JP2004353366A

JP2004353366A - Renewal construction method for old buried pipe

Info

Publication number: JP2004353366A
Application number: JP2003154044A
Authority: JP
Inventors: Yoshinari Nanno; 嘉成南埜
Original assignee: NIPPON GIJUTSU KENSETSU KK
Current assignee: NIPPON GIJUTSU KENSETSU KK
Priority date: 2003-05-30
Filing date: 2003-05-30
Publication date: 2004-12-16
Anticipated expiration: 2023-05-30
Also published as: JP3936923B2

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To construct a new buried pipe at substantially the same position as a broken buried pipe economically and safely in a short period of time while letting sewage and rainwater flow and removing the broken buried pipe by a jacking construction method without digging a track and a road over the whole region of exchange section of the buried pipe. <P>SOLUTION: This renewal construction method for the old buried pipe comprises a process for constructing a starting shaft 2 and an arrival shaft 3 at both side positions of the buried pipe 1, a process for arranging a metallic temporarily provided pipe P for letting sewage flow in the buried pipe 1, a process for filling a filler 4 in the buried pipe 1 and a clearance around it, a process for crushing the buried pipe 1 and the filler 4 from a start shaft 2 side using an excavator 5 to discharge the crushed pieces onto the starting shaft 2 side and pushing out the temporarily provided pipe P onto an arrival shaft 3 side to discharge sewage in the temporarily provided pipe P onto the starting shaft 2 side, and a process for connecting the new buried pipe 15 with a leading pipe 6 and drilling and burying the new buried pipe 15 in a space from which the buried pipe 1 is removed while crushing the buried pipe 1 and the filler 4 by the excavator 5, pushing out the temporarily provided pipe P, and discharging fluid. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、主に軌道下や道路下等に埋設されて下水や雨水等の流体を流す下水管や排水管等の埋設管（コンクリート管や陶管）が老朽化した際に、老朽化した既設の埋設管を新しい埋設管に取り換える老朽埋設管の更新工法に係り、特に軌道や道路を埋設管の取り換え区間全域に亘って掘削することなく、下水や雨水等を流しながら老朽化した埋設管を新しい埋設管に短期間で経済的に且つ安全に取り換えることができるようにした老朽埋設管の更新工法に関するものである。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
一般に、軌道下や道路下等には、下水を流す下水管や雨水を流す排水管等の埋設管（ヒューム管等のコンクリート管や陶管）が数多く埋設されている。これらの埋設管は、老朽化によってひび割れを起こしたり、破損したりすることがあった。又、比較的新しい埋設管であっても、鉄道車輌や自動車の走行により発生する振動や荷重等の影響を受けてひび割れを起こしたり、破損したりすることがあった。
【０００３】
このように、ひび割れを起こした埋設管や破損した埋設管をそのままの状態で放置して置くと、様々な問題を引き起すことになる。例えば、埋設管内を流れている下水や雨水がひび割れ個所や破損個所から埋設管の周囲に漏れて埋設管の周囲の地盤が緩んだり、環境汚染を引き起したりすると云う問題が発生する。又、埋設管の周囲の土砂が埋設管の破損個所等から埋設管内に入り込んで埋設管を詰まらせたり、埋設管の周囲に空洞ができて地盤が陥没したりすると云う問題が発生する。
そのため、ひび割れを起こした埋設管や破損した埋設管に於いては、環境汚染や陥没事故等を引き起す前に新しい埋設管に取り替える工事が行われている。
【０００４】
従来、下水や雨水等の流体を流す埋設管（下水管や排水管等）の取り換え工事に於いては、長期間に亘って下水や排水を止められないため、下水や雨水を流しながらひび割れを起こした埋設管や破損した埋設管を新しい埋設管に取り換えられるようにした工法（アイエムリバース工法）を用いて工事が行われている。
【０００５】
即ち、前記工法は、図１８に示す如く、取り換え区間の埋設管３０の上流側及び下流側の埋設管３０内に止水プラグ３１を挿着して取り換え区間の埋設管３０内に下水や雨水が進入するのを防止すると共に、上流側の埋設管３０と下流側の埋設管３０との間にバイパス路３２を形成し、上流側の埋設管３０内の下水や雨水をバイパス路３２により下流側の埋設管３０内に流しながら、取り換え区間にある埋設管３０を先導管３３及び推進装置３４から成る掘削機３５により破砕しつつ埋設管３０が取り除かれた空間内に新しい埋設管（図示省略）を推進埋設するようにしたものである。
尚、図１８に於いて、３６はポンプ、３７は自動バイパスユニット、３８はエンジン駆動式油圧ユニット、３９は油圧バルブユニット、４０はコントロールユニットである。
【０００６】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
上述した工法は、下水や雨水を流しながら、埋設管３０のひび割れした個所や破損した個所を新しい埋設管に取り換えることができるため、下水の量が多い場合や雨季の季節であっても、何ら問題なく埋設管３０の取り換え工事を行うことができると云う利点がある。
然し乍ら、従来の工法に於いては、バイパス路３２を新たに設けなければならないため、作業工程が増えて手数が掛かると共に、工事期間が長くなると云う問題があった。又、バイパス路３２を形成するための設備（自動バイパスユニット３７やバイパス管、ポンプ３６、止水プラグ３１等）が必要になり、コスト高になると云う問題もあった。
【０００７】
本発明は、このような問題点に鑑みて為されたものであり、その目的は軌道や道路を埋設管の取り換え区間全域に亘って掘削することなく、下水や雨水等の流体を流しながら、小口径管推進工法により破損した埋設管を取り除きつつ、新しい埋設管を破損した埋設管と略同じ位置に短期間で経済的に且つ安全に布設することができるようにした老朽埋設管の更新工法を提供することにある。
【０００８】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記目的を達成するために、本発明の請求項１の発明は、更新を要する埋設管の取り換え区間の両側位置に発進立坑及び到達立坑を構築する工程と、取り換え区間の埋設管内の中心位置に下水等の流体を流す金属製の仮設管を配設する工程と、取り換え区間の埋設管と仮設管との間及び埋設管周辺の空隙に充填材を充填して埋設管を補強する工程と、先端に回転可能なカッタヘッドを装着した先導管及びこれを推進させる推進装置から成る掘削機を用いて発進立坑側から少なくとも埋設管及び充填材を破砕しつつその破砕片を発進立坑側へ排出すると共に、カッタヘッド前面の回転中心に取り付けた押圧体によって仮設管の一端部を押して仮設管を到達立坑側へ押し出しつつ仮設管内を流れていた流体を押圧体及び先導管を通して前記破砕片と一緒に発進立坑側へ排出する工程と、先導管の後端に新しい埋設管を接続し、前記掘削機によって埋設管及び充填材の破砕と仮設管の押し出しと流体の排出を行いながら、新しい埋設管を埋設管、充填材及び仮設管が取り除かれた空間に推進埋設する工程とから成ることに特徴がある。
【０００９】
本発明の請求項２の発明は、取り換え区間の埋設管内の中心位置に金属製の仮設管を配設する工程に於いて、埋設管内に土砂が詰まっている場合に金属製の仮設管を埋設管内へ圧入し、仮設管内に入り込んだ土砂を水圧により排出するようにしたことに特徴がある。
【００１０】
本発明の請求項３の発明は、取り換え区間の埋設管内の中心位置に金属製の仮設管を配設する工程に於いて、金属製の仮設管をその外周面に離型剤を塗布してから埋設管内に配設するようにしたことに特徴がある。
【００１１】
本発明の請求項４の発明は、取り換え区間の埋設管内の中心位置に金属製の仮設管を配設する工程に於いて、内周縁部に凹状の球面部を形成した金属製の補強管を仮設管の一端部内周面に取り付け固定し、この仮設管を埋設管内に配設するようにしたことに特徴がある。
【００１２】
本発明の請求項５の発明は、取り換え区間の埋設管と仮設管との間及び埋設管周辺の空隙に充填材を充填する工程に於いて、埋設管の取り換え区間の両側位置から埋設管と仮設管との間に充填材を充填するようにしたことに特徴がある。
【００１３】
本発明の請求項６の発明は、取り換え区間の埋設管と仮設管との間及び埋設管周辺の空隙に充填材としてモルタル又は浸透性があって強度のでる薬液若しくはモルタルと薬液の両方を充填し、当該充填材を埋設管内で硬化させた後、掘削機によって少なくとも埋設管及び充填材を破砕するようにしたことに特徴がある。
【００１４】
本発明の請求項７の発明は、掘削機によって埋設管及び充填材の破砕と仮設管の押し出しと流体の排出を行う工程に於いて、カッタヘッド前面の回転中心位置に、下水等の流体が通過する複数の通過穴を有し且つ仮設管の外径と同径若しくは仮設管の外径よりも小径に形成された半球状の押圧体を取り付け固定し、この半球状の押圧体で仮設管の一端部を押圧するようにしたことに特徴がある。
【００１５】
本発明の請求項８の発明は、掘削機によって埋設管及び充填材の破砕と仮設管の押し出しと流体の排出を行う工程に於いて、仮設管を押圧体で到達立坑側へ押し出しつつ到達立坑側から埋設管を引き抜くようにしたことに特徴がある。
