【０００１】
【発明が属する技術分野】
日本国内の金宝飾品市場では金品位の高いものからＫ２４の純金、そしてＫ２２からＫ９までが金製品として認められている。とりわけ、金含有量が７５重量％の１８カラット金（Ｋ１８）の製品が加工性、科学的安定性、色相等から優れているため、金製品全体のほぼ９０％をしめる。これらのカラット金製品の中でネックレス、ブレスレット等のチェーンはマシン加工で、その他指輪、ペンダントトップ、ブローチ、イヤリング等複雑形状の多い物はほとんど鋳造で作られている。しかし、複雑形状の金宝飾品及び部品でも製造工程の長い鋳造によらなくて粉末焼結法によって完成品の一歩手前までの焼結品を作り、その後に若干の機械加工を付与することによって製造でき、さらに様々な機能を付与した金製品も出来る。本発明は、粉末焼結法による高密度で機械加工が可能な高密度な金合金焼結体の製造及び抗菌、電磁気、遠赤外線、消臭、アロマセラピー効果を発揮する機能性金合金宝飾品を製造する技術である。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
従来は、チェーンはマシン加工で、チェーンを除く金合金製品の多くはロストワックス鋳造によって作られていた。ロストワックス鋳造は工程が長く、人手もかかって製品のコスト低減が難しい。一方、機械加工により無垢の金合金ブロックから留め金等の部品を作れば多量の切削粉が発生して無駄が多い。また、これらマシン加工、鋳造及び機械加工では機能性を付与した金製品の鋳造が困難である。
【０００３】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
金の宝飾品の多くはマシン加工や鋳造で作られているが、マシン加工はチェーン等、比較的形状が単純な宝飾用部品の製作に利用され、形状の複雑なものが多い指輪、ブローチ、ペンダント、イヤリング等の製品の多くはロストワックス鋳造で製造されているが、鋳造での宝飾品の製作は工程が長いのでコストアップに繋がる。
【０００４】
本発明は、粉末焼結法による金製品の製造によるコストの低減化を目指すと共に、焼結法によって得られた高密度の焼結品へ後加工を施して、より複雑な金宝飾品の製造、また、この焼結体へ機能性セラミック粉を配合することによって人体の健康維持・促進効果を発揮するような金合金焼結品を製造することを目的とした。
【０００５】
【課題を解決するための手段】
金合金（カラット金）の母材粉末へ焼結母材よりも低融点の焼結促進用金合金粉末を加えたものを焼結促進用金合金の固相線温度以下３０℃の所から液相線温度以下として焼結時に焼結促進用金合金粉を部分的あるいは全てを融体化して成形体の焼結を一段と促進させ所定カラット金の金合金焼結体とする。
【０００６】
製品形状が比較的単純な製品であれば金合金粉末をプレス成形によって成形体とし、この成形体を真空中あるいは不活性ガス雰囲気中で焼結して所定形状の焼結体とするが、この焼結体に後加工を加えて最終製品としても良い。形状が複雑な製品の場合には、最終製品の寸法よりも１．５〜２割ほど大きな寸法の金型をセットしたキャビティ内へ金合金母材粉末と焼結促進用金合金粉末の混合粉を射出成形して成形体とする。この成形体をアルミナ粉中へ埋没してまずは２５０〜５００℃でバインダーを除去した後、２５０〜９００℃で０．２〜５０時間加熱して焼結体とし、この焼結体に後工程を行って所定寸法の部品にした後、バフによる仕上げ加工を製品とする。機能性を付加した金合金焼結体を得るには金合金の母材及び焼結促進粉末のいずれかあるいは両者の混合粉へ機能性セラミック粉、多孔質セラミック粉等を配合した金合金焼結体とする。多孔質セラミック粉を配合した焼結体へは香料エキスをしみこませることによってアロマセラピー効果を有する金合金焼結体とすることが出来る。
【０００７】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、実施例１〜２１に基づいて本発明を詳細に述べる。
【０００８】
【実施例１】
Ｋ２２（２２カラット金）母材粉末（Ａｕ９１．７：Ｐｄ８．３） ７５ｇ
Ｋ２２（２２カラット金）焼結促進用金合金粉末（Ａｕ９１．５：Ｃｕ８．５）２５ｇ
上記の配合物をメノウ乳鉢の中へ入れ、これに有機バインダー（カルボキシメチルセルローズ、ＣＭＣ）を溶かした水溶液を少量加えてから、これらを乳棒を使って手でよく攪拌して出来るだけ均一に混ぜ合わせた。これを丸棒成形用の金型へ装入し５００ｋｇ／ｃｍ２で 加圧してφ８ｍｍ×２０ｍｍの丸棒を成形した。この成形体をまず５００℃に加熱して有機バインダーを除去した後、真空中で８８０℃、２時間焼結を行った。得られた焼結体の見かけ気孔率は６．１％で、良好なＫ２２の高密度焼結体が得られた。 また、この焼結丸棒を小型旋盤に取り付け切削性を調べたところ、切削時、バイトの刃先から出てきた切削片は途切れて細かくなることなく、リボン状に連続したもので滑らかな切削作業ができ切削面にも光沢があった。
【０００９】
【実施例２】
Ｋ２２母材粉末（Ａｕ９１．７：Ｐｄ８．３） ８０ｇ
Ｋ２２焼結促進用金合金粉末（Ａｕ９１．５：Ｇｅ８．５） １０ｇ
トルマリン粉 ８．５ｇ
上記の配合物をメノウ乳鉢の中へ入れ、これにアラビアゴムの水溶液を加えてから乳棒を使って手でよく攪拌して出来るだけ均一に混ぜ合わせた。これをタブレット成形用の金型へ装入し８００ｋｇ／ｃｍ２で加圧してφ８ｍｍ×５ｍｍのタブレットを成形した。この成形体を真空中５００℃で加熱してアラビアゴムを除去した後、引き続いて３３０℃、２０時間焼結を行った。得られた焼結体の見かけ気孔率は６．８％で、この焼結体をＸ線透過法で観察したところトルマリン粉が均一に分散したＫ２０相当の焼結体であった。
【００１０】
【実施例３】
Ｋ１８（１８カラット金）母材粉末（Ａｕ７５：Ａｇ１２．５：Ｃｕ１２．５） ９０ｇＫ１８（１８カラット金）焼結促進用金合金粉末（Ａｕ７５：Ｉｎ２５） １０ｇ上記の混合物を２００ｍｌ容器のポットミルへ入れ、２時間回転させて均一に混ぜ合わせた。攪拌後、混合粉を取り出してこれにアラビアゴム水溶液を少量加え、乳鉢中でよく混ぜた物を丸棒成形用の金型へ装入し８００ｋｇ／ｃｍ２で加圧してφ８ｍｍ×２０ｍｍの丸棒を成形した。この成形体を真空中で３８５℃でアラビアゴムを除去してから続いて２時間の焼結を行った。得られた焼結体の見かけ気孔率は５．６％で良好なＫ１８の高密度焼結体が得られた。また、この丸棒を小型旋盤に取り付け切削してみたところ切削性も優れ、切削面は光沢があり滑らかであった。
【００１１】
【実施例４】
Ｋ２０母材粉末（Ａｕ８３．３：Ａｇ８．３５：Ｃｕ８．３５） ９０ｇ
