JP2005066457A - Deodorant and deodorizing method - Google Patents
Deodorant and deodorizing method Download PDFInfo
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- JP2005066457A JP2005066457A JP2003299421A JP2003299421A JP2005066457A JP 2005066457 A JP2005066457 A JP 2005066457A JP 2003299421 A JP2003299421 A JP 2003299421A JP 2003299421 A JP2003299421 A JP 2003299421A JP 2005066457 A JP2005066457 A JP 2005066457A
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- activated carbon
- carbide
- deodorant
- impregnated
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- 230000001877 deodorizing effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- 239000002781 deodorant agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 351
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 150000002366 halogen compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000003009 desulfurizing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 70
- 235000019645 odor Nutrition 0.000 description 57
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 32
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 24
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 23
- 229910000037 hydrogen sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 22
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 20
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- 238000004332 deodorization Methods 0.000 description 17
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 16
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen bromide Chemical compound Br CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 11
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 235000013980 iron oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 8
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- WQOXQRCZOLPYPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl disulfide Chemical compound CSSC WQOXQRCZOLPYPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 6
- 229910000042 hydrogen bromide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 6
- NLKNQRATVPKPDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium iodide Chemical compound [K+].[I-] NLKNQRATVPKPDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- GETQZCLCWQTVFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylamine Chemical compound CN(C)C GETQZCLCWQTVFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- QMMFVYPAHWMCMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl sulfide Chemical compound CSC QMMFVYPAHWMCMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 5
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- LSDPWZHWYPCBBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanethiol Chemical compound SC LSDPWZHWYPCBBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical group [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 4
- -1 for example Chemical compound 0.000 description 4
- WQYVRQLZKVEZGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hypochlorite Chemical compound Cl[O-] WQYVRQLZKVEZGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- DKNPRRRKHAEUMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iodine aqueous Chemical compound [K+].I[I-]I DKNPRRRKHAEUMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052595 hematite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011019 hematite Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- LIKBJVNGSGBSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Fe+3].[Fe+3] LIKBJVNGSGBSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 3
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chlorate Chemical compound [O-]Cl(=O)=O XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrazine Chemical compound NN OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SXDBWCPKPHAZSM-UHFFFAOYSA-M bromate Inorganic materials [O-]Br(=O)=O SXDBWCPKPHAZSM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- SXDBWCPKPHAZSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromic acid Chemical compound OBr(=O)=O SXDBWCPKPHAZSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002361 compost Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000365 copper sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- OSVXSBDYLRYLIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxidochlorine(.) Chemical compound O=Cl=O OSVXSBDYLRYLIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011790 ferrous sulphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000003891 ferrous sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000010800 human waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002429 hydrazines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen iodide Chemical compound I XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010842 industrial wastewater Substances 0.000 description 2
- PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodine Chemical compound II PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 description 2
- BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910000359 iron(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(II,III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]O[Fe]=O SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010815 organic waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XWNSFEAWWGGSKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-acetyl-4-methylheptanedinitrile Chemical compound N#CCCC(C)(C(=O)C)CCC#N XWNSFEAWWGGSKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004155 Chlorine dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013162 Cocos nucifera Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000060011 Cocos nucifera Species 0.000 description 1
- QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper oxide Chemical compound [Cu]=O QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005751 Copper oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000005156 Dehydration Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910021586 Nickel(II) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004153 Potassium bromate Substances 0.000 description 1
- BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl chloride Chemical compound ClC=C BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CUPCBVUMRUSXIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Fe].OOO Chemical compound [Fe].OOO CUPCBVUMRUSXIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013043 chemical agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019398 chlorine dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910001919 chlorite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052619 chlorite group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QBWCMBCROVPCKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorous acid Chemical compound OCl=O QBWCMBCROVPCKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- GVPFVAHMJGGAJG-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Co+2] GVPFVAHMJGGAJG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000431 copper oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229960002089 ferrous chloride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052598 goethite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- AEIXRCIKZIZYPM-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxy(oxo)iron Chemical compound [O][Fe]O AEIXRCIKZIZYPM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000002440 industrial waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- ICIWUVCWSCSTAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M iodate Chemical compound [O-]I(=O)=O ICIWUVCWSCSTAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 150000002505 iron Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- NMCUIPGRVMDVDB-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron dichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe]Cl NMCUIPGRVMDVDB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 159000000014 iron salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- VBMVTYDPPZVILR-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(2+);oxygen(2-) Chemical class [O-2].[Fe+2] VBMVTYDPPZVILR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021519 iron(III) oxide-hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940099596 manganese sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011702 manganese sulphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000007079 manganese sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910001507 metal halide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000005309 metal halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052976 metal sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- LNOPIUAQISRISI-UHFFFAOYSA-N n'-hydroxy-2-propan-2-ylsulfonylethanimidamide Chemical compound CC(C)S(=O)(=O)CC(N)=NO LNOPIUAQISRISI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QMMRZOWCJAIUJA-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel dichloride Chemical compound Cl[Ni]Cl QMMRZOWCJAIUJA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004043 oxo group Chemical group O=* 0.000 description 1
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-M perchlorate Inorganic materials [O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N perchloric acid Chemical compound OCl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940094037 potassium bromate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019396 potassium bromate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- NIFIFKQPDTWWGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrite Chemical compound [Fe+2].[S-][S-] NIFIFKQPDTWWGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052683 pyrite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011028 pyrite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006479 redox reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010801 sewage sludge Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011257 shell material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052950 sphalerite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000314 transition metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910006540 α-FeOOH Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910003153 β-FeOOH Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910006299 γ-FeOOH Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Abstract
Description
本発明は、下水、し尿、産業排水等の排水処理時、あるいはそれらの排水処理に伴って発生する汚泥や、生ごみ等の有機性廃棄物の保管、あるいは脱水処理等の処理処分時に発生する臭気を、脱臭する脱臭剤と脱臭方法に関する。 The present invention occurs at the time of wastewater treatment such as sewage, human waste, industrial wastewater, or at the time of storage of organic waste such as sludge and garbage generated by such wastewater treatment or treatment disposal such as dehydration treatment. The present invention relates to a deodorizing agent and a deodorizing method for deodorizing odor.
下水、し尿、産業排水等の排水処理時や、排水処理に伴って発生する有機性汚泥や、生ごみ等の有機性廃棄物の処理処分時に悪臭ガスが発生し、このために作業環境の改善、周辺住民への環境対策及び設備機器への腐食防止対策が非常に重要である。脱臭方法としては、酸やアルカリを用いる薬液洗浄法や活性炭吸着法や生物脱臭法が、実用化されている。薬液洗浄法は、酸やアルカリを含む洗浄液と悪臭ガスを接触させて、悪臭ガス中の臭気成分を洗浄液に吸収させて、脱臭するものである。活性炭吸着法は、表面積が大きく、多数の細孔を有する活性炭に臭気成分を吸着させて、脱臭するものである。活性炭には、酸やアルカリ、又は酸化剤を添着させた添着活性炭も広く使用せれる。
生物脱臭法は、悪臭ガスを曝気槽に吹き込む方法と、微生物を付着させた充填材と悪臭ガスを接触させて脱臭する土壌脱臭法、充填塔式脱臭法に分類される。充填層に黒ぼく土が使用される土壌脱臭法は、その設備構造がシンプルで、維持管理が容易なために古くから実用化され、その実績は多い。充填材に、粒状活性炭やセラミックス等の無機材料とプラスチック成形品が使われる。充填塔式脱臭法は、その設備がコンパクトにまとめられるために、近年その普及はめざましい。
Odor gas is generated during wastewater treatment such as sewage, human waste, industrial wastewater, and organic sludge generated by wastewater treatment, and organic waste such as garbage, which improves the working environment. In addition, environmental measures for residents in the vicinity and anti-corrosion measures for equipment are very important. As a deodorizing method, a chemical cleaning method using an acid or an alkali, an activated carbon adsorption method, and a biological deodorizing method have been put into practical use. In the chemical cleaning method, a cleaning liquid containing an acid or an alkali is brought into contact with a malodorous gas, and the odorous component in the malodorous gas is absorbed by the cleaning liquid to deodorize it. The activated carbon adsorption method deodorizes an activated carbon having a large surface area by adsorbing an odor component to activated carbon having a large number of pores. As the activated carbon, an impregnated activated carbon impregnated with an acid, an alkali, or an oxidizing agent is also widely used.
