JP2005013180A - Fermentation controlling agent - Google Patents

Fermentation controlling agent Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2005013180A
JP2005013180A JP2003186408A JP2003186408A JP2005013180A JP 2005013180 A JP2005013180 A JP 2005013180A JP 2003186408 A JP2003186408 A JP 2003186408A JP 2003186408 A JP2003186408 A JP 2003186408A JP 2005013180 A JP2005013180 A JP 2005013180A
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Japan
Prior art keywords
fermentation
drink
fermented food
yogurt
bacteria
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JP2003186408A
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Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Shoichi Ishigaki
正一 石垣
Akiko Tokunaga
暁子 徳永
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Taiyo Kagaku KK
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Taiyo Kagaku KK
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Priority to JP2003186408A priority Critical patent/JP2005013180A/en
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  • Coloring Foods And Improving Nutritive Qualities (AREA)
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for producing fermented food and drink containing a stable number of microbial cells by solving the problems of commercially available fermented food and drink comprising not always good growth of the microorganism, resulting in the failure in getting a prescribed live microbial cell number, and so improving the growth of the microorganisms in the fermented food and drink. <P>SOLUTION: A fermentation controlling agent containing one or more components selected from zingerol, shogaol and zingerone is added at the initial stage of the production of the fermented food or drink to adjust the activity of lactobacillus and promote the fermentation. The number of cells of the lactobacillus in the product is stabilized to give a delicious fermented food or drink. The fermentation controlling agent is extracted from ginger. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、製造の初期段階に有効成分としてジンゲロール、ショウガオール、ジンゲロンからなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1種以上を含有し、乳酸菌の働きを調整することで発酵を促進し、製品中での乳酸菌類の菌数を安定させることによりおいしく食べることができ、また有用な生理機能を発現させることができる発酵調整組成物及びこれを含有する発酵飲食品に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
少子高齢化の到来により、国民の健康志向はますます高くなり、中でも生活習慣病の予防が大きな社会問題として顕在化してきた。生活習慣病の中でも、食生活による疾病がますます増加しており、これら食生活習慣に由来する疾病の予防法の一つに腸内細菌叢を活性化して健康を維持することがあげられる。
