JP2005042510A5 - - Google Patents

Description

Soil improvement machine

  The present invention relates to a soil improvement machine that mixes earth and sand such as residual soil and an improving material, sifts and loosens the earth and sand, removes foreign matter, and improves the earth and sand so that it can be reused.

As an apparatus that can be reused by mixing an improving material such as lime with the remaining soil generated by construction or civil engineering work, for example, a remaining soil improving apparatus disclosed in JP-A-9-78627 (Patent Document 1), The soil mixing improvement machine etc. of open 2001-152484 (patent document 2) are known.
In the former, the weight of the remaining soil was measured with a weighing hopper while the remaining soil was conveyed by a belt conveyor, and the kneading material corresponding to this was mixed, and it was essential to measure the weight of the sand using a load cell. .
In the latter case, based on the detection value obtained by the conveyance amount detection means, the solidification material addition amount control means controls the electric motor of the solidification material feeder to control the addition amount of the solidification material.
See FIG. 3 in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-78627. Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-152483 Refer to FIG.

In the conventional configuration, the weight value of earth and sand such as residual soil is measured or corrected, and the amount of improvement material mixed in is adjusted based on this value. The weight of the residual soil is accurately measured using a sensor. There is a disadvantage that the structure is complicated and the apparatus becomes large, such as controlling an electric motor, and the cost is unavoidable.
The present invention was devised in view of the above circumstances, and its main problem is that the earth and sand such as residual soil is moved along the transport cylinder, and the earth and sand pushes open the operation plate that closes the transport cylinder. Provided is a soil quality improvement machine in which a control valve provided integrally with an operation plate rotates to open an improvement material inlet, and the improvement material is supplied onto a transfer cylinder so that it can be mixed with the earth and sand with a simple configuration. There is.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides
A first supply port for supplying earth and sand, a second supply port for supplying an improvement material corresponding to the amount of earth and sand supplied from the first supply port, and the first supply port and the second supply port Containing earth and sand and improvement material, consisting of a transport cylinder that transports toward the discharge port provided on the tip side,
Mixing and agitating while transporting the sand and other improvement materials introduced in the transport cylinder and stirring, and sieving with a sorting unit on the basis of a certain particle size, discharged from separate outlets, Technical measures are taken.
In the invention of claim 2,
There is a first supply port for earth and sand on the upstream side, a second supply port for improving material is provided on the downstream side adjacent to the first supply port, and the earth and sand supplied from the first supply port and the second supply port A transport cylinder for storing the improvement material and transporting toward the discharge port provided on the tip side is provided, and an operation plate is formed integrally with a control valve that opens and closes the second supply port, and the operation plate is the first plate. It is arranged to be openable and closable at a position that closes the passage of earth and sand supplied from the supply port to the transport cylinder, and when the earth and sand moves through the passage, the operation plate is pushed open to displace the control valve. The technical means of opening the supply port and supplying the improved material is taken.
In the invention of claim 3,
The conveying cylinder is disposed so as to be inclined downward toward the discharge port, is held rotatably about the axis of the cylinder, and a stirring unit that mixes and stirs the introduced earth and sand and the improving material; A technology that has a mesh-like sorting section that sifts out the agitated earth and sand, and the improved earth and sand and foreign substances are separated by the sorting section and each is discharged from a separate outlet. Take appropriate measures.
In the invention of claim 4,
The technical means is provided that an earth and sand leveling unit including a vibration feeder for leveling and moving at least the loaded earth and sand into the conveyance cylinder is provided on the upstream side of the conveyance cylinder.
In the invention of claim 5,
Provided on the upstream side of the transport cylinder is a conveyor for transferring the earth and sand supplied from the first supply port and the second supply port into the transport cylinder, and the first supply port on the upstream side of the working plate on the conveyor. Technical measures are taken that there is an earth and sand leveling part that forms an earth and sand leveling plate that equalizes the earth and sand thrown in from.
Furthermore, in the invention of claim 6,
An auxiliary operating plate is provided upstream of the operating plate provided in the control valve, which closes the conveying cylinder at the downstream side of the first supply port and is opened by the movement of earth and sand. Technical measures are taken such that the auxiliary operating plate is pushed in the opening direction to displace the control valve to the open position and the improving material can be introduced.
In the invention of claim 7,
Technical means that the control valve comprises a first control valve interlocked with the operation plate and a manually operated second control valve, and the first control valve is provided with an operation plate for soil detection. I'm taking it.
In the invention of claim 8,
The first control valve integrally has a lid piece that closes the upper side of the second control valve in a standby posture in which the operating piece closes the transport cylinder, and when the operating piece is displaced to the open position, the lid piece Takes the technical measure of opening and opening between the first control valve and the second control valve.
In the invention of claim 9,
The first supply port is formed at the lower end of the earth and sand charging hopper, and the hopper moves to be able to return to the outside using a telescopic means such as a cylinder together with a conveying means for conveying the earth and sand into the conveying cylinder. We are taking technical measures to enlarge the opening at the top of the hopper and make it easier to put earth and sand.
Furthermore, in the invention of claim 10,
The technical means that the soil improvement machine is mounted on the vehicle is taken.

