JP2005022105A - Coated steel panel - Google Patents

Coated steel panel Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2005022105A
JP2005022105A JP2003187103A JP2003187103A JP2005022105A JP 2005022105 A JP2005022105 A JP 2005022105A JP 2003187103 A JP2003187103 A JP 2003187103A JP 2003187103 A JP2003187103 A JP 2003187103A JP 2005022105 A JP2005022105 A JP 2005022105A
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Japan
Prior art keywords
coating film
steel sheet
coated steel
coating
resin
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
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JP2003187103A
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Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Kenji Ikishima
健司 壱岐島
Tadashi Ashida
正 芦田
Kenichiro Kobayashi
健一郎 小林
Sachio Matsuo
左千夫 松尾
Hiroyuki Eto
博之 衛藤
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Sumitomo Metal Steel Products Inc
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Sumitomo Metal Steel Products Inc
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Application filed by Sumitomo Metal Steel Products Inc filed Critical Sumitomo Metal Steel Products Inc
Priority to JP2003187103A priority Critical patent/JP2005022105A/en
Publication of JP2005022105A publication Critical patent/JP2005022105A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a coated steel panel enhanced in damage resistance without being lowered in processability. <P>SOLUTION: In the coated steel panel wherein at least two coating films are provided at least on one side of a plated steel panel to which substrate treatment is applied, the lowermost coating film contains a rustproof pigment and at least one of the coating films contains resin fibers having width W and length L satisfying the formula (1): h/2<W<h and the formula (2): W<L<100 W (wherein h is the thickness of the coating film containing the resin fibers at drying, W is the width of the resin fibers and L is the length of resin fibers). <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、家電製品や屋内外の建材等に使用するのに適した塗装鋼板に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
めっき鋼板を使用した製品において、人の目に触れる外板は、耐食性や意匠性の向上を目的として、何らかの塗装が施されて使用されることがほとんどである。
【0003】
そのような塗装は、従来は製品の組立終了後に塗装するアフターコート方式により行ってきたが、最近は予め塗装を施した塗装鋼板(プレコート鋼板)の使用が増加してきている。
【0004】
塗装鋼板の使用割合が増えているのは、(1) 客先の工程省略に役立つ、(2) 脱脂、塗装といった薬品を使用する煩雑な作業を避けることができる、(3) 都会近郊に立地した家電製品工場の場合は塗装工場を更新しにくい、(4) 特殊な機能付与が可能、(5) 意匠性付与が可能、といった理由が挙げられる。
【0005】
めっき鋼板としては、溶融亜鉛めっき鋼板や5%Alを含有した溶融Zn−Al合金めっき鋼板、溶融アルミニウムめっき鋼板、さらには、55%Alを含有した溶融Al−Zn合金めっき鋼板等が用いられている。しかしながら、めっき鋼板はその製造時及び取り扱い時に傷つき易いため、耐傷つき性の向上が求められている。特に、建材用塗装鋼板には、耐食性、耐候性、加工性に加えて、耐傷つき性が要求される。
【0006】
塗膜の耐傷つき性を向上させるために、特許文献1には、塗膜中にガラス繊維を含有させる技術が開示されている。しかしながら、ガラス繊維を含有することで塗膜の耐傷つき性は向上するものの、塗膜の加工性が大きく低下する。また、塗膜が硬すぎるために塗装鋼板の製造時あるいは取り扱い時に、ロールやダイス等の工具を摩耗させて、その寿命を低下させる場合がある。さらに、塗装鋼板自体も、その工具の摩耗によって生じた粉粒による汚れが目立つ場合もあった。
【0007】
