の系統連係システムの構成図である。It is a block diagram of the system | strain connection system of one Embodiment by this invention. 同系統連係システムの動作フロー図である。It is an operation | movement flowchart of the same system linkage system.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１，２ パワーコンディショナ
３ 分電盤
４ 制御装置 1, 2 Power conditioner 3 Distribution board 4 Controller

Claims (2)

太陽電池から入力される直流電力を交流に変換して出力するパワーコンディショナと、燃料電池から入力される直流電力を交流に変換して出力するパワーコンディショナと、これら双方のパワーコンディショナからの出力と商用電力系統からの商用電源入力とを系統連系して分岐出力する分電盤と、商用電力系統に対して買電状態にあるか売電状態にあるかの判別をするとともに、上記双方のパワーコンディショナの出力測定を個別に行い、判別結果が売電状態にあるときであって、売電力が太陽電池のパワーコンディショナの出力よりも大きい場合に、燃料電池のパワーコンディショナの発電量を少なくする制御装置とを備えることを特徴とする系統連係システム。   Power conditioners that convert DC power input from solar cells into alternating current and output, power conditioners that convert DC power input from fuel cells into alternating current, and output from both A distribution board that branches and outputs the output and commercial power input from the commercial power system, and whether the commercial power system is in a power purchase state or a power sale state, and the above When the output of both power conditioners is measured individually and the discrimination result is in the power sale state and the power sale is greater than the output of the solar cell power conditioner, the power conditioner of the fuel cell A system linkage system comprising: a control device that reduces a power generation amount. 前記制御装置は、前記分電盤から分岐出力される消費量の測定をする手段を有し、前記判別結果が売電状態にあるときであって、売電力が太陽電池のパワーコンディショナの出力よりも大きい場合に、燃料電池のパワーコンディショナの発電量を前記手段で測定された消費量と同一にすることを特徴とする請求項１記載の系統連係システム。   The control device has means for measuring a consumption amount branched and output from the distribution board, and when the determination result is in a power sale state, the power sale is an output of a power conditioner of a solar cell. 2. The system linkage system according to claim 1, wherein the power generation amount of the power conditioner of the fuel cell is made equal to the consumption amount measured by the means when the power consumption is larger than 1.
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2011055656A (en) * 2009-09-02 2011-03-17 Tokyo Gas Co Ltd Fuel cell device, photovoltaic power generator, and distributed power supply system
JP2012138988A (en) * 2010-12-24 2012-07-19 Noritz Corp Power generation system
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JPWO2013047169A1 (en) * 2011-09-28 2015-03-26 京セラ株式会社 Power generation system, control device, and power control method
US9846418B2 (en) 2011-09-28 2017-12-19 Kyocera Corporation Energy control system, energy control device, and energy control method for prioritizing a power generation source based on the possibility of selling generated power
JP2014017161A (en) * 2012-07-10 2014-01-30 Kyocera Corp Power system, device and method
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