JP2005023113A - Liquid crystal composition and liquid crystal display element - Google Patents

Liquid crystal composition and liquid crystal display element Download PDF

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JP2005023113A
JP2005023113A JP2003186940A JP2003186940A JP2005023113A JP 2005023113 A JP2005023113 A JP 2005023113A JP 2003186940 A JP2003186940 A JP 2003186940A JP 2003186940 A JP2003186940 A JP 2003186940A JP 2005023113 A JP2005023113 A JP 2005023113A
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liquid crystal
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carbon atoms
crystal composition
phenylene group
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JP4547874B2 (en
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Takeshi Sudo
豪 須藤
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DIC Corp
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Dainippon Ink and Chemicals Co Ltd
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a liquid crystal composition having a low smectic phase or solid phase-nematic phase transition temperature (T<SB>-n</SB>) and a high nematic phase-isotropic liquid phase transition temperature (Tni), preservable at low temperatures and having low refractive index anisotropy by using a readily available liquid crystal compound and to provide a liquid crystal display element using the liquid crystal composition. <P>SOLUTION: A nematic liquid crystal composition comprises compounds represented by general formula (I), general formula (II), general formula (III) and general formula (IV). The liquid crystal display apparatus is obtained by using the liquid crystal composition. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は電気光学的液晶表示材料として有用なネマチック液晶組成物、及びこれを用いた液晶表示素子に関する。
【0001】
【従来の技術】
ツイステッドネマチック(TN)、スーパーツイステッドネマチック(STN)又はアクティブマトリックスを初めとする液晶表示素子を中小型の携帯用液晶表示素子に用いる場合、小さな消費電力や優れた表示品位のほか、使用環境温度に対する表示の安定性が重要なポイントとなっている。特に、スメクチック相又は固体相−ネマチック相転移温度が十分に低いこととネマチック相−等方性液体相転移温度が十分に高いことは、携帯用液晶表示素子として非常に重要なことである。また、低消費電力化のためにバックライトを必要としない反射型の液晶表示素子の需要が増加し、表示品位の改善のために屈折率異方性の小さい液晶材料が求められている。
【0002】
しかしながら、従来の材料の組み合わせでは、液晶相温度範囲を拡大することは可能でも、屈折率異方性の点では反射型の液晶表示素子に求められるような充分に小さな値が得られていないのが現状であった(特許文献1参照)。そのため、粘度、閾値電圧等の液晶諸特性を悪化させずに屈折率異方性が充分に小さい液晶組成物の開発が望まれていた。
また、屈折率異方性の点では反射型の液晶表示素子に求められるような充分に小さな値が得られていても、液晶相温度範囲を拡大することが十分には為されていないのが現状であった(特許文献2参照)。
屈折率異方性が低くなおかつ液晶相温度範囲が広い液晶組成物として次に示すような化合物を含有する液晶組成物が開示されている(特許文献3参照)。
【化4】

Figure 2005023113
しかしながら、この化合物はシクロヘキサン環へのトリフルオロメチル基の導入が困難であり、その方法も危険性の高い反応試薬を必要とするなどの問題が多く、トリフルオロメチルシクロヘキシレン骨格以外の、入手性の良い液晶化合物を用いた、反射型液晶表示素子に有効な屈折率異方性の小さい、優れた特性を有するネマチック液晶組成物の開発が望まれていた。
【特許文献1】