Biological deodorization methods are classified into a method in which malodorous gas is blown into an aeration tank, a soil deodorizing method in which deodorizing gas is brought into contact with a packing material to which microorganisms are adhered, and a packed tower type deodorizing method. The soil deodorization method in which black soil is used for the packed bed has been practically used for a long time because of its simple equipment structure and easy maintenance. For fillers, inorganic materials such as granular activated carbon and ceramics and plastic molded products are used. In recent years, the packed tower type deodorization method has been remarkably widespread because its facilities are compactly integrated.
前述したように、種々の脱臭方法が実用化されているが、低濃度臭気を効率よく脱臭する方法は、現在の技術では活性炭吸着法が唯一の脱臭方法である。活性炭吸着法は、表面積が大きく、多数の細孔を有する活性炭に臭気成分を吸着させて、脱臭するものである。活性炭吸着法は、低濃度に対して適用されるのが一般的である。しかしながら、活性炭だけでは、吸着寿命が短いために種々の薬剤を添着した活性炭（以下、添着活性炭）が使用されている。添着活性炭には、臭気成分別に大きく分けて３種類がある。硫化水素などの酸性臭気成分には、活性炭にアルカリ剤、例えば、苛性ソーダを添着したアルカリ添着活性炭が使用される。アンモニアなどの塩基性臭気成分には、活性炭に硫酸、リン酸などの鉱酸を添着した酸添着活性炭が使用される。硫化メチルなどの中性臭気成分には、ヨウ素や臭素などハロゲン化合物を添着した中性ガス用添着活性炭が使用される。 As described above, various deodorizing methods have been put into practical use, but the activated carbon adsorption method is the only deodorizing method in the current technology for efficiently deodorizing low-concentration odors. The activated carbon adsorption method deodorizes an activated carbon having a large surface area by adsorbing an odor component to activated carbon having a large number of pores. The activated carbon adsorption method is generally applied to a low concentration. However, activated carbon alone has a short adsorption life, and activated carbon impregnated with various chemicals (hereinafter, impregnated activated carbon) is used. There are three types of impregnated activated carbon, roughly divided by odor components. For acidic odor components such as hydrogen sulfide, alkali-added activated carbon obtained by adding activated carbon, for example, caustic soda, to activated carbon is used. For basic odor components such as ammonia, acid-added activated carbon obtained by adding activated acid to mineral acid such as sulfuric acid and phosphoric acid is used. For neutral odor components such as methyl sulfide, an activated carbon for neutral gas with a halogen compound such as iodine or bromine is used.
脱臭対象の悪臭ガスは、複数の臭気成分で構成されているために、１種類の活性炭又は添着活性炭で脱臭することは困難である。このような悪臭ガスに対しては、酸添着活性炭と中性ガス用添着活性炭、又は酸添着活性炭と中性ガス用添着活性炭とアルカリ添着活性炭、又はアルカリ添着活性炭と中性ガス用添着活性炭のような組合わせにより、活性炭充填層を形成させた活性炭脱臭装置で脱臭する。悪臭ガスに、アンモニアなどの塩基性臭気成分が含まれない場合や臭気規制が緩く、閾値の大きいアンモニアが除去されなくとも規制が満足できる場合には、酸添着活性炭を省くことができる。臭気規制が厳しい場合には、酸添着活性炭と中性ガス用添着活性炭とアルカリ添着活性炭の３種類の活性炭が必要である。従来は、それら３種類の活性炭は、別々にカートリッジに充填され、それらカートリッジが１つの脱臭塔に設置される。あるいは、別々の脱臭塔に充填される。
本発明は、上記従来技術に鑑み、複数の臭気成分を混合した１剤又は２剤で効率よく脱臭することができる脱臭剤とそれを用いる脱臭方法を提供することを課題とする。 This invention makes it a subject to provide the deodorizing agent which can deodorize efficiently by 1 agent or 2 agents which mixed the some odor component, and the deodorizing method using the same in view of the said prior art.
上記課題を解決するために、本発明では、薬剤を添着した球状の炭化物又は活性炭を、少なくとも２種類混合した脱臭剤、又は、酸を添着した球状の炭化物又は活性炭と、ハロゲン化合物を添着した球状の活性炭とを混合した脱臭剤としたものである。また、本発明では、薬剤を添着した炭化物又は活性炭と鉄系脱硫剤とを混合した脱臭剤、又は、炭化物又は活性炭に、金属化合物を添着した脱臭剤、又は、炭化物又は活性炭に、金属化合物とハロゲン化合物とを添着した脱臭剤としたものである。前記脱臭剤は、形状が球状で、有効径が２〜１０ｍｍ、均等係数が１．４以下、ＢＥＴ比表面積が５００〜２０００ｍ２／ｇ、空隙率が４０〜６０％、固定炭素分が８０％以上であるのがよい。さらに、本発明では、前記脱臭剤の少なくとも１つと、悪臭ガスとを接触せしめて、悪臭ガス中の臭気成分を除去することを特徴とする脱臭方法としたものである。 In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, in the present invention, a spherical carbide or activated carbon impregnated with a drug, a deodorant mixed with at least two kinds, or a spherical carbide or activated carbon impregnated with an acid and a spherical compound impregnated with a halogen compound. This is a deodorizer mixed with activated carbon. Further, in the present invention, a deodorizer obtained by mixing a carbide or activated carbon impregnated with a drug and an iron-based desulfurizing agent, or a deodorizer obtained by attaching a metal compound to a carbide or activated carbon, or a carbide or activated carbon, a metal compound and This is a deodorant adhering to a halogen compound. The deodorizer has a spherical shape, an effective diameter of 2 to 10 mm, a uniformity coefficient of 1.4 or less, a BET specific surface area of 500 to 2000 m 2 / g, a porosity of 40 to 60%, and a fixed carbon content of 80%. That is good. Furthermore, in the present invention, a deodorizing method is characterized in that at least one of the deodorizing agents and malodorous gas are brought into contact with each other to remove odorous components in the malodorous gas.
本発明によれば、次のような効果を奏することができた。
（１）活性炭の種類が減り、維持管理や廃棄物処理が容易になる。
（２）硫化水素を除去するためのアルカリ剤などの危険な薬剤を使用することなく、効果的な脱臭剤が提供できる。
（３）活性炭の種類が減り、脱臭装置の簡素化、省スペース化が図れる。
（４）市販の添着活性炭や脱硫剤の使用により、安価な脱臭剤が提供できる。
（５）装置全体の活性炭を交換することなしに破過した部分のカートリッジを交換するだけで脱臭性能が維持向上できる。
According to the present invention, the following effects could be achieved.
(1) The type of activated carbon is reduced, and maintenance and waste disposal become easy.
(2) An effective deodorizing agent can be provided without using dangerous chemicals such as alkaline agents for removing hydrogen sulfide.
(3) The number of types of activated carbon is reduced, so that the deodorizing apparatus can be simplified and the space can be saved.
(4) By using commercially available impregnated activated carbon or a desulfurizing agent, an inexpensive deodorizing agent can be provided.
(5) Deodorizing performance can be maintained and improved simply by replacing the broken cartridge without replacing the activated carbon of the entire apparatus.
