JP2005098623A - Power source device for refrigerated vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a power source device for a refrigerated vehicle capable of sharing a circuit for driving a refrigeration system regardless of on-vehicle batteries of 12V and 24V, having high general versatility, and miniaturizing the shape of the device. <P>SOLUTION: This power source device comprises an auxiliary battery 40 being charged by the output of an auxiliary power generator 8, low voltage power source lines P1, P2 connected with the on-vehicle battery 9 in accompany with the start of an engine 6, a DC/DC converter 56 for converting the voltages of the low voltage power source lines P1, P2 into a constant level regardless of levels of the voltages, and MCU 60 operated by the output of the DC/DC converter 56 and controlling the operation of the refrigeration system. The output of the auxiliary power generator 8 and the voltage of the auxiliary battery 40 are guided to high-voltage power source lines P3, P4 for driving a condenser unit 11, and the voltages of the high-voltage power source lines P3, P4 are lowered by the DC/DC converter 74 and guided to the low-voltage power source lines P1, P2 for driving an evaporator unit 12. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a power supply device for a refrigerator car of a refrigerator car provided with a refrigerator.

  Conventionally, in a refrigeration vehicle in which an electric compressor is directly driven by an engine, a fan for a heat exchanger (condenser, evaporator) is originally powered by an on-vehicle generator mounted on the vehicle. In such a refrigerator car, when the engine is temporarily stopped at the time of delivery, the electric compressor stops and the electric fan also stops. For this reason, there is a problem that the temperature in the refrigeration container rises when the vehicle stops for a short time, which adversely affects the internal refrigeration / refrigeration product.

  Moreover, in the refrigerator car which does not have the auxiliary generator for refrigerators, both the evaporator fan and the condenser fan use an in-vehicle battery (in-vehicle battery generator) as an operation power source.

  On the other hand, during driving, the electric compressor is driven by the power generated by the auxiliary generator connected to the engine and a belt to cool the inside of the refrigeration container, and surplus power from the auxiliary generator is charged to the auxiliary battery. In some cases, the electric compressor and the heat exchanger fan are driven using the power of the auxiliary battery when the engine is stopped (idling stop) to suppress the temperature rise in the refrigeration container (for example, Patent Document 1).

  According to such a refrigerator, although depending on the capacity of the auxiliary battery, a temporary backup operation is possible for a short time engine stop. That is, as a power source for the electric compressor and the fan, an auxiliary generator is used during engine operation, and an auxiliary battery is used when the engine is stopped.

Some heat exchanger fans are powered by an in-vehicle generator that is originally installed during engine operation.
JP 2001-324254 A

  Since the power supply for both the evaporator fan and the condenser fan is the same as that of the electric compressor, the power supply voltage for the electric compressor with respect to the evaporator fan provided in the refrigeration container is the one described in the above known example. That is, a wiring of about 200 to 300 V direct current is routed. This voltage is at a considerably high level, and it is not preferable from the viewpoint of safety that such a high-voltage wiring is provided in a refrigerated container with condensation or icing.

  A conventional general refrigeration vehicle uses a diesel engine, and a 24V on-board battery is used (hereinafter referred to as a 24V vehicle). However, in recent years, small refrigeration vehicles using an LPG engine or the like are gradually increasing. Such a small refrigeration vehicle uses a 12V on-vehicle battery (hereinafter referred to as a 12V vehicle).

  It is beginning to be requested to provide an auxiliary battery for a refrigerator even for such a 12V vehicle. However, when manufacturing a refrigerated vehicle using an auxiliary battery in a 12V vehicle, the conventional power circuit for a 24V vehicle has a different rating of circuit components such as a control circuit and a relay, and can hardly be used. In addition, since the voltage of the 12V car is lower than that of the 24V car, the current of the power supply circuit is doubled to obtain the same electric power, and a large current flows through the wiring, and measures for that are extremely difficult. In addition, since the market for refrigerated vehicles is not so large, it is necessary to make the power circuit for 12V vehicles and 24V vehicles as common as possible to reduce manufacturability and cost, but it is extremely difficult to make them common. .

  In particular, the fan power supply is the same as that of the electric compressor as in the known example, so that there is no difference between the 12V car and the 24V car, and the power supply circuit can be shared, but the evaporator fan provided in the refrigeration container Has the problem of high-voltage wiring as described above. Therefore, when an in-vehicle battery is used as a power source for the fan, it is possible to cope with a 24V vehicle, but a very large current flows in a 12V vehicle, which is not realistic. For this reason, a 12V vehicle may be provided with a booster circuit that boosts 12V to 24V, but the booster circuit requires a large high-frequency transformer and is expensive. On the other hand, in a 24V vehicle, such a booster circuit is not necessary, so that it is difficult to share a power supply circuit.

  As a countermeasure, an auxiliary battery that outputs a high voltage of about 200 V or more is prepared for the refrigerator, and an auxiliary generator is provided to charge the auxiliary battery, and the output voltage of the auxiliary battery is lowered to about 24 V. It is also conceivable to drive both the evaporator fan and the condenser fan with a 24V voltage. In this case, a fan with a rated voltage of 24V is used for both the 12V car and the 24V car. The auxiliary battery here is composed of a storage battery capable of outputting a high-voltage direct current to drive the electric compressor. A DC / DC converter that steps down the high voltage output of the auxiliary battery to a direct current of 24V is provided, and the DC / DC converter can be operated both during operation of the auxiliary generator during engine operation and during use of the auxiliary battery while the engine is stopped. In this method, the fan is driven by the output. In this system, it is possible to share the fan power supply for both the 12V car and the 24V car. Moreover, the step-down DC / DC converter is inexpensive and small, unlike the step-up DC / DC converter.

