JP2005097797A - Instrument for simulating environment within clothing and evaluation method therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a simulation apparatus and evaluation method for the environment within clothing, enabling the measurement and analysis even under unsteady state of the temperature and humidity in clothing, dispensing with the use of a large-sized apparatus and capable of easily measuring a plurality of specimens in high accuracy. <P>SOLUTION: A plurality of vessels each containing a clothing environment simulation chamber partitioned with a moisture-permeable waterproof sheet and a specimen are detachably mounted on the upper surface of a water-retention member laminated on a plane heat-generating member and the temperature and humidity in the clothing environment simulation chambers and at least the outer environment are simultaneously measured with time. The transfer properties of heat and water vapor are analyzed by using the difference of the temperature values, the difference of the humidity values or the absolute humidity or the water content in air as the index of humidity. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to an in-clothes environment simulation measuring apparatus and an evaluation method. More specifically, it simulates the state in which heat and moisture move from the human body through the clothing to the outside world when the clothing is worn. The present invention relates to an in-clothes environment simulation measuring device and an evaluation method for clarifying movement characteristics.

  Measuring devices and evaluation methods that simulate the environment in clothes are important for obtaining basic information on the heat and water vapor transfer characteristics of fiber materials to develop comfortable clothing, and many studies have been conducted so far. Development has been done. For example, in [Patent Document 1], a pair of means for forming a pair of thin layers positioned on both sides of a sample to be measured, a pair of means for passing air adjusted to a predetermined temperature and humidity in advance in these spaces, An apparatus is disclosed which includes means for detecting a change in temperature and humidity of air in a space, and can measure the temperature and humidity in a garment such as immediately after garments in an unsteady state.

  In addition to [Patent Document 1], in addition to the typical conventional apparatus suitable for measurement in a steady state, that is, the conditions of the external environment and the artificial skin plate are controlled, the moisture and heat transfer characteristics of the environment simulation room in the clothes are described. A device that can be measured simultaneously and over time, a device that has temperature and humidity sensors in three small spaces partitioned by clothing material, and that observes the situation where the external environment of a given temperature and humidity sequentially affects each space, and clothing An apparatus for observing a situation in which the temperature of a clothing material changes by flowing precisely controlled air at different temperatures and humidity on both sides of the material and changing the temperature and humidity of one of the air is disclosed.

  These devices can accurately measure temperature and relative humidity. However, few of these devices are suitable for measurement in the unsteady state of the temperature and humidity in the garment immediately after clothing. In addition, these devices require a large device that adjusts air to a predetermined temperature and humidity and blows air, a device that circulates hot water adjusted to a predetermined temperature, and the like in order to perform accurate measurement. Further, when measuring a large number of samples as in the development stage of clothing materials, the apparatus becomes larger or requires a long time for measurement. For this reason, it is possible to measure the temperature and humidity in the clothing in an unsteady state immediately after clothing, without the need for large equipment, and to measure multiple samples easily and accurately And an evaluation method are desired.

From this point of view, the present applicant previously proposed an invention for a simple evaluation method of temperature and humidity characteristics simulating the sweating state in [Patent Document 2], but when measuring a large number of samples, an accurate apparatus was used. There are cases where a large number of samples are required or a long time is required for the measurement, and there are cases where differences between samples cannot be clearly evaluated. Further, an apparatus and an evaluation method capable of performing measurement easily and accurately are desired.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-18172 JP 2001-99832 A

  The present invention can measure and analyze the temperature and humidity in the clothes in an unsteady state, does not require a large facility, and can easily and accurately measure a plurality of samples. An object is to provide a measuring apparatus and an evaluation method.