【００１６】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の実施の形態を図面に基づいて詳細に説明する。
図１は本発明の実施の形態に係る老朽埋設管１の更新工法の各工程を示すブロック図であり、Ａは更新を要する埋設管１（老朽化した埋設管１や破損した埋設管１）の取り換え区間の両側位置に発進立坑２及び到達立坑３を構築する工程、Ｂは取り換え区間の埋設管１内の中心位置（軸心位置）に下水や雨水等の流体を流す金属製の仮設管Ｐを配設する工程、Ｃは取り換え区間の埋設管１と仮設管Ｐとの間及び埋設管１周辺の空隙に充填材４を充填して埋設管１を補強する工程、Ｄは発進立坑２及び到達立坑３に掘削機５等の各種機械設備等を設置する工程、Ｅは発進立坑２から掘削機５によって少なくとも埋設管１及び充填材４を破砕しながらその破砕片を発進立坑２側へ排出すると共に、仮設管Ｐを到達立坑３側へ押し出しながら仮設管Ｐ内を流れていた下水等の流体を発進立坑２側へ排出する工程、Ｆは掘削機５によって埋設管１及び充填材４の破砕と仮設管Ｐの押し出しと下水等の流体の排出を行いながら埋設管１及び充填材４等が取り除かれた空間に新しい埋設管１５を推進埋設する工程、Ｇは発進立坑２及び到達立坑３から掘削機５等の各種機械設備等を撤去する工程、Ｈは発進立坑２及び到達立坑３を埋め戻して地盤を元の状態に戻す復旧作業を行う工程である。
【００１７】
図２及び図３は本発明の工法を実施するために使用する掘削機５等の各種機械設備を発進立坑２側及び到達立坑３側に設置した状態を示すものであり、図２及び図３に於いて、１は既設の埋設管、Ｐは仮設管、５は掘削機、６は掘削機５の先導管、７は掘削機５の推進装置、８は充填材充填装置、９は油圧ユニット、１０は発電機、１１はバルブユニット、１２はコントロールユニット、１３はトラッククレーン、１４はダンプカー、１５は新しい埋設管（ヒューム管）、１６は工具箱である。
【００１８】
前記仮設管Ｐは、取り換え区間の埋設管１内の中心位置（軸心位置）に一本だけ配設されており、取り換え区間の埋設管１内に充填材４を充填した際に取り換え区間の上流側に位置する埋設管１内の下水や雨水を取り換え区間の下流側に位置する埋設管１内へ流す役目をするものである。
この仮設管Ｐには、埋設管１の破損によって埋設管１内に多量の土砂が詰まっている場合でも、仮設管Ｐを油圧ジャッキ（図示省略）等で埋設管１内へ圧入できるように金属製の管（この例では鋼管）が使用されている。
又、仮設管Ｐの一端部（仮設管Ｐの発進立坑２側に位置する端部）には、図５及び図６に示す如く、内周縁部に凹状の球面部１７ａを形成した金属製の短い補強管１７（鋼管）が挿着されており、仮設管Ｐの一端部内周面に溶接により取り付け固定されている。この補強管１７は、仮設管Ｐを押し出す際に仮設管Ｐの端部の破損を防止するものである。
更に、仮設管Ｐの外周面には、取り換え区間の埋設管１内に充填材４を充填したときに充填材４と仮設管Ｐとが固着するのを防止する油性や水性等の離型剤が塗布されている。これによって、仮設管Ｐを充填材４の中からスムーズに取り出せることになる。
【００１９】
尚、埋設管１内に配設される仮設管Ｐの径は、取り換え区間の埋設管１の上流側にある下水や雨水を取り換え区間の埋設管１の下流側へ確実且つ良好に流すことができるように設定され、又、仮設管Ｐの強度は、充填材４の中にある仮設管Ｐを押し出すときに仮設管Ｐが変形しないように設定されている。例えば、直径が２５０ｍｍ〜７００ｍｍの埋設管１の場合、管径８０Ａ（外径８９．１ｍｍ）〜１５０Ａ（外径１６５．２ｍｍ）の仮設管Ｐ（鋼管）が埋設管１内に配設される。更に、仮設管Ｐは、発進立坑２内や到達立坑３内から埋設管１内に挿入できる長さに形成されており、埋設管１内に圧入するときに発進立坑２内や到達立坑３内で順次接続されてから埋設管１内に圧入されるようになっている。
【００２０】
前記掘削機５は、発進立坑２から少なくとも埋設管１及び充填材４を破砕しながらその破砕片を発進立坑２側へ排出すると共に、仮設管Ｐを到達立坑３側へ押し出しながら仮設管Ｐ内を流れていた下水や雨水を前記破砕片と一緒に発進立坑２側へ排出し、埋設管１、充填材４及び仮設管Ｐが取り除かれた空間に新しい埋設管１５を推進埋設することができるものであり、埋設管１及び充填材４を破砕、掘削しながら仮設管Ｐを押し出す先導管６と、先導管６や新しい埋設管１５を推進させる推進装置７とから構成されている。
この実施の形態に於いては、掘削機５には、コンパクトな占用スペースで充分な推力、掘削力が得られる小口径管推進工法（アイアンモール工法：ＴＰ７５ＳＣＬやＴＰ９０Ｓ、ＴＰ９５Ｓ）に用いられる掘削機５（特開平５−１４１１８５号公報等に開示された掘削機）が使用されている。例えば、掘削機５には、推進力が１９６０ｋＮ、掘削力が１９．６ｋＮｍの掘削機５が使用されている。
【００２１】
尚、小口径管推進工法とは、発進立坑２から先端に先導管６を装備したヒューム管等の管を油圧ジャッキで地中に押し込んで管路を形成する工法であり、従来の開削工法よりも経済性や安全面に優れていると共に、交通を遮断することなく軌道下や道路下に管を布設することができ、然も、低騒音・無振動で現場周辺の住民への影響を最小限に抑えられる等、優れた利点を有する工法である。
【００２２】
前記掘削機５の先導管６は、図３及び図１３に示す如く、先端にモータ（図示省略）により回転駆動されるカッタヘッド６Ａを装着した筒状の揺動部６Ｂと、揺動部６Ｂに連結され、止水及び掘削土の排出量を制御するピンチ弁（図示省略）を内蔵した筒状のピンチ弁部６Ｃと、ピンチ弁部６Ｃに連結され、発進立坑２内に配設したレーザトランシット（図示省略）からのレーザ光を受けてレーザ光軸に対する位置と姿勢角（方向）を計測するレーザターゲット（図示省略）を内蔵した筒状のレーザターゲット部６Ｄとから構成されている。
又、先導管６は、その内部に揺動部６Ｂ先端からレーザターゲット部６Ｄ後端に亘ってスクリューコンベヤ（図示省略）が挿着されており、カッタヘッド６Ａにより破砕された掘削土や下水等の流体を後方へ排出できるようになっている。
更に、先導管６は、揺動部６Ｂとピンチ弁部６Ｃとの間に揺動部６Ｂをピンチ弁部６Ｃに対して揺動操作する揺動シリンダ（図示省略）が介設されており、揺動シリンダの伸縮により揺動部６Ｂをピンチ弁部６Ｃに対して屈曲させ、先導管６の進行方向を曲げたり、ズレを修正したりすることができるようになっている。
【００２３】
そして、先導管６の先端に装着したカッタヘッド６Ａは、図４乃至図６に示す如く、埋設管１等を破砕する回転自在な複数のディスクカッタ６ａと、埋設管１等の破砕片や下水等を取り込む開口６ｂと、仮設管Ｐの一端部を押圧する押圧体６ｃとを備えており、埋設管１及び充填材４を破砕しながらその破砕片を先導管６内のスクリューコンベヤに取り込めると共に、仮設管Ｐを押し出しながら仮設管Ｐ内を流れて来た下水や雨水を先導管６内のスクリューコンベヤに取り込める構成となっている。
前記押圧体６ｃは、図５に示す如く、仮設管Ｐの外径よりも小径で且つ内部が中空の半球状に形成されており、内面側に設けた軸部６ｃ″をカッタヘッド６Ａ前面の中心部（回転中心位置）に溶接することによって凸状の球面が前方を向く姿勢でカッタヘッド６Ａ前面に取り付けられている。この押圧体６ｃの凸状の球面は、その曲率が仮設管Ｐに設けた補強管１７の凹状の曲面部１７ａの曲率と同じに形成されており、押圧体６ｃを補強管１７に押し当てたときに押圧体６ｃが補強管１７に対して自由に向きを変えられるようになっている（図６参照）。
又、押圧体６ｃは、下水や雨水が通過する複数の通過穴６ｃ′を有しており、押圧体６ｃを仮設管Ｐに設けた補強管１７に押し当てたときに仮設管Ｐ内を流れて来た下水や雨水が複数の通過穴６ｃ′を通ってカッタヘッド６Ａの開口６ｂから先導管６内のスクリューコンベヤ内に流れ込むように構成されている。
【００２４】
一方、掘削機５の推進装置７は、図１０に示す如く、先導管６及び新しい埋設管１５を載置して案内する架台１８と、架台１８に前進及び後退可能に設けられ、先導管６の後端及び新しい埋設管１５の後端に当接する押し板１９と、架台１８に支持され、押し板１９を前進及び後退させる油圧シリンダ２０と、押し板１９に設けられ、先導管６内のスクリューコンベヤを回転駆動させる油圧モータ等の駆動部２１等から構成されている。この推進装置７は、全ての部材が発進立坑２の内部で組立及び分解が可能となっており、分解された状態で発進立坑２の内外へ搬入・搬出できるようになっている。
【００２５】
前記充填材充填装置８は、更新を要する埋設管１の取り換え区間にある既設の埋設管１を掘削機５で破砕する際に、そのときの衝撃により埋設管１の前方が座屈、粉砕しないよう取り換え区間にある埋設管１内及び埋設管１周辺の空隙に充填材４（この例では、セメントと砂を水で練り合わせたモルタル）を充填して埋設管１とその周辺の地盤を補強するために用いるものである。
即ち、充填材充填装置８は、容器内に投入したセメント、砂及び水を攪拌羽根により練り混ぜて未固化のモルタルを生成するミキサー８ａと、ミキサー８ａにより生成されたモルタルを圧送するポンプ（図示省略）と、モルタルを移送する移送ホース８ｂ等から構成されており、ミキサー８ａにより生成された未固化のモルタルをポンプで圧送して移送ホース８ｂにより埋設管１内に流し込めるようになっている。
【００２６】
次に、老朽化により破損して内部に土砂が詰まっている軌道下の埋設管１（ヒューム管）を上述した仮設管Ｐや掘削機５、充填材充填装置８等を用いて新しい埋設管１５に取り換える場合について説明する。
【００２７】
先ず、更新を要する埋設管１の取り換え区間の両側位置（線路の両脇）に発進立坑２及び到達立坑３を夫々構築する（図７参照）。
即ち、線路脇の路盤をショベルカーや人力により掘り下げて立坑を形成しつつ、所定寸法掘り下げる毎に立坑内に平面形状が円弧状の土留め用のライナープレート（図示省略）を環状に組み立てて行く。この作業を埋設管１が完全に露出するまで繰り返すことにより発進立坑２及び到達立坑３が構築される。このとき、発進立坑２は、埋設管１の取り換え区間の下流側位置に構築し、到達立坑３は、埋設管１の取り換え区間の上流側位置に構築する。
又、発進立坑２及び到達立坑３を構築したら、各立坑２，３の底部に露出する埋設管１を取り除くと共に、発進立坑２の下流側に位置する埋設管１の端部と到達立坑３の上流側に位置する埋設管１の端部に鋼管等の筒状の補強部材２２を挿入して埋設管１の端部を補強する。
【００２８】
尚、発進立坑２及び到達立坑３は、小口径管推進工法（ＴＰ７５ＳＣＬ）に用いる掘削機５を使用しているために小さくすることができ、広い用地を確保できないような場所でも構築することができる。例えば、ＴＰ７５ＳＣＬの場合、発進立坑２の内径は２５００ｍｍで済み、又、到達立坑３の内径は、埋設管１の直径が３５０ｍｍのときには１２００ｍｍ、埋設管１の直径が４００ｍｍ〜５００ｍｍのときには１５００ｍｍで夫々済む。更に、発進立坑２側の作業用スペースＳ１は３ｍ×２０ｍの面積で済み、到達立坑３側の作業用スペースＳ２は２．５ｍ×１２ｍの面積で済む。
【００２９】
又、用地を十分に取れるような場合には、小口径管推進工法のＴＰ９０ＳやＴＰ９５Ｓを使用するようにしても良い。この場合、発進立坑２は、長径が６０００ｍｍで短径が２５００ｍｍの楕円形となる。又、到達立坑３の内径は、埋設管１の直径が７００ｍｍのときには１８００ｍｍとなる。
【００３０】
