JP2005052183A - Body pressure dispersing mat and posture holding device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a mat for an operating table having a body pressure dispersing action and a body pressure dispersing type posture holding device to be used in a medical, welfare and care filed. <P>SOLUTION: This body pressure dispersing mat 10 comprises a body formed of a viscoelastic gel substance G and a film F covering it; and a bottom E formed of an elastomer having hardness higher than the gel viscoelastic body. This body pressure dispersing mat and the posture holding device are formed of the body pressure dispersing body described in the claim 2 wherein the viscoelastic body has a thickness of 5-30 mm and 25% compressive stress of 10-90 kPa; the film has a thickness of 0.05-0.2 mm, its tensile strength of 50-100 MPa, an elongation percentage of 450-800 %, and tear strength of 100-200 N/m; and the elastomer has the thickness of 1-6 mm and JIS-A hardness of 5-50. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

【００３１】
ここで、比較例９のものは、仙骨部圧力が高く体圧分散性がよくなかった。
実施例５、６および比較例１０〜１３
実施例１におけると同様のポリウレタンゲル、ポリウレタンフィルムおよびポリウレタンエラストマーを用いて、頭部用の体位保持具（図１ａ）および人体側部用の体位保持具（図１ｃ）をそれぞれ作製した（表２参照）。ここで、頭部保持具の形状は、外径２０ｃｍ、内径１５ｃｍおよびゲル厚み４５ｃｍおよび底部厚み３ｃｍであり、人体側部用の体位保持具の形状は、長さ３０ｃｍ、ゲル厚み（最大部）７．５ｃｍおよび底部厚み５ｃｍとした。これらの体位保持具を、実使用で評価した結果を表２に示す。実施例５および６のものは、いずれも使い勝手がよく、体圧分散性が良好で褥瘡の発生がなく、耐久性においても優れたものであった。比較例１０〜１３のものは、被術者の固定性が不良であった。
【００３２】
【表２】

【００３３】
【発明の効果】
本発明の体圧分散体は、長時間にわたり使用しても褥瘡の発生が認められず、耐久性と使い勝手が優れたものである。例えば、手術台用マットとして使用するとき、手術中の被施術者の褥瘡が防止され、しかも柔らかすぎないので施術者の固定性がよく手術に支障をきたす恐れがない。また、手術に伴う血液や体液による汚染があっても直ちに除去しやすく、かつ耐久性（とりわけ、損傷を受けることの多い底部耐久性）においても優れたものである。また、整形外科あるいは外科の医療分野や、福祉介護分野において、人体の各部を保持するための体位保持具としても、固定性がよく、褥瘡の発生がなく、使い勝手のよいものである。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】体位保持具の形状例を示す。
【図２】本発明の手術台用マットの作製工程例を示す。
【符号の説明】
１０ 体圧分散体
Ｋ 金型
Ｓ 真空ポンプ吸引口
Ｆ 被覆フィルム
Ｇ 粘弾性ゲル状物質
Ｆ エラストマー（底部）[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a body pressure dispersion mat such as an operating table mat for preventing pressure ulcers of a subject during surgery or a body position holder for fixing a part of the subject.
[0002]
[Prior art]
It is known that a body pressure dispersion mat is useful for obtaining a comfortable sleeping and sitting comfort, and for preventing pressure ulcers. Pressure ulcers indicate that when the patient is supine for a long time, the body is locally compressed and blood flow in the capillaries is blocked, and the cells at the compression site (mainly bone bulges) are locally necrotic. Say. Pressure ulcer prevention is a major problem for the medical industry, and there is a high demand for a more effective body pressure distribution mat to prevent the body from being subjected to local pressure. Further, in the orthopedic or surgical field, there is a demand for a body position holder that holds and fixes a body or a part of a subject during surgery with good holding ability and good body pressure dispersibility.
[0003]
There have been proposed several molded bodies related to body pressure dispersions such as body pressure dispersion mats and body position holders, and examples include those described in the following patent documents.
In Patent Document 1, a concave portion is provided in a portion corresponding to the waist peripheral region in a supine posture with respect to a base material such as a soft urethane foam of a mattress, and the viscosity is lowered at a predetermined temperature or more in the concave portion to cause fluidity. In addition, a cushioning material is disclosed that directly fills a thermoplastic material having increased viscosity at room temperature and has viscoelasticity, and covers the surface with a covering material to form a cushioning part. In Patent Document 2, a gel material coated with a skin material made of a gel material elastomer film and a low rebound foam material are laminated, and the gel material is at least a polymer hollow body or a polymer foam. A pad / cushion material obtained by crosslinking a liquid polymer containing one kind of filler, a plasticizer, and a crosslinking agent is disclosed.
