JP2005009296A - Constituent member for construction or architecture, and its manufacturing method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide constituent members for construction or architecture for drying a wet surface by natural drying in a short time, to provide a waterproof pan easy to fall by hardly storing stain and to provide a method for manufacturing the constituent members for construction or architecture using a metal mold substantially faithfully reproducing minute unevenness. <P>SOLUTION: The constituent member for construction or architecture continuously prevents a water aggregation phenomenon on a floor surface, and performs minute unevenness displaying hydrophile property for forming a water film. In the minute unevenness, for instance, a laser microscope sets resolution of longitudinal and traverse directions (X-Y) at 0.0364 μm, sets resolution of a height direction (Z) at 0.05 μm, and when measuring five or more arbitrarily selected parts in a measuring length of 5 μm, an average value of arithmetic mean roughness Ra is 0.7 μm or larger. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a structural member that is easy to dry even when the surface is wet and is suitable for construction or construction, and a manufacturing method thereof.

  Conventionally, waterproofing pans for bathrooms have been designed with emphasis on design, and the surface has been given a rice field or lattice pattern with a joint division of about 300 mm square, and the grooves forming the pattern are joints. In general, the width is about 3 to 10 mm and the depth is about 0.3 to 1.0 mm. In addition, the surface of the smallest section (corresponding to one tile) surrounded by the above groove is processed to a natural tone to simulate natural stone, or the surface of a sample board of a grain processing manufacturer. Often has a rocky surface or texture. In addition, such a rock surface tone and a graining process are given comparatively large unevenness.

  However, although such a waterproof pan places importance on the design of the surface, drainage (quick drying) is insufficient, and the material of the waterproof pan is relatively high water repellency, such as FRP. Since many plastics are used, the hot water on the waterproof pan after bathing forms a polka dot with a large contact angle on the waterproof pan, and this polka-dot residual water is difficult to dry even the next day, It remains without being naturally dried. Therefore, when the user cleans the bathtub the next day, the user will be bothered if the waterproof peep or the like is not applied. Especially in winter, the remaining water is cold, which helps the cold.

In order to solve such a problem, the surface of the waterproof pan has a convex portion, and a groove having a V-shaped cross section is provided around the convex portion, and the groove has a surface that reaches the drain. A waterproof pan is proposed as a product (see Patent Document 1). In this waterproof pan, the surface of the waterproof pan is made to flow by flowing the water of polka dots remaining through the interaction between the convex portion of about 5 mm × 10 mm and the groove of about 2 mm wide × about 0.7 mm deep through the groove to the drain outlet. It can be dried quickly.
However, this waterproof pan also has dirt (soap residue, dirt, dust, etc.) flowing into the groove along with water, and the groove is thin and relatively deep, so that the dirt can easily accumulate in the groove and also during cleaning. There was a problem that it was difficult to remove dirt.

  The above-mentioned problems related to waterproofing pans in bathrooms are not limited to this, but bathroom tiles such as bathroom tile flooring, other wall materials, ceiling materials, counters and other non-slip floors used indoors other than bathrooms The same applies to floor materials such as wood, wall materials, and ceiling materials.

JP 2002-242410 A (4th and 6th pages, FIGS. 9 to 12)

The present invention firstly provides a construction or building component capable of bringing a wet surface into a dry state in a short time by natural drying based on a principle different from the above principle. . Secondly, the present invention provides a construction or building component that is less likely to accumulate dirt and is easy to remove.
Moreover, in order to provide such a structural member for construction or construction, the manufacturing method of the structural member for construction or construction using the metal mold | die which can reproduce fine unevenness | corrugation almost faithfully is provided.

