JP2005047097A - Agricultural polyolefinic multilayered film - Google Patents
Agricultural polyolefinic multilayered film Download PDFInfo
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- JP2005047097A JP2005047097A JP2003204881A JP2003204881A JP2005047097A JP 2005047097 A JP2005047097 A JP 2005047097A JP 2003204881 A JP2003204881 A JP 2003204881A JP 2003204881 A JP2003204881 A JP 2003204881A JP 2005047097 A JP2005047097 A JP 2005047097A
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- Prior art keywords
- propylene
- weight
- copolymer
- layer
- olefin
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- Granted
Links
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 70
- 239000004711 α-olefin Substances 0.000 claims description 67
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 55
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 claims description 51
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 36
- 229920005604 random copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 claims description 32
- 229920001200 poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) Polymers 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000005038 ethylene vinyl acetate Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 229920000089 Cyclic olefin copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 24
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000011256 inorganic filler Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910003475 inorganic filler Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920005672 polyolefin resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- GDVKFRBCXAPAQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-A dialuminum;hexamagnesium;carbonate;hexadecahydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]C([O-])=O GDVKFRBCXAPAQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-A 0.000 claims description 4
- 229960001545 hydrotalcite Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001701 hydrotalcite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002959 polymer blend Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010186 staining Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Butene Chemical compound CCC=C VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- LIKMAJRDDDTEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-hexene Chemical compound CCCCC=C LIKMAJRDDDTEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- YWAKXRMUMFPDSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentene Chemical compound CCCC=C YWAKXRMUMFPDSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-octene Chemical compound CCCCCCC=C KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000003373 anti-fouling effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 9
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- AFFLGGQVNFXPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-decene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC=C AFFLGGQVNFXPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- CRSBERNSMYQZNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-dodecene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCC=C CRSBERNSMYQZNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- WSSSPWUEQFSQQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methyl-1-pentene Chemical compound CC(C)CC=C WSSSPWUEQFSQQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- CXWXQJXEFPUFDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetralin Chemical compound C1=CC=C2CCCCC2=C1 CXWXQJXEFPUFDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Octanol Natural products CCCCCCCC TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 5
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- CJZGTCYPCWQAJB-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium stearate Chemical compound [Ca+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O CJZGTCYPCWQAJB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 235000013539 calcium stearate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000008116 calcium stearate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- LDTAOIUHUHHCMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methylpent-1-ene Chemical compound CCC(C)C=C LDTAOIUHUHHCMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002216 antistatic agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229940069096 dodecene Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- RYPKRALMXUUNKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Hexene Natural products CCCC=CC RYPKRALMXUUNKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000010627 Phaseolus vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 244000046052 Phaseolus vulgaris Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000001733 carboxylic acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000032798 delamination Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229940105990 diglycerin Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000092 linear low density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004707 linear low-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001684 low density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004702 low-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001384 propylene homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006097 ultraviolet radiation absorber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002087 whitening effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- VBICKXHEKHSIBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-monostearoylglycerol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(O)CO VBICKXHEKHSIBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000503 Na-aluminosilicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001214 Polysorbate 60 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IYFATESGLOUGBX-YVNJGZBMSA-N Sorbitan monopalmitate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](O)[C@H]1OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1O IYFATESGLOUGBX-YVNJGZBMSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000010724 Wisteria floribunda Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011954 Ziegler–Natta catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- JFBZPFYRPYOZCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li].