The present invention firstly relates to an in-clothes environment simulation measuring apparatus for simultaneously measuring the temperature and humidity in the in-clothes environment simulation room over time, on the water retaining member disposed on the heat generating member. An in-clothes environment simulation measuring apparatus, wherein a container having an in-clothes environment simulation chamber partitioned by a waterproof sheet-like member and a sample is detachably loaded.
Secondly, the present invention is the above-described in-clothes environment simulation measuring device in which a plurality of the containers are stacked.
The third aspect of the present invention is the above-mentioned simulated environment for clothes environment using a sensor chip having a microheater formed as an air bridge as a temperature and humidity measuring device.
Fourthly, the present invention provides the above-mentioned simulated environment measurement for clothing, wherein an open-type simulated skin environment temperature / humidity adjustment chamber is provided below the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet-like member that partitions the simulated clothing environment chamber of the container. Device.
Fifthly, the present invention is the above-mentioned garment environment simulation measuring apparatus in which an open-type external environment temperature / humidity adjustment chamber is provided above the sample partitioning the garment environment simulation chamber of the container.
Sixthly, the present invention is the above-mentioned environment simulation measuring apparatus in clothing, in which a thermometer for measuring the surface temperature of the test sample is arranged.
Seventhly, the present invention is the above-mentioned environment simulation measuring device in clothes, which is provided with a water supply device for supplying water to the water retention member.
Eighthly, according to the present invention, there is provided a method for simulating and evaluating the environment in a garment and at least the temperature and humidity of at least the external environment simultaneously and over time. This is a simulation method for evaluating the environment in clothes characterized by analyzing the heat and water vapor transfer characteristics of a test sample including a non-equilibrium state.
Ninthly, the present invention uses absolute humidity or moisture content in the air as an index of humidity in a simulated environment evaluation method for clothing environment that simultaneously and temporally measures the temperature and humidity of the clothing environment simulation room and at least the external environment. This is a simulated environment evaluation method in clothes characterized by analyzing the movement characteristics of water vapor in a test sample.

  According to the present invention, measurement and analysis are possible even when the temperature and humidity in the clothes are unsteady, which was not possible in the past, and does not require a large facility, and measurement of multiple samples is simple and accurate. It is possible to provide an in-clothes environment simulation measuring apparatus and an evaluation method that can be performed.

In the present invention, the sample to be tested is mainly a flat moisture-permeable material such as paper and film in addition to fiber materials such as woven fabric, knitted fabric, coated fabric, sheet, and nonwoven fabric.
Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram of an example of an in-clothes environment simulation measuring apparatus suitable for implementing the present invention.
The main part of this apparatus is a flat exothermic member 8, a water retention member 7 laminated thereon, and is detachably loaded on the upper surface and partitioned by a moisture permeable waterproof sheet member 2 and a sample 3. A container 1 having an in-clothes environment simulation room 4 and a temperature / humidity measuring device for simultaneously measuring the temperature and humidity of the atmosphere in the in-clothes environment simulation room and the like over time.
Here, the garment environment simulation room and the like include a garment environment simulation room and an external environment or an external environment temperature and humidity adjustment room, and also includes a simulated skin environment temperature and humidity adjustment room as necessary. The external environment temperature / humidity adjustment chamber and the simulated skin environment temperature / humidity adjustment chamber will be described later.

The above-described conventional apparatus is for attaching and exchanging samples in a strictly controlled sealed environment apparatus, and these operations are complicated and time-consuming. In the present invention, since only a container in which a moisture-permeable and waterproof sheet-like member and a sample are attached in advance is loaded, the operation becomes easy and the temperature and humidity of the system can be stabilized at an early stage.
The planar exothermic member 8 is a member heated by an electric heater or the like (not shown), and the material is preferably a material having good thermal conductivity such as aluminum. A simulated sweat gland may be provided if necessary, or a porous body may be used. The temperature distribution in the upper surface of the planar exothermic member 8 is desirably within ± 2 ° C., preferably within ± 1 ° C., and more preferably within ± 0.5 ° C. However, surprisingly, by using the difference method, which is one of the methods of the present invention described later, accurate test results can be obtained even with temperature distributions outside these ranges, and the simplification of the apparatus can be achieved. Can do.

  The surface area of the upper surface of the planar exothermic member 8 is preferably equal to or greater than the surface area of the lower surface of the container 1, and more preferably has a surface area capable of stacking a plurality of containers 1 on one planar exothermic member 8. . Further, the surface other than the surface on which the container on the upper surface of the planar exothermic member 8 is loaded may be covered with a moisture-impermeable member to prevent unnecessary evaporation of water. Since the apparatus of the present invention is easy to attach and detach, the test may be performed using a single container. However, it is more preferable to perform a test on a plurality of samples simultaneously using a plurality of containers, thereby reducing the test time. It can be greatly shortened. Although the example using two containers 1 was shown in FIG. 1, it is not limited to this. By simultaneously testing using a plurality of containers, for example, it becomes possible to accurately and easily compare characteristics of a control sample and a test sample at the same time. This intercomparison method is particularly useful when rapidly comparing the characteristics of a large number of samples at the stage of qualitative screening for preparing a sample for theoretical analysis.