  However, in this method, the output of the auxiliary battery is used as the power source for the evaporator fan and the condenser fan even during engine operation, and the amount of charge from the auxiliary generator during engine operation to the auxiliary battery is reduced accordingly. There is a problem of doing. When the amount of charge is reduced, the operation time when idling stops is shortened, and the merit of using the auxiliary battery is impaired.

  In addition, as a power source for the control unit that controls the refrigeration cycle equipment of the refrigeration vehicle, it is necessary to minimize the consumption of the on-vehicle battery. Further, when a plurality of power sources having different power sources for the compressor, the heat exchanger fan, and the control unit are used, the number of wirings is increased, and the mounting to the refrigerator is troublesome and leads to an increase in cost. Furthermore, it is desirable to configure the refrigeration cycle equipment to operate with a commercial power source while the refrigeration vehicle is waiting at the base. At this time, it is necessary to avoid consuming the in-vehicle battery as much as possible.

  The present invention takes the above circumstances into consideration and optimizes the power supply for various electrical components of a refrigerator equipped with a vehicle-mounted battery. Further, the present invention provides a highly versatile power supply device for a refrigerating vehicle that can be shared with a simple circuit configuration regardless of whether the in-vehicle battery is 12V or 24V. Furthermore, it aims at providing the power supply apparatus for freezer cars which can suppress the power consumption of a vehicle-mounted battery and an auxiliary battery.

  A power supply device for a refrigerator according to a first aspect of the present invention includes an engine, an in-vehicle generator driven by the power of the engine, an in-vehicle battery charged by the output of the in-vehicle generator, and an electric / electric compressor, evaporation A refrigeration vehicle having a refrigeration cycle for cooling a refrigeration container comprising a condenser, a condenser, an evaporator fan, and a condenser fan, an auxiliary generator driven by the engine power and outputting a high voltage, and the auxiliary power generation The auxiliary battery charged by the output of the machine, the high voltage power supply line to which the output of the auxiliary generator or the auxiliary battery is supplied, and the voltage of this high voltage power supply line are input, and the vehicle battery of 24V higher than 24V Voltage conversion means for stepping down and outputting a voltage lower than the rectified voltage of the output of the on-vehicle generator when mounted, and this voltage conversion means during engine operation A low-voltage power supply line to which the output of the vehicle-mounted battery and the vehicle-mounted generator is supplied, the evaporator fan is driven by the voltage of the low-voltage power supply line, and the electric electric compressor and the voltage by the voltage of the high-voltage power supply line Drives the condenser fan.

  A power supply device for a refrigerator according to a second aspect of the present invention includes an engine, an in-vehicle generator driven by the power of the engine, an in-vehicle battery charged by the output of the in-vehicle generator, and a refrigeration for cooling a refrigeration container In an refrigeration vehicle equipped with a motor, an auxiliary generator that is driven by the engine power and outputs a high level voltage, a first rectifier circuit that rectifies the output of the auxiliary generator, and an input voltage from a commercial AC power source A second rectifier circuit for rectification, an auxiliary battery charged by the output of the first rectifier circuit or the second rectifier circuit, a low voltage power line, and a low voltage power line to which the evaporator fan of the refrigerator is connected A high voltage power supply line through which the output of each of the rectifier circuits and the output of the auxiliary battery are guided, and a voltage change to be supplied to the low voltage power supply line by stepping down the voltage of the high voltage power supply line. And means, the voltage of the low voltage power supply line to drive the evaporator fan of the refrigerator, to drive the electric compressor and the condenser fan of the refrigerator by the voltage of the high voltage power line.

  A power supply device for a refrigerator according to a fourth aspect of the present invention includes an engine, an in-vehicle generator driven by the power of the engine, an in-vehicle battery charged by the output of the in-vehicle generator, and an electric / electric compressor, evaporation In a refrigeration vehicle having a refrigeration cycle for cooling a refrigeration container comprising a condenser, a condenser, an evaporator fan, and a condenser fan, an auxiliary generator driven by the power of the engine, and an output of the auxiliary generator An auxiliary battery to be charged; a low-voltage power line to which the output of the on-vehicle generator is supplied during operation of the engine; a high-voltage power line to which the output voltage of the auxiliary generator and the voltage of the auxiliary battery are guided; The voltage of this high voltage power supply line is stepped down to a voltage higher than 24V and lower than the rectified voltage of the output of the in-vehicle generator when a 24V in-vehicle battery is installed. Voltage conversion means for supplying to the low voltage power supply line, constant voltage conversion means for stepping down the voltage of the low voltage power supply line to a constant level regardless of the voltage level, and operation of the output of the constant voltage conversion means to operate the refrigeration A control unit that controls the operation of the cycle device; a key switch that is turned on when the engine is started; and a normally open contact that is inserted between the in-vehicle battery and the low-voltage power supply line. A relay that operates in response to energization from the in-vehicle battery, a voltage dividing resistor inserted into an energization path to the relay, and the in-vehicle in parallel with the resistor when the in-vehicle battery is DC 12V And a short circuit that is removed when the battery is DC 24V.

