JP2005081308A - Washing device and washing method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a washing device, in which a harmful substance adhering to the inside of a structure such as electric dust collector can be removed safely and efficiently without an operator's entrance into the inside of the structure, and a washing method used therefor. <P>SOLUTION: The washing device washing the inside of the structure 78 is provided with two nozzles 1A and 1B fixed to a rotary shaft 2 through a nozzle holder 38 and positioned symmetrically centering on the rotary shaft 2, a drive source 3 rocking two nozzles 1A and 1B around the rotary shaft 2, a support 5 built inside the structure 78, and moving mechanisms 18, 26 and 5 reciprocating two nozzles along the support. On both end portions of two nozzles 1A and 1B, jet orifices 4A and 4B for a liquid are provided, respectively. Two nozzles 1A and 1B are mutually inclined at a first angle θ1 in view in the axial direction of the rotary shaft 2, and mutually inclined at a second angle θ2 in view in the axial direction of the rotary shaft 2. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a cleaning apparatus and a cleaning method for cleaning a structure such as an electrostatic precipitator, and in particular, for removing dust containing dioxins attached to an inner wall of an electrostatic precipitator or an electrode plate. The present invention relates to a cleaning apparatus and a cleaning method.

  Generally, municipal waste and other general waste and industrial waste discharged from factories are transported to a waste incineration facility for processing. FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing the overall structure of the waste incineration facility. As shown in FIG. 7, first, the waste conveyed to the waste incineration facility is thrown into the pit 70. The waste in the pit 70 is transferred to the incinerator 72 by the crane 71, where it is incinerated and reduced in volume. The waste processed by the incinerator 72 becomes incinerated ash and is discharged by the ash conveyor 73.

  On the other hand, the combustion exhaust gas discharged from the incinerator 72 is sent to the water injection device 74 and the air preheater 75 through a flue (gas duct). In the water injection device 74, water is injected into the combustion exhaust gas to cool the combustion exhaust gas. In the air preheater 75, the air supplied to the incinerator 72 is heated, and the heated air is sent to the incinerator 72. The combustion exhaust gas that has passed through the air preheater 75 is sent to the multi-cyclone 77 and the electrostatic precipitator 78 to remove particles such as dust contained in the combustion exhaust gas. The removed particles are discharged by a dust conveyor 79, subjected to various treatments, and then carried out to the outside. The combustion exhaust gas that has passed through the electric dust collector 78 is released into the atmosphere from the chimney 81 through the induction fan 80.

  Waste incineration facilities may be dismantled and removed for reasons such as aging and renewal. In dismantling, the Director of the Labor Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare issued a notice of “Dioxin Exposure Prevention Measures for Work in Waste Incineration Facilities”. It is said that the substance including dioxins adhering to the inside of the equipment must be removed sufficiently before the dismantling operation is performed, and it is obliged to remove the adhering substances in the waste incineration facility before dismantling.

  In the incinerator or the like of the above-described waste incineration facility, dioxins that are harmful substances are generated, and these are contained in incineration ash, dust, etc., and adhere to the inner walls and flues of various devices. In particular, dust containing a high concentration of dioxins is attached to the inner wall and electrode plate of an electric dust collector, which is a combustion exhaust gas treatment facility.

Here, the configuration of the electric dust collector will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a general electric dust collector.
As shown in FIG. 8, a plurality of rows of dust collecting electrodes 100 are arranged inside the electrostatic precipitator, and a plurality of rows of discharge electrodes 101 are arranged between these dust collecting electrodes 100. In FIG. 8, only one row of dust collecting electrodes 100 and one row of discharge electrodes 101 are shown. The combustion exhaust gas is introduced into the electric dust collector from the gas inlet 102, passes between the dust collecting electrodes 100, and is discharged from the gas outlet 103. The dust collecting electrode 100 and the discharge electrode 101 are connected to the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the power source 104, respectively. When a voltage is applied between the dust collecting electrode 100 and the discharge electrode 101, corona discharge occurs around the discharge electrode 101 serving as the negative electrode, and the dust contained in the combustion exhaust gas is negatively charged by the corona discharge. The charged dust is moved toward the dust collecting electrode 100 as a positive electrode by the Coulomb force and adheres to the dust collecting electrode 100. The dust collecting electrode 100 is vibrated by a hammering mechanism (not shown), so that the dust is separated from the dust collecting electrode 100 and falls. These dusts are collected by the scraper conveyor 106 and discharged from the hopper 107.