まず、本発明は、薬剤を添着した球状の炭化物又は活性炭を少なくとも２種類混合する脱臭剤である。球状とすることで、通気時の圧力損失を小さくすることができる。本発明の対象臭気成分は、アンモニア、アミン類（トリメチルアミン）、アルデヒド類、揮発性脂肪酸（酢酸等）、アルコール類（プロピルアルコール、ブチルアルコール）、硫化水素、メチルメルカプタン、硫化メチル、二硫化メチル等である。薬剤を添着した活性炭は、市販の酸添着活性炭と中性ガス用添着活性炭とアルカリ添着活性炭の３種類の活性炭である。その形状は、球状である。その大きさは、１〜１０ｍｍである。その大きさが１ｍｍ未満の粒径では、充填層の閉塞や被処理ガスの通気抵抗が高くなると共に、被処理ガスの偏流の原因になり、脱臭性能が低下する。また、１０ｍｍを超えると、充填材の表面積が少なくなり、被処理ガスと充填材が接触する機会が減るために脱臭効率が低下する。特に、２〜５ｍｍの粒径で、球状の脱臭剤は、ガスとの接触効率が高く、脱臭装置をコンパクトにできるので好適である。 First, the present invention is a deodorizing agent in which at least two kinds of spherical carbide or activated carbon impregnated with a drug are mixed. By making it spherical, the pressure loss during ventilation can be reduced. The target odor components of the present invention are ammonia, amines (trimethylamine), aldehydes, volatile fatty acids (acetic acid, etc.), alcohols (propyl alcohol, butyl alcohol), hydrogen sulfide, methyl mercaptan, methyl sulfide, methyl disulfide, etc. It is. The activated carbon impregnated with the chemicals is three types of activated carbon, commercially available acid-impregnated activated carbon, neutral-gas-added activated carbon, and alkali-added activated carbon. Its shape is spherical. Its size is 1 to 10 mm. If the particle size is less than 1 mm, the clogging of the packed bed and the gas flow resistance of the gas to be processed increase, and the gas to be processed drifts and the deodorizing performance decreases. On the other hand, when the thickness exceeds 10 mm, the surface area of the filler is reduced, and the chance of contact between the gas to be treated and the filler is reduced, so that the deodorization efficiency is lowered. In particular, a spherical deodorizer having a particle diameter of 2 to 5 mm is preferable because it has high contact efficiency with gas and can make the deodorization apparatus compact.
すでに薬剤が添着された添着活性炭を２種類又は３種類混合し、脱臭装置に充填するものである。混合方法は、厳密に行うことはないが、少なくとも脱臭装置に充填された状態で、特定の添着活性炭が、充填層上部又は下部などに偏在することがないように混合する。硫化水素やメチルメルカプタンなどの酸性臭気成分には、活性炭にアルカリ剤、例えば、苛性ソーダを添着したアルカリ添着活性炭が使用される。アンモニアやトリメチルアミンなどの塩基性臭気成分には、活性炭に硫酸、リン酸などの鉱酸を添着した酸添着活性炭が使用される。硫化メチルなどの中性臭気成分には、ヨウ素や臭素などハロゲン化合物を添着した中性ガス用添着活性炭が使用される。 Two or three kinds of impregnated activated carbons already impregnated with chemicals are mixed and filled into a deodorizing apparatus. The mixing method is not strictly performed, but is mixed so that the specific impregnated activated carbon is not unevenly distributed in the upper part or the lower part of the packed bed, at least in a state where the deodorizing apparatus is filled. For acidic odor components such as hydrogen sulfide and methyl mercaptan, alkali-added activated carbon obtained by adding activated carbon, for example, caustic soda, to activated carbon is used. For basic odor components such as ammonia and trimethylamine, acid-added activated carbon obtained by adding activated acid to mineral acid such as sulfuric acid and phosphoric acid is used. For neutral odor components such as methyl sulfide, an activated carbon for neutral gas with a halogen compound such as iodine or bromine is used.
２種類の添着活性炭を混合する方法は、酸添着活性炭と中性ガス用添着活性炭、又は、中性ガス用添着活性炭とアルカリ添着活性炭、又は、酸添着活性炭とアルカリ添着活性炭を混合充填するものである。混合比率は、酸添着活性炭１重量部に対して、中性ガス用添着活性炭が０．５〜５０重量部である。一般に塩基性臭気成分は、その発生源がコンポストなどに限られ、汚泥処理設備等の悪臭ガスの主成分は、硫黄系臭気成分である。またアンモニアの閾値は、硫黄系臭気成分に比べて数千倍以上高いことから、酸添着活性炭の混合割合は少なくても実用上支障はない。コンポストなどアンモニアが主成分の悪臭ガスなら、酸添着活性炭１重量部に対して中性ガス用添着活性炭が０．５〜１重量部、又は、酸添着活性炭のみの脱臭になる。 The method of mixing the two types of impregnated activated carbon is a method of mixing and filling acid-impregnated activated carbon and neutral gas-added activated carbon, or neutral gas-added activated carbon and alkali-impregnated activated carbon, or acid-added activated carbon and alkali-added activated carbon. is there. The mixing ratio is 0.5 to 50 parts by weight of neutral activated carbon for activated carbon with respect to 1 part by weight of acid impregnated activated carbon. In general, the basic odor component is limited to compost and the like, and the main component of malodorous gas such as sludge treatment equipment is a sulfur-based odor component. In addition, since the ammonia threshold is several thousand times higher than that of the sulfur-based odor component, there is no practical problem even if the mixing ratio of the acid-impregnated activated carbon is small. If the malodorous gas mainly composed of ammonia such as compost is used, the neutralized gas-added activated carbon is deodorized only from 0.5 to 1 part by weight with respect to 1 part by weight of the acid-impregnated activated carbon, or only the acid-impregnated activated carbon.
また、アルカリ添着活性炭１重量部に対して、中性ガス用添着活性炭の混合比率は、０．５〜５０重量部である。代表的な臭気成分であり、一般に悪臭ガスの主成分である硫化水素が、悪臭ガス中の濃度として、１〜２０ｐｐｍと高い場合には、硫化水素を選択的に除去するアルカリ添着活性炭の混合割合を増やす。悪臭ガスの硫化水素濃度が、２０ｐｐｍ以上の高濃度になれば、活性炭コストが過大になり、活性炭吸着除去は困難になる。別の脱臭方法、生物脱臭法や薬液洗浄方法を検討すべきである。さらに、混合比率は、酸添着活性炭１重量部に対して、アルカリ添着活性炭の混合比率は、０．５〜５０重量部である。悪臭ガスの塩基性ガス濃度と酸性ガス濃度の割合により、混合比率が決定される。 Moreover, the mixing ratio of the neutral gas-impregnated activated carbon is 0.5 to 50 parts by weight with respect to 1 part by weight of the alkali-impregnated activated carbon. When hydrogen sulfide, which is a typical odor component and generally the main component of malodorous gas, is as high as 1 to 20 ppm as the concentration in malodorous gas, the mixing ratio of the alkali-impregnated activated carbon that selectively removes hydrogen sulfide Increase. If the hydrogen sulfide concentration of the malodorous gas becomes a high concentration of 20 ppm or more, the activated carbon cost becomes excessive and the activated carbon adsorption and removal becomes difficult. Other deodorization methods, biological deodorization methods and chemical cleaning methods should be considered. Furthermore, the mixing ratio is 0.5 to 50 parts by weight with respect to 1 part by weight of the acid-impregnated activated carbon. The mixing ratio is determined by the ratio between the basic gas concentration and the acid gas concentration of the malodorous gas.
２種類の添着活性炭、又は３種類の添着活性炭の混合により形成される充填層高さは、悪臭ガスの臭気成分濃度やその割合により決定されるが、概ね０．５〜２ｍである。臭気規制に対応するには、従来、３種類の添着活性炭をアルカリ添着活性炭、酸添着活性炭、そして中性ガス用添着活性炭の順番で脱臭装置に充填する。３種類の添着活性炭は、別々の容器であるカートリッジや脱臭装置に充填されるために、実質的な充填層高さがフリーボードを含めると、理論充填層高さの１．５〜２倍になり、結果的に脱臭装置が過大になる。本発明のように、従来品の複数の添着活性炭を混合し充填層を形成することで、脱臭装置のコンパクト化が図れる。 The height of the packed bed formed by mixing two types of impregnated activated carbon or three types of impregnated activated carbon is determined by the odor component concentration of the malodorous gas and its ratio, but is generally 0.5 to 2 m. In order to comply with odor regulations, conventionally, three types of impregnated activated carbon are filled in a deodorizing apparatus in the order of alkali-impregnated activated carbon, acid-impregnated activated carbon, and neutral-gas-impregnated activated carbon. Since the three types of impregnated activated carbon are filled in separate containers such as cartridges and deodorizers, the effective packed bed height is 1.5 to 2 times the theoretical packed bed height when freeboard is included. As a result, the deodorizing apparatus becomes excessive. As in the present invention, the deodorizing apparatus can be made compact by mixing a plurality of impregnated activated carbons of a conventional product to form a packed bed.