[Al] Chemical compound [Li].[Al] JFBZPFYRPYOZCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] Chemical compound [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SXQXMCWCWVCFPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;potassium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Al+3].[K+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O SXQXMCWCWVCFPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ANBBXQWFNXMHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;sodium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Na+].[Al+3] ANBBXQWFNXMHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002280 amphoteric surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003242 anti bacterial agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002981 blocking agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000404 calcium aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012215 calcium aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- WNCYAPRTYDMSFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O WNCYAPRTYDMSFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940078583 calcium aluminosilicate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000378 calcium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052918 calcium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003093 cationic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- GPLRAVKSCUXZTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diglycerol Chemical compound OCC(O)COCC(O)CO GPLRAVKSCUXZTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical class O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000032050 esterification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005886 esterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001038 ethylene copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005676 ethylene-propylene block copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012760 heat stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HCWCAKKEBCNQJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium orthosilicate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Mg+2].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] HCWCAKKEBCNQJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000391 magnesium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019792 magnesium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052919 magnesium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005453 pelletization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002685 polymerization catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010989 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001818 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005606 polypropylene copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- KVOIJEARBNBHHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium;oxido(oxo)alumane Chemical compound [K+].[O-][Al]=O KVOIJEARBNBHHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical class O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001388 sodium aluminate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000429 sodium aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012217 sodium aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011949 solid catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011071 sorbitan monopalmitate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001570 sorbitan monopalmitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940031953 sorbitan monopalmitate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor
Landscapes
- Protection Of Plants (AREA)
- Greenhouses (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は農業用ハウスやトンネルの被覆資材として用いられる農業用ポリオレフィン系多層フィルムに関する。詳しくは、透明性に優れ、防曇持続性、防汚性に優れた農業用ポリオレフィン系多層フィルムに関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
農業用ハウスやトンネル等の被覆資材として様々のプラスチックフィルムが使用されている。それらの代表的なものとして、ポリ塩化ビニルフィルム(以下、農ビという)、ポリエチレンフィルム(以下、農ポリという)、エチレン酢酸ビニル共重合体フィルム(以下、農酢ビという)、農業用ポリオレフィン系特殊フィルム等(以下、農業用多層フィルムという)を挙げることができる。
【0003】
中でも、農ビは保温性、透明性、経済性等に優れているため、最も多く使用されているが、農ビは比重が大きいため、ハウスに展張する際フィルムの重量が重く、展張作業が困難である。
また、使用後の廃棄処理のために焼却すると有害ガスを発生する等の問題もあり、有害ガスの発生しない農ビ代替品が望まれている。
【0004】
昨今、農ビの欠点である展張作業性に優れ、有害ガスの発生しないという農業用多層フィルムが増加している。その農業用多層フィルムは一般的にはポリエチレンまたはエチレン酢酸ビニル共重合体からなるフィルムであり(例えば、特許文献1、2参照)、部分的に破れてもその破れが拡がらず、フィルム自体の耐候性も一段と向上しているため、従来の1年展張より長期の2〜3年の展張が一般化してきている。そのため防曇性の持続性や防汚性の不足がクローズアップされ、その改良が望まれている。
【0005】
ポリプロピレン系樹脂は、ポリエチレンやエチレン酢酸ビニル共重合体と比較して強度や軽量性に優れるものの柔軟性が劣り、これまで農業用フィルムには使用されていなかった。
【0006】
【特許文献1】
特開平09−052332号公報
【特許文献2】
特開平08−276542号公報
【0007】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は、透明性に優れ、防曇持続性・防汚性に優れた農業用ポリオレフィン系多層フィルムを提供することを課題とする。
【0008】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者は、前記課題を改善するべく鋭意検討した結果、少なくとも外層A、中外層B、中層C、中内層D、内層Eの5層からなるポリオレフィン系多層フィルムであって、特に中外層Bにプロピレン系重合体を使用し、更に防曇剤を中間層C、中内層D、内層Eに使用した農業用ポリオレフィン系多層フィルムにおいて、選択的に防曇剤がハウス内層側に移行し、フィルムは柔軟性を保持しながら透明性にも優れ、更に防曇性も長期に持続し、防汚性も優れることを見出し、本発明を完成するに至った。
【0009】
本発明は、以下から構成される。
1).少なくとも下記の5層からなるポリオレフィン系多層フィルムであって、5層が、外層A、中外層B、中層C、中内層D、内層Eの順に積層された農業用ポリオレフィン系多層フィルム。
(1)ポリオレフィン系樹脂の配合物からなる外層A。
(2)プロピレン系重合体の配合物からなる中外層B。
(3)酢酸ビニル含有量が10〜25重量%のエチレン酢酸ビニル共重合体からなり、防曇剤1〜6重量%を含有する配合物からなる中層C。
(4)酢酸ビニル含有量が8〜20重量%のエチレン酢酸ビニル共重合体からなり、防曇剤1〜5重量%を含有する組成物からなる中内層D。
(5)酢酸ビニル含有量が3〜10重量%のエチレン酢酸ビニル共重合体からなり、防曇剤0.5〜3重量%を含有する配合物からなる内層E。
【0010】
2).プロピレン系重合体の配合物が、下記に示すプロピレン系共重合体組成物(X)からなる前記1)項記載の農業用ポリオレフィン系多層フィルム。
プロピレン系共重合体組成物(X):
プロピレン含有量が90重量%以上であるプロピレン−α−オレフィンランダム共重合体(H)とプロピレン含有量が55〜90重量%であるプロピレン−α−オレフィンランダム共重合体(J)とからなり、プロピレン−α−オレフィンランダム共重合体(J)の極限粘度[η]Jが1.3〜3.5dl/gであり、プロピレン−α−オレフィン共重合体(H)の極限粘度を[η]Hとしたときの極限粘度比[η]J/[η]Hが0.5〜1.3であり、かつプロピレン−α−オレフィン共重合体(H)の重量をWHとし、プロピレン−α−オレフィン共重合体(J)の重量をWJとしたとき、これらの重量比WH/WJと極限粘度比[η]H/[η]Jとの積([η]H/[η]J)×(WH/WJ)が0.7〜4.5の範囲にあるプロピレン系共重合体組成物。