[0004]
Patent Document 3 includes a base material and a cushion material, and a soft urethane foam alone or a soft urethane foam laminate formed by adhering a surface material on the side in contact with the body is formed with irregularities with a substantially constant thickness. The recess on the back side of the heat compression molded product is filled with a thermoplastic material having a high viscosity at room temperature and viscoelasticity, and having a viscosity lower than a predetermined temperature and fluidity. The cushion material laminated | stacked in the position where the convex part of the surface side of the said cushion part contacts a user's body is disclosed. Patent Document 4 discloses that a pressure-accuracy prevention mat formed of a silicone gel material in the middle of the pressure-receiving cross-sectional direction of the foam mat material is compared with that of the foam mat material alone by the pressure-optimization portion. Gives the entire body a so-called “koshi” that can maintain a suitable posture in the supine position and eliminate excessive pressure concentrations that induce pressure ulcers, and can cause bed rubs that may occur in bedridden patients Or it is disclosed that the effect of preventing pressure ulcer symptoms is enhanced. In Patent Document 5, a base portion made of a soft foam material and a viscoelastic portion in which thick layer portions and thin layer portions are alternately arranged are laminated on the base portion, and these are covered with a covering material. In addition, a mattress member has been proposed in which a concave space is formed in a base portion located below the thin layer portion.
[0005]
Examples of the body position holder for holding and fixing the body position and body part of a subject during surgery in the orthopedic or surgical field include those disclosed in Patent Document 6 or Patent Document 7, for example.
[0006]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-299591 (summary, claim 1 etc.)
[Patent Document 2]
JP 2001-198995 A (Claim 1, FIG. 1, etc.)
[Patent Document 3]
Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2000-37265 (summary, claim 1, etc.)
[Patent Document 4]
JP 2002-78757 A (summary, claims 1 to 3)
[Patent Document 5]
JP 2002-315656 A (summary, claim 1, FIG. 2 etc.)
[Patent Document 6]
JP 2000-512255 A (Abstract, Claims 1 to 5, FIG. 1)
[Patent Document 7]
JP 2002-325785 A (summary, claims 1 to 10, FIG. 1)
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Although the above-mentioned patent documents disclose materials and structures related to body pressure dispersion mats, etc., consideration is not given to the durability of the bottom portion which is insufficient in durability and particularly susceptible to damage. The application target is mainly a bedridden patient, and no other application, such as application to an operating table mat that involves contamination with blood or body fluids, has been taken. Moreover, although designed for the purpose of dispersion of body pressure, it is too soft to fix the subject and is not suitable for use as an operating table mat.
Furthermore, since the body posture holders disclosed in Patent Documents 6 and 7 are deformed corresponding to individual subjects, durability is not considered and manufacturing cost is considered high.
[0008]
Accordingly, the object of the present invention is to improve the durability of the bottom part in particular, eliminate the sliding from the operating table, and take measures against blood and body fluids associated with the operation, while being covered with good body pressure dispersibility. An object of the present invention is to provide an operating table mat capable of fixing an operator or a body position holder for medical use.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present inventors provide the following body pressure dispersion mat and body position holding tool.
That is, the body pressure dispersion mat of the present invention is a body pressure dispersion mat comprising a viscoelastic gel-like substance and a film surrounding the body, and a bottom made of an elastomer having a higher hardness than the gel-like viscoelastic body. The viscoelastic gel material has a thickness of 5 to 30 mm and a 25% compressive stress of 10 to 90 kPa, and the film has a thickness of 0.05 to 0.2 mm and a tensile strength of 50 to 50 mm. 3. The thickness is 100 MPa, the elongation is 450 to 800%, the tear strength is 100 to 200 N / m, and the elastomer has a thickness of 1 to 6 mm and a JIS-A hardness of 5 to 50. It is comprised by the body pressure dispersion body of description.
[0010]
In one embodiment of the body pressure dispersion mat, the gel-like viscoelastic body is a thermosetting polyurethane gel, the film is a thermoplastic polyurethane film, and the elastomer is a thermosetting polyurethane elastomer. It is characterized by.