特開2002−53861号公報(8頁から実施例)
【特許文献2】
特開2000−239662号公報(8頁の実施例)
【特許文献3】
特表2002−533526号公報(41頁からの実施例)
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明の課題は、スメクチック相又は固体相−ネマチック相転移温度(T−n)が低く、ネマチック相−等方性液体相転移温度(Tni)が高く、低温での保存が可能で、屈折率異方性の小さい液晶組成物を入手性の良い液晶化合物を用いて提供し、当該液晶組成物を使用した液晶表示素子を提供することである。
【0004】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者は、上記課題を解決するために種々の液晶化合物を検討したところ、一般式(I)、(II)、(III)及び(IV)で表される化合物を用いた液晶組成物が、屈折率異方性(Δn)が非常に小さく、ネマチック相温度範囲が広い特徴を有することを見出し本願発明に至った。
【0005】
すなわち、本発明は、一般式(I)
【化5】
Figure 2005023113
(式中、Rは炭素原子数1〜8のアルキル基、炭素原子数2〜8のアルケニル基又は炭素原子数3〜8のアルケニルオキシ基を表し、rは0又は2を表し、X及びXはF又はHを表し、XはF、CFH、CFH、CF又はOCFを表す。)で表される化合物を1種又は2種以上を含有し、更に、一般式(II)
【化6】
Figure 2005023113
(式中、R及びRはそれぞれ独立して、炭素原子数1〜8のアルキル基、炭素原子数2〜8のアルケニル基又は炭素原子数3〜8のアルケニルオキシ基を表し、Zは−COO−、−OCO−、−CHCH−、−CH=CH−又は単結合を表す。)で表される化合物を1種又は2種以上を含有し、更に、一般式(III)及び(IV)
【化7】
Figure 2005023113
(式中、R、R及びRは、それぞれ独立して炭素原子数1〜8のアルキル基もしくはアルコキシル基、炭素原子数2〜8のアルケニル基又は炭素原子数3〜8のアルケニルオキシ基を表し、Z、Z及びZは、それぞれ独立して単結合、−CH−CH−、−CH=CH−、−COO−又は−OCO−を表し、X は、F又はHを表し、Xは、F、CN、CFH、CFH、CF又はOCFを表し、Bは、1,4−フェニレン基、2−フルオロ−1,4−フェニレン基、3−フルオロ−1,4−フェニレン基、2,3−ジフルオロ−1,4−フェニレン基、3,5−ジフルオロ−1,4−フェニレン基、2,6−ジフルオロ−1,4−フェニレン基、2−メチル−1,4−フェニレン基、3−メチル−1,4−フェニレン基、2,3−ジメチル−1,4−フェニレン基、3,5−ジメチル−1,4−フェニレン基、2,6−ジメチル−1,4−フェニレン基又はトランス−1,4−シクロヘキシレン基を表す。)で表される化合物をそれぞれ1種又は2種以上を含有することを特徴とする液晶組成物及び当該液晶組成物を用いた液晶表示素子を提供する。
【発明の実施の形態】
【0006】
本願発明の液晶組成物は、第一成分として、一般式(I)で表される化合物を含有する。一般式(I)において、Rが炭素原子数1〜8のアルキル基、炭素原子数2〜8のアルケニル基又は炭素原子数3〜8のアルケニルオキシ基を表すが、炭素数2〜5のアルキル基または炭素数2〜4のアルケニル基を表すことが好ましく、より小さい屈折率異方性を得て、ネマチック相温度範囲の広い液晶組成物を得るためには、炭素数2のアルキル基又はアルケニル基が特に好ましい。rは0又は1を表し、X及びXはそれぞれ独立してF又はHを表すが、共にFであることが好ましい。XはF、CFH、CFH、CF又はOCFを表すが、F又はOCFが好ましい。
【0007】
具体的には、一般式(I−a)〜(I−d)
【化8】
Figure 2005023113
(Rは、炭素数2〜5のアルキル基または炭素数2〜4のアルケニル基を表す。)で表される化合物が特に好ましい。
なお、液晶組成物は化合物(I)を1種又は2種以上を含有することが好ましく、2種以上であることがより好ましく、2種含有することが特に好ましい。化合物(I)の含有率は10〜50質量%が好ましく、20〜50質量%がより好ましく、30〜50質量%が特に好ましい。特に、式(I−a)及び(I−c)で表される化合物を同時に含有し、その含有率が30〜50質量%であることが好ましい。
【0008】
更に、一般式(II)
【化9】
Figure 2005023113
で表される化合物において、R及びRはそれぞれ独立して、炭素原子数1〜8のアルキル基、炭素原子数2〜8のアルケニル基又は炭素原子数3〜8のアルケニルオキシ基を表すが、炭素数2〜5のアルキル基又は炭素原子数2〜4のアルケニル基がより好ましい。また、Zは−COO−、−OCO−、−CH−CH−、−CH=CH−又は単結合を表すが、単結合、−CHCH−又は−COO−がより好ましい。
【0009】
具体的には、式(II−a)〜(II−c)
【化10】
Figure 2005023113
(R及びRはそれぞれ独立して、炭素数2〜5のアルキル基又は炭素原子数2〜4のアルケニル基を表す。)で表される化合物が特に好ましい。
なお、液晶組成物は化合物(II)を1種又は2種以上を含有することが好ましく、2種以上であることがより好ましく、3種含有することが特に好ましい。化合物(II)の含有率は30〜60質量%が好ましく30〜50質量%がより好ましい。特に、式(II−a)、(II−b)及び(II−c)で表される化合物を同時に含有し、その含有率が30〜50質量%であることが好ましい。
【0010】
更に、一般式(III)及び(IV)
【化11】
Figure 2005023113