【0011】
3).プロピレン系重合体の配合物が、プロピレン系共重合体組成物(X)の他に、炭素数3〜18のα−オレフィン10〜30重量%と、密度が0.850〜0.920g/cm3であるエチレン−α−オレフィン共重合体(G)を10〜30重量%とを含有する前記2)項記載の農業用ポリオレフィン系多層フィルム。
【0012】
4).無機フィラーとしてタルク、ハイドロタルサイト類系化合物及びリチウム・アルミニウム複合水酸化物塩系化合物から選ばれる少なくとも1種が各層に10重量%以下添加されている前記1)〜3)項のいずれか1項記載の農業用ポリオレフィン系多層フィルム。
【0013】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の農業用ポリオレフィン系多層フィルムの実施の形態について詳細に説明する。本発明の農業用ポリオレフィン系多層フィルムは、少なくとも下記の5層からなるポリオレフィン系多層フィルムであって、5層が、外層A、中外層B、中層C、中内層D、内層Eの順に積層されてなる。該多層フィルムの内層は、ハウスやトンネルに展張された場合に、ハウスやトンネルの内側に位置し、外層は外側に位置する。
【0014】
本発明で中外層Bの配合物に用いられるプロピレン系重合体としては、プロピレン単独重合体、プロピレンとエチレン、1−ブテン、1−ペンテン、1−ヘキセン等から選ばれる1種以上のα−オレフィンとのプロピレン−α−オレフィンランダム共重合体、エチレン−プロピレンブロック共重合体等が挙げられるが、透明性、柔軟性、の観点からプロピレン−α−オレフィンランダム共重合体が好ましい。その中でも特に下記に示すプロピレン系共重合体組成物(X)が多層フィルムの防汚性、透明性、柔軟性の観点から望ましい。
プロピレン系共重合体組成物(X):
プロピレン含有量が90重量%以上であるプロピレン−α−オレフィンランダム共重合体(H)とプロピレン含有量が55〜90重量%であるプロピレン−α−オレフィンランダム共重合体(J)とからなり、プロピレン−α−オレフィンランダム共重合体(J)の極限粘度[η]Jが1.3〜3.5dl/gであり、プロピレン−α−オレフィン共重合体(H)の極限粘度を[η]Hとしたときの極限粘度比[η]J/[η]Hが0.5〜1.3であり、かつプロピレン−α−オレフィン共重合体(H)の重量をWHとし、プロピレン−α−オレフィン共重合体(J)の重量をWJとしたとき、これらの重量比WH/WJと極限粘度比[η]H/[η]Jとの積([η]H/[η]J)×(WH/WJ)が0.7〜4.5の範囲にあるプロピレン系共重合体組成物。
【0015】
プロピレン系共重合体組成物(X)を構成する成分であるプロピレン−α−オレフィンランダム共重合体(H)は、プロピレン含有量が90重量%以上98重量%以下、より好ましくは94重量%以上98重量%以下のランダム共重合体である。プロピレン含有量が90重量%以上であれば多層フィルムの製膜時の耐熱性が十分である。
【0016】
前記プロピレン−α−オレフィンランダム共重合体(H)において、プロピレンと共重合されるα−オレフィンとしては、特に限定されないが、具体的にはエチレン、1−ブテン、1−ペンテン、1−ヘキセン、1−オクテン、1−デセン、1−ドデセン、4−メチル−1−ペンテン、3−メチル−1−ペンテン等を挙げることができる。これらのα−オレフィンは1種のみならず2種以上を併用してもよい。このうちエチレンを用いるのが製造コストの点から好ましい。
【0017】
前記プロピレン系共重合体組成物(X)を構成する成分であるプロピレン−α−オレフィンランダム共重合体(J)は、プロピレン含有量が55〜90重量%、好ましくは55〜85重量%のランダム共重合体である。プロピレンの含有量が上記の範囲内であれば得られる農業用ポリオレフィン系多層フィルムの低温での耐衝撃性と柔軟性が十分であり、透明性も良好である。
【0018】
前記プロピレン−α−ランダム共重合体(J)において、プロピレンと共重合されるα−オレフィンとしては、特に限定されないが、具体的にはエチレン、1−ブテン、1−ペンテン、1−ヘキセン、1−オクテン、1−デセン、1−ドデセン、4−メチル−1−ペンテン、3−メチル−1−ペンテン等を挙げることができる。これらのα−オレフィンは1種のみならず2種以上を併用してもよい。このうちエチレンを用いるのが製造コストの点から好ましい。
【0019】
前記プロピレン−α−オレフィンランダム共重合体(J)は、135℃のテトラリン中で測定した極限粘度[η]Jが1.3〜3.5dl/g、より好ましくは1.5〜3.0dl/gであり、かつプロピレン−α−オレフィンランダム共重合体(H)の135℃のテトラリン中で測定した極限粘度[η]Hとの極限粘度比[η]J/[η]Hが0.5〜1.3、好ましくは0.6〜1.2である。
【0020】
前記極限粘度[η]Jは、プロピレン系共重合体組成物(X)の透明性に影響し、前記極限粘度比[η]J/[η]Hは、プロピレン−α−オレフィンランダム共重合体(J)のプロピレン−α−オレフィンランダム共重合体(H)への分散性に影響する。プロピレン−α−オレフィンランダム共重合体(J)の極限粘度[η]Jが小さいほど農業用ポリオレフィン系多層フィルムの生産性が向上し、前記極限粘度比[η]J/[η]Hが前記範囲内であれば透明性に優れる。
【0021】
本発明で使用されるプロピレン系共重合体組成物(X)において、プロピレン−α−オレフィンランダム共重合体(H)とプロピレン−α−オレフィンランダム共重合体(J)との重量比WH/WJは、前記極限粘度比[η]J/[η]Hとの積([η]J/[η]H)×(WH/WJ)が0.7〜4.5である。前記極限粘度比と重量比の積が上記の範囲内であればプロピレン系共重合体組成物(X)の製膜性が良好で、得られる農業用ポリオレフィン系多層フィルムの耐衝撃性も良好である。
【0022】
本発明で使用されるプロピレン系共重合体組成物(X)の具体的な組成は、前記組成物基準でプロピレン−α−オレフィンランダム共重合体(J)が10〜50重量%である。プロピレン−α−オレフィンランダム共重合体(J)がこの範囲であればプロピレン系共重合体組成物(X)及び得られる農業用ポリオレフィン系多層フィルムの透明性、強靱性が優れる。
【0023】
プロピレン系共重合体組成物(X)のメルトフローレート(230℃、荷重21.18N、以下「MFR」という)は、プロピレン系共重合体組成物(X)の成形性、及び得られる農業用ポリオレフィン系多層フィルムの外観の点から0.1〜50g/10分が好ましく、0.2〜20g/10分が更に好ましい。MFRが前記の範囲であれば、得られる農業用ポリオレフィン系多層フィルムの表面平滑性が良好で、透明性及び強靱性も十分である。
【0024】
本発明に用いられるプロピレン系共重合体組成物(X)は、上記の諸特性を満足すればいかなる方法で製造してもよい。勿論、別々に製造された本発明に用いるプロピレン−α−オレフィンランダム共重合体(H)とプロピレン−α−オレフィン共重合体(J)とを混合装置を用いて混合し、プロピレン系共重合体組成物(X)を製造してもよいが、好ましくは、国際公開第97/19135号パンフレット、特開平10−316810号公報に開示された方法、すなわち担持型チタン含有固体触媒と有機アルミニウム化合物とをオレフィン重合用触媒を用いて、プロピレン−α−オレフィンランダム共重合体(H)を製造し、引続きプロピレン−α−オレフィンランダム共重合体(H)の存在下にプロピレン−α−オレフィンランダム共重合体(J)を製造し、プロピレン系共重合体組成物(X)を連続的に製造することである。プロピレン系共重合体組成物(X)は前記の方法で製造することができる他に、市販品の中から所望の仕様のものを選択して用いることができる。
【0025】
尚、プロピレン−α−オレフィンランダム共重合体(H)及びプロピレン−α−オレフィンランダム共重合体(J)を連続的に製造してプロピレン系共重合体組成物(X)を得る場合、プロピレン系共重合体組成物(X)中のプロピレン−α−オレフィンランダム共重合体(J)の極限粘度[η]Jは直接測定できないので、直接測定可能なプロピレン−α−オレフィンランダム共重合体(H)の極限粘度[η]H及びプロピレン系共重合体組成物(X)全体の極限粘度[η]W HOLEならびに共重合体の重量%WJから、下記式(1)により求められる。[η]J={[η]WHOLE−(1−WJ/100)[η]H}/(WJ/100)(1)
【0026】
本発明において、前記中外層Bの配合物用プロピレン系重合体として、プロピレン系共重合体組成物(X)を用いる場合、炭素数3〜18、好ましくは3〜10のα−オレフィンを10〜30重量%、好ましくは20〜30重量%含有し、密度が0.850〜0.920g/cm3であるエチレン−α−オレフィン共重合体(G)がプロピレン系共重合体組成物(X)に添加されると、得られる農業用ポリオレフィン系多層フィルムにおける中外層Bと隣接する他の層との界面で生じる層間剥離の防止及び耐伸張白化性の改良が図られ、ベタツキの発生もない。
【0027】
前記エチレン−α−オレフィン共重合体(G)としては、上記の要求を満たすものであれば特に限定はしないが、例えば、エチレンと炭素原子数が3〜18のα−オレフィンとを、パラジウムやニッケル等の遷移金属の錯体触媒を用いて重合した低密度のエチレン−α−オレフィン共重合体や、シングルサイト触媒を用いたエチレン−α−オレフィン共重合体が用いられるが、中でも特に好適なのはシングルサイト触媒を用いて重合されたエチレン−α−オレフィン共重合体が多層フィルムの透明性、強靱性、柔軟性の面で望ましい。
【0028】
エチレン−α−オレフィン共重合体(G)に用いられるα−オレフィンの具体的として、エチレン、1−ブテン、1−ペンテン、1−ヘキセン、1−オクテン、1−デセン、1−ドデセン、4−メチル−1−ペンテン、3−メチル−1−ペンテン等を挙げることができる。これらのα−オレフィンは1種のみならず2種以上を併用してもよい。中でも、1−オクテンが柔軟性や多層フィルムの伸張白化改良の点から好ましい。
【0029】
プロピレン系共重合体組成物(X)に対するエチレン−α−オレフィン共重合体(G)の添加量は、中外層B用のプロピレン系重合体の配合物基準で、10〜30重量%、より好ましくは15〜25重量%、であることが望ましく、添加量がこの範囲であれば得られる農業用ポリオレフィン系多層フィルムに層間剥離が発生しにくく、強靭性も十分である。
【0030】
本発明の外層Aの配合物に用いられるポリオレフィン系樹脂は、α−オレフィンの単独重合体やα−オレフィンを主成分とする異種単量体との共重合体であり、重合に用いる触媒としては特に限定は無く、チーグラー・ナッタ触媒およびシングルサイト触媒等通常の重合に使用できるものを用いて製造される。例えば、プロピレン単独重合体、プロピレンとエチレン、1−ブテン、1−ペンテンまたは1−ヘキセンとの共重合体であるプロピレン系共重合体、エチレン単独重合体、エチレンと1−ブテン、1−ペンテンまたは1−ヘキセン、4−メチル−1−ペンテン、1−オクテンまたは酢酸ビニルとの共重合体であるエチレン系共重合体が挙げられ、これらの樹脂は単独で用いても、2種以上を混合して用いてもよい。
【0031】
中でも、外層Aに用いられるポリオレフィン系樹脂としては、中外層Bに用いられているプロピレン系共重合体組成物(X)、シングルサイト触媒を用いて重合された密度0.88〜0.935g/cm3のエチレン−α−オレフィン共重合体が強度、防汚性の点で好ましく、シングルサイト触媒を用いて重合された密度0.88〜0.935g/cm3のエチレン−α−オレフィン共重合体が透明性、柔軟性の面で特に好ましい。
【0032】
本発明で用いられる中層Cの配合物を構成するエチレン酢酸ビニル共重合体の酢酸ビニル含有量は、柔軟性、添加剤との相溶性、価格の観点から、10〜25重量%、好ましくは15〜25重量%である。また、中層Cの配合物には、防曇剤が1〜6重量%、好ましくは1.5〜5重量%添加される。
【0033】
本発明で用いられる中内層Dの配合物を構成するエチレン酢酸ビニル共重合体の酢酸ビニル含有量は、柔軟性、添加剤との相溶性、価格の観点から、8〜20重量%、好ましくは10〜20重量%である。中内層Dに用いられるエチレン酢酸ビニル共重合体の酢酸ビニル含有量は、中層Cに用いられるエチレン酢酸ビニル共重合体の酢酸ビニル含有量と同じまたはそれより少ないことが好ましい。
また、中内層Dの配合物には、防曇剤が1〜5重量%、好ましくは1.5〜4.5重量%添加される。中内層Dの配合物の防曇剤含有量は、中層Cの配合物の防曇剤含有量と同じまたはそれより少ないことが好ましい。
【0034】
本発明で用いられる内層Eの配合物を構成するエチレン酢酸ビニル共重合体の酢酸ビニル含有量は、柔軟性、添加剤との相溶性、価格の観点から、3〜10重量%、好ましくは5〜10重量%である。内層Eに用いられるエチレン酢酸ビニル共重合体の酢酸ビニル含有量は、中内層Dに用いられるエチレン酢酸ビニル共重合体の酢酸ビニル含有量と同じまたはそれより少ないことが好ましい。
また、内層Eの配合物には、防曇剤が0.5〜3重量%、好ましくは1.0〜2.5重量%添加される。内層Eの配合物の防曇剤含有量は、中内層Dの配合物の防曇剤含有量より少ないことが好ましい。内層Eの配合物の防曇剤含有量が3重量%を超える場合、フィルム内面への防曇剤のブリードにより、フィルムの透明性低下やフィルムのベタツキが発生する恐れがある。
【0035】
