JP2005090188A - Sliding bearing base isolator - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a sliding bearing base isolator which can cope with wide range of constructions from a house having a small superstructure load to a building having a large superstructure load. <P>SOLUTION: The sliding bearing base isolator is applicable to the construction having the superstructure and a base structure bearing the same, and interposed between the superstructure and the base structure to protect the former from an external force occurring due to an earthquake or the like. The base isolator is formed of a base isolation member 11 and sliding portions 55, 56. The base isolation member has a generally annular barrel portion 12, a bulge portion 13 extending outward from part of or the entire of the barrel portion 12, and sliding surfaces 16, 17 formed on either one or both of upper and lower edges thereof. The sliding portions 55, 56 are arranged on either one or both of the superstructure and the base structure so as to generate sliding on the sliding surfaces 16, 17 of the base isolation member 11. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

The present invention is a structure having an upper structure and a lower structure that supports the upper structure, and is interposed between the upper structure and the lower structure, and protects the upper structure from an external force caused by an earthquake or the like. The present invention relates to a sliding bearing type seismic isolation device.

  Earthquake countermeasures have been applied to buildings in the past, and since the Great Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake, earthquake countermeasures have been seriously discussed for ordinary houses. At present, the development is in the field of technology generally referred to as vibration reduction, seismic isolation, or vibration control, and is a technology that attenuates or absorbs seismic motion so that it does not reach the mounted structure. Examples of techniques for light load buildings such as ordinary houses include inventions such as Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Nos. 9-273331 and 11-141182.

  Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-273331 is called a vibration control mechanism for buildings, and the building foundation is oriented in a direction to cancel the change of the horizontal displacement of the building body detected by the vibration detecting means or the horizontal load applied to the building foundation. It has an air damper that moves in all directions. If such measures can be taken, rolls due to earthquake motion will be damped by the air damper, but it is necessary to combine the seismic isolation mechanism consisting of the air damper and its control device, roller bearings, etc. It becomes very expensive. This is a major cause that hinders popularization.

  JP-A-11-141182 is an invention of a seismic isolation device, comprising an upper plate and a lower plate, a roller holder and a roller held by the upper plate, and an elastic body that elastically connects the upper plate and the lower plate. Even if the structure is lightweight, it is said that it can exhibit an effective seismic isolation function. However, in the case of this device, it is described that the shaking can be suppressed without moving the upper structure up and down, and therefore, impact absorption in the vertical direction is not considered. In addition, cost does not seem to be an issue, so it does not seem to be aimed specifically at cost reduction.

JP-A-9-273331 JP-A-11-141182

  The present invention has been made paying attention to the above points, and its object is to provide a sliding bearing type seismic isolation device that can be widely used from a house with a small superstructure load to a load with a large load. . Another object of the present invention is to reduce the price of the seismic isolation device itself and thereby promote the spread of buildings with the seismic isolation device.

  In order to solve the above-described problems, the present invention is a structure having an upper structure and a lower structure that supports the upper structure. The structure is interposed between the upper structure and the lower structure, and causes an earthquake or the like. About the sliding support type seismic isolation device for protecting the superstructure from external force, it has an annular body as a whole, and has a bulge to the outside in a part or all of the body, and has an upper end or a lower end. A seismic isolation member provided with a sliding surface on one or both, and a sliding portion provided on one or both of the upper structure and the lower structure so that sliding can occur on the sliding surface of the seismic isolation member It is a measure to do.

  A structure having an upper structure and a lower structure is a target to which the seismic isolation device of the present invention is applied, and the seismic isolation device of the present invention is interposed between the upper structure and the lower structure. Since the seismic isolation member of the present invention is independent from others, the term “member” is used. On the other hand, the sliding portion may exist independently of the others, but may also exist as another portion, for example, the sliding portion can be provided in a part of a member or part constituting the lower structure. Therefore, the word “part” is used.

The seismic isolation member has an annular body and takes a form like a ring or a tube as a whole and is a kind of support that supports the superstructure. An outward bulge is provided in a part or the whole of the trunk, and this bulge can correspond to a vertical or horizontal external force applied to the seismic isolation member. Also, the elastic limit is expanded more than a simple annular one. FIG. 1 shows an example in which almost all of the trunk is made of a bulge. On the other hand, in the example of FIGS. 4 and 7, the ratio of the bulging portion is increased. The upper support portion and the lower support portion do not have to have the same diameter or shape, and the load and external force are transmitted to the bulge by making the upper support portion smaller in diameter or smaller than the lower support portion. Thus, the amount of deformation can be increased. Furthermore, when the change in diameter or shape is continuous like a taper (see FIG. 7), the elastic coefficient of the entire member becomes large and the strength becomes high.