で表される化合物において、R、R及びRはそれぞれ独立して、炭素原子数1〜8のアルキル基もしくはアルコキシル基、炭素原子数2〜8のアルケニル基又は炭素原子数3〜8のアルケニルオキシ基を表すが、炭素原子数2 ̄5のアルキル基又は炭素原子数2〜4のアルケニル基を表すことが好ましい。また、Z、Z及びZは、それぞれ独立して単結合、−CH−CH−、−CH=CH−、−COO−又は−OCO−を表すが、単結合、−CH−CH−又は−COO−を表すことがより好ましい。特に好ましくはZ、Z及びZの少なくとも一つが−COO−を表すことであり、固体相又はスメクチック相−等方性液体相転移温度の拡大に効果がある。X は、H又はFを表し、Xは、F、CN、CFH、CFH、CF又はOCFを表すが、X=X=Fがより好ましい。Bは、1,4−フェニレン基、2−フルオロ−1,4−フェニレン基、3−フルオロ−1,4−フェニレン基、2,3−ジフルオロ−1,4−フェニレン基、3,5−ジフルオロ−1,4−フェニレン基、2,6−ジフルオロ−1,4−フェニレン基、2−メチル−1,4−フェニレン基、3−メチル−1,4−フェニレン基、2,3−ジメチル−1,4−フェニレン基、3,5−ジメチル−1,4−フェニレン基、2,6−ジメチル−1,4−フェニレン基又はトランス−1,4−シクロヘキシレン基を表すが、3−フルオロ−1,4−フェニレン基又はトランス−1,4−シクロヘキシレン基を表すことがより好ましい。
【0011】
具体的には、式(III−a) ̄(III−d)及び(IV−a) ̄(IV−b)で表される化合物がより好ましく、式(III−a) ̄(III−d)及び(IV−a)で表される化合物が特に好ましい。
【化12】
Figure 2005023113
【化13】
Figure 2005023113
なお、液晶組成物は化合物(III)及び(IV)を合わせて1種又は2種以上を含有することが好ましく、2種以上であることがより好ましい。含有率は10〜50質量%が好ましく、10〜30質量%がより好ましい。
【0012】
本発明の液晶表示素子に使用する液晶組成物のネマチック相−等方性液体相転移温度(以下、Tniと言う。)は、75℃〜110℃であることがより好ましく、85℃〜100℃が更に好ましい。また、固体相又はスメクチック相−等方性液体相転移温度(以下、T−nと言う。)は、より低い方が低温での保存安定性には好ましいので、−30℃以下がより好ましく、−35℃以下が特に好ましい。屈折率異方性(Δn)は、0.055〜0.068であることが好ましいが、0.055 ̄0.066がより好ましい。また、本発明の液晶組成物は先述のような特徴だけでなく、−25℃または−30℃での保存が可能であるという優れた特徴を有する。
なお、本発明に使用する液晶組成物は、上記一般式(I)〜(IV)以外に、通常のネマチック液晶、スメクチック液晶、コレステリック液晶、カイラル剤などを使用することができる。
本発明の液晶組成物を用いた液晶表示素子は、ツイスト角が90°〜110℃であるTN−LCDやAM−LCDとして特に有用であり、透過型、半透過型、反射型などのいずれの表示方式であってもよい。
【0013】
【実施例】
以下、実施例を挙げて本発明を詳述するが、本発明はこれらの実施例に限定されるものではない。また、以下の実施例及び比較例の組成物における「%」は『質量%』を意味する。
【0014】
実施例中、測定した特性は以下の通りである。
Tni :ネマチック相−等方性液体相転移温度(℃)
T−n :固体相またはスメクチック相−ネマチック相転移温度(℃)
η :20℃での粘度(mPa・s)
Δn :25℃での屈折率異方性
Vth :セル厚8.3(μm)のTN液晶表示素子(TN−LCD)を構成したときの25℃での閾値電圧(V)。印加駆動波形は100Hz矩形波。Vthは、透過率が90%のときの駆動電圧である。
Vsat :セル厚8.3(μm)のTN−LCDを構成した時の25℃での飽和電圧(V)。印加駆動波形は100Hz矩形波。Vsatは、透過率が10%のときの駆動電圧である。
γ :25℃における急峻性 γ=Vsat/Vth
【0015】
化合物の記載に下記の略号を使用する。
Figure 2005023113
【0016】
【化14】
Figure 2005023113
【0017】
例えば、以下に表すように略号を用いる。
【化15】
Figure 2005023113
【0018】
(実施例1及び比較例1、2、3)
液晶組成物No.1(実施例1)及び液晶組成物M1(比較例1)、M2(比較例2)、M3(比較例3)を調製し、これらの液晶組成物を使用したTN−LCDを作製した。表1には、液晶組成物の組成比と液晶組成物を使用したTN−LCDの特性測定値を示す。
なお、−25℃における低温安定性試験とは、試験管に入れた液晶組成物0.5gを−25℃の冷凍庫に保存し、液晶状態を保っているか否かのを評価するための試験である。当該試験により液晶状態を保っているものをOKとし、析出が生じる等の状態変化が発生したものをNGとした。
【表1】
Figure 2005023113
【0019】
表1に示したTN−LCDの特性測定値より、比較例1及び比較例2の液晶組成物はTniが低く、T−nも0℃以上と高い上、−25℃における低温安定性試験にも問題がある。比較例3の液晶組成物はTni及びT−nは実用的ではあるが、Δnが0.070と大きすぎるため、所望の条件を満たしていない。
これに対して、実施例1記載の液晶組成物は、高いTni及び、低いT−n維持したまま、低いΔnを達成していることが解る。実施例1の液晶組成物は、トリフルオロメチルシクロヘキサン誘導体を使用しないため、液晶材料の入手性にも問題がなかった。
【0020】
【発明の効果】
本発明の液晶組成物により、入手性の悪いトリフルオロメチルシクロヘキサン誘導体を使用することなく、スメクチック相又は固体相−ネマチック相転移温度(T−n)が低く、ネマチック相−等方性液体相転移温度(Tni)が高く、低温での保存が可能で、屈折率異方性の小さい液晶組成物することが可能となった。当該液晶組成物を用いた液晶表示素子は、優れた表示品位を有しTN−LCDまたはAM−LCD特に反射型液晶表示素子として有用である。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a nematic liquid crystal composition useful as an electro-optical liquid crystal display material, and a liquid crystal display element using the same.
