JP2004503368A - Waste purification plant - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a waste purification device, comprising: a regular supply of impurities into a fining vessel (2) and a chamber (20) arranged on the top of the fining tank (2). (21, 50); at least one metering pump (22, 23, 24) for adding waste coagulation or flocculation reactants to the chamber; and added (one or more) reactants And a conduit (25) for feeding waste from said chamber to the bottom of the agglomeration vessel (12) located inside the fining tank, in which a sludge bed forms, through which waste is passed. Flows downstream from the top and is clarified when it contacts the bed.

Description

[0001]
(Technical field)
The object of the present invention is a plant for the physicochemical and bacteriological purification of water.
[0002]
(Background technology)
Most industrial waste is currently discharged to a purification station for treatment and purification.
[0003]
For this purpose, contracts have been drawn up between industrial companies emitting waste and water treatment companies.
[0004]
The cost of treating this waste is very high for industrial companies, and in some cases the cost of water consumption can be exceeded.
[0005]
If the responsibility for waste management is therefore attributable to the industrial company, it will be clear that the company will have its own means of treating consumed waste.
[0006]
However, conventional plants for treating waste waste are not well suited for treating waste waste, for example, with respect to the size of the business that discharges a small amount of water compared to the local community.
[0007]
This is because a conventional plant is composed of several elements that continuously perform the homogenization, degreasing, coagulation and coagulation operations of waste. These plants occupy expensive and large areas of land.
[0008]
For these reasons, it is difficult for industrial companies to have their own facilities to purify their waste.
[0009]
It is an object of the present invention to provide a waste treatment plant that occupies a small space and achieves a high degree of purification with low equipment and operating costs.
[0010]
(Disclosure of the Invention)
To this end, the waste purification plant according to the invention is:
A refining tank;
A pump for delivering impurities regularly into a chamber located on the top of the fining tank;
At least one metering pump for adding waste coagulation or flocculation reactants to the chamber;
A pipe for carrying waste together with the reactants from the chamber to the bottom of the flocculation vessel arranged inside the fining tank, wherein a sludge bed is formed in the vessel, and the waste flows upward through the bed. And clarifies when it comes into contact with the bed.
[0011]
By directing the waste into the base of the sludge bed, the collection of organic and inorganic contaminants present in the waste on the flocs making up the sludge bed is maximized. In addition, regular waste influxes can start activating flocs and increase their collective capacity. Therefore, this plant can achieve very effective coagulation in a short time.
[0012]
Naturally, the consumption of chemical reactants is reduced because the coagulation process is the highest.
[0013]
The plant according to the invention reaches a BOD reduction of more than 70% and achieves an excellent filtration of the material.
[0014]
One of the main characteristics regarding waste contaminants is the BOD or biological oxygen demand, which is the oxygen consumption of microorganisms present in the waste to assimilate the organic matter in the waste.
[0015]
Particularly advantageously, the flocculation vessel comprises a frustoconical upper part which extends to a cylindrical lower part, into which the pipe extends.
[0016]
With this particular advantageous configuration of the flocculation vessel, the waste with the reactants is led to the zone, the volume of which is limited relatively, ie to the cylindrical part of the flocculation vessel. In this limited volume, agglomeration is particularly strong.
[0017]
Furthermore, the slanted surface of the frusto-conical portion may allow sludge formed by the accumulation of flocs to overflow from the agglomeration vessel under the influence of the increased load.
[0018]
Agglomeration becomes active and self-regulating. This is because the flocculation always takes place arbitrarily, even under load on the plant, on the one hand ensuring a strong flocculation in the cylindrical part and on the other hand overflowing the excess sludge outside the flocculation vessel.
[0019]
According to one particularly advantageous point according to the invention, the feed pipe comprises a first pipe and a second pipe, the first pipe extending into the chamber at one end and cutting at the other end. On the surface of the frustoconical vessel, a radial homogenizing opening is provided, the second pipe having a larger diameter than the first pipe and having an upper end radially arranged in the first pipe. The cover has a lower end extending into the bottom portion of the frustoconical container.
[0020]
The form of the feed pipe allows the waste and reactants to be homogeneously mixed before being directed into the bottom part of the flocculation vessel.
[0021]
Advantageously, the bottom part of the fining tank has a frusto-conical part for receiving sludge overflowing the flocculation vessel and a pump for extracting the sludge collected in the frusto-conical part of the fining vessel.