  A power supply device for a refrigerator according to an eighth aspect of the present invention includes an engine, an in-vehicle generator driven by the power of the engine, an in-vehicle battery charged by the output of the in-vehicle generator, an electric electric compressor, and evaporation A refrigeration vehicle having a refrigeration cycle for cooling a refrigeration container comprising a condenser, a condenser, an evaporator fan, and a condenser fan, an auxiliary generator driven by the engine power and outputting a high voltage, and the auxiliary power generation A first rectifier circuit for rectifying the output of the machine, a second rectifier circuit for rectifying the commercial AC power supply, an auxiliary battery charged by the output of the first or second rectifier circuit, and the first and second rectifier circuits. Alternatively, the output of the auxiliary battery is supplied, and a high voltage power supply line that supplies driving electric power to the electric compressor, and a voltage that is output by stepping down the voltage of the high voltage power supply line to a low voltage Conversion means, a low voltage power supply line to which the output of the voltage conversion means is supplied, a relay contact provided between the connection of the high voltage power supply line and the auxiliary battery, and the voltage of the low voltage power supply line as a power source A control unit that operates and controls each refrigeration cycle device; and a detection unit that detects connection and disconnection of the commercial AC power source, and the control unit detects the connection of the commercial AC power source by the detection unit. After turning on the contact and detecting the disconnection of the commercial AC power supply, the relay contact is turned off.

  In the power supply apparatus for a refrigerator car according to the present invention, the power supply of various electric parts of the refrigerator car can be optimized. That is, regardless of whether the in-vehicle battery is 12V or 24V, it can be shared with a simple circuit configuration, and a highly versatile power supply for a refrigerator can be provided. Further, the present invention provides a power supply device for a refrigerator car that can suppress power consumption of an in-vehicle battery and an auxiliary battery.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
The configuration of the vehicle viewed from above is shown in FIG. 1, and the configuration of the vehicle viewed from the side is shown in FIG.
Reference numeral 1 denotes a refrigeration vehicle, which has a loading platform 3 behind the cab 2. A refrigerated container 4 is loaded on the loading platform 3. The refrigerated container 4 is closed by doors 4c and 4c whose internal freezing / refrigeration chambers can be freely opened and closed, and includes a cooling evaporator unit 12 on the front wall surface. On the roof of the cab 2, a condenser unit 11 is installed so as to be attached to the upper outer surface of the refrigeration container 4. The condenser unit 11 and the evaporator unit 12 are connected by a refrigerant pipe 13 of the refrigeration cycle. ing.

  The condenser unit 11 houses an electric compressor 21, a condenser 22, a condenser fan 23, and an inverter 20. The evaporator unit 12 accommodates an evaporator 24 and an evaporator fan 25. As the refrigerant discharged from the electric compressor 21 circulates through the condenser 22 and the evaporator 24, the internal space of the refrigeration container 4 is cooled. The inverter 20 outputs AC power for driving the electric compressor 21 and AC power for driving the condenser fan 23.

  The engine room 5 below the cab 2 houses an engine 6 that is a drive source of the refrigerator 1, and an on-vehicle generator 7 and an auxiliary generator 8 that generate power by receiving the power of the engine 6. Has been. Further, an in-vehicle battery 9 serving as a power source for the entire electric system of the refrigerator 1 is accommodated.

  In the lower part of the refrigerator 1, for example, the loading platform 3, a power circuit box 30 which is a main part of the invention is installed in a suspended state. An auxiliary battery 40 for the refrigerator is installed in a suspended state at the bottom of the refrigerator 1, for example, at the rear of the loading platform 3.

  The condenser unit 11 has an intake port on the front surface of the refrigerator 1, a condenser 22 is provided at a position corresponding to the intake port, and a condenser fan 23 is provided behind the condenser 22. . The outside air flows into the intake port on the front surface through the running of the refrigerator 1 and the operation of the condenser fan 23, passes through the condenser 22 and the condenser fan 23, and then exits from the exhaust port on the side surface of the condenser unit 11. leak.

FIG. 3 shows the configuration of an electric circuit including the on-vehicle generator 7, the auxiliary generator 8, the on-vehicle battery 9, the power circuit box 30, and the auxiliary battery 40.
The in-vehicle generator 7 adopts a specification of about 20V AC (about 28V DC after rectification, hereinafter referred to as 28V) when the in-vehicle battery 9 is 24V, and about 10V AC (after rectification) when the on-vehicle battery 9 is 12V. DC about 14V, hereinafter referred to as 14V) specification is adopted. The output voltage of the in-vehicle generator 7 is rectified by the rectifier circuit 51 and applied to the in-vehicle battery 9. As described above, the in-vehicle battery 9 may be a 24V battery or a 12V battery.

  A relay 54 is connected to the in-vehicle battery 9 through a key switch 52 and a voltage dividing resistor 53. The key switch 52 is interlocked with an ignition key switch (not shown) for starting and stopping the engine 6 and is turned on during operation from immediately before the engine 6 is started. The resistor 53 drops the voltage applied to the relay 54 to about 12 V that is the rated operating voltage of the relay 54 when the voltage of the in-vehicle battery 9 is 24V. A short circuit 53a such as a jumper wire can be connected to both ends of the resistor 53. When the in-vehicle battery 9 is 24V, the short circuit 53a is removed, but when the in-vehicle battery 9 is 12V, the short circuit 53a is The resistor 53 is connected in parallel.

  Low voltage power supply lines (first power supply lines) P <b> 1 and P <b> 2 are connected to the in-vehicle battery 9 via a backflow prevention diode 55 and a normally open contact (hereinafter referred to as a relay contact) 54 a of the relay 54. That is, when the relay 54 is turned on when the engine 6 is started (the relay contact 54a is turned on), the vehicle battery 9 and the output of the rectifier circuit 51 of the vehicle generator 7 are connected in parallel to the low voltage power supply lines P1 and P2. A power supply terminal of a DC / DC converter (low voltage conversion means) 56 is connected to the low voltage power supply lines P1 and P2, and the evaporator fan motor 25M of the evaporator unit 12 and the refrigeration cycle high / low pressure balance two are connected. A direction valve 26 is connected. The backflow prevention diode 55 prevents a backflow of current from the low voltage power supply lines P1 and P2 to the in-vehicle battery 9, and an output voltage 24.5V of a DC / DC converter 74 described later is applied to the in-vehicle battery 9. This prevents malfunctions that are consumed (charged). Note that a normally open contact 62a of a relay 62, which will be described later, is connected in parallel to the relay contact 54a.