[0001]
[Prior art]
When liquid crystal display elements such as twisted nematic (TN), super twisted nematic (STN) or active matrix are used for small and medium-sized portable liquid crystal display elements, in addition to low power consumption and excellent display quality, Display stability is an important point. In particular, a sufficiently low smectic phase or solid phase-nematic phase transition temperature and a sufficiently high nematic phase-isotropic liquid phase transition temperature are very important for portable liquid crystal display devices. In addition, a demand for a reflective liquid crystal display element that does not require a backlight for reducing power consumption is increasing, and a liquid crystal material having a small refractive index anisotropy is required to improve display quality.
[0002]
However, with the combination of conventional materials, it is possible to expand the liquid crystal phase temperature range, but in terms of refractive index anisotropy, a sufficiently small value as required for a reflective liquid crystal display element has not been obtained. Was the current situation (see Patent Document 1). Therefore, it has been desired to develop a liquid crystal composition having sufficiently small refractive index anisotropy without deteriorating various liquid crystal properties such as viscosity and threshold voltage.
In addition, in terms of refractive index anisotropy, even if a sufficiently small value as required for a reflective liquid crystal display element is obtained, the liquid crystal phase temperature range is not sufficiently expanded. It was the current state (see Patent Document 2).
As a liquid crystal composition having a low refractive index anisotropy and a wide liquid crystal phase temperature range, a liquid crystal composition containing the following compounds is disclosed (see Patent Document 3).
[Formula 4]
Figure 2005023113
However, this compound is difficult to introduce a trifluoromethyl group into the cyclohexane ring, and the method has many problems such as requiring a highly dangerous reaction reagent, and availability other than the trifluoromethylcyclohexylene skeleton is available. It has been desired to develop a nematic liquid crystal composition having an excellent characteristic with a small refractive index anisotropy that is effective for a reflective liquid crystal display element using a liquid crystal compound having a good quality.