同じく、特許文献2には、塗膜中に特定形状のガラス粒子を含有させることで、耐傷つき性と耐摩耗性を向上させる技術が開示されている。しかしながら、ガラス粒子を含有することで塗膜の耐傷つき性は向上するものの、やはり塗膜の加工性が大きく低下する。また、ロールやダイス等の工具を摩耗させて、その寿命を短くする。
【0008】
【特許文献1】
特開昭61−237636公報
【特許文献2】
特開2001−2767286公報
【0009】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
このように、塗装鋼板の耐傷つき性を向上させる従来技術は、いずれも、耐傷つき性自体は向上するものの、加工性が大きく低下するとともに、工具を傷つけるだけでなく、工具摩耗によって生じる粉粒によって塗装鋼板自体が汚染するという問題があった。
【0010】
本発明は、塗装鋼板の加工性を低下させることなく、塗装鋼板の耐傷つき性を向上することができ、さらに、工具を傷つけることが少なく、したがって、塗装鋼板自体の汚れを防止できる塗装鋼板を提供することを目的とする。
【0011】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者は、従来技術における加工性の低下の原因をガラスを含有させるためであると考え、ガラス繊維に代えて、アルミナ等の無機物の繊維を使用することを考えたが、ガラス繊維と同様に加工性が低下するだけでなく、塗膜が硬くなるために、塗装鋼板のシャー切断時に切断部塗膜が線状に剥離するという、いわゆるエナメルヘアー現象が発生した。このため、無機物繊維はあきらめ、代わりに、樹脂繊維を含有させることを着想するとともに、その樹脂繊維を特定形状に規定することによって、加工性を低下させることなく、塗装鋼板の耐傷つき性を向上させることができることを見いだした。さらに、この塗装鋼板は、工具を傷つけることがすくなく、したがって、塗装鋼板自体の汚れを防止できるものであることも見いだした。
【0012】
このようにして完成した本発明の塗装鋼板は、下地処理が施されためっき鋼板の少なくとも片面に2層以上の塗膜を有する塗装鋼板であって、最下層の塗膜が防錆顔料を含有するとともに、塗膜の少なくとも1層が次の式(1)及び(2)を満足する幅Wと長さLを有する樹脂繊維を含有することを特徴とする。
h/2<W<h・・・・・・・・・・・・・・(1)
W<L<100W・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・(2)
ここで、h:樹脂繊維を含有する塗膜の乾燥時の厚み
W:樹脂繊維の幅
L:樹脂繊維の長さ
本発明の塗装鋼板において、樹脂繊維は、塗膜の1層だけに含有させてもよいし、2層以上に含有させてもよい。また、樹脂繊維の形状は、上記の式(1)及び(2)を満足する幅Wと長さLを有する樹脂繊維であればよく、その断面形状は限定されない。すなわち、円形、矩形だけでなく、多角形であってもよいが、円形断面の樹脂繊維が好ましい。なお、断面形状が長方形の場合、樹脂繊維のの幅は短辺でもって測定する。樹脂繊維の幅と長さにバラツキがある場合には、それぞれ、その平均値をW及びLとする。
【0013】
このような特定形状の樹脂繊維を添加することによって、耐傷つき性が向上するメカニズムは完全には解明されていない。おそらく何らかの鋭利なもので塗膜が引っかかれた場合に、このような形状の樹脂繊維を剥離させようとすると樹脂繊維だけでなく、樹脂繊維の周りの塗膜をかなり広い範囲にわたって破壊する必要が出てくるためであると推定される。言い換えれば、樹脂繊維が存在しない場合には線状の刃に対して抵抗する塗膜はほんの狭い「線」の範囲にすぎないが、樹脂繊維が存在する場合には抵抗する塗膜は「面」に近い範囲であると推定される。
【0014】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明の塗装鋼板の素材となるめっき鋼板は、溶融めっき、電気めっき、気相めっき等のいずれの方法によりめっきしたものでもよく、めっき金属種は亜鉛、錫、アルミニウム等とそれらの合金が用いられる。具体的には、溶融亜鉛めっき鋼板、5%Alを含有した溶融Zn−Al合金めっき鋼板、溶融アルミニウムめっき鋼板、55%Alを含有した溶融Al−Zn合金めっき鋼板等が挙げられる。
【0015】
以下に、本発明の塗装鋼板について説明する。ここでは、下塗り塗膜と上塗り塗膜の2層の塗膜を形成する場合について説明するが、中塗り塗膜を設けて塗膜を3層またはそれ以上とすることもできる。
【0016】
(1)鋼板の下地処理:
鋼板の下地処理としては、従来から用いられているリン酸亜鉛処理やクロメート処理でよい。電解型や反応型クロメート処理も適用可能であるが、作業性の面からは塗布型クロメート処理が好ましい。金属クロム換算のクロメート付着量は、10〜200mg/mの範囲が好ましい。クロメート付着量があまりに少ないと、塗膜の密着性が十分得られず、過大になると加工性の低下を招くことになる。本発明で使用するのに好適な塗布型クロメート処理液の市販品の1例は、日本ペイント(株)製「NRC 300」である。塗布型クロメート処理液は、常法に従ってロールコータ等で塗布し、熱風で50〜150℃に加熱して乾燥させることで下地処理を実施すればよい。
【0017】
環境問題から6価クロムを使うクロメート処理を実施したくない場合には、シリカ、樹脂、ジルコニウムやチタンを含有するクロムフリー下地処理を施すこともできる。本発明に使用するのに好適な1例は、シリカ系下地処理液である日本ペイント(株)製「サーフコート EC2000」である。
【0018】
(2)下塗り塗膜の塗料と防錆顔料:
下塗り塗膜(最下層の塗膜)の塗料は、例えば、エポキシ系、ポリエステル系およびウレタン系の樹脂が使用できる。鋼板に対して密着性に優れ、加工性も良好な塗膜を形成することができる樹脂が好ましい。使用する塗料の溶媒は水性系と有機溶剤系のいずれでもよいし、溶媒を使用しない粉体塗料でもよい。
【0019】
エポキシ系塗料は各種のものが市販されており、それらを適当に使用すればよい。例えば、メラミン、アミン、またはイソシアネートを架橋剤として含有するエポキシ系塗料でよい。エポキシ樹脂種としては、ビスフェノール型エポキシ樹脂が好ましい。
【0020】
ポリエステル系塗料の例として、熱可塑性ポリエステル樹脂にメラミンやイソシアネートを架橋剤として配合したものが挙げられる。ポリエステルとしては、分子量が5千から2万程度のいわゆる高分子量ポリエステル樹脂が、加工性の観点から好適である。架橋剤としては、エチルアルコールやブチルアルコールで変性したメラミンを使用することができ、場合によってパラトルエンスルホン酸やドデシルベンゼンスルホン酸等を触媒として適宜使用することができる。