上記に用いられる防曇剤としては、非イオン系界面活性剤、カチオン系界面活性剤、アニオン系界面活性剤、両性界面活性剤等から、防曇剤のエステル化度、アルキル基の鎖長、アルキレンオキサイドの付加モル数、またはそれらの純度を変化させることによって得られるものが挙げられる。それらの例としてソルビタンモノパルミテート、ジグリセリンセスキステアレート、グリセリンモノステアレート等の多価アルコールの部分カルボン酸エステル類、ポリオキシエチレンソルビタンモノステアレート、ポリオキシエチレンソルビタンモノベヘネート等の多価アルコールの部分カルボン酸エステルのポリオキシエチレン誘導体、アミン類および脂肪酸アミド類が挙げられる。
【0036】
本発明の農業用ポリオレフィン系多層フィルムの各層の配合物には、前記多層フィルムの保温性向上を目的として、無機フィラーを添加することができる。前記無機フィラーとしては、酸化珪素、珪酸マグネシウム、珪酸アルミニウム、珪酸カルシウム等の珪酸化合物、アルミノ珪酸カルシウム、アルミノ珪酸ナトリウム、アルミノ珪酸カリウム等のアルミノ珪酸化合物、アルミナ、アルミン酸ナトリウム、アルミン酸カリウム、アルミン酸カルシウム等のアルミン酸化合物、炭酸カルシウム、下記式(2)、下記式(3)、下記式(4)及び下記式(5)で示されるリチウム・アルミニウム複合水酸化物塩系化合物や下記式(6)で示されるハイドロタルサイト類系化合物等の群から選ばれる1種以上の無機フィラーが挙げられる。
【0037】
(式中、A2 n−はn価のアニオン、mは0≦m≦3の範囲にある数、nは1≦n≦3の範囲にある数を示す。)
【0038】
(式中、An−はn価のアニオン、mは3以下の数を示す。)
【0039】
(式中、M2+は2価の金属イオン、mは0≦m<5の範囲にある数、xは0≦x<1の範囲にある数、yは2≦y≦4の範囲にある数を示す。)
【0040】
(式中、M2+は2価の金属イオン、An―はn価の陰イオンであり、mは0≦m<5の範囲にある数、xは0.01≦x<1の範囲にある数、nは1≦n≦3の範囲にある数を示す。)
【0041】
(式中、M2+はMg2+、Ca2+、及びZn2+の中から選ばれた少なくとも1種の2価金属イオンを示し、A1 n−はn価のアニオン、xは0<x<0.5の範囲にある数、mは0≦m≦2の範囲にある数、nは1≦n≦3の範囲にある数を示す。)
【0042】
前記無機フィラーとしては、JIS Z 8830に従って測定されるBET比表面積が5〜50m2/g、好ましくは5〜20m2/gのものが好適に用いられる。BET比表面積がこの範囲であれば、防曇剤や防霧剤のフィルム表面への移行による防曇性能や防霧性能の発現が十分であり、かつそれらの持続性が十分である。
【0043】
外層A、中外層B、中層C、中内層D及び内層Eの少なくとも1層を構成する配合物に対する前記無機フィラーの添加量は10重量%以下が好ましいが、外層Aもしくは内層Eを構成する配合物に対する添加量は5重量%以下であることが望ましく、添加量がこの範囲であれば多層フィルムの保温性が十分であり、透明性、機械的特性の低下も少ない。
【0044】
本発明においては、外層A、中外層B、中層C、中内層D及び内層Eを構成する配合物に本発明の目的を損なわない範囲で、通常農業用フィルムに用いられている改質用樹脂や添加剤を配合することができる。前記添加剤としては、耐候剤、防霧剤、紫外線吸収剤、帯電防止剤、滑剤、酸化防止剤、熱安定剤、抗菌剤、色素・着色剤等を挙げることができる。
【0045】
外層A、中外層B、中層C、中内層D及び内層Eを構成する配合物を得る方法としては、それぞれの層に用いられるオレフィン系樹脂に所望の前記添加剤を加え、ヘンシェルミキサー(商品名)等の高速撹拌機付混合機及びリボンブレンダー並びにタンブラーミキサー等の通常の配合装置により混合する方法が例示でき、更に通常の単軸押出機又は二軸押出機等を用いてペレット化する方法が例示できる。
【0046】
本発明の農業用ポリオレフィン系多層フィルムの厚みは、使用する場所や耐用年数等により異なるが、一般的に0.05〜0.3mm程度のものが好適に用いられる。外層Aの厚みTa、中外層Bの厚みTb 、中層Cの厚みTC 、中内層Dの厚みTd及び内層Eの厚みTeは特に限定されるものではないが、Ta:Tb:Tc:Td:Te=1〜5:1〜2:1〜5:1〜5:1〜5の範囲が好ましい。中外層Bの厚みTbがこの範囲内であると、得られる農業用ポリオレフィン系多層フィルムの防汚性、防曇持続性、及び柔軟性が良好である。
【0047】
本発明の農業用ポリオレフィン系多層フィルムは、前記の配合物を用いインフレーション法もしくはTダイ法等の公知の技術により製造することができ、さらに防塵塗布剤や防曇塗布剤等を塗布・乾燥し、表面に塗布膜を形成させても構わない。
【0048】
本発明の農業用ポリオレフィン系多層フィルムは、透明でも、梨地でも良く、農業用ハウス(温室)、トンネル等の被覆用以外のマルチング用、袋掛け用等の用途に使用しても良い。
【0049】
【実施例】
以下、実施各例及び比較各例によって本発明を具体的に説明するが、本発明はこれらにより限定されるものではない。尚、実施例及び比較例における農業用ポリオレフィン系多層フィルムの評価は、下記の方法によって実施した。
【0050】
(a)引張弾性率(柔軟性:ヤング率);ASTM D 882に従って、フィルムのサンプルの縦(MD)と横(TD)の引張弾性率を測定した。
【0051】
(b)防曇持続日数
前記低温防曇性にて使用したものと同様のウォーターバスを使用し、天窓の全面にフィルムを張って固定し、環境温度5℃、水温40℃の条件下で放置し、下記評価基準に従って評価し、3以上のレベルが維持された期間を防曇持続日数とした。日数が長い程、防曇持続性が良いことを表す。
5:水滴の付着がなく均一に水膜状に濡れている。
4:フィルム全体の25%未満の面積に水滴が付着している。
3:フィルム全体の25以上50%未満の面積に水滴が付着している。
2:フィルム全体の50以上75%未満の面積に水滴が付着している。
1:フィルム全体の75%以上の面積に水滴が付着している。
【0052】
(c)全光線透過率及びヘーズ;JIS K 7105に従って、カラーコンピューター「HGM−2K」(商品名、スガ試験機(株)製)を用いてフィルム製造後2週間の製品を測定した。ヘーズは、数値が小さいほど透明性が良好である。
【0053】
(d)密度;JIS K 7112に従って測定した。
【0054】
(e)メルトフローレート;JIS K 7210に従って、温度190℃または230℃、荷重21.18Nの条件で測定した。
【0055】
(f)展張試験(防汚性);フィルムをアーチ型パイプハウス(間口4.5m、長さ15m)に展張した後6ヶ月後、12ヶ月後のフィルムのヘーズ(上記(c)参照)により防汚性を評価した。数値が小さいほど防汚性が良好である。
【0056】
実施例1〜7、比較例1〜7
表1に記載された農業用ポリオレフィン系多層フィルムの各層別の配合と後述の共通配合の処方に従い、各層用の配合物を用意した。得られた配合物を用い、50mmφ押出機5台を有する5種5層インフレ多層押出装置を使用して、成形温度180℃にて、厚さ0.1mmの多層フィルムを製膜した。多層フィルムの各層の厚さ比は、外層:中外層:中間層:中内層:内層=1:1:2:2:2である。
得られた多層フィルムの評価結果を表1に示した。
【0057】
尚、表1に記載された多層フィルムの各層を構成する配合物に用いられた樹脂の記号と内容は以下の通りである。
LLDPE:線状低密度ポリエチレン(エチレン−α−オレフィン共重合体)、ダウレックス2045AC(商品名、ダウ・ケミカル(株)製)、MFR (190℃)=1.0g/10分、密度=0.920g/cm3。
M−PE1:シングルサイト触媒系エチレン−α−オレフィン共重合体、エリート5400(商品名、ダウ・ケミカル(株)製)、MFR(190℃)=1.
0g/10分、密度=0.916g/cm3。
PP:プロピレン系重合体、チッソポリプロXF7553(商品名、チッソ(株)
製)、MFR(230℃)=12.0g/10分。
PP共重合体X:プロピレン系共重合体組成物(X)、チッソポリプロNHF5014(商品名、チッソ(株)製)、WH/WJ=2.0、極限粘度[η]WHOLE=1.9dl/g、極限粘度比[η]H/[η]J=0.5、([η]
H/[η]J)×(WH/WJ)=1.04、MFR(230℃)=2.5g/10分。
M−PE2:シングルサイト触媒系エチレン−α−オレフィン共重合体、エンゲージ8100(商品名、ダウ・ケミカル(株)製)、MFR(190℃)=1.0g/10分、密度=0.870g/cm3。
EVA(5%):酢酸ビニル含有量5重量%のエチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体、NUC3250(商品名、日本ユニカー(株)製)、MFR(190℃)=1.
5g/10分、密度=0.93g/cm3。
EVA(7.5%):酢酸ビニル含有量7.5重量%のエチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体、NUC3270(商品名、日本ユニカー(株)製)、MFR(190℃)=2.3g/10分、密度=0.93g/cm3。
EVA(20%):酢酸ビニル含有量20重量%のエチレン酢酸ビニル共重合体、
NUC3888(商品名、日本ユニカー(株)製)、MFR(190℃)=1.5g/10分、密度=0.95g/cm3。
EVA(18%):酢酸ビニル含有量18重量%のエチレン酢酸ビニル共重合体、
NUC3765(商品名、日本ユニカー(株)製)、MFR(190℃)=1.5g/10分、密度=0.94g/cm3。
EVA(15%):酢酸ビニル含有量15重量%のエチレン酢酸ビニル共重合体、
NUC8452D(商品名、日本ユニカー(株)製)、MFR(190℃)
=1.0g/10分、密度=0.94g/cm3。
LDPE:低密度ポリエチレン、NUC8506(商品名、日本ユニカー(株)製)、MFR(190℃)=0.8g/10分、密度=0.923g/cm3。
無機フィラー1:合成ハイドロタルサイト(協和化学工業(株)製)。
無機フィラー2:リチウム・アルミニウム・マグネシウム複合水酸化物の縮合ケイ酸塩(富士化学工業(株)製)。
防曇剤1:アミンエステル系防曇剤(花王(株)製)。
防曇剤2:ジグリセリンエステル系防曇剤(花王(株)製)。
【0058】
また、表1に記載された各多層フィルムの前記樹脂を除く、共通配合組成(表1には、各層毎に「その他添加剤」とまとめて表示)は、配合物基準で、外層Aにおいて耐候剤0.3重量%、紫外線吸収剤0.1重量%、フェノール系安定剤0.1重量%、リン系安定剤0.1重量%、ステアリン酸カルシウム0.2重量%、アンチブロッキング剤0.1重量%、帯電防止剤0.2重量%、中外層Bにおいて耐候剤0.3重量%、紫外線吸収剤0.1重量%、フェノール系安定剤0.1重量%、リン系安定剤0.1重量%、ステアリン酸カルシウム0.2重量%、中間層C、中内層Dにおいて耐候剤0.3重量%、紫外線吸収剤0.1重量%、フェノール系安定剤0.1重量%、リン系安定剤0.1重量%、ステアリン酸カルシウム0.2重量%、防霧剤0.2重量%、また、内層Eにおいて耐候剤0.3重量%、紫外線吸収剤0.1重量%、フェノール系安定剤0.1重量%、リン系安定剤0.1重量%、ステアリン酸カルシウム0.2重量%、アンチブロッキング剤0.1重量%、帯電防止剤0.2重量%、防霧剤0.2重量%である。
【0059】
【表1】
【0060】
【発明の効果】
本発明の農業用ポリオレフィン系多層フィルムは、表1からわかるように透明性、防曇持続性、防汚性に優れている。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an agricultural polyolefin-based multilayer film used as a covering material for agricultural houses and tunnels. More specifically, the present invention relates to an agricultural polyolefin multilayer film having excellent transparency, antifogging sustainability and antifouling properties.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Various plastic films are used as covering materials for agricultural houses and tunnels. Typical examples thereof include polyvinyl chloride films (hereinafter referred to as agricultural bi), polyethylene films (hereinafter referred to as agricultural poly), ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer films (hereinafter referred to as agricultural vinyl acetate), and agricultural polyolefins. Special films and the like (hereinafter referred to as agricultural multilayer films) can be mentioned.