The present invention relates to the following.
1. A construction or building component having a surface provided with fine irregularities that show hydrophilicity to prevent a water agglomeration phenomenon and to form a water film.
2. Item 2. The building component according to Item 1, comprising a plastic piece, a ceramic piece, a metal piece, or a rubber piece.
3. 3. The construction or building component according to item 1 or 2 which is a flooring material, a wall material or a ceiling material. Item 2. A construction or building component according to Item 1, which is a bathroom component.
5. Item 2. A construction or building component according to Item 1, which is a prevention pan.
6). Item 2. A construction or building component according to Item 1, which is a non-slip flooring material.
7. With a laser microscope, the resolution in the horizontal and vertical (XY) direction was set to 0.0364 μm, the resolution in the height (Z) direction was set to 0.05 μm, the measurement length was 5 μm, and five or more arbitrarily selected points were measured. 7. The construction or building component according to any one of Items 1 to 6, wherein the surface has fine irregularities having an average arithmetic average roughness Ra of 0.7 μm or more.
8). Fine irregularities were selected arbitrarily with a laser microscope, with the horizontal and vertical (XY) direction resolution set to 0.0364 μm, the height (Z) direction resolution set to 0.05 μm, and the measurement length of 5 μm. Item 8. The construction or building component according to Item 7, wherein the average value of the maximum height Ry is 5 μm or more when measured at five or more locations.
9. Fine irregularities were selected arbitrarily with a laser microscope, with the horizontal and vertical (XY) direction resolution set to 0.0364 μm, the height (Z) direction resolution set to 0.05 μm, and the measurement length of 5 μm. The construction according to item 7 or 8, wherein the average value of the ratio Sm / Ry between the average interval Sm of unevenness and the maximum height Ry is 0.2 or less when measured at five or more locations, or Building component.
10. Fine irregularities were selected arbitrarily with a laser microscope, with the horizontal and vertical (XY) direction resolution set to 0.0364 μm, the height (Z) direction resolution set to 0.05 μm, and the measurement length of 5 μm. When five or more locations are measured, the average value of the arithmetic average roughness Ra is 0.8 μm or more, and the average value of the ratio Sm / Ry between the average interval Sm of the unevenness and the maximum height Ry is 0.2 or less. The construction or building component according to any one of Items 7 to 9, which is applied as described above.
11. Fine irregularities can be selected with a laser microscope by setting the horizontal and vertical (XY) direction resolution to 0.0364 μm, the height (Z) direction resolution to 0.05 μm, and the measurement range to 5 μm square. The construction or building component according to any one of Items 7 to 10, wherein the average surface area of the irregularities is 400 μm ² or more when measured at 5 or more locations.
12 Fine irregularities were selected arbitrarily with a laser microscope, with the horizontal and vertical (XY) direction resolution set to 0.0364 μm, the height (Z) direction resolution set to 0.05 μm, and the measurement length of 5 μm. When measuring five or more locations, find the average value of the cross-sectional curve in the Z direction for each location, find the deviation rate curve from the average value, Fourier transform the deviation rate curve, and power for each reciprocal of the wavelength. A spectrum was obtained, and an approximate curve obtained by logarithmic approximation was measured at a location where the entire range of the reciprocal of the wavelength was 2.5 to 14 / μm (wavelength conversion 0.4 to 0.071 μm) was −30 μm ² or more. The construction or building component according to any one of Items 7 to 11, which is applied so as to exceed 50% of the portion.
13. FRP using a mold having a surface corresponding to the formation of fine irregularities showing hydrophilicity to prevent water agglomeration phenomenon continuously on the surface of construction or building components A method for producing a structural member for construction or construction having fine irregularities on a surface, characterized by molding.
14 Item 14. The method for producing a structural member for construction or construction according to Item 13, wherein the mold is a mold, fine irregularities are formed on the surface, and a film is formed by a PVD method using an inorganic substance.

According to the construction or building component according to the present invention, even when wet, the water spreads in the form of a film, so that it dries quickly. Further, since it is not necessary to form a narrow and deep groove, there is little accumulation of dirt, and cleaning can be facilitated.
Moreover, since the combination with a comparatively large uneven | corrugated pattern can be performed, the freedom degree of a design increases.

First, the present invention will be described by taking a waterproof pan as an example.
FIG. 1 is a plan view of a waterproof pan according to an embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in FIG. 1, the waterproof pan 1 is a portion corresponding to the washing section adjacent to the bathtub installation section 2, and the bathtub installation section 2 is formed separately from the washing floor waterproof pan. The waterproof pan 1 may be formed integrally with the bathtub installation part 2. Moreover, the waterproof pan 1 may be integrally formed with the adjacent bathtub.
The surface of the waterproof pan 1 is provided with appropriate textures, textures, irregularities, and the like, and joints 6 having an interval of about 300 to 400 mm may be provided in the middle.

In the waterproof pan 1, a drain outlet recess 3 for draining is formed, and a drain outlet 4 is disposed in the drain outlet recess 3.
The waterproof pan 1 has a drainage gradient such that the drain outlet recess 3 is the lowest. When the bathroom is used, hot water flows along the drain gradient and collects in the drain recess 3 when the bathroom is used. It is supposed to be watered. Moreover, the drainage ditch | groove 5 for assisting drainage is provided along the bathtub. The drainage that has fallen into the drainage channel 5 is collected in the drainage recess 3.

  The drainage gradient in the waterproof pan is an inclination for allowing hot water to flow toward the drain outlet or drain groove when in use, and is within a range of 1/20 to 1/100 toward the drain outlet or drain groove. With a downward slope of In general, a downward slope toward the drain outlet is provided, but in a bathroom in which a drainage groove with a grating is placed around the washing area, a downward slope toward the drainage groove may be used. In general, the waterproof pan is preferably provided with a drainage gradient.

  The material of the waterproof pan in the present invention is preferably made of glass fiber reinforced plastic because it is easy to mold and has high mass productivity, and an unsaturated polyester resin is generally used as the resin material. The material of the waterproof pan may be an inorganic material such as ceramic. In the case of ceramics, it is made into pieces (tiles) of an appropriate size rather than having a single whole, and these are arranged and arranged and connected by joints. The size is preferably the size defined by the joint. These prevention pans can be used not only for unit baths but also in general bathrooms. As the material, metal, rubber and the like can be further used.

  The structure of the surface shown by the above-mentioned waterproof pan can be applied to indoor structural members such as wall materials and ceiling materials, and outdoor structural members such as outer walls, whereby a structural member whose surface is easy to dry is obtained. The shape is arbitrary such as large and small panels, pieces (tiles), and the material includes resin (including FRP), rubber, ceramic, metal, etc. as described above. Further, the construction or building component in the present invention may be a non-slip flooring material having the above surface structure.

The surface of a construction or building component (hereinafter simply referred to as “component”) in the present invention is continuously provided with fine irregularities showing hydrophilicity.
This fine unevenness is performed to such an extent that the water contact angle exhibits hydrophilicity of less than 60 degrees. As a measure of hydrophilicity, when measuring the contact angle of water, (1) a method in which a water droplet is gently placed on the surface, (2) a method in which the water droplet is naturally dropped from a height of about 300 mm onto the surface, and measured. (3) There is a method of dropping water droplets on the surface and then rinsing water to see the state of reaggregation. In both cases (1) and (2), if the contact angle of water on the surface is less than 60 degrees, it can be said to be hydrophilic in the present invention. In the case of (3), if the contact angle of recondensed water is less than 60 degrees, it is hydrophilic in the present invention. A preferable contact angle in the present invention as the degree of hydrophilicity is 10 degrees or more and 40 degrees or less.
In the present invention, when measuring the contact angle of water, place the measurement object on the horizontal base of the contact angle measuring device, illuminate the light from the lateral direction, expand the projection, and use the boundary between the measurement object and the droplet as a reference. Then, the tangent to the droplet passing through the droplet edge and the angle formed by the reference are read. In particular, a large measurement object may be measured by cutting into small pieces.