Ｋ１８焼結促進用金合金粉末（Ａｕ７５：Ｇｅ２５） ５ｇ
トルマリン粉 ９ｇ
上記混合物を小型振動ボールミルの中へ入れ２時間混合した。この混合粉にパラフィンワックスを少量加え、それらをメノウ乳鉢の中へ入れ、乳棒を使って手でよく攪拌してワックスを出来るだけ均一に混合粉へ混ぜ合わせた。これをタブレット成形用の金型へ装入し１０００ｋｇ／ｃｍ２で加圧してφ８ｍｍ×５ｍｍのタブレットを成形した。この成形体を真空中で４８０℃で加熱してパラフィンを気化させて除去した後そのままの温度で２時間焼結を行った。得られた焼結体の見かけ気孔率は５．９％で、トルマリン粉が均一に分散したＫ１８焼結体が得られた。
【００１２】
【実施例５】
Ｋ１８母材粉末（Ａｕ７５：Ａｇ１５：Ｃｕ１０） ９０ｇ
Ｋ１８焼結促進用金合金粉末（Ａｕ７５：Ｓｎ２５） ３ｇ
最初に、上記の混合物をメノウ乳鉢中でよく攪拌混合した後、これにパラジクロルベンゼンを少量加えて、さらに十分な攪拌を行って出来るだけ均一に混ぜ合わせた。この混合物を簡易射出成形機の金型へ装入し８００ｋｇ／ｃｍ２で加圧して内径５ｍｍ×外形７ｍｍのリングを成形した。このリング成形体をアルミナ粉中へセットして真空中で４５℃に６時間保持してパラジクロルベンゼンを除去した後、２５０℃で５時間焼結を行った。得られた焼結体の見かけ気孔率は３．６％で、良好なＫ１８の高密度焼結体が得られた。
【００１３】
【実施例６】
Ｋ２２母材粉末（Ａｕ９１．６：Ａｇ４．２：Ｃｕ４．２） ６０ｇ
Ｋ１８焼結促進用金合金粉末（Ａｕ９２：Ｓｉ８） ３０ｇ
フェライト粉（磁性粉） １２ｇ
上記の混合物にパラフィンワックスを少量加え、それらをメノウ乳鉢の中へ入れ、乳鉢を使って手でよく攪拌して出来るだけ均一に混ぜ合わせた。これをタブレット成形用の金型へ装入し８００ｋｇ／ｃｍ２で加圧してφ８ｍｍ×５ｍｍのタブレットを成形した。この成形体を真空中で５００℃で加熱してパラフィンワックスを気化させて除去した後、少し温度を上げて５８０℃で２時間焼結を行った。得られた焼結体の見かけ気孔率は５．９％で、フェライト粉が均一に分散したＫ１８焼結体が得られた。
【００１４】
【実施例７】
Ｋ２０母材粉末（Ａｕ８３．３：Ａｇ８．３５：Ｃｕ８．３５） ９０ｇ
Ｋ１８焼結促進用金合金粉末（Ａｕ７５：Ａｇ９：Ｃｕ６：Ｓｎ１０） ５ｇ
抗菌性チタニア（ＴｉＯ２） ９ｇ
上記の混合物にパラフィンワックスを少量加え、それらをメノウ乳鉢の中へ入れ、乳鉢を使って手でよく攪拌して出来るだけ均一に混ぜ合わせた。これをタブレット成形用の金型へ装入し８００ｋｇ／ｃｍ２で加圧してφ８ｍｍ×５ｍｍのタブレットを成形した。この成形体を真空中で５００℃で加熱してパラフィンを気化させて除去した後、さらに温度を上げて７００℃で３時間焼結を行った。得られた焼結体の見かけ気孔率は５．９％で、チタニア粉が均一に分散した良好なＫ１８焼結体が得られた。
【００１５】
【実施例８】
Ｋ１８母材粉末（Ａｕ７５：Ａｇ１２．５：Ｃｕ１２．５） ９５ｇ
Ｋ１８焼結促進用金合金粉末（Ａｕ７５：Ａｇ９：Ｃｕ６：Ｚｎ１０） ５ｇ
最初に、上記の混合物をメノウ乳鉢中でよく攪拌混合した後、これにパラジクロルベンゼンを少量加えて、さらに十分な攪拌を行って出来るだけ均一に混ぜ合わせた。この混合物を簡易射出成形機の金型中へ装入し１０００ｋｇ／ｃｍ２で加圧して内径５ｍｍ×外形７ｍｍのリングを成形した。このリング成形体をアルミナ粉中へセットして真空中で６０℃でパラジクロールベンゼンを気化除去してから６８０℃で２時間焼結を行った。得られた焼結体の見かけ気孔率は３．６％で、良好なＫ１８の高密度焼結体が得られた。
【００１６】
【実施例９】
Ｋ２２母材粉末（Ａｕ９１．６：Ａｇ４．２：Ｃｕ４．２） ６０ｇ
Ｋ１８焼結促進用金合金粉末（Ａｕ９２：Ｓｉ８） ３０ｇ
遠赤外線放射セラミック粉 １２ｇ
（ここで用いた赤外線放射セラミック粉は（ＭｎＯ２６０％：Ｆｅ２Ｏ３２０％：ＣｕＯ１０％：ＣｏＯ１０％）２５％とコージェライト粉７５％の混合粉を焼結後、粉砕したものである。）
最初に、上記の３種類の粉末をメノウ乳鉢中でよく攪拌混合した後、これにパラフィンとパラジクロールベンゼンを少量づつ加えて、さらに十分な攪拌を行って出来るだけ均一に混ぜ合わせた。この混合物を簡易射出成形機の金型中へ装入し５００ｋｇ／ｃｍ２の射出圧で加圧して内径５ｍｍ×外形７ｍｍの甲丸リングを成形した。このリング成形体をアルミナ粉中へセットして真空中で１００℃でパラジクロールベンゼンを気化除去してから４５０℃でパラフィンを気化除去した後、６８０℃で２時間焼結を行った。得られた焼結体の見かけ気孔率は３．６％で、人体の加温と血液の循環性を良好にする遠赤外線放射セラミック粉が均一に分散したＫ１８の高密度焼結体が得られた。
【００１７】
【実施例１０】
Ｋ１８母材粉末（Ａｕ７５：Ｐｄ１５：Ａｇ２：Ｃｕ８） ８５ｇ
（ホワイトゴールド）
Ｋ１８焼結促進用金合金粉末（Ａｕ７５：Ａｇ１０：Ｃｕ６：Ｚｎ７：Ｉｎ２）１５ｇ
（ホワイトゴールド）
ホワイトゴールド焼結体を作るため、上記の混合物にパラフィンワックスを少量加え、それらをメノウ乳鉢の中へ入れ、乳棒を使って手でよく攪拌して出来るだけ均一に混ぜ合わせた。これをタブレット成形用の金型へ装入し８００ｋｇ／ｃｍ２で加圧してφ８ｍｍ×５ｍｍのタブレットを成形した。この成形体を真空中で４５０℃で加熱してパラフィンワックスを気化させて除去した後、少し温度を上げて６５０℃で６時間焼結を行った。得られた焼結体の見かけ気孔率は７．６％で、良好で切削性の優れたＫ１８ホワイトゴールドの高密度結晶体が得られた。
【００１８】
【実施例１１】
Ｋ１８母材粉末（Ａｕ７５：Ａｇ１０：Ｃｕ１５） ９０ｇ
Ｋ１８焼結促進用金合金粉末（Ａｕ７５：Ａｇ１０：Ｃｕ８：Ｚｎ５：Ｉｎ２）１０ｇ
上記の混合物にマイクロクリスタリンワックスを少量加え、それらをメノウ乳鉢の中へ入れ、乳棒を使って手でよく攪拌して出来るだけ均一に混ぜ合わせた。これをタブレット成形用の金型へ装入し８００ｋｇ／ｃｍ２で加圧してφ８ｍｍ×５ｍｍのタブレットを成形した。この成形体を真空中で４５０℃で加熱してマイクロクリスタリンワックスを気化させて除去した後、少し温度を上げて６９０℃で１．５時間焼結を行った。得られた焼結体の見かけ気孔率は４．５％で、良好なＫ１８の高密度結晶体が得られた。
【００１９】
【実施例１２】
Ｋ１４母材粉末（Ａｕ５８．３：Ａｇ１３：Ｐｄ１８．５：Ｃｕ８．５：Ｚｎ１．５） ８０ｇ
（ホワイトゴールド）
Ｋ１４焼結促進用金合金粉末（Ａｕ５８．３：Ａｇ２２：Ｐｄ１５：Ｉｎ４．７） ２０ｇ
（ホワイトゴールド）