線路脇の路盤に発進立坑２及び到達立坑３を構築したら、次に取り換え区間にある埋設管１内の中心位置に金属製の仮設管Ｐ（外周面に離型剤が塗布されていると共に、発進立坑２側に位置する端部に金属製の補強管１７が取り付け固定された仮設管Ｐ）を配設すると共に、仮設管Ｐを発進立坑２及び到達立坑３内に夫々配置した閉塞板２３で位置決めして支持する（図８参照）。
即ち、内部に土砂が詰まっている埋設管１内の中心位置に仮設管Ｐを油圧ジャッキ（図示省略）等を用いて圧入して行き、埋設管１内に仮設管Ｐを配設する。このとき、金属製の仮設管Ｐ（鋼管）を使用しているため、内部に土砂が詰まっている埋設管１内に仮設管Ｐを圧入しても、仮設管Ｐが曲がったり、破損したりすると云うことがない。その結果、仮設管Ｐは、埋設管１内に確実且つ良好に圧入されて行き、埋設管１内の中心位置に配設されることになる。
そして、埋設管１内の中心位置に仮設管Ｐを配設したら、発進立坑２及び到達立坑３内に閉塞板２３を配置してこの閉塞板２３で埋設管１の開口端部を閉塞すると共に、閉塞板２３に形成した穴に仮設管Ｐの端部を挿入して仮設管Ｐを閉塞板２３で位置決めして支持する（図８参照）。
尚、仮設管Ｐを埋設管１内に圧入したときに仮設管Ｐ内に埋設管１内の土砂が入り込むが、この土砂はポンプ及び噴射ノズル（何れも図示省略）を用いて水圧により仮設管Ｐ外へ排出する。これによって、仮設管Ｐは、下水や雨水等を流せる状態となる。
【００３１】
取り換え区間にある埋設管１内に仮設管Ｐを配設したら、埋設管１と仮設管Ｐとの間及び埋設管１周辺の空隙に充填材４（モルタル）を充填して埋設管１及びその周辺の地盤を補強する。これは老朽化した埋設管１を掘削機５により破砕、掘削する際に埋設管１の前方が座屈、粉砕しないようにするためである。又、充填材４（モルタル）は、埋設管１内に配設された仮設管Ｐを保持する役目も果たす。
【００３２】
埋設管１と仮設管Ｐとの空間への充填材４（モルタル）の充填は、発進立坑２側及び到達立坑３側に開口している埋設管１の開口端を空気抜き２４付きの閉塞板２３で夫々閉塞し、この状態で地上に設置している充填材充填装置８のミキサー８ａ内の未固化の充填材４（モルタル）をポンプ及び埋設管１の両端に配設した移送ホース８ｂを通じて埋設管１と仮設管Ｐとの間に圧送（充填材４の注入圧：１〜２ｋｇ／ｃｍ^２）することにより行われる（図９参照）。
このとき、埋設管１の両側位置（発進立坑２側及び到達立坑３側）から埋設管１内に充填材４（モルタル）を充填するようにしているため、充填材４（モルタル）を埋設管１内に短時間で充填することができると共に、埋設管１内に空隙を形成することなく、埋設管１内及びその周辺の空隙に充填材４（モルタル）を確実に充填することができる。又、埋設管１の両側位置から埋設管１内に充填材４（モルタル）を充填するようにしているため、埋設管１内に土砂が詰まって埋設管１の途中が閉塞された状態になっていても、埋設管１内及びその周辺の空隙に充填材４（モルタル）を確実に充填することができる。更に、埋設管１内に仮設管Ｐを配設しているため、埋設管１と仮設管Ｐとの空間の容積が小さくなり、充填材４の使用量が少なくて済む。その上、埋設管１内に充填材４（モルタル）を充填しても、埋設管１内に仮設管Ｐを配設しているため、到達立坑３の上流側の埋設管１内を流れて来た下水や雨水が到達立坑３で溢れると云うことがなく、下水や雨水は仮設管Ｐ及び発進立坑２を順次通って発進立坑２の下流側の埋設管１内へ流れて行く。
そして、埋設管１内への充填材４（モルタル）の充填により埋設管１と仮設管Ｐとの空間及び埋設管１周辺の空隙が完全に埋められたら、ポンプによる充填材４（モルタル）の圧送を停止する。
【００３３】
取り換え区間にある埋設管１内に充填材４（モルタル）を充填したら、その次に発進立坑２及び到達立坑３の周囲にトラッククレーン１３やダンプカー１４を配置すると共に、発進立坑２内及び発進立坑２の周囲に掘削機５やこれを駆動制御する油圧ユニット９及びコントロールユニット１２等の各種機械設備を設置し、埋設管１内の充填材４（モルタル）が固化するのを待つ。
【００３４】
埋設管１内の充填材４（モルタル）が完全に硬化したら、小口径管推進工法に用いる掘削機５により埋設管１及び充填材４を破砕しつつその破砕片を発進立坑２側へ排出すると共、カッタヘッド６Ａ前面に取り付けた押圧体６ｃによって仮設管Ｐの一端部を押して仮設管Ｐを到達立坑３側へ押し出しつつ仮設管Ｐ内を流れていた下水や雨水を押圧体６ｃ及び先導管６を通して発進立坑２側へ排出する。
【００３５】
前記工程を行う場合には、先ず先導管６をカッタヘッド６Ａ及び揺動部６Ｂとピンチ弁部６Ｃとレーザターゲット部６Ｄとに３分割して発進させる。
具体的には、カッタヘッド６Ａ前面に取り付けた押圧体６ｃを仮設管Ｐの一端部に取り付け固定した補強管１７に押し当て、この状態でカッタヘッド６Ａ及び揺動部６Ｂをカッタヘッド６Ａを回転させながら推進装置７により推進させる。そうすると、カッタヘッド６Ａ及び揺動部６Ｂは、回転駆動しているカッタヘッド６Ａにより埋設管１及び固化した充填材４（モルタル）を破砕しながら推進される。又、カッタヘッド６Ａに取り付けた押圧体６ｃは、カッタヘッド６Ａ及び揺動部６Ｂの推進に伴って仮設管Ｐの一端部を押圧して仮設管Ｐを到達立坑３側へ押し出して行く（図１０及び図１１参照）。
次に、揺動部６Ｂにピンチ弁部６Ｃを接続し、カッタヘッド６Ａを回転させて埋設管１及び充填材４（モルタル）を破砕しながらカッタヘッド６Ａ及び揺動部６Ｂとピンチ弁部６Ｃとを推進装置７により推進させると共に、押圧体６ｃにより仮設管Ｐの一端部を押圧して仮設管Ｐを到達立坑３側へ押し出して行く（図１２参照）。
その後、ピンチ弁部６Ｃにレーザターゲット部６Ｄを接続し、カッタヘッド６Ａを回転させて埋設管１及び充填材４（モルタル）を破砕しながらカッタヘッド６Ａ及び揺動部６Ｂとピンチ弁部６Ｃとレーザターゲット部６Ｄとを推進装置７により推進させると共に、押圧体６ｃにより仮設管Ｐの一端部を押圧して仮設管Ｐを到達立坑３側へ押し出して行く（図１３参照）。
【００３６】
そして、カッタヘッド６Ａにより破砕された埋設管１及び充填材４（モルタル）は、先導管６内に内蔵されたスクリューコンベヤにより発進立坑２側へ順次排出されて行き、発進立坑２の下流側の埋設管１が詰まらないように発進立坑２から地上へ回収される。
一方、先導管６の推進に伴って押圧体６ｃにより到達立坑３側へ順次押し出された仮設管Ｐは、発進立坑２内で適当な長さに切断されてから地上へ回収される。又、仮設管Ｐ内を流れていた下水や雨水は、押圧体６ｃの通過穴６ｃ′及びカッタヘッド６Ａの開口６ｂを経て先導管６内に内蔵されたスクリューコンベヤに流れ込み、スクリューコンベヤにより発進立坑２側へ排出されて行き、発進立坑２からその下流側にある埋設管１内へ順次流れて行く。
【００３７】
尚、押圧体６ｃは、仮設管Ｐの外径よりも小径に形成されているため、埋設管１内の硬化した充填材４に引っ掛かることなく、仮設管Ｐのみを押圧することができる。その結果、仮設管Ｐは、その外周面に離型剤が塗布されていることとも相俟って、押圧体６ｃによって到達立坑３側へ確実且つ良好に押し出されることになる。
又、押圧体６ｃは、その凸状の球面を仮設管Ｐの端部に設けた補強管１７の凹状の曲面部１７ａに押し当て、この状態で仮設管Ｐの一端部を押圧するようにしているため、先導管６の進行方向が曲げられたり、先導管６のズレが修正されたりした場合でも、仮設管Ｐに設けた補強管１７に確実且つ良好に押し当てられることになる。その結果、押圧体６ｃは、先導管６の向きやズレが修正された場合でも、仮設管Ｐを確実且つ良好に押し出すことができる。
更に、押圧体６ｃは、カッタヘッド６Ａ前面の回転中心位置に取り付け固定されているため、カッタヘッド６Ａが回転しても仮設管Ｐに対して位置が変わることがなく、仮設管Ｐを確実に押圧することができる。
【００３８】
そして、先導管６が一定距離だけ推進されると、先導管６の後端に新しい埋設管１５を接続すると共に、埋設管１５に内蔵されているスクリューコンベヤ２５を先導管６内のスクリューコンベヤ（図示省略）に接続した後、カッタヘッド６Ａを回転させて埋設管１及び充填材４（モルタル）を破砕しながら新しい埋設管１５を推進装置７により推進させて埋設して行く（図１４参照）。このとき、埋設管１等の破砕変と仮設管Ｐ内の下水や雨水は、先導管６内のスクリューコンベヤと新しい埋設管１５内のスクリューコンベヤ２５により発進立坑２側へ排出される。又、仮設管Ｐは、先導管６及び新しい埋設管１５の推進に伴って押圧体６ｃにより到達立坑３側へ押し出される。
【００３９】
以下、この作業を繰り返し行うことによって必要本数の新しい埋設管１５を順次埋設して行き、取り換え区間にある既設の埋設管１を全て新しい埋設管１５に取り換える。このとき、到達立坑３の上流側の埋設管１内を流れて来た下水や雨水が到達立坑３、仮設管Ｐ及び発進立坑２を順次通って発進立坑２の下流側の埋設管１内へ流れて行くため、取り換え区間にある埋設管１を新しい埋設管１５に取り換える際に下水や雨水を流しながら埋設管１の取り換えを行える。
【００４０】
尚、先導管６及び埋設管１５の推進中は、発進立坑２側よりレーザトランシットから測量用レーザビームを飛ばし、先導管６内にあるレーザターゲットに読み取らせ、コントロールユニット１２に映るデータから先導管６の姿勢を確認し、推進力・掘削力を充分に把握した上で添加剤、活材の注入量の決定し、更に、掘削残土をピンチ弁により制御してスクリューコンベヤにより排出するようになっている。今回の場合、老朽埋設管１及び充填材４を破砕、掘削する場合、掘削条件が一定であるため、ピンチ弁の機能は不必要になると思われる。
又、埋設管１内に充填材４（モルタル）を充填して固化させているため、掘削機５による埋設管１の破砕、掘削時に路盤が陥没すると云うことがなく、掘削作業を良好且つ確実に行える。
更に、埋設管１が充填材４（モルタル）の充填によって中実状になっているため、埋設管１をカッタヘッド６Ａで破砕しても大きな破砕片となることがなく、破砕片を先導管６内に確実に取り込むことができ、破砕片の排出処理が確実となる。
そのうえ、埋設管１内に充填材４（モルタル）を充填しているため、掘削条件が一定になって一定のスピードで既設の埋設管１及び充填材４（モルタル）を破砕することができ、日進量も大きくスムーズな施工を行える。
【００４１】
先導管６及び新しい埋設管１５の推進によって先導管６が到達立坑３に到達したら、到達立坑３から先導管６を複数に分割してトラッククレーン１３で回収する（図１５参照）。又、図１６に示すように既設の埋設管１を全て新しい埋設管１５に取り換えたら、埋設管１内に残っているスクリューコンベヤ２５を発進立坑２又は到達立坑３から順次回収し、その後掘削機５等の各種機械設備を撤去すると共に、発進立坑２及び到達立坑３内で新しい埋設管１５と既設の埋設管１を継ぎ管（図示省略）で接続し、最後に発進立坑２及び到達立坑３を埋め戻して線路脇の路盤を元の状態にする。
【００４２】
尚、上記実施の形態に於いては、ライナープレートを用いて平面形状が円形の発進立坑２及び到達立坑３を形成するようにしたが、他の実施の形態に於いては、鋼板製の矢板を用いて平面形状が矩形の発進立坑２及び到達立坑３を形成するようにしても良い。
【００４３】
上記実施の形態に於いては、仮設管Ｐの一端部に金属製の補強管１７を取り付け固定し、仮設管Ｐの一端部を補強管１７で補強するようにしたが、仮設管Ｐの肉厚が厚くて仮設管Ｐの一端部を押圧体６ｃで押圧しても、仮設管Ｐが変形したり、破損したりしない場合には、補強管１７を省略しても良い。この場合、仮設管Ｐの一端部内周縁部に押圧体６ｃの凸状の球面と同じ曲率の凹状の球面部を形成することが好ましい。
【００４４】