  The DC / DC converter 56 operates when a voltage in the range of about 10 V to 30 V DC is input to the power supply terminal, and converts the input voltage into a DC voltage of a certain level, for example, about 5 V regardless of the voltage level. And output. This output voltage is supplied as an operation voltage to the MCU 60 which is a control unit. The MCU 60 operates by the output of the DC / DC converter 56 and controls the operation of the refrigerator, that is, the devices in the condenser unit 11 and the evaporator unit 12. Circuit control relays 61, 62, and 63 are connected to the MCU 60.

  On the other hand, the auxiliary generator 8 outputs a high voltage of about 280V of three-phase AC. The output voltage of the auxiliary generator 8 is rectified by a rectifier circuit (first rectifier circuit) 71, and high voltage power supply lines (second power supply lines) P 3 and P 4 are connected to the output terminal of the rectifier circuit 71. A normally open contact (hereinafter referred to as a relay contact) 63a of a magnet switch 63 is interposed between the auxiliary generator 8 and the rectifier circuit 71.

  The auxiliary battery 40 is connected to the high voltage power supply lines P3 and P4 via a charging circuit 72 and a normally open contact (hereinafter referred to as a relay contact) 61a of the relay 61. The auxiliary battery 40 is a series of 19 12-V lead storage batteries connected in series, and outputs a total of about 228 V DC voltage. The charging circuit 72 adjusts the voltage of the high voltage power supply lines P3 and P4 to a voltage / current suitable for charging the auxiliary battery 40. In parallel with the charging circuit 7, a discharging diode 73 for forming a discharging path for the auxiliary battery 40 is connected.

  The high voltage of the high voltage power supply lines P3 and P4 is supplied to the inverter 20 of the condenser unit 11, and is stepped down (transformed) to a certain level, for example, about 24.5V DC by a DC / DC converter (voltage converting means) 74. Is done. The DC / DC converter 74 operates when a voltage in the range of about 220 V to 300 V DC is input, and converts the input voltage into a DC voltage of 24.5 V that is a constant level regardless of the voltage level. Output. The output voltage of the DC / DC converter 74 is supplied to the low voltage power supply lines P1 and P2 via the diode 75. The diode 75 prevents the voltage from the in-vehicle generator 7 from being applied to the DC / DC converter 74.

  A commercial AC power supply 80 that outputs an AC voltage of about 200 V of three phases is installed in the garage of the refrigerator 1 or the like. An outlet 81 that can be connected to the commercial AC power supply 80 is prepared, and an input voltage to the outlet 81 is rectified by a rectifier circuit (second rectifier circuit) 82 and supplied to the high voltage power supply lines P3 and P4.

  Note that a current sensor 76 is provided in a connection line between the auxiliary generator 8 and the rectifier circuit 71, and an output of the current sensor 76 is supplied to the MCU 60. An AC detection circuit 83 is connected to a connection line between the outlet 81 and the rectifier circuit 82, and an output of the AC detection circuit 83 is supplied to the MCU 60. Further, an operation unit 90 for setting the operation mode of the refrigerator and the temperature inside the refrigeration container is connected to the MCU 60.

Next, the operation of the above configuration will be described with reference to the flowcharts of FIGS.
(1) First, the case where the vehicle-mounted battery 9 is 24V will be described as an example.

  When the ignition key switch is turned on and the key switch 52 is turned on (YES in step 101), the voltage 24V of the in-vehicle battery 9 is divided into 12V by the resistor 53 and applied to the relay 54. As a result, the relay 54 is energized and the relay contact 54a is turned on (step 102), and the voltage 24V of the in-vehicle battery 9 is supplied to the low voltage power supply lines P1 and P2 to operate the DC / DC converter 56 (step 103). ). Then, the MCU 60 is operated by the output voltage of the DC / DC converter 56 (step 104).

  When the MCU 60 operates, the relays 61 and 62 are energized (step 105). When the relay 62 is energized, the relay contact 62a is turned on, and even if the key switch 52 is turned off (the relay 54 is deactivated), the voltage supply from the in-vehicle battery 9 to the low voltage power supply lines P1 and P2 is continued. The That is, the relay 62 functions as a keep relay under the control of the MCU 60.

  When the relay 61 is energized, the relay contact 61a is turned on and the auxiliary battery 40 is discharged, and the DC / DC converter 74 is operated by the discharge voltage (step 106). Then, by the operation of the DC / DC converter 74, the discharge voltage of the auxiliary battery 40 is converted to about 24.5V DC and supplied to the low voltage power supply lines P1 and P2. Instead of the voltage 24V from the on-vehicle battery 9 so far, the voltage 24.5V from the DC / DC converter 74 based on the discharge of the auxiliary battery 40 is converted to about 5V by the DC / DC converter 56, and the operation of the MCU 60 continues. To do.

  The engine 6 is started by turning on the ignition key switch (step 107). The on-vehicle generator 7 and the auxiliary generator 8 are driven by the operation of the engine 6 (steps 108 and 109).