[0003]
Among them, agricultural bean is most often used because it has excellent heat retention, transparency, economy, etc., but since agricultural bean has a large specific gravity, the film is heavy when it is spread in a house, Have difficulty.
In addition, there are problems such as generation of harmful gases when incinerated for disposal after use, and there is a demand for an agricultural substitute that does not generate harmful gases.
[0004]
In recent years, there have been an increase in agricultural multilayer films that are excellent in workability, which is a disadvantage of agricultural biology, and do not generate harmful gases. The agricultural multilayer film is generally a film made of polyethylene or an ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2). Since the weather resistance is further improved, the extension of 2-3 years, which is longer than the conventional one-year extension, has become common. Therefore, the lack of anti-fogging durability and antifouling properties are highlighted, and improvements are desired.
[0005]
Polypropylene resins are superior in strength and light weight compared to polyethylene and ethylene vinyl acetate copolymers, but are less flexible and have not been used for agricultural films.
[0006]
[Patent Document 1]
JP 09-052332 A
[Patent Document 2]
JP 08-276542 A
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
It is an object of the present invention to provide an agricultural polyolefin multilayer film having excellent transparency and excellent antifogging durability and antifouling properties.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a result of intensive studies to improve the above problems, the inventor is a polyolefin-based multilayer film composed of at least five layers of an outer layer A, a middle outer layer B, a middle layer C, a middle inner layer D, and an inner layer E, and particularly the middle outer layer B. In the polyolefin multi-layer film for agriculture using propylene-based polymer for the intermediate layer C, middle inner layer D, and inner layer E, and the anti-fogging agent is selectively transferred to the house inner layer side. Has been found to be excellent in transparency while maintaining flexibility, further antifogging properties can be maintained for a long period of time, and excellent in antifouling properties, and the present invention has been completed.
[0009]
The present invention comprises the following.
1). A polyolefin-based multilayer film comprising at least the following five layers, wherein five layers are laminated in the order of an outer layer A, a middle-outer layer B, a middle layer C, a middle inner layer D, and an inner layer E.
(1) Outer layer A comprising a blend of polyolefin resin.
(2) Middle and outer layers B comprising a blend of propylene polymers.
(3) Middle layer C comprising an ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer having a vinyl acetate content of 10 to 25% by weight and comprising a composition containing 1 to 6% by weight of an antifogging agent.
(4) Middle inner layer D comprising a composition comprising an ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer having a vinyl acetate content of 8 to 20% by weight and containing 1 to 5% by weight of an antifogging agent.
(5) Inner layer E made of an ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer having a vinyl acetate content of 3 to 10% by weight and comprising a blend containing 0.5 to 3% by weight of an antifogging agent.
[0010]
2). The polyolefin-based multilayer film for agriculture according to 1) above, wherein the blend of the propylene-based polymer comprises the following propylene-based copolymer composition (X).
Propylene-based copolymer composition (X):
A propylene-α-olefin random copolymer (H) having a propylene content of 90% by weight or more and a propylene-α-olefin random copolymer (J) having a propylene content of 55 to 90% by weight, Intrinsic viscosity [η] of propylene-α-olefin random copolymer (J)JIs 1.3 to 3.5 dl / g, and the intrinsic viscosity of the propylene-α-olefin copolymer (H) is [η].HIntrinsic viscosity ratio [η]J/ [Η]HIs 0.5 to 1.3, and the weight of the propylene-α-olefin copolymer (H) is WHAnd the weight of the propylene-α-olefin copolymer (J) is WJThe weight ratio WH/ WJAnd intrinsic viscosity ratio [η]H/ [Η]JProduct ([η]H/ [Η]J) X (WH/ WJ) In the range of 0.7 to 4.5.
[0011]
3). In addition to the propylene-based copolymer composition (X), the propylene-based polymer blend is 10 to 30% by weight of an α-olefin having 3 to 18 carbon atoms and a density of 0.850 to 0.920 g / cm.3The polyolefin-based multilayer film for agriculture according to 2) above, which contains 10 to 30% by weight of the ethylene-α-olefin copolymer (G).
[0012]
4). Any one of the items 1) to 3), wherein at least one selected from talc, hydrotalcite-based compounds, and lithium-aluminum composite hydroxide salt-based compounds is added to each layer as an inorganic filler in an amount of 10% by weight or less. A multilayer polyolefin film for agricultural use according to Item.
[0013]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the polyolefin multilayer film for agriculture of the present invention will be described in detail. The polyolefin-based multilayer film for agriculture of the present invention is a polyolefin-based multilayer film comprising at least the following five layers, and the five layers are laminated in the order of outer layer A, middle / outer layer B, middle layer C, middle / inner layer D, inner layer E. It becomes. The inner layer of the multilayer film is located inside the house or tunnel and the outer layer is located outside when the film is spread on the house or tunnel.
[0014]
The propylene polymer used in the composition of the inner and outer layers B in the present invention is a propylene homopolymer, one or more α-olefins selected from propylene and ethylene, 1-butene, 1-pentene, 1-hexene and the like. And propylene-α-olefin random copolymer, ethylene-propylene block copolymer, and the like. From the viewpoint of transparency and flexibility, propylene-α-olefin random copolymer is preferable. Among these, the propylene-based copolymer composition (X) shown below is particularly desirable from the viewpoint of antifouling properties, transparency and flexibility of the multilayer film.
Propylene-based copolymer composition (X):
A propylene-α-olefin random copolymer (H) having a propylene content of 90% by weight or more and a propylene-α-olefin random copolymer (J) having a propylene content of 55 to 90% by weight, Intrinsic viscosity [η] of propylene-α-olefin random copolymer (J)JIs 1.3 to 3.5 dl / g, and the intrinsic viscosity of the propylene-α-olefin copolymer (H) is [η].HIntrinsic viscosity ratio [η]J/ [Η]HIs 0.5 to 1.3, and the weight of the propylene-α-olefin copolymer (H) is WHAnd the weight of the propylene-α-olefin copolymer (J) is WJThe weight ratio WH/ WJAnd intrinsic viscosity ratio [η]H/ [Η]JProduct ([η]H/ [Η]J) X (WH/ WJ) In the range of 0.7 to 4.5.
[0015]
The propylene-α-olefin random copolymer (H), which is a component constituting the propylene-based copolymer composition (X), has a propylene content of 90 wt% or more and 98 wt% or less, more preferably 94 wt% or more. It is a random copolymer of 98% by weight or less. When the propylene content is 90% by weight or more, the heat resistance during the formation of the multilayer film is sufficient.
[0016]
In the propylene-α-olefin random copolymer (H), the α-olefin copolymerized with propylene is not particularly limited. Specifically, ethylene, 1-butene, 1-pentene, 1-hexene, 1-octene, 1-decene, 1-dodecene, 4-methyl-1-pentene, 3-methyl-1-pentene and the like can be mentioned. These α-olefins may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Of these, ethylene is preferable from the viewpoint of production cost.
[0017]
The propylene-α-olefin random copolymer (J), which is a component constituting the propylene-based copolymer composition (X), has a propylene content of 55 to 90% by weight, preferably 55 to 85% by weight. It is a copolymer. If the content of propylene is within the above range, the resulting polyolefin polyolefin film for agriculture has sufficient impact resistance and flexibility at low temperatures and good transparency.