【0003】
上記の疾病を予防もしくは治癒させる目的で乳酸菌類を積極的に活用するプロバイオテックスの商品群が、ここ数年来、欧米各国において開発されてきた。日本国内においても、このプロバイオテックスを前面に出した商品開発が活発化しており、種々の特徴のある菌株を利用した商品が数多く上市されてきた。
【0004】
これらの菌株による発酵においては、生育条件が特殊なものが多く、従来市販されてきた菌株でのヨーグルトの製造方法に比較して、必ずしも生育が良好とは言えず、所定の生菌数を確保できない問題があった。この製造工程の制御方法としては、菌株の選定、改良、栄養源の改善などがあげられるが、これらの改良にも限界があって、制御しにくいものがあった。
【0005】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者は上記の目的を達成するため鋭意研究を重ねた結果、ジンゲロール、ショウガオール、ジンゲロンからなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1種以上の成分を含有する発酵調整組成物を発酵飲食品の製造における初期段階で添加することで、発酵を促進させ安定した乳酸菌数の発酵飲食品を得られることを見出し、本発明を完成した。
【0006】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明をより詳細に説明する。
本発明における発酵調整とは特に限定されるものではないが、菌の充分な増殖や菌数の安定等、発酵の安定化を意味し、発酵により得られる発酵飲食品の風味改良をも意味する。
本発明の発酵調整組成物の有効成分としてはジンゲロール、ショウガオール、ジンゲロン等が挙げられ、これらのうち1種以上が含まれるものであれば、特に限定するものではない。
【0007】
本発明における有効成分の由来としては特に限定されるものではないが、植物学的にはショウガ科の植物でショウガから抽出されたものが望ましい。またショウガ抽出物の形状としては特に限定するものではないが、食品や飲料に添加する時の利便性からエキスが望ましい。本発明におけるショウガのエキスの原料は、ショウガの根茎を用いるのが良い。
【0008】
エキスの調整方法については特に限定されるのもではないが、ショウガの根茎を水洗した後、細かく砕き、得られた細粒物に水もしくはエタノール、アセトンからなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1種あるいは2種以上を混合した溶液を該細粒物に対して等量以上加えて加温する。60℃以上に加温した後、品温を維持しながら攪拌を行う。1時間以上保持した後、ろ過して、抽出液を得る。該抽出物を濃縮して原料ショウガと同量のショウガエキスを得る。固形分は約4.8%程度となる。発酵調整組成物としては、ショウガエキスを単独で用いることはもちろん、必要に応じて種々の原料を加え製剤化したものを用いることができる。
【0009】
次に、発酵飲食品の製造工程において、たとえばヨーグルトの製造においては、原料乳の調整時に、該発酵調整組成物を1〜30000g/kg、好ましくは10〜1000g/kgを添加して、発酵を開始する。菌数が10の13乗個台になった時点で発酵を終了する。得られた発酵飲食品は安定した菌数の発酵飲食品であり、保存中も菌数が安定し、品質の良い発酵飲食品であった。
【0010】
本発明における発酵飲食品とは、漬物、キムチ、ヨーグルト、ヨーグルトドリンク、乳酸菌飲料その他で、乳酸菌類にて発酵された食品群であれば特に限定されないが、乳原料を乳酸菌類で発酵されるものが望ましい。
発酵調整の対象となる菌については特に限定されないが、ラクトバチルス属、ビフィドバクテリウム属に属する乳酸菌などが挙げられ、好ましくはプロバイオテックスとして有用なラクトバチルス ガッセリ、ラクトバチルス カゼイ、ラクトバチルス ブルガリクス、ラクトバチルス アシドフィルス、ビフィドバクテリウム ロンガムなどが挙げられる。
【0011】
本発明による発酵調整組成物を使用する時期については特に限定されないが、発酵飲食品の製造初期段階において使用することが好ましい。
【0012】
以下に実施例、比較例および試験例を挙げて本発明をさらに詳しく説明するが、本発明はこれらの実施例等に何ら限定されるものではない。
【0013】
【実施例】
実施例1
ショウガの根茎(1kg)を流水にて洗浄した後、ミートチョッパーにて、細粒化し、10Lのステンレス製ビーカーに入れた。抽出溶液として市水を5L加え、直火にて加温し、恒温漕にて品温を70℃に保持した。1時間攪拌しながら、エキスを抽出した。ろ紙(No.2)にてろ過後、減圧濃縮にて、1Lまで濃縮して、本発明の発酵調整組成物を得た。固形分は4.8%であった。また高速液体クロマトグラフィーにより成分を分析したところ、ジンゲロール、ショウガオール、ジンゲロンの存在が確認された。
【0014】
実施例2
ショウガの根茎(1kg)を流水にて洗浄した後、ミートチョッパーにて、細粒化し、10Lのステンレス製ビーカーに入れた。抽出溶液として市水を2.5Lとエタノール2.5Lを混合した溶液を加え、加温し、恒温漕にいれ品温を70℃に保持した。1時間攪拌しながら、エキスを抽出した。ろ紙(No.2)にてろ過後、減圧濃縮にて、濃縮して1Lの本発明の発酵調整組成物を得た。固形分は5.2%であった。また高速液体クロマトグラフィーにより成分を分析したところ、ジンゲロール、ショウガオール、ジンゲロンの存在が確認された。