  When the on-vehicle generator 7 is operated, a DC voltage of about 28 V is supplied from the rectifier circuit 51 to the low voltage power supply lines P1 and P2. This voltage 28 V is higher than the voltage 24.5 V supplied from the DC / DC converter 74. Therefore, instead of the voltage 24.5V from the DC / DC converter 74 based on the discharge of the auxiliary battery 40 so far, the voltage of about 28V from the in-vehicle generator 7 is converted to about 5V by the DC / DC converter 56, and the MCU 60 The operation continues.

  When the auxiliary generator 8 operates, the output of the auxiliary generator 8 is detected by the current sensor 76, and it is determined whether or not the auxiliary generator 8 is operating normally. If it is operating normally, the relay 63 is energized. By this energization, the relay contact 63a is turned on, and the auxiliary battery 40 is charged by the DC voltage of about 280V output from the rectifier circuit 71, and the voltage 280V is supplied to the high voltage power supply lines P3 and P4.

  Thus, the condenser unit 11 is operated by the voltage of about 280V on the high voltage power supply lines P3 and P4, while the evaporator unit 12 is operated by the voltage of about 28V on the low voltage power supply lines P1 and P2, thereby operating the refrigerator. (Step 111). Thereby, the inside of the freezing container 4 is cooled.

  Thereafter, when the ignition key switch is turned off and the key switch 52 is turned off (YES in step 112), the relay 54 is de-energized (step 113). The engine 6 is also stopped (step 114). When the engine 6 is stopped, the on-vehicle generator 7 and the auxiliary generator 8 are stopped (steps 115 and 116).

  When the on-vehicle generator 7 and the auxiliary generator 8 are stopped, the voltage supplied to the low-voltage power supply lines P1 and P2 is obtained by using the auxiliary battery 40 as a power supply instead of the voltage of about 28V from the on-vehicle generator 7 so far. The voltage from the DC / DC converter 74 is 24.5V, and the operation of the evaporator unit 12 is continued by the voltage 24.5V.

  When the auxiliary generator 8 stops, the output stop from the auxiliary generator 8 is detected by the current sensor 76, and the relay 63 is de-energized (step 117). At this time, the voltage supplied to the high voltage power supply lines P3 and P4 is about 228V of the discharge voltage of the auxiliary battery 40 instead of the voltage of about 280V from the auxiliary generator 8 so far. 11 (refrigerating machine operation) is continued (step 118). This is a so-called idling stop operation.

  When the operation unit 90 instructs to stop the operation of the refrigerator (YES in Step 119), the operation of the condenser unit 11 and the evaporator unit 12 is stopped by the control of the MCU 60, and the relay 61 is de-energized (Step S119). 120). By this deactivation, the relay contact 61a is turned off, the charging / discharging energization path is interrupted, and the discharge of the auxiliary battery 40 is completed. When this discharge is completed, the voltage supplied to the low voltage power supply lines P1 and P2 is about 24V from the in-vehicle battery 9 instead of the voltage 24.5V from the DC / DC converter 74 so far.

  When the operation of the refrigerator is stopped, the MCU 60 continues the operation by the output of the DC / DC converter 56 based on the voltage of about 24 V of the in-vehicle battery 9, and the operation data up to that time is stored in an internal nonvolatile memory (EEPROM: not shown). ) Is stored (step 121), and the relay 62 is eventually de-energized (step 122). By this deactivation, the relay contact 62a is turned off, and the supply of the voltage of about 24V from the in-vehicle battery 9 to the low voltage power supply lines P1, P2 is cut off. As a result, the operation of the MCU 60 stops (step 123).

  Since the nonvolatile memory has a limited number of times of writing due to reliability, when the refrigerator is frequently stopped, the upper limit of the number of times of writing may be exceeded in a short period of time. In order to prevent this as much as possible, the MCU 10 continues to operate in preparation for restarting for about 10 minutes, and writing to the nonvolatile memory is performed after 10 minutes. Therefore, if the engine key switch 52 is turned on again within 10 minutes, the MCU 10 continues to operate without writing to the non-volatile memory. In general, in a delivery refrigerator car, frequent stoppage of the engine 6 is repeatedly delivered within a narrow section, so there are many cases where one stop time is within 10 minutes. Effective for extension.

  The time from the operation stop to the operation stop of the MCU 60 is as short as about 10 minutes, and the power consumption of the in-vehicle battery 9 can be small. Even when the first key switch 52 is turned on, the in-vehicle battery 9 is used as a power source for about 1 second at most until the DC / DC converter 56 and the MCU 60 operate and the auxiliary battery 40 is discharged. Power consumption is small. The in-vehicle battery 9 is a power source for covering the entire electric system of the refrigerator 1 in the first place, and the operation of the refrigerator 1 is not hindered by not using the electric power of the in-vehicle battery 9 for the operation of the refrigerator. In addition, for 10 minutes after the engine is stopped, the power of the in-vehicle battery 9 is consumed for the operation of the MCU 60. Immediately after the engine is stopped, the in-vehicle battery 9 is charged during the previous engine operation, and the MCU 60 The impact is very small due to the small commercial power consumption. It is also possible to turn on the relay 61 and supply the operating power of the MCU 60 for 10 minutes after the engine is stopped from the auxiliary battery 40 to completely eliminate the power consumption of the in-vehicle battery 9. In order to operate the DC / DC converter 74, the output of the auxiliary battery 40 must be supplied to the high voltage power supply lines P3 and P4. However, when the auxiliary battery 40 is connected to the high voltage power supply lines P3 and P4, as shown in FIG. 1, the high voltage power supply line extending from the auxiliary battery 40 behind the loading platform 3 of the refrigerator 1 to the condenser unit 20 in the upper part of the driver's seat. A direct current of about 228 V, which is the output of the auxiliary battery 40, is energized over the entire wiring of P3 and P4. In spite of not operating the refrigerator, it is not preferable for safety that a high voltage is applied to such a long wiring. For this reason, it is appropriate to use the power of the in-vehicle battery 9 as the operation power source of the MCU 60 for 10 minutes after the engine is stopped.