The water retaining member 7 is laminated on the upper surface of the planar exothermic member 8. The water retaining member 7 and the planar exothermic member 8 are used to remove trace component residues in the water used to generate dust and water vapor in the air accumulated in them, and to replace the water retaining member 7. In order to facilitate the water supply operation to the water retention member 7 performed at the start of the test, the water retention member 7 and the planar exothermic member 8 do not necessarily have to be mechanically fixed.
The water-retaining member 7 may be a planar material having water retention, that is, a woven fabric, a knitted fabric, a sheet, a nonwoven fabric, a filter paper, etc., but the heat transfer from the planar exothermic member 8 is uniform, quick and durable. There is a thin dense fabric that is desirable. Natural fibers, regenerated fibers, and synthetic fibers can be used as the material, but it is desirable to use cellulosic fibers such as cotton and water-absorbing synthetic fibers. The fibers are preferably small in diameter and have a modified cross section.

  The water-retaining member 7 is sufficiently hydrated by immersing it in water before the start of the test, and is then adhered and laminated on, for example, a heat-generating member that has been heated to about 30 to 40 ° C., which is close to the skin temperature of the human body. . Surprisingly, with the configuration of the present invention, it is only necessary to perform a simple operation such as soaking the water-retaining member 7 in water before the test is started, and the water content is not strictly controlled, which will be described later. The simulated skin environment temperature and humidity adjustment chamber 5 can be made to have reproducible humidity. You may supply the water retention member 7 as shown in FIG. 2 as needed.

The outer shape of the container 1 is desirably line-symmetric or plane-symmetric like a cylinder or a prism. This container 1 is provided with an in-clothes environment simulation chamber 4 in which the container 1 is partitioned in parallel by a moisture-permeable and waterproof sheet-like member 2 and a flat sample 3. The in-clothes environment simulation room 4 simulates the in-clothes environment between the human skin and clothing.
Only the in-clothes environment simulation chamber 4 formed in this way may be used as it is. However, in order to analyze the movement characteristics of the heat and water vapor of the sample by the difference method described later, the in-clothes environment simulation chamber 4 is provided. It is desirable to provide an open-type simulated skin environment temperature / humidity adjusting chamber 5 below the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet-like member 2 to be partitioned. In this case, for example, the cylindrical body 17 corresponding to the side wall of the open-type simulated skin environment temperature / humidity adjustment chamber 5 is provided with an opening 21 as shown in FIG. 3, and water vapor generated from the water retention member 7 is caused by the vapor pressure. It is desirable not to be forcibly sent to the in-clothing environment simulation room 4. Surprisingly, it has been found that the environment temperature and humidity in the simulated skin environment temperature and humidity adjustment chamber 5 can be obtained with such a configuration.

  In order to further reduce the influence of environmental fluctuations such as in the test chamber, it is desirable to provide an open-type external environment temperature and humidity adjustment chamber 6 on the upper side of the sample 3 partitioning the environment simulation chamber 4 in the container. . Further, in order to reduce the influence of environmental fluctuations such as in the test chamber, as shown in FIG. 2, an air introduction path 20 with adjusted temperature and humidity is provided above the external environment temperature and humidity adjustment chamber 6 via a gap. It is more desirable to provide the provided lid 14. If comprised in this way, it can prevent that introduction air is forcibly sent into the environment simulation room 4 in clothes, and also introduces the air of relative humidity 10% which passed the inside of a silica gel filling pipe | tube, for example, and external The humidity in the environmental temperature / humidity adjusting chamber 6 can be kept constant at about 50%.

The moisture-permeable and waterproof sheet-like member 2 that partitions the clothing environment simulation room 4 simulates the skin of the human body and quickly supplies heat supplied from the flat exothermic member 8 and water vapor generated from the water-retaining member 7 by this heat. In addition, it is a sheet-like member having moisture permeability and waterproofness, that is, non-water-absorbing property, especially for the moisture permeability of 1000 to 50000 g / m ² · day of a hydrophobic polymer. For example, a microporous film made of a hydrophobic polymer such as polyethylene, polypropylene, or polytetrafluoroethylene is preferable, and a stretched microporous polytetrafluoroethylene film is particularly preferable. The thickness is not particularly limited, but is preferably less than 100 μm.

  The container 1 configured in this way does not necessarily need to be mechanically fixed to the upper surface of the water retention member 7, and may simply be loaded without fixing means. As described above, it is surprising that even if the container 1 is loaded on the upper surface of the water retention member 7 without fixing means, a test can be performed with high accuracy.