[0022]
The frusto-conical shape at the bottom of the fining tank collects the sludge that overflows the frusto-conical vessel on a defined surface at the base of the fining tank. This sludge can be easily extracted by a pump. Thus, changes in load can be absorbed without difficulty and the sludge bed is adjusted independently.
[0023]
Preferably, a sized opening is located at the top of the fining tank to allow the clarified effluent to flow into a storage tank surrounding the fining tank.
[0024]
The storage tank surrounds the fining tank, so that a very small plant can be obtained, occupying significantly less basic space than prior art plants.
[0025]
Advantageously, the lower end of the feed pipe has a divergent frustoconical cross-section to improve the distribution of waste in the sludge bed.
[0026]
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a filter material is arranged between the fining tank and the storage tank, and the clarified waste flows through said filter material before being accumulated in the bottom part of the storage tank .
[0027]
According to an advantageous feature, a metering pump reacts in each of the bottom part of the mixing chamber upstream of the electrostatic mixer arranged in the waste supply pipe and the bottom part of the cylindrical part of the frustoconical vessel. Guide things. Thus, the reactants are directed into the plant where the reaction is at an optimal point.
[0028]
According to an advantageous feature that the present invention may have, the waste clarification plant comprises:
A filtration vessel with filtration material disposed between the chamber and the flocculation vessel;
A wall disposed between the flocculation vessel and the filtration vessel;
A pipe that is larger in diameter and coaxial with the feed pipe and extends between the wall and the filtration vessel;
Is provided.
[0029]
Preferably, the upper edge of the frusto-conical portion of the coagulation vessel contacts the inner surface of the tank.
[0030]
Preferably, the filter vessel has an opening on its lower surface that is protected by a strainer and through which filtered water can flow out.
[0031]
Filtration material can reduce excess waste at the outlet of the clarification vessel.
[0032]
According to one particularly advantageous embodiment according to the invention, a pump sucks the clarified waste outside the storage tank and removes it from the granules which are arranged on the outer surface of the storage tank and which fix the bacteriological element. It is guided into at least one annular chamber contained.
[0033]
The clarified waste begins to be activated in an annular chamber containing granules that immobilize bacteriological elements. The vortex flow caused by the waste in the annular chamber allows a fairly good contact there between the particulate matter and the waste, which hasten the fixation of the bacteria. The degree of BOD reduction reaches 95% or more.
[0034]
Preferably, there are four annular chambers, each of which is connected to one another via a conduit.
[0035]
Each annular chamber contains granules with the property of fixing special bacteria, and waste passes continuously through the four chambers, achieving very good biological treatment .
[0036]
Advantageously, a recovery pump draws up the clarified waste in the upper annular chamber and refills it into the plurality of lower chambers.
[0037]
A collection pump maintains the regular annular velocity of the waste, causing particulate matter to float.
[0038]
Preferably, the storage tank, the fining tank, the agglomeration tank, and the plurality of annular chambers are made of plastic.
[0039]
(Best Mode for Carrying Out the Invention)
For an understanding of the invention, the invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, which show a preferred embodiment of a waste removal plant.
[0040]
As shown in the sectional view of FIG. 1, the waste purification plant includes a cylindrical storage tank 1. The cylindrical fining tank 2 is coaxially arranged inside the tank 1. The purification tank 2 has a regularly arranged size-regulating circular opening 3 at its upper part and a truncated conical part 4 at its lower part. The coaxial tanks 1 and 2 are connected by an annular platform 5 on which a filter 8 rests. The annular platform 5 is penetrated by regularly arranged openings 6. The openings 6 are each covered by a strainer 7.
[0041]
The flocculation container 12 is arranged inside the tank 2. The container 12 has a truncated conical upper portion 13 having a downwardly decreasing cross section and extended by a cylindrical lower portion 14. The coagulation container 12 has a foot 15 on the bottom surface of the tank 2 on the lower surface thereof.
[0042]
An extraction pipe 17 extends between the feet 15 of the coagulation vessel 12 and a pump 18 performs the extraction.
[0043]
A chamber 20 is arranged on the upper surface of the tank 2. The chamber 20 is supplied with waste to be processed by a pump 21.
[0044]
The supply pipe 10 carries the waste to be treated into the chamber 20, the movement of which is performed by a pump 21.