上記の混合物にマイクロクリスタリンワックスを少量加え、それらをメノウ乳鉢の中へ入れ、乳棒を使って手でよく攪拌して出来るだけ均一に混ぜ合わせた。これを丸棒成形用の金型へ装入し５００ｋｇ／ｃｍ２で加圧してφ８ｍｍ×２０ｍｍの丸棒を成形した。この成形体を真空中で４５０℃で加熱してマイクロクリスタリンワックスを気化させて除去した後、少し温度を上げて６３０℃で５時間焼結を行った。得られた焼結体の見かけ気孔率は６．２％で良好なＫ１４ホワイトゴールドの高密度焼結体が得られた。また、この丸棒を小型旋盤に取り付け切削性を調べたところ、バイトの刃先から出る切り屑はリボン状に連続したもので切削性も優れていた。
【００２０】
【実施例１３】
Ｋ１４母材粉末（Ａｕ５８．３：Ｐｄ１９：Ａｇ１１．５：Ｃｕ１１） ８０ｇ
Ｋ１４焼結促進用金合金粉末（Ａｕ５８．５：Ａｇ３７：Ｉｎ４．５） ２０ｇ
上記の混合物にマイクロクリスタリンワックスを少量加え、それらをメノウ乳鉢の中へ入れ、乳棒を使って手でよく攪拌して出来るだけ均一に混ぜ合わせた。これを丸棒成形用の金型へ装入し５００ｋｇ／ｃｍ２で加圧してφ８ｍｍ×２０ｍｍの丸棒を成形した。この成形体を真空中で４５０℃で加熱してマイクロクリスタリンワックスを気化させて除去した後、少し温度を上げて７００℃で３時間焼結を行った。得られた焼結体の見かけ気孔率は６．２％で良好なＫ１４の高密度焼結体が得られた。また、この丸棒を小型旋盤に取り付け切削性を調べたところ、切削性も良好で切削面も滑らかであった。
【００２１】
【実施例１４】
Ｋ１８母材粉末（Ａｕ７５：Ａｇ１２．５：Ｃｕ１２．５） ７５ｇ
Ｋ１４焼結促進用金合金粉末（Ａｕ５８．３：Ｉｎ４１．７） １５ｇ
抗菌性チタニア粉（ＴｉＯ２） ２１ｇ
上記の混合物にパラフィンワックスを少量加え、それらをメノウ乳鉢の中へ入れ、乳棒を使って手でよく攪拌して出来るだけ均一に混ぜ合わせた。これをタブレット成形用の金型へ装入し８００ｋｇ／ｃｍ２で加圧してφ８ｍｍ×５ｍｍのタブレットを成形した。この成形体を真空中で４５５℃で加熱してパラフィンワックスを気化させて除去した後、そのまま４５５℃で１０時間焼結を行った。得られた焼結体の見かけ気孔率は７．６％で抗菌効果のあるチタニア粉が均一に分散した焼結体が得られた。
【００２２】
【実施例１５】
Ｋ１０母材粉末（Ａｕ４１．７：Ｃｕ３０．８：Ｚｎ２７．５） ８５ｇ
Ｋ１０焼結促進用金合金粉末（Ａｕ４１．７：Ｃｕ１６．３：Ｚｎ１０） １５ｇ
上記の混合物にマイクロクリスタリンワックスを少量加え、それらをメノウ乳鉢の中へ入れ、乳棒を使って手でよく攪拌して出来るだけ均一に混ぜ合わせた。これをタブレット成形用の金型へ装入し８００ｋｇ／ｃｍ２で加圧してφ８ｍｍ×５ｍｍのタブレットを成形した。この成形体を真空中で４５０℃で加熱してマイクロクリスタリンワックスを気化させて除去した後、少し温度を上げて７４０℃で１．５時間焼結を行った。得られた焼結体の見かけ気孔率は５．１％で良好なＫ１０の高密度焼結体が得られた。
【００２３】
【実施例１６】
純金（Ｋ２４）母材粉末 ５５ｇ
Ｋ１４焼結促進用金合金粉末（Ａｕ５８．３：Ｃｕ３７：Ｉｎ４．７） ８０ｇ
上記の混合物にパラフィンワックスを少量加え、それらをメノウ乳鉢の中へ入れ、乳棒を使って手でよく攪拌して出来るだけ均一に混ぜ合わせた。これを丸棒成形用の金型へ装入し８００ｋｇ／ｃｍ２で加圧してφ８ｍｍ×２０ｍｍの丸棒を成形した。この成形体を真空中で４５０℃で加熱してパラフィンワックスを気化させて除去した後、少し温度を上げて７５０℃で６時間焼結を行った。得られた焼結体の見かけ気孔率は６．３％で良好なＫ１８の高密度焼結体が得られた。また、この丸棒を小型旋盤に取り付け切削性を調べたところ、切削片はリボン状に連続したもので切削面は光沢のある滑らかな面をしていた。
【００２４】
【実施例１７】
純金（Ｋ２４）母材粉末 ３２ｇ
Ｋ１０焼結促進用金合金粉末（Ａｕ４１．７：Ａｇ３５：Ｃｕ２１．９：Ｚｎ１．４）８０ｇ
上記の混合物にマイクロクリスタリンワックスを少量加え、それらをメノウ乳鉢の中へ入れ、乳棒を使って手でよく攪拌して出来るだけ均一に混ぜ合わせた。これをタブレット成形用の金型へ装入し８００ｋｇ／ｃｍ２で加圧してφ８ｍｍ×５ｍｍのタブレットを成形した。この成形体を真空中で４５０℃で加熱してマイクロクリスタリンワックスを気化させて除去した後、少し温度を上げて７３０℃で１．５時間焼結を行った。得られた焼結体の見かけ気孔率は５．９％で良好なＫ１４の高密度焼結体が得られた。
【００２５】
【実施例１８】
Ｋ２０母材粉末（Ａｕ８３．３：Ａｇ８．３５：Ｃｕ８．３５） ９０ｇ
Ｋ１８焼結促進用金合金粉末（Ａｕ７５：Ａｇ９：Ｃｕ６：Ｓｎ１０） ５ｇ
珪藻土粉 ９ｇ
上記の混合物にパラフィンワックスを少量加え、それらをメノウ乳鉢の中へ入れ、乳棒を使って手でよく攪拌して出来るだけ均一に混ぜ合わせた。これをタブレット成形用の金型へ装入し８００ｋｇ／ｃｍ２で加圧してφ８ｍｍ×５ｍｍのタブレットを成形した。この成形体を真空中で５００℃で加熱してパラフィンワックスを気化させて除去した後、さらに温度を上げて７００℃で３時間焼結を行った。得られた焼結体の見かけ気孔率は２６％の多孔質セラミック含有金合金焼結体が得られた。これにラベンダー香料エキスをしみ込ませて芳香を放つ金合金とし、精神的なストレス緩和性をもつＫ１８焼結体とした。
【００２６】
【実施例１９】
Ｋ２０母材粉末（Ａｕ８３．３：Ａｇ８．３５：Ｃｕ８．３５） ９０ｇ
Ｋ１８焼結促進用金合金粉末（Ａｕ７５：Ａｇ９：Ｃｕ６：Ｓｎ１０） ５ｇ
ポーラスリン酸カルシウム粉 ９ｇ
上記の混合物にパラフィンワックスを少量加え、それらをメノウ乳鉢の中へ入れ、乳棒を使って手でよく攪拌して出来るだけ均一に混ぜ合わせた。これをタブレット成形用の金型へ装入し８００ｋｇ／ｃｍ２で加圧してφ８ｍｍ×５ｍｍのタブレットを成形した。この成形体を真空中で５００℃で加熱してパラフィンワックスを気化させて除去した後、さらに温度を上げて７００℃で５時間焼結を行った。得られた焼結体の見かけ気孔率は２６％の多孔質セラミック含有金合金焼結体が得られた。これにジャスミン香料エキスをしみ込ませて芳香を放つ金合金とし、消臭及びストレス緩和性をもつＫ１８焼結体とした。
【００２７】
【実施例２０】
Ｋ１８母材粉末（Ａｕ７５：Ａｇ１２．５：Ｃｕ１２．５） ７５ｇ
Ｋ１４焼結促進用金合金粉末（Ａｕ５８．３：Ｉｎ４１．７） １１ｇ
珪藻土粉 １０ｇ