  Conventionally, in order to remove the dust adhering to the inner wall and electrode plate (dust collection electrode and discharge electrode) of such an electrostatic precipitator, a work scaffold is assembled inside the electric precipitator, and then an operator works on it. It has a cleaning nozzle that injects high-pressure water to clean and remove deposits. However, generally, the concentration of dioxins contained in the dust adhering to the inside of the electrostatic precipitator is very high, and it is very dangerous to remove such dust by human hands. Moreover, when an operator removes the deposits inside the electrostatic precipitator, it is obliged to wear water-resistant protective clothing, an airline mask, etc., and workability is extremely poor.

Further, inside the electrostatic precipitator, electrode plates are arranged in several tens of rows at a pitch of about 20 to 30 cm, and the area to be cleaned is several thousand m ² . For this reason, it is necessary to perform a cleaning operation over a long period of time. Furthermore, there are many small spaces inside the electrostatic precipitator where workers cannot easily enter, and workability is poor and danger is high. For these reasons, there has been a strong demand for a cleaning device that automatically cleans the inner wall of the electrostatic precipitator, the electrode plate, and the like without entering the inside of the electrostatic precipitator.

  In order to meet such a demand, a self-propelled cleaning device that jets high-pressure water while moving on a pillar installed inside the structure has been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 1). However, in the conventional cleaning apparatus, since the water injection range is limited to the range of the swing angle of the injection nozzle, water cannot be injected over a wide range. For this reason, in order to wash | clean a dust collection electrode unit over a wide range using the said washing | cleaning apparatus, it was necessary to install a some washing | cleaning apparatus in an electrical dust collector, and there existed a problem that installation cost raised.

Japanese Patent Publication No. 60-36526

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and allows a worker to safely and efficiently remove harmful substances adhering to a structure without entering the structure such as an electric dust collector. An object of the present invention is to provide a cleaning device and a cleaning method.

In order to achieve the above-described object, an aspect of the present invention is a cleaning device for cleaning the inside of a structure, which is fixed to a rotating shaft via a nozzle holder and is positioned symmetrically around the rotating shaft. Two nozzles, a drive source that swings the two nozzles around the rotation axis, a support that is built inside the structure, and a moving mechanism that reciprocally moves the two nozzles along the support. The two nozzles are respectively provided with liquid ejection ports, and the two nozzles are inclined with respect to each other at a first angle when viewed from the axial direction of the rotary shaft, When viewed from a direction perpendicular to the axial direction, the second and second axes are inclined with respect to each other.
In a preferred aspect of the present invention, the moving mechanism is driven by the drive source, and the two nozzles repeatedly move along the support column while swinging around the rotation axis.
In a preferred aspect of the present invention, the moving mechanism includes a switch for switching a moving direction of the two nozzles, operation members for operating the switch are provided at both ends of the support column, and the two nozzles When moving to the end of the column, the switch contacts the operation member and the switch is operated.
One preferable aspect of the present invention is characterized by comprising a remote control unit for remotely controlling the reciprocation of the two nozzles.
Another aspect of the present invention is a cleaning method for cleaning the inside of a structure, in which liquid is ejected from both ends of two nozzles that are positioned symmetrically about a rotation axis, and the two nozzles are moved to the rotation axis. A step of reciprocally moving the two nozzles along a support straddled on the structure while oscillating around and ejecting fluid, and the direction of liquid ejection from the two nozzles is determined by the rotation axis of the rotating shaft The cleaning method is characterized in that they are inclined with each other at a first angle when viewed from an axial direction, and are inclined with each other at a second angle when viewed from a direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the rotating shaft. is there.

  According to the present invention, since the cleaning device can be self-propelled along the support straddled in the structure, the worker can clean the structure without entering the structure. it can. In addition, since the high-pressure liquid is ejected from both end portions of the two nozzles inclined with respect to each other, the cleaning range at the same position can be greatly expanded. Therefore, it is possible to perform cleaning in a short time without installing a plurality of cleaning devices in the structure.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a side view showing a cleaning apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is an enlarged view showing a part of the cleaning apparatus of FIG. FIG. 3 is a view for explaining the flow of compressed air.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the cleaning device includes a rotating shaft 2 rotatably supported by a bearing 13, two nozzles 1 </ b> A and 1 </ b> B disposed at the tip of the rotating shaft 2, and two through the rotating shaft 2. An air motor (drive source) 3 that swings the two nozzles 1A and 1B around the rotation shaft 2 and a support column 5 installed inside a structure such as an electric dust collector are provided. Compressed air is supplied to the air motor 3 from a compressed air source (not shown) via the air hose 11, thereby rotating the air motor 3. The driving force of the air motor 3 is transmitted to the first speed reducer 17 via the sprocket 21, the chain 19, and the sprocket 22, and is fixed to the output shaft 50 of the first speed reducer 17 and the end of the output shaft 50. Further, the first crank 51 is rotated.