[0045]
A feed pipe enters the chamber 20 tangentially, and in such a manner, waste is introduced into the chamber tangentially with an anti-vortex effect.
[0046]
An electrostatic mixer 11 is arranged in the supply pipe upstream of the chamber 20.
[0047]
Metering pumps 22, 23, 24 feed coagulation or coagulation reactants into the bottom of the chamber 20, in the supply pipe 10 upstream of the electrostatic mixer 11, and in the bottom of the cylindrical portion of the coagulation base 12. Inject into each.
[0048]
A vertical feed pipe 25 extends from the chamber 20 into the cylindrical portion 14 of the coagulation vessel 12. The feed pipe 25 includes a first pipe 26 that extends into a second pipe 27 having a diameter greater than the diameter of the pipe 26. At its upper end, a tube 26 extends into the chamber 20 and has a radial opening 28 at its lower end. The hemispherical element 29 blocks the lower end of the tube 26. The tube 27 covers the opening 28 of the tube 26 and extends down into the cylindrical part of the coagulation vessel 12.
[0049]
On its outer surface, the tank 1 receives four overlapping annular chambers 31, 32, 33, 34.
[0050]
Each chamber is connected to an adjacent chamber via a conduit 35.
[0051]
A pump 36 is provided for taking in from the bottom of the tank 1 via a pipe 37 and discharging into the lower tubular chamber 31.
[0052]
A withdrawal pump 39 is for taking in from the upper annular chamber 34 and transporting it into the two intermediate chambers 32 and 33.
[0053]
An air circuit 38 directs the compressed air into each annular chamber 31, 32, 33 and 34 and into each strainer 7.
[0054]
This introduction is made by a compressor (not shown).
[0055]
Each of the annular chambers is provided with a manhole 41 that allows access to the interior of the chamber.
[0056]
The upper annular chamber 34 extends to the top of the storage tank 1 and has an opening 43 open to the outside.
[0057]
The operation of the above plant is as follows: the waste initially treated undergoes physicochemical treatment and then undergoes bacteriological treatment.
[0058]
Waste from storage area 45 is pumped by pump 21 and directed into chamber 20. The reactants are directed into the waste upstream of the electrostatic mixer, which ensures that the waste and reactant mix very quickly. The suction of the waste by the pump 21 is intermittent, for example a suction of 15 to 30 seconds after a down time of 15 to 60 seconds, and the waste is guided into the chamber 20 in a regular manner. In chamber 20, a pump 22 injects the coagulation or flocculation reactant into the waste. The reactants can be ferric chloride, aluminum sulfate or a polymer, depending on the type of waste being treated. The operation of the pumps 22 and 23 corresponds to a waste pulse period.
[0059]
Due to the effect of the regular transfer by the pump 21, the waste together with the reactants flows out of the chamber 20 and exits via a vertical pipe 25.
[0060]
An opening 28 formed in the upper tube 26 of the pipe can homogenize the waste / reactant solution.
[0061]
At the bottom of the feed pipe 25, the waste is brought into contact with a sludge bed made of flocks. The floc is entrained in the suspension by a pulsating flow that begins to activate the waste. Upon contact with the flocs forming the sludge bed, organic or inorganic contaminants collect on the flocs and the waste gradually passes through the sludge bed and is clarified. Aggregation can be enhanced by pumping the agglutination reactant.
[0062]
As the load increases, excess sludge overflows the flocculation vessel and collects in the center of the frustoconical portion 4 of the fining tank 2. It is extracted by the pump 18.
[0063]
Since the clarified waste is less dense than the flocs forming the sludge bed, the waste spills out of the fining tank via openings 3 formed therein.
[0064]
The clarified waste overflows into the lower part of the storage tank 1 surrounding the fining tank and flows through the filter substance 8.
[0065]
The filtration material can consist of granules of quartz, porazone, activated carbon, diatomaceous earth or pumice, which can reduce the extra load of waste after fining.
[0066]
The filter substance can be washed by directing the water / air mixture in a counter-current direction through the nozzle 9. The introduction of this mixture is carried out simultaneously with the extraction of the excess sludge by means of the pump 18 and in the same amount and does not interfere with the fining power.
[0067]
At this point, the waste undergoes physicochemical treatment and is therefore clean. It is stored at the bottom of the storage tank.