【0021】
ウレタン系塗料の例としては、ポリエステルポリオールを黄変型ポリイソシアネートまたは無黄変型ポリイソシアネートで架橋反応させるものが挙げられる。架橋剤の例としては、イソホロンジイソシアネート(IPDI)、ヘキサメチレンジイソシアネート(HMDI)等が使用できる。この場合も、ジブチル錫ジラウレート(DBTL)等の触媒を適宜使用してもよい。
【0022】
これらのいずれかの塗料(所望により、2種以上の樹脂種を含有する塗料でもよい)に、予め防錆顔料を添加する。顔料は、塗膜中に30〜70質量%含有されるように添加量を調整するのが好ましい。含有量が30質量%以上のとき切断端面耐食性が良好になり、70質量%以下であると加工性に優れるものが得られる。防錆顔料としては、ストロンチウムクロメートやジンククロメート等のクロム系防錆顔料やリン酸系防錆顔料が挙げられる。
【0023】
下塗り塗膜(最下層の塗膜)には、後述するように、さらに樹脂繊維を添加含有させることができる。
【0024】
下地処理を施した金属板の上に、ロールコータ等の適当な塗布装置を使用して、防錆顔料を含有する塗料を塗装し、加熱して塗膜を焼付ける。塗装は、塗布だけでなく、スプレーコータを用いた静電塗装や電着塗装によってもよい。
【0025】
焼付けは、鋼板の最高到達温度が約と150 〜250 ℃となるように約30〜60秒の焼付けにより行うことができ、従来の熱風吹き付け型オーブンや、誘導加熱、赤外線加熱などの加熱方法が利用できる。
【0026】
塗膜厚みは、乾燥膜厚として3〜25μm程度の厚みとすることが好ましい。塗膜厚みが3μm以上のとき耐食性が良好であるが、塗膜厚みが25μmを上回ると、耐食性が飽和する一方、コストが増加するだけである。また、塗膜厚みが25μm以下のとき加工性が良好である。なお、素地に達する傷の発生を防止するためには、塗膜厚みを大きくするのが好ましい。
【0027】
(3)上塗り塗膜の塗料:
上塗り塗膜 (最上層の塗膜)の塗料は、ポリエステル系やウレタン系樹脂が使用できる。耐候性や加工性が求められる場合には、ポリエステル系及びウレタン系樹脂が好ましい。上塗り塗料は、下塗り塗料に関して上述したものと同様でよい。
【0028】
上塗り塗料も、2種以上の樹脂種を含有していてよい。上塗り塗料の塗装や焼付けは、下塗り塗料について説明したのと同様に実施できる。上塗り塗膜の焼付けは、鋼板の最高到達温度が150〜250℃となるように約30〜70秒の焼付けで行うことができる。
【0029】
上塗り塗膜の厚みは、乾燥膜厚で10〜40μmの範囲とすることが好ましい。塗膜厚みが10μm以上のとき隠蔽性が良好となり、塗装時の色安定性が向上し、経年時の摩耗や光に対する耐久性が向上する。塗膜厚みが40μmを上回ると、耐傷つき性が飽和する一方、コストが増加するだけである。
【0030】
(4)樹脂繊維:
本発明に係る塗装鋼板において、樹脂繊維は塗膜の1層だけに含有させてもよいし、2層以上に含有させてもよい。樹脂繊維は、塗料中にできるだけ均一に分散させて含有させるのがよい。
【0031】
その形状は、前述のとおり、式(1)及び(2)を満足する必要があるが、これらの式(1)と(2)を満足する限り、形状の異なる樹脂繊維を混合して用いてもよい。また、複数の塗膜に樹脂繊維を含有させるときは、これらの式(1)と(2)を満足する限り、それぞれの塗膜に同じ形状の樹脂繊維を用いてもよいし、樹脂繊維を含有させる塗膜によってその形状を変化させてもよい。
【0032】
樹脂繊維の幅については、式(1)で規定する下限を下回ると耐傷つき性の向上効果が小さく、上限を上回ると塗装作業性が低下する。樹脂繊維の長さについては、式(2)で規定する下限を下回ると繊維形状ではなくなるため耐傷つき性の向上効果が小さく、また、上限を上回ると繊維が長すぎるため塗装作業性が低下する。
【0033】
特に、樹脂繊維を最上層の塗膜に含有させる場合には、樹脂繊維の幅が塗膜の厚みよりも大きくなると、加工中や使用中に外力を受けたときに、突出した樹脂繊維が剥離しやすくなる。また、樹脂繊維の幅が最上層の塗膜の厚みの半分よりも小さいと樹脂繊維同士が重なることがあり、そのとき、上に重なった樹脂繊維が塗膜中に固定されにくくなるために、やはり樹脂繊維が剥離しやすくなる。その結果、例えば、通常の塗装ラインを通板する間の樹脂繊維の脱落が目立つようになり、樹脂繊維による耐傷つき性の向上効果が不十分となる。また、樹脂繊維を最下層又は中間層の塗膜に含有させる場合には、突出が大きすぎるとその上塗り塗膜の塗装の作業がしにくくなる。
【0034】
次に、樹脂繊維の塗膜中の含有量については、塗膜中に0.5〜5質量%含有させるのが好ましい。樹脂繊維の含有量が0.5質量%以下では耐傷つき性の向上効果がなく、5質量%以上では塗料粘度が大きくなりすぎて、塗装作業性が低下する。
【0035】
本発明に係る塗装鋼板において塗膜中に含有させる樹脂繊維の樹脂種としては、熱可塑性樹脂と熱硬化性樹脂のいずれからなるものでもよいが、塗膜中の塗料樹脂との密着性に優れた樹脂繊維がよい。例えば、ポリエステル、ポリウレタン、アクリル、メラミン、ポリアミド等の繊維が利用可能であり、また、ケブラー等のエンジニアリングプラスチックスからなる繊維でもよい。
【0036】
耐傷つき性を向上するために、樹脂繊維に加えて、無機物を添加することも可能である。無機物としては、例えば、SiとAlの酸化物であるアルミナシリカが市販されているが、これを粒径5〜20μmにしたものを塗料中に添加することができる。塗膜中の含有量は、工具を傷めないようにするために、15質量%以下とするのが好ましい。
【0037】
本発明の塗装鋼板では、樹脂繊維は塗膜のいずれか1層に含有させただけで、耐傷つき性の向上効果が得られるが、2層又はそれ以上の層に樹脂繊維を含有させてもよい。その場合には、各塗膜における樹脂繊維の含有量を少なめにしても十分な効果が得られる。最上層の塗膜に樹脂繊維を含有させると、塗膜に傷が付きにくくなるし、表面に凹凸が形成されるので傷が目立たなくなる。また、最下層又は中間層の塗膜だけに樹脂繊維を含有させても耐傷つき性向上効果があるのは、最下層又は中間層の塗膜に樹脂繊維を含有させると、素地に達する傷の発生を抑制することができるためである。
【0038】