[0018]
In the propylene-α-random copolymer (J), the α-olefin copolymerized with propylene is not particularly limited, but specifically, ethylene, 1-butene, 1-pentene, 1-hexene, 1 -Octene, 1-decene, 1-dodecene, 4-methyl-1-pentene, 3-methyl-1-pentene and the like can be mentioned. These α-olefins may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Of these, ethylene is preferable from the viewpoint of production cost.
[0019]
The propylene-α-olefin random copolymer (J) has an intrinsic viscosity [η] measured in tetralin at 135 ° C.JIs 1.3 to 3.5 dl / g, more preferably 1.5 to 3.0 dl / g, and the intrinsic viscosity of propylene-α-olefin random copolymer (H) measured in tetralin at 135 ° C. [Η]HAnd intrinsic viscosity ratio [η]J/ [Η]HIs 0.5 to 1.3, preferably 0.6 to 1.2.
[0020]
The intrinsic viscosity [η]JAffects the transparency of the propylene-based copolymer composition (X), and the intrinsic viscosity ratio [η]J/ [Η]HAffects the dispersibility of the propylene-α-olefin random copolymer (J) into the propylene-α-olefin random copolymer (H). Intrinsic viscosity [η] of propylene-α-olefin random copolymer (J)JIs smaller, the productivity of agricultural polyolefin-based multilayer film is improved, and the intrinsic viscosity ratio [η]J/ [Η]HIs within the above range, the transparency is excellent.
[0021]
In the propylene-based copolymer composition (X) used in the present invention, the weight ratio W between the propylene-α-olefin random copolymer (H) and the propylene-α-olefin random copolymer (J).H/ WJIs the intrinsic viscosity ratio [η]J/ [Η]HProduct ([η]J/ [Η]H) X (WH/ WJ) Is 0.7 to 4.5. If the product of the intrinsic viscosity ratio and the weight ratio is within the above range, the propylene-based copolymer composition (X) has good film-forming properties, and the resulting agricultural polyolefin-based multilayer film has good impact resistance. is there.
[0022]
The specific composition of the propylene-based copolymer composition (X) used in the present invention is 10 to 50% by weight of the propylene-α-olefin random copolymer (J) based on the composition. When the propylene-α-olefin random copolymer (J) is within this range, the propylene-based copolymer composition (X) and the resulting agricultural polyolefin-based multilayer film are excellent in transparency and toughness.
[0023]
The melt flow rate (230 ° C., load 21.18 N, hereinafter referred to as “MFR”) of the propylene-based copolymer composition (X) is the moldability of the propylene-based copolymer composition (X) and the obtained agricultural product From the viewpoint of the appearance of the polyolefin-based multilayer film, 0.1 to 50 g / 10 min is preferable, and 0.2 to 20 g / 10 min is more preferable. If MFR is the said range, the surface smoothness of the agricultural-use polyolefin-type multilayer film obtained is favorable, and transparency and toughness are also sufficient.
[0024]
The propylene-based copolymer composition (X) used in the present invention may be produced by any method as long as the above properties are satisfied. Of course, the propylene-α-olefin random copolymer (H) and the propylene-α-olefin copolymer (J) used in the present invention, which are produced separately, are mixed using a mixing device, and the propylene copolymer is obtained. The composition (X) may be produced, but preferably, the method disclosed in WO 97/19135, JP-A-10-316810, that is, a supported titanium-containing solid catalyst and an organoaluminum compound Propylene-α-olefin random copolymer (H) is produced using an olefin polymerization catalyst, and propylene-α-olefin random copolymer is subsequently produced in the presence of propylene-α-olefin random copolymer (H). This is to produce the union (J) and continuously produce the propylene-based copolymer composition (X). The propylene-based copolymer composition (X) can be produced by the above-described method, and a commercially available product having a desired specification can be selected and used.
[0025]
In the case where a propylene-based copolymer composition (X) is obtained by continuously producing a propylene-α-olefin random copolymer (H) and a propylene-α-olefin random copolymer (J), a propylene-based copolymer composition (X) is obtained. Intrinsic viscosity [η] of the propylene-α-olefin random copolymer (J) in the copolymer composition (X)JCan not be measured directly, the intrinsic viscosity [η] of the propylene-α-olefin random copolymer (H) that can be directly measuredHAnd the intrinsic viscosity [η] of the entire propylene-based copolymer composition (X)W HOLEAnd weight% W of copolymerJFrom the following equation (1) [Η]J= {[Η]WHOLE-(1-WJ/ 100) [η]H} / (WJ/ 100) (1)
[0026]
In the present invention, when the propylene-based copolymer composition (X) is used as the propylene-based polymer for the blend of the inner and outer layers B, an α-olefin having 3 to 18 carbon atoms, preferably 3 to 10 carbon atoms, is used. 30% by weight, preferably 20-30% by weight, density 0.850-0.920 g / cm3When the ethylene-α-olefin copolymer (G) is added to the propylene-based copolymer composition (X), the intermediate and outer layers B of the resulting agricultural polyolefin-based multilayer film are adjacent to other layers. Prevention of delamination occurring at the interface and improvement of resistance to stretch whitening are achieved, and no stickiness occurs.
[0027]
The ethylene-α-olefin copolymer (G) is not particularly limited as long as it satisfies the above requirements. For example, ethylene and an α-olefin having 3 to 18 carbon atoms may be palladium, A low density ethylene-α-olefin copolymer polymerized using a transition metal complex catalyst such as nickel or an ethylene-α-olefin copolymer using a single site catalyst is used. An ethylene-α-olefin copolymer polymerized using a site catalyst is desirable in terms of transparency, toughness, and flexibility of the multilayer film.
[0028]
Specific examples of the α-olefin used in the ethylene-α-olefin copolymer (G) include ethylene, 1-butene, 1-pentene, 1-hexene, 1-octene, 1-decene, 1-dodecene, 4- Examples thereof include methyl-1-pentene and 3-methyl-1-pentene. These α-olefins may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Among these, 1-octene is preferable from the viewpoint of flexibility and improvement of stretch whitening of the multilayer film.
[0029]
The addition amount of the ethylene-α-olefin copolymer (G) with respect to the propylene-based copolymer composition (X) is preferably 10 to 30% by weight based on the blend of the propylene-based polymer for the middle and outer layers B. Is preferably 15 to 25% by weight. If the addition amount is within this range, delamination does not easily occur in the resulting agricultural polyolefin-based multilayer film, and the toughness is sufficient.
[0030]
The polyolefin resin used in the blend of the outer layer A of the present invention is an α-olefin homopolymer or a copolymer with a different monomer mainly containing an α-olefin, and as a catalyst used for polymerization, There is no limitation in particular, It manufactures using what can be used for normal polymerization, such as a Ziegler Natta catalyst and a single site catalyst. For example, a propylene homopolymer, a propylene copolymer which is a copolymer of propylene and ethylene, 1-butene, 1-pentene or 1-hexene, an ethylene homopolymer, ethylene and 1-butene, 1-pentene or Examples include ethylene copolymers which are copolymers with 1-hexene, 4-methyl-1-pentene, 1-octene or vinyl acetate. These resins may be used alone or in combination of two or more. May be used.
[0031]
Among them, the polyolefin resin used for the outer layer A includes a propylene copolymer composition (X) used for the middle and outer layers B, a density of 0.88 to 0.935 g / polymerized using a single site catalyst. cm3The ethylene-α-olefin copolymer is preferable in terms of strength and antifouling property, and has a density of 0.88 to 0.935 g / cm polymerized using a single site catalyst.3The ethylene-α-olefin copolymer is particularly preferable in terms of transparency and flexibility.
[0032]
The vinyl acetate content of the ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer constituting the blend of the middle layer C used in the present invention is 10 to 25% by weight, preferably 15 from the viewpoints of flexibility, compatibility with additives, and price. ~ 25% by weight. Further, the antifogging agent is added to the composition of the middle layer C in an amount of 1 to 6% by weight, preferably 1.5 to 5% by weight.
[0033]
The vinyl acetate content of the ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer constituting the blend of the inner layer D used in the present invention is 8 to 20% by weight, preferably from the viewpoint of flexibility, compatibility with additives, and cost. 10 to 20% by weight. The vinyl acetate content of the ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer used for the middle inner layer D is preferably the same as or less than the vinyl acetate content of the ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer used for the middle layer C.
Further, the antifogging agent is added to the composition of the inner inner layer D in an amount of 1 to 5% by weight, preferably 1.5 to 4.5% by weight. It is preferable that the content of the antifogging agent in the formulation of the middle inner layer D is the same as or less than the content of the antifogging agent in the formulation of the middle layer C.
[0034]
The vinyl acetate content of the ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer constituting the blend of the inner layer E used in the present invention is 3 to 10% by weight, preferably 5 from the viewpoints of flexibility, compatibility with additives, and price. -10% by weight. The vinyl acetate content of the ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer used for the inner layer E is preferably the same as or less than the vinyl acetate content of the ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer used for the inner inner layer D.