According to this invention, the weight of the residual soil is measured, it is not necessary to measure the supply amount of the improvement material based on the numerical value, the amount of the residual soil to be input is specified by the inclination of the operation plate and the inclination time thereof, Since the improvement material is supplied by opening the supply port of the improvement material storage chamber for the inclination time, the remaining soil and the improvement material can be mixed with a simple configuration.
Moreover, since the soil improvement machine can be reduced in size, it can also be mounted on a truck where the installation location is selected.

  In the following, preferred embodiments of the soil improvement machine of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  The soil improvement machine 1 shown in Example 1 of FIG. 1 includes a transport cylinder 2 made of a cylinder and having a discharge port 5, a sediment leveling unit 20 provided on the upstream side of the transport cylinder 2, and its It has an earth and sand charging hopper 6 disposed on top, and an improvement material storage chamber 7 provided adjacent thereto.

[Conveying cylinder]
In the case of the present embodiment, the transport cylinder 2 is formed of a cylinder having one end serving as an inlet portion 2a and having discharge ports 5a and 5b formed on the peripheral surface on the other end side.
In the present embodiment, as the conveying means of the conveying cylinder 2, the discharge ports 5a and 5b are inclined downward so that the discharge ports 5a and 5b are downward, and the introduced residual soil and the improved material are easily dropped by their own weight. .

And this conveyance cylinder 2 is bearing by the support means not shown on the installation surface so that it may rotate centering on the axis line of a cylinder by the drive part 2b.
The transfer cylinder 2 has a stirring portion 3 for stirring the introduced residual soil and the improving material between the inlet portion 2a and the discharge ports 5a and 5b, and a mesh shape for screening the stirred earth and sand and the improving material. And a sorting section 4.

[Stirring part]
In the stirring unit 3, stirring blades and stirring rods as the stirring means 3a are projected on the inner peripheral wall of the transport cylinder 2, and the remaining soil and the improved material introduced by the rotation of the transport body 2 are uniformly stirred, Stirring to a uniform ratio.
In addition, for example, if the stirring means is arranged in a screw shape along the cylinder wall of the transport cylinder 2 or has a function of guiding in the transport direction, the stirring blade also serves as a transport means. The cylindrical body 2 does not need to be inclined downward in the conveyance direction, and can be held horizontally.

[Selection part]
Next, in the sorting unit 4, all or a part of the peripheral wall surface of the transport cylinder 2 is formed in a mesh shape to function as a sieve.
That is, the residual soil and foreign matters mixed in the stirring unit 3 are separated according to the size of the mesh of the sorting unit 4, and the small one is sieved from the mesh and discharged from the first outlet 5a. Large foreign matters and lumps pass through the sorting unit 4 as they are and go to the second outlet 5b.

  In this case, the mesh shape is integrally combined with a circumferential wire wound in a screw shape along the peripheral wall on the inner side and a wire extending in the axial direction with respect to the circumferential wire so as to be on the outer side. If it has a mesh shape, the residue can be guided to the discharge port by the rotation of the transport cylinder 2.