  The rotating shaft 2 is disposed below the output shaft 50. As shown in FIG. 2, the first crank 51 is connected to a second crank 52 fixed to the rotary shaft 2 via a connecting bar 53. In such a configuration, when the output shaft 50 rotates, the rotating shaft 2 repeatedly rotates in a predetermined angle range via the first crank 51, the connecting bar 53, and the second crank 52. The rotary shaft 2 has a hollow inside, and a water supply hose 9 is connected to the rotary shaft 2 via a swivel joint 12 as shown in FIG. Then, high-pressure water (liquid) is supplied to the rotary shaft 2 from a high-pressure water supply source (not shown) through the water supply hose 9, and high-pressure water is jetted from both ends of the nozzles 1A and 1B.

  The output shaft 50 is connected to the second speed reducer 18 via the shaft coupling 25, and the driving force of the air motor 3 is transmitted also to the second speed reducer 18. The driving force transmitted to the second speed reducer 18 is transmitted to the sprocket 24 via the sprocket 23 and the chain 20. A pinion 26 is concentrically connected to the sprocket 24, and this pinion 26 is adapted to engage with a rack 6 formed on the column 5.

  The nozzles 1A and 1B, the rotating shaft 2, the air motor 3, the first speed reducer 17, the second speed reducer 18 and the like are integrally combined to constitute a traveling vehicle 45 as a whole. The traveling vehicle 45 includes a support member 46 at an upper portion thereof, and the traveling vehicle 45 is movably supported by the support column 5 via the support member 46. In addition, a guide 7 is provided on the upper portion of the column 5, and the moving direction of the traveling vehicle 45 is regulated by the guide 7.

  An air hose 11 is connected to the air motor 3 via a relay valve 32, and compressed air is supplied to the air motor 3 from a compressed air source (not shown) via the air hose 11 and the relay valve 32. The compressed air is supplied to the air motor 3 to drive the air motor 3, whereby the pinion 26 that engages with the rack 6 rotates and the traveling vehicle 45 moves along the column 5.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the air hose 11 is provided with an air filter 40, and the compressed air from the compressed air source passes through the air filter 40 and is then supplied to the air motor 3. The relay valve 32 and the air motor 3 are connected via two air pipes 41A and 41B. By operating the relay valve 32, the flow direction of the compressed air flowing through these air pipes 41A and 41B can be changed. It has become. A part of the compressed air flowing through the air hose 11 is supplied to the shuttle valves 30 and 31 via the limit valves 28 and 29. Further, the shuttle valves 30 and 31 are respectively connected to the relay valve 32, and the relay valve 32 is operated by the compressed air that has passed through the shuttle valves 30 and 31.

  The limit valves 28 and 29 function as air control valves that supply compressed air to the shuttle valves 30 and 31 or stop the supply of compressed air. These limit valves 28 and 29 operate in conjunction with each other. That is, when one of the limit valves 28 and 29 is operated and compressed air is supplied to the shuttle valve 30 or the shuttle valve 31, the other operates so as to stop the supply of compressed air. Therefore, when one of the limit valves 28 and 29 is operated, the flow direction of the compressed air supplied to the air motor 3 is changed, and thereby the rotation direction of the air motor 3 is reversed.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the limit valves 28 and 29 are arranged at the front and rear in the traveling direction of the traveling vehicle 45, respectively. At both ends of the column 5, operation members 33 and 34 are provided at positions corresponding to the limit valves 28 and 29. In such a configuration, when the traveling vehicle 45 moves along the column 5 in the direction of the arrow A and reaches the end of the column 5, the limit valve 28 comes into contact with the operation member 33. Operated. When the limit valve 28 is operated, the flow direction of the compressed air supplied to the air motor 3 is changed, and the traveling vehicle 45 starts to move in the direction of arrow B. When the traveling vehicle 45 moves in the direction of the arrow B and reaches the other end of the column 5, the limit valve 29 comes into contact with the operation member 34, whereby the limit valve 29 is operated. When the limit valve 29 is operated, the flow direction of the compressed air supplied to the air motor 3 is changed, and the traveling vehicle 45 starts moving in the direction of arrow A again. In this way, the traveling vehicle 45 repeatedly moves along the column 5.