また、従来、複数の添着活性炭のうち一番早く破過した添着活性炭カートリッジだけでなく、すべての添着活性炭カートリッジを交換する必要があった。本発明では、悪臭ガス入口部に近く、活性炭の破過の進んでいるカートリッジから交換することで、交換頻度を抑えることができる。また、活性炭の性能は、悪臭ガスの臭気成分濃度だけでなく、ガスに同伴される粉塵やミストによる脱臭性能の低下が無視できない。このような、臭気以外の物質による脱臭性能低下時においても、悪臭ガス入口部の近くのカートリッジを交換することで脱臭性能の回復が期待できる。 Conventionally, it has been necessary to replace not only the impregnated activated carbon cartridge that broke through the earliest among a plurality of impregnated activated carbons, but also all the impregnated activated carbon cartridges. In the present invention, the replacement frequency can be suppressed by replacing from a cartridge that is close to the malodorous gas inlet and has advanced through activated carbon. Moreover, the performance of activated carbon cannot be ignored not only in the concentration of odor components of malodorous gas, but also in the deodorization performance due to dust and mist accompanying the gas. Even when the deodorizing performance is lowered due to substances other than odor, recovery of the deodorizing performance can be expected by replacing the cartridge near the malodorous gas inlet.
次に、本発明は、酸を添着した球状の炭化物又は活性炭と、ハロゲン化合物を添着した球状の炭化物又は活性炭を混合する脱臭剤である。アンモニアやトリメチルアミンなどのアミン類は、酸を添着した活性炭で中和反応により除去し、酸性臭気成分や中性成分は、ハロゲン化合物を添着した活性炭で酸化反応により除去するものである。酸を添着した活性炭は、活性炭に、硫酸、リン酸などの鉱酸、スルファミン酸、酢酸、蓚酸などの有機酸を添着したものである。ハロゲン化合物を添着した活性炭は、ヨウ素、臭素、臭化水素、臭化水素水、ヨウ化カリウムなどのヨウ化塩、臭素酸カリウムなどの臭素酸塩などを活性炭に添着したものである。混合比率は、酸添着活性炭１重量部に対して、ハロゲン化合物添着活性炭が０．５〜５０重量部である。悪臭ガスにアンモニアなどが多い場合には、酸添着活性炭に対するハロゲン化合物添着活性炭の比率を下げて、アンモニアなどの塩基性臭気成分除去を主体に行う。混合割合は、臭気成分濃度とその存在比率及び経済的コストから決定される。 Next, the present invention is a deodorizing agent that mixes spherical carbide or activated carbon impregnated with an acid and spherical carbide or activated carbon impregnated with a halogen compound. Amines such as ammonia and trimethylamine are removed by neutralization reaction with activated carbon impregnated with acid, and acidic odor components and neutral components are removed by oxidation reaction with activated carbon impregnated with halogen compounds. The activated carbon impregnated with an acid is obtained by impregnating activated carbon with a mineral acid such as sulfuric acid or phosphoric acid, or an organic acid such as sulfamic acid, acetic acid or oxalic acid. Activated carbon impregnated with a halogen compound is obtained by impregnating activated carbon with iodine, bromine, hydrogen bromide, aqueous hydrogen bromide, iodide such as potassium iodide, bromate such as potassium bromate and the like. The mixing ratio is 0.5 to 50 parts by weight of the halogen compound-added activated carbon with respect to 1 part by weight of the acid-impregnated activated carbon. When the bad odor gas contains a large amount of ammonia, the ratio of the halogen compound-added activated carbon to the acid-added activated carbon is lowered to mainly remove basic odor components such as ammonia. The mixing ratio is determined from the odor component concentration, its abundance ratio and economic cost.
次に、本発明は、薬剤を添着した炭化物又は活性炭と、鉄系脱硫剤を混合する脱臭剤である。薬剤を添着した活性炭は、酸添着活性炭、アルカリ添着活性炭、中性ガス用添着活性炭のうち、少なくとも１種類の添着活性炭である。鉄系脱硫剤は、悪臭ガスの硫化水素を除去するために使用される。鉄系脱硫剤は、市販の酸化鉄系で、その形状は球状又は円柱状、破砕状などいずれでも使用できる。その粒径は１〜１０ｍｍ、均等係数が１．１から２までの範囲のものが良い。酸化鉄は、磁鉄鉱などのマグネタイトＦｅ３Ｏ４、針鉄鉱などのα−ＦｅＯＯＨ、赤金鉱などのβ−ＦｅＯＯＨ，鱗鉄鉱などのγ−ＦｅＯＯＨ、赤鉄鉱のα−Ｆｅ２Ｏ３、磁赤鉄鉱のγ−Ｆｅ２Ｏ３、自然界で発生する非結晶質の赤錆や緑錆やオキシ水酸化鉄などの鉄酸化物である。 Next, the present invention is a deodorizing agent in which a carbide or activated carbon impregnated with a chemical is mixed with an iron-based desulfurizing agent. The activated carbon impregnated with the chemical agent is at least one type of activated carbon added among acid-added activated carbon, alkali-impregnated activated carbon, and neutral gas-added activated carbon. The iron-based desulfurizing agent is used to remove malodorous hydrogen sulfide. The iron-based desulfurizing agent is a commercially available iron oxide-based material and can be used in any shape such as a spherical shape, a cylindrical shape, or a crushed shape. The particle size is preferably 1 to 10 mm and the uniformity coefficient is in the range of 1.1 to 2. Iron oxide includes magnetite Fe 3 O 4 such as magnetite, α-FeOOH such as goethite, β-FeOOH such as hematite, γ-FeOOH such as sphalerite, α-Fe 2 O 3 of hematite, magnetic hematite Γ-Fe 2 O 3 , which is an iron oxide such as amorphous red rust, green rust, and iron oxyhydroxide that occurs in nature.
酸化鉄又は酸化鉄を含む金属酸化物により、硫化水素を硫黄や安定な金属硫化物にして、その結晶構造の内部に固定化するものである。具体的には、市販の酸化鉄系脱硫剤や焼成金属酸化物ダスト、黄鉄鉱や鉄錆などの酸化鉄などである。鉄系脱硫剤の混合割合は、鉄系脱硫剤１重量部に対して酸添着活性炭が０．１〜５重量部である。悪臭ガス成分の主体が硫化水素で、アンモニアなどの塩基性臭気成分濃度が低いとき、酸添着活性炭の混合割合を低くできる。また、混合割合は、鉄系脱硫剤１重量部に対して中性ガス用添着活性炭が０．５〜５０重量部である。中性ガス用添着活性炭でも、平衡吸着量として１０％以上の硫化水素が除去できるので、硫黄系臭気成分が主体の悪臭ガスには、中性ガス用添着活性炭の割合を高めることができる。 By using iron oxide or a metal oxide containing iron oxide, hydrogen sulfide is converted into sulfur or a stable metal sulfide and fixed inside the crystal structure. Specifically, commercially available iron oxide desulfurization agents, calcined metal oxide dust, iron oxides such as pyrite and iron rust, and the like. The mixing ratio of the iron-based desulfurizing agent is 0.1 to 5 parts by weight of the acid-added activated carbon with respect to 1 part by weight of the iron-based desulfurizing agent. When the main component of malodorous gas component is hydrogen sulfide and the concentration of basic odor components such as ammonia is low, the mixing ratio of acid-impregnated activated carbon can be lowered. The mixing ratio is 0.5 to 50 parts by weight of the activated carbon for neutral gas with respect to 1 part by weight of the iron-based desulfurizing agent. Even neutral carbon-impregnated activated carbon can remove 10% or more of hydrogen sulfide as an equilibrium adsorption amount, and therefore, the proportion of neutral-carbon-impregnated activated carbon can be increased in malodorous gases mainly composed of sulfur-based odor components.