[Vent]
In the case of the illustrated example, the discharge port formed in the transport cylinder 2 is a first discharge port 5a of improved residual soil in which the mesh portion of the sorting unit 4 is sieved, and the transport tube 2 is disposed downstream thereof. The 2nd discharge port 5b which opened the surrounding wall of is formed.
A shooter 18 is provided below the first discharge port 5a. When the mesh portion of the sorting unit 4 covers a wide area, the improved residual soil screened down is collected and dropped onto the shooter 18. An auxiliary discharge port (not shown) may be provided.
In addition, it is preferable that the shooter 18 can move the shooter angle and slide so that the improved residual soil can be dropped at a desired position.
Next, the second discharge port 5b is provided with, for example, an open / close door and is kept closed while the transfer cylinder 2 is rotating, and the rotation of the transfer cylinder 2 is stopped at a position where the open / close door is located directly below. The residue can be dropped into the waste storage.

[Sediment leveling section]
The earth and sand leveling unit 20 includes a vibration feeder that is vibrated by the driving unit 21. And it arrange | positions in the upstream of the conveyance cylinder 2 so that it may connect with the inlet part 2a of the said conveyance cylinder 2, and the embankment attitude | position is evenly adjusted by equalizing the residual soil dropped from the earth and sand injection hopper 6 by vibration While being supplied sequentially to the transport cylinder 2.

[Sand loading hopper]
The earth and sand charging hopper 6 is a hopper for charging residual soil generated by excavation at the work site, and a first supply port 6 a formed at the lower end is disposed on the earth and sand leveling unit 20.
This earth and sand charging hopper 6 shares the outer wall 7b of the adjacent improvement material storage chamber 7 with a part of the funnel-shaped wall surface.

[Improvement room]
The improvement material storage chamber 7 is a box that stores lime as an example of the improvement material, and has a second supply port 7a at the lower end for dropping the improvement material to the transport cylinder 2 side.
In the improved material storage chamber 7, the outer wall 7b is an inclined surface, and is a part of the funnel-shaped wall surface of the earth and sand charging hopper 6 as described above.

An upper stirring blade 8b projects from the outer wall 7b at a midway position, and the lower stirring blade 8a is disposed inside the improvement material storage chamber 7 that is coaxial with the upper stirring blade 8b and penetrates the outer wall 7b. Has been.
Therefore, when the remaining soil is introduced along the outer wall 7b, the upper stirring blade 8b is rotated by the flow of the remaining soil, and the lower stirring blade 7a provided coaxially is also rotated, so that the improving material in the improving material storage chamber 7 is rotated. Can be loosened so as not to harden.

[Control valve]
At the lower end of the improvement material storage chamber 7, a second supply port 7 a for introducing the improvement material to the transport cylinder 2 side is formed.
The second supply port 7a is provided with a control valve that senses the introduction of the remaining soil and opens the second supply port 7a.
The control valve of the present embodiment has a pair of configurations of a first control valve 10A that operates by sensing the introduction of remaining soil and a second control valve 10B that operates by manual operation.

10 A of 1st control valves are the valve bodies which have the notch 10a used as a flow path, Comprising: The operating plate 11 for earth and sand detection, The cover piece 12 which block | closes the path | route of this 1st control valve 10A and the 2nd control valve 10B, Is integrated.
The operation plate 11 is in a posture to close the transport cylinder 2. In the illustrated example, the operation plate 11 protrudes downward from the first control valve 10A and is in a position to close the transport cylinder 2 in the vertical position, so that the operation plate 11 always closes the transport cylinder 2 by its own weight. (See FIG. 2).
The lid piece 12 protrudes toward the second control valve 10B and is hooked on the second control valve 10B to close the space between the first control valve 10A and the second control valve 10B.
On the other hand, the 2nd control valve 10B is a valve body which has the notch 10b used as a flow path, and has the lever-shaped operation part 13 integrally.

Therefore, when the remaining soil is introduced from the earth and sand introduction hopper 6 onto the earth and sand leveling portion 20, as described above, it becomes a substantially uniform embankment posture by vibration and is carried to the transport cylinder 2.
During the transfer of the remaining soil, the remaining soil pushes open the working plate 11 (see FIG. 3).
The first control valve 10A is rotated by the displacement of the operation plate 11, the notch 10a is oriented vertically, and the lid piece 12 is opened.