One embodiment of the body pressure dispersion mat is an operating table mat.
[0011]
The body position holder of the present invention is a body position holder comprising a main body from a viscoelastic gel-like substance and a film surrounding it, and a bottom made of an elastomer having a higher hardness than the gel-like viscoelastic body, The viscoelastic gel material has a thickness of 30 to 200 mm and a 25% compressive stress of 10 to 90 kPa, and the film has a thickness of 0.05 to 0.2 mm and a tensile strength of 50 to 100 MPa. The elongation is 450 to 800%, the tear strength is 100 to 200 N / m, and the elastomer has a thickness of 1 to 6 mm and a JIS-A hardness of 5 to 50. .
[0012]
In the present invention, the 25% compressive stress of the gel-like viscoelastic body is measured according to the method defined in JIS K7181, and refers to the stress value when a 25% strain is applied. The tensile strength and elongation of the film are values measured according to the method specified in JIS K7181, and the tear strength is a value measured according to the method specified in JIS K7128-3.
In the following description, the body pressure dispersion mat and the body position holder may be collectively referred to as body pressure dispersion.
[0013]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The body pressure dispersion of the present invention is composed of a viscoelastic gel-like substance and a film surrounding the body, and a bottom made of an elastomer having a higher hardness than the gel-like viscoelastic body. Here, the bottom means the side to be placed on an operating table, bed or treatment table when using the body pressure dispersion.
The viscoelastic gel-like substance refers to a substance in which a network polymer is swollen with water or oil or a similar jelly-like substance, and is usually made of a synthetic resin. Therefore, it is different from, for example, a foaming elastic body.
[0014]
Examples of the material for the gel viscoelastic material include polyurethane, silicone, polystyrene, polyester, vinyl acetate copolymer, polyvinyl chloride, and neoprene. Among these, a thermosetting polyurethane gel is particularly preferably used. The polyurethane gel is obtained by heat-curing a mixture of polyol and isocyanate. Examples of the polyol include a difunctional and / or trifunctional polyol alone or a mixture of two or more, and / or a prepolymer containing a hydroxyl group (OH) at the terminal. For example, polyether polyols, polyester polyols, polycarbonate polyols, polybutadiene polyols, and the like can be mentioned. In particular, use of polyether-based polyols is preferable because flexibility and restorability are good. Examples of the isocyanate include polyisocyanate compounds and derivatives thereof and / or prepolymers having an isocyanate group (NCO) at the terminal. Examples include, but are not limited to, MDI, TDI, IPDI, HDI, HMDI, PPDI, or XDI. The polyurethane gel having the 25% compressive stress range specified above can be obtained, for example, by appropriately adjusting the NCO / OH blending equivalent.
Usually, NCO / OH = about 0.5 to 1.2, but in order to give flexibility without adding a softener, a plasticizer, oil, etc., NCO / OH = 0.7 to 0.00. 9 is preferred. Generally, softeners, plasticizers, oils and the like are often used to impart flexibility, but these additives may bleed out and are preferably not added to the mat material intended in the present invention. .
[0015]
Examples of the coating film in the body pressure dispersion of the present invention include synthetic resin films such as polyurethane, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyester, PET, PBT, and nylon. Among these, a polyurethane film is preferably used because it can easily obtain the above-mentioned mechanical properties, is flexible and stretchable, and has good durability. For the purpose of wrapping the viscoelastic gel material, the film needs to have a property that the viscoelastic gel material cannot pass through. In particular, when the viscoelastic gel-like substance is made of a two-component curable polyurethane, silicone rubber, or the like, it is preferable to select a film that cannot pass through not only after curing but also before curing. When thermosetting polyurethane is used as the viscoelastic gel-like substance, if polyurethane is used as the film, the adhesiveness between the two is good and the problem of peelability does not occur.
[0016]
In the body pressure dispersion of the present invention, the elastomer constituting the bottom part is deformed by an external force such as elongation, compression, shear, etc., but has the property of returning to its original shape and dimensions when the external force is removed. Say. The hardness of the elastomer needs to be higher than that of the gel-like viscoelastic body constituting the main body of the body pressure dispersion. The hardness is usually in the range of JIS-A hardness 5-50, whereas the hardness of the viscoelastic gel-like substance is from a soft one exceeding the measurement limit of JIS-A hardness to less than JIS-A hardness 5. Use things.