Further, the antifogging agent is added to the blend of the inner layer E in an amount of 0.5 to 3% by weight, preferably 1.0 to 2.5% by weight. The antifogging agent content of the inner layer E formulation is preferably less than the antifogging agent content of the inner inner layer D formulation. When the content of the antifogging agent in the blend of the inner layer E exceeds 3% by weight, the film anti-fogging agent bleeds onto the inner surface of the film, which may cause a decrease in film transparency and film stickiness.
[0035]
Antifogging agents used above include nonionic surfactants, cationic surfactants, anionic surfactants, amphoteric surfactants, etc., the degree of esterification of antifogging agents, the chain length of alkyl groups, Examples thereof include those obtained by changing the number of added moles of alkylene oxide or the purity thereof. Examples thereof include partial carboxylic acid esters of polyhydric alcohols such as sorbitan monopalmitate, diglycerin sesquistearate, glycerin monostearate, polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate, polyoxyethylene sorbitan monobehenate, etc. Polyoxyethylene derivatives of partial carboxylic acid esters of alcohols, amines and fatty acid amides.
[0036]
An inorganic filler can be added to the composition of each layer of the polyolefin-based multilayer film for agriculture of the present invention for the purpose of improving the heat retention of the multilayer film. Examples of the inorganic filler include silicic acid compounds such as silicon oxide, magnesium silicate, aluminum silicate, and calcium silicate, aluminosilicate compounds such as calcium aluminosilicate, sodium aluminosilicate, and potassium aluminosilicate, alumina, sodium aluminate, potassium aluminate, and aluminum. Aluminate compounds such as calcium acid, calcium carbonate, lithium / aluminum composite hydroxide salt compounds represented by the following formula (2), formula (3), formula (4) and formula (5) One or more inorganic fillers selected from the group of hydrotalcite-based compounds represented by (6) can be mentioned.
[0037]
(Where A2 n-Is an n-valent anion, m is a number in the range of 0 ≦ m ≦ 3, and n is a number in the range of 1 ≦ n ≦ 3. )
[0038]
(Where An-Represents an n-valent anion, and m represents a number of 3 or less. )
[0039]
(Where M2+Is a divalent metal ion, m is a number in the range of 0 ≦ m <5, x is a number in the range of 0 ≦ x <1, and y is a number in the range of 2 ≦ y ≦ 4. )
[0040]
(Where M2+Is a divalent metal ion, An-Is an n-valent anion, m is a number in the range of 0 ≦ m <5, x is a number in the range of 0.01 ≦ x <1, and n is a number in the range of 1 ≦ n ≦ 3. Show. )
[0041]
(Where M2+Is Mg2+, Ca2+And Zn2+At least one divalent metal ion selected from the group consisting of A1 n-Is an n-valent anion, x is a number in the range of 0 <x <0.5, m is a number in the range of 0 ≦ m ≦ 2, and n is a number in the range of 1 ≦ n ≦ 3. )
[0042]
As said inorganic filler, the BET specific surface area measured according to JIS Z 8830 is 5-50 m.2/ G, preferably 5-20m2/ G is preferably used. If the BET specific surface area is in this range, the antifogging performance and the antifogging performance due to the migration of the antifogging agent and the antifogging agent to the film surface are sufficient, and their sustainability is sufficient.
[0043]
The amount of the inorganic filler added to the composition constituting at least one of the outer layer A, the middle outer layer B, the middle layer C, the middle inner layer D and the inner layer E is preferably 10% by weight or less, but the blending constituting the outer layer A or the inner layer E The amount added to the product is desirably 5% by weight or less, and if the amount added is within this range, the heat retaining property of the multilayer film is sufficient, and the transparency and mechanical properties are not significantly lowered.
[0044]
In the present invention, a modifying resin that is usually used for an agricultural film as long as it does not impair the object of the present invention in the composition constituting the outer layer A, the outer layer B, the intermediate layer C, the inner layer D, and the inner layer E And additives can be blended. Examples of the additive include a weather resistance agent, an antifogging agent, an ultraviolet absorber, an antistatic agent, a lubricant, an antioxidant, a heat stabilizer, an antibacterial agent, and a dye / colorant.
[0045]
As a method for obtaining a composition constituting the outer layer A, the middle outer layer B, the middle layer C, the middle inner layer D, and the inner layer E, a desired additive is added to the olefin resin used in each layer, and a Henschel mixer (trade name) ) And the like, and a method of mixing with a normal blending apparatus such as a blender with a high-speed stirrer and a ribbon blender and a tumbler mixer, and a method of pelletizing with a normal single-screw extruder or twin-screw extruder. It can be illustrated.
[0046]
The thickness of the agricultural polyolefin-based multilayer film of the present invention varies depending on the place of use, the service life, and the like, but generally a film having a thickness of about 0.05 to 0.3 mm is preferably used. Thickness T of outer layer Aa, Thickness T of the inner and outer layers Bb ,Middle layer C thickness TC ,Middle inner layer D thickness TdAnd thickness T of inner layer EeIs not particularly limited, but Ta: Tb: Tc: Td: TeThe range of = 1-5: 1-2: 1-5: 1-5: 1-5 is preferable. Thickness T of middle / outer layer BbIs within this range, the anti-fouling property, anti-fogging durability and flexibility of the resulting agricultural polyolefin-based multilayer film are good.
[0047]
The polyolefin multilayer film for agriculture of the present invention can be produced by a known technique such as an inflation method or a T-die method using the above-mentioned composition, and further, a dust-proof coating agent or an anti-fogging coating agent is applied and dried. A coating film may be formed on the surface.
[0048]
The polyolefin-based multilayer film for agriculture of the present invention may be transparent or satin, and may be used for applications such as mulching other than covering for agricultural houses (greenhouses), tunnels, and bagging.
[0049]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically described with reference to Examples and Comparative Examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto. In addition, evaluation of the polyolefin-type multilayer film for agriculture in an Example and a comparative example was implemented with the following method.
[0050]
(A) Tensile modulus (flexibility: Young's modulus): According to ASTM D882, the longitudinal (MD) and transverse (TD) tensile modulus of the film sample was measured.
[0051]
(B) Anti-fog duration
Use a water bath similar to that used for the low-temperature anti-fogging property, fix the film over the entire skylight, leave it under the conditions of an environmental temperature of 5 ° C and a water temperature of 40 ° C, and evaluate it according to the following evaluation criteria. And the period when the level of 3 or more was maintained was made into the anti-fog lasting days. The longer the number of days, the better the antifogging sustainability.
5: There is no adhesion of water droplets and the film is uniformly wet.
4: Water droplets adhere to an area of less than 25% of the entire film.
3: Water droplets adhere to an area of 25 to 50% of the entire film.
2: Water droplets adhere to an area of 50 to 75% of the entire film.
1: Water droplets adhere to an area of 75% or more of the entire film.
[0052]
(C) Total light transmittance and haze: According to JIS K 7105, a product for 2 weeks after film production was measured using a color computer “HGM-2K” (trade name, manufactured by Suga Test Instruments Co., Ltd.). As the haze is smaller, the transparency is better.
[0053]
(D) Density: Measured according to JIS K 7112.
[0054]
(E) Melt flow rate: Measured according to JIS K 7210 under conditions of a temperature of 190 ° C. or 230 ° C. and a load of 21.18 N.
[0055]
(F) Stretching test (antifouling property): Prevented by film haze (see (c) above) after 6 months and 12 months after the film was stretched into an arched pipe house (frontage 4.5m, length 15m) The soiling was evaluated. The smaller the value, the better the antifouling property.
[0056]
Examples 1-7, Comparative Examples 1-7
A composition for each layer was prepared according to the composition of each layer of the polyolefin-based multilayer film for agriculture described in Table 1 and the prescription of the common composition described below. Using the resulting blend, a multilayer film having a thickness of 0.1 mm was formed at a molding temperature of 180 ° C. using a five-type five-layer inflation multilayer extruder having five 50 mmφ extruders. The thickness ratio of each layer of the multilayer film is outer layer: middle / outer layer: intermediate layer: middle inner layer: inner layer = 1: 1: 2: 2: 2.
The evaluation results of the obtained multilayer film are shown in Table 1.
[0057]
In addition, the symbol and content of the resin used for the compound which comprises each layer of the multilayer film described in Table 1 are as follows.
LLDPE: linear low density polyethylene (ethylene-α-olefin copolymer), Dowlex 2045AC (trade name, manufactured by Dow Chemical Co., Ltd.), MFR (190 ° C.) = 1.0 g / 10 min, density = 0 .920 g / cm3.
M-PE1: Single-site catalyst-based ethylene-α-olefin copolymer, Elite 5400 (trade name, manufactured by Dow Chemical Co., Ltd.), MFR (190 ° C.) = 1.
