JP2005033960A - Thermoelectric conversion hydrogen battery - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a thermoelectric conversion hydrogen battery capable of efficiently converting thermal energy into electric energy using hydrogen absorbing alloy. <P>SOLUTION: This thermoelectric conversion hydrogen battery comprises a first hydrogen absorbing device (a), a second hydrogen absorbing device (b), and a heat supplying means (c). The first hydrogen absorbing device (a) includes the first hydrogen absorbing alloy of releasing hydrogen at a low temperature or higher . In the second hydrogen absorbing device (b), a hydrogen gas chamber, a hydrogen separation membrane for separating hydrogen molecules into electrons and protons, a proton conduction membrane for re-changing the separated protons into the hydrogen molecules by passing them therethrough and for supplying the hydrogen molecules into the hydrogen gas chamber or the second hydrogen absorbing alloy, and a second hydrogen absorbing alloy releasing of hydrogen at a high temperature, are arranged in this order. The heat supplying means (c) adjusts the temperatures of the first and the second hydrogen absorbing alloys. The hydrogen separation membrane is used for a positive electrode, and the second hydrogen absorbing alloy is used for a negative electrode, or vice versa, thus converting thermal energy of the second hydrogen absorbing alloy into the electric energy. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a thermoelectric conversion hydrogen battery using a hydrogen storage alloy.

  Various thermoelectric materials are known for converting thermal energy into electrical energy. However, the conversion efficiency is as low as several percent, and there is a problem that the cost is high to use it as a primary battery. Therefore, it is only used as a thermocouple for temperature measurement, and has not been practically used as a primary battery.

On the other hand, the hydrogen storage alloy releases heat when storing hydrogen and absorbs heat when releasing hydrogen. That is, when the hydrogen storage alloy stores and releases hydrogen, a reaction represented by the following formula (1) occurs. In the formula (1), “M” means a hydrogen storage alloy, “MH” means a metal hydride of the hydrogen storage alloy, and “ΔH” means energy released from the hydrogen storage alloy. Here, this “ΔH” is usually released as heat.
H ₂ + 2M ← ----> 2MH + ΔH (1)

  Thus, the hydrogen storage alloy generates heat by releasing heat when storing hydrogen. This is because when a hydrogen atom enters the alloy phase of the hydrogen storage alloy to form a metal hydride, the kinetic energy between the atoms decreases, and unnecessary kinetic energy is released to the outside as heat.

  On the contrary, when the hydrogen storage alloy releases hydrogen, energy of ΔH is required. Usually, this ΔH is also given as heat. When heat is applied to the hydrogen storage alloy that has stored hydrogen, the movement of hydrogen atoms in the hydride phase becomes active and is released to the outside of the hydrogen storage alloy. When the hydrogen storage alloy releases hydrogen to the outside as described above, the hydrogen storage alloy returns from the hydride phase to the original alloy phase.

  In this way, heat pumps using hydrogen storage alloys and heat storage systems using hydrogen storage alloys have been studied by utilizing the reaction that the hydrogen storage alloy generates and absorbs heat when storing and releasing hydrogen. Yes.

  Further, Patent Document 1 below also discloses a power generation device that utilizes the fact that hydrogen is released from a hydrogen storage alloy by heating. According to this, a large number of hydrogen storage alloys that occlude hydrogen are prepared, a hydrogen release step by heating and a hydrogen occlusion step by cooling are repeated, and a gas turbine connected to a generator is driven by hydrogen to generate electricity. However, the process is complicated and the apparatus must be large.

  Therefore, in Patent Document 2 below, a pair of two alloy containers that contain a hydrogen storage alloy that serves as an electrode are provided with a gap therebetween, and an electrolyte container that contains an electrolyte is arranged in the gap. A battery medium is constructed by interposing an electrolyte between the hydrogen storage alloys, and a heat medium container for introducing and storing a heat medium to heat or cool the hydrogen storage alloy at the back of each of the alloy containers. A hydrogen storage alloy power generation device characterized by being arranged is disclosed.

Japanese Patent Publication No. 7-13469 Japanese Patent No. 3274356

  Although the hydrogen storage alloy power generation device disclosed in Patent Document 2 can be reduced in size, the hydrogen storage alloy power generation device has only a narrow interval such that an electrolyte membrane is sandwiched between two hydrogen storage alloys to be heated or cooled. For this reason, the heated heat medium and the cooled heat medium are arranged close to each other, and the two hydrogen storage alloys heated or cooled by the heat medium are also arranged very close to each other. It has become.