[Patent Document 1]
JP 2002-53861 A (Example from page 8)
[Patent Document 2]
Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2000-233962 (Example on page 8)
[Patent Document 3]
JP 2002-533526 A (Example from page 41)
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The problem of the present invention is that the smectic phase or solid phase-nematic phase transition temperature (T- n ) is low, the nematic phase-isotropic liquid phase transition temperature (Tni) is high, can be stored at low temperature, and has a refractive index. A liquid crystal composition having low anisotropy is provided using a liquid crystal compound having high availability, and a liquid crystal display element using the liquid crystal composition is provided.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present inventor examined various liquid crystal compounds in order to solve the above-mentioned problems. As a result, a liquid crystal composition using the compounds represented by the general formulas (I), (II), (III) and (IV) was obtained. The inventors have found that the refractive index anisotropy (Δn) is very small and that the nematic phase temperature range is wide, and the present invention has been achieved.
[0005]
That is, the present invention relates to the general formula (I)
[Chemical formula 5]
Figure 2005023113
(In the formula, R 1 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, or an alkenyloxy group having 3 to 8 carbon atoms, r represents 0 or 2, and X 1 And X 3 represents F or H, X 2 represents F, CFH 2 , CF 2 H, CF 3 or OCF 3 ). Formula (II)
[Chemical 6]
Figure 2005023113
(In the formula, R 2 and R 3 each independently represent an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, or an alkenyloxy group having 3 to 8 carbon atoms, Z 1 Represents one or more compounds represented by —COO—, —OCO—, —CH 2 CH 2 —, —CH═CH—, or a single bond. ) And (IV)
[Chemical 7]
Figure 2005023113
Wherein R 4 , R 5 and R 6 are each independently an alkyl group or alkoxyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, or an alkenyloxy having 3 to 8 carbon atoms. Z 2 , Z 3 and Z 4 each independently represents a single bond, —CH 2 —CH 2 —, —CH═CH—, —COO— or —OCO—, and X 4 represents F Or H, X 5 represents F, CN, CFH 2 , CF 2 H, CF 3 or OCF 3 , and B represents a 1,4-phenylene group, a 2-fluoro-1,4-phenylene group, 3 -Fluoro-1,4-phenylene group, 2,3-difluoro-1,4-phenylene group, 3,5-difluoro-1,4-phenylene group, 2,6-difluoro-1,4-phenylene group, 2 -Methyl-1,4-phenylene group, 3-methyl-1 4-phenylene group, 2,3-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene group, 3,5-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene group, 2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene group or trans-1,4- And a liquid crystal display device using the liquid crystal composition. The liquid crystal composition includes one or more compounds represented by cyclohexylene group.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0006]
The liquid crystal composition of the present invention contains a compound represented by the general formula (I) as a first component. In the general formula (I), R 1 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, or an alkenyloxy group having 3 to 8 carbon atoms. It is preferable to represent an alkyl group or an alkenyl group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms. In order to obtain a liquid crystal composition having a wide nematic phase temperature range by obtaining a smaller refractive index anisotropy, an alkyl group having 2 carbon atoms or Alkenyl groups are particularly preferred. r represents 0 or 1, and X 1 and X 3 each independently represent F or H, and both are preferably F. X 2 represents F, CFH 2 , CF 2 H, CF 3 or OCF 3 , with F or OCF 3 being preferred.
[0007]
Specifically, the general formulas (Ia) to (Id)
[Chemical 8]
Figure 2005023113
A compound represented by (R 1 represents an alkyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms) is particularly preferable.
In addition, it is preferable that a liquid crystal composition contains 1 type, or 2 or more types of compound (I), It is more preferable that it is 2 or more types, It is especially preferable to contain 2 types. 10-50 mass% is preferable, as for the content rate of compound (I), 20-50 mass% is more preferable, and 30-50 mass% is especially preferable. In particular, it is preferable that the compounds represented by the formulas (Ia) and (Ic) are contained at the same time and the content thereof is 30 to 50% by mass.
[0008]
Furthermore, the general formula (II)
[Chemical 9]
Figure 2005023113
And R 2 and R 3 each independently represent an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, or an alkenyloxy group having 3 to 8 carbon atoms. However, an alkyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms is more preferable. Z 1 represents —COO—, —OCO—, —CH 2 —CH 2 —, —CH═CH— or a single bond, and more preferably a single bond, —CH 2 CH 2 — or —COO—.
[0009]
Specifically, the formulas (II-a) to (II-c)
Embedded image
Figure 2005023113
A compound represented by (R 2 and R 3 each independently represents an alkyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms) is particularly preferable.