上記実施の形態に於いては、埋設管１内に仮設管Ｐを油圧ジャッキ等を用いて圧入するようにしたが、埋設管１内に土砂が詰まっていない場合には、仮設管Ｐを手作業により埋設管１内に挿入するようにしても良い。
【００４５】
上記実施の形態に於いては、充填材４にモルタルを使用するようにしたが、充填材４はモルタルに限定されるものではなく、掘削時に埋設管１の前方が座屈、粉砕しないように埋設管１を補強できるものであれば良い。例えば、モルタルの替わりに充填材４として浸透性があって強度のでる薬液（例えば、ＬＷや電化ＥＳ（何れも商品名）等）を使用するようにしても良い。又、充填材４としてモルタルと薬液の両方を使用するようにしても良い。更に、充填材４としてセメントと砂と砂利を混合して水で練った生コンクリートを使用するようにしても良い。
【００４６】
上記実施の形態に於いては、埋設管１の取り換え区間の両側位置（発進立坑２側及び到達立坑３側）から埋設管１内へ充填材４（モルタル）を充填するようにしたが、他の実施の形態に於いては、埋設管１の取り換え区間の片側位置（発進立坑２側又は到達立坑３側）から埋設管１内へ充填材４（モルタル）を充填するようにしても良い。
【００４７】
上記実施の形態に於いては、埋設管１の取り換え区間の両側位置に発進立坑２及び到達立坑３を構築した後、埋設管１内に充填材４（モルタル）を充填するようにしたが、更新を要する埋設管１の両端が予め開放されているような場合には、埋設管１内に仮設管Ｐを配設して充填材４（モルタル）を充填し、その後埋設管１の取り換え区間の両側位置に発進立坑２及び到達立坑３を構築するようにしても良い。
【００４８】
上記実施の形態に於いては、押圧体６ｃを中空の半球状に形成し、押圧体６ｃの外殻部分に複数の通過穴６ｃ′を形成するようにしたが、他の実施の形態に於いては、図１７に示す如く、押圧体６ｃを中実の半球状に形成すると共に、押圧体６ｃの平面部分にカッタヘッド６Ａ前面の中心位置に溶接により固着される軸部６ｃ″を形成し、押圧体６ｃの軸部６ｃ″を外れた位置に複数の通過穴６ｃ′を形成するようにしても良い。又、上記実施の形態に於いては、押圧体６ｃの外径を仮設管１の外径よりも小径に形成したが、押圧体６ｃの外径を仮設管１の外径と同径に形成するようにしても良い。
【００４９】
上記実施の形態に於いては、先導管６を推進させるときに仮設管Ｐをカッタヘッド６Ａに設けた押圧体６ｃで到達立坑３側へ押し出すようにしているが、他の実施の形態に於いては、仮設管Ｐを押圧体６ｃで到達立坑３側へ押し出しつつ到達立坑３側に配設した油圧ジャッキ（図示省略）等で仮設管Ｐを到達立坑３側へ引き抜くようにしても良い。
【００５０】
上記実施の形態に於いては、既設の埋設管１と新しい埋設管１５の径が同じであり、埋設管１と同じ位置に新しい埋設管１５を布設するようにしたが、他の実施の形態に於いては、既設の埋設管１と同じ位置に既設の埋設管１よりも大きい径の新しい埋設管１５を布設するようにしても良い。
【００５１】
【発明の効果】
上述の通り、本発明の請求項１の発明は、埋設管の取り換え区間の両側位置に発進立坑及び到達立坑を構築すると共に、取り換え区間の埋設管内に下水や雨水が流れる金属製の仮設管を配設し、埋設管と仮設管との間及び埋設管周辺の空隙に充填材を充填して既設の埋設管を補強した後、発進立坑から掘削機によって埋設管及び充填材を破砕しながらその破砕片を発進立坑側へ排出すると共に、仮設管を到達立坑側へ押し出しながら仮設管内を流れていた下水や雨水を発進立坑側へ排出し、埋設管、充填材及び仮設管が取り除かれた空間に新しい埋設管を推進埋設するようにしているため、軌道や道路を埋設管の取り換え区間全域に亘って掘削したり、或いは交通を遮断したりすることなく、下水や雨水を流しながら新しい埋設管を破損した埋設管と略同じ位置に短期間で経済的に且つ安全に布設することができる。
本発明の請求項２の発明は、金属製の仮設管を埋設管内に圧入するようにしているため、埋設管内に土砂が多量に詰まっている場合でも、仮設管を埋設管内に確実に配設することができる。又、仮設管内に入り込んだ土砂を水圧により排出するようにしているため、仮設管は上流側から流れて来た下水や雨水を下流側へ確実且つ良好に流すことができる。
本発明の請求項３の発明は、金属製の仮設管をその外周面に離型剤を塗布してから埋設管内に配設するようにしているため、埋設管と仮設管との間に充填材が充填されても、仮設管を充填材の中から簡単且つ容易に押し出すことができる。
本発明の請求項４の発明は、仮設管の端部に金属製の補強管を取り付け固定し、この仮設管を埋設管内に配設するようにしているため、仮設管を破損させることなく、押圧体によって押し出すことができる。
本発明の請求項５の発明は、埋設管の取り換え区間の両側位置から埋設管と仮設管との間及び埋設管周辺の空隙に充填材を充填するようにしているため、充填材を埋設管内に短時間で充填することができると共に、埋設管内及びその周辺に空隙を形成することなく、埋設管内及びその周辺の空隙に充填材を確実に充填することができる。又、埋設管の両側位置から埋設管内に充填材を充填するようにしているため、埋設管内に土砂が詰まって埋設管の途中が閉塞された状態になっていても、埋設管内及びその周辺の空隙に充填材を確実に充填することができる。
本発明の請求項６の発明は、取り換え区間の埋設管と仮設管との間及び埋設管周辺の空隙に充填材としてモルタル又は薬液若しくはモルタルと薬液の両方を充填し、当該充填材を硬化させた後、掘削機によって埋設管、充填材及び仮設管を破砕するようにしているため、既設の埋設管の破砕作業をより一層安全に良好且つ確実に行える。
本発明の請求項７の発明は、カッタヘッド前面の回転中心位置に、下水や雨水が通過する通過穴を有し且つ仮設管の外径と同径若しくは仮設管の外径よりも小径に形成された押圧体を取り付け、この押圧体で仮設管の一端部を押圧するようにしているため、押圧体が埋設管内の硬化した充填材に引っ掛かることなく、仮設管のみを押圧することができる。その結果、仮設管は、押圧体によって到達立坑側へ確実且つ良好に押し出されることになる。
又、押圧体が半球状に形成され、この半球状の押圧体で仮設管の一端部を押圧するようにしているため、先導管の進行方向が曲げられたり、先導管のズレが修正されたりした場合でも、押圧体は仮設管の一端部に確実且つ良好に押し当てられることになる。その結果、押圧体は、先導管の向きやズレが修正された場合でも、仮設管を到達立坑側へ確実且つ良好に押し出すことができる。
本発明の請求項８の発明は、仮設管を押圧体で到達立坑側へ押し出しつつ到達立坑側から仮設管を引き抜くようにしているため、仮設管を充填材の中から到達立坑側へ簡単且つ容易に取り出すことができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の実施の形態に係る老朽埋設管の更新工法の各工程を示すブロック図である。
【図２】本発明の工法を実施するために使用する各種機械設備を発進立坑側に設置した状態を示し、（Ａ）は発進立坑周囲の平面図、（Ｂ）は発進立坑周囲の縦断面図である。
【図３】本発明の工法を実施するために使用する各種機械設備を到達立坑側に設置した状態を示し、（Ａ）は到達立坑周囲の平面図、（Ｂ）は到達立坑周囲の縦断面図である。
【図４】先導管のカッタヘッドの正面図である。
【図５】カッタヘッド前面に設けた押圧体と仮設管の要部の拡大縦断面図である。
【図６】カッタヘッド前面に設けた押圧体を埋設管内に配設した仮設管の端部に押し当てた状態の一部を破断した部分側面図である。
【図７】更新を要する埋設管の取り換え区間の両側位置に発進立坑及び到達立坑を構築した状態を示す説明図である。
【図８】取り換え区間の埋設管内の中心位置に仮設管を配設する工程を示す説明図である。
【図９】取り換え区間の埋設管と仮設管との間に充填材を充填する工程を示す説明図である。
【図１０】先導管（カッタヘッド及び揺動部）の推進工程を示す説明図である。
【図１１】先導管（カッタヘッド及び揺動部）の推進工程を示す要部の拡大縦断面図である。
【図１２】先導管（カッタヘッド、揺動部及びピンチ弁部）の推進工程を示す説明図である。
【図１３】先導管（カッタヘッド、揺動部、ピンチ弁部及びレーザターゲット部）の推進工程を示す説明図である。
【図１４】先導管及び新しい埋設管の推進工程を示す説明図である。
【図１５】先導管を分割して回収する状態を示す説明図である。
【図１６】埋設管の取り換え区間に新しい埋設管を布設した状態を示す縦断面図である。
【図１７】カッタヘッド前面に設けた押圧体の他の例を示す拡大縦断面図である。
【図１８】従来の老朽埋設管の更新工法を示す説明図である。
【符号の説明】
１は既設の埋設管、２は発進立坑、３は到達立坑、４は充填材（モルタル）、５は掘削機、６は先導管、６Ａはカッタヘッド、６ｃは押圧体、６ｃ′は押圧体の通過穴、７は推進装置、１５は新しい埋設管、１７は補強管、１７ａは補強管の凹状の球面部、Ｐは仮設管。[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention deteriorates when buried pipes (concrete pipes and ceramic pipes) such as sewer pipes and drain pipes, which are mainly buried under tracks or under roads and flow fluid such as sewage or rainwater, are deteriorated. In connection with the renewal method of old buried pipes that replace existing buried pipes with new buried pipes, in particular, aging buried pipes that drain sewage and rainwater without excavating tracks and roads throughout the replacement section of buried pipes The present invention relates to a method for renewing an old buried pipe which can be economically and safely replaced with a new buried pipe in a short period of time.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Generally, many buried pipes (concrete pipes such as fume pipes and porcelain pipes) such as drain pipes for draining sewage and drain pipes for rainwater are buried under tracks or under roads. These buried pipes may be cracked or damaged due to aging. Moreover, even a relatively new buried pipe may be cracked or damaged under the influence of vibration, load, and the like generated by the running of a railway vehicle or an automobile.