【0015】
実施例3
表1のヨーグルトの原料を調整し、50Lの発酵釜(スチームジャケット付き)に投入し、加温して、90℃30分の殺菌処理を行い、38℃まで冷却した。ここに活性粉末乳酸菌62.5g(表2)を所定量摂取し、同時に実施例1で得た発酵調整組成物を50g添加した。その後は定法により10時間発酵を行いヨーグルト得た。
【0016】
実施例4
表1のヨーグルトの原料を調整し、50Lの発酵釜(スチームジャケット付き)に投入し、加温して、90℃30分の殺菌処理を行い、38℃まで冷却した。ここに活性粉末乳酸菌62.5g(表2)を所定量摂取し、同時に実施例2で得た発酵調整組成物を50g添加した。その後は定法により10時間発酵を行いヨーグルト得た。
【0017】
実施例5
表3のヨーグルトの原料を調整し、5000Lの発酵タンクに投入する。活性粉末乳酸菌6.25kg(表2)をスターターとし投入し、同時に実施例1で得た発酵調整組成物を5kg添加して、定法により発酵を行い、12時間後にヨーグルトを得た。
【0018】
実施例6
表3のヨーグルトの原料を調整し、5000Lの発酵タンクに投入する。活性粉末乳酸菌6.25kg(表2)をスターターとし投入し、同時に実施例2で得た発酵調整組成物を5kg添加して、定法により発酵を行い、12時間後にヨーグルトを得た。
【0019】
比較例1
表1のヨーグルトの原料を調整し、50Lの発酵釜(スチームジャケット付き)に投入し、加温して、90℃30分の殺菌処理を行い、38℃まで冷却する。ここに活性粉末乳酸菌62.5g(表2)を所定量摂取し、その後は定法により10時間発酵を行い何も添加していないヨーグルト得た。
【0020】
比較例2
表3のヨーグルトの原料を調整し、5000Lの発酵タンクに投入する。活性粉末乳酸菌6.25kg(表2)をスターターとし投入し、定法により発酵を行い、12時間後に何も添加していないヨーグルトを得た。
【0021】
【表1】

Figure 2005013180
【0022】
【表2】活性粉末乳酸菌 成分内訳
Figure 2005013180
【0023】
【表3】
Figure 2005013180
実施例3〜6、比較例1〜2の各配合は表4のとおりである。
【0024】
【表4】
Figure 2005013180
【0025】
試験例1
発酵したヨーグルトのpHを測定した。実施例3〜6と比較例1、2で製造したヨーグルト約20mlをpHメーターで測定した。結果を表5に示す。
【表5】pHの測定
Figure 2005013180
【0026】
試験例2
発酵したヨーグルトの菌数を測定した。実施例3〜6と比較例1、2で製造したヨーグルト各5回ずつ菌数の測定を行なった。菌数の結果を表6に示す。発酵調整組成物を添加した実施例3〜6では、5回全てにおいて、所定の菌数まで発酵が進み、その後保存中においても、菌数の衰退が無かった。従来方法の比較例1、2では4回、菌数が10の10乗以下になり、希望する製品にならなかった。実施例3〜6で得られた発酵調整組成物を添加したヨーグルトは、嗜好性も良く、菌数が10の13乗個台の結果であった。
ショウガエキスを添加していない比較例1、2で得られたヨーグルトは風味がやや悪く、菌数が10の10乗以下のものであった。
【0027】
【表6】菌数の測定
Figure 2005013180
【0028】
試験例3
ヨーグルトの味、におい、テクスチャを測定するため優秀なパネラー10人によって官能検査を行った。その結果を表4に示す。尚、総合的おいしさの評価点は次のように定めた。{1;おいしくない、2;あまりおいしくない、3;ふつう、4;少しおいしい、5;おいしい。}の5段階で評価を行い、10人の平均点で表した。
【0029】
【表7】
Figure 2005013180
【0030】
【発明の効果】
ショウガエキスを添加した方が、ヨーグルトの製造において、乳酸菌の生育が安定で、所定の菌数を確保でき、さらにおいしい製品ができる。よって本発明によって発酵飲食品中での乳酸菌類の菌数を安定させ、該発酵飲食品をおいしく食べることが可能となる。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention contains at least one selected from the group consisting of gingerol, gingerol and gingerone as an active ingredient in the initial stage of production, promotes fermentation by adjusting the function of lactic acid bacteria, and lactic acid bacteria in products The present invention relates to a fermented preparation composition that can be eaten deliciously by stabilizing the number of fungi and that can express useful physiological functions, and a fermented food or drink containing the same.