通常の塗装鋼板では、上塗りと下塗りの2層の塗膜を形成させるので十分であるが、更に塗装外観の向上や耐傷つき性の向上を目的として、塗膜を3層化又はそれ以上の層とし、中塗りを設けることも可能である。中塗り塗膜の塗料樹脂は最下層又は最上層の塗膜と同様でよい。この中塗り塗膜にも樹脂繊維を含有させることができることは、上述したとおりである。
【0039】
なお、着色顔料の添加については、特に制約はなく、1層又は2層以上の塗膜に着色顔料を含有させて着色塗装鋼板とすることも当然可能である。また、本発明に従った塗膜は、素材の外板となる片面だけに形成してもよいが、所望により素材の両面に形成してもよい。片面だけに形成する場合、未塗装の面は、裸でもよく、或いは下地処理だけを施してもよく、さらには本発明とは異なる塗装を施してもよい。両面に形成する場合、下塗りと上塗りの塗膜の構成は両面で同じにしてもよいし、異なる構成にしてもよい。
【0040】
【実施例】
供試材の作製方法:
Al:55質量%、Zn:44質量%及びSi:1質量%のめっき組成を有する55%Al−Zn合金めっき鋼板(鋼板厚み0.5mm)を素材とし、この素材の片面に下地処理を施した。塗布型クロメート処理の場合は、塗布型クロメート処理液(日本ペイント(株)製「NRC 300」)を、クロム付着量が50mg/mとなるようにバーコータで塗布し、最高到達温度が100 ℃となるように約10秒間加熱して、乾燥させた。また、非クロム型シリカ処理の場合は、日本ペイント(株)製のサーフコートEC2100を付着量50mg/mとなるように塗装し、最高到達温度が100 ℃となるように約10秒間加熱して、乾燥させた。
【0041】
こうして下地処理を施した55%Al−Zn合金めっき鋼板の面に、下塗り塗料をバーコータで塗布し、焼き付け時間40秒で、最高到達温度が200℃になるように焼き付けをおこなって、乾燥時の厚みが表1に示す下塗り塗膜を得た。下塗り塗料は、次のように、防錆顔料と樹脂繊維を含有する(含有しない塗料もある)。日本ファインコーティング(株)製NP250エポキシ塗料を使用し、これに防錆顔料としてストロンチウムクロメート(キクチカラー(株)製)を表1に示す含有量(質量%)となるように添加した(添加しない塗料もある)。さらに、表2記載の樹脂繊維を表1に示す含有量(質量%)となるように添加した(添加しない塗料もある)。ここで、使用した樹脂繊維である、ナイロン繊維A、B、C及びDは、ニッセン(株)製のナイロンファイバーであり、それぞれ、樹脂繊維の幅又は長さが異なる。
【0042】
同様に、上塗り塗料をバーコータで塗布し焼き付け時間50秒で、最高到達温度が230℃になるように焼き付けをおこなって、乾燥時の厚みが表1に示す上塗り塗膜を得た。上塗り塗料は、日本ファインコーティング(株)製SRF05 高分子量ポリエステル樹脂塗料を使用し、これに、表2記載の樹脂繊維を表1に示す含有量(質量%)となるように添加した(添加しない塗料もある)。ここで、使用した樹脂繊維は、下塗り塗料で用いたものと同様である。
【0043】
供試材の評価方法:
(1)加工性(折り曲げ性):
供試材を、塗装面を外側にして、同じ鋼板を内側に挟んで、万力を用いて23℃で180°曲げ加工を行い、30倍ルーペを使用して加工部を観察した検査で塗膜に亀裂の生じない板はさみ枚数の最小値で評価した。0Tとは、密着曲げ(鋼板を挟まない)でも加工部の塗膜に亀裂が見られないことを意味する。◎:0T、○:1〜2T、△:3〜4T、×:5T以上、と評価した。◎及び○であれば、加工性が良であると判断した。
【0044】
(2)耐傷つき性:
供試材に、ダイヤモンド針(先端径:0.085R)に種々の荷重をかけて50mm移動させ、塗装面に傷がついたかどうかを肉眼で観察できる荷重の最小値で評価した。荷重の値が大きいほど、耐傷つき性が大きいことを意味する。◎:2N以上、○:1.5N以上で2N未満、△:1N以上で1.5N未満、×:1未満、と評価した。◎〜△であれば、耐傷つき性は良好であると判断した。
【0045】
(3)耐食性:
供試材を切断し、平坦部と切断端面部のそれぞれについて、塩水噴霧複合サイクル試験(塩水噴霧試験2時間→乾燥4時間→湿潤2時間)を120回繰り返した後の供試材の表面の膨れの発生状態を観察した。◎:膨れなし、○:膨れ巾2mm以下、△:膨れ巾2mmを超え5mm以下、×:膨れ巾5mm超え、と評価した。◎〜△であれば、耐食性は良好であると判断した。
【0046】
(4)耐候性:
供試材を、アイスーパー促進耐候性試験器にかけて、ブラックパネル温度80℃にて、4時間照射のち1時間シャワーというサイクルにて、60サイクル経過後の色変化ΔEを観察した。◎:ΔEが3以下、○:ΔEが3超え6以下、×:ΔEが6超え、と評価した。ΔEが6以下であれば、耐候性は良好であると評価した。
【0047】
(5)塗装性:
樹脂繊維の添加により、塗料粘度が増加する。樹脂繊維を添加しないときの樹脂粘度に対して、フォードカップNo.4で測定した際の粘度が150%を超える場合、粘度大として塗装性低下と判断した。
【0048】
また、塗装後の外観については、激しい凹凸を有する表面になる場合、外観不良と判断した。
【0049】
【表1】

Figure 2005022105
【0050】
【表2】
Figure 2005022105
【0051】
表1において、供試材1〜6は防錆顔料の添加効果の有無を示し、供試材7〜9は下塗り塗膜の厚みの影響を示し、そして供試材10〜14は上塗り塗膜への樹脂繊維添加効果の有無を示した。
【0052】
表2において、添加する樹脂繊維の形状を示した。
【0053】
【発明の効果】
本発明に係る塗装鋼板は、加工性を低下させることなく耐傷つき性に優れている。工具を傷つけることが少ないので、工具の寿命が長く、塗装鋼板自体の汚れを防止できる。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a coated steel sheet suitable for use in home appliances, indoor and outdoor building materials, and the like.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In products using plated steel sheets, the outer plates that can be seen by human eyes are mostly used after being subjected to some kind of coating for the purpose of improving corrosion resistance and design.