The temperature and humidity in the garment environment simulation room 4, simulated skin environment temperature / humidity adjustment room 5, and external environment temperature / humidity adjustment room 6 described above are detected by a temperature / humidity sensor 9, and the temperature / humidity measuring instrument 10 detects both of them at the same time. Measure and record automatically. The recorded measurements can be analyzed by a computer.
In general, thermocouples and polymer sensors are used for temperature and humidity measurements. However, according to research conducted by the inventor, there are many cases where condensation occurs when these conventional sensors are used. It was found that this was a major factor causing fluctuations in the measured values of temperature and humidity in the garment environment simulation room 4. In the present invention, it has also been found that this problem can be solved by using a sensor chip in which a microheater is formed as an air bridge.

FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram of another example of an in-clothes environment simulation measuring apparatus suitable for carrying out the present invention, and the configuration thereof has been almost described above. FIG. 2 also shows an example in which the temperature sensor 15 and the temperature measuring device 12 are used to measure the surface temperature of the sample 3 at the same time so that the exothermic property of the sample accompanying moisture absorption can be tested.
Next, the container will be described in more detail.

3 is a schematic front sectional view of an example of the container 1 schematically shown in FIG. 2, and FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an example of an AA sectional view of the side of the container in FIG. In this example, the case where the cross section of the container 1 body is cylindrical is shown.
The main parts of the garment environment simulation chamber 4, the simulated skin environment temperature / humidity adjustment chamber 5, and the external environment temperature / humidity adjustment chamber 6 include a cylindrical body 17 and a flange 16. These materials can be selected arbitrarily, but the influence of fluctuations in the measurement environment temperature and humidity is suppressed, the escape of moisture in the supply atmosphere to the outside of the container system, and the reaction heat container system accompanying moisture absorption etc. In order to suppress escape to the outside and facilitate observation inside the container, it is preferably made of a transparent synthetic resin, such as an acrylic resin or a vinyl chloride resin. In particular, the use of a synthetic resin having a relatively thick thickness of about 5 to 15 mm is desirable in terms of making the loading without the fixing means more effective.
It is desirable that the cylindrical body 17 and the flange 16 are bonded or integrated by a lathe process or the like.

  The moisture-permeable and waterproof sheet-like member 2 and the flat sample 3 are sandwiched between the cylindrical bodies 17 and sealed in the container 1. The moisture-permeable and waterproof sheet-like member 2 and the planar sample 3 may be sandwiched or stuck on a separately prepared sample stand (not shown) as necessary. Further, in order to prevent leakage of the atmosphere from the moisture permeable and waterproof sheet-like member 2 and the end of the flat sample 3 and the moisture absorption of water vapor in the external atmosphere, a packing is used, or the size of the sample is changed to the cylinder of the container. The diameter may be smaller than the diameter outside the body, or the cylindrical bodies may be fitted into each other.

  The garment environment simulation chamber 4, the simulated skin environment temperature / humidity adjustment chamber 5, and the external environment temperature / humidity adjustment chamber 6 are fastened through bolts, nuts, and the like using bolt holes 18 provided in the flange, but are hermetically sealed. However, other jigs may be used as long as they can be maintained. The same applies to the case where a lid is provided above the external environmental temperature / humidity adjustment chamber 6 via a gap.

  For example, the cylindrical body 17 corresponding to the side wall of the open-type simulated skin environment temperature / humidity adjustment chamber 5 is provided with an opening 21, and water vapor generated from the water retaining member 7 is forcibly forced by the vapor pressure of the water retention member 7. 4 can be prevented, and a measurement result closer to actuality can be obtained. Further, for example, air may be passed through a water-filled tube to introduce saturated water vapor-containing air into the in-clothing environment simulation chamber 4, or a water droplet may be dropped onto the water retention member 7.

When the lid 14 is provided above the external environment temperature / humidity adjustment chamber 6 via a gap, an air introduction path 20 with adjusted temperature / humidity may be provided. The humidity of the introduced air can be easily adjusted, for example, by passing air through a silica gel or calcium chloride filled tube. Although the gap depends on the amount of introduced air, it is surprising that the air gap is almost constant even at an arbitrary interval between about 1 to 30 mm.
FIG. 3 illustrates the case where there is only one garment environment simulation room 4. However, when performing a layering simulation test, a plurality of samples may be stacked and tested. Multiple tests may be used.