  In order to make the surface hydrophilic, in many cases, hydrophilic treatment is required. There are a method of forming a hydrophilic film, a method of adjusting the surface shape, etc. Among them, the method of adjusting the surface shape and making it pseudo hydrophilic by the uneven shape is the simplest and inexpensive. It is.

One of the methods for artificially hydrophilizing depending on the uneven shape of the surface is that the fine unevenness is horizontally and vertically when viewed from above using a laser microscope (for example, VK-8500 series manufactured by Keyence Corporation). When the resolution in the (XY) direction is set to 0.0364 μm, the resolution in the height (Z) direction is 0.05 μm, and the measurement length is 5 μm, and five or more arbitrarily selected points are measured (hereinafter referred to as measurement condition A) ), The average value of arithmetic average roughness Ra is 0.7 μm or more. A large Ra indicates that the width of the unevenness is large in the measurement length. The average value of the arithmetic average roughness Ra is preferably 3.2 μm or less.
For example, in the case of a mirror surface with FRP, when measured under measurement condition A, Ra = 0.164 μm, and when water is passed over the surface, a phenomenon of condensation is observed. Moreover, what is said to be a rock surface tone made of conventional FRP is Ra = 0.117 μm, and when water is flowed on the surface, a phenomenon of condensation is observed.
On the other hand, Ra = 1.436 μm on the surface of the component member obtained by performing predetermined etching on the mold and FRP molding, and when water is flowed on the surface, the water is kept thin and is condensed. Not observed. In addition, Ra = 1.334 μm on the surface of the component member obtained by subjecting the die to predetermined sandblasting and FRP molding, and when water is flowed on the surface, the water is kept thinly spread and condensed. Not observed.

One method of artificially hydrophilizing depending on the uneven shape of the surface is to apply fine unevenness under the measurement condition A so that the average value of the maximum height Ry is 5 μm or more. That Ry is large indicates that the uneven width is large in the measurement length. The average value of the maximum height Ry is preferably 36 μm or less.
For example, in the case of a mirror surface with FRP, when measured under measurement condition A, Ry = 0.999 μm, and when water is passed over the surface, a phenomenon of condensation is observed. Moreover, what is said to be a conventional rock surface tone is Ry = 0.73 μm, and when water is flowed on the surface, a phenomenon of condensation is observed.
On the other hand, on the surface of the waterproof pan obtained by subjecting the mold to predetermined etching and FRP molding, Ry = 10.372 μm, and when water is flowed on the surface, the water is kept thinly spread and condensed. Not observed. Moreover, the surface of the waterproof pan obtained by subjecting the die to predetermined sandblasting and FRP molding is Ry = 17.793 μm. When water is flowed over the surface, the water is kept thinly spread and condensed. Not observed.

One of the methods for artificially hydrophilizing the surface according to the uneven shape of the surface is that the fine unevenness is measured under measurement condition A and the average value of the ratio Sm / Ry between the average interval Sm of the unevenness and the maximum height Ry is 0. 2 or less. The fact that Sm / Ry is small indicates that the uneven width is sufficiently larger than the uneven pitch in the measurement length. Sm / Ry is preferably 0.0025 or more and 0.2 or less.
For example, in the case of a mirror surface with FRP, when measured under measurement condition A, Sm = 0.363 μm, Ry = 0.999 μm, and Sm / Ry = 0.533. Observed. Moreover, what is said to be a conventional rock surface tone is Sm = 0.26 μm, Ry = 0.73 μm, and Sm / Ry = 0.366, and a phenomenon of condensation is observed when water is passed over the surface.
On the other hand, on the surface of the waterproof pan obtained by performing predetermined etching on the mold and FRP molding, Sm = 0.9 μm, Ry = 10.372 μm, Sm / Ry = 0.112, and water is applied to the surface. When flowing, it is observed that the water remains thin and does not condense. In addition, on the surface of the waterproof pan obtained by applying a predetermined sandblast to the mold, Sm = 0.493 μm, Ry = 17.793 μm, Sm / Ry = 0.52, and water flows on the surface. It is observed that the water remains thin and does not condense.

One of the methods for artificially hydrophilizing depending on the uneven shape of the surface is that the fine unevenness is horizontally and vertically when viewed from above using a laser microscope (for example, VK-8500 series manufactured by Keyence Corporation). When the resolution in the (XY) direction is set to 0.0364 μm and the resolution in the height (Z) direction is set to 0.05 μm, and a typical surface state is measured at five or more points in a measuring range of 5 μm square (hereinafter, Measurement condition B), the average surface area of the irregularities is 400 μm ² or more. The large surface area of the unevenness indicates that the unevenness is gathered finely in the measurement range. The average surface area of the irregularities is preferably 2000 μm ² or less.
For example, in the case of a mirror surface with FRP, when measured under measurement condition B, the surface area is 160.32 μm ^2, and a phenomenon of condensation is observed when water is passed over the surface. Moreover, what is said to be a conventional rock surface tone is 169.599 μm ² , and when water is passed over the surface, a phenomenon of condensation is observed.
On the other hand, the surface of the waterproof pan obtained by performing predetermined etching on the mold and FRP molding is 528.586 μm ² , and when water is flowed on the surface, the water is kept thin and does not condense. It is observed. In addition, the surface of the waterproof pan obtained by subjecting the die to predetermined sandblasting and FRP molding is 934.231 μm ² , and when water is flowed to the surface, the water is spread thinly and does not condense It is observed.