  Therefore, heat is transferred between the heated heat medium and the cooled heat medium, and heat is transferred between the two hydrogen storage alloys to be heated or cooled regardless of the reaction. As a result, there was a problem that the power generation efficiency was lowered along with the problem of thermal management.

  Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a thermoelectric thermoelectric conversion hydrogen battery that efficiently converts heat energy into electric energy using a hydrogen storage alloy.

  The inventors of the present invention are considering a method of removing heat generated in the hydrogen storage alloy when the hydrogen storage alloy stores hydrogen, and the amount of heat generated in the hydrogen storage alloy when storing hydrogen is converted into electrical energy. We examined whether it could be converted.

As a result, instead of allowing the hydrogen storage alloy to store hydrogen atoms from the hydrogen molecule state, the hydrogen molecule is first separated into protons (H ⁺ ) and electrons (e ⁻ ), and this proton and It was considered that the electric energy possessed by the electrons flowing toward the hydrogen storage alloy can be recovered when the hydrogen storage alloy stores hydrogen atoms generated by recombination with these electrons.

Hereinafter, this principle will be described in more detail.
Gibbs' free energy is shown in equation (2).
ΔG = ΔH−TΔS (2)
“ΔG” means a change in Gibbs free energy, “ΔH” means an enthalpy change, “T” means an absolute temperature, and “ΔS” means an entropy change.
The difference between the potentials V ₁ and V ₂ of different hydrogen storage alloys at a certain temperature is the electromotive force E.
E = V ₁ -V ₂
= (ΔG ₁ / nF) − (ΔG ₂ / nF) (3)
Here, ΔG ₁ = ΔH ₁ −TΔS ₁
ΔG ₂ = ΔH ₂ −TΔS ₂
The electromotive force is caused by the difference in hydrogen affinity of different hydrogen storage alloys at a certain temperature.

  In the equation (1), this ΔH is released from the hydrogen storage alloy as heat when the hydrogen storage alloy stores hydrogen. Therefore, hydrogen is separated into protons and electrons and supplied to the hydrogen storage alloy. In this hydrogen storage alloy, protons and electrons are recombined to generate hydrogen atoms, and the generated hydrogen atoms are stored in the hydrogen storage alloy. Assume that.

  In this case, if ΔG (Gibbs free energy) in ΔH is collected, the electric energy of electrons flowing toward the hydrogen storage alloy is recovered, and the recovered electrons are supplied to the hydrogen storage alloy. The amount of heat released when the generated hydrogen atoms are occluded is considered to be the amount of heat indicated by TΔS (= ΔH−ΔG).

  Then, the present inventor can separate the hydrogen molecules into protons and electrons by using the catalyst layer used in the anode catalyst layer of the fuel cell, thereby recovering the electric energy of the electrons. I thought I should do it. Among them, the necessity of enhancing the heat insulation between the high-temperature heat medium and the low-temperature heat medium was recognized, and the present invention was reached.

  That is, first, the present invention separates a first hydrogen storage device (a) having a first hydrogen storage alloy that releases hydrogen from a low temperature, a hydrogen gas chamber, and hydrogen molecules into electrons and protons. A hydrogen dissociation membrane, a proton conducting membrane that allows the separated protons to pass through, and again supplies them as hydrogen molecules to the hydrogen gas chamber or the second hydrogen storage alloy, and a second hydrogen storage alloy that releases hydrogen from a high temperature. Are arranged in this order, and a second hydrogen storage device (b), and further a heat supply means (c) for adjusting the temperature of the first and second hydrogen storage alloys, the hydrogen dissociation film And a second hydrogen storage alloy as a positive electrode or a negative electrode, and the thermal energy of the second hydrogen storage alloy is converted into electric energy.