[0068]
The waste is then drawn up by a pump 36 and after adding air it is tangentially discharged into the annular chamber 31, forming a vortex inside this chamber. Chamber 31 contains particulates that fix bacteria present in the waste, which are placed in a suspension and swirled by the effect of vortices. By placing the granules in a suspension and shaking it, the bacteriological contaminants present in the waste are fixed very well.
[0069]
Pump 39 draws waste into annular chambers 32, 33 and 34 connected via conduit 35. It maintains a constant velocity in the annular chamber by re-injecting the waste drawn from the upper chamber 34 into the intermediate chambers 32 and 33. Each chamber 31, 32 and 33 contains special granules (activated carbon, sand or size-regulated polystyrene beads) which act on special bacteria, and waste is passed from the annular chamber 34 through the opening 43. Once extracted, it undergoes complete bacteriological processing.
[0070]
The waste is added to post-treatment, for example, a germicide indicated by reference numeral 45 in FIG.
[0071]
FIG. 3 shows an embodiment according to the invention intended for carrying drinking water in an isolated location.
[0072]
The plant according to the invention is supplied via a hand pump 50.
[0073]
The tank 2 is divided into an upper part 47, an intermediate part 48, and a lower part 49 by two horizontal walls 51 and 52.
[0074]
The upper part has a chamber 20 into which a pipe 25 extends through an opening made in a wall 53.
[0075]
The feed pipe 25 connects the chamber 20 to the coagulation container 12 arranged below the tank 2.
[0076]
The lower end of the pipe 25 has a flared frustoconical section 57.
[0077]
The flocculation vessel 12 rests on the bottom of the tank, the frusto-conical upper part 13 being connected to the inner wall of the tank 2.
[0078]
In the frusto-conical upper part 13 of the agglomeration vessel, an overflow opening 55 penetrates.
[0079]
The wall 51 is penetrated by a circular opening, to which a discharge pipe 56 concentric with the feed pipe 25 is connected.
[0080]
The discharge pipe 56 has a radial overflow opening 59 at its upper end and terminates in a filtration tank 60 filled with a filtering material such as sand.
[0081]
The pipe 66 can fill the tank 60 with the filtering material.
[0082]
The bottom of the filtration tank 60 has an opening protected by a strainer 62.
[0083]
Each strainer 62 includes a cleaning nozzle 65 connected to the pump 50.
[0084]
Each of the upper part, the middle part, and the lower part of the tank 2 is provided with a drain valve 61, 62, 63.
[0085]
The manual three-way valve 67 allows the hand pump 50 to pump fluid exiting the wall 68 or exiting the middle of the tank 2. By means of a manual three-way valve 68, this pump is carried on top of the tank 2 or into a pipe 70 leading to the washing nozzle 65.
[0086]
The operation of the embodiment according to the present invention will be described.
[0087]
Valves 67 and 68 are set to draw up non-potable water from wall 68 and carry this water into the top of tank 2.
[0088]
A settling operation of the water takes place and the particles accumulate on the wall 52.
[0089]
The flocculation or coagulation reactant is directed into chamber 20 by a pump (not shown).
[0090]
When a sufficient amount of water is directed to the upper part 47, the water overflows into the chamber 20 and into the feed pipe 25 extending into the coagulation vessel 12.
[0091]
At the bottom of the feed pipe 25, water is brought into contact with a sludge bed made of flocks. The diverging frustoconical cross-section of the feed pipe 25 allows for excellent spraying of water on the sludge bed. Thus, water is clarified in contact with the fluidized sludge bed.
[0092]
Excess sludge is discharged from the flocculation vessel 12 through the opening 55 and overflows into the bottom of the tank 2. This sludge can be extracted via valve 63.
[0093]
Due to the regular transport effect of the pump 50, the clarified water exits the bottom 49 via the discharge pipe 56 and overflows into the filtration tank 60 via the opening 59.
[0094]
As the tank is filled with a filtering material, such as sand, the clarified water undergoes a filtering operation. Water exits the tank 60 via the opening 61 protected by the strainer 62 and accumulates in the intermediate section 48.
[0095]
To drain the water, it may be withdrawn via valve 62.
[0096]
Water also undergoes a second fining cycle by setting valves 67 and 68, and in such a manner pump 60 draws up the water that has undergone the first fining cycle from intermediate section 48 and undergoes a further fining cycle. This water is carried into the upper part 47.
[0097]
Valves 67 and 68 draw water from intermediate section 49 and are conveyed through pipe 70 into wash nozzle 65. The washing nozzle 65 opens into the strainer 62 and the water sent in the countercurrent direction wash the filtration media. During this operation, valve 63 is open.