硫化水素除去を目的に、鉄系脱硫剤とアルカリ添着活性炭を併用することもできる。鉄系脱硫剤は、悪臭ガス中に酸素が含有される場合、無酸素状態より経験的に硫化水素除去量、つまり平衡吸着量が増大することが分かっている。また、鉄系脱硫剤は、安価なために、高価なアルカリ添着活性炭の使用量の削減やアルカリ添着活性炭を使用せず、硫化水素除去ができる。悪臭ガスにアンモニアなどが多い場合には、酸添着活性炭に対する中性ガス用添着活性炭の比率を下げて、アンモニアなどの塩基性臭気成分除去を主体に行う。混合割合は、臭気成分濃度とその存在比率及び経済的コストから決定される。 For the purpose of removing hydrogen sulfide, an iron-based desulfurizing agent and an alkali-impregnated activated carbon can be used in combination. It has been found that the amount of hydrogen sulfide removed, that is, the equilibrium adsorption amount, is empirically increased when the oxygen-containing odorous gas contains oxygen in the iron-based desulfurizing agent as compared with the oxygen-free state. In addition, since the iron-based desulfurizing agent is inexpensive, it can reduce hydrogen sulfide without reducing the amount of expensive alkali-added activated carbon used or using alkali-added activated carbon. If the bad odor gas contains a lot of ammonia, the ratio of the neutral gas-impregnated activated carbon to the acid-impregnated activated carbon is lowered to mainly remove basic odor components such as ammonia. The mixing ratio is determined from the odor component concentration, its abundance ratio and economic cost.
次に、本発明は、炭化物又は活性炭に、金属化合物を添着した脱臭剤である。炭化物は、木材、ヤシ殻系、石炭系、石油系等の原料の他、下水汚泥などの産業廃棄物を４００〜６００℃で加熱乾留して得られるものである。炭化物は、好ましくは、活性炭が良い。活性炭は、炭化物より臭気の吸着除去が良く、品質の安定した活性炭の使用が望ましい。活性炭は、上記炭化物を薬品や水蒸気で賦活させて製造される。活性炭製造や活性炭再生時に発生するふるい下や集塵ダストでも良く、資源節約や廃棄物削減から効果的である。また、賦活再生前の活性炭を乾燥させたものでも良い。炭化物の形状は、円柱状、球状、破砕状などであり、特に球状がよい。その大きさは、１〜１０ｍｍである。その大きさが１ｍｍ未満の粒径では、充填層の閉塞や被処理ガスの通気抵抗が高くなると共に、被処理ガスの偏流れの原因になり、脱臭性能が低下する。１０ｍｍを超えると、充填材の表面積が少なくなり、被処理ガスと充填材が接触する機会が減るために脱臭効率が低下する。特に、２〜５ｍｍの粒径で、球状の脱臭剤は、ガスとの接触効率が高く、脱臭装置をコンパクトにできるので好適である。 Next, the present invention is a deodorizer obtained by attaching a metal compound to carbide or activated carbon. The carbide is obtained by heating and distilling industrial waste such as sewage sludge in addition to raw materials such as wood, coconut shell, coal and petroleum, at 400 to 600 ° C. The carbide is preferably activated carbon. Activated carbon has better odor adsorption removal than carbide, and it is desirable to use activated carbon with stable quality. Activated carbon is produced by activating the above carbide with chemicals or water vapor. Sieve under dust or dust collected during activated carbon production or activated carbon regeneration may be used, which is effective in saving resources and reducing waste. Moreover, what dried the activated carbon before activation reproduction | regeneration may be used. The shape of the carbide is a cylindrical shape, a spherical shape, a crushed shape, etc., and a spherical shape is particularly preferable. Its size is 1 to 10 mm. When the particle size is less than 1 mm, the clogging of the packed bed and the ventilation resistance of the gas to be processed are increased, and the gas to be processed is unevenly flowed and the deodorizing performance is deteriorated. If it exceeds 10 mm, the surface area of the filler is reduced, and the chance of contact between the gas to be treated and the filler is reduced, so that the deodorization efficiency is lowered. In particular, a spherical deodorizer having a particle diameter of 2 to 5 mm is preferable because it has high contact efficiency with gas and can make the deodorization apparatus compact.
金属化合物は、先の鉄系脱硫剤と同じ成分であったり、遷移金属の酸化物や水酸化物、オキソ化物、金属ハロゲン化物などが挙げられる。炭化物に金属化合物を添着した脱臭剤の製造方法は、水溶性金属塩の１０〜３０重量％の水溶液に、炭化物１０〜５０％添加して１０〜３０分間浸漬させて、水切りした後に１００℃以下で乾燥して製造する。乾燥製品を、更に鉄塩の水溶液に浸漬、乾燥を繰り返すこともできる。乾燥は、常温で２４時間〜１週間程度行うこともできる。炭化物に金属化合物を添着する方法は、上記以外に金属塩水溶液を炭化物に噴霧するなど任意の方法が使用できる。水溶性金属塩は、硫酸第１鉄や塩化第１鉄などの鉄塩、硫酸銅や塩化コバルト、硫酸マンガン、塩化ニッケルなどである。炭化物１００重量部に対する金属化合物の添着の割合は、０．１〜２０重量部である。金属化合物の添着割合が、０．１重量部未満では、硫化水素除去性能が低い。２０重量部を超える量は技術的に困難である。 Examples of the metal compound include the same components as the iron-based desulfurization agent, transition metal oxides, hydroxides, oxo compounds, and metal halides. The method of producing a deodorant in which a metal compound is attached to a carbide is 10 to 30% by weight of an aqueous solution of a water-soluble metal salt. To dry and manufacture. The dried product can be further immersed in an iron salt aqueous solution and repeatedly dried. Drying can also be performed at room temperature for about 24 hours to 1 week. As a method of attaching the metal compound to the carbide, any method other than the above, such as spraying an aqueous metal salt solution onto the carbide, can be used. Examples of the water-soluble metal salt include iron salts such as ferrous sulfate and ferrous chloride, copper sulfate, cobalt chloride, manganese sulfate, and nickel chloride. The ratio of the metal compound attached to 100 parts by weight of carbide is 0.1 to 20 parts by weight. When the adhesion ratio of the metal compound is less than 0.1 parts by weight, the hydrogen sulfide removal performance is low. The amount exceeding 20 parts by weight is technically difficult.
次に、本発明は、炭化物又は活性炭に、金属化合物とハロゲン化合物を添着した脱臭剤である。炭化物に金属酸化物を添着した脱臭剤に、更にハロゲン化合物を添着した脱臭剤である。金属化合物を添着した脱臭剤に、更にハロゲン化合物を添着することで、酸性臭気成分と、塩基性臭気成分と中性臭気成分が同時に１剤で脱臭可能である。酸性臭気成分は、金属化合物で、塩基性臭気成分と中性臭気成分はハロゲン化合物で脱臭できる。金属化合物は、中性から弱酸性で、従来の酸性臭気成分を除去するアルカリ添着活性炭に比べてその安全性は高い。ハロゲン化合物も、その反応ｐＨは弱酸性であるために、金属化合物とハロゲン化合物を共存させても、中和反応や酸化還元反応による添着薬剤の脱臭効果が低下するような問題が起きない。金属化合物を添着した脱臭剤は、悪臭ガスの主成分で代表的な臭気成分である硫化水素を除去でき、更に硫化水素以外の臭気成分を効果的に除去するための薬剤を共存させても何ら問題はない。硫化水素以外の臭気成分を効果的に除去するための薬剤は、中性臭気成分に対応するハロゲン化合物であったり、過マンガン酸塩などの酸化剤であったり、アルデヒド類除去のためのヒドラジン化合物であったり、添着薬剤による脱臭剤の基礎材料になるものである。 Next, the present invention is a deodorizer obtained by attaching a metal compound and a halogen compound to carbide or activated carbon. It is a deodorizer in which a halogen compound is further added to a deodorizer in which a metal oxide is added to a carbide. By further adding a halogen compound to the deodorant to which the metal compound is attached, the acidic odor component, the basic odor component and the neutral odor component can be simultaneously deodorized with one agent. The acidic odor component is a metal compound, and the basic odor component and the neutral odor component can be deodorized with a halogen compound. The metal compound is neutral to weakly acidic, and its safety is higher than that of a conventional alkali-impregnated activated carbon that removes acidic odor components. Since the reaction pH of the halogen compound is also weakly acidic, even if the metal compound and the halogen compound coexist, there is no problem that the deodorizing effect of the additive agent by the neutralization reaction or the oxidation-reduction reaction is lowered. A deodorant with a metal compound attached can remove hydrogen sulfide, which is a major component of malodorous gas and is a typical odor component, and can be used in combination with chemicals for effectively removing odor components other than hydrogen sulfide. No problem. Chemicals for effectively removing odorous components other than hydrogen sulfide are halogen compounds corresponding to neutral odorous components, oxidizing agents such as permanganate, and hydrazine compounds for removing aldehydes. It is also a basic material for deodorizers with adjuncts.