One of the methods for artificially hydrophilizing the surface with the uneven shape of the surface is to obtain the average value of the values in the Z direction of the cross-sectional curve for each part under the measurement condition A, and to deviate from the average value. A ratio curve is obtained, the deviation ratio curve is Fourier-transformed, a power spectrum for each reciprocal of wavelength is obtained, and an approximate curve obtained by logarithmic approximation is a reciprocal of wavelength of 2.5 to 14 / μm (wavelength conversion 0.4 to 0). .071 μm) is applied so that the portion where the total area is −30 μm ² or more exceeds 50% of the measured portion and is 100% or less. The fact that the entire region in the wavelength range of 0.388 to 0.071 μm is −30 μm ² or more indicates that many irregularities of such wavelengths are gathered in the measurement length.
For example, in the case of specular in FRP, measurement conditions when measured eight at A, the value in the Z direction of the profile curve is Z, the mean value deviation ratio ΔH for _{Z AV = (Z-Z AV} ) / Z AV is , -0.064 to 0.023, and the deviation ratio curve is Fourier-transformed, and the power spectrum PS = 10 × log ₁₀ [{(real part of spectrum) ² + (spectrum of spectrum) for each reciprocal of each wavelength. The imaginary part) ² } / 2] is obtained, and the logarithmically approximated curve is such that all eight points are in the range where the reciprocal of the wavelength is 2.5 to 14 / μm (wavelength conversion 0.4 to 0.071 μm). PS is less than −30 μm ² , and when water is allowed to flow on the surface, a phenomenon of condensation is observed. Moreover, what is said to be a conventional rock surface tone is ΔH = −0.1 to 0.105, 7 out of 8 points, that is, 87.5% is less than PS = −30 μm ² , and the surface is water. The phenomenon of condensation is observed when flowing.
On the other hand, on the surface of the waterproof pan obtained by subjecting the mold to predetermined etching and FRP molding, ΔH = −0.292 to 0.315, and all of the eight locations are PS = −30 μm ² or more. Yes, it is observed that when water is flowed over the surface, the water remains thin and does not condense. Further, on the surface of the waterproof pan obtained by subjecting the die to predetermined sandblasting and FRP molding, ΔH = −0.961 to 0.695, and all of the eight locations are PS = −30 μm ² or more. Yes, it is observed that when water is flowed over the surface, the water remains thin and does not condense.

As described above, when water falls on the fine irregularities described above, the water enters into the recesses due to the aggregation action, and then the re-aggregation is prevented by the convex weir and the true contact angle of the material is increased. However, since the surface already has a large angle with respect to the horizontal plane, the apparent contact angle with respect to the horizontal plane becomes small, and as a whole, the pseudo contact angle becomes small, and the surface shows hydrophilicity as a result.
Moreover, such fine irregularities are not only relatively flat surfaces, but also surfaces that are said to be conventional rock texture, anti-slip convex surfaces, channels between convex surfaces, etc., and have a large wavelength. It can also be provided on the surface.

The constituent member in the present invention can be manufactured by molding a resin (including FRP) using a mold having a surface corresponding to the formation of the fine irregularities described above.
The structural member is generally made of glass fiber reinforced plastic (FRP) in consideration of its strength, durability, mass productivity, and lightness during construction and loading. At the time of molding, a predetermined shape is dug into the mold and molded by casting, injection molding, press molding, etc. In FRP molding, the press molding method in which the mold shape is transferred is mass-produced. Yes, it is preferable.
The mold is preferably a mold. In order to form fine irregularities on the surface, the sand blasting method, the etching method or the like is used as described above. Moreover, in order to protect this fine uneven | corrugated shape and to improve mold release property and abrasion resistance, it is preferable to form a film by the PVD method using an inorganic substance on the surface. Although a film can be formed by a plating method, the PVD method is more preferable because it reflects the fine irregularities formed earlier than the plating method.

The PVD method is called a physical vapor deposition method, and is a method in which a raw material to be a thin film is vaporized by evaporation and then deposited on a substrate. In the present invention, a steel material such as S50C or S55C is preferably used as the mold, and therefore, it is preferable to coat CrN on the surface of the mold by an ion plating method.
In order to coat CrN by the ion plating method, arc discharge is generated on the surface of the target while blowing nitrogen in a vacuum vessel having an atmospheric temperature of 450 to 550 ° C., using chromium to be evaporated as a target. Arc discharge melts a small area of the target surface and the metal evaporates. At this time, the evaporated metal collides with ions and electrons in the nitrogen atmosphere, and is ionized to have a large energy and collide with and cover the substrate.
With the CrN coating, the substrate having a hardness of about Hv = 200 becomes Hv = 1800-2200, and wear resistance is improved by increasing the hardness. Further, when the load is 98 N, the dynamic friction coefficient is reduced to 0.25 to 0.3 with respect to 0.5 for the base material, and the releasability is improved. On the other hand, a film having a thin film thickness of 2.5 μm is formed. A waterproof pan formed by using a mold that is subjected to predetermined etching or blasting to form fine irregularities and is coated with CrN by an ion plating method will be described later.