[0002]
[Prior art]
With the advent of the declining birthrate and aging population, the public's health consciousness has become higher, and prevention of lifestyle-related diseases has become a major social problem. Among lifestyle-related diseases, diseases due to dietary habits are increasing, and one of the methods for preventing diseases derived from dietary habits is to activate the intestinal microflora and maintain health.
[0003]
Probiotics product groups that actively utilize lactic acid bacteria for the purpose of preventing or curing the above-mentioned diseases have been developed in the United States and European countries for several years. In Japan, the development of products with probiotics in the forefront has become active, and many products using strains with various characteristics have been put on the market.
[0004]
In fermentation with these strains, there are many special growth conditions, and the growth is not necessarily good compared to the yogurt production method using strains that have been commercially available in the past. There was a problem that could not be done. As a method for controlling this production process, selection and improvement of strains, improvement of nutrient sources, and the like can be mentioned. However, these improvements have limitations and are difficult to control.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a result of intensive studies to achieve the above object, the present inventor obtained a fermentation preparation composition containing at least one component selected from the group consisting of gingerol, gingerol and gingerone in the production of fermented foods and beverages. By adding at the initial stage, it was found that fermented foods and beverages having a stable number of lactic acid bacteria can be obtained by promoting fermentation, and the present invention was completed.
[0006]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail.
Although the fermentation adjustment in the present invention is not particularly limited, it means stabilization of fermentation, such as sufficient growth of bacteria and stabilization of the number of bacteria, and also means improvement of flavor of fermented foods and drinks obtained by fermentation. .
Examples of the active ingredient of the fermentation adjustment composition of the present invention include gingerol, gingerol, gingerone, and the like, and any one of these may be used without particular limitation.
[0007]
The origin of the active ingredient in the present invention is not particularly limited, but botanically it is desirable to use a ginger family plant extracted from ginger. Moreover, although it does not specifically limit as a shape of a ginger extract, an extract is desirable from the convenience at the time of adding to a foodstuff and a drink. As the raw material of the ginger extract in the present invention, ginger rhizome is preferably used.
[0008]
The method for preparing the extract is not particularly limited, but the ginger rhizome is washed with water and then finely crushed. An equal amount or more of a solution in which seeds or more are mixed is added to the fine particles and heated. After heating to 60 ° C. or higher, stirring is performed while maintaining the product temperature. After holding for 1 hour or longer, it is filtered to obtain an extract. The extract is concentrated to obtain the same amount of ginger extract as the raw ginger. The solid content is about 4.8%. As a fermentation adjustment composition, a ginger extract can be used alone, or a preparation prepared by adding various raw materials as required.
[0009]
Next, in the production process of fermented foods and drinks, for example, in the production of yogurt, at the time of preparing raw milk, 1 to 30000 g / kg, preferably 10 to 1000 g / kg of the fermentation adjustment composition is added to perform fermentation. Start. Fermentation is terminated when the number of bacteria reaches 10 13. The obtained fermented food / beverage product was a fermented food / beverage product with a stable number of bacteria, and the number of bacteria was stable during storage and was a fermented food / beverage product with good quality.
[0010]
The fermented food or drink in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is a food group fermented with lactic acid bacteria, such as pickles, kimchi, yogurt, yogurt drink, lactic acid bacteria beverages, etc. Is desirable.
Bacteria to be adjusted for fermentation are not particularly limited, but include lactic acid bacteria belonging to the genus Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium, preferably Lactobacillus gasseri, Lactobacillus casei, Lactobacillus bulgari useful as probiotics. , Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bifidobacterium longum and the like.