  Secondly, the present invention provides a first hydrogen storage device (a) having a first hydrogen storage alloy that releases hydrogen from a low temperature, a hydrogen gas chamber, and a first that separates hydrogen molecules into electrons and protons. The hydrogen dissociation membrane, the proton conduction membrane that passes the separated protons and supplies them again as hydrogen molecules to the hydrogen gas chamber or the second hydrogen storage alloy, the second hydrogen dissociation membrane, and hydrogen from a high temperature. A second hydrogen storage device (b) in which the second hydrogen storage alloy to be released is arranged in this order, and a heat supply means (c) for adjusting the temperature of the first and second hydrogen storage alloys. A thermoelectric conversion hydrogen battery characterized in that the first hydrogen dissociation film and the second hydrogen dissociation film are used as a positive electrode or a negative electrode, and heat energy of the second hydrogen storage alloy is converted into electric energy. It is.

  Thus, the first hydrogen storage device (a) and the second hydrogen storage device (b) are separated via the hydrogen gas chamber. Thereby, both can be insulated and it is advantageous in heat management and temperature management. Also, by insulating both, electrical energy can be efficiently extracted even from a medium-low temperature heat source.

  Here, in the thermoelectric conversion hydrogen battery according to the first and second inventions, the first or second hydrogen storage device is disposed apart from each other, and has means for connecting the hydrogen gas chamber to the two and allowing hydrogen gas to pass therethrough. Can do. Further, a valve for adjusting the hydrogen gas pressure can be provided in the means for allowing the hydrogen gas to pass therethrough. Further, a valve for adjusting the hydrogen gas pressure can be provided in the means for allowing the hydrogen gas to pass therethrough. Thus, in addition to the gas chamber, for example, by providing a hydrogen storage device such as a gas pipe and a means for passing the hydrogen gas through the hydrogen gas chamber, between the first and second hydrogen storage alloys and high-temperature heat. The medium and the low-temperature heat medium are almost completely insulated from each other, facilitating the heat management and temperature management of the thermoelectric conversion hydrogen battery of the present invention, and further improving the power generation efficiency.

In the thermoelectric conversion hydrogen battery of the present invention, the proton conducting membrane is preferably a solid polymer electrolyte membrane.
Moreover, it is preferable to use the thermoelectric conversion hydrogen battery of this invention, laminating | stacking in series.

  Any hydrogen storage alloy may be used as long as ΔH is different. Generally, when the difference of ΔH is 20 or more, it is preferable that a sufficient potential difference can be obtained.

  According to the thermoelectric conversion hydrogen battery of the present invention, it becomes a primary battery capable of efficiently converting a relatively low level heat source into electricity. Further, the secondary battery can be repeatedly charged and discharged.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the hydrogen storage device of the present invention will be described.
In the present invention, the hydrogen dissociation membrane that separates hydrogen molecules into electrons and protons can be formed using a known material used for an anode catalyst layer of, for example, a polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEFC). For example, it can be configured using a material in which a platinum catalyst is supported on carbon powder and a fluorine resin, for example, perfluoroethylenesulfonic acid is mixed. In this case, the catalyst metal is not particularly limited to platinum, and other noble metals belonging to the white metal can be used.

  The hydrogen dissociation membrane is preferably about 5 to 20 μm. The reason for this region is that there is an optimum value in this region in order to achieve both gas diffusivity and the number of active points of Pt.

  The supply of hydrogen molecules (hydrogen gas) to the hydrogen dissociation membrane that separates electrons and protons can be performed with the same configuration as that of the solid polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell. That is, a diffusion layer is preferably laminated on the upstream side of the hydrogen dissociation film with respect to the flow of hydrogen gas so that hydrogen molecules are uniformly supplied to the hydrogen dissociation film. And it is preferable to laminate | stack the collector provided with the hydrogen flow path which supplies hydrogen gas to this diffusion layer. In this case, the hydrogen flow path can be formed by providing a concave groove on the surface of the current collector on the diffusion layer side. Therefore, in this case, the current collector, the diffusion layer, the hydrogen dissociation film, the electrolyte layer, the (hydrogen dissociation film), and the hydrogen storage alloy are laminated in this order.

  In this case, the diffusion layer can be made of the same material as that used for the above-mentioned solid polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell. For example, a known material such as carbon cloth, carbon felt, or carbon paper can be used. In general, the thickness is preferably 100 to 1000 μm, and may be a minimum thickness for ensuring gas diffusibility.