上記の混合物にパラフィンワックスを少量加え、それらをメノウ乳鉢の中へ入れ、乳棒を使って手でよく攪拌して出来るだけ均一に混ぜ合わせた。これをタブレット成形用の金型へ装入し８００ｋｇ／ｃｍ２で加圧してφ８ｍｍ×５ｍｍのタブレットを成形した。この成形体を真空中で４５５℃で加熱してパラフィンワックスを気化させて除去した後、そのまま４５５℃で１０時間焼結を行った。得られた焼結体の見かけ気孔率は１５．６％であった。この焼結体へラベンダーエキスを含浸させ、ストレス緩和と電磁気効果をもつＫ１４焼結体が得られた。
【００２８】
【実施例２１】
Ｋ１８母材粉末（Ａｕ７５：Ａｇ１２．５：Ｃｕ１２．５） ７５ｇ
Ｋ１４焼結促進用金合金粉末（Ａｕ５８．３：Ｉｎ４１．７） １５ｇ
ポーラスシャモット粉 ２１ｇ
上記の混合物にパラフィンワックスを少量加え、それらをメノウ乳鉢の中へ入れ、乳棒を使って手でよく攪拌して出来るだけ均一に混ぜ合わせた。これをタブレット成形用の金型へ装入し８００ｋｇ／ｃｍ２で加圧してφ８ｍｍ×５ｍｍのタブレットを成形した。この成形体を真空中で４５５℃で加熱してパラフィンワックスを気化させて除去した後、そのまま４５５℃で１０時間焼結を行った。得られた焼結体の見かけ気孔率は１８．３％で、ポーラスシャモット粉が均一に分散したＫ１４焼結体が得られた。次に、この焼結体をテトラプトキシチタン｛Ｔｉ（Ｏ−ｎＣ４Ｈ９）４｝の加水分解溶液へ浸漬した後乾燥した。加水分解溶液への浸漬と乾燥の処理を３回繰り返して焼結体の内部と表面へ抗菌効果のあるチタニア（ＴｉＯ２）をコーティングした。
【００２９】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように、本発明による金合金の焼結体は焼結促進用金合金の添加効果によって焼結が著しく加速されることによって気孔率が小さい高密度の金合金焼結体が得られるため、切削加工その他の後加工による最終製品への形状及び寸法等の調整が自由に出来る。したがって、無垢のブロックから切削加工だけで部品を作る場合のように多量の切削屑を出すことなく、また、ロストワックス鋳造のような長い製造工程を経ることなく機械加工品と同等の機械的特性を有する金合金製品を作ることができ、鋳造や機械加工品等に比較して製品コストの低減化ができる。また電磁気、抗菌、遠赤外線放射効果等の機能性セラミック粉を金合金に配合することによって健康の維持促進に効果のある金合金宝飾品、さらには多孔質セラミック粉を配合して意図的に多孔質の金合金焼結体とし、これに芳香性香料をしみ込ませて消臭と精神的ストレス緩和性をもたせた金宝飾品は近時における消費者の健康志向の高まりに応えたものといえよう。[0001]
[Technical field to which the invention belongs]
In the gold jewelery market in Japan, K24 pure gold and K22 to K9 are recognized as gold products from the highest quality gold. In particular, a product of 18 carat gold (K18) having a gold content of 75% by weight is excellent in processability, scientific stability, hue, etc., and therefore accounts for almost 90% of the total gold product. Among these carat gold products, chains such as necklaces and bracelets are machined, and other complicated shapes such as rings, pendant tops, brooches and earrings are almost always made by casting. However, even complex shaped gold jewelery and parts can be manufactured by making a sintered product up to one step before the finished product by powder sintering method without casting with a long manufacturing process and then giving some machining. In addition, gold products with various functions can be made. The present invention provides a high-density gold alloy sintered body that can be machined at high density by a powder sintering method, and a functional gold alloy jewelry that exhibits antibacterial, electromagnetic, far-infrared, deodorant, and aromatherapy effects. Is the technology to manufacture.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Traditionally, chains were machined, and many gold alloy products except chains were made by lost wax casting. Lost wax casting is a long process and requires manpower, making it difficult to reduce product costs. On the other hand, if a part such as a clasp is made from a solid gold alloy block by machining, a large amount of cutting powder is generated and wasteful. In addition, it is difficult to cast a gold product imparted with functionality by these machining, casting and machining.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Most gold jewelery is made by machining or casting, but machine processing is used for the production of jewelry parts with relatively simple shapes such as chains. Rings, brooches, Most of the products such as pendants and earrings are manufactured by lost wax casting, but the production of jewelry by casting leads to cost increase because of the long process.