In the present invention, a constituent member can be manufactured through surface treatment such as etching on a mold and resin molding using such a mold. When the surface treatment of the mold and the resin molding are performed uniformly, uniformly or smoothly, the surface state of the obtained molded product is the same everywhere. When measuring Ra, Ry, and Sm under measurement condition A or measurement condition B, they are measured at at least five locations of the constituent members, but in the same state (uniform or uniform state) as described above. If so, the surface can be selected from a narrow area, for example, an area of 37 × 27 μm.
In addition, the number of measurement points can be appropriately measured in more than five places.
The same applies to the measurement of the power spectrum. However, in this case, the measurement conditions A are at least 8 measurement points.

  As a method of manufacturing the constituent member having such an uneven shape, when the material is rubber, there is a method of molding in the same manner as the above resin. In addition, when the material is ceramic, there is a method of transferring the surface shape with a surface-treated mold in the same manner as described above and then baking it when making the shape with clay, which is the raw material. When the material is a metal, there are an etching method, a sandblasting method, and the like, similar to the method of imparting an uneven shape to the mold.

When a drainage gradient is applied to a floor such as a waterproof pan, most of the hot and cold water in use flows down toward the drainage port or the drainage groove by this, that is, by the action of gravity. The hot water remaining at this time is condensed by the surface tension of the water so that a large number of polka dots with a contact angle of 70 to 80 degrees remain on a conventional smooth surface or rocky surface, for example. For example, in the case of a waterproof pan, the area occupied by the polka dots is about 10% or more of the area. Since this polka dot has a small surface area relative to the amount of water, it does not dry naturally for about 8 hours and remains even the next morning.
On the other hand, when having a surface that is hydrophilic, most of the hot and cold water in use, such as in the bathroom, flows away, and the remaining hot water is well wetted with water because the waterproof pan is hydrophilic. Since it spreads thinly over a wide area, the surface area of water increases and it becomes easy to dry by evaporation.
In the present invention, hydrophilicity can be said to be a means for preventing, for example, a phenomenon in which water is caused to condense again by surface tension after flowing water over the surface.

Although the waterproof pan has been described above, the component member having a specific surface structure of the present invention has a hydrophilic surface, so that the hot water is well wetted and spreads thinly over a wide range, so that the surface area of water is large. It increases and becomes easy to dry by evaporation.
The surface state described above can be embodied on the floor surface, floor board material, wall board material, ceiling board or other panel or building material surface of the inner surface of the bathtub, and a mold for that purpose, particularly resin (FRP). It is clear that the preparation of the mold for the molding can also be performed as described above. In the case of ordinary panels or building materials, drainage gradients, drains and drains are not required. Since the surface of the panel or building material is in the state as described above, the surface is hydrophilized, and it is easy to dry even with water, and also has good dirt resistance. Cheap.
Moreover, the structural member which has the specific surface structure of this invention has a slip prevention property because of the surface structure.

  FIG. 30 is a partial plan view showing a state in which tiles are divided and spread on a floor as a constituent member in the present invention. The tiles 9 are laid out neatly with a joint layout 6. The tile 9 is made of ceramic, for example, and is bonded to the floor with an appropriate material such as plaster. The joints are also applied with a suitable joint material such as plaster. As an example of the surface structure of the tile 9, those shown in FIGS. This tile can be laid on a bathroom floor, a bath bottom (floor), inner and outer walls, a veranda floor, a front entrance ground, a pool side ground, and the like.

In the following examples, a laser microscope (VK-8500 series, manufactured by Keyence Corporation) was used.
The waterproof pan shown in FIG. 1 was produced. FIG. 2 is an enlarged photograph taken with a laser microscope of 8000 times showing fine irregularities on the surface. Further, FIG. 3 shows a cross-sectional curve, FIG. 4 shows a deviation ratio curve, and FIG. 5 shows a power spectrum and an approximate curve thereof at one of eight places when fine irregularities are measured under measurement condition A.
The waterproof pan in this example is subjected to a predetermined etching (TH-114 matte satin made by Tanazawa Yako Co., Ltd.) on the front surface of the mold, and further, an ion plating method is applied to CrN having a film thickness of 2.5 μm. It was prepared by molding a sheet molding compound (SMC) using a mold coated with the mold.
In the waterproof pan in this example, when the fine irregularities were measured under measurement conditions A and B, Ra = 1.212 μm, Ry = 9.984 μm, Sm = 0.667 μm, Sm / Ry = 0.088. And the surface area was 520.288 μm ² . Moreover, the power spectrum was -30 μm ² or more at all eight locations. Note that Ra, Ry, Sm, and the power spectrum are 4 in the range shown in the photograph of FIG. 4 (37 μm × 27 μm) and 4 in another range (37 μm × 27 μm) that is similarly visible in the laser microscope. Measurements were made at a total of 8 locations. The same applies to the following examples.
The drainage gradient is 1/50, but the flow path has the same gradient in the maximum gradient direction of the drainage gradient. A steep slope of 1/10 is applied in the vicinity of the flow groove 5. The above drainage gradient is the same in the following examples and comparative examples.
Such a waterproof pan is manufactured, the waterproof pan is fixed in a predetermined arrangement, and the entire waterproof pan is discharged using a shower. After flowing water, it is left in an atmosphere of room temperature 15 ° C. and humidity 66%. The time until the waterproof pan surface was completely dried was measured. In addition, the ventilation fan installed in the bathroom ceiling is operated, and the bathroom door is in a closed state.
As a result, immediately after water discharge, the flow of water to the sink groove was interrupted, and the water spread thinly in the form of a water film over the entire floor. After about 4 hours, all of the water in the hydrophilic treatment portion of the table was dried.