  The seismic isolation member is provided with a sliding surface at one or both of the upper end and the lower end. That is, the upper end or the lower end of the body portion having the outward bulge can be a sliding surface. The sliding surface is a surface for generating a relative slip between the seismic isolation member and the upper structure or the lower structure, and at the same time is a location that also serves as a fulcrum with respect to the upper structure. When the seismic isolation member takes the form of a ring or a cylinder, the sliding surface has a ring shape with a relatively narrow width at its end surface.

Such a seismic isolation member can be made of stainless steel or other iron-based metal, copper-based metal, aluminum-based metal, or other metal material. In that case, plastic working by the bulge forming method is the best method. However, other materials including a synthetic resin material can be used, and the seismic isolation member can be formed by a processing method according to each material.

The sliding portion is a portion that supports and supports the seismic isolation member, and is provided as a contact partner of the sliding surface in one or both of the upper structure and the lower structure. Therefore, when the sliding surface is provided only at the upper end of the seismic isolation member, it is sufficient to provide the sliding portion only on the upper structure side. The sliding part may be a flat surface, but if it is a curved surface, especially a concave curved surface, it will return to its original position when the sliding surface of the seismic isolation member arranged there is moved by external force, that is, when slipping occurs. It works to make it easier. At this time, if a lock mechanism such as a click stop is provided at the center, it is possible to easily perform the operation of returning to the fixed position after the external force disappears even when the external force is removed from the fixed position.

It is desirable that the upper structure and the lower structure that are slidably supported include a detachment preventing portion that acts on them to prevent the seismic isolation member from detaching from the sliding portion. As the separation preventing unit, when the horizontal plane is an XY plane, an elastic material X that resists displacement in the X-axis direction and an elastic material Y that resists displacement in the Y-axis direction are used as an upper structure and a lower structure. Can be applied. As the elastic members X and Y, a spring wire or a spring plate can be used.

  The detachment preventing portion can be provided with a vertically movable portion for corresponding to the displacement in the vertical direction. As the vertically movable portion, elastic members X and Y with respect to the displacement in the horizontal plane XY plane are provided and attached. In the part, a long hole or a similar structure can be used together so as to allow vertical movement. A long hole or a similar configuration also defines the amount of vertical displacement predicted in the seismic isolation device of the present invention.

  Since the present invention is configured and operates as described above, it can be dealt with by changing the size of the bulge of the body portion, the thickness ratio, the ratio with the upper or lower support portion, the continuous shape, etc. Because it is possible, it can handle a wide range of houses from light housing with a superstructure to one with a higher load, it can easily handle the size of the load, and it does not increase the cost, so the price of the seismic isolation device itself This contributes to the spread of buildings such as houses with seismic isolation devices.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 thru | or FIG. 9 shows the example of 3 types of seismic isolation members applied to the seismic isolation apparatus which concerns on this invention. The seismic isolation member 11 of Example 1 shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 is a ring-shaped member in which almost all of the trunk portion 12 is formed of an outward bulge 13 having a semicircular cross section. A support part 14 having a smaller diameter than the lower part, which is visible only in shape, is provided on the upper side of the body part 12, and a sliding surface 16 is provided on the upper end face. A sliding surface 17 is also provided on the lower end surface having almost no body. In the seismic isolation member 11 of Example 1, the shape and size of the bulge 13 that occupies almost the entire body 12 determines the elastic characteristics of the entire seismic isolation member.

  The seismic isolation member 21 of Example 2 shown in FIGS. 4 to 6 has an outward bulge 23 that is bent in an arc shape at the lower portion of the body portion 22, and supports smaller diameters on the upper side and the lower side thereof. It has a structure in which parts 24 and 25 are provided. The upper support portion 24 has a smaller diameter than the lower support portion 25 (FIG. 6A), and is designed to have a smaller vertical dimension than the lower support portion 25. This ensures the stability of the seismic isolation member against changes (sliding), reduces the rotational moment, and makes it possible to finely adjust the load resistance of the seismic isolation member against the mounted load. is there. Sliding surfaces 26 and 27 are provided on the upper and lower surfaces of the body 22. In the second example, since the upper support 24 has the smallest diameter and is connected to the bulging portion 23, the elastic limit is reached at an early stage above the bulging portion 23 and tends to shift to plastic deformation.