  The sensor 9 is a temperature / humidity sensor. Conventionally, humidity measuring instruments often used for atmospheric humidity measurement use sensors for sensing materials such as polymers and ceramics, and these measure the capacitance of the film according to the amount of moisture absorbed and released. Since the value of electrical conductivity is taken and converted to the value of relative humidity, the time constant is large and a delay occurs, so that it is suitable for handling a stable value after a certain period of time. Although these sensors may be used in the measuring apparatus of the present invention, they are slow in response and cannot be said to have sufficient performance for measuring the moisture absorption and desorption characteristics of samples accompanying instantaneous changes in atmospheric humidity. . Further, according to the study of the present inventor, condensation occurs around the conventional sensor, especially when the relative humidity in the external environment temperature / humidity adjusting chamber 6 or the in-clothing environment simulation chamber 4 is high, resulting in an error in the measured humidity value. It has also been found that

  For this reason, as the humidity measuring device used in the present invention, for example, a humidity measuring device using a sensor chip in which a micro heater exemplified in [Patent Document 3] and [Patent Document 4] is formed as an air bridge is suitable. A high-speed humidity measuring instrument equipped with a small sensor unit of this type (for example, a high-speed absolute humidity measuring instrument RHM-1000S manufactured by Ricoh Elemex Co., Ltd.) is equipped with a micro-structured sensor that responds to the heat conduction of gas (water vapor). The amount of heat exchanged can be captured as the resistance value of the heater and measured as absolute humidity, and since the heater has a very small heat capacity, it can quickly generate heat and capture and output the absolute humidity in a very small space. It avoids the slow movement of moisture adsorption / desorption, which was a defect of the sensor, and provides an agile response with high reproducibility, and a more accurate measurement result can be obtained even in an unsteady state. Further, since a minute heater is used, it is possible to prevent condensation. Furthermore, this measuring instrument can output the temperature of the atmosphere in a very small space as well as the humidity, and the temperature / absolute humidity in the vicinity of the same can be known. Therefore, this measuring instrument is suitable for implementing the present invention.

However, the microheater portion often has a very small area of about 175 μm × 175 μm. For example, when the humidity is measured in the vicinity of a woven fabric or a knitted sample, the microheater portion may be affected by air passing through the weave or stitch. For this reason, the microheater portion at the tip of the sensor 9 should not be placed in close contact with the sample 3 but should be placed at a location about 1 mm or more away from the sample.
A temperature sensor 15, preferably a film-shaped temperature sensor, may be provided on the surface of the sample 3 as necessary, so that a change in the sample surface temperature due to heat generation due to moisture absorption may be measured.
It is desirable that these measured values of humidity or temperature can be continuously measured and recorded, and it is desirable to provide a storage device for recording. It is desirable to provide a data processing device for analysis of measured values.
The apparatus of the present invention has been described above. Next, features of the evaluation method of the present invention will be described. The measurement method will be described in detail in Examples.

  As described above, one of the evaluation methods of the present invention belongs to the in-garment environment simulation evaluation method in which the temperature and humidity are measured simultaneously and over time for the indoor environment simulation room and at least the external environment. It is characterized in that the heat and water vapor transfer characteristics of the test sample including the non-equilibrium state are analyzed using the difference between the temperature measurement values or the difference between the humidity measurement values.

  Immediately after the start of the test, the temperature and humidity of the simulated environment inside the clothes and outside environment (including the environment inside the external environment temperature and humidity adjustment room) and the simulated skin environment temperature and humidity adjustment room are in an unsteady state that changes every moment. The state varies depending on the sample. As described in the above-mentioned literature, useful information can be obtained even with the measured values of temperature and humidity as they are. However, according to the detailed study of the present inventor, if the difference in temperature or humidity between the respective rooms is used, each room due to subtle fluctuations in the atmosphere or the like can be obtained even with the simple evaluation method as in the present invention. It was found that more accurate analysis can be made by offsetting subtle fluctuations in temperature and humidity.

  In general, the technique for evaluating the characteristics of fibers and fabrics using the difference in temperature at the same measurement point in the same atmosphere is an evaluation of the hygroscopic heat generation effect (for example, [Patent Document 5], [Patent Document 6] and [Patent Document 7]. )), The present invention evaluates the properties of fibers and fabrics using temperature differences at different measurement points in at least two different atmospheres in the garment environment simulation chamber and at least the external environment. Is.