[0003]
As described above, if the buried pipe having the crack or the broken buried pipe is left as it is, various problems are caused. For example, there arises a problem that sewage or rainwater flowing in the buried pipe leaks from the cracked or damaged portion to the periphery of the buried pipe to loosen the ground around the buried pipe or cause environmental pollution. In addition, there is a problem in that earth and sand around the buried pipe enters the buried pipe from a damaged portion of the buried pipe and clogs the buried pipe, or a ground is formed around the buried pipe and the ground collapses.
Therefore, in the case of cracked or damaged buried pipes, construction work is underway to replace them with new buried pipes before causing environmental pollution or collapse accidents.
[0004]
Conventionally, in the replacement work of buried pipes (sewage pipes and drain pipes, etc.) through which fluid such as sewage and rainwater flows, it is impossible to stop sewage and drainage for a long time, Construction work is being carried out using a method (IM Reverse Method) that allows the buried or damaged buried pipes to be replaced with new buried pipes.
[0005]
That is, in the method, as shown in FIG. 18, the water stop plug 31 is inserted into the buried pipe 30 on the upstream side and the downstream side of the buried pipe 30 in the replacement section, and the sewage or rainwater is discharged into the buried pipe 30 in the replacement section. And a bypass passage 32 is formed between the buried pipe 30 on the upstream side and the buried pipe 30 on the downstream side. While flowing into the buried pipe 30 on the side, the buried pipe 30 in the replacement section is crushed by the excavator 35 including the leading pipe 33 and the propulsion device 34, and a new buried pipe (not shown) is inserted into the space where the buried pipe 30 is removed. ) Is to be buried under propulsion.
In FIG. 18, reference numeral 36 denotes a pump, 37 denotes an automatic bypass unit, 38 denotes an engine-driven hydraulic unit, 39 denotes a hydraulic valve unit, and 40 denotes a control unit.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The above-mentioned construction method can replace a cracked or damaged part of the buried pipe 30 with a new buried pipe while flowing sewage or rainwater. Therefore, even when the amount of sewage is large or during the rainy season, There is an advantage that the replacement work of the buried pipe 30 can be performed without any problem.
However, in the conventional construction method, since the bypass path 32 has to be newly provided, there is a problem that the number of work steps is increased, which is troublesome, and that the construction period becomes long. In addition, there is a problem that equipment for forming the bypass passage 32 (the automatic bypass unit 37, the bypass pipe, the pump 36, the water stop plug 31, etc.) is required, and the cost is increased.
[0007]
The present invention has been made in view of such problems, and its purpose is to excavate tracks and roads throughout the replacement section of buried pipes, while flowing fluid such as sewage and rainwater. Renewal of aging buried pipes that enables economical and safe laying of new buried pipes in the same location as damaged buried pipes in a short period of time while removing buried pipes damaged by the small-diameter pipe propulsion method Is to provide.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the invention of claim 1 of the present invention comprises a step of constructing a start shaft and a reaching shaft at both sides of a replacement section of a buried pipe that requires renewal; A step of arranging a metal temporary pipe through which a fluid such as sewage flows, and a step of filling a gap between the embedded pipe and the temporary pipe in the replacement section and a space around the embedded pipe to reinforce the embedded pipe, Discharging at least the buried pipe and filler from the starting shaft and discharging the crushed pieces to the starting shaft by using an excavator comprising a leading pipe equipped with a rotatable cutter head at its tip and a propulsion device for propelling the same. At the same time, the fluid flowing through the temporary pipe is pushed through one end of the temporary pipe by a pressing body attached to the center of rotation of the front surface of the cutter head to push the temporary pipe toward the arrival shaft, and the crushed pieces are passed through the pressing body and the leading conduit. Together with the step of discharging to the starting shaft side, connecting a new buried pipe to the rear end of the leading pipe, crushing the buried pipe and filler, extruding the temporary pipe and discharging the fluid by the excavator, Propelling and embedding the pipe in the space from which the buried pipe, filler and temporary pipe have been removed.
[0009]
According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the step of arranging a metal temporary pipe at a center position in the buried pipe in the replacement section, the metal temporary pipe is buried when earth and sand are clogged in the buried pipe. It is characterized in that the sediment that has been pressed into the pipe and entered the temporary pipe is discharged by water pressure.
[0010]
According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the step of arranging a metal temporary pipe at a center position in the buried pipe in the replacement section, the metal temporary pipe is coated with a release agent on its outer peripheral surface. It is characterized in that it is arranged in a buried pipe.
[0011]
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the step of arranging a metal temporary pipe at a center position in a buried pipe in a replacement section, a metal reinforcing pipe having a concave spherical portion formed on an inner peripheral edge thereof is provided. It is characterized in that the temporary pipe is attached and fixed to the inner peripheral surface at one end, and the temporary pipe is disposed in the buried pipe.
[0012]
According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the step of filling the space between the buried pipe and the temporary pipe in the replacement section and the space around the buried pipe with the filler, the buried pipe is replaced from both sides of the replacement section of the buried pipe. It is characterized in that a filler is filled between the temporary pipe.
[0013]
The invention according to claim 6 of the present invention is characterized in that a mortar or a permeable and high-strength liquid chemical or both a mortar and a liquid chemical are filled as fillers between the buried pipe and the temporary pipe in the replacement section and in the gap around the buried pipe. After the filler is hardened in the buried pipe, at least the buried pipe and the filler are crushed by an excavator.
[0014]
According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the step of crushing a buried pipe and a filling material, extruding a temporary pipe, and discharging a fluid by an excavator, a fluid such as sewage is placed at a rotation center position on a front surface of a cutter head. A hemispherical pressing body having a plurality of passage holes passing therethrough and having the same diameter as the outer diameter of the temporary pipe or smaller than the outer diameter of the temporary pipe is mounted and fixed, and the temporary pipe is fixed with the hemispherical pressing body. Is characterized in that one end is pressed.
[0015]
The invention according to claim 8 of the present invention is directed to a process of crushing a buried pipe and a filling material, extruding a temporary pipe, and discharging a fluid by an excavator, wherein the temporary pipe is pushed out to a reaching shaft side by a pressing body while reaching a reaching shaft. The feature is that the buried pipe is pulled out from the side.
[0016]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing each step of a method of renewing an old buried pipe 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention, where A is a buried pipe 1 requiring renewal (an old buried pipe 1 or a damaged buried pipe 1). A step of constructing the starting shaft 2 and the reaching shaft 3 at both sides of the replacement section of the section, and B is a metal temporary pipe through which fluid such as sewage or rainwater flows at a central position (axial position) in the buried pipe 1 of the replacement section. P is a step of arranging P, C is a step of filling the space between the buried pipe 1 and the temporary pipe P in the replacement section and the space around the buried pipe 1 with the filler 4 to reinforce the buried pipe 1, and D is a starting shaft 2 And a step of installing various mechanical equipment such as an excavator 5 in the reaching shaft 3, E crushing at least the buried pipe 1 and the filler 4 from the starting shaft 2 by the excavator 5 and moving the crushed pieces to the starting shaft 2 side. While discharging, the temporary pipe P is pushed out to the reaching shaft 3 side while the temporary pipe P is pushed out. In the step of discharging the fluid such as sewage flowing in the inside to the starting shaft 2 side, F excavates the buried pipe 1 and the filler 4, pushes out the temporary pipe P, and discharges the fluid such as sewage by the excavator 5. The step of propelling and burying a new buried pipe 15 in the space from which the buried pipe 1 and the filler 4 have been removed, the step of removing various mechanical equipment such as the excavator 5 from the starting shaft 2 and the reaching shaft 3, and the step of H In this step, the starting shaft 2 and the reaching shaft 3 are backfilled to perform a restoration operation to return the ground to the original state.
[0017]
2 and 3 show a state in which various types of mechanical equipment such as an excavator 5 used for carrying out the method of the present invention are installed on the starting shaft 2 and the reaching shaft 3, respectively. In the figure, 1 is an existing buried pipe, P is a temporary pipe, 5 is an excavator, 6 is a leading pipe of the excavator 5, 7 is a propulsion device of the excavator 5, 8 is a filler filling device, and 9 is a hydraulic unit. Reference numeral 10 denotes a generator, 11 denotes a valve unit, 12 denotes a control unit, 13 denotes a truck crane, 14 denotes a dump truck, 15 denotes a new buried pipe (fume pipe), and 16 denotes a tool box.
[0018]
Only one temporary pipe P is provided at the center position (axial position) in the buried pipe 1 in the replacement section, and when the filler 4 is filled in the buried pipe 1 in the replacement section, the temporary pipe P It serves to flow sewage and rainwater in the buried pipe 1 located on the upstream side into the buried pipe 1 located on the downstream side of the replacement section.
Even if a large amount of earth and sand is clogged in the buried pipe 1 due to the breakage of the buried pipe 1, a metal such that the temporary pipe P can be pressed into the buried pipe 1 with a hydraulic jack (not shown) or the like. (A steel pipe in this example) is used.
As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, one end of the temporary pipe P (the end located on the starting shaft 2 side of the temporary pipe P) is made of metal having a concave spherical portion 17a formed on the inner peripheral edge. A short reinforcing pipe 17 (steel pipe) is inserted and fixed to the inner peripheral surface of one end of the temporary pipe P by welding. The reinforcing pipe 17 prevents the end of the temporary pipe P from being damaged when the temporary pipe P is pushed out.
Furthermore, on the outer peripheral surface of the temporary pipe P, a release agent such as an oily or water-based release agent for preventing the filler 4 and the temporary pipe P from sticking when the filler 4 is filled in the buried pipe 1 in the replacement section. Is applied. Thereby, the temporary pipe P can be smoothly taken out of the filler 4.
[0019]
The diameter of the temporary pipe P provided in the buried pipe 1 is such that sewage or rainwater upstream of the buried pipe 1 in the replacement section can flow reliably and well downstream of the buried pipe 1 in the replacement section. The strength of the temporary pipe P is set so that the temporary pipe P in the filler 4 is not deformed when the temporary pipe P is extruded. For example, in the case of the buried pipe 1 having a diameter of 250 mm to 700 mm, a temporary pipe P (steel pipe) having a pipe diameter of 80 A (outer diameter 89.1 mm) to 150 A (outer diameter 165.2 mm) is disposed in the buried pipe 1. . Further, the temporary pipe P is formed to have a length that can be inserted into the buried pipe 1 from within the starting shaft 2 or the reaching shaft 3, and is inserted into the starting shaft 2 or the reaching shaft 3 when pressed into the buried pipe 1. And then press-fit into the buried pipe 1.
[0020]
The excavator 5 crushes at least the buried pipe 1 and the filler 4 from the starting shaft 2, discharges the crushed pieces to the starting shaft 2 side, and pushes out the temporary tube P to the reaching shaft 3 side while extruding the temporary tube P into the reaching shaft 3. The sewage and rainwater flowing through the drainage pipe are discharged to the starting shaft 2 together with the crushed pieces, and the new buried pipe 15 can be propelled and buried in the space from which the buried pipe 1, the filler 4 and the temporary pipe P have been removed. It comprises a front pipe 6 for pushing out the temporary pipe P while crushing and excavating the buried pipe 1 and the filler 4, and a propulsion device 7 for propelling the front pipe 6 and a new buried pipe 15.
In this embodiment, the excavator 5 has an excavator used in a small-diameter pipe propulsion method (iron molding method: TP75SCL, TP90S, TP95S) capable of obtaining a sufficient thrust and excavating force in a compact private space. No. 5 (excavator disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-141185) is used. For example, the excavator 5 has a propulsion force of 1960 kN and an excavation force of 19.6 kNm.