ハロゲン化合物は、塩素、臭素、ヨウ素などのハロゲンガスの他、ヨウ化塩、臭化水素水、塩素酸塩、臭素酸塩、ヨウ素酸塩、過塩素酸塩、次亜塩素酸塩、亜塩素酸塩、次亜塩素酸塩、安定化二酸化塩素である。ハロゲン化合物がガス体では、任意の方法が適用できるが、例えば乾燥状態の金属酸化物を添着した脱臭剤とハロゲンガスとを、密閉容器中で接触させて金属化合物を添着した脱臭剤に添着させる。
ハロゲン化合物がガス体以外なら、これらハロゲン化合物を所定濃度の水溶液に調製し、この水溶液に乾燥状態の金属化合物を添着した脱臭剤を浸漬させ、余分なハロゲン化合物水溶液を脱水分離することで製造する。１００℃以下で乾燥することも可能であるし、ハロゲン化合物が放散しないように自然に乾燥させることもできる。その他薬剤としては、アルデヒド類の除去に有効なヒドラジンやヒドラジン塩である。
Halogen compounds include halogen gas such as chlorine, bromine and iodine, as well as iodide, hydrobromide, chlorate, bromate, iodate, perchlorate, hypochlorite and chlorite. Acid salt, hypochlorite, stabilized chlorine dioxide. When the halogen compound is a gas body, any method can be applied. For example, a deodorant with a dry metal oxide and a halogen gas are brought into contact with each other in a sealed container and attached to the deodorant with the metal compound. .
If the halogen compound is other than a gas body, the halogen compound is prepared by preparing an aqueous solution of a predetermined concentration, immersing a deodorant with a metal compound in a dry state in this aqueous solution, and dehydrating and separating the excess halogen compound aqueous solution. . It is possible to dry at 100 ° C. or lower, and it is also possible to dry naturally so that the halogen compound does not dissipate. Other drugs include hydrazine and hydrazine salts that are effective in removing aldehydes.
また、本発明は、前記脱臭剤が、形状を球状とし、有効径が２〜１０ｍｍ、均等係数が１．４以下、ＢＥＴ比表面積が５００〜２０００ｍ２／ｇ、空隙率が４０〜６０％、固定炭素分が８０％以上であることとした。球状脱臭剤は、炭化物、好ましくは活性炭であることとした。均等係数が大きい方が、活性炭を充填用に充填したときに最密充填ができ、活性炭と悪臭ガスとの接触が良好で、臭気成分の除去効果が高まる。しかしながら、充填層の通気抵抗が高まり、充填層の閉塞が懸念される。このために、充填層に確実に悪臭ガスを通過させることで、通気抵抗を優先させると、均等係数が小さい方が有利である。均等係数１以下が製造上不可能であるので、実用的にはその値は、１．４以下である。 In the present invention, the deodorizer has a spherical shape, an effective diameter of 2 to 10 mm, a uniformity coefficient of 1.4 or less, a BET specific surface area of 500 to 2000 m 2 / g, a porosity of 40 to 60%, The fixed carbon content was 80% or more. The spherical deodorizer was a carbide, preferably activated carbon. When the uniformity coefficient is larger, close packing is possible when the activated carbon is filled for filling, the contact between the activated carbon and the malodorous gas is good, and the effect of removing odor components is enhanced. However, the ventilation resistance of the filling layer is increased, and there is a concern about the blockage of the filling layer. For this reason, it is advantageous to make the uniformity coefficient smaller if priority is given to the ventilation resistance by reliably passing malodorous gas through the packed bed. Since a uniformity coefficient of 1 or less is impossible in production, the value is practically 1.4 or less.
また、球状脱臭剤を充填する際、又は脱臭剤を充填塔から取り出す際に球状であることにより、交換時に取り残してしまう残渣量を減らすことができ、交換時の効率化を図ることができる。活性炭製造時のバインダーに有機系樹脂物質を使用することで、固定炭素分８０％以上と高くでき、活性炭の微細な細孔を多数有する球状活性炭が製造できる。微細な細孔を多数有する球状活性炭のために、５００〜２０００ｍ２／ｇのＢＥＴ比表面積が得られる。ＢＥＴ比表面積が大きい方が、吸着能力が高く、且つ、臭気成分を除去する薬剤の添着時に細孔を閉塞させることなしに、多量の薬剤を活性炭内部に保持できる。 Further, when the spherical deodorant is charged or when the deodorant is taken out from the packed tower, the amount of the residue left behind at the time of replacement can be reduced, and the efficiency at the time of replacement can be improved. By using an organic resin material as a binder during the production of activated carbon, the fixed carbon content can be as high as 80% or more, and a spherical activated carbon having many fine pores of activated carbon can be produced. Due to the spherical activated carbon having a large number of fine pores, a BET specific surface area of 500 to 2000 m 2 / g is obtained. The larger the BET specific surface area, the higher the adsorption ability, and a larger amount of the drug can be held inside the activated carbon without clogging the pores when the drug for removing the odor component is attached.
さらに、本発明は、前記脱臭剤の少なくとも１つと、悪臭ガスとを接触せしめて、悪臭ガス中の臭気成分を除去することを特徴とする脱臭方法である。図１に、活性炭脱臭装置の概念図を示す。一般の活性炭でも、添着活性炭でも、悪臭ガスと活性炭充填層で接触させて、悪臭ガスの臭気成分を活性炭に吸着、あるいは活性炭に添着された薬剤と反応除去される。臭気成分が除去された被処理ガスが、処理ガスとして大気に放出、又は、次工程に送られる。図２に、３種類の活性炭を充填した３層式活性炭脱臭装置の概念図を示す。悪臭ガスの各臭気成分をそれぞれに対応した添着活性炭で除去、脱臭するものである。本発明の脱臭剤を図１の活性炭脱臭装置のような１つの充填層を形成する脱臭装置、又は１つの充填層であるカートリッジで形成する脱臭装置に充填し悪臭ガスを脱臭するものである。 Furthermore, the present invention is a deodorizing method characterized in that at least one of the deodorizers is brought into contact with malodorous gas to remove odorous components in the malodorous gas. In FIG. 1, the conceptual diagram of an activated carbon deodorizing apparatus is shown. In general activated carbon or impregnated activated carbon, the malodorous gas is brought into contact with the activated carbon packed bed, and the odorous component of the malodorous gas is adsorbed on the activated carbon or removed by reaction with the chemical adhering to the activated carbon. The to-be-processed gas from which the odor component is removed is released into the atmosphere as a processing gas or sent to the next step. FIG. 2 shows a conceptual diagram of a three-layer activated carbon deodorizing apparatus filled with three types of activated carbon. Each odor component of the malodorous gas is removed and deodorized by the corresponding activated carbon. The deodorizing agent of the present invention is filled in a deodorizing apparatus that forms one packed bed, such as the activated carbon deodorizing apparatus in FIG. 1, or a deodorizing apparatus that is formed by a cartridge that is one packed bed to deodorize malodorous gases.