The seismic isolation member 31 of Example 3 shown in FIGS. 7 to 9 has an outward bulge 33 that is bent in an arc shape at the lower part of the trunk portion 32, and is substantially the same with a smaller diameter on the upper side and the lower side thereof. It has a structure in which support portions 34 and 35 having a diameter are provided. Since the upper support portion 34 has a tapered intermediate portion 39 that is gradually reduced in diameter toward the upper end, the load applied to the upper support portion 34 having a small diameter is evenly received and exhibits the maximum degree of distortion, and High strength. In the third example, the upper end is a sliding surface 36 having the same diameter as the tip of the tapered portion, and the lower end having a large diameter is a lower sliding surface 27.

  In the example shown in FIG. 10, the seismic isolation device 10 of the present invention using the seismic isolation members 11, 21, and 31 as described above includes a steel base (beam) 42 of the mounting structure 41 that is the upper structure 42, and a lower part. The structure 43 is applied by being interposed between the foundation foundation. Reference numeral 44 denotes a so-called solid foundation. FIG. 10 assumes a general house as the upper structure 42, and the seismic isolation device 10 of the present invention is installed on the entire foundation foundation arranged at a necessary place or a necessary place. That is, consideration can be given so that the degree of installation of the seismic isolation device 10 according to the present invention is equalized according to small places where the load is large.

  FIGS. 11-14 has shown Example 1 of the seismic isolation apparatus of this invention. The seismic isolation device 50 is composed of a bulge-formed stainless steel seismic isolation member 51 having outward bulges 52 and concave and curved surfaces contacting the sliding surfaces 53 and 54 at the upper and lower ends thereof. And a locking mechanism comprising an engaging member 57 provided on the lower structure side and a spring 58 for biasing the engaging member so that the lower opening of the annular seismic isolation member 51 can be engaged and detached with the lower opening of the annular seismic isolation member 51 have.

For this reason, the seismic isolation device 50 of the present invention normally bears the load of the upper structure 42 as shown in FIGS. 11 and 12 so that the seismic isolation device 50 works restraint against wind pressure and light vibration. It has become. On the other hand, when an earthquake motion or other external force that greatly exceeds the capability of the lock mechanism is applied, the engagement element 57 moves away from the engagement partner (FIGS. 13 and 14). After the movement, the seismic isolation member 51 tries to return to the center due to the relationship between the sliding portions 55 and 56 formed of concave curved surfaces and the seismic isolation member 51. Can return to state.

  The above is an example of the operation of the seismic isolation device 50 according to the present invention with respect to a horizontal displacement, but the device 50 operates as follows with respect to a vertical displacement. When vertical displacement occurs, if the initial motion is thrust, the seismic isolation member 51 is thrust from the lower structure and receives a compressive force with the load of the upper structure, and the initial motion sinks. If this is the case, the seismic isolation device 50 descends first and then receives a compressive force due to the load from the descending upper structure, and each compressive force is elastic based on the shape structure of the bulge 52 of the seismic isolation member 51. It will be absorbed by deformation. Reference numeral 59 denotes a waterproof and dustproof cover.

  15 to 19 show Example 2 of the seismic isolation device according to the present invention. This seismic isolation device 60 has a detachment prevention unit 70, and any of the seismic isolation members 61 shown in FIGS. Therefore, also in the case of Example 2, the seismic isolation device 60 includes a bulge-shaped seismic isolation member 61, and an upper structure 65 and a sliding structure 63 of the lower structure 66 that are in a relationship of sliding support with a lower sliding surface. 64. 62 indicates a bulge.

  The illustrated detachment prevention unit 70 is configured to elastically couple the upper structure 65 and the lower structure 66 with an elastic material 67 made of a spring-like wire to prevent the detachment, and an upper portion to which the elastic material 67 and the upper structure 65 are attached. The fulcrum 68, and the lower fulcrum 69 to which the elastic member 67 and the lower structure 66 are attached, are attached by a vertically movable structure that can be vertically moved by passing the respective support shafts 71 and 72 through the long holes 73 and 74. The illustrated elastic material 67 is hung on the outer periphery of the large-diameter cam member 75 on the lower support shaft 72 side, so that the upper and lower support shafts 71 and 72 are configured as a belt as a pulley. It has become. Reference numeral 76 denotes a slot for attaching the lower support shaft, and 77 denotes a cam member rotation stop.