[0003]
Conventionally, such coating has been performed by an after-coating method in which coating is performed after the assembly of a product is completed, but recently, the use of pre-coated steel sheets (pre-coated steel sheets) has been increasing.
[0004]
The percentage of use of coated steel sheets is increasing: (1) Helping customers to omit processes, (2) Avoiding complicated operations using chemicals such as degreasing and painting, (3) Located in the suburbs of cities For example, it is difficult to renew the paint factory, (4) Special functions can be added, and (5) Designability can be added.
[0005]
As the plated steel sheet, a hot-dip galvanized steel sheet, a hot-dip Zn-Al alloy-plated steel sheet containing 5% Al, a hot-dip aluminum-plated steel sheet, and a hot-dip Al-Zn alloy-plated steel sheet containing 55% Al are used. Yes. However, since the plated steel sheet is easily damaged at the time of manufacture and handling, an improvement in scratch resistance is required. In particular, coated steel sheets for building materials are required to have scratch resistance in addition to corrosion resistance, weather resistance, and workability.
[0006]
In order to improve the scratch resistance of the coating film, Patent Document 1 discloses a technique for containing glass fibers in the coating film. However, containing glass fibers improves the scratch resistance of the coating film, but greatly reduces the processability of the coating film. In addition, since the coating film is too hard, tools such as rolls and dies may be worn during manufacture or handling of the coated steel sheet to reduce its life. Furthermore, the coated steel plate itself may be noticeable due to powder particles caused by wear of the tool.
[0007]
Similarly, Patent Document 2 discloses a technique for improving scratch resistance and wear resistance by including glass particles having a specific shape in a coating film. However, although the scratch resistance of the coating film is improved by containing glass particles, the processability of the coating film is greatly reduced. In addition, the tool life such as a roll and a die is worn to shorten its life.
[0008]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 61-237636 [Patent Document 2]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-2767286
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
As described above, all of the conventional techniques for improving the scratch resistance of the coated steel sheet, although the scratch resistance itself is improved, the workability is greatly deteriorated, and not only the tool is damaged but also the particles generated by the tool wear. As a result, the coated steel sheet itself is contaminated.
[0010]
The present invention provides a coated steel sheet that can improve the scratch resistance of the coated steel sheet without degrading the workability of the coated steel sheet, and is less likely to damage the tool, thus preventing the coated steel sheet itself from being soiled. The purpose is to provide.
[0011]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present inventor considered that the cause of the decrease in workability in the prior art is to contain glass, and considered using inorganic fibers such as alumina instead of glass fibers, but similar to glass fibers. In addition to a decrease in workability, the coating film becomes hard, and thus a so-called enamel hair phenomenon has occurred in which the coating film on the cut portion peels linearly during shear cutting of the coated steel sheet. For this reason, we gave up inorganic fiber, and instead thought of containing resin fiber, by defining the resin fiber in a specific shape, we improved the scratch resistance of the coated steel sheet without reducing workability I found out that I can make it happen. Further, it has been found that this coated steel plate does not easily damage the tool, and therefore can prevent the coated steel plate itself from being soiled.
[0012]
The coated steel sheet of the present invention thus completed is a coated steel sheet having two or more coating films on at least one side of the coated steel sheet subjected to the base treatment, and the lowermost coating film contains a rust preventive pigment. In addition, at least one layer of the coating film contains resin fibers having a width W and a length L that satisfy the following formulas (1) and (2).
h / 2 <W <h (1)
W <L <100W (2)
Here, h: thickness of dried coating film containing resin fiber W: width of resin fiber L: length of resin fiber In the coated steel sheet of the present invention, the resin fiber is contained in only one layer of the coating film. It may be contained in two or more layers. Moreover, the shape of the resin fiber should just be the resin fiber which has width W and length L which satisfy | fill said Formula (1) and (2), The cross-sectional shape is not limited. That is, not only a circular shape and a rectangular shape but also a polygonal shape may be used, but a resin fiber having a circular cross section is preferable. In addition, when a cross-sectional shape is a rectangle, the width | variety of a resin fiber is measured with a short side. When there are variations in the width and length of the resin fibers, the average values are W and L, respectively.
[0013]
The mechanism by which the scratch resistance is improved by adding resin fibers having such a specific shape has not been completely elucidated. If the coating film is scratched with something sharp, it is necessary to break not only the resin fiber but also the coating film around the resin fiber over a fairly wide range. Presumably because it comes out. In other words, in the absence of resin fibers, the coating that resists linear blades is only a narrow “line” range, but in the presence of resin fibers, the coating that resists is “surface”. It is estimated that the range is close to "."