[0004]
The present invention aims to reduce the cost by manufacturing a gold product by a powder sintering method, and also performs post-processing on a high-density sintered product obtained by the sintering method to manufacture a more complicated gold jewelry, Another object of the present invention is to produce a sintered gold alloy that exhibits the effect of maintaining and promoting the health of the human body by blending functional ceramic powder into the sintered body.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
A solution obtained by adding a gold alloy powder for promoting the sintering having a melting point lower than that of the sintered base material to a base material powder of the gold alloy (carat gold) from a temperature of 30 ° C. or less below the solidus temperature of the gold alloy for promoting sintering. The sintering-promoting gold alloy powder is partially or wholly melted at the time of sintering at a temperature lower than the phase line temperature to further promote the sintering of the molded body to obtain a gold alloy sintered body of a predetermined carat gold.
[0006]
If the product shape is relatively simple, the gold alloy powder is formed into a compact by press molding, and the compact is sintered in a vacuum or in an inert gas atmosphere to obtain a sintered body of a predetermined shape. The sintered body may be post-processed to obtain a final product. In the case of a product with a complicated shape, a mixed powder of a gold alloy base material powder and a sintering-promoting gold alloy powder into a cavity in which a mold having a size 1.5 to 20% larger than the final product is set Is molded into a molded body. This molded body is buried in alumina powder, and after removing the binder at 250 to 500 ° C., it is heated at 250 to 900 ° C. for 0.2 to 50 hours to form a sintered body. After making the parts of a predetermined size, finish processing by buffing is made into a product. To obtain a gold alloy sintered body with added functionality, sintered gold alloy containing functional ceramic powder, porous ceramic powder, etc. in either the gold alloy base material and the sintering-promoting powder or a mixture of both Let it be the body. A gold alloy sintered body having an aromatherapy effect can be obtained by impregnating a fragrance extract into a sintered body containing porous ceramic powder.
[0007]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail based on Examples 1 to 21.