(2) Next, the case where the in-vehicle battery 9 is 12V will be described as an example.
When the ignition key switch is turned on and the key switch 52 is turned on (YES in step 101), the voltage 12V of the vehicle-mounted battery 9 is applied to the relay 54 as it is through the short circuit 53a in parallel with the resistor 53. As a result, the relay 54 is energized and the relay contact 54a is turned on (step 102), and the voltage 12V of the in-vehicle battery 9 is supplied to the low voltage power supply lines P1 and P2 to operate the DC / DC converter 56 (step 103). ). Then, the MCU 60 is operated by the output voltage of the DC / DC converter 56 (step 104).

  When the MCU 60 operates, the relays 61 and 62 are energized (step 105). When the relay 62 is energized, the relay contact 62a is turned on, and even if the key switch 52 is turned off (the relay 54 is deactivated), the voltage supply from the in-vehicle battery 9 to the low voltage power supply lines P1 and P2 is continued. The

  When the relay 61 is energized, the relay contact 61a is turned on and the auxiliary battery 40 is discharged, and the DC / DC converter 74 is operated by the discharge voltage (step 106). Then, the DC / DC converter 74 converts the discharge voltage of the auxiliary battery 40 into a direct current of 24.5 V and supplies it to the low voltage power supply lines P1 and P2. The direct current 24.5V is converted to about 5V by the DC / DC converter 56, and the operation of the MCU 60 continues.

  Other operations are almost the same as the case where the in-vehicle battery 9 is 24V, and the description thereof is omitted.

  As described above, the power supply circuit for driving the refrigerator can be shared regardless of whether the in-vehicle battery 9 is 12V or 24V. Accordingly, it is possible to improve versatility and reduce the size of the apparatus while effectively using the auxiliary generator 8 and the auxiliary battery 40 for the refrigerator.

  By the way, as the evaporator fan motor 25M, a DC motor rated around 24V DC is used. The operating voltage of the evaporator fan motor 25M is supplied from the low voltage power supply lines P1 and P2 in the same manner as the operating voltage of the MCU 60. The evaporator fan 25 cools the inside of the refrigeration container with low-speed air, and is smaller and lower in output than the condenser fan 23. Therefore, a 24V rated DC motor is sufficient, and its power consumption is small. For this reason, in the case of a 24V vehicle, there is no problem even if the output power of the in-vehicle generator 7 is used during the operation of the engine 6, and all the surplus generated power of the auxiliary generator 8 can be used for charging the auxiliary battery 40. . On the other hand, in the case of a 12V vehicle, the output of the auxiliary generator 8 is supplied to the evaporator fan motor 25M via the DC / DC converter 74 during engine operation, and the amount of charge to the auxiliary battery 40 is slightly reduced. However, since a 12V vehicle is generally a small vehicle, there is little possibility that the capacity of the auxiliary battery 40 will be insufficient even if the amount of charge of the auxiliary battery 40 is slightly sacrificed.

  (3) On the other hand, the use of the commercial AC power source 80 when the refrigerator 1 is stopped in a garage or the like will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. Note that the commercial AC power supply 80 can be used while the refrigerator is stopped, the engine is operating, and the idling stop operation. In any of them, the use of the commercial AC power supply 80 is prioritized. Here, the use of the commercial AC power supply 80 while the refrigerator is stopped will be described.

  When the outlet 81 is connected to the commercial AC power supply 80 (YES in step 201), the AC voltage of about 200V from the commercial AC power supply 80 is rectified and supplied to the high voltage power supply lines P3 and P4. The DC / DC converter 74 is operated by the voltage of about 200 V on the high voltage power supply lines P3 and P4, and a DC voltage of 24.5 V is supplied to the low voltage power supply lines P1 and P2 (step 202). The DC / DC converter 56 operates with this voltage 24.5V (step 203), and the MCU 60 operates with the output voltage of the DC / DC converter 56 (step 204). Further, the evaporator unit 12 is operated by the voltage 24.5 V of the low voltage power supply lines P1 and P2.

  At this time, turning on of the commercial AC power supply 80 is detected by the AC detection circuit 83 (step 205), and based on the detection, the relay 61 is energized by the MCU 60 (step 206). By this energization, the relay contact 61a is turned on and the auxiliary battery 40 is discharged, and the condenser unit 11 is operated by the discharge voltage. Thereby, the operation of the refrigerator is started (step 207). Further, instead of the conventional voltage of about 200 V from the commercial AC power supply 80, the voltage 24.5V from the DC / DC converter 74 based on the discharge of the auxiliary battery 40 is converted into 5V by the DC / DC converter 56, and the MCU 60 Operation continues.