  As shown in FIG. 3, a part of the compressed air flowing through the air hose 11 is also guided to the remote operation unit 37. The remote operation unit 37 includes operation valves 35 and 36 having substantially the same configuration as the limit valves 28 and 29. These operation valves 35 and 36 are connected to the shuttle valves 30 and 31 described above. Then, when the operator operates the operation valves 35 and 36, the relay valve 32 is operated via the shuttle valves 30 and 31, and the traveling direction of the traveling vehicle 45 can be reversed at an arbitrary position.

  Thus, the limit valves 28 and 29 function as switches that switch the moving direction of the traveling vehicle 45 (that is, the nozzles 1A and 1B). The second speed reducer 18, the pinion 26, the rack 6, and the like constitute a moving mechanism that reciprocates the traveling vehicle 45 (that is, the nozzles 1 </ b> A and 1 </ b> B) along the column 5. In the present embodiment, the air motor 3 functions as a drive source for swinging the nozzles 1A and 1B via the rotary shaft 2, and also functions as a drive source for reciprocating the traveling vehicle 45. Accordingly, the nozzles 1 </ b> A and 1 </ b> B swing around the rotating shaft 2 while the traveling vehicle 45 reciprocates along the support column 5.

Next, the nozzles 1A and 1B of the cleaning apparatus according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 (a) and 4 (b). 4A is a front view showing the nozzle of FIG. 1, and FIG. 4B is a side view showing the nozzle of FIG.
As shown in FIG. 4A, the two nozzles 1 </ b> A and 1 </ b> B have a cylindrical shape and are connected to the rotary shaft 2 via a cylindrical nozzle holder 38. The nozzle holder 38 is fixed to the end of the rotating shaft 2 and extends perpendicular to the direction in which the rotating shaft 2 extends. The nozzles 1 </ b> A and 1 </ b> B are respectively fixed to both end portions of the nozzle holder 38, and are arranged at symmetrical positions around the rotation axis 2. Injection ports 4A and 4B are formed at both ends of the respective nozzles 1A and 1B (FIGS. 4A and 4B show only one injection port for each nozzle 1A and 1B). In such a configuration, high-pressure water supplied from a high-pressure water supply source (not shown) passes through the rotary shaft 2 and the nozzle holder 38 and is injected from the respective injection ports 4A and 4B in the direction in which the nozzles 1A and 1B extend. The

  As shown in FIG. 4A, the nozzles 1 </ b> A and 1 </ b> B are inclined with each other at a first angle θ <b> 1 when viewed from the axial direction of the rotating shaft 2. That is, when the nozzles 1A and 1B are projected onto a plane perpendicular to the rotation axis 2, the nozzles 1A and 1B are inclined with respect to each other at the first angle θ1. Therefore, the injection directions of the high-pressure water from the nozzles 1A and 1B are inclined to each other at the first angle θ1. The nozzles 1A and 1B are configured to repeatedly move at a predetermined angle θ3 along the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft 2. The first angle θ1 and the predetermined angle θ3 are preferably 90 °.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 4B, the nozzles 1A and 1B are inclined at a second angle θ2 when viewed from a direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the rotary shaft 2. That is, the nozzles 1 </ b> A and 1 </ b> B are inclined in a symmetric direction with respect to a plane perpendicular to the rotation axis 2. Accordingly, the injection directions of the high-pressure water from the nozzles 1A and 1B are inclined with respect to each other at the second angle θ2. Thereby, it is prevented that the high-pressure water injected from each nozzle 1A, 1B collides with each other. The second angle θ2 is preferably 10 to 20 °.

  Next, the case where an electrostatic precipitator (structure) is cleaned using the cleaning apparatus having the above-described configuration will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 5 is a perspective view schematically showing an electrostatic precipitator in which a cleaning device according to an embodiment of the present invention is installed. FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing the cleaning apparatus shown in FIG.

  As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the column 5 is attached to the lower end of the wire 90 that hangs down from the ceiling of the electrostatic precipitator 78. The wire 90 is wound up by a winding device (not shown), and the support column 5 and the traveling vehicle 45 can be moved up and down. The support column 5 is installed perpendicular to the flow direction of the combustion exhaust gas. In addition, it is preferable that the length of the support | pillar 5 is suitably selected according to the width | variety of the electric dust collector 78. FIG. The traveling vehicle 45 of the cleaning device is connected to a high-pressure water supply source 91 via a water supply hose 9, and the high-pressure water supply source 91 passes through the water supply hose 9 to the nozzles 1A and 1B (see FIG. 1) of the cleaning device. High pressure water is supplied. In this way, the high-pressure water is jetted from the nozzles 1 </ b> A and 1 </ b> B into the electric dust collector 78 and adheres to the dust collecting electrode 100 disposed inside the electric dust collector 78 and the inner wall 78 a of the electric dust collector 78. Dust dust is removed.