  In addition, the current collector provided with the hydrogen gas flow path can be formed into a normal shape with a material normally used for a solid polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell. For example, it can be configured using an airtight carbon plate, a metal plate having corrosion resistance using JIS G 4311 SUS304 (heat-resistant steel rod), a metal plate subjected to corrosion resistance treatment such as Au plating, or the like.

  As the proton conductive membrane for supplying the separated protons to the hydrogen storage alloy, a solid polymer electrolyte membrane used in a solid polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell can be suitably used. Examples of such a solid polymer electrolyte membrane include perfluorosulfonic acid polymer electrolyte membranes such as DuPont's trade name Nafion and Asahi Glass's trade name Flemion. It is not limited to the electrolyte membrane normally used for a solid polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell, and in short, a material capable of moving hydrogen ions can be appropriately selected and used.

  When a solid polymer electrolyte membrane such as a perfluorosulfonic acid polymer electrolyte membrane is used as the proton conductive membrane, the film thickness is preferably about 10 to 100 μm. If the film thickness is too thin, an electron short circuit or a hydrogen crossover phenomenon will occur, and if it is too thick, it will be difficult to transfer protons to the hydrogen storage alloy.

  As a hydrogen storage alloy for storing hydrogen, a hydrogen storage alloy such as a TiZr system Laves phase alloy or a TiCrV system bcc alloy can be used in addition to a MnNi5 system widely used as a Ni-MH battery. This hydrogen storage alloy is preferably used in powder form. In this case, the particle size of the powder is preferably about 25 to 150 μm. This powdery hydrogen storage alloy can be used in a container made of stainless steel or the like.

  When a sulfonic acid electrolyte membrane is used, the corrosion resistance of the alloy is important because strong acidity is expected. Durability is also improved by applying surface treatment (coating such as Ti or Pd) for improving the corrosion resistance. From the viewpoint of improving durability, the Mg-based alloy is preferably subjected to the above surface treatment.

For reference, the standard enthalpy change in the standard state (absolute temperature: 298 K, pressure 1101325 N / m ² (1 atm)) of the formula (2) when the hydrogen storage alloy becomes a metal hydride, depending on the type of the hydrogen storage alloy. (ΔS ⁰ ), standard entropy change (ΔH ⁰ ), and Gibbs free energy change (ΔG ⁰ ) are different. Accordingly, Table 1 shows the standard entropy change, standard enthalpy change, and Gibbs free energy change of metal hydrides such as MgH ₂ , TiH ₂ , VH ₂ , and TiCoH _1.4 .

  From Table 1, it can be understood that the larger the standard entropy change per mole of hydrogen molecule, the greater the electrical energy that can be recovered per mole of hydrogen molecule.

Hereinafter, examples and comparative examples will be specifically described with reference to the drawings.
In FIG. 5, the outline of the thermoelectric conversion hydrogen battery of a comparative example is shown. A first hydrogen storage alloy that releases hydrogen at a low temperature, and a proton that separates hydrogen molecules into electrons and protons, passes the separated protons, and supplies them as hydrogen molecules again to the first or second hydrogen alloy. The conductive film and the second hydrogen storage alloy that releases hydrogen at high temperature are arranged in this order, and further includes heat supply means for adjusting the temperature of the first and second hydrogen storage alloys, The first and second hydrogen storage alloys are used as positive electrodes or negative electrodes, and the thermal energy of the second hydrogen storage alloy is converted into electrical energy.

  In the case of the comparative example of FIG. 5, since the first hydrogen storage alloy and the second hydrogen storage alloy are arranged with the thin proton conductive membrane sandwiched therebetween, heat is transferred between them and they are close to each other. It is difficult to insulate even between a high-temperature heat medium and a low-temperature heat medium. For this reason, power generation efficiency must be reduced.

  In FIG. 1, the outline of the Example of the thermoelectric conversion hydrogen battery of 1st this invention is shown. A first hydrogen storage device (a) having a first hydrogen storage alloy that releases hydrogen from a low temperature, a hydrogen gas chamber, a hydrogen dissociation membrane that separates hydrogen molecules into electrons and protons, and the separated protons A second hydrogen storage device (a second hydrogen storage device) in which a proton conductive membrane that passes through and supplies hydrogen molecules again to the second hydrogen storage alloy and a second hydrogen storage alloy that releases hydrogen at a high temperature are arranged in this order. b) and a heat supply means (c) for further adjusting the temperature of the first and second hydrogen storage alloys, the hydrogen dissociation film and the second hydrogen storage alloy as a positive electrode or a negative electrode, The thermoelectric conversion hydrogen battery is characterized in that the thermal energy of the hydrogen storage alloy 2 is converted into electric energy.