A waterproof pan similar to that in Example 1 was prepared. FIG. 6 is an enlarged photograph taken with a 8000 × laser microscope showing fine irregularities on the surface. Further, FIG. 7 shows a cross-sectional curve, FIG. 8 shows a deviation ratio curve, and FIG. 9 shows a power spectrum and its approximate curve at one of eight places when fine irregularities are measured under measurement condition A.
The waterproof pan in this example is a mold in which a predetermined sand blast (Sagorban Ceramic Materials ABRAX 150) is applied to the front surface of the mold, and CrN having a film thickness of 2.5 μm is coated using an ion plating method. It is produced by using sheet molding compound (SMC) molding.
In the waterproof pan in this example, when the fine unevenness was measured under measurement conditions A and B, Ra = 1.283 μm, Ry = 18.322 μm, Sm = 0.338 μm, Sm / Ry = 0.116. And the surface area was 652.514 μm ² . Further, the power spectrum was 7 sites out of 8 sites, that is, 87.5% was −30 μm ² or more.
Such a waterproof pan is manufactured, the waterproof pan is fixed in a predetermined arrangement, and the entire waterproof pan is discharged using a shower. After flowing water, it is left in an atmosphere of room temperature 15 ° C. and humidity 66%. The time until the waterproof pan surface was completely dried was measured. In addition, the ventilation fan installed in the bathroom ceiling is operated, and the bathroom door is in a closed state.
As a result, immediately after water discharge, the flow of water to the sink groove was interrupted, and the water spread thinly in the form of a water film over the entire floor. After about 4 hours, all of the water in the hydrophilic treatment portion of the table was dried.

A waterproof pan similar to that in Example 1 was prepared. FIG. 10 is an enlarged photograph taken with a 8000 × laser microscope showing fine irregularities on the surface. Further, FIG. 11 shows a cross-sectional curve, FIG. 12 shows a deviation ratio curve, and FIG. 13 shows a power spectrum and an approximate curve thereof at one of eight places when fine irregularities are measured under measurement condition A.
In the waterproof pan in this example, the front surface of the mold is first etched so as to have a rocky surface pattern of about Ry = 500 μm, and further subjected to a predetermined etching (TH-114 gloss made by Tanazawa Yako Co., Ltd.). The sheet molding compound (SMC) molding was performed using a die coated with 2.5 μm thick CrN using an ion plating method.
In the waterproof pan in this example, when the fine unevenness was measured under measurement conditions A and B, Ra = 1.138 μm, Ry = 9.938 μm, Sm = 0.670 μm, Sm / Ry = 0.084. And the surface area was 641.228 μm ² . Further, the power spectrum was 7 in 8 sites, that is, 87.5%, and was -30 μm ² or more.
Such a waterproof pan is manufactured, the waterproof pan is fixed in a predetermined arrangement, and the entire waterproof pan is discharged using a shower. After flowing water, it is left in an atmosphere of room temperature 15 ° C. and humidity 66%. The time until the waterproof pan surface was completely dried was measured. In addition, the ventilation fan installed in the bathroom ceiling is operated, and the bathroom door is in a closed state.
As a result, immediately after water discharge, the flow of water to the sink groove was interrupted, and the water spread thinly in the form of a water film over the entire floor. After about 4 hours, all of the water in the hydrophilic treatment portion of the table was dried.

Comparative Example 1
A waterproof pan similar to that in Example 1 was prepared. FIG. 14 is an enlarged photograph taken with a 8000 × laser microscope showing fine irregularities on the surface. Further, FIG. 15 shows a cross-sectional curve, FIG. 16 shows a deviation ratio curve, and FIG. 17 shows a power spectrum and an approximate curve thereof at one of eight places when fine irregularities are measured under measurement condition A.
The waterproof pan in this example is obtained by applying a predetermined etching (TH-114 matte satin made by Tanazawa Yako Co., Ltd.) to the front surface of the mold, and further coating with a hard chromium plating with a film thickness of 15 μm. It is produced by using sheet molding compound (SMC) molding.
In the waterproof pan in this example, when the fine irregularities were measured under measurement condition A and measurement condition B, Ra = 0.269 μm, Ry = 1.796 μm, Sm = 0.54 μm, Sm / Ry = 0.337. And the surface area was 188.692 μm ² . Further, the power spectrum was 1 in 8 places, that is, 12.5% was −30 μm ² or more.
Such a waterproof pan is manufactured, the waterproof pan is fixed in a predetermined arrangement, and the entire waterproof pan is discharged using a shower. After flowing water, it is left in an atmosphere of room temperature 15 ° C. and humidity 66%. The time until the waterproof pan surface was completely dried was measured. In addition, the ventilation fan installed in the bathroom ceiling is operated, and the bathroom door is in a closed state.
As a result, water began to aggregate immediately after the water discharge, and did not dry even after about 8 hours.