  In general, the technique for evaluating the properties of fibers and fabrics using the difference in humidity at the same measurement point in the same atmosphere is an evaluation of moisture absorption / release (for example, [Patent Document 8], [Patent Document 9] and [Patent Document]. 10]), the present invention evaluates the properties of fibers and fabrics using the difference in humidity at different measurement points in at least two different atmospheres in the garment environment simulation chamber and at least the external environment. Is what you do.

  As described above, another evaluation method of the present invention belongs to an in-garment environment simulation evaluation method in which temperature and humidity are measured simultaneously and over time in the in-garment environment simulation room and at least the external environment. It is characterized by using absolute humidity or moisture content in the air as an index of humidity.

As described in the above-mentioned document, relative humidity is generally used as an indicator of the humidity of each indoor atmosphere. As a fiber-related technique using absolute humidity or air moisture content that can be calculated from temperature and relative humidity, there is an example (for example, [Patent Document 11]) defined as a production condition of carbon fiber or graphite fiber. Are completely different in purpose, structure and effect. According to the detailed study of the present inventor, it was found that using absolute humidity or moisture content in the air as a humidity index in the garment environment simulation evaluation method enables more accurate analysis that cannot be achieved using relative humidity. .
JP-A-10-213470 JP-A-10-253415 JP 2000-199180 A JP 2001-49579 A JP 2001-248070 A JP 2003-227015 A JP 2003-227016 A JP 2003-227017 A In the following, representative examples according to the present invention will be described in detail.

Assembling the container An apparatus according to the conceptual diagram shown in FIG. 2 was used.
The container was made of an acrylic resin having a structure according to FIGS. 3 and 4, and the main part thereof was a hollow cylinder (outer diameter 75 mm, inner diameter 55 mm). The outer shape and the inner diameter of the cylindrical body 17 constituting the simulated skin environment temperature / humidity adjustment chamber 5, the in-clothes environment simulation chamber 4, the external environment temperature / humidity adjustment chamber 6 and the lid 14 are the same. The length of the cylindrical body 17 in the garment environment simulation chamber 4 is 53 mm, the length of the cylindrical body 17 in the simulated skin environment temperature / humidity adjustment chamber 5 and the length of the cylindrical body 17 in the lower part of the external environment temperature / humidity adjustment chamber 6 is 35 mm, respectively. The length of the cylindrical body 17 of the lid 14 at the upper part of the environmental temperature / humidity adjusting chamber 6 was 30 mm. An opening having a diameter of 14 mm is provided on the side wall of the simulated skin environment temperature and humidity adjustment chamber 5, and a humidity control air introduction path 20 is provided on the side wall of the cylindrical portion of the lid 14, so that the cylindrical body of the lid 14 and the external environment temperature and humidity adjustment chamber 6 The gap with the lower cylindrical body was 10 mm. The total weight of the assembled container was g.

  Further, the moisture-permeable and waterproof sheet-like member 2 has a microporous structure with a porosity of about 80%, a thickness of about 25 μm, and a moisture permeability as defined in JIS L 1099 (a method for testing moisture permeability of textile products). About 10,000 polytetrafluoroethylene film (trade name “GORE-TEX” film) was used as the test sample, and an adhesive white cloth defined in JIS L 0803 (attached white cloth for dyeing fastness test) was used.

  The sample was prepared and attached to the container as follows. A test piece having a diameter of 70 mm was cut out from a moisture-permeable and waterproof sheet-like member and a sample selected from various attached white cloths, and an outer diameter of 71 mm, an inner diameter of 55 mm, and a depth of 0.5 mm of a sample gripping part and an outer diameter of 68 mm and an inner diameter of A pair of 5 mm-thick two sample sets (total 10 mm) having a 58 mm packing insertion portion are respectively sandwiched between the simulated skin environment temperature / humidity adjustment chamber 5 and the clothing environment simulation chamber 4. , And between the garment environment simulation chamber 4 and the external environment temperature / humidity adjustment chamber 6 via packings, respectively, and bolts inserted into the openings 18 of flanges with an outer diameter of 98 mm provided in the cylindrical body of each chamber. And a nut fitted thereto, which are fastened and sealed and integrated.