[0008]
[Example 1]
K22 (22 carat gold) base material powder (Au91.7: Pd8.3) 75g
25 g of K22 (22 carat gold) gold alloy powder for promoting sintering (Au91.5: Cu8.5)
Put the above mixture into an agate mortar, add a small amount of an aqueous solution containing organic binder (carboxymethylcellulose, CMC), and mix them as uniformly as possible with a pestle. Combined. This was placed in a mold for forming a round bar and pressurized at 500 kg / cm 2 to form a round bar of φ8 mm × 20 mm. The molded body was first heated to 500 ° C. to remove the organic binder, and then sintered in vacuum at 880 ° C. for 2 hours. The apparent porosity of the obtained sintered body was 6.1%, and a good K22 high-density sintered body was obtained. In addition, when this sintered round bar was attached to a small lathe and the machinability was examined, the cutting piece coming out of the cutting edge of the cutting tool was not cut off and became fine during cutting, and it was a continuous ribbon-like cutting operation. The cutting surface was glossy.
[0009]
[Example 2]
K22 base material powder (Au91.7: Pd8.3) 80g
Gold alloy powder for promoting K22 sintering (Au91.5: Ge8.5) 10 g
Tourmaline powder 8.5g
The above mixture was put into an agate mortar, and an aqueous solution of gum arabic was added thereto. After that, the mixture was mixed as uniformly as possible with a hand using a pestle. This was molded tablets 8 mm diameter × 5 mm pressurized with charged to 800 kg / cm 2 into a mold for the tablet molding. The molded body was heated in vacuum at 500 ° C. to remove gum arabic, and then sintered at 330 ° C. for 20 hours. The apparent porosity of the obtained sintered body was 6.8%. When this sintered body was observed by an X-ray transmission method, it was a sintered body corresponding to K20 in which tourmaline powder was uniformly dispersed.
[0010]
[Example 3]
K18 (18 carat gold) base material powder (Au75: Ag12.5: Cu12.5) 90 g K18 (18 carat gold) gold alloy powder for sintering promotion (Au75: In25) 10 g The above mixture was put in a pot mill of a 200 ml container, Rotated for 2 hours and mixed uniformly. After stirring, to which was added a small amount of gum arabic aqueous solution removed mixed powder, 8 mm diameter × 20 mm round bar pressurized with charged to 800 kg / cm 2 things mixed well in a mortar into a mold for the round bar molding Was molded. After the gum arabic was removed at 385 ° C. in a vacuum, the molded body was then sintered for 2 hours. The apparent porosity of the obtained sintered body was 5.6%, and a good K18 high-density sintered body was obtained. Further, when this round bar was mounted on a small lathe and cut, the cutting performance was excellent, and the cutting surface was glossy and smooth.
[0011]
[Example 4]
K20 base material powder (Au83.3: Ag8.35: Cu8.35) 90g
K18 Sintering promotion gold alloy powder (Au75: Ge25) 5g
Tourmaline powder 9g
The mixture was placed in a small vibrating ball mill and mixed for 2 hours. A small amount of paraffin wax was added to this mixed powder, they were put into an agate mortar, and the mixture was mixed with the mixed powder as uniformly as possible by thoroughly stirring by hand with a pestle. This was inserted into a tablet molding die and pressed at 1000 kg / cm 2 to mold a tablet of φ8 mm × 5 mm. The molded body was heated in vacuum at 480 ° C. to vaporize and remove paraffin, and then sintered at the same temperature for 2 hours. The apparent porosity of the obtained sintered body was 5.9%, and a K18 sintered body in which tourmaline powder was uniformly dispersed was obtained.
[0012]
[Example 5]
K18 base material powder (Au75: Ag15: Cu10) 90g
K18 Sintering promotion gold alloy powder (Au75: Sn25) 3g
First, the above mixture was thoroughly stirred and mixed in an agate mortar, and then a small amount of paradichlorobenzene was added thereto and further sufficiently stirred to mix as uniformly as possible. This mixture was charged into a mold of a simple injection molding machine and pressurized at 800 kg / cm 2 to form a ring having an inner diameter of 5 mm × an outer diameter of 7 mm. The ring molded body was set in alumina powder and held at 45 ° C. in vacuum for 6 hours to remove paradichlorobenzene, and then sintered at 250 ° C. for 5 hours. The apparent porosity of the obtained sintered body was 3.6%, and a good K18 high-density sintered body was obtained.
[0013]
[Example 6]
K22 base material powder (Au91.6: Ag4.2: Cu4.2) 60g
K18 Sintering promotion gold alloy powder (Au92: Si8) 30g
Ferrite powder (magnetic powder) 12g
A small amount of paraffin wax was added to the above mixture, and they were put into an agate mortar and mixed by hand with a mortar with sufficient stirring. This was inserted into a tablet molding die and pressed at 800 kg / cm 2 to mold a tablet of φ8 mm × 5 mm. This molded body was heated in vacuum at 500 ° C. to vaporize and remove the paraffin wax, and then heated at 580 ° C. for 2 hours at a slightly elevated temperature. The apparent porosity of the obtained sintered body was 5.9%, and a K18 sintered body in which ferrite powder was uniformly dispersed was obtained.
[0014]
[Example 7]
K20 base material powder (Au83.3: Ag8.35: Cu8.35) 90g
K18 Sintering promotion gold alloy powder (Au75: Ag9: Cu6: Sn10) 5g
Antibacterial titania (TiO 2 ) 9g
A small amount of paraffin wax was added to the above mixture, and they were put into an agate mortar and mixed by hand with a mortar with sufficient stirring. This was inserted into a tablet molding die and pressed at 800 kg / cm 2 to mold a tablet of φ8 mm × 5 mm. This molded body was heated in vacuum at 500 ° C. to vaporize and remove paraffin, and then the temperature was further raised and sintering was performed at 700 ° C. for 3 hours. The apparent porosity of the obtained sintered body was 5.9%, and a good K18 sintered body in which titania powder was uniformly dispersed was obtained.
[0015]
[Example 8]
K18 base material powder (Au75: Ag12.5: Cu12.5) 95g
K18 Sintering promotion gold alloy powder (Au75: Ag9: Cu6: Zn10) 5g
First, the above mixture was thoroughly stirred and mixed in an agate mortar, and then a small amount of paradichlorobenzene was added thereto and further sufficiently stirred to mix as uniformly as possible. This mixture was charged into a mold of a simple injection molding machine and pressed at 1000 kg / cm 2 to form a ring having an inner diameter of 5 mm × an outer diameter of 7 mm. This ring molded body was set in alumina powder, and paradichlorobenzene was vaporized and removed at 60 ° C. in vacuum, followed by sintering at 680 ° C. for 2 hours. The apparent porosity of the obtained sintered body was 3.6%, and a good K18 high-density sintered body was obtained.