図３に、本発明の脱臭剤を充填した脱臭装置の概念図を示す。本発明の脱臭剤カートリッジ、又は充填層を形成した脱臭装置で悪臭ガスを脱臭する。図４に、多段に本発明の脱臭剤を充填した脱臭装置の概念図を示す。本発明の脱臭剤カートリッジＡ、Ｂ、Ｃの３段により脱臭剤カートリッジ、又は充填層を形成した活性炭脱臭装置で悪臭ガスを脱臭する。脱臭剤カートリッジＡ、Ｂ、Ｃは、それぞれ本発明の脱臭剤であっても、脱臭剤カートリッジＡ、Ｂ、Ｃのいずれかが同一の脱臭剤であっても良い。脱臭剤カートリッジＡ、Ｂ、Ｃの各々の充填層高さや、全体の充填層高さは、悪臭ガスの臭気成分濃度と種類、更に臭気規制により決定される。脱臭剤カートリッジＡ、Ｂ、Ｃの脱臭剤が同じ場合には、悪臭ガス流入部に近い脱臭剤カートリッジＣが先に破過するので、脱臭剤カートリッジＢを元の脱臭剤カートリッジＣの位置に移動し、新品の脱臭剤カートリッジを元の脱臭剤カートリッジＡの位置に挿入する。 In FIG. 3, the conceptual diagram of the deodorizing apparatus filled with the deodorizing agent of this invention is shown. The malodorous gas is deodorized by the deodorizing agent cartridge of the present invention or the deodorizing device having a packed layer. In FIG. 4, the conceptual diagram of the deodorizing apparatus filled with the deodorizing agent of this invention in multiple stages is shown. The malodorous gas is deodorized by the deodorizer cartridge or the activated carbon deodorization apparatus in which the packed layer is formed by the three stages of the deodorizer cartridges A, B and C of the present invention. The deodorizer cartridges A, B, and C may be the deodorizer of the present invention, respectively, or any of the deodorizer cartridges A, B, and C may be the same deodorizer. The packed bed height of each of the deodorizer cartridges A, B, and C, and the total packed bed height are determined by the odor component concentration and type of the odor gas, and the odor regulation. If the deodorizer cartridges A, B, and C have the same deodorizer, the deodorizer cartridge C close to the odor gas inflow portion breaks through first, so the deodorizer cartridge B is moved to the original deodorizer cartridge C position. Then, a new deodorant cartridge is inserted into the original deodorant cartridge A.
実施例１
薬剤を添着した活性炭を少なくとも２種類混合する脱臭剤
図５は、本発明の実施例１で使用した脱臭装置の概念図である。内径１５０ｍｍ、高さ１８００ｍｍの塩化ビニル製の試験カラムを３塔使用し、空塔線速度ＬＶ ０．３ｍ／秒、空塔速度ＳＶ １０００ｈ−１で連続試験した。図５に示すように、以下の脱臭剤Ａ〜Ｃ単独又は複数混合したものを、１つの充填層に９００ｍｍ充填し、市販の標準ガスと相対湿度８０％の空気でアンモニア１ｐｐｍ、硫化水素２ｐｐｍ、硫化メチル１ｐｐｍ、二硫化メチル１ｐｐｍに調製した模擬ガスを原ガスとして、２０〜２５℃で試験に供した。
（１）脱臭剤Ａ：有効径３．５ｍｍ、均等係数１．４の球状活性炭（荏原製作所製エバダイヤＡＧ−２１０）に１００重量部あたり１０重量部の苛性ソーダを添着したもの。
（２）脱臭剤Ｂ：脱臭剤Ａの苛性ソーダの代わりに１０重童部の硫酸を添着したもの。
（３）脱臭剤Ｃ：脱臭剤Ａの苛性ソーダの代わりに１０重量部の臭化水素を添着したもの。
処理ガスの各臭気成分が１臭気成分でも以下の濃度を超えるまでの日数を破過日数とし、各脱臭剤の性能を評価した。アンモニア０．５ｐｐｍ、硫化水素０．０１ｐｐｍ、硫化メチル０．０１ｐｐｍ、二硫化メチル０．０１ｐｐｍ表１に各脱臭剤の破過日数を示す。中性ガス用添着活性炭である脱臭剤Ｃの混合割合を増やすことで破過日数が増加した。
Example 1
FIG. 5 is a conceptual diagram of a deodorizing apparatus used in Example 1 of the present invention. Three test columns made of vinyl chloride having an inner diameter of 150 mm and a height of 1800 mm were used, and a continuous test was performed at a superficial linear velocity of LV 0.3 m / sec and a superficial velocity of SV 1000 h −1 . As shown in FIG. 5, one of the following deodorizers A to C or a mixture of a plurality of them was filled in 900 mm in one packed bed, and 1 ppm of ammonia, 2 ppm of hydrogen sulfide with air of a standard gas and a relative humidity of 80%, A simulated gas prepared to 1 ppm of methyl sulfide and 1 ppm of methyl disulfide was used as a raw gas and subjected to a test at 20 to 25 ° C.
(1) Deodorant A: Spherical activated carbon having an effective diameter of 3.5 mm and a uniformity coefficient of 1.4 (Evadia AG-210 manufactured by Ebara Seisakusho Co., Ltd.) with 10 parts by weight of caustic soda per 100 parts by weight.
(2) Deodorant B: Deodorant A in which 10 parts of sulfuric acid was added instead of caustic soda.
(3) Deodorant C: Deodorant A in which 10 parts by weight of hydrogen bromide was added instead of caustic soda.
The number of days until each odor component of the process gas exceeds the following concentration even if it is one odor component was defined as the number of breakthrough days, and the performance of each deodorant was evaluated. Ammonia 0.5 ppm, hydrogen sulfide 0.01 ppm, methyl sulfide 0.01 ppm, methyl disulfide 0.01 ppm Table 1 shows the number of breakthrough days for each deodorant. The number of breakthrough days increased by increasing the mixing ratio of deodorant C, which is an activated carbon for neutral gas.
比較例１
図６は比較例１で使用した脱臭装置の概念図である。
実施例１の３種類の脱臭剤、又は２種類の脱臭剤をそれぞれ単独の充填層を形成させて、図６に示すように、積層状に充填し、実施例１と同様に試験した。原ガスの通過順序は、脱臭剤ＡからＢ，Ｃとした。
表２に各脱臭剤を混合せずに充填した場合の破過日数を示す。それぞれ単独の充填層を形成させても、実施例１のように混合して充填しても破過日数に差は見られなかった。
Comparative Example 1
FIG. 6 is a conceptual diagram of the deodorizing apparatus used in Comparative Example 1.
Each of the three types of deodorizers of Example 1 or two types of deodorizers was formed as a single packed layer, filled in a laminate as shown in FIG. 6, and tested in the same manner as in Example 1. The order of passage of the raw gas was deodorizer A to B, C.
Table 2 shows the number of breakthrough days when each deodorant is filled without being mixed. There was no difference in the number of breakthrough days even when each of the individual packed layers was formed or mixed and filled as in Example 1.
実施例２
薬剤を添着した活性炭と鉄系脱硫剤を混合する脱臭
実施例１の添着活性炭である、脱臭剤Ａ〜Ｃと脱硫剤（エバソープＳ、荏原製作所製）を混合したものを実施例１の装置に充填して脱臭試験を行った。鉄系脱硫剤を粉砕し、実施例１の添着活性炭の粒径に調整したものを試験に用いた。表３に各脱臭剤の破過日数を示す。
Example 2
Deodorization in which activated carbon impregnated with chemicals and iron-based desulfurizing agent are mixed The deodorizing agents A to C and desulfurizing agent (Eva Soap S, manufactured by Ebara Seisakusho Co., Ltd.), which are the impregnated activated carbons of Example 1, are used in the apparatus of Example 1. A deodorization test was conducted after filling. The iron-based desulfurization agent was pulverized and adjusted to the particle size of the impregnated activated carbon of Example 1 was used for the test. Table 3 shows the breakthrough days of each deodorant.