[0021]
The small-diameter pipe propulsion method is a method in which a pipe such as a fume pipe equipped with a leading pipe 6 at the tip from the starting shaft 2 is pushed into the ground with a hydraulic jack to form a pipe, and the conventional drilling method is used. Is also economical and safe, and pipes can be laid under tracks and under roads without interrupting traffic, with low noise and no vibration, minimizing the impact on residents near the site. This is a construction method that has excellent advantages, such as being limited to a minimum.
[0022]
As shown in FIGS. 3 and 13, the leading conduit 6 of the excavator 5 has a cylindrical swinging part 6B having a cutter head 6A mounted on the tip thereof for rotation by a motor (not shown), and a swinging part 6B. And a cylindrical pinch valve portion 6C having a built-in pinch valve (not shown) for controlling the amount of water stoppage and excavated soil, and a laser connected to the pinch valve portion 6C and disposed in the starting shaft 2. A cylindrical laser target section 6D having a built-in laser target (not shown) for receiving a laser beam from a transit (not shown) and measuring the position and attitude angle (direction) with respect to the laser optical axis.
Further, a screw conveyor (not shown) is inserted into the front conduit 6 from the tip of the oscillating portion 6B to the rear end of the laser target portion 6D, and excavated soil, sewage or the like crushed by the cutter head 6A. Can be discharged backward.
Further, the leading conduit 6 is provided with a swing cylinder (not shown) for swinging the swing portion 6B with respect to the pinch valve portion 6C between the swing portion 6B and the pinch valve portion 6C. The swinging portion 6B is bent with respect to the pinch valve portion 6C by the expansion and contraction of the swinging cylinder, so that the traveling direction of the front conduit 6 can be bent or the displacement can be corrected.
[0023]
As shown in FIGS. 4 to 6, the cutter head 6A attached to the tip of the leading conduit 6 includes a plurality of rotatable disk cutters 6a for crushing the buried pipe 1 and the like, and crushed pieces and sewage of the buried pipe 1 and the like. And a pressing body 6c for pressing one end of the temporary pipe P. The crushed pieces can be taken into the screw conveyor in the front conduit 6 while crushing the buried pipe 1 and the filler 4. In addition, sewage and rainwater flowing through the temporary pipe P while pushing out the temporary pipe P can be taken into the screw conveyor in the front pipe 6.
As shown in FIG. 5, the pressing body 6c has a smaller diameter than the outer diameter of the temporary pipe P and is formed in a hollow hemisphere inside, and a shaft portion 6c ″ provided on the inner surface side is provided on the front surface of the cutter head 6A. A convex spherical surface is attached to the front surface of the cutter head 6A by welding to a center portion (rotation center position) so that the convex spherical surface of the pressing body 6A has a curvature corresponding to that of the temporary pipe P. It is formed so as to have the same curvature as the concave curved surface portion 17a of the provided reinforcing pipe 17, and when the pressing body 6c is pressed against the reinforcing pipe 17, the pressing body 6c can freely change its direction with respect to the reinforcing pipe 17. (See FIG. 6).
The pressing body 6c has a plurality of passage holes 6c 'through which sewage and rainwater pass, and flows through the temporary pipe P when the pressing body 6c is pressed against the reinforcing pipe 17 provided on the temporary pipe P. The incoming sewage and rainwater are configured to flow through the plurality of passage holes 6c 'and into the screw conveyor in the front conduit 6 from the opening 6b of the cutter head 6A.
[0024]
On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 10, the propulsion device 7 of the excavator 5 is provided with a gantry 18 for placing and guiding the leading pipe 6 and the new buried pipe 15, and is provided on the gantry 18 so as to be able to move forward and backward. A push plate 19 abutting on the rear end and the rear end of the new buried pipe 15; a hydraulic cylinder 20 supported by the gantry 18 for advancing and retracting the push plate 19; It is composed of a drive unit 21 such as a hydraulic motor for driving the screw conveyor to rotate. In this propulsion device 7, all members can be assembled and disassembled inside the starting shaft 2, and can be carried in and out of the starting shaft 2 in a disassembled state.
[0025]
When the excavator 5 crushes the existing buried pipe 1 in the replacement section of the buried pipe 1 requiring renewal, the filler filling device 8 does not buckle or crush the front of the buried pipe 1 due to the impact at that time. Filling material 4 (in this example, mortar obtained by kneading cement and sand with water) is filled in the buried pipe 1 and the space around the buried pipe 1 in the replacement section to reinforce the buried pipe 1 and the surrounding ground. It is used for
That is, the filler filling device 8 includes a mixer 8a that mixes the cement, sand, and water put into the container with a stirring blade to generate unsolidified mortar, and a pump that pumps the mortar generated by the mixer 8a (illustrated). And a transfer hose 8b for transferring the mortar. The unsolidified mortar generated by the mixer 8a is pressure-fed by a pump and can be poured into the buried pipe 1 by the transfer hose 8b. .
[0026]
Next, the buried pipe 1 (fume pipe) under the track, which has been damaged due to aging and is filled with earth and sand, is turned into a new buried pipe 15 by using the above-mentioned temporary pipe P, the excavator 5, the filler filling device 8 and the like. Will be described.
[0027]
First, the starting shaft 2 and the reaching shaft 3 are respectively constructed at both sides (both sides of the track) of the replacement section of the buried pipe 1 that needs updating (see FIG. 7).
That is, while excavating the roadbed beside the railroad track by a shovel car or human power to form a shaft, a liner plate (not shown) having a circular arc shape in a plane shape is assembled in the shaft every time the shaft is dug down by a predetermined dimension. . By repeating this operation until the buried pipe 1 is completely exposed, the starting shaft 2 and the reaching shaft 3 are constructed. At this time, the starting shaft 2 is constructed at a position downstream of the replacement section of the buried pipe 1, and the reaching shaft 3 is constructed at an upstream position of the replacement section of the buried pipe 1.
When the starting shaft 2 and the reaching shaft 3 are constructed, the buried pipe 1 exposed at the bottom of each shaft 2 and 3 is removed, and the end of the buried tube 1 located downstream of the starting shaft 2 and the reaching shaft 3 are removed. A tubular reinforcing member 22 such as a steel pipe is inserted into the end of the buried pipe 1 located on the upstream side to reinforce the end of the buried pipe 1.
[0028]
In addition, the starting shaft 2 and the reaching shaft 3 can be made small because the excavator 5 used for the small-diameter pipe propulsion method (TP75SCL) is used, and can be constructed even in a place where a wide site cannot be secured. it can. For example, in the case of TP75SCL, the inner diameter of the starting shaft 2 may be 2500 mm, and the inner diameter of the reaching shaft 3 is 1200 mm when the diameter of the buried pipe 1 is 350 mm, and 1500 mm when the diameter of the buried pipe 1 is 400 mm to 500 mm. I'm done. Further, the working space S1 on the starting shaft 2 side requires only an area of 3 m × 20 m, and the working space S2 on the reaching shaft 3 side requires an area of 2.5 m × 12 m.
[0029]
In the case where land can be sufficiently obtained, TP90S or TP95S of the small-diameter pipe propulsion method may be used. In this case, the starting shaft 2 has an elliptical shape having a major axis of 6000 mm and a minor axis of 2500 mm. The inner diameter of the reaching shaft 3 is 1800 mm when the diameter of the buried pipe 1 is 700 mm.
[0030]
After the starting shaft 2 and the reaching shaft 3 are constructed on the roadbed beside the railroad, a metal temporary pipe P (a mold release agent is applied to the outer peripheral surface, A temporary pipe P) to which a metal reinforcing pipe 17 is attached and fixed at an end located on the starting shaft 2 side, and a closing plate 23 in which the temporary pipe P is disposed in the starting shaft 2 and the reaching shaft 3 respectively. (See FIG. 8).
That is, the temporary pipe P is press-fitted into a central position in the embedded pipe 1 in which sediment is filled using a hydraulic jack (not shown) or the like, and the temporary pipe P is disposed in the embedded pipe 1. At this time, since the temporary pipe P (steel pipe) made of metal is used, even if the temporary pipe P is press-fitted into the buried pipe 1 filled with earth and sand, the temporary pipe P is bent or broken. I can't say that. As a result, the temporary pipe P is securely and satisfactorily pressed into the buried pipe 1 and is disposed at a central position in the buried pipe 1.
Then, when the temporary pipe P is disposed at the center position in the buried pipe 1, the closing plate 23 is arranged in the starting shaft 2 and the reaching shaft 3, and the opening end of the buried pipe 1 is closed by the closing plate 23. Then, the end of the temporary pipe P is inserted into a hole formed in the closing plate 23, and the temporary pipe P is positioned and supported by the closing plate 23 (see FIG. 8).
When the temporary pipe P is press-fitted into the buried pipe 1, the sediment in the buried pipe 1 enters the temporary pipe P. The sediment is pumped by water pressure using a pump and an injection nozzle (both not shown). Discharge outside P. As a result, the temporary pipe P enters a state in which sewage, rainwater, and the like can flow.
[0031]
When the temporary pipe P is disposed in the buried pipe 1 in the replacement section, the space between the buried pipe 1 and the temporary pipe P and the space around the buried pipe 1 are filled with the filler 4 (mortar) to fill the buried pipe 1 and the mortar. Reinforce the surrounding ground. This is to prevent the front of the buried pipe 1 from buckling or crushing when the buried pipe 1 is crushed and excavated by the excavator 5. In addition, the filler 4 (mortar) also serves to hold the temporary pipe P provided in the buried pipe 1.
[0032]
Filling of the filler 4 (mortar) into the space between the buried pipe 1 and the temporary pipe P is performed by closing the open end of the buried pipe 1 that is open to the starting shaft 2 and the reaching shaft 3 with an air vent 24. In this state, the unsolidified filler 4 (mortar) in the mixer 8a of the filler filler 8 installed on the ground is buried through the pump and the transfer hoses 8b provided at both ends of the burying pipe 1. Pressure feeding between the pipe 1 and the temporary pipe P (injection pressure of the filler 4: 1 to 2 kg / cm) ² ) (See FIG. 9).
At this time, the filling material 4 (mortar) is filled into the buried pipe 1 from both sides of the buried pipe 1 (from the starting shaft 2 and the reaching shaft 3). The filling material 4 (mortar) can be reliably filled into the buried pipe 1 and the voids around the buried pipe 1 without forming a gap in the buried pipe 1. In addition, since the filling material 4 (mortar) is filled into the buried pipe 1 from both sides of the buried pipe 1, the buried pipe 1 is filled with earth and sand, and the buried pipe 1 is in a closed state. Even so, the filling material 4 (mortar) can be reliably filled in the buried pipe 1 and the space around it. Further, since the temporary pipe P is disposed in the embedded pipe 1, the volume of the space between the embedded pipe 1 and the temporary pipe P is reduced, and the amount of the filler 4 used can be reduced. In addition, even if the filling material 4 (mortar) is filled in the buried pipe 1, since the temporary pipe P is disposed in the buried pipe 1, it flows through the buried pipe 1 on the upstream side of the reaching shaft 3. The incoming sewage and rainwater do not overflow into the arrival shaft 3, and the sewage and rainwater flow through the temporary pipe P and the start shaft 2 sequentially into the buried pipe 1 downstream of the start shaft 2.
When the space between the buried pipe 1 and the temporary pipe P and the space around the buried pipe 1 are completely filled by filling the buried pipe 1 with the filler 4 (mortar), the filling material 4 (mortar) is pumped. Stop pumping.