[0016]
[Example 9]
K22 base material powder (Au91.6: Ag4.2: Cu4.2) 60g
K18 Sintering promotion gold alloy powder (Au92: Si8) 30g
Far-infrared radiation ceramic powder 12g
(The infrared radiation ceramic powder used here is obtained by sintering and then milling a mixed powder of 25% (MnO 2 60%: Fe 2 O 3 20%: CuO 10%: CoO 10%) and cordierite powder 75%. .)
First, the above-mentioned three kinds of powders were thoroughly mixed in an agate mortar, and then paraffin and paradichlorobenzene were added in small portions, and the mixture was further stirred thoroughly and mixed as uniformly as possible. This mixture was charged into a mold of a simple injection molding machine and pressurized with an injection pressure of 500 kg / cm 2 to form a round ring with an inner diameter of 5 mm and an outer diameter of 7 mm. This ring molded body was set in alumina powder, paradichlorobenzene was vaporized and removed at 100 ° C. in vacuum, and paraffin was vaporized and removed at 450 ° C., followed by sintering at 680 ° C. for 2 hours. The apparent porosity of the obtained sintered body is 3.6%, and a high-density sintered body of K18 in which far-infrared radiation ceramic powder that improves the warming of the human body and the circulation of blood is uniformly dispersed is obtained. It was.
[0017]
[Example 10]
K18 base material powder (Au75: Pd15: Ag2: Cu8) 85g
(White gold)
K18 Sintering promotion gold alloy powder (Au75: Ag10: Cu6: Zn7: In2) 15g
(White gold)
In order to make a white gold sintered body, a small amount of paraffin wax was added to the above mixture, and they were put into an agate mortar and mixed by using a pestle with hands to mix as evenly as possible. This was molded tablets 8 mm diameter × 5 mm pressurized with charged to 800 kg / cm 2 into a mold for the tablet molding. The molded body was heated in vacuum at 450 ° C. to vaporize and remove the paraffin wax, and then the temperature was raised slightly and sintering was performed at 650 ° C. for 6 hours. The apparent porosity of the obtained sintered body was 7.6%, and a high-density crystal of K18 white gold having good and excellent machinability was obtained.
[0018]
Example 11
K18 base material powder (Au75: Ag10: Cu15) 90g
K18 sintering promotion gold alloy powder (Au75: Ag10: Cu8: Zn5: In2) 10g
A small amount of microcrystalline wax was added to the above mixture, and they were put into an agate mortar and mixed by hand with a pestle and mixed as evenly as possible. This was inserted into a tablet molding die and pressed at 800 kg / cm 2 to mold a tablet of φ8 mm × 5 mm. The molded body was heated in vacuum at 450 ° C. to vaporize and remove the microcrystalline wax, and then the temperature was raised slightly and sintering was performed at 690 ° C. for 1.5 hours. The apparent porosity of the obtained sintered body was 4.5%, and a good K18 high-density crystal was obtained.
[0019]
Example 12
K14 base material powder (Au58.3: Ag13: Pd18.5: Cu8.5: Zn1.5) 80 g
(White gold)
Gold alloy powder for K14 sintering promotion (Au58.3: Ag22: Pd15: In4.7) 20g
(White gold)
A small amount of microcrystalline wax was added to the above mixture, and they were put into an agate mortar and mixed by hand with a pestle and mixed as evenly as possible. This was charged into a round bar mold and pressed at 500 kg / cm 2 to form a round bar of φ8 mm × 20 mm. The molded body was heated in vacuum at 450 ° C. to vaporize and remove the microcrystalline wax, and then the temperature was raised slightly and sintering was performed at 630 ° C. for 5 hours. The apparent porosity of the obtained sintered body was 6.2%, and a good high-density sintered body of K14 white gold was obtained. In addition, when this round bar was attached to a small lathe and the machinability was examined, the chips coming out of the cutting edge of the cutting tool were continuous in a ribbon shape and had excellent machinability.
[0020]
Example 13
K14 base material powder (Au58.3: Pd19: Ag11.5: Cu11) 80g
20g gold alloy powder for promoting K14 sintering (Au58.5: Ag37: In4.5)
A small amount of microcrystalline wax was added to the above mixture, and they were put into an agate mortar and mixed by hand with a pestle and mixed as evenly as possible. This was charged into a round bar mold and pressed at 500 kg / cm 2 to form a round bar of φ8 mm × 20 mm. This molded body was heated in vacuum at 450 ° C. to vaporize and remove the microcrystalline wax, and then the temperature was raised slightly and sintering was performed at 700 ° C. for 3 hours. The apparent porosity of the obtained sintered body was 6.2%, and a good K14 high-density sintered body was obtained. Further, when this round bar was attached to a small lathe and the machinability was examined, the machinability was good and the cutting surface was smooth.
[0021]
Example 14
K18 base material powder (Au75: Ag12.5: Cu12.5) 75g
K14 Gold alloy powder for promoting sintering (Au58.3: In41.7) 15g
Antibacterial titania powder (TiO 2 ) 21g
A small amount of paraffin wax was added to the above mixture, and they were put into an agate mortar and mixed by hand with a pestle and mixed as uniformly as possible. This was inserted into a tablet molding die and pressed at 800 kg / cm 2 to mold a tablet of φ8 mm × 5 mm. The molded body was heated in vacuum at 455 ° C. to vaporize and remove the paraffin wax, and then sintered at 455 ° C. for 10 hours. The sintered body thus obtained had an apparent porosity of 7.6%, and a sintered body in which titania powder having an antibacterial effect was uniformly dispersed was obtained.
[0022]
Example 15
K10 base material powder (Au41.7: Cu30.8: Zn27.5) 85g
15g of gold alloy powder for promoting K10 sintering (Au41.7: Cu16.3: Zn10)
A small amount of microcrystalline wax was added to the above mixture, and they were put into an agate mortar and mixed by hand with a pestle and mixed as evenly as possible. This was inserted into a tablet molding die and pressed at 800 kg / cm 2 to mold a tablet of φ8 mm × 5 mm. The molded body was heated in vacuum at 450 ° C. to vaporize and remove the microcrystalline wax, and then the temperature was raised slightly and sintering was performed at 740 ° C. for 1.5 hours. The apparent porosity of the obtained sintered body was 5.1%, and a good K10 high-density sintered body was obtained.