As a result, the second supply port 7a is opened, and the improving material can be put on the remaining soil.
Therefore, while the remaining soil is being transferred by pushing the working plate 11 open, the second supply port 7a is opened to introduce the improving material.
Since the angle at which the operating plate 11 is pushed open changes in proportion to the volume (height) of the embankment of the remaining soil, the first control valve 10A changes the degree of opening of the flow passage in proportion to this angle. If the remaining soil is high (large), the amount of the improved material is large, and when the residual soil is low (small), the small amount of the improved material can be supplied.

When there is no remaining soil, the operating plate 11 returns to the position where the original transport cylinder 2 is closed by the urging force due to its own weight, and the first control valve 10A is returned to the original position in FIG. Close the mouth 7a.
Thereby, without measuring the weight of the remaining soil, the inclination angle of the operation plate 11, that is, the rotation angle of the control valve is determined corresponding to the volume of the remaining soil passing through, and the direction of the notch 10a can be changed. The improvement material corresponding to this can be dropped from the 2nd supply port 7a.

After the first control valve 10A is closed, if the operator further needs to supply the improved soil, the operation unit 13 is manually operated to rotate the second control valve 10B to bring the notch 10b to the open position. Displace (see FIG. 4).
As a result, even if the second control valve 10B is covered by the cover piece 12 of the first control valve 10A, a gap is formed between the second control valve 10B and the notch 10b to form a passage, and the second supply port 7a is opened for improvement. You can drop the material.

Since the soil improvement machine 1 has a relatively small and simple configuration, it can be mounted on a truck bed V or the like as shown in FIG.
Reference numeral 40 is a dust scattering prevention plate that stands on both sides of the loading platform and covers the side of the soil improvement machine 1, and 41 is a conveyor that conveys the earth and sand to the earth and sand injection hopper 6, and is excavated by a bucket loader (not shown). Sediment is introduced.
Reference numeral 18 ′ is a receiving portion provided below the first discharge port 5 a, which can be provided with a discharge shooter or a belt conveyor to take in the improved residual soil.
The code | symbol 19 is a discharge plate which drops the discharge | emission of a large particle size from the 2nd discharge port 5b, and it is preferable to discharge | emit to the opposite side to the discharge direction of the said improved residual soil.
Of course, the in-vehicle structure is not limited to the above embodiment.

[Control Valve of Example 2]
FIG. 5 shows a different embodiment of the soil conditioner 1 using a single control valve 14.
Since the soil improvement machine 1 is the same as the above embodiment except that the configuration of the control valve 14 is different, the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted.
In this embodiment, an auxiliary operation plate 16 that closes the transport cylinder 2 on the downstream side of the first supply port 6a of the earth and sand injection hopper 6 and opens by the movement of the remaining soil is located upstream of the operation plate 15 provided in the control valve 14. Is provided.

In the case of the illustrated example, the auxiliary operation plate 16 is pivotally attached to the lower end of the outer wall 7 b of the improvement material storage chamber 7, assumes a vertical posture, and closes the transport cylinder 2.
On the other hand, the operating plate 15 provided integrally with the control valve 14 is urged so that the lower end thereof is always in contact with the auxiliary operating plate 16.
In the figure, reference numeral 14a denotes a notch that becomes a passage formed in the control valve 14.

Therefore, when the auxiliary operation plate 16 is pushed open by the transfer of the remaining soil dropped from the earth and sand injection hopper 6, the operation plate 15 tilts in conjunction with this, and the control valve 14 is rotated to connect the passage of the notch 14a to the communication position. And the second supply port 7a is opened as shown in FIG.
As a result, the improvement material is dropped from the improvement material storage chamber 7 through between the auxiliary operation plate 16 and the operation plate 15.

FIG. 8 is a front view of the operating plate 15. In the illustrated example, the operating plate 15 has a substantially U-shaped opening 15 a.
Therefore, the improving material is dropped on the remaining soil from the opening 15a or dropped by pushing the lower part of the working plate 15 open.