[0033]
After filling the filling material 4 (mortar) into the buried pipe 1 in the replacement section, the truck crane 13 and the dump truck 14 are arranged around the starting shaft 2 and the reaching shaft 3, and the inside of the starting shaft 2 and the starting shaft Various mechanical equipment such as an excavator 5, a hydraulic unit 9 for driving and controlling the excavator 5 and a control unit 12 are installed around the excavator 2, and the filler 4 (mortar) in the buried pipe 1 is waited for solidification.
[0034]
When the filling material 4 (mortar) in the buried pipe 1 is completely hardened, when the buried pipe 1 and the filling material 4 are crushed by the excavator 5 used in the small-diameter pipe propulsion method, the crushed pieces are discharged to the starting shaft 2 side. In both cases, one end of the temporary pipe P is pushed by the pressing body 6c attached to the front surface of the cutter head 6A to push out the temporary pipe P toward the arrival shaft 3, and the sewage and rainwater flowing in the temporary pipe P are removed by the pressing body 6c and the front pipe. 6 and discharged to the starting shaft 2 side.
[0035]
In performing the above steps, first, the leading conduit 6 is divided into three parts, namely, the cutter head 6A, the swing part 6B, the pinch valve part 6C, and the laser target part 6D, and is started.
Specifically, the pressing body 6c attached to the front surface of the cutter head 6A is pressed against the reinforcing pipe 17 attached and fixed to one end of the temporary pipe P, and in this state, the cutter head 6A and the swing part 6B rotate the cutter head 6A. The propulsion is performed by the propulsion device 7. Then, the cutter head 6A and the swinging part 6B are propelled while crushing the buried pipe 1 and the solidified filler 4 (mortar) by the rotaryly driven cutter head 6A. Further, the pressing body 6c attached to the cutter head 6A presses one end of the temporary pipe P with the propulsion of the cutter head 6A and the swing part 6B, and pushes out the temporary pipe P toward the reaching shaft 3 (FIG. 10 and FIG. 11).
Next, the pinch valve portion 6C is connected to the swinging portion 6B, and the cutter head 6A is rotated to crush the buried pipe 1 and the filler 4 (mortar) while the cutter head 6A and the swinging portion 6B are connected to the pinch valve portion 6C. Is propelled by the propulsion device 7, and at the same time, one end of the temporary pipe P is pressed by the pressing body 6c to push the temporary pipe P toward the arrival shaft 3 (see FIG. 12).
Thereafter, the laser target section 6D is connected to the pinch valve section 6C, and the cutter head 6A is rotated to crush the buried pipe 1 and the filler 4 (mortar) while the cutter head 6A and the swing section 6B and the pinch valve section 6C are connected to each other. The laser target portion 6D is propelled by the propulsion device 7, and at the same time, one end of the temporary pipe P is pressed by the pressing body 6c to push the temporary pipe P toward the arrival shaft 3 (see FIG. 13).
[0036]
The buried pipe 1 and the filler 4 (mortar) crushed by the cutter head 6 </ b> A are sequentially discharged to the start shaft 2 by a screw conveyor built in the front pipe 6, and are downstream of the start shaft 2. The buried pipe 1 is collected from the starting shaft 2 to the ground so as not to be clogged.
On the other hand, the temporary pipe P sequentially pushed out toward the reaching shaft 3 by the pressing body 6c with the propulsion of the leading conduit 6 is cut into an appropriate length in the starting shaft 2 and then collected on the ground. Also, the sewage and rainwater flowing in the temporary pipe P flow into the screw conveyor built in the front conduit 6 through the passage hole 6c 'of the pressing body 6c and the opening 6b of the cutter head 6A, and the starting shaft is started by the screw conveyor. It is discharged to the side 2 and sequentially flows from the starting shaft 2 into the buried pipe 1 on the downstream side.
[0037]
Since the pressing body 6c is formed to have a smaller diameter than the outer diameter of the temporary pipe P, only the temporary pipe P can be pressed without being caught by the hardened filler 4 in the embedded pipe 1. As a result, the temporary pipe P is reliably and satisfactorily extruded toward the arrival shaft 3 by the pressing body 6c, in combination with the fact that the release agent is applied to the outer peripheral surface thereof.
Further, the pressing body 6c presses the convex spherical surface against the concave curved surface portion 17a of the reinforcing pipe 17 provided at the end of the temporary pipe P, and presses one end of the temporary pipe P in this state. Therefore, even if the traveling direction of the leading pipe 6 is bent or the displacement of the leading pipe 6 is corrected, the reinforcing pipe 17 provided on the temporary pipe P is reliably and favorably pressed. As a result, the pressing body 6c can reliably and satisfactorily push out the temporary pipe P even when the direction and the displacement of the leading conduit 6 are corrected.
Furthermore, since the pressing body 6c is attached and fixed to the rotation center position on the front surface of the cutter head 6A, the position with respect to the temporary pipe P does not change even when the cutter head 6A rotates, and the temporary pipe P is securely held. Can be pressed.
[0038]
When the leading pipe 6 is propelled by a predetermined distance, a new buried pipe 15 is connected to the rear end of the leading pipe 6, and the screw conveyor 25 built in the buried pipe 15 is connected to the screw conveyor (in the leading pipe 6). (Not shown), the cutter head 6A is rotated to crush the buried pipe 1 and the filler 4 (mortar), and the new buried pipe 15 is propelled by the propulsion device 7 to be buried (see FIG. 14). . At this time, the crushing of the buried pipe 1 and the like and the sewage and rainwater in the temporary pipe P are discharged to the start shaft 2 by the screw conveyor in the front pipe 6 and the screw conveyor 25 in the new buried pipe 15. Further, the temporary pipe P is pushed out toward the arrival shaft 3 by the pressing body 6c as the front pipe 6 and the new buried pipe 15 are propelled.
[0039]
Hereinafter, by repeating this operation, a necessary number of new buried pipes 15 are sequentially buried, and all the existing buried pipes 1 in the replacement section are replaced with new buried pipes 15. At this time, sewage and rainwater flowing in the buried pipe 1 on the upstream side of the arrival shaft 3 sequentially pass through the arrival pit 3, the temporary pipe P, and the start shaft 2, and into the buried pipe 1 on the downstream side of the start shaft 2. Since it flows, the buried pipe 1 can be replaced while flowing sewage or rainwater when replacing the buried pipe 1 in the replacement section with a new buried pipe 15.
[0040]
During the propulsion of the leading pipe 6 and the buried pipe 15, a surveying laser beam is emitted from the laser transit from the starting shaft 2 side, read by a laser target in the leading pipe 6, and read from the data reflected on the control unit 12. After confirming the attitude of 6 and the thrust and excavation power are sufficiently grasped, the amount of additive and active material to be injected is determined, and the excavated soil is controlled by a pinch valve and discharged by a screw conveyor. ing. In this case, when the aged buried pipe 1 and the filling material 4 are crushed and excavated, the excavation conditions are constant, so that the function of the pinch valve seems to be unnecessary.
Also, since the filling material 4 (mortar) is filled and solidified in the buried pipe 1, the excavator 5 does not crush the buried pipe 1 and the roadbed does not collapse during excavation, so that the excavation work can be performed properly and reliably. Can be done.
Further, since the buried pipe 1 is made solid by filling with the filler 4 (mortar), even if the buried pipe 1 is crushed by the cutter head 6A, it does not become a large crushed piece. The crushed pieces can be reliably taken in, and the crushed pieces can be reliably discharged.
In addition, since the filling material 4 (mortar) is filled in the buried pipe 1, the excavation conditions are constant, and the existing buried pipe 1 and the filling material 4 (mortar) can be crushed at a constant speed, The amount of sunshine is large and smooth construction can be performed.
[0041]
When the leading pipe 6 reaches the reaching shaft 3 by the promotion of the leading pipe 6 and the new buried pipe 15, the leading pipe 6 is divided into a plurality of pieces from the reaching shaft 3 and collected by the truck crane 13 (see FIG. 15). Also, as shown in FIG. 16, when all the existing buried pipes 1 are replaced with new buried pipes 15, the screw conveyors 25 remaining in the buried pipes 1 are sequentially collected from the starting shaft 2 or the reaching shaft 3, and then the excavator 5 are removed, the new buried pipe 15 and the existing buried pipe 1 are connected by a connecting pipe (not shown) in the starting shaft 2 and the reaching shaft 3, and finally the starting shaft 2 and the reaching shaft 3 are connected. Is backfilled and the roadbed beside the track is in its original condition.
[0042]
In the above-described embodiment, the starting shaft 2 and the reaching shaft 3 having a circular planar shape are formed by using a liner plate. However, in other embodiments, a sheet pile made of steel sheet is used. May be used to form the starting shaft 2 and the reaching shaft 3 having a rectangular planar shape.
[0043]
In the above embodiment, the metal reinforcing pipe 17 is attached and fixed to one end of the temporary pipe P, and one end of the temporary pipe P is reinforced by the reinforcing pipe 17. If the temporary pipe P is not deformed or damaged even when one end of the temporary pipe P is pressed by the pressing body 6c due to its thickness, the reinforcing pipe 17 may be omitted. In this case, it is preferable to form a concave spherical portion having the same curvature as the convex spherical surface of the pressing body 6c on the inner peripheral edge of one end of the temporary pipe P.
[0044]
In the above embodiment, the temporary pipe P is press-fitted into the buried pipe 1 using a hydraulic jack or the like. However, if the buried pipe 1 is not clogged with earth and sand, the temporary pipe P is manually inserted. It may be inserted into the buried pipe 1 by work.
[0045]
In the above embodiment, the mortar is used as the filler 4. However, the filler 4 is not limited to the mortar, and the front of the buried pipe 1 is not buckled or crushed during excavation. What is necessary is just to be able to reinforce the buried pipe 1. For example, instead of the mortar, a permeable and strong chemical solution (for example, LW or Electrified ES (all of which are trade names)) may be used as the filler 4. Further, both the mortar and the chemical may be used as the filler 4. Further, as the filler 4, a ready-mixed concrete obtained by mixing cement, sand and gravel and kneading with water may be used.
[0046]
In the above embodiment, the filling material 4 (mortar) is filled into the buried pipe 1 from both sides of the replacement section of the buried pipe 1 (starting shaft 2 side and reaching shaft 3 side). In this embodiment, the filling material 4 (mortar) may be filled into the buried pipe 1 from one side of the replacement section of the buried pipe 1 (starting shaft 2 side or reaching shaft 3 side).
[0047]
In the above embodiment, the starting shaft 2 and the reaching shaft 3 are constructed on both sides of the replacement section of the buried pipe 1, and then the filling material 4 (mortar) is filled into the buried pipe 1. When both ends of the buried pipe 1 requiring renewal are previously opened, a temporary pipe P is arranged in the buried pipe 1 to fill the filler 4 (mortar), and then the replacement section of the buried pipe 1 is replaced. The starting shaft 2 and the reaching shaft 3 may be constructed at both sides of the vehicle.
[0048]
In the above embodiment, the pressing body 6c is formed in a hollow hemisphere, and a plurality of through holes 6c 'are formed in the outer shell of the pressing body 6c. In addition, as shown in FIG. 17, the pressing body 6c is formed in a solid hemispherical shape, and a shaft portion 6c ″ fixed by welding is formed at the center of the front surface of the cutter head 6A in a plane portion of the pressing body 6c. Alternatively, a plurality of passage holes 6c 'may be formed at positions off the shaft portion 6c "of the pressing body 6c. Further, in the above embodiment, the outer diameter of the pressing body 6c is formed to be smaller than the outer diameter of the temporary pipe 1, but the outer diameter of the pressing body 6c is formed to be the same as the outer diameter of the temporary pipe 1. You may do it.