  When the outlet 81 is disconnected from the commercial AC power supply 80 (YES in Step 208), the disconnection is detected by the AC detection circuit 83 (Step 209). Based on this detection, the refrigerator is stopped by the MCU 60 (step 210), and stop preparation processing such as storing operation data up to that time in the internal nonvolatile memory is executed in the MCU 60 (step 211). In this case, the operating voltage of the MCU 60 is continued by the output of the DC / DC converter 74 based on the discharge of the auxiliary battery 40. As described above, when the engine 6 changes from being operated to being stopped, the in-vehicle battery 9 is used for the operating power of the MCU 60 for 10 minutes after the engine is stopped. It is changed so that 10 minutes is supplied from the auxiliary battery 40. This is because the operation of the refrigerator by the commercial AC power supply 80 is usually performed at night or on holidays, and the vehicle-mounted battery 9 is often not charged for several hours before that. In such a state, even if the power consumption of the MCU 60 is small, if power is supplied from the in-vehicle battery 9, the in-vehicle battery 9 may be completely discharged, and the engine 6 may not be started next. Here, when the power of the MCU 60 is supplied from the auxiliary battery 40 when the commercial AC power supply 80 is cut off, there is a slight problem that the output voltage of about 228 V of the auxiliary battery 40 is supplied to the wiring of the high voltage power supply lines P3 and P4. The place where the commercial AC power supply 80 is connected is a place where there are users who are accustomed to handling the freezer 1 such as the base of the freezer 1 and an inadvertent operation that causes an electric shock or the like is not performed. For this reason, the sequence is such that the power of the MCU 60 is supplied from the auxiliary battery 40, which is less problematic than the engine starting failure due to the discharge of the in-vehicle battery 90.

  When the process for preparing the MCU 60 to stop is completed, the relay 61 is de-energized (step 212). That is, in this case, the relay 61 functions as a keep relay under the control of the MCU 60. Due to this deactivation, the relay contact 61a is turned off and the discharge of the auxiliary battery 40 is completed. When the discharge is completed, the operation of the DC / DC converter 74 is stopped, and the supply of the voltage 24.5 V from the DC / DC converter 74 to the low voltage power supply lines P1 and P2 is released (step 213). Along with this, the operation of the MCU 60 stops (step 214).

  In this way, when the commercial AC power supply 80 is used, the life of the in-vehicle battery 9 is extended by operating the MCU 60 and operating the refrigerator without using the power of the in-vehicle battery 9 at all.

  In this case, the operation voltage of the MCU 60 after the refrigerator is stopped is obtained by discharging the auxiliary battery 40, for the following reason. That is, the operation of the refrigerator by the commercial AC power supply 80 may take a long time and may continue for several days. Under such circumstances, the MCU 60 is operated by the voltage from the in-vehicle battery 9. This is because the in-vehicle battery 9 may be completely discharged and the engine 6 may not be started.

  Note that the outlet 81 may be connected to the commercial AC power supply 80 during operation of the engine 6. In this case, the MCU 60 detects that the commercial AC power supply 80 is turned on by the AC detection circuit 83, deactivates the relay 63 and turns off the relay contact 63a, and connects the rectifier circuit 71 and the high voltage power supply lines P3 and P4. Turn off the power. By this interruption, the load on the auxiliary generator 8 becomes zero and the load on the engine 6 is reduced.

Further, when the operation is switched from the idling stop operation to the operation using the commercial AC power supply 80, the relay 61 has already been energized. The discharge of the battery 9 is prevented.
A summary of the operations so far is shown in FIG.

(4) Modification In the above embodiment, the relay 62 is energized when the key switch 52 is turned on, and the initial operating voltage of the MCU 60 is obtained from the vehicle battery 9 side, but the relay 62 is energized. Instead, the relay 61 may be energized so that the initial operating voltage of the MCU 60 is obtained by discharging the auxiliary battery 40. In this case, there is no need for the relay 62, and there is no need to take in the operating voltage of the MCU 60 from the in-vehicle battery 9, and the power consumption of the in-vehicle battery 9 can be reduced. However, since the high voltage of the auxiliary battery 40 continues to be discharged even after the refrigerator is stopped, it is possible to consider an unfavorable situation from the viewpoint of safety. Therefore, it is necessary to fully consider which configuration is adopted. .

  In addition, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments as they are, and can be embodied by modifying the constituent elements without departing from the scope of the invention in the implementation stage. In addition, various inventions can be formed by appropriately combining a plurality of components disclosed in the embodiment. For example, some components may be deleted from all the components shown in the embodiment. Furthermore, you may combine the component covering different embodiment suitably.

The figure which looked at the composition of the freezer truck concerning one embodiment of this invention from the upper part. The figure which looked at the freezer truck of Drawing 1 from the side. The block diagram which shows the structure of one Embodiment of this invention. The flowchart for demonstrating the effect | action of the embodiment. The flowchart following FIG. The flowchart for demonstrating the effect | action at the time of utilization of the commercial alternating current power supply of the embodiment. The figure which shows the operation | movement of the embodiment collectively.

Explanation of symbols

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Refrigeration vehicle, 2 ... Driver's cab, 3 ... Loading platform, 4 ... Refrigeration container, 5 ... Engine room, 6 ... Engine, 7 ... In-vehicle generator, 8 ... Auxiliary generator, 9 ... In-vehicle battery, 11 ... Condenser unit , 12 ... evaporator unit, 13 ... refrigerant pipe, 21 ... electric compressor, 22 ... condenser, 23 ... condenser fan, 24 ... evaporator, 25 ... evaporator fan, 20 ... inverter, 30 ... power circuit box, DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 40 ... Auxiliary battery, 51 ... Rectifier circuit, 52 ... Key switch, 53 ... Resistor, 54 ... Relay, 55 ... Backflow prevention diode, 56 ... DC / DC converter (1st conversion part), 60 ... MCU (control part) ), 61, 62, 63 ... relay, 71 ... rectifier circuit (first rectifier circuit), 74 ... DC / DC converter (second converter), 80 ... commercial AC power supply, 81 ... outlet

Claims (8)