In addition, it is preferable that a liquid crystal composition contains 1 type, or 2 or more types of compound (II), It is more preferable that it is 2 or more types, It is especially preferable to contain 3 types. 30-60 mass% is preferable and, as for the content rate of compound (II), 30-50 mass% is more preferable. In particular, it is preferable that the compounds represented by the formulas (II-a), (II-b) and (II-c) are contained at the same time and the content thereof is 30 to 50% by mass.
[0010]
Furthermore, the general formulas (III) and (IV)
Embedded image
Figure 2005023113
R 4 , R 5 and R 6 are each independently an alkyl or alkoxyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, or 3 to 8 carbon atoms. The alkenyloxy group is preferably an alkyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms. Z 2 , Z 3 and Z 4 each independently represent a single bond, —CH 2 —CH 2 —, —CH═CH—, —COO— or —OCO—, but each represents a single bond, —CH 2. More preferably, it represents —CH 2 — or —COO—. Particularly preferably, at least one of Z 2 , Z 3 and Z 4 represents —COO—, which is effective in extending the solid phase or smectic phase-isotropic liquid phase transition temperature. X 4 represents H or F, and X 5 represents F, CN, CFH 2 , CF 2 H, CF 3 or OCF 3 , but X 4 = X 5 = F is more preferable. B represents 1,4-phenylene group, 2-fluoro-1,4-phenylene group, 3-fluoro-1,4-phenylene group, 2,3-difluoro-1,4-phenylene group, 3,5-difluoro. -1,4-phenylene group, 2,6-difluoro-1,4-phenylene group, 2-methyl-1,4-phenylene group, 3-methyl-1,4-phenylene group, 2,3-dimethyl-1 , 4-phenylene group, 3,5-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene group, 2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene group or trans-1,4-cyclohexylene group, , 4-phenylene group or trans-1,4-cyclohexylene group is more preferable.
[0011]
Specifically, compounds represented by formulas (III-a)  ̄ (III-d) and (IV-a)  ̄ (IV-b) are more preferable, and formula (III-a)  ̄ (III-d) And the compound represented by (IV-a) is particularly preferable.
Embedded image
Figure 2005023113
Embedded image
Figure 2005023113
In addition, it is preferable that a liquid crystal composition contains 1 type (s) or 2 or more types combining compound (III) and (IV), and it is more preferable that they are 2 or more types. The content is preferably 10 to 50% by mass, and more preferably 10 to 30% by mass.
[0012]
The nematic phase-isotropic liquid phase transition temperature (hereinafter referred to as Tni) of the liquid crystal composition used in the liquid crystal display device of the present invention is more preferably 75 ° C. to 110 ° C., and 85 ° C. to 100 ° C. Is more preferable. Further, the lower the solid phase or smectic phase-isotropic liquid phase transition temperature (hereinafter referred to as Tn) is preferable for storage stability at low temperatures, and therefore, −30 ° C. or lower is more preferable. A temperature of −35 ° C. or lower is particularly preferable. The refractive index anisotropy (Δn) is preferably 0.055 to 0.068, more preferably 0.055 to 0.066. Further, the liquid crystal composition of the present invention has not only the above-described characteristics but also an excellent characteristic that it can be stored at −25 ° C. or −30 ° C.
In addition to the general formulas (I) to (IV), a normal nematic liquid crystal, a smectic liquid crystal, a cholesteric liquid crystal, a chiral agent and the like can be used for the liquid crystal composition used in the present invention.
The liquid crystal display element using the liquid crystal composition of the present invention is particularly useful as a TN-LCD or AM-LCD having a twist angle of 90 ° to 110 ° C., and is any of a transmissive type, a transflective type, a reflective type, etc. A display method may be used.
[0013]
【Example】
EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although an Example is given and this invention is explained in full detail, this invention is not limited to these Examples. Further, “%” in the compositions of the following Examples and Comparative Examples means “% by mass”.
[0014]
In the examples, the measured characteristics are as follows.
Tni: Nematic phase-isotropic liquid phase transition temperature (° C.)
Tn: Solid phase or smectic phase-nematic phase transition temperature (° C.)
η: Viscosity at 20 ° C. (mPa · s)
Δn: refractive index anisotropy at 25 ° C. Vth: threshold voltage (V) at 25 ° C. when a TN liquid crystal display element (TN-LCD) having a cell thickness of 8.3 (μm) is constructed. The applied drive waveform is a 100 Hz rectangular wave. Vth is a drive voltage when the transmittance is 90%.
Vsat: Saturation voltage (V) at 25 ° C. when a TN-LCD having a cell thickness of 8.3 (μm) is constructed. The applied drive waveform is a 100 Hz rectangular wave. Vsat is a driving voltage when the transmittance is 10%.