[0011]
Although it does not specifically limit about the time which uses the fermentation adjustment composition by this invention, It is preferable to use in the manufacture initial stage of fermented food / beverage products.
[0012]
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to Examples, Comparative Examples, and Test Examples, but the present invention is not limited to these Examples.
[0013]
【Example】
Example 1
After washing the ginger rhizome (1 kg) with running water, it was finely granulated with a meat chopper and put into a 10 L stainless steel beaker. 5 L of city water was added as an extraction solution, heated with an open flame, and the product temperature was maintained at 70 ° C. with a thermostatic oven. The extract was extracted while stirring for 1 hour. After filtration with a filter paper (No. 2), the solution was concentrated to 1 L by vacuum concentration to obtain a fermentation control composition of the present invention. The solid content was 4.8%. In addition, when components were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography, the presence of gingerol, gingerol and gingerone was confirmed.
[0014]
Example 2
After washing the ginger rhizome (1 kg) with running water, it was finely granulated with a meat chopper and put into a 10 L stainless steel beaker. A solution prepared by mixing 2.5 L of city water and 2.5 L of ethanol was added as an extraction solution, and the mixture was heated and placed in a constant temperature bath to maintain the product temperature at 70 ° C. The extract was extracted while stirring for 1 hour. After filtering with a filter paper (No. 2), it was concentrated by vacuum concentration to obtain 1 L of the fermentation control composition of the present invention. The solid content was 5.2%. In addition, when components were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography, the presence of gingerol, gingerol and gingerone was confirmed.
[0015]
Example 3
The raw materials for yogurt shown in Table 1 were prepared, put into a 50 L fermenter (with a steam jacket), heated, sterilized at 90 ° C. for 30 minutes, and cooled to 38 ° C. A predetermined amount of 62.5 g of active powdered lactic acid bacteria (Table 2) was taken here, and 50 g of the fermentation preparation composition obtained in Example 1 was added at the same time. Thereafter, fermentation was performed for 10 hours by a conventional method to obtain yogurt.
[0016]
Example 4
The raw materials for yogurt shown in Table 1 were prepared, put into a 50 L fermenter (with a steam jacket), heated, sterilized at 90 ° C. for 30 minutes, and cooled to 38 ° C. A predetermined amount of 62.5 g of active powdered lactic acid bacteria (Table 2) was ingested here, and 50 g of the fermentation adjustment composition obtained in Example 2 was simultaneously added thereto. Thereafter, fermentation was performed for 10 hours by a conventional method to obtain yogurt.
[0017]
Example 5
The raw materials for yogurt in Table 3 are prepared and charged into a 5000 L fermentation tank. 6.25 kg of active powdered lactic acid bacteria (Table 2) was added as a starter, and at the same time, 5 kg of the fermentation preparation composition obtained in Example 1 was added, and fermentation was performed by a conventional method, and yogurt was obtained after 12 hours.
[0018]
Example 6
The raw materials for yogurt in Table 3 are prepared and charged into a 5000 L fermentation tank. 6.25 kg of active powdered lactic acid bacteria (Table 2) was added as a starter, and at the same time, 5 kg of the fermentation preparation composition obtained in Example 2 was added, and fermentation was performed by a conventional method, and yogurt was obtained after 12 hours.
[0019]
Comparative Example 1
The raw materials for yogurt shown in Table 1 are prepared, put into a 50 L fermenter (with a steam jacket), heated, sterilized at 90 ° C. for 30 minutes, and cooled to 38 ° C. A predetermined amount of 62.5 g of active powdered lactic acid bacteria (Table 2) was ingested here, followed by fermentation for 10 hours by a conventional method to obtain yogurt without any addition.
[0020]
Comparative Example 2
The raw materials for yogurt in Table 3 are prepared and charged into a 5000 L fermentation tank. 6.25 kg of active powdered lactic acid bacteria (Table 2) was added as a starter and fermented by a conventional method to obtain yogurt without any addition after 12 hours.