Comparative Example 2
A waterproof pan similar to that in Example 1 was prepared. FIG. 18 is an enlarged photograph taken with a laser microscope of 8000 times showing fine irregularities on the surface. Further, FIG. 19 shows a cross-sectional curve, FIG. 20 shows a deviation ratio curve, and FIG. 21 shows a power spectrum and an approximate curve thereof at one of eight places when fine irregularities are measured under measurement condition A.
The waterproof pan in this example is a sheet molding compound (SMC) using a mold that is coated with a predetermined chromium blast with a thickness of 15 μm on the front surface of the mold with a predetermined sandblast (Sagorban Ceramic Materials ABRAX 150). ) Produced by molding.
In the waterproof pan in this example, when the fine irregularities were measured under measurement conditions A and B, Ra = 0.644 μm, Ry = 4.064 μm, Sm = 0.743 μm, Sm / Ry = 0.251. And the surface area was 341.593 μm ² . Further, the power spectrum was 4 out of 8 places, that is, 50% was −30 μm ² or more.
Such a waterproof pan is manufactured, the waterproof pan is fixed in a predetermined arrangement, and the entire waterproof pan is discharged using a shower. After flowing water, it is left in an atmosphere of room temperature 15 ° C. and humidity 66%. The time until the waterproof pan surface was completely dried was measured. In addition, the ventilation fan installed in the bathroom ceiling is operated, and the bathroom door is in a closed state.
As a result, immediately after the water discharge, the flow of water to the sink groove is interrupted, and there are a part where the water spreads thinly in the form of a water film and a part where the water starts to condense immediately after the water discharge. Also did not dry.

Comparative Example 3
A waterproof pan similar to that in Example 1 was prepared. FIG. 22 is an enlarged photograph taken with a laser microscope of 8000 times showing surface irregularities. Also, FIG. 23 shows a cross-sectional curve, FIG. 24 shows a deviation ratio curve, and FIG. 25 shows a power spectrum and its approximate curve at one of eight locations when fine irregularities are measured under measurement condition A.
The waterproof pan in this example is manufactured by performing sheet molding compound (SMC) molding using a mold that is etched with a predetermined rock surface tone on the mold surface and further coated with a hard chromium plating with a film thickness of 15 μm. is there.
In the waterproof pan in this example, when the rock surface portion was measured under measurement condition A and measurement condition B, Ra = 0.117 μm, Ry = 0.73 μm, Sm = 0.26 μm, and Sm / Ry = 0.366. The surface area was 169.599 μm ² . Further, the power spectrum was 1 in 8 places, that is, 12.5% was −30 μm ² or more.
Such a waterproof pan is manufactured, the waterproof pan is fixed in a predetermined arrangement, and the entire waterproof pan is discharged using a shower. After flowing water, it is left in an atmosphere of room temperature 15 ° C. and humidity 66%. The time until the waterproof pan surface was completely dried was measured. In addition, the ventilation fan installed in the bathroom ceiling is operated, and the bathroom door is in a closed state.
As a result, water began to aggregate immediately after the water discharge, and did not dry even after about 8 hours.

Comparative Example 4
A waterproof pan similar to that in Example 1 was prepared. FIG. 26 is an enlarged photograph taken with a laser microscope of 8000 times showing unevenness on the surface. In addition, FIG. 27 shows a cross-sectional curve, FIG. 28 shows a deviation ratio curve, and FIG. 29 shows a power spectrum and its approximate curve at one of the eight locations when fine irregularities are measured under measurement condition A.
The waterproof pan in the present example is manufactured by polishing a mold surface to a mirror surface and molding a sheet molding compound (SMC) using a mold coated with a hard chromium plating having a film thickness of 15 μm.
In the waterproof pan in the present example, when the surface was measured under measurement conditions A and B, Ra = 0.164 μm, Ry = 0.999 μm, Sm = 0.363 μm, and Sm / Ry = 0.533. The surface area was 160.32 μm ² . Further, the power spectrum was 0 in 8 locations, that is, 0% was −30 μm ² or more.
Such a waterproof pan is manufactured, the waterproof pan is fixed in a predetermined arrangement, and the entire waterproof pan is discharged using a shower. After flowing water, it is left in an atmosphere of room temperature 15 ° C. and humidity 66%. The time until the waterproof pan surface was completely dried was measured. In addition, the ventilation fan installed in the bathroom ceiling is operated, and the bathroom door is in a closed state.
As a result, immediately after the water discharge, the flow of water to the sink groove is interrupted, and there are a part where the water spreads thinly in the form of a water film and a part where the water starts to condense immediately after the water discharge. Also did not dry.
In the present invention, the waterproof pan of the desired surface state can be manufactured by the above-described processing such as etching into a mold, molding using such a mold, mold processing, molding, etc. However, it can be carried out fairly uniformly or in many cases, and in many cases, the surface state of the molded product is considered to be in the same state everywhere. Therefore, when measuring Ra, Ry, Sm under measurement condition A or measurement condition B, at least five locations are selected as measurement locations, and any location is selected as the measurement location. In this case, the at least five locations can be selected from a small area of the molding surface, for example, a range of 37 μm × 27 μm. Whether the surface state of the molded product is the same can be confirmed by a surface dry state, a soiling test or the like.