[0014]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The plated steel sheet as the material of the coated steel sheet of the present invention may be plated by any method such as hot dipping, electroplating, vapor phase plating, etc., and the plating metal type is zinc, tin, aluminum or the like and their alloys. It is done. Specifically, a hot-dip galvanized steel sheet, a hot-dip Zn—Al alloy-plated steel sheet containing 5% Al, a hot-dip aluminum-plated steel sheet, a hot-dip Al—Zn alloy-plated steel sheet containing 55% Al, and the like can be given.
[0015]
Below, the coated steel plate of this invention is demonstrated. Here, although the case where the two-layer coating film of the undercoat coating film and the top coating film is formed will be described, an intermediate coating film may be provided to make the coating film into three layers or more.
[0016]
(1) Surface treatment of steel sheet:
As the base treatment of the steel sheet, conventionally used zinc phosphate treatment or chromate treatment may be used. Electrolytic or reactive chromate treatment can also be applied, but coating chromate treatment is preferred from the viewpoint of workability. The chromate adhesion amount in terms of metallic chromium is preferably in the range of 10 to 200 mg / m2. If the amount of chromate attached is too small, sufficient adhesion of the coating film cannot be obtained, and if it is excessive, workability will be reduced. One example of a commercially available coating-type chromate treatment solution suitable for use in the present invention is “NRC 300” manufactured by Nippon Paint Co., Ltd. The coating type chromate treatment liquid may be applied by a roll coater or the like according to a conventional method, heated to 50 to 150 ° C. with hot air, and dried to carry out the ground treatment.
[0017]
If it is not desired to perform chromate treatment using hexavalent chromium due to environmental problems, a chromium-free ground treatment containing silica, resin, zirconium or titanium can also be performed. One example suitable for use in the present invention is “Surfcoat EC2000” manufactured by Nippon Paint Co., Ltd., which is a silica-based surface treatment solution.
[0018]
(2) Undercoat paint and antirust pigment:
For example, epoxy-based, polyester-based, and urethane-based resins can be used as the paint for the undercoat coating film (the lowermost layer coating film). A resin capable of forming a coating film having excellent adhesion to the steel plate and good workability is preferable. The solvent of the paint used may be either an aqueous or organic solvent, or may be a powder paint that does not use a solvent.
[0019]
Various types of epoxy paints are commercially available, and they may be used appropriately. For example, an epoxy paint containing melamine, amine, or isocyanate as a crosslinking agent may be used. As the epoxy resin type, a bisphenol type epoxy resin is preferable.
[0020]
As an example of a polyester-type coating material, what mix | blended melamine and isocyanate as a crosslinking agent with the thermoplastic polyester resin is mentioned. As the polyester, a so-called high molecular weight polyester resin having a molecular weight of about 5,000 to 20,000 is preferable from the viewpoint of processability. As the crosslinking agent, melamine modified with ethyl alcohol or butyl alcohol can be used, and in some cases, paratoluenesulfonic acid, dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid, or the like can be appropriately used as a catalyst.
[0021]
Examples of urethane-based paints include those in which a polyester polyol is subjected to a crosslinking reaction with a yellowing polyisocyanate or a non-yellowing polyisocyanate. As examples of the crosslinking agent, isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), hexamethylene diisocyanate (HMDI) and the like can be used. In this case also, a catalyst such as dibutyltin dilaurate (DBTL) may be used as appropriate.
[0022]
A rust preventive pigment is added in advance to any of these paints (which may be a paint containing two or more kinds of resin if desired). It is preferable to adjust the addition amount of the pigment so that it is contained in the coating film in an amount of 30 to 70% by mass. When the content is 30% by mass or more, the cut end surface corrosion resistance is good, and when it is 70% by mass or less, a material having excellent workability is obtained. Examples of the rust preventive pigment include chromium-based rust preventive pigments such as strontium chromate and zinc chromate, and phosphate-based rust preventive pigments.
[0023]
As will be described later, resin fibers can be further added to the undercoat coating film (the lowermost layer coating film).
[0024]
A paint containing a rust preventive pigment is applied onto a metal plate that has been subjected to ground treatment using a suitable coating device such as a roll coater, and the paint film is baked by heating. The coating may be performed not only by coating but also by electrostatic coating or electrodeposition coating using a spray coater.
[0025]
Baking can be performed by baking for about 30 to 60 seconds so that the maximum temperature of the steel sheet is about 150 to 250 ° C., and there are conventional hot air blowing ovens, heating methods such as induction heating and infrared heating. Available.
[0026]
The coating thickness is preferably about 3 to 25 μm as a dry film thickness. The corrosion resistance is good when the coating thickness is 3 μm or more, but when the coating thickness exceeds 25 μm, the corrosion resistance is saturated, but only the cost is increased. Moreover, workability is favorable when the coating film thickness is 25 μm or less. In addition, in order to prevent the generation | occurrence | production of the damage | wound reaching a base material, it is preferable to enlarge coating film thickness.
[0027]
(3) Top coat paint:
Polyester and urethane resins can be used for the top coat (uppermost layer). When weather resistance and workability are required, polyester-based and urethane-based resins are preferable. The top coat may be similar to that described above for the undercoat.
[0028]
The top coat may also contain two or more resin species. The top coat can be applied or baked in the same manner as described for the undercoat. The top coat film can be baked by baking for about 30 to 70 seconds so that the maximum temperature reached by the steel sheet is 150 to 250 ° C.
[0029]
The thickness of the top coat film is preferably in the range of 10 to 40 μm in terms of dry film thickness. When the coating thickness is 10 μm or more, the concealability is good, the color stability at the time of painting is improved, and the durability against light and wear over time is improved. When the coating thickness exceeds 40 μm, the scratch resistance is saturated, but only the cost is increased.