  An engine, an in-vehicle generator driven by the power of the engine, an in-vehicle battery charged by the output of the in-vehicle generator, and an electric electric compressor, an evaporator, a condenser, an evaporator fan, and a condenser fan In the refrigeration vehicle provided with the refrigeration cycle for cooling the refrigerated container, an auxiliary generator driven by the engine power and outputting a high voltage, an auxiliary battery charged by the output of the auxiliary generator, and the auxiliary power generation From the rectified voltage of the output of the in-vehicle generator when an in-vehicle battery with a voltage higher than 24V and a 24V in-vehicle battery is installed. Voltage converting means for stepping down to a lower voltage and outputting, and during the engine operation, the voltage converting means, the in-vehicle battery and the output of the in-vehicle generator are supplied. The evaporator fan is driven by the voltage of the low voltage power line, and the electric electric compressor and the condenser fan are driven by the voltage of the high voltage power line. Power supply for refrigeration vehicles.   An engine, a vehicle-mounted generator driven by the power of the engine, a vehicle equipped with a vehicle-mounted battery charged by the output of the vehicle-mounted generator, and a refrigeration vehicle having a refrigerator for cooling a refrigerated container, driven by the power of the engine An auxiliary generator that outputs a high level voltage, a first rectifier circuit that rectifies the output of the auxiliary generator, a second rectifier circuit that rectifies an input voltage from a commercial AC power supply, and the first rectifier circuit or An auxiliary battery charged by the output of the second rectifier circuit, a low voltage power supply line, a low voltage power supply line to which the evaporator fan of the refrigerator is connected, an output of each rectifier circuit and an output of the auxiliary battery are A high voltage power line to be led, and voltage converting means for stepping down the voltage of the high voltage power line and supplying the voltage to the low voltage power line. The drives evaporator fan of the refrigerator, the high voltage power supply line the refrigerator electric compressor and the condenser fan refrigerator car electric power unit and drives the the voltage of the.   3. The power supply device for a refrigerator according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a constant voltage converting means for stepping down the voltage of the low voltage power line to a constant level regardless of the voltage level, and an output of the constant voltage converting means. And a control unit that controls the operation of the refrigeration cycle equipment by operating according to the above.   An engine, an in-vehicle generator driven by the power of the engine, an in-vehicle battery charged by the output of the in-vehicle generator, and an electric electric compressor, an evaporator, a condenser, an evaporator fan, and a condenser fan In the refrigeration vehicle provided with the refrigeration cycle for cooling the refrigerated container, the auxiliary generator driven by the power of the engine, the auxiliary battery charged by the output of the auxiliary generator, and the operation of the engine, A low voltage power supply line to which the output of the on-vehicle generator is supplied, a high voltage power supply line to which the output voltage of the auxiliary generator and the voltage of the auxiliary battery are guided, and the voltage of the high voltage power supply line is higher than 24V and 24V Voltage conversion means for stepping down to a voltage lower than the rectified voltage of the output of the in-vehicle generator when the in-vehicle battery is mounted and supplying the voltage to the low voltage power line A constant voltage conversion means for stepping down the voltage of the low-voltage power line to a constant level regardless of the voltage level; a control unit that operates according to the output of the constant voltage conversion means and controls the operation of the refrigeration cycle equipment; A key switch that is turned on when the engine is started, and a normally open contact that is inserted between the on-vehicle battery and a low-voltage power supply line, and operates when energized from the on-vehicle battery when the key switch is on. A relay, a voltage dividing resistor inserted in the energization path to the relay, and a short circuit that is connected in parallel to the resistor when the in-vehicle battery is DC 12V and is removed when the in-vehicle battery is DC 24V And a power supply device for a freezing vehicle.   5. The power supply device for a refrigerator according to claim 1, wherein an output voltage of the on-vehicle generator is about 20 V AC or about 10 V AC, and a voltage of the on-vehicle battery is about 24 V DC or about 12 V DC, The output voltage of the auxiliary generator is about 280V AC, the voltage of the auxiliary battery is about 228V DC, the output voltage of the constant voltage converting means is about 5V DC, and the output voltage of the voltage converting means is about 24.5V DC. There is provided a power supply device for a refrigerator car.   The power supply device for a refrigerator according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a reverse flow of current from the low voltage power line to the in-vehicle battery is prevented by being inserted between the low voltage power line and the in-vehicle battery. A refrigeration vehicle power supply device, further comprising a backflow prevention diode.   5. The refrigeration vehicle power supply device according to claim 3, wherein the control unit has a function of cutting off a charging / discharging energization path for the auxiliary battery when the refrigerator is stopped. 6. Car power supply.   An engine, an in-vehicle generator driven by the power of the engine, an in-vehicle battery charged by the output of the in-vehicle generator, and an electric electric compressor, an evaporator, a condenser, an evaporator fan, and a condenser fan In the refrigerated vehicle having the refrigeration cycle for cooling the refrigerated container, an auxiliary generator that is driven by the engine power and outputs a high voltage, a first rectifier circuit that rectifies the output of the auxiliary generator, and commercial AC A second rectifier circuit that rectifies the power supply, an auxiliary battery charged by the output of the first or second rectifier circuit, and an output of the first, second rectifier circuit or auxiliary battery are supplied to the electric compressor. A high voltage power supply line for supplying driving power, a voltage conversion means for stepping down the voltage of the high voltage power supply line to a low voltage and outputting it, and an output of the voltage conversion means are supplied A low voltage power supply line, a relay contact provided between the connection of the high voltage power supply line and the auxiliary battery, a control unit that operates using the voltage of the low voltage power supply line as a power source and controls each refrigeration cycle device, And detecting means for detecting connection or disconnection of the commercial AC power source, and the control unit detects the disconnection of the commercial AC power source by turning on the relay contact when the detection unit detects connection of the commercial AC power source. A power supply device for a refrigeration vehicle, wherein the relay contact is turned off later.

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