[0021]
[Table 1]
Figure 2005013180
[0022]
[Table 2] Breakdown of active powdered lactic acid bacteria
Figure 2005013180
[0023]
[Table 3]
Figure 2005013180
Each formulation of Examples 3-6 and Comparative Examples 1-2 is as shown in Table 4.
[0024]
[Table 4]
Figure 2005013180
[0025]
Test example 1
The pH of the fermented yogurt was measured. About 20 ml of yogurt produced in Examples 3 to 6 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 was measured with a pH meter. The results are shown in Table 5.
[Table 5] Measurement of pH
Figure 2005013180
[0026]
Test example 2
The number of bacteria in the fermented yogurt was measured. The number of bacteria was measured 5 times for each yogurt produced in Examples 3 to 6 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2. The results of the number of bacteria are shown in Table 6. In Examples 3 to 6 to which the fermentation adjustment composition was added, fermentation progressed to a predetermined number of bacteria in all five times, and there was no decline in the number of bacteria even during storage thereafter. In Comparative Examples 1 and 2 of the conventional method, the number of bacteria was 10 10 or less, and the desired product was not obtained. The yogurt to which the fermentation preparation composition obtained in Examples 3 to 6 was added had good palatability and was the result of the number of bacteria in the 13th power range.
The yogurts obtained in Comparative Examples 1 and 2 to which no ginger extract was added had a slightly bad flavor, and the number of bacteria was 10 10 or less.
[0027]
[Table 6] Measurement of bacterial count
Figure 2005013180
[0028]
Test example 3
Sensory tests were conducted by 10 excellent panelists to measure the taste, smell and texture of yogurt. The results are shown in Table 4. In addition, the evaluation score of the overall deliciousness was determined as follows. {1; not tasty 2; not very tasty 3; normal 4; slightly tasty 5; tasty } Was evaluated in five stages, and expressed as the average score of 10 people.
[0029]
[Table 7]
Figure 2005013180
[0030]
【The invention's effect】
When ginger extract is added, the growth of lactic acid bacteria is stable in the production of yogurt, a predetermined number of bacteria can be secured, and a more delicious product can be obtained. Therefore, according to the present invention, the number of lactic acid bacteria in the fermented food or drink can be stabilized, and the fermented food or drink can be eaten deliciously.

Claims (4)

ジンゲロール、ショウガオール、ジンゲロンからなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1種以上の成分を含有することを特徴とする発酵調整組成物。A fermentation control composition comprising at least one component selected from the group consisting of gingerol, gingerol, and gingerone. 請求項1記載の成分がショウガから抽出したものであることを特徴とする発酵調整組成物。A fermentation control composition, wherein the component according to claim 1 is extracted from ginger. 請求項1または2記載の成分の抽出方法が、水、エタノール、アセトンからなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1種または2種以上の混合物にて抽出することを特徴とする発酵調整組成物。A method for extracting a component according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the extraction method comprises extracting at least one or a mixture of two or more selected from the group consisting of water, ethanol, and acetone. 請求項1〜3いずれか記載の発酵調整組成物を含有する発酵飲食品。Fermented food / beverage products containing the fermentation adjustment composition in any one of Claims 1-3.
JP2003186408A 2003-06-30 2003-06-30 Fermentation controlling agent Pending JP2005013180A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2011032248A (en) * 2009-08-05 2011-02-17 Nla:Kk Method for enriching shogaols
JP2014509631A (en) * 2011-04-01 2014-04-21 ロレアル Use of zingerone or its derivatives to reduce or delay the signs of skin aging

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2011032248A (en) * 2009-08-05 2011-02-17 Nla:Kk Method for enriching shogaols
JP2014509631A (en) * 2011-04-01 2014-04-21 ロレアル Use of zingerone or its derivatives to reduce or delay the signs of skin aging

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