  The cleaning device according to the present embodiment is not permanently installed in the electrostatic precipitator, but is a portable cleaning device that is installed as necessary, such as when the electric precipitator is disassembled. Therefore, after the cleaning operation is completed, the cleaning device can be removed from the electrostatic precipitator and used for cleaning other electrostatic precipitators.

  As described above, in the cleaning apparatus according to the present embodiment, the nozzles 1A and 1B are inclined with each other, and high-pressure water is injected from both ends of the nozzles 1A and 1B. can do. Therefore, if the cleaning device is installed at a substantially central position of the height of the electric dust collector 78, a large amount of dust can be removed without changing the installation position. Furthermore, since it is not necessary to change the installation position of the cleaning apparatus, the cleaning process time can be shortened.

It is a side view which shows the washing | cleaning apparatus which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is an enlarged view which shows a part of washing | cleaning apparatus of FIG. It is a figure for demonstrating the flow of compressed air. 4A is a front view showing the nozzle of FIG. 1, and FIG. 4B is a side view showing the nozzle of FIG. It is a perspective view which shows typically the electrostatic precipitator with which the washing | cleaning apparatus which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention was installed inside. It is a perspective view which shows the washing | cleaning apparatus shown in FIG. It is a schematic diagram which shows the whole structure of a waste incineration facility. It is sectional drawing which shows a general electric dust collector typically.

Explanation of symbols

1A, 1B Nozzle 2 Rotating shaft 3 Air motor (drive source)
4A, 4B Injection port 5 Post 6 Rack 7 Guide 9 Water supply hose 11 Air hose 12 Swivel joint 13 Bearing 17 First speed reducer 18 Second speed reducer 19, 20 Chain 21, 22, 23, 24 Sprocket 25 Shaft joint 26 Pinion 28, 29 Limit valve (switch)
30, 31 Shuttle valve 32 Relay valve 33, 34 Operation member 35, 36 Operation valve 37 Remote operation unit 38 Nozzle holder 40 Air filter 41A, 41B Air pipe 45 Traveling vehicle 46 Support member 50 Output shaft 51 First crank 52 Second Crank 53 Connecting bar 70 Pit 71 Crane 72 Incinerator 73 Ash conveyor 74 Water jetting device 75 Air preheater 77 Multi-cyclone 78 Electric dust collector 79 Dust conveyor 80 Chimney 90 Wire 91 High pressure water supply source 100 Dust collecting electrode 101 discharge electrode 102 gas inlet 103 gas outlet 104 power supply 106 scraper conveyor 107 hopper

Claims (5)

A cleaning device for cleaning the inside of a structure,
Two nozzles which are fixed to a rotation axis via a nozzle holder and are located symmetrically about the rotation axis;
A drive source for swinging the two nozzles around the rotation axis;
A strut erected inside the structure;
A moving mechanism for reciprocating the two nozzles along the support column,
Both ends of the two nozzles are respectively provided with liquid ejection ports, and the two nozzles are inclined with respect to each other at a first angle when viewed from the axial direction of the rotary shaft, and the axis of the rotary shaft A cleaning device, wherein the cleaning devices are inclined at a second angle when viewed from a direction perpendicular to the direction.   The cleaning apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the moving mechanism is driven by the driving source, and the two nozzles repeatedly move along the support column while swinging around the rotation axis.   The moving mechanism includes a switch for switching the moving direction of the two nozzles, and operation members for operating the switch are provided at both ends of the column, respectively, and the two nozzles move to the end of the column. The cleaning apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the switch is operated by the switch being in contact with the operation member.   The cleaning apparatus according to claim 2, further comprising a remote control unit that remotely controls the reciprocation of the two nozzles. A cleaning method for cleaning the inside of a structure,
Liquid is ejected from both ends of two nozzles located symmetrically about the rotation axis;
The two nozzles are swung around the rotation axis,
A step of reciprocating the two nozzles along a strut erected on the structure while injecting a fluid;
The liquid ejecting directions from the two nozzles are inclined with each other at a first angle when viewed from the axial direction of the rotating shaft, and when viewed from a direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the rotating shaft, 2. A cleaning method, characterized by being inclined with respect to each other at an angle of 2.

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