[0017]
Examples of the material for the elastomer include polyurethane elastomer and polyester elastomer, and polyurethane elastomer is preferably used because it is particularly excellent in wear resistance and flexibility. Moreover, since adhesiveness with the said polyurethane gel or a polyurethane film is favorable, it is preferable to use in combination with these. Furthermore, from the viewpoint of ease of production, a two-component curable polyurethane elastomer is preferable. In particular, a polyurethane elastomer in which a prepolymer is cured with a curing agent is preferable because it cures quickly and has high productivity.
Examples of the polyisocyanate and polyol used are the same as those for the polyurethane gel. If desired, a curing catalyst, an anti-aging agent, a filler or an antifoaming agent may be added. Usually, it is manufactured at a ratio of NCO / OH = 1.0 ± 0.2.
[0018]
In the body pressure dispersion of the present invention, in each of the constituent materials as described above, the viscoelastic gel substance is a thermosetting polyurethane gel, the film is a thermoplastic polyurethane film, and the elastomer is thermosetting. A combination that is a polyurethane elastomer is the most preferred embodiment.
Next, a body pressure dispersion mat and a body posture holder that are configured using the body pressure dispersion of the present invention will be described.
[0019]
In the body pressure dispersion mat of the present invention, the viscoelastic gel substance has a thickness of 5 to 30 mm, a 25% compression stress of 10 to 60 kPa, and the film has a thickness of 0.05 to 0.2 mm. The tensile strength is 50 to 100 MPa, the elongation is 450 to 800%, the tear strength is 100 to 200 N / m, and the elastomer has a thickness of 1 to 6 mm and a JIS-A hardness of 5 to 5. 50.
The viscoelastic gel material is made of polyurethane gel, and has a thickness of 5 to 30 mm and a 25% compressive stress of 10 so that the mat has a function of dispersing body pressure and has an effect of preventing pressure ulcers. Those in the range of ~ 60 kPa are selected. When this range of compressive stress is not reached, it is too soft, for example, when used as a mat for an operating table, it becomes difficult to fix the subject and the operation is hindered. The purpose of body pressure distribution cannot be achieved. Also, if the thickness of the viscoelastic gel-like substance does not reach 5 mm, it is too thin to obtain the effect of dispersion of body pressure, causing a phenomenon called so-called bottoming. On the other hand, if it exceeds 30 mm, it becomes heavy on a large mat Both are not preferred. In the present invention, in particular, a viscoelastic gel material having a thickness of 5 to 30 mm and a 25% compressive stress of 15 to 40 kPa is preferably used.
[0020]
The coated film has a thickness of 0.05 to 0.2 mm, a tensile strength of 50 to 100 MPa, an elongation of 450 to 800%, and a tear strength of 100 to 200 N / m. . When the thickness of the film does not reach the above range, the film is easily torn and the durability is deteriorated. The thickness of the film is more preferably 0.08 to 0.15 mm in the above range. If the tensile strength, elongation, and tear strength of the film do not reach the above ranges, they are easily torn and inferior in durability. Conversely, if the film exceeds the above ranges, the body cannot be freely deformed along the body when used as a mat. The pressure dispersion force decreases, and when it is deformed, it easily breaks, causing a problem in durability. The surface of the film is preferably smooth, which makes it easier to wipe off blood and body fluids when used as an operating table mat, for example.
[0021]
The elastomer constituting the bottom part preferably has a JIS-A hardness of 5 to 50 as described above. When this hardness is not reached, when used as an operating table mat, it is too soft and easily damaged, which is not sufficient from the viewpoint of improving the durability of the bottom, and is slippery from the operating table and lacks stability. On the other hand, when the hardness exceeds 50, the body pressure dispersibility is deteriorated, and the mat is rolled up, which is inconvenient to carry and easy to use.
[0022]
The thickness of the elastomer is preferably in the range of 1 to 6 mm, and more preferably in the range of 2 to 5 mm. When the thickness does not reach 1 mm, the thickness variation at the time of production increases and the durability of the thin part decreases, and when it exceeds 6 mm, the pressure dispersibility deteriorates, and it becomes difficult to round during storage and transportation. It may not be easy to use, such as becoming heavier.