[Sediment leveling section]
The soil quality improvement machine 1 of Example 3 shown in FIG. 9 shows the Example from which the sediment leveling part differs with respect to the said Example.
This earth and sand improving machine 1 is provided with a conveyor 28 for transferring the earth and sand supplied from the first supply port 6a and the second supply port 7a into the conveyance cylinder 2 on the upstream side of the conveyance cylinder 2. .

In the case of the illustrated example, the conveyor 28 has a known configuration in which an endless rubber belt having protrusions at equal intervals is passed between a driving wheel and a driven wheel, and is circulated while being tensioned by an auxiliary roller.
And on this conveyor 28, the earth and sand leveling board 30 which equalizes the earth and sand thrown in from the 1st supply port 6a substantially uniformly upstream from the action | operation board 15 is formed.
In this embodiment, the earth and sand leveling plate 30 is made of rake and is fixed to the front end of the first supply port 6a.

An auxiliary operation plate 16 is provided in the second supply port 7 a on the downstream side of the operation plate 15 provided in the control valve 14.
Here, the control valve 14 may be configured to open greatly in proportion to the displaced angle of the operating plate 15, but may be configured to open at a constant size so as to introduce a fixed amount of improvement material.

Moreover, it is preferable that the auxiliary | assistant action | operation board 16 is equalized so that the improvement material thrown into the earth and sand may be adjusted to a substantially uniform height.
Of course, the configuration of the control valve and the operation plate (including the auxiliary operation plate) is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and the configurations exemplified in other embodiments of the present invention can be used as appropriate.

As a result, the earth and sand introduced from the first supply port 6a onto the conveyor 28 is leveled to a substantially uniform height by the earth and sand leveling plate 30, and the fixed amount is conveyed by the conveyor 28, which is detected by the operating plate 15. Then, the control valve 14 is opened and a fixed amount of improving material is introduced and transferred into the conveying cylinder 2.
In the figure, reference numeral 25 denotes an annular flip-up plate provided on the input side of the conveying cylinder 2, and 26 denotes a bearing roller that rotatably supports the conveying cylinder 2.
Since other configurations are the same as those in the above embodiment, the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted.

The soil improvement machine 1 shown in FIG. 12 shows a different embodiment that can expand and contract the opening of the earth and sand charging hopper 6.
The soil improvement machine 1 may have the configuration of the embodiment. For example, when the soil improvement machine 1 is illustrated on the basis of the soil improvement machine 1 illustrated in FIG. When the earth and sand are thrown in, the larger the opening of the earth and sand throwing hopper 6 is, the easier it is to work. However, when the vehicle is moving, it is dangerous to protrude outward.
Therefore, there is a feature in that the opening of the earth and sand injection hopper 6 is configured to be expandable and contractible.

In this embodiment, the outer wall surface of the improvement material storage chamber 7 at the fixed position constitutes the inner wall surface of the earth and sand charging hopper 6, and the earth and sand charging hopper 6 is the conveyor 28 in FIG. It is configured to be at a fixed position with respect to the transport means for transporting earth and sand into the transport cylinder 2 such as the shim 20). For example, the base of the earth and sand charging hopper 6 may be fixed to a non-movable portion of the conveyor 28 so as to be interlocked.
Then, using the expansion / contraction means such as the hydraulic cylinder C, the conveyor 28 and the earth and sand introduction hopper 6 as the transfer means are slid outward from the loading platform V indicated by a dotted line from the solid line position in the figure.

In addition, when sliding, it is preferable to provide a guide means (not shown) which slides the bearing part of the driving wheel of a conveyor or a driven wheel along a guide rail, for example.
Thereby, since the opening of the earth and sand injection hopper 6 expands and expands, the earth and sand loading work by a bucket etc. can be performed easily.

Further, when the vehicle is moved, the cylinder C can be reduced and the conveyor 28 and the earth and sand injection hopper 6 can be moved to the inside of the loading platform, and can be stored compactly so as not to protrude from the loading platform.
Such an expansion / contraction structure of the earth and sand injection hopper 6 is particularly effective when mounted on a vehicle, but since the merit that can be stored in a compact manner is not limited to when mounted on a vehicle, it can also be applied when installed on the ground or the like.