  As shown in FIG. 18, when the horizontal plane is an XY plane as shown in FIG. 18, such a separation prevention unit 70 is a separation prevention unit 70 (X) for displacement in the X axis direction and a separation prevention unit 70 for displacement in the Y axis direction. It is desirable to provide (Y) as a pair. That is, the separation preventing unit 70 elastically deforms the elastic material 67 when a load and displacement are applied to the seismic isolation device 60 from the outside, but it can process external force in the orthogonal X-Y2 directions. Effective anti-separation action can be expected.

FIG. 19 shows an example in which a vertical displacement and a horizontal displacement are simultaneously acting between the upper structure 65 and the lower structure 66. As understood from the figure, since the upper structure 65 moves to the right relative to the lower structure 66, the separation preventing portion 70 (X) in the X-axis direction is provided around the support shaft around the elastic material 67. Rotation occurs, and the Y-axis detachment preventing portion 70 (Y) is bent in the front-rear direction. A space 78 between the upper structure 65 and the lower structure 66 represents a state in which the vertical displacement occurs and the interval is widened. The illustration of the internal seismic isolation device 60 is omitted.

The perspective view seen from the upper side which shows Example 1 of the seismic isolation member used for the seismic isolation apparatus of this invention. The perspective view seen from the lower same as the above. (A) The front view same as the above. (B) Central sectional view of the above. The perspective view seen from the upper side which similarly shows example 2 of a seismic isolation member. The perspective view seen from the lower same as the above. (A) The front view same as the above. (B) The center longitudinal cross-sectional view same as the above. The perspective view seen from the top which similarly shows example 3 of a seismic isolation member. The perspective view seen from the lower same as the above. (A) The front view same as the above. (B) The center longitudinal cross-sectional view same as the above. Exploded view for applying the present invention to a structure. The top view before the displacement for operation | movement description of the seismic isolation apparatus of this invention. The center longitudinal cross-sectional view same as the above. The top view after displacement similarly. The center longitudinal cross-sectional view same as the above. (A) The top view of the separation prevention part applied to the apparatus of this invention. (B) The front view with respect to Fig.15 (a). (C) Central sectional view in FIG. The side view which shows the state which applied the apparatus of this invention which has a separation prevention part to a structure. The principal part enlarged view of FIG. Similarly perspective view. The side view which showed typically the displacement which arises in this invention apparatus.

Explanation of symbols

10, 50, 60 Seismic isolation device 11, 21, 31, 51, 61 Seismic isolation member
12, 22, 32, trunk
13, 23, 33, 52, 62 Swelling 14, 24, 34 Upper support 16, 16, 26, 27, 36, 37 Sliding surface 25, 35 Lower support 42, 65 Upper structure 43, 66 Lower structure 53, 54 Sliding surface 55, 56, 63, 64 Sliding part

Claims (7)

In a structure that has an upper structure and a lower structure that supports it, it is interposed between the upper structure and the lower structure, and is isolated to protect the upper structure from external forces caused by earthquakes, etc. The device has an annular body as a whole, and a part or all of the body has an outward bulge and is provided with a sliding surface on one or both of the upper end and the lower end. A sliding bearing type seismic isolation characterized by comprising a seismic member and a sliding portion provided in one or both of the upper structure and the lower structure so that slipping can occur on the sliding surface of the seismic isolation member apparatus. 2. The sliding bearing type seismic isolation device according to claim 1, wherein the seismic isolation member comprises a trunk portion having an outward bulge and a support portion having a smaller diameter than the bulge continuously provided on the upper side or the lower side thereof. apparatus. The sliding support type seismic isolation device according to claim 1, wherein the upper or lower support portion has a tapered shape in which an upper end or a lower end is gradually reduced in size. The sliding bearing type according to claim 1, wherein the sliding portion is a concave curved surface, and the sliding surface of the seismic isolation member disposed therein is moved by an external force to easily return to the original position when the sliding occurs. Seismic isolation device. 2. The sliding support type seismic isolation device according to claim 1, further comprising a separation preventing portion that acts on the upper structure and the lower structure that are slidingly supported and prevents the seismic isolation member from being detached from the sliding portion. As the separation preventing unit, when the horizontal plane is an XY plane, an elastic material X that resists displacement in the X-axis direction and an elastic material Y that resists displacement in the Y-axis direction are used as an upper structure and a lower structure. The sliding bearing type seismic isolation device according to claim 5, wherein a method for coupling the two is applied. The detachment prevention portion can be provided with a vertically movable portion to cope with the displacement in the vertical direction. As the vertically movable portion, elastic materials X and Y with respect to the displacement in the horizontal plane are provided, and the attachment portion 6. A sliding bearing type seismic isolation device according to claim 5, wherein a long hole or a similar structure is used together so as to allow movement.

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