[0098]
The present invention therefore provides a particularly compact waste clarification plant with low installation costs and can perform excellent physicochemical and bacteriological purification.
[0099]
It goes without saying that the invention is not restricted to the embodiments described above, but rather comprises all implementation variants thereof. Thus, the purification plant can be installed in the form of a module, incorporating electronics to control the various pumps and mounted on a transportable platform.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG.
1 is a sectional view of a plant according to the present invention.
FIG. 2
A waste purification plant according to the present invention incorporated in a treatment facility.
FIG. 3
Another embodiment of the invention intended for carrying drinking water in an isolated location.

Claims (16)

A waste purification plant equipped with a fining tank (2)
Pumps (21, 50) for regularly feeding impurities into a chamber (20) arranged on the top of the fining tank (2);
At least one metering pump (22, 23, 24) for adding waste coagulation or flocculation reactants to said chamber;
A pipe for transporting waste along with the reactant (s) from the chamber to the bottom of the agglomeration vessel (12) located inside the fining tank, wherein a sludge bed is formed in the vessel. Waste flows upward through said bed and is clarified when contacting the bed;
Waste purification plant characterized by the following. A waste purification plant according to claim 1, characterized in that the flocculation vessel (12) comprises a frustoconical upper part (13) extending to a cylindrical lower part, in which the pipe (25) extends. . The pipe (25) comprises a first pipe (26) and a second pipe (27), the first pipe extending at one end into the chamber (20) and the other end at a radial end. A second tube having a larger diameter than the first tube, the upper end of which covers the radially arranged homogenization opening (28) of the first tube and the lower end of the second tube; 3. The waste purification plant according to claim 1, wherein the at least one extends into the bottom of the frusto-conical vessel. 4. A waste purification plant according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the bottom part of the fining tank (2) has a frusto-conical part (4) for receiving sludge overflowing the flocculation vessel. . 5. A waste purification plant according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the pump (8) extracts the sludge collected in the frusto-conical part of the fining vessel. 2. The fining tank according to claim 1, wherein the fining opening is arranged at the top of the fining tank so that the clarified effluent can flow into a storage tank surrounding the fining tank. The waste purification plant according to any one of claims 1 to 5. A waste purification plant according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the lower end of the feed pipe (25) has a divergent frustoconical cross section. A filter material (8) is arranged between the fining tank (1) and the storage tank (1), and the clarified waste is accumulated in the bottom part of the storage tank (1) before the filtration material The waste purification plant according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the wastewater purification plant flows through the wastewater purification plant. Metering pumps (22, 23, 24) are installed in the bottom part (2) of the mixing chamber upstream of the electrostatic mixer (11) located in the waste supply pipe (10) and in the cylinder of the frustoconical vessel The waste purification plant according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein a reactant is introduced into each of the bottoms of the slab. A filtration vessel (60) with filtration material disposed between the chamber (20) and the flocculation vessel (12);
A wall disposed between the flocculation vessel (12) and the filtration vessel (20);
A discharge pipe (56) that is larger in diameter and coaxial with the feed pipe (25) and extends between the wall (51) and the filtration vessel (20);
The waste purification plant according to any one of claims 1 to 9, further comprising: The waste purification plant according to claim 10, characterized in that the upper edge of the frustoconical part (13) of the flocculation vessel (12) is adjacent to the inner surface of the tank (12). 12. Waste purification according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that the filter vessel (60) has on its lower surface an opening (61) protected by a strainer (62) and through which filtered water can flow out. plant. A pump (36) sucks the clarified waste outside of the storage tank (1) and delivers it to at least one of the particulates located on the outer surface of the storage tank and containing the bacteriological element immobilization. 13. The waste purification plant according to claim 1, wherein the waste purification plant is guided into an annular chamber. 14. The waste purification plant according to claim 13, characterized in that there are four annular chambers (31, 32, 33, 34), each of which is connected to one another via a conduit (35). 15. The method according to claim 13, wherein the withdrawal pump (39) draws up the clarified waste in the upper annular chamber (34) and refills it into the plurality of lower chambers (31, 32, 33). Waste purification plant as described. 16. Waste purification according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the storage tank (1), the fining tank (2), the coagulation tank (12) and the plurality of annular chambers are made of plastic. plant.