[0030]
(4) Resin fiber:
In the coated steel sheet according to the present invention, the resin fiber may be contained in only one layer of the coating film or in two or more layers. The resin fibers are preferably dispersed and contained in the paint as uniformly as possible.
[0031]
As described above, the shape needs to satisfy formulas (1) and (2). However, as long as these formulas (1) and (2) are satisfied, resin fibers having different shapes are mixed and used. Also good. In addition, when resin fibers are contained in a plurality of coating films, as long as these expressions (1) and (2) are satisfied, the resin fibers having the same shape may be used for each coating film. You may change the shape with the coating film to contain.
[0032]
About the width | variety of a resin fiber, if it falls below the minimum prescribed | regulated by Formula (1), the improvement effect of scratch resistance will be small, and if it exceeds the upper limit, coating workability will fall. Regarding the length of the resin fiber, if it falls below the lower limit defined by the formula (2), the fiber shape is lost, so the effect of improving the scratch resistance is small, and if it exceeds the upper limit, the workability of the coating is lowered because the fiber is too long. .
[0033]
In particular, when resin fibers are included in the uppermost coating film, when the width of the resin fibers is larger than the thickness of the coating film, the protruding resin fibers peel off when an external force is applied during processing or use. It becomes easy to do. Also, if the width of the resin fiber is smaller than half of the thickness of the uppermost coating film, the resin fibers may overlap each other. Again, the resin fibers are easily peeled off. As a result, for example, the dropping of the resin fiber during passing through a normal coating line becomes conspicuous, and the effect of improving the scratch resistance by the resin fiber becomes insufficient. In addition, when the resin fiber is contained in the lowermost layer or the intermediate layer, if the protrusion is too large, it is difficult to apply the top coat.
[0034]
Next, about content in the coating film of a resin fiber, it is preferable to make it contain 0.5-5 mass% in a coating film. When the resin fiber content is 0.5% by mass or less, there is no effect of improving the scratch resistance. When the resin fiber content is 5% by mass or more, the viscosity of the coating becomes too high and the coating workability is lowered.
[0035]
In the coated steel sheet according to the present invention, the resin fiber contained in the coating film may be composed of either a thermoplastic resin or a thermosetting resin, but has excellent adhesion to the coating resin in the coating film. Resin fiber is good. For example, fibers such as polyester, polyurethane, acrylic, melamine, and polyamide can be used, and fibers made of engineering plastics such as Kevlar may be used.
[0036]
In order to improve the scratch resistance, it is possible to add an inorganic substance in addition to the resin fiber. As an inorganic substance, for example, alumina silica, which is an oxide of Si and Al, is commercially available, and a particle having a particle diameter of 5 to 20 μm can be added to the coating material. The content in the coating film is preferably 15% by mass or less so as not to damage the tool.
[0037]
In the coated steel sheet of the present invention, the effect of improving the scratch resistance can be obtained only by adding the resin fiber to any one layer of the coating film, but the resin fiber may be contained in two or more layers. Good. In that case, even if the resin fiber content in each coating film is reduced, a sufficient effect can be obtained. If the uppermost coating film contains resin fibers, the coating film is less likely to be scratched, and the surface becomes uneven, so the scratches are not noticeable. In addition, even if resin fibers are contained only in the lowermost layer or intermediate layer coating film, there is an effect of improving the scratch resistance. This is because generation can be suppressed.
[0038]
With a normal coated steel sheet, it is sufficient to form a two-layer coating film with a top coat and an undercoat. However, for the purpose of improving the appearance of coating and improving scratch resistance, the coating film has three or more layers. It is also possible to provide an intermediate coating. The coating resin of the intermediate coating film may be the same as that of the lowermost layer or the uppermost layer. As described above, the intermediate coating film can also contain resin fibers.
[0039]
In addition, there is no restriction | limiting in particular about the addition of a coloring pigment, Of course, it is also possible to make a coating film of 1 layer or 2 layers contain a coloring pigment, and to make a colored coated steel plate. Moreover, although the coating film according to this invention may be formed only on the single side | surface used as the outer plate | plate of a raw material, you may form on both surfaces of a raw material if desired. In the case of forming only on one side, the unpainted surface may be bare, or may be subjected only to a ground treatment, or may be coated differently from the present invention. When forming on both surfaces, the composition of the undercoat and the topcoat may be the same on both surfaces or different.
[0040]
【Example】
Preparation method of test materials:
A 55% Al-Zn alloy plated steel sheet (steel thickness 0.5 mm) having a plating composition of Al: 55 mass%, Zn: 44 mass%, and Si: 1 mass% is used as a material, and one side of this material is subjected to a base treatment. did. In the case of the coating type chromate treatment, a coating type chromate treatment solution (“NRC 300” manufactured by Nippon Paint Co., Ltd.) is applied with a bar coater so that the chromium adhesion amount is 50 mg / m 2, and the maximum temperature reached 100 ° C. It was dried by heating for about 10 seconds so that In the case of non-chromium type silica treatment, surf coat EC2100 manufactured by Nippon Paint Co., Ltd. is applied so as to have an adhesion amount of 50 mg / m 2 and heated for about 10 seconds so that the maximum temperature reached 100 ° C. And dried.
[0041]
Undercoating was applied to the surface of the 55% Al—Zn alloy-plated steel sheet that had been subjected to the base treatment with a bar coater, and the baking was performed so that the maximum temperature reached 200 ° C. with a baking time of 40 seconds. Undercoat films with thicknesses shown in Table 1 were obtained. The undercoat paint contains a rust preventive pigment and resin fiber as follows (some paints do not contain). NP250 epoxy paint manufactured by Nippon Fine Coating Co., Ltd. was used, and strontium chromate (manufactured by Kikuchi Color Co., Ltd.) was added as a rust preventive pigment to the content (mass%) shown in Table 1 (not added) (There is also paint). Furthermore, resin fibers listed in Table 2 were added so as to have the content (mass%) shown in Table 1 (some paints were not added). Here, nylon fibers A, B, C and D, which are resin fibers used, are nylon fibers manufactured by Nissen Co., Ltd., and the widths or lengths of the resin fibers are different from each other.