  In addition, a small sensor unit (Ricoh Elemex Co., Ltd.) for measuring the internal atmosphere temperature and humidity is provided in each of the chamber 1, the simulated environment for clothing environment 4, the simulated skin environment temperature / humidity adjustment chamber 5, and the external environment temperature / humidity adjustment chamber 6. A sensor cable equipped with a high-speed absolute humidity measuring instrument RHM-1000S (manufactured by company) was passed through a plug made of silicon rubber, inserted into a 14 mm diameter opening provided in the side wall of each chamber, and sealed.

Preparation for measurement Next, the air conditioned air was introduced into the container thus assembled at a rate of 300 cc / min from the lid 14 at the top of the external environmental temperature and humidity adjustment chamber 6. The humidity control air to be introduced was dehumidified air having a relative humidity of 10% adjusted by removing moisture in the air with a silica gel filled tube. The humidity-controlled air was supplied before the start of temperature and humidity measurement, and was continuously supplied during the measurement.
In addition, the temperature and humidity measuring apparatus was activated, and each measured value was continuously collected and recorded on a personal computer via an interface (RS485 type manufactured by Ricoh Elemex Co., Ltd.).

As the planar exothermic member (number 8 in FIG. 2), a low temperature hot plate having a length of 30 cm and a width of 45 cm, which was produced with particular attention to the uniformity of the surface temperature, was used as a prototype, and a water retention member (FIG. 2). No. 7) was a cotton-coated white cloth defined in JIS L 0803 (attached white cloth for dyeing fastness test). It was 2.91g / 202.5cm < ² > when the evaporative free water content of this cotton sticking white cloth was measured by the method prescribed | regulated to JISL1096 (general fabric test method).
On the upper surface of this hot plate, the above-mentioned cotton attached white cloth soaked in water and soaked in water is laminated in a flat shape so as not to contain bubbles, and the surface temperature of the hot plate is a predetermined temperature (36 ° C. in the case of this embodiment). ).
After that, the container assembled as described in Example 1 was loaded on the surface of the white cloth attached to the water-containing cotton on the hot plate with the open end of the simulated skin environment temperature / humidity adjusting chamber 5 on the lower side facing down. Water was supplied to the white cotton-attached white cloth from a beaker filled with water by utilizing the capillary phenomenon of the cotton cloth.

Measurement of temperature and relative humidity characteristics in environment simulation room in clothes After assembling the container in Examples 1 and 2 and preparing for measurement of the device, test in a constant temperature and humidity of standard condition (20 ° C, 65% RH) The temperature and relative humidity of each chamber in the container were measured continuously for 60 minutes. As samples, nylon, silk, wool, rayon, cupra, cotton, ester attached white cloths specified in JIS L 0803 (attached white cloth for dyeing fastness test) were used. Using the total average value of the 60-minute measured values of these samples, the significance test between samples was performed by the least significant difference method.
Tables 1 to 3 show typical results of the relative humidity difference. The ** and * marks in the table represent significance at a risk rate of 1% and 5%, respectively. The difference between nylon and cupra / cotton, silk and rayon / cupra / cotton, wool and rayon / cotton in the attached white fabric was significant at a 1% risk. The difference between wool and cupra was significant at a risk rate of 5%.

  Tables 4 to 5 show typical results of temperature differences. The difference between the attached white cloth nylon and silk / cupra, and silk / wool / rayon / cotton / ester was significant at 1% risk. The difference between nylon and cotton was significant at a 5% risk rate.

Measurement of Absolute Humidity in Air in Garment Environment Simulation Room In Table 2 of Example 3, the relative humidity difference between the silk of the attached white cloth and the wool ester was not significant. So I tried to reexamine the absolute humidity. Table 6 shows an example analyzed by the least significant difference method. As a result, it can be seen that the absolute humidity in the simulated climate room in the clothes was significant when the difference between silk and wool ester was 1%, and the detection power increased. When the absolute humidity is different, the water vapor pressure is different when the temperature is the same, which is considered to cause a difference in water vapor permeability.

Heat and moisture transfer characteristics at the initial stage and the later stage The behavior of the temperature and relative humidity obtained in Example 3 with respect to the measurement time is greatly different between the initial stage and the latter stage of measurement. That is, both the temperature and the relative humidity are in a non-equilibrium state where the change is abrupt at the beginning of measurement (especially 0 to 10 minutes), and the change is slow and close to the equilibrium state at the latter stage of measurement (particularly 50 to 60 minutes).
Therefore, according to the method specified in JIS L 1096 (General textile test method) and JIS L 1099 (Fiber product moisture permeability measurement method), the air flow rate and moisture permeability of each sample of the attached white cloth are measured, and the initial and latter stages of the measurement. We examined the correlation between temperature and humidity index in the simulated indoor environment of clothes.
First, the correlation coefficient of the factors related to moisture movement is as shown in Table 7. Absolute humidity as an index of humidity has the highest correlation with the air flow rate at the beginning of measurement, and has the highest correlation with moisture permeability at the latter stage of measurement. I found out. On the other hand, when relative humidity was used as the humidity index, it was also found that the correlation was lower than when absolute humidity was used as the humidity index, and the tendency was difficult to grasp.