比較例２
実施例１の３種類又は２種類の脱臭剤Ａ〜Ｃと実施例２の脱硫剤をそれぞれ単独の充填層を形成させて、比較例１と同様に試験した。原ガスの通過順序は、鉄系脱硫剤から脱臭剤Ａ、Ｂ、Ｃとした。表４に各脱臭剤を混合せずに充填した場合の破過日数を示す。それぞれ単独の充填層を形成させても、実施例２のように混合して充填しても破過日数に差は見られなかった。
Comparative Example 2
Three types or two types of deodorizing agents A to C of Example 1 and the desulfurizing agent of Example 2 were each formed as a single packed bed and tested in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1. The order of passage of the raw gases was changed from the iron-based desulfurizing agent to the deodorizing agents A, B, and C. Table 4 shows the number of breakthrough days when each deodorant is filled without being mixed. There was no difference in the number of breakthrough days even when each of the individual packed layers was formed or mixed and filled as in Example 2.
実施例３
以下の脱臭剤Ｄ〜Ｆ単独又は複数混合したものを実施例１の装置に充填して脱臭試験を行った。
（１）脱臭剤Ｄ：有効径３．５ｍｍ、均等係数１．４の球状活性炭（荏原製作所製エバダイヤＡＧ−２１０）に１００重量部あたり１０重量部の苛性ソーダを添着したもの
（２）脱臭剤Ｅ：脱臭剤Ｄの苛性ソーダの代わりに１０重量部の硫酸を添着したもの
（３）脱臭剤Ｆ：脱臭剤Ｄの苛性ソーダの代わりに１０重量部の臭化水素を添着したもの
表５に各脱臭剤の破過日数を示す。
実施例１の破砕状活性炭と比較して破過日数に差は見られなかった。
The apparatus of Example 1 was filled with the following deodorizers D to F alone or in combination, and a deodorization test was performed.
(1) Deodorant D: Spherical activated carbon having an effective diameter of 3.5 mm and a uniformity coefficient of 1.4 (Evadia AG-210 manufactured by Ebara Seisakusho Co., Ltd.) with 10 parts by weight of caustic soda per 100 parts by weight (2) Deodorant E : 10 parts by weight sulfuric acid in place of caustic soda of deodorant D (3) Deodorant F: 10 parts by weight of hydrogen bromide in place of caustic soda in deodorant D Indicates the number of days of breakthrough.
Compared with the crushed activated carbon of Example 1, there was no difference in the number of breakthrough days.
実施例４
炭化物に金属酸化物を添着した脱臭剤
炭化物は、破砕状活性炭（荏原製作所製エバダイヤＡＧ−１００）と市販の木炭で、破砕状活性炭そのまま、木炭は破砕して有効径３．５ｍｍ、均等係数１．４になるようにフルイでフルイ分けした。炭化物に金属酸化物を添着した脱臭剤は、１０重量％の硫酸第１鉄水溶液２０リットルに炭化物１０リットルを約１５分間浸漬させた後、３日間風乾することにより、鉄酸化物添着炭化物を製造した。同様に硫酸銅により銅酸化物添着炭化物を製造した。鉄酸化物添着炭化物の酸化鉄含有率は５重量％で、銅酸化物添着炭化物の酸化銅含有率は６重量％であった。実施例１の装置を用いて、市販の標準ガスと相対湿度８０％の空気でアンモニア１ｐｐｍ、硫化水素２ｐｐｍに調製した模擬ガスを原ガスとして、２０〜２５℃で試験に供し、実施例１と同様に試験した。表６に経過日数と処理ガスの臭気成分濃度を示す。鉄酸化物添着炭化物と銅酸化物添着炭化物は、実施例１の脱臭剤Ａのアルカリ添着活性炭と同様に６ヶ月経過しても硫化水素除去性能が維持できた。
Example 4
Deodorizer carbide with metal oxide added to carbide is crushed activated carbon (Evadia AG-100 manufactured by Ebara Seisakusho) and commercially available charcoal. .4. A deodorizer with a metal oxide impregnated with carbide is produced by immersing 10 liter of carbide in 20 liters of 10% by weight ferrous sulfate aqueous solution for about 15 minutes, and then air-drying for 3 days to produce an iron oxide-impregnated carbide. did. Similarly, a copper oxide-impregnated carbide was produced from copper sulfate. The iron oxide-containing carbide had an iron oxide content of 5% by weight, and the copper oxide-added carbide had a copper oxide content of 6% by weight. Using the apparatus of Example 1, a test gas was prepared at a temperature of 20 to 25 ° C. using a commercially available standard gas and an air having a relative humidity of 80% as a raw gas and prepared as 1 ppm ammonia and 2 ppm hydrogen sulfide. The same test was performed. Table 6 shows the number of days elapsed and the odor component concentration of the processing gas. The iron oxide-added carbide and the copper oxide-added carbide were able to maintain the hydrogen sulfide removal performance even after 6 months, similar to the alkali-added activated carbon of the deodorizer A of Example 1.
実施例５
炭化物に金属酸化物とハロゲン化合物を添着した脱臭剤。
実施例４の鉄酸化物添着炭化物（破砕状活性炭原料）１００重量部あたり以下の薬剤を添加した脱臭剤で、実施例１と同様に試験した。
（１）脱臭剤Ｇ：鉄酸化物添着炭化物を臭化水素水に浸漬させて、臭化水素を１０重量部の添着したもの
（２）脱臭剤Ｈ：鉄酸化物添着炭化物をヨウ化カリウム水溶液に浸漬させて、ヨウ化カリウムを１０重量部の添着したもの
（３）脱臭剤Ｉ：鉄酸化物添着炭化物をヨウ素−ヨウ化カリウム水溶液に浸漬させて、ヨウ素とヨウ化カリウムを合計１０重量部の添着したもの
（４）脱臭剤Ｊ：脱臭剤Ｈにリン酸を３重量部の添着したもの
（５）脱臭剤Ｋ：脱臭剤１にリン酸を３重量部の添着したもの
表７に各脱臭剤の破過日数を示す。
Example 5
Deodorizer with metal oxide and halogen compound added to carbide.
The test was conducted in the same manner as in Example 1 with the deodorizer to which the following chemicals were added per 100 parts by weight of the iron oxide-impregnated carbide (crushed activated carbon raw material) of Example 4.
(1) Deodorizer G: Iron oxide-impregnated carbide is immersed in hydrogen bromide water and 10 parts by weight of hydrogen bromide is added. (2) Deodorizer H: Iron oxide-added carbide is potassium iodide aqueous solution. (3) Deodorizer I: Iron oxide-impregnated carbide was immersed in an iodine-potassium iodide aqueous solution to total 10 parts by weight of iodine and potassium iodide. (4) Deodorant J: Deodorant H with 3 parts by weight of phosphoric acid (5) Deodorant K: Deodorant 1 with 3 parts by weight of phosphoric acid Indicates the number of days for deodorant breakthrough.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2007111649A (en) * | 2005-10-21 | 2007-05-10 | Toshiba Corp | Method for treating gas caused by sludge char and apparatus therefor |
| JP2012011281A (en) * | 2010-06-29 | 2012-01-19 | Cataler Corp | Combined odor deodorant |
| CN116571072A (en) * | 2023-07-12 | 2023-08-11 | 生态环境部华南环境科学研究所(生态环境部生态环境应急研究所) | Malodorous waste gas water-based composite absorbent and preparation method and application thereof |
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2003
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2007111649A (en) * | 2005-10-21 | 2007-05-10 | Toshiba Corp | Method for treating gas caused by sludge char and apparatus therefor |
| JP2012011281A (en) * | 2010-06-29 | 2012-01-19 | Cataler Corp | Combined odor deodorant |
| CN116571072A (en) * | 2023-07-12 | 2023-08-11 | 生态环境部华南环境科学研究所(生态环境部生态环境应急研究所) | Malodorous waste gas water-based composite absorbent and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN116571072B (en) * | 2023-07-12 | 2023-11-07 | 生态环境部华南环境科学研究所(生态环境部生态环境应急研究所) | Malodorous waste gas water-based composite absorbent and preparation method and application thereof |
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