[0049]
In the above embodiment, the temporary pipe P is pushed out toward the arrival shaft 3 by the pressing body 6c provided on the cutter head 6A when the leading conduit 6 is propelled. However, in other embodiments, the temporary pipe P is pushed out. Alternatively, the temporary pipe P may be pulled out toward the arrival shaft 3 by a hydraulic jack (not shown) disposed on the arrival shaft 3 while pushing the temporary pipe P toward the arrival shaft 3 with the pressing body 6c.
[0050]
In the above-described embodiment, the diameter of the existing buried pipe 1 and the diameter of the new buried pipe 15 are the same, and the new buried pipe 15 is laid at the same position as the buried pipe 1. In this case, a new buried pipe 15 having a larger diameter than the existing buried pipe 1 may be laid at the same position as the existing buried pipe 1.
[0051]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the invention of claim 1 of the present invention constructs a starting shaft and a reaching shaft at both sides of a replacement section of a buried pipe, and a metal temporary pipe through which sewage and rainwater flows inside the buried pipe of the replacement section. After filling the gap between the buried pipe and the temporary pipe and the space around the buried pipe with the filler to reinforce the existing buried pipe, the excavator crushes the buried pipe and A space in which sewage and rainwater flowing through the temporary pipe are discharged to the starting shaft while the crushed pieces are discharged to the starting shaft and the temporary pipe is pushed out to the reaching shaft, and the buried pipe, filler, and temporary pipe are removed. New buried pipes are propelled and buried at the same time, so tracks and roads are not excavated throughout the area where the buried pipes are replaced, or the new Damaged設管 and can substantially be economically and safely laid quickly at the same position.
According to the invention of claim 2 of the present invention, since the temporary pipe made of metal is pressed into the embedded pipe, the temporary pipe is securely disposed in the embedded pipe even when a large amount of earth and sand is clogged in the embedded pipe. can do. In addition, since the sediment that has entered the temporary pipe is discharged by water pressure, the temporary pipe can reliably and satisfactorily flow the sewage and rainwater flowing from the upstream to the downstream.
According to the third aspect of the present invention, since the metal temporary pipe is disposed in the buried pipe after the release agent is applied to the outer peripheral surface thereof, the space between the buried pipe and the temporary pipe is filled. Even if the material is filled, the temporary pipe can be easily and easily extruded from the filling material.
According to the invention of claim 4 of the present invention, a metal reinforcing pipe is attached and fixed to the end of the temporary pipe, and the temporary pipe is arranged in the buried pipe, so that the temporary pipe is not damaged. It can be extruded by a pressing body.
According to the invention of claim 5 of the present invention, the filler is filled into the space between the buried pipe and the temporary pipe and in the space around the buried pipe from both sides of the replacement section of the buried pipe. In a short time, the filling material can be reliably filled into the buried pipe and the surrounding space without forming a gap in and around the buried pipe. In addition, since the filling material is filled into the buried pipe from both sides of the buried pipe, even if the buried pipe is clogged with earth and sand and the middle of the buried pipe is closed, The voids can be reliably filled with the filler.
The invention according to claim 6 of the present invention fills a space between the buried pipe and the temporary pipe in the replacement section and a space around the buried pipe with mortar or a chemical solution or both a mortar and a chemical solution as a filler, and cures the filler. After that, since the buried pipe, the filler and the temporary pipe are crushed by the excavator, the crushing operation of the existing buried pipe can be performed more safely, favorably and reliably.
The invention according to claim 7 of the present invention has a passage hole at the rotation center position on the front surface of the cutter head, through which sewage or rainwater passes, and is formed to have the same diameter as the outer diameter of the temporary pipe or smaller than the outer diameter of the temporary pipe. Since the pressed body is attached and one end of the temporary pipe is pressed by the pressed body, the pressed body can press only the temporary pipe without being caught by the hardened filler in the buried pipe. As a result, the temporary pipe is reliably and satisfactorily pushed out to the reaching shaft side by the pressing body.
In addition, since the pressing body is formed in a hemispherical shape, and one end of the temporary pipe is pressed by the hemispherical pressing body, the traveling direction of the front conduit is bent or the deviation of the front conduit is corrected. Even in this case, the pressing body is securely and satisfactorily pressed against one end of the temporary pipe. As a result, the pressing body can reliably and satisfactorily push the temporary pipe toward the arrival shaft, even when the direction and the deviation of the leading conduit are corrected.
According to the invention of claim 8 of the present invention, since the temporary pipe is pulled out from the arrival pit side while pushing the temporary pipe to the arrival pit side with the pressing body, the temporary pipe can be easily and easily moved from the filler to the arrival pit side. It can be easily taken out.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing each step of a method for updating an aged buried pipe according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 shows a state in which various types of machinery and equipment used for carrying out the method of the present invention are installed on the starting shaft, (A) is a plan view around the starting shaft, and (B) is a longitudinal section around the starting shaft. FIG.
FIGS. 3A and 3B show a state in which various types of mechanical equipment used for carrying out the method of the present invention are installed on the reaching shaft side, FIG. 3A is a plan view around the reaching shaft, and FIG. FIG.
FIG. 4 is a front view of a cutter head of a leading conduit.
FIG. 5 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view of a main part of a pressing body and a temporary pipe provided on a front surface of a cutter head.
FIG. 6 is a partial side view in which a part of a state in which a pressing body provided on a front surface of a cutter head is pressed against an end of a temporary pipe provided in a buried pipe is broken.
FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing a state in which a starting shaft and a reaching shaft are constructed on both sides of a replacement section of a buried pipe that needs updating.
FIG. 8 is an explanatory view showing a step of arranging a temporary pipe at a central position in a buried pipe in a replacement section.
FIG. 9 is an explanatory view showing a step of filling a filler between a buried pipe and a temporary pipe in a replacement section.
FIG. 10 is an explanatory view showing a propulsion process of a front conduit (a cutter head and a swinging part).
FIG. 11 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view of a main part showing a propulsion process of a front conduit (a cutter head and a swinging part).
FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram showing a propulsion process of a leading conduit (a cutter head, a swinging portion, and a pinch valve portion).
FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram showing a propulsion process of a leading conduit (a cutter head, a swinging unit, a pinch valve unit, and a laser target unit).
FIG. 14 is an explanatory view showing a propulsion process of a leading pipe and a new buried pipe.
FIG. 15 is an explanatory view showing a state in which the leading conduit is divided and collected.
FIG. 16 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a state in which a new buried pipe is laid in a replacement section of the buried pipe.
FIG. 17 is an enlarged vertical sectional view showing another example of the pressing body provided on the front surface of the cutter head.
FIG. 18 is an explanatory view showing a conventional method of updating an old buried pipe.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 is an existing buried pipe, 2 is a starting shaft, 3 is a reaching shaft, 4 is a filling material (mortar), 5 is an excavator, 6 is a leading pipe, 6A is a cutter head, 6c is a pressing body, and 6c 'is a pressing body. , 7 is a propulsion device, 15 is a new buried pipe, 17 is a reinforcing pipe, 17a is a concave spherical portion of the reinforcing pipe, and P is a temporary pipe.

Claims

A step of constructing a starting shaft (2) and a reaching shaft (3) at both sides of a replacement section of the buried pipe (1) requiring renewal, and supplying a fluid such as sewage to a central position in the buried pipe (1) of the replacement section. Arranging a temporary pipe (P) made of flowing metal, and filling a gap between the buried pipe (1) and the temporary pipe (P) in the replacement section and a gap around the buried pipe (1) with the filler (4). To reinforce the buried pipe (1) by using an excavator (5) comprising a leading pipe (6) fitted with a rotatable cutter head (6A) at the tip and a propulsion device (7) for propelling the tip. While crushing at least the buried pipe (1) and the filler (4) from the starting shaft (2) side, the crushed pieces are discharged to the starting shaft (2) side, and attached to the center of rotation of the front surface of the cutter head (6A). One end of the temporary pipe (P) is pushed by the pressed body (6c), and the temporary pipe (P) is pressed. Discharging the fluid flowing through the temporary pipe (P) to the starting shaft (2) side together with the crushed pieces through the pressing body (6c) and the front pipe (6) while pushing the fluid toward the reaching shaft (3); A new buried pipe (15) is connected to the rear end of the leading pipe (6), and the excavator (5) crushes the buried pipe (1) and the filling material (4), pushes out the temporary pipe (P), and supplies fluid. Burying the new buried pipe (15) in the space from which the buried pipe (1), the filler (4) and the temporary pipe (P) have been removed while discharging the buried pipe. Pipe renewal method.

In the process of arranging the metal temporary pipe (P) at the center position in the buried pipe (1) in the replacement section, when the sediment is clogged in the buried pipe (1), the metal temporary pipe (P) is removed. The method for renewing an aging buried pipe according to claim 1, wherein P) is press-fitted into the buried pipe (1), and sediment that has entered the temporary pipe (P) is discharged by water pressure.

In the step of disposing the metal temporary pipe (P) at the center position in the buried pipe (1) in the replacement section, the metal temporary pipe (P) is coated with a release agent on the outer peripheral surface thereof. The method for renewing an aging buried pipe according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the buried pipe is disposed within the buried pipe (1).

In the step of disposing the metal temporary pipe (P) at the center position in the buried pipe (1) in the replacement section, the metal reinforcing pipe (17) having a concave spherical portion (17a) formed on the inner peripheral edge thereof 17) The temporary pipe (P) is attached and fixed to the inner peripheral surface at one end of the temporary pipe (P), and the temporary pipe (P) is disposed in the buried pipe (1). Or the renewal method of the aged buried pipe according to claim 3.

In the step of filling the space between the buried pipe (1) and the temporary pipe (P) in the replacement section and the space around the buried pipe (1) with the filler (4), both sides of the replacement section of the buried pipe (1). The method for renewing an aging buried pipe according to claim 1, wherein a filler (4) is filled between the buried pipe (1) and the temporary pipe (P) from a position.

As a filler (4) in the space between the buried pipe (1) and the temporary pipe (P) in the replacement section and in the space around the buried pipe (1), a mortar or a permeable and strong liquid chemical or both mortar and liquid chemicals After the filler (4) is hardened in the buried pipe (1), at least the buried pipe (1) and the filler (4) are crushed by the excavator (5). The method for renewing an aging buried pipe according to claim 1 or claim 5.

In the step of crushing the buried pipe (1) and the filler (4), extruding the temporary pipe (P), and discharging the fluid by the excavator (5), the rotation center position on the front surface of the cutter head (6A) A hemispherical press having a plurality of passage holes (6c ') through which a fluid such as sewage passes and having the same diameter as the outer diameter of the temporary pipe (P) or smaller than the outer diameter of the temporary pipe (P) The body (6c) is attached and fixed, and one end of the temporary pipe (P) is pressed by the hemispherical pressing body (6c). A method for renewing an aged buried pipe according to claim 4.

In the step of crushing the buried pipe (1) and the filler (4) by the excavator (5), pushing out the temporary pipe (P), and discharging the fluid, the temporary pipe (P) is pressed by the pressing body (6c). The method for renewing an aging buried pipe according to claim 1 or 7, wherein the buried pipe (1) is pulled out from the attained pit (3) side while being pushed out to the attained pit (3) side.