  In FIG. 2, the outline of the Example of the thermoelectric conversion hydrogen battery of 2nd this invention is shown. A first hydrogen storage device (a) having a first hydrogen storage alloy that releases hydrogen from a low temperature, a hydrogen gas chamber, and a first hydrogen dissociation membrane that separates hydrogen molecules into electrons and protons are separated. A proton conducting membrane that allows the protons to pass through and supplies hydrogen molecules again to the second hydrogen storage alloy, a second hydrogen dissociation membrane, and a second hydrogen storage alloy that releases hydrogen at a high temperature in this order. A second hydrogen storage device (b), and a heat supply means (c) for adjusting the temperature of the first and second hydrogen storage alloys, and the first hydrogen dissociation film, The thermoelectric conversion hydrogen battery is characterized in that the second hydrogen dissociation film is used as a positive electrode or a negative electrode, and heat energy of the second hydrogen storage alloy is converted into electric energy.

  In the case of the embodiment of the present invention shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, since the first hydrogen storage alloy and the second hydrogen storage alloy are disposed apart from each other, it is difficult for heat to move between them. Further, the high temperature heat medium and the low temperature heat medium can be almost completely insulated. For this reason, heat management and temperature management are easy, and power generation efficiency is improved.

Next, the operation of the thermoelectric conversion hydrogen battery of the present invention will be described.
Fig.3 (a) shows the case where the thermoelectric conversion hydrogen battery of 1st this invention starts an electric power generation. When heat is supplied from the heat supply means to the first hydrogen storage alloy that releases hydrogen from a low temperature (for example, 40 ° C.), for example, from a heat medium of about 40 ° C., the stored hydrogen molecules are released. The released hydrogen molecules pass through a pipe having a pressure regulating valve and are sent into the hydrogen gas chamber. Hydrogen molecules enter the hydrogen dissociation membrane from the hydrogen gas chamber and are dissociated into electrons and protons. Electrons flow to the second hydrogen storage alloy as the positive electrode while supplying power to the load using the hydrogen dissociation film as the negative electrode. The separated protons pass through the proton conducting membrane, recombine with electrons in the second hydrogen storage alloy to form hydrogen molecules, and are stored in the second hydrogen storage alloy. FIG. 3B shows another case where the thermoelectric conversion hydrogen battery of the first aspect of the present invention generates electricity. When heat is supplied from the heat supply means to the second hydrogen storage alloy that releases hydrogen from a high temperature (for example, 80 ° C.), the hydrogen molecules in the second hydrogen storage alloy are destabilized by the heat, and proton conduction It passes through the membrane and hydrogen dissociation membrane and moves to the opposite hydrogen gas chamber. Thereby, the thermal energy of the second hydrogen storage alloy is converted into electric energy. At this time, hydrogen can be occluded in advance in the first hydrogen occlusion alloy to reduce the pressure in the hydrogen gas chamber, and the reaction can be promoted.

  Fig.4 (a) shows the case where the thermoelectric conversion hydrogen battery of 2nd this invention starts an electric power generation. When heat is supplied from the heat supply means to the first hydrogen storage alloy that releases hydrogen from a low temperature (for example, 40 ° C.) from a heat medium of about 40 ° C., the stored hydrogen molecules are released. The released hydrogen molecules pass through a pipe having a pressure regulating valve and are sent into the hydrogen gas chamber. Hydrogen molecules enter the first hydrogen dissociation film from the hydrogen gas chamber and are dissociated into electrons and protons. Electrons flow to the second hydrogen storage alloy through the proton conducting membrane and the second hydrogen dissociating membrane that is the positive electrode while supplying power to the load with the hydrogen dissociating membrane as the negative electrode. The separated protons pass through the proton conducting membrane, recombine with electrons in the second hydrogen dissociation membrane to form hydrogen molecules, and are stored in the second hydrogen storage alloy. FIG. 4B shows another case where the thermoelectric conversion hydrogen battery of the first aspect of the present invention generates electricity. When heat is supplied from the heat supply means to the second hydrogen storage alloy that releases hydrogen from a high temperature (for example, 80 ° C.), the hydrogen molecules in the second hydrogen storage alloy are destabilized by the heat, and the second The hydrogen dissociation membrane passes through the proton conducting membrane and the first hydrogen dissociation membrane, and moves to the opposite hydrogen gas chamber. Thereby, the thermal energy of the second hydrogen storage alloy is converted into electric energy. At this time, hydrogen can be occluded in advance in the first hydrogen occlusion alloy to reduce the pressure in the hydrogen gas chamber, and the reaction can be promoted.