The top view of the waterproofing pan in one Example of this invention. The enlarged photograph by the laser microscope of the fine unevenness | corrugation in one Example of this invention. Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional curve in one cross section of Fig. 2. The deviation ratio curve with respect to the average value calculated | required from the cross-sectional curve of FIG. The power spectrum calculated | required from the deviation ratio curve of FIG. 4, and its approximation curve. The enlarged photograph by the laser microscope of the fine unevenness | corrugation in one Example of this invention. Sectional curve in one section of FIG. The deviation ratio curve with respect to the average value calculated | required from the cross-sectional curve of FIG. The power spectrum calculated | required from the deviation ratio curve of FIG. 8, and its approximation curve. The enlarged photograph by the laser microscope of the fine unevenness | corrugation in one Example of this invention. Fig. 11 is a cross-sectional curve in one cross section of Fig. 10. The deviation ratio curve with respect to the average value calculated | required from the cross-sectional curve of FIG. The power spectrum calculated | required from the deviation ratio curve of FIG. 12, and its approximation curve. The enlarged photograph by the laser microscope of the fine unevenness | corrugation in one comparative example of this invention. FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional curve in one cross section of FIG. 14. The deviation ratio curve with respect to the average value calculated | required from the cross-sectional curve of FIG. The power spectrum calculated | required from the deviation ratio curve of FIG. 16, and its approximation curve. The enlarged photograph by the laser microscope of the fine unevenness | corrugation in one comparative example of this invention. Fig. 19 is a cross-sectional curve in one cross section of Fig. 18. The deviation ratio curve with respect to the average value calculated | required from the cross-sectional curve of FIG. The power spectrum calculated | required from the deviation ratio curve of FIG. 20, and its approximation curve. The enlarged photograph by the laser microscope of the surface in one comparative example of this invention. FIG. 23 is a cross-sectional curve in one cross section of FIG. 22. The deviation ratio curve with respect to the average value calculated | required from the cross-sectional curve of FIG. The power spectrum calculated | required from the deviation ratio curve of FIG. 24, and its approximation curve. The enlarged photograph by the laser microscope of the surface in one comparative example of this invention. FIG. 27 is a sectional curve in one section of FIG. 26. The deviation ratio curve with respect to the average value calculated | required from the cross-sectional curve of FIG. The power spectrum calculated | required from the deviation ratio curve of FIG. 28, and its approximation curve. The partial top view of the state which gave the tile in the present invention and laid down on the floor.

Explanation of symbols

1: waterproof pan 2: bathtub installation part 3: drain outlet recess 4: drain outlet 5: drainage sink groove 6: joint split 7: tile

Claims (14)

A construction or building component having a surface provided with fine irregularities that show hydrophilicity to prevent a water agglomeration phenomenon and to form a water film. 2. The building component according to claim 1, comprising a plastic piece, a ceramic piece, a metal piece or a rubber piece. 3. A construction or building component according to claim 1 or 2 which is a flooring material, a wall material or a ceiling material. 2. The construction or building component according to claim 1, which is a bathroom component. The construction or building component according to claim 1, which is a prevention pan. The construction or building component according to claim 1, which is a non-slip floor material. With a laser microscope, the resolution in the horizontal and vertical (XY) direction was set to 0.0364 μm, the resolution in the height (Z) direction was set to 0.05 μm, the measurement length was 5 μm, and five or more arbitrarily selected points were measured. 7. The construction or building component according to claim 1, wherein fine irregularities having an average value of arithmetic average roughness Ra of 0.7 μm or more are provided on the surface. Fine irregularities were selected arbitrarily with a laser microscope, with the horizontal and vertical (XY) direction resolution set to 0.0364 μm, the height (Z) direction resolution set to 0.05 μm, and the measurement length of 5 μm. The construction or building component according to claim 7, which is applied so that an average value of the maximum height Ry is 5 μm or more when five or more locations are measured. Fine irregularities were selected arbitrarily with a laser microscope, with the horizontal and vertical (XY) direction resolution set to 0.0364 μm, the height (Z) direction resolution set to 0.05 μm, and the measurement length of 5 μm. The construction according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the average value of the ratio Sm / Ry between the average interval Sm of unevenness and the maximum height Ry is 0.2 or less when measured at five or more locations. Or building components. Fine irregularities were selected arbitrarily with a laser microscope, with the horizontal and vertical (XY) direction resolution set to 0.0364 μm, the height (Z) direction resolution set to 0.05 μm, and the measurement length of 5 μm. When five or more locations are measured, the average value of the arithmetic average roughness Ra is 0.8 μm or more, and the average value of the ratio Sm / Ry between the average interval Sm of the unevenness and the maximum height Ry is 0.2 or less. The construction or building component according to any one of claims 7 to 9, which is applied as described above. Fine irregularities can be selected with a laser microscope by setting the horizontal and vertical (XY) direction resolution to 0.0364 μm, the height (Z) direction resolution to 0.05 μm, and the measurement range to 5 μm square. The structural member for construction or construction according to any one of claims 7 to 10, which is applied so that an average value of the surface area of the unevenness is 400 µm ² or more when measured at 5 or more locations. Fine irregularities were selected arbitrarily with a laser microscope, with the horizontal and vertical (XY) direction resolution set to 0.0364 μm, the height (Z) direction resolution set to 0.05 μm, and the measurement length of 5 μm. When measuring five or more locations, find the average value of the cross-sectional curve in the Z direction for each location, find the deviation rate curve from the average value, Fourier transform the deviation rate curve, and power for each reciprocal of the wavelength. A spectrum was obtained, and an approximate curve obtained by logarithmic approximation was measured at a location where the entire range of the reciprocal of the wavelength was 2.5 to 14 / μm (wavelength conversion 0.4 to 0.071 μm) was −30 μm ² or more. The structural member for construction or construction according to any one of claims 7 to 11, which is applied so as to exceed 50% of the portion. FRP using a mold having a surface corresponding to the formation of fine irregularities showing hydrophilicity to prevent water agglomeration phenomenon continuously on the surface of construction or building components A method for producing a structural member for construction or construction having fine irregularities on a surface, characterized by molding. The method for producing a structural member for construction or construction according to claim 13, wherein the mold is a mold, fine irregularities are formed on the surface thereof, and a film is formed by a PVD method using an inorganic substance.

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