[0042]
Similarly, the top coat was applied with a bar coater and baked so that the maximum temperature reached 230 ° C. with a baking time of 50 seconds, and the thickness of the top coat shown in Table 1 was obtained. The top coat used was SRF05 high molecular weight polyester resin paint manufactured by Nippon Fine Coating Co., Ltd., and the resin fibers listed in Table 2 were added so as to have the contents (mass%) shown in Table 1 (not added). (There is also paint). Here, the resin fibers used are the same as those used in the undercoat paint.
[0043]
Evaluation method of specimens:
(1) Workability (bendability):
The test material is coated with an inspection in which the coated surface is outside, the same steel plate is sandwiched inside, 180 ° bending is performed at 23 ° C using a vise, and the processing part is observed using a 30x magnifying glass. Evaluation was made with the minimum value of the number of sheet scissors in which no crack occurred in the film. 0T means that no cracks are observed in the coating film of the processed part even in close contact bending (without sandwiching the steel plate). A: 0T, O: 1-2T, Δ: 3-4T, x: 5T or more. If it was ◎ and ○, it was judged that the workability was good.
[0044]
(2) Scratch resistance:
The specimen was moved 50 mm by applying various loads to the diamond needle (tip diameter: 0.085R), and whether or not the painted surface was damaged was evaluated by the minimum load that could be observed with the naked eye. The larger the load value, the greater the scratch resistance. A: 2N or more, ○: 1.5N or more and less than 2N, Δ: 1N or more and less than 1.5N, ×: less than 1 If it was A to Δ, it was judged that the scratch resistance was good.
[0045]
(3) Corrosion resistance:
The specimen is cut and the surface of the specimen after the salt spray combined cycle test (salt spray test 2 hours → dry 4 hours → wet 2 hours) is repeated 120 times for each of the flat part and the cut end face part. The state of occurrence of blistering was observed. ◎: No swelling, ○: Swelling width 2 mm or less, Δ: Swelling width 2 mm to 5 mm or less, X: Swelling width 5 mm or less. If it was 〜 to Δ, the corrosion resistance was judged to be good.
[0046]
(4) Weather resistance:
The specimen was subjected to an eye super accelerated weathering tester, and the color change ΔE after 60 cycles was observed in a black panel temperature of 80 ° C. in a cycle of 4 hours of irradiation and 1 hour of showering. A: ΔE was 3 or less, O: ΔE was more than 3 and 6 or less, and X: ΔE was more than 6. When ΔE was 6 or less, the weather resistance was evaluated as good.
[0047]
(5) Paintability:
Addition of resin fibers increases paint viscosity. Ford Cup No. 2 was used for the resin viscosity when no resin fiber was added. When the viscosity measured at 4 exceeded 150%, it was judged that the coating property was lowered due to the large viscosity.
[0048]
Moreover, about the external appearance after coating, when it became the surface which has intense unevenness | corrugation, it was judged that the external appearance was poor.
[0049]
[Table 1]
Figure 2005022105
[0050]
[Table 2]
Figure 2005022105
[0051]
In Table 1, Specimens 1 to 6 indicate the presence or absence of the effect of adding a rust preventive pigment, Specimens 7 to 9 indicate the influence of the thickness of the undercoat film, and Specimens 10 to 14 are the topcoat film. The presence or absence of the resin fiber addition effect to was shown.
[0052]
In Table 2, the shape of the resin fiber to be added is shown.
[0053]
【The invention's effect】
The coated steel sheet according to the present invention is excellent in scratch resistance without degrading workability. Since the tool is hardly damaged, the tool life is long and the coated steel sheet itself can be prevented from being stained.

Claims (4)

下地処理が施されためっき鋼板の少なくとも片面に2層以上の塗膜を有する塗装鋼板であって、最下層の塗膜が防錆顔料を含有するとともに、塗膜の少なくとも1層が次の式(1)及び(2)を満足する幅Wと長さLを有する樹脂繊維を含有することを特徴とする塗装鋼板。
h/2<W<h・・・・・・・・・・・・・・(1)
W<L<100W・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・(2)
ここで、h:樹脂繊維を含有する塗膜の乾燥時の厚み
W:樹脂繊維の幅
L:樹脂繊維の長さ
A coated steel sheet having two or more coating films on at least one surface of a plated steel sheet that has been subjected to a base treatment, wherein the lowermost coating film contains a rust preventive pigment, and at least one layer of the coating film has the following formula 1. A coated steel sheet comprising resin fibers having a width W and a length L satisfying (1) and (2).
h / 2 <W <h (1)
W <L <100W (2)
Here, h: thickness when the coating film containing the resin fiber is dried W: width of the resin fiber L: length of the resin fiber
最下層の塗膜が樹脂繊維を含有することを特徴とする、請求項1記載の塗装鋼板。The coated steel sheet according to claim 1, wherein the lowermost coating film contains resin fibers. 中間層の塗膜が樹脂繊維を含有することを特徴とする、請求項1又は2記載の塗装鋼板。The coated steel sheet according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the coating film of the intermediate layer contains resin fibers. 最上層の塗膜が樹脂繊維を含有することを特徴とする、請求項1から3までのいずれかに記載の塗装鋼板。The coated steel sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the uppermost coating film contains a resin fiber.
JP2003187103A 2003-06-30 2003-06-30 Coated steel panel Pending JP2005022105A (en)

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