γ: Steepness at 25 ° C. γ = Vsat / Vth
[0015]
The following abbreviations are used in the description of compounds.
Figure 2005023113
[0016]
Embedded image
Figure 2005023113
[0017]
For example, abbreviations are used as shown below.
Embedded image
Figure 2005023113
[0018]
(Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1, 2, and 3)
Liquid crystal composition No. 1 (Example 1) and liquid crystal composition M1 (Comparative Example 1), M2 (Comparative Example 2), and M3 (Comparative Example 3) were prepared, and TN-LCDs using these liquid crystal compositions were prepared. Table 1 shows a composition ratio of the liquid crystal composition and measured values of characteristics of the TN-LCD using the liquid crystal composition.
The low temperature stability test at −25 ° C. is a test for evaluating whether or not the liquid crystal composition in a test tube is stored in a freezer at −25 ° C. and the liquid crystal state is maintained. is there. Those in which the liquid crystal state was maintained by the test were determined to be OK, and those in which a state change such as precipitation occurred was determined to be NG.
[Table 1]
Figure 2005023113
[0019]
From the measured values of the characteristics of the TN-LCD shown in Table 1, the liquid crystal compositions of Comparative Examples 1 and 2 have low Tni, Tn is also high at 0 ° C. or higher, and low temperature stability test at −25 ° C. There is also a problem. In the liquid crystal composition of Comparative Example 3, Tni and T-n are practical, but Δn is too large as 0.070, so that the desired condition is not satisfied.
In contrast, it can be seen that the liquid crystal composition described in Example 1 achieves a low Δn while maintaining a high Tni and a low Tn. Since the liquid crystal composition of Example 1 did not use a trifluoromethylcyclohexane derivative, there was no problem in the availability of the liquid crystal material.
[0020]
【The invention's effect】
The liquid crystal composition of the present invention has a low smectic phase or solid phase-nematic phase transition temperature (T -n ) and a nematic phase-isotropic liquid phase transition without using a poorly available trifluoromethylcyclohexane derivative. A liquid crystal composition having a high temperature (Tni) and capable of being stored at a low temperature and having a small refractive index anisotropy can be obtained. A liquid crystal display element using the liquid crystal composition has excellent display quality and is useful as a TN-LCD or AM-LCD, particularly a reflective liquid crystal display element.

Claims (6)

一般式(I)
Figure 2005023113
(式中、Rは炭素原子数1〜8のアルキル基、炭素原子数2〜8のアルケニル基又は炭素原子数3〜8のアルケニルオキシ基を表し、rは0又は2を表し、X及びXはF又はHを表し、XはF、CFH、CFH、CF又はOCFを表す。)で表される化合物を1種又は2種以上を含有し、更に、一般式(II)
Figure 2005023113
(式中、R及びRはそれぞれ独立して、炭素原子数1〜8のアルキル基、炭素原子数2〜8のアルケニル基又は炭素原子数3〜8のアルケニルオキシ基を表し、Zは−COO−、−OCO−、−CHCH−、−CH=CH−又は単結合を表す。)で表される化合物を1種又は2種以上を含有し、更に、一般式(III)及び(IV)
Figure 2005023113
(式中、R、R及びRは、それぞれ独立して炭素原子数1〜8のアルキル基もしくはアルコキシル基、炭素原子数2〜8のアルケニル基又は炭素原子数3〜8のアルケニルオキシ基を表し、Z、Z及びZは、それぞれ独立して単結合、−CH−CH−、−CH=CH−、−COO−又は−OCO−を表し、X は、F又はHを表し、Xは、F、CN、CFH、CFH、CF又はOCFを表し、Bは、1,4−フェニレン基、2−フルオロ−1,4−フェニレン基、3−フルオロ−1,4−フェニレン基、2,3−ジフルオロ−1,4−フェニレン基、3,5−ジフルオロ−1,4−フェニレン基、2,6−ジフルオロ−1,4−フェニレン基、2−メチル−1,4−フェニレン基、3−メチル−1,4−フェニレン基、2,3−ジメチル−1,4−フェニレン基、3,5−ジメチル−1,4−フェニレン基、2,6−ジメチル−1,4−フェニレン基又はトランス−1,4−シクロヘキシレン基を表す。)で表される化合物をそれぞれ1種又は2種以上を含有することを特徴とする液晶組成物。
Formula (I)
Figure 2005023113
(In the formula, R 1 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, or an alkenyloxy group having 3 to 8 carbon atoms, r represents 0 or 2, and X 1 And X 3 represents F or H, X 2 represents F, CFH 2 , CF 2 H, CF 3 or OCF 3 ). Formula (II)
Figure 2005023113