Since the soil quality improvement machine 1 shown in each of the above embodiments has the above-described configuration, it is possible to automatically supply the improvement material in proportion to the residual soil that has been charged.
Then, the mixed residual soil and the improved material enter the conveying cylinder 2, are stirred by the stirring unit 3, the improved residual soil is sieved by the sorting unit 4, and is used through the shooter 18. Residues are collected and discarded.

In each of the above embodiments, the case where the control valve has a notch-shaped passage has been illustrated, but the shape of the control valve is not particularly limited.
Accordingly, the auxiliary operating plate may be provided without the auxiliary operating plate, and the control unit may open the second supply port by the displacement of the operating plate.
Moreover, although the vibration feeder was used for the earth and sand leveling part, a conveyor may be sufficient.
In the above embodiment, the transport cylinder is inclined and rotated to convey earth and sand or the improved material. However, the transport cylinder does not rotate, and the screw S that rotates inside is provided with other known transport means. Alternatively, the structure may be such that the improved material is conveyed to the discharge side.
When the transport cylinder is fixed in this way, it is not necessary to separate the earth and sand charging hopper 6 and the improvement material storage chamber 7 from the transport cylinder 2, and they can be fixed integrally (see FIG. 10).

Furthermore, the conveying cylinder has a double cylinder structure, the inner cylinder is rotatably supported, the outer cylinder is fixed, screw blades are provided along the outer circumference of the inner cylinder, and the sieve is screened off from the sorting unit. A configuration may be used in which the improved soil can be transferred to the first discharge port provided in the outer cylinder and discharged.
In this case, the second discharge port may be provided with an inner cylinder and discharged through the outer cylinder to the outside.
Furthermore, in the said Example, although the case where the residual soil in an excavation site was reused was illustrated, earth and sand are not restricted to residual soil, The earth and sand etc. which were prepared previously may be sufficient.
In addition, it goes without saying that various design changes can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention.

Since the soil improvement machine can be reduced in size, it can be not only fixed to the installation surface but also movable by attaching wheels, or can be installed on a truck bed or the like to be mounted on the vehicle.
Moreover, the improvement of the earth and sand is not limited to the reuse of the earth and sand excavated on site, and various earth and sand can be used.

It is a side view which shows the outline | summary of the soil improvement machine of 1st Example. It is a principal part enlarged view which shows a motion of a 1st control valve, Comprising: It is a figure which shows the state which the 2nd introduction part closed. It is a principal part enlarged view which shows the state which the 2nd introduction part opened by the displacement of the action | operation board. It is a principal part enlarged view which shows the state which the 2nd introduction part opened by the displacement of the 2nd control valve. It is a side view which shows the outline | summary of the soil improvement machine of 2nd Example. It is a principal part enlarged view which shows the motion of a control valve, Comprising: It is a figure which shows the state which the 2nd introduction part closed. It is a principal part enlarged view which shows the state which the 2nd introduction part opened by the displacement of an auxiliary | assistant action | operation board and an action | operation board. It is a front view of an action | operation board. It is a side view which shows the outline | summary of the soil quality improvement machine of Example 3 from which a sediment leveling part differs. It is a side view at the time of carrying the conveyance cylinder of Example 1 on board. It is a side view which shows another soil improvement machine which fixed the conveyance cylinder. It is a side view of the different Example which made the earth-and-sand injection hopper freely expandable / contractible.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Soil improvement machine 2 Conveying cylinder 3 Stirring part Stirring means 4 Sorting part Net 5 Discharge port 6a 1st supply port
6 Sediment Loading Hopper 7a Second Supply Port 7 Improvement Material Storage Room 8 Stirring Blade 10 Control Valve 10A First Control Valve 11 Actuation Plate 12 Cover Piece 10B Second Control Valve 13 Operation Unit 14 Control Valve 15 Actuation Plate 16 Auxiliary Actuation Plate 20 Sediment leveling unit 21 Vibration feeder drive unit 28 Conveyor 30 Sediment leveling plate