0 g / 10 min, density = 0.916 g / cm3.
PP: propylene polymer, Chisso Polypro XF7553 (trade name, Chisso Corporation)
Manufactured), MFR (230 ° C.) = 12.0 g / 10 min.
PP copolymer X: propylene-based copolymer composition (X), Chissopolypro NHF5014 (trade name, manufactured by Chisso Corporation), WH/ WJ= 2.0, intrinsic viscosity [η]WHOLE= 1.9 dl / g, intrinsic viscosity ratio [η]H/ [Η]J= 0.5, ([η]
H/ [Η]J) X (WH/ WJ) = 1.04, MFR (230 ° C.) = 2.5 g / 10 min.
M-PE2: Single-site catalyst-based ethylene-α-olefin copolymer, Engage 8100 (trade name, manufactured by Dow Chemical Co., Ltd.), MFR (190 ° C.) = 1.0 g / 10 min, density = 0.870 g / Cm3.
EVA (5%): ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer having a vinyl acetate content of 5% by weight, NUC3250 (trade name, manufactured by Nippon Unicar Co., Ltd.), MFR (190 ° C.) = 1.
5 g / 10 min, density = 0.93 g / cm3.
EVA (7.5%): ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer having a vinyl acetate content of 7.5% by weight, NUC3270 (trade name, manufactured by Nihon Unicar Co., Ltd.), MFR (190 ° C.) = 2.3 g / 10 Min, density = 0.93 g / cm3.
EVA (20%): ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer having a vinyl acetate content of 20% by weight,
NUC3888 (trade name, manufactured by Nippon Unicar Co., Ltd.), MFR (190 ° C.) = 1.5 g / 10 min, density = 0.95 g / cm3.
EVA (18%): ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer having a vinyl acetate content of 18% by weight,
NUC3765 (trade name, manufactured by Nippon Unicar Co., Ltd.), MFR (190 ° C.) = 1.5 g / 10 min, density = 0.94 g / cm3.
EVA (15%): ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer having a vinyl acetate content of 15% by weight,
NUC8452D (trade name, manufactured by Nippon Unicar Co., Ltd.), MFR (190 ° C)
= 1.0 g / 10 min, density = 0.94 g / cm3.
LDPE: Low density polyethylene, NUC8506 (trade name, manufactured by Nihon Unicar Co., Ltd.), MFR (190 ° C.) = 0.8 g / 10 min, density = 0.923 g / cm3.
Inorganic filler 1: synthetic hydrotalcite (manufactured by Kyowa Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.).
Inorganic filler 2: condensed silicate of lithium / aluminum / magnesium composite hydroxide (manufactured by Fuji Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.).
Antifogging agent 1: amine ester antifogging agent (manufactured by Kao Corporation).
Antifogging agent 2: diglycerin ester antifogging agent (manufactured by Kao Corporation).
[0058]
Moreover, the common compounding composition except for the resin of each multilayer film described in Table 1 (shown collectively as “other additives” for each layer in Table 1) is the weather resistance in the outer layer A on the basis of the compound. 0.3% by weight of an agent, 0.1% by weight of an ultraviolet absorber, 0.1% by weight of a phenol stabilizer, 0.1% by weight of a phosphorus stabilizer, 0.2% by weight of calcium stearate, 0.1% of an antiblocking agent % By weight, antistatic agent 0.2% by weight, weathering agent 0.3% by weight, UV absorber 0.1% by weight, phenol-based stabilizer 0.1% by weight, phosphorus-based stabilizer 0.1% % By weight, calcium stearate 0.2% by weight, intermediate layer C, inner layer D, weathering agent 0.3% by weight, UV absorber 0.1% by weight, phenol-based stabilizer 0.1% by weight, phosphorus-based stabilizer 0.1% by weight, calcium stearate 0.2% , 0.2% by weight of antifoggant, 0.3% by weight of weathering agent in inner layer E, 0.1% by weight of UV absorber, 0.1% by weight of phenol stabilizer, 0.1% by weight of phosphorus stabilizer %, Calcium stearate 0.2% by weight, anti-blocking agent 0.1% by weight, antistatic agent 0.2% by weight, and antifogging agent 0.2% by weight.
[0059]
[Table 1]
[0060]
【The invention's effect】
As can be seen from Table 1, the agricultural polyolefin-based multilayer film of the present invention is excellent in transparency, antifogging sustainability and antifouling property.
Claims (4)
(1)ポリオレフィン系樹脂の配合物からなる外層A。
(2)プロピレン系重合体の配合物からなる中外層B。
(3)酢酸ビニル含有量が10〜25重量%のエチレン酢酸ビニル共重合体からなり、防曇剤1〜6重量%を含有する配合物からなる中層C。
(4)酢酸ビニル含有量が8〜20重量%のエチレン酢酸ビニル共重合体からなり、防曇剤1〜5重量%を含有する組成物からなる中内層D。
(5)酢酸ビニル含有量が3〜10重量%のエチレン酢酸ビニル共重合体からなり、防曇剤0.5〜3重量%を含有する配合物からなる内層E。A polyolefin-based multilayer film comprising at least the following five layers, wherein five layers are laminated in the order of an outer layer A, a middle-outer layer B, a middle layer C, a middle inner layer D, and an inner layer E.
(1) Outer layer A comprising a blend of polyolefin resin.
(2) Middle and outer layers B comprising a blend of propylene polymers.
(3) Middle layer C comprising an ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer having a vinyl acetate content of 10 to 25% by weight and comprising a composition containing 1 to 6% by weight of an antifogging agent.
(4) Middle inner layer D comprising a composition comprising an ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer having a vinyl acetate content of 8 to 20% by weight and containing 1 to 5% by weight of an antifogging agent.
(5) Inner layer E made of an ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer having a vinyl acetate content of 3 to 10% by weight and comprising a blend containing 0.5 to 3% by weight of an antifogging agent.
プロピレン系共重合体組成物(X):
プロピレン含有量が90重量%以上であるプロピレン−α−オレフィンランダム共重合体(H)とプロピレン含有量が55〜90重量%であるプロピレン−α−オレフィンランダム共重合体(J)とからなり、プロピレン−α−オレフィンランダム共重合体(J)の極限粘度[η]Jが1.3〜3.5dl/gであり、プロピレン−α−オレフィン共重合体(H)の極限粘度を[η]Hとしたときの極限粘度比[η]J/[η]Hが0.5〜1.3であり、かつプロピレン−α−オレフィン共重合体(H)の重量をWHとし、プロピレン−α−オレフィン共重合体(J)の重量をWJとしたとき、これらの重量比WH/WJと極限粘度比[η]H/[η]Jとの積([η]H/[η]J)×(WH/WJ)が0.7〜4.5の範囲にあるプロピレン系共重合体組成物。The agricultural polyolefin-based multilayer film according to claim 1, wherein the blend of the propylene-based polymer comprises the following propylene-based copolymer composition (X).
Propylene-based copolymer composition (X):
A propylene-α-olefin random copolymer (H) having a propylene content of 90% by weight or more and a propylene-α-olefin random copolymer (J) having a propylene content of 55 to 90% by weight, the intrinsic viscosity [eta] J propylene -α- olefin random copolymer (J) is 1.3~3.5dl / g, propylene -α- olefin copolymer intrinsic viscosity (H) [η] the intrinsic viscosity ratio when the H [η] J / [η ] H is 0.5 to 1.3, and propylene -α- olefin copolymer weight (H) and W H, propylene -α - when the olefin copolymer weight (J) was W J, these weight W H / W J and the intrinsic viscosity ratio [η] H / [η] product of J ([η] H / [ η ] J) × (W H / W J) is in the range of 0.7 to 4.5 Propylene copolymer composition.
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JP2014209903A (en) * | 2013-04-01 | 2014-11-13 | 住友化学株式会社 | Polyolefin-based agricultural film, and facility for agricultural/horticultural use |
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JP2020176263A (en) * | 2019-04-19 | 2020-10-29 | 住友化学株式会社 | Film and agricultural and horticultural facilities |
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JP2014209903A (en) * | 2013-04-01 | 2014-11-13 | 住友化学株式会社 | Polyolefin-based agricultural film, and facility for agricultural/horticultural use |
WO2017004786A1 (en) * | 2015-07-07 | 2017-01-12 | Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. | Multilayer films and methods of making same |
US20180134017A1 (en) * | 2015-07-07 | 2018-05-17 | Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. | Multilayer Films and Methods of Making the Same |
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US11319419B2 (en) | 2017-05-11 | 2022-05-03 | Dow Global Technologies Llc | Multilayer polyolefin greenhouse films with high transparency |
JP2020176263A (en) * | 2019-04-19 | 2020-10-29 | 住友化学株式会社 | Film and agricultural and horticultural facilities |
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