  The present invention includes applications in which the above-described thermoelectric conversion hydrogen batteries are connected in series in order to increase the potential difference, and the electrodes are connected in series to reduce the IR drop.

[Result: potential and quantity of electricity]
Table 2 shows potential and electric quantity when each electrode is used in the thermoelectric conversion hydrogen battery of FIGS. 1 and 2.

  The thermoelectric conversion hydrogen battery of the present invention is a primary battery that can efficiently convert a relatively low level heat source into electricity. Further, the secondary battery can be repeatedly charged and discharged.

It is the figure which showed the outline of the thermoelectric conversion hydrogen battery of 1st this invention. It is the figure which showed the outline of the thermoelectric conversion hydrogen battery of 2nd this invention. It is the figure which showed operation | movement of the thermoelectric conversion hydrogen battery of 1st this invention. Fig.3 (a) shows the case where the thermoelectric conversion hydrogen battery of 1st this invention starts an electric power generation. FIG. 3 (b) shows another case where the thermoelectric conversion hydrogen battery of the first invention occurs. It is the figure which showed operation | movement of the thermoelectric conversion hydrogen battery of 2nd this invention. Fig.4 (a) shows the case where the thermoelectric conversion hydrogen battery of 2nd this invention starts an electric power generation. FIG. 4B shows another case where the thermoelectric conversion hydrogen battery of the second aspect of the present invention generates electricity. It is the figure which showed the outline of the thermoelectric conversion hydrogen battery of a comparative example.

Claims (5)

A first hydrogen storage device (a) having a first hydrogen storage alloy that releases hydrogen from a low temperature;
A hydrogen gas chamber, a hydrogen dissociation membrane that separates hydrogen molecules into electrons and protons, and a proton conducting membrane that passes the separated protons and supplies them again as hydrogen molecules to the hydrogen gas chamber or the second hydrogen storage alloy And a second hydrogen storage device (b) in which a second hydrogen storage alloy that releases hydrogen from a high temperature is arranged in this order;
And a heat supply means (c) for adjusting the temperature of the first and second hydrogen storage alloys, the hydrogen dissociation film and the second hydrogen storage alloy as a positive electrode or a negative electrode,
A thermoelectric conversion hydrogen battery, wherein the thermal energy of the second hydrogen storage alloy is converted into electric energy. A first hydrogen storage device (a) having a first hydrogen storage alloy that releases hydrogen from a low temperature;
A hydrogen gas chamber, a first hydrogen dissociation membrane that separates hydrogen molecules into electrons and protons, and the separated protons are allowed to pass through to be converted again into hydrogen molecules and supplied to the hydrogen gas chamber or the second hydrogen storage alloy. A second hydrogen storage device (b) in which a proton conductive membrane, a second hydrogen dissociation membrane, and a second hydrogen storage alloy that releases hydrogen from a high temperature are arranged in this order;
And heat supply means (c) for adjusting the temperature of the first and second hydrogen storage alloys, the first hydrogen dissociation film and the second hydrogen dissociation film as a positive electrode or a negative electrode,
A thermoelectric conversion hydrogen battery, wherein the thermal energy of the second hydrogen storage alloy is converted into electric energy.   The thermoelectric conversion hydrogen battery according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising means for connecting the first hydrogen storage device and a hydrogen gas chamber to allow hydrogen gas to pass therethrough.   The thermoelectric conversion hydrogen battery according to claim 1, wherein the proton conducting membrane is a solid polymer electrolyte membrane. A thermoelectric conversion hydrogen battery, wherein the thermoelectric conversion hydrogen batteries according to claim 1 are stacked in series.

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