The shape of the body pressure dispersion mat of the present invention is designed according to the purpose of use. For example, the body pressure dispersion mat has a lateral width similar to the width of the operating table with respect to the length and the length. Adjust according to the shape of the operating table. Usually, it is often used as a rectangle having a lateral width of 450 to 550 mm and a length of about 20 to 2000 mm. The body pressure dispersion mat of the present invention is suitable as an operating table mat, but can also be used in a bed or the like in a home or hospital room.
[0023]
In the body posture holder of the present invention, the viscoelastic gel-like substance has a thickness of 30 to 200 mm, its 25% compressive stress is 10 to 90 kPa, and the film has a thickness of 0.05 to 0.2 mm. The tensile strength is 50 to 100 MPa, the elongation is 450 to 800%, the tear strength is 100 to 200 N / m, and the elastomer has a thickness of 1 to 6 mm and a JIS-A hardness of 5 to 5. 50 body pressure dispersion. The thickness of the viscoelastic gel material is increased to 30 to 200 mm as compared with the body pressure dispersion mat, but the other properties are the same. By setting the thickness of the viscoelastic gel-like substance within this range, the target human body part can be stably held and the usability is good.
[0024]
When this posture holder is required to fix or support the human body posture during or after surgery in the medical field such as orthopedic surgery or surgery, or when holding or supporting the sitting position in the welfare field It is used for. The shape can be variously selected according to the part to be fixed and the purpose. Examples of these shapes are shown in FIG. The C-shaped (or U-shaped) of FIG. 1a or the O-shaped of FIG. 1b is an example of a holder for fixing the head, and the kamaboko-shaped of FIG. 1c fixes the side of the human body. It is an example of a holder for doing. In order to fix a human body side part, what was shape | molded in the L shape besides this is also often used. FIG. 1d shows an example of a holding tool for fixing the heel. In addition to these, for example, when the elbow or knee is fixed, the shape to be fitted may be selected. The shape of the part that comes into contact with the human body in the body posture holder is rounded so as to eliminate sharpness. If there is a sharp point, the pressure concentrates on it, and the pressure becomes partially high, and the user feels pain and causes pressure ulcers. The bottom side is not the side that directly contacts the human body, but it is preferable that the bottom side is not sharp.
[0025]
In the production of the body pressure dispersion of the present invention, the coating film is set on a mold heated to a desired temperature (about 60 to 120 ° C.), and vacuumed from below to adhere to the inner surface of the mold. A gel-like viscoelastic body is injected into this and cured. For example, in the case of polyurethane gel, a mixture of polyol and isocyanate, which are its constituent components, is injected and cured, but partial curing may be used at this point. Next, an elastomer raw material (for example, a raw material mixture constituting a urethane elastomer) serving as a bottom support is poured onto the gel body and allowed to stand for a desired time to be cured. After curing, the vacuum state is released, the molded product is taken out from the mold, and an excess film protruding around is appropriately cut to obtain a desired body pressure dispersion. A mold having a desired shape such as an operating table mat or a posture holder is prepared for each mold.
[0026]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to examples and comparative examples.
Examples 1-4 and Comparative Examples 1-9
As a viscoelastic gel material, a trifunctional PPG [poly (oxypropylene) glycol] as a polyol component, a polyurethane gel obtained by mixing MDI as a polyisocyanate component, a polyurethane film as a coating film, and a bottom support As the above-described polyurethane gel, an operating table mat (width 50 cm × length 120 cm) was prepared using an elastomer having a JIS-A hardness of 5 or more. The thickness was variously changed as shown in Table 1, and the thickness was produced by the process shown in FIG. That is, the mold is heated to 100 ° C., and a polyurethane film is set there (FIG. 2a), vacuum is drawn from under the mold to cover the mold surface with the film (FIG. 2b), and then the polyurethane gel raw material mixture Was injected and cured (Figure 2c).
A raw material mixture of polyurethane elastomer (PPG and MDI) was poured onto the gel, covered with a polyurethane film, and allowed to stand for about 20 minutes to cure (FIG. 2d). After curing, the vacuum was released and the molded body was taken out (FIG. 2e), and the excess film was cut (FIG. 2d) to obtain an operating table mat. The performance of each obtained mat was evaluated by the following method, and the results are shown in Table 1.
[0027]
-The 25% compressive stress of the gel-like viscoelastic body was measured by obtaining the stress value when 25% strain was applied by the method specified in JIS K7181. The tensile strength and elongation of the film were measured according to the method specified in JIS K7181, and the tear strength was JIS
It measured according to the method prescribed | regulated to K7128-3.