また布帛性量を含めた熱移動に関係する因子の相関係数は表８に示すとおりで、測定初期および測定後期とも、相関係数は布帛質量＞通気量＞布帛厚さ＞透湿度の順に大であった。

The correlation coefficients of factors related to heat transfer including the amount of fabric properties are as shown in Table 8, and the correlation coefficients are in the order of fabric mass> aeration amount> fabric thickness> moisture permeability in both the initial stage and the latter stage of measurement. It was big.

Differential analysis Using the apparatus according to the conceptual diagram shown in FIG. 1, tests were conducted in the same manner as in Examples 1 to 3 except that an upper open-open container was used and the temperature was adjusted in an office. .
Surprisingly, the relative humidity in the simulated skin environment temperature / humidity adjustment chamber reached 100% in about one minute after the start of the test. However, it has been found that the temperature in the simulated skin environment temperature / humidity adjustment chamber rises rapidly for 20 to 30 minutes after the start of the test, although it depends on the sample, and gradually increases thereafter. The temperature in the simulated indoor environment was affected by this, and showed the same tendency. However, when the temperature difference between the chambers is obtained, it can be seen that the steady state is actually reached in about 10 to 20 minutes, and a more realistic analysis can be performed. Table 9 shows an example of a white fabric with wool.

Conceptual diagram of an example of an apparatus suitable for carrying out the present invention Conceptual diagram of another example of an apparatus suitable for carrying out the present invention Schematic of an example of a cross-sectional view of the front of the container 1 Schematic of an example of a cross-sectional view of the side of the container

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Container 2 Moisture-permeable waterproof sheet-like member 3 Sample 4 Garment environment simulation chamber 5 Simulated skin environment temperature / humidity adjustment chamber 6 External environment temperature / humidity adjustment chamber 7 Water retention member 8 Heat generating member 9 Temperature / humidity sensor 10 Temperature / humidity measuring instrument DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 Air supply device 12 Temperature measuring device 13 Temperature measuring device 14 Cover 15 Temperature sensor 16 Flange 17 Cylindrical body 18 Bolt hole 19 Bolt 20 Air introduction path 21 Opening

Claims (9)

  In a garment environment simulation measuring apparatus that simultaneously and temporally measures the temperature and humidity in a garment environment simulation room, a moisture permeable waterproof sheet-like member and a sample are placed on a water retaining member disposed on a heat generating member. A garment environment simulation measuring device, wherein a container having a garment environment simulation room partitioned between and is detachably loaded.   The in-clothes environment simulation measuring apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of the containers are stacked.   The in-clothes environment simulation measuring apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a sensor chip in which a micro heater is formed as an air bridge is used as a temperature and humidity measuring device.   The inside of a garment according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein an open-type simulated skin environment temperature / humidity adjustment chamber is provided below the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet-like member that partitions the garment environment simulation chamber of the container. Environmental simulation measuring device.   The in-garment environment simulation measuring apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein an open-type external environment temperature / humidity adjustment chamber is provided above a sample that partitions the in-garment environment simulation chamber of the container.   The in-clothes environment simulation measuring apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising a thermometer for measuring the surface temperature of the test sample.   The in-clothes environment simulation measuring device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein a water supply device for supplying water to the water retention member is arranged.   In the clothing environment simulation evaluation method that measures the temperature and humidity of the indoor environment simulation room and at least the external environment simultaneously and over time, the difference between each temperature measurement value or the difference between humidity measurement values is used to determine the non-equilibrium state. A simulated environment evaluation method for clothes characterized by analyzing heat and water vapor transfer characteristics of a test sample.   Movement of water vapor in the test sample using absolute humidity or moisture content in the air as an indicator of humidity in a simulated environmental evaluation method for measuring the temperature and humidity of the indoor environment and at least the external environment simultaneously and over time A clothing environment simulation evaluation method characterized by analyzing characteristics.

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