[0023]
Example 16
Pure gold (K24) base material powder 55g
K14 gold alloy powder for promoting sintering (Au58.3: Cu37: In4.7) 80g
A small amount of paraffin wax was added to the above mixture, and they were put into an agate mortar and mixed by hand with a pestle and mixed as uniformly as possible. This was charged into a round bar mold and pressed at 800 kg / cm 2 to form a round bar of φ8 mm × 20 mm. This molded body was heated in vacuum at 450 ° C. to vaporize and remove the paraffin wax, and then the temperature was raised slightly and sintering was performed at 750 ° C. for 6 hours. The apparent porosity of the obtained sintered body was 6.3%, and a good K18 high-density sintered body was obtained. Further, when this round bar was attached to a small lathe and the machinability was examined, the cutting piece was continuous in a ribbon shape, and the cutting surface was glossy and smooth.
[0024]
[Example 17]
Pure gold (K24) base material powder 32g
K10 sintering promotion gold alloy powder (Au41.7: Ag35: Cu21.9: Zn1.4) 80g
A small amount of microcrystalline wax was added to the above mixture, and they were put into an agate mortar and mixed by hand with a pestle and mixed as evenly as possible. This was inserted into a tablet molding die and pressed at 800 kg / cm 2 to mold a tablet of φ8 mm × 5 mm. The molded body was heated in vacuum at 450 ° C. to vaporize and remove the microcrystalline wax, and then the temperature was raised slightly and sintering was performed at 730 ° C. for 1.5 hours. The apparent porosity of the obtained sintered body was 5.9%, and a good K14 high-density sintered body was obtained.
[0025]
Example 18
K20 base material powder (Au83.3: Ag8.35: Cu8.35) 90g
K18 Sintering promotion gold alloy powder (Au75: Ag9: Cu6: Sn10) 5g
Diatomaceous earth powder 9g
A small amount of paraffin wax was added to the above mixture, and they were put into an agate mortar and mixed by hand with a pestle and mixed as uniformly as possible. This was inserted into a tablet molding die and pressed at 800 kg / cm 2 to mold a tablet of φ8 mm × 5 mm. This molded body was heated in vacuum at 500 ° C. to vaporize and remove paraffin wax, and then the temperature was further raised and sintering was performed at 700 ° C. for 3 hours. A porous ceramic-containing gold alloy sintered body having an apparent porosity of 26% was obtained. This was impregnated with a lavender fragrance extract to give a scented gold alloy, and a K18 sintered body having mental stress relaxation properties was obtained.
[0026]
Example 19
K20 base material powder (Au83.3: Ag8.35: Cu8.35) 90g
K18 Sintering promotion gold alloy powder (Au75: Ag9: Cu6: Sn10) 5g
Porous calcium phosphate powder 9g
A small amount of paraffin wax was added to the above mixture, and they were put into an agate mortar and mixed by hand with a pestle and mixed as uniformly as possible. This was molded tablets 8 mm diameter × 5 mm pressurized with charged to 800 kg / cm 2 into a mold for the tablet molding. The molded body was heated in vacuum at 500 ° C. to vaporize and remove the paraffin wax, and then the temperature was further raised and sintering was performed at 700 ° C. for 5 hours. A porous ceramic-containing gold alloy sintered body having an apparent porosity of 26% was obtained. This was impregnated with a jasmine fragrance extract to give a scented gold alloy, and a K18 sintered body having deodorant and stress relaxation properties.
[0027]
Example 20
K18 base material powder (Au75: Ag12.5: Cu12.5) 75g
K14 Sintering promotion gold alloy powder (Au58.3: In41.7) 11g
Diatomaceous earth powder 10g
A small amount of paraffin wax was added to the above mixture, and they were put into an agate mortar and mixed by hand with a pestle and mixed as uniformly as possible. This was inserted into a tablet molding die and pressed at 800 kg / cm 2 to mold a tablet of φ8 mm × 5 mm. The molded body was heated in vacuum at 455 ° C. to vaporize and remove the paraffin wax, and then sintered at 455 ° C. for 10 hours. The apparent porosity of the obtained sintered body was 15.6%. This sintered body was impregnated with a lavender extract to obtain a K14 sintered body having stress relaxation and an electromagnetic effect.
[0028]
Example 21
K18 base material powder (Au75: Ag12.5: Cu12.5) 75g
K14 Gold alloy powder for promoting sintering (Au58.3: In41.7) 15g
Porous chamotte powder 21g
A small amount of paraffin wax was added to the above mixture, and they were put into an agate mortar and mixed by hand with a pestle and mixed as uniformly as possible. This was inserted into a tablet molding die and pressed at 800 kg / cm 2 to mold a tablet of φ8 mm × 5 mm. The molded body was heated in vacuum at 455 ° C. to vaporize and remove the paraffin wax, and then sintered at 455 ° C. for 10 hours. The apparent porosity of the obtained sintered body was 18.3%, and a K14 sintered body in which porous chamotte powder was uniformly dispersed was obtained. Next, this sintered body was immersed in a hydrolyzed solution of tetraptoxytitanium {Ti (O-nC 4 H 9 ) 4 } and then dried. The immersion and drying treatments in the hydrolysis solution were repeated three times to coat the inside and the surface of the sintered body with titania (TiO 2 ) having an antibacterial effect.
[0029]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the sintered body of the gold alloy according to the present invention can obtain a high-density gold alloy sintered body having a low porosity by significantly accelerating the sintering due to the effect of the addition of the sintering promoting gold alloy. Therefore, the shape and size of the final product can be freely adjusted by cutting or other post-processing. Therefore, mechanical properties equivalent to machined products are not produced without producing a large amount of cutting waste as in the case of making parts from solid blocks by cutting alone, and without going through a long manufacturing process such as lost wax casting. The gold alloy product having the above can be made, and the product cost can be reduced as compared with casting or machined product. In addition, by combining functional ceramic powders such as electromagnetic, antibacterial and far-infrared radiation effects in gold alloys, gold alloy jewelry that is effective in promoting health maintenance and porous ceramic powders are intentionally made porous. Gold jewelery made of high quality gold alloy sintered body with aromatic fragrance soaked in deodorant and mental stress relief can be said to have responded to the recent increase in consumer health.