(In the formula, R 2 and R 3 each independently represent an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, or an alkenyloxy group having 3 to 8 carbon atoms, Z 1 Represents one or more compounds represented by —COO—, —OCO—, —CH 2 CH 2 —, —CH═CH—, or a single bond. ) And (IV)
Figure 2005023113
Wherein R 4 , R 5 and R 6 are each independently an alkyl group or alkoxyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, or an alkenyloxy having 3 to 8 carbon atoms. Z 2 , Z 3 and Z 4 each independently represents a single bond, —CH 2 —CH 2 —, —CH═CH—, —COO— or —OCO—, and X 4 represents F Or H, X 5 represents F, CN, CFH 2 , CF 2 H, CF 3 or OCF 3 , and B represents a 1,4-phenylene group, a 2-fluoro-1,4-phenylene group, 3 -Fluoro-1,4-phenylene group, 2,3-difluoro-1,4-phenylene group, 3,5-difluoro-1,4-phenylene group, 2,6-difluoro-1,4-phenylene group, 2 -Methyl-1,4-phenylene group, 3-methyl-1 4-phenylene group, 2,3-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene group, 3,5-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene group, 2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene group or trans-1,4- A liquid crystal composition comprising one or more compounds each represented by cyclohexylene group).
一般式(I)で表される化合物の含有率が10〜50質量%であり、一般式(II)で表される化合物の含有率が30〜60質量%であり、一般式(III)および(IV)で表される化合物の合計の含有率が10〜50質量%であることを特徴とする請求項1記載の液晶組成物。The content of the compound represented by the general formula (I) is 10 to 50% by mass, the content of the compound represented by the general formula (II) is 30 to 60% by mass, and the general formula (III) and 2. The liquid crystal composition according to claim 1, wherein the total content of the compound represented by (IV) is 10 to 50% by mass. ネマチック相−等方性液体相転移温度が75℃〜110℃であり、スメクチック相又は固体相−ネマチック相転移温度が−60℃〜−20℃であり、屈折率異方性(Δn)が0.055〜0.068であることを特徴とする液晶組成物。Nematic phase-isotropic liquid phase transition temperature is 75 ° C to 110 ° C, smectic phase or solid phase-nematic phase transition temperature is -60 ° C to -20 ° C, and refractive index anisotropy (Δn) is 0. A liquid crystal composition having a thickness of .055 to 0.068. 請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の液晶組成物を用いた液晶表示素子。The liquid crystal display element using the liquid-crystal composition in any one of Claims 1-3. ツイスト角が0°〜250°であることを特徴とする請求項5記載の液晶表示素子。The liquid crystal display element according to claim 5, wherein the twist angle is 0 ° to 250 °. 請求項5記載のアクティブマトリックス液晶表示素子。The active matrix liquid crystal display element according to claim 5.
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CN104152156A (en) * 2014-07-22 2014-11-19 北京大学 N-phase liquid crystal material for STN (super twisted nematic)

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JPS59193848A (en) * 1983-04-20 1984-11-02 Dainippon Ink & Chem Inc Novel nematic liquid crystal compound
JP2000336363A (en) * 1999-05-28 2000-12-05 Dainippon Ink & Chem Inc Nematic liquid crystal composition and liquid crystal display device using the same
JP2001072974A (en) * 1999-06-30 2001-03-21 Dainippon Ink & Chem Inc Nematic liquid crystal composition and liquid crystal display device

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JPS59193848A (en) * 1983-04-20 1984-11-02 Dainippon Ink & Chem Inc Novel nematic liquid crystal compound
JP2000336363A (en) * 1999-05-28 2000-12-05 Dainippon Ink & Chem Inc Nematic liquid crystal composition and liquid crystal display device using the same
JP2001072974A (en) * 1999-06-30 2001-03-21 Dainippon Ink & Chem Inc Nematic liquid crystal composition and liquid crystal display device

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CN104152156A (en) * 2014-07-22 2014-11-19 北京大学 N-phase liquid crystal material for STN (super twisted nematic)
CN104152156B (en) * 2014-07-22 2015-12-02 北京大学 A kind of STN N phase liquid crystal material

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