-The pressure distribution of the mat was measured for the pressure receiving area and the sacral part pressure using a measuring instrument having a trade name “BIG-MAT” manufactured by Nitta. The larger the pressure-receiving area is, the better, and the sacral pressure is preferably as small as possible.
[0028]
-The compression durability was expressed as ◯ when there was no abnormality by examining the appearance when the mat was compressed 10,000 times with a thickness of 50%, and was indicated as x when the film was torn.
-The drag durability was expressed as ◎ when there was no abnormality after examining the appearance after placing the mat on the tile floor and dragged 5 m, and indicated as ○ when the film was slightly broken.
[0029]
The surgeon determined whether the surgeon was able to fix the subject by supine on the mat. When it was fixed, it was marked as ◯, and when it was not fixed and not suitable for surgery, it was marked as x.
[0030]
[Table 1]

[0031]
Here, the thing of the comparative example 9 had high sacral part pressure, and its body pressure dispersibility was not good.
Examples 5 and 6 and Comparative Examples 10 to 13
Using the same polyurethane gel, polyurethane film and polyurethane elastomer as in Example 1, a body posture holder (FIG. 1a) and a human body side posture holder (FIG. 1c) were prepared (Table 2). reference). Here, the shape of the head holder is an outer diameter of 20 cm, an inner diameter of 15 cm, a gel thickness of 45 cm, and a bottom thickness of 3 cm, and the posture holder for the human body side is 30 cm long and has a gel thickness (maximum part). The thickness was 7.5 cm and the bottom thickness was 5 cm. Table 2 shows the results of evaluating these body posture holders in actual use. All of Examples 5 and 6 were easy to use, had good body pressure dispersibility, did not cause pressure ulcers, and were excellent in durability. In Comparative Examples 10 to 13, the fixation of the subject was poor.
[0032]
[Table 2]

[0033]
【The invention's effect】
The body pressure dispersion of the present invention is excellent in durability and ease of use since pressure ulcers are not generated even when used for a long time. For example, when used as a mat for an operating table, the pressure ulcer of the patient during the operation is prevented, and since it is not too soft, the practitioner is well fixed and there is no risk of hindering the operation. In addition, it is easy to remove immediately even if there is contamination by blood or body fluids associated with surgery, and it is excellent in durability (especially bottom durability which is often damaged). In addition, in the orthopedic or surgical medical field and the welfare and nursing field, the body position holder for holding each part of the human body has good fixation, does not cause pressure ulcers, and is easy to use.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 shows an example of the shape of a body posture holder.
FIG. 2 shows an example of a manufacturing process of an operating table mat according to the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
10 Body pressure dispersion K Mold S Vacuum pump suction port F Coating film G Viscoelastic gel substance F Elastomer (bottom)

Claims (4)

A body pressure dispersion mat comprising a viscoelastic gel-like substance and a film covering the body, and a bottom made of an elastomer having a higher hardness than the gel-like viscoelastic body, wherein the viscoelastic gel-like substance is 5 to 5 It has a thickness of 30 mm, its 25% compressive stress is 10 to 90 kPa, the film has a thickness of 0.05 to 0.2 mm, its tensile strength is 50 to 100 MPa, and its elongation is 450 to 800%. The tear strength is 100 to 200 N / m, and the elastomer has a thickness of 1 to 6 mm and a JIS-A hardness of 5 to 50. A body pressure dispersion mat characterized by the above. 3. The body pressure dispersion mat according to claim 2, wherein the gel-like viscoelastic body is a thermosetting polyurethane gel, the film is a thermoplastic polyurethane film, and the elastomer is a thermosetting polyurethane elastomer. . The body pressure dispersion mat according to claim 1, wherein the body pressure dispersion mat is an operating table mat. A body position holder comprising a viscoelastic gel-like substance and a film surrounding the body, and a bottom made of an elastomer having a higher hardness than the gel-like viscoelastic body, wherein the viscoelastic gel-like substance is 30 to 200 mm. 25% compressive stress is 10 to 90 kPa, the film has a thickness of 0.05 to 0.2 mm, a tensile strength of 50 to 100 MPa, and an elongation of 450 to 800%. A body posture holder characterized by having a tear strength of 100 to 200 N / m, the elastomer having a thickness of 1 to 6 mm, and a JIS-A hardness of 5 to 50.

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