JP2004351325A - Impact type pulverizer - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a powder and granular material pulverizing device capable of rapidly obtaining the desired grain size by impacting bodies 311, 511 or 61(62) even when the powder and granular material has the physical properties to hardly obtain the required grain size, solving a problem that the powder and granular material stays in a pulverizing chamber 501 and is continuously subjected to the impact, allowing the powder and granular material to immediately pass a screen 5, and enhancing the efficiency of generating and collecting uniform fine particles. <P>SOLUTION: A plurality of blade bodies 6 are disposed on a rotating body 51 (52) radially from a center of rotation closely facing the screen 5, and the material to be pulverized in the pulverizing chamber 501 is treated through pulverization by the impacting body and through shear between a vent slit 5b and the blade bodies 6, and discharged into a discharge passage 502. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an impact crusher for finely crushing an object to be crushed by an impact force. More specifically, the present invention relates to an impact-type pulverizer for efficiently pulverizing fibrous substances and flexible substances.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Generally, an impact-type crusher crushes an object to be crushed by an impact body such as an impact pin, an impact column, or an impact piece, and controls the particle size of the product by a predetermined screen such as a perforated plate, a punching plate, or a slit. I have.
By the way, the object which does not reach the target particle size due to the impact body, that is, the object to be processed which cannot pass through the screen, stays in the crushing chamber and continues to receive the impact force. Depending on the physical properties, such as a flexible substance that deforms but is not easily crushed by the impact of the body, it repeatedly undergoes deformation even when subjected to an impact in the crushing chamber. There is a problem that the vehicle cannot pass.
[0003]
Therefore, in order to prevent such a problem, the following representative method has conventionally been adopted.
{Circle around (1)} A “cold crushing method” in which a refrigerant such as liquid nitrogen is introduced together with the material to be crushed to prevent the temperature from rising due to deformation of the material to be crushed and to utilize its low-temperature brittleness.
(2) A “wet pulverization method” in which water is added and the material to be pulverized is supplied in a slurry form to a pulverizer to prevent a temperature rise.
(3) A "cutting method" in which the impact body is made into a knife shape and the particle size is reduced by shearing force instead of impact force.
(4) An "external circulation cooling method" in which the particle size is not regulated by the screen, but once discharged outside the system, cooled by a heat exchanger or the like, and then crushed again.
However, each of these methods has its own problems:
{Circle around (1)} In the cryogenic pulverization method, construction and operation of a refrigerant system are expensive, and the processing cost of the material to be pulverized is high, and the method is not practical. Further, it cannot be used for those having no low-temperature brittleness.
{Circle around (2)} In the wet pulverization method, since the viscosity of water is higher than that of air, when the impacting body collides with the object to be crushed, the object to be crushed also flows together with the water, and a sufficient impact effect is often not obtained.
{Circle around (3)} The cutting method is effective when the object to be crushed is relatively large. However, when the particle diameter becomes smaller than 1 mm, the object to be crushed escapes in front of the cutter blade and is less effective.
{Circle around (4)} The external circulation cooling method requires a large-scale system, requires space costs, and increases running costs.
There is a problem that it can be adopted only in specific raw materials and specific fields where the advantages of each method can be utilized.
[0004]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-B-53-15750 [Patent Document 2]
Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 06-28186 [0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention has been conceived in order to eliminate the above-mentioned problems, and it is possible to quickly obtain a desired particle size even if it has physical properties that make it difficult to obtain a target particle size by an impact body. This eliminates the problem of staying in the pulverizing chamber and continuing to receive an impact force, so that it can immediately pass through the screen. As a result, not only can the efficiency of generating and collecting uniform fine particles be improved, but also the temperature of the material to be ground can be prevented from rising due to continuous impact force, and particles having a particle size of less than 1 mm can be reliably cut. It is an object of the present invention to provide an impact-type pulverizer which can reduce the size of the apparatus and reduce the running cost, can handle a wide range of raw materials, and can be applied to various fields. .
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The technical means adopted by the present invention to solve the above problem is to dispose a cylindrical screen in which a large number of holes or slits extending in an axial direction are formed around a circumference in a casing. A rotating body provided with a plurality of impacting elements radially from a center of rotation at predetermined intervals in a circumferential direction in the grinding chamber. An impact-type pulverizer comprising: a rotating body, a blade body is formed on the outermost impact body, and a material to be ground in a grinding chamber is pulverized by the impact body, and the hole or the slit is formed. It is characterized in that it is configured to be processed by shearing with a blade body and to be discharged to the discharge path.
[0007]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail based on an impact-type pulverizer, which is exemplified as a preferred embodiment. 1 to 5, FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway overall configuration diagram of an impact-type pulverizer, FIG. 2 is an overall longitudinal sectional view thereof, FIG. 3 is an explanatory view of the arrangement of an impact body, and FIG. 4 is a blade (impact piece). FIG. 5 is an arrangement diagram of the screen and the blade (impact piece). Reference numeral 1 denotes a crusher. The crusher 1 includes a casing 3 having a hopper 21 for charging raw materials at an upper portion, a discharge port 22 at a lower portion, and a front cover 301 that can be opened and closed on a front surface. A drive mechanism (not shown) is interlocked and connected via a pulley 402 provided on the rear surface. A cylindrical screen 5 in which a number of axially extending slits are formed around the circumference is disposed in the casing 3, and a discharge path 502 is provided on the outer peripheral side of the screen 5 and a pulverizing chamber 501 is provided on the inner peripheral side. Supply paths 503 and 503 communicating with the hopper 21 are formed on the front side and the rear side of the crushing chamber 501, respectively.
[0008]
In the pulverizing chamber 501, a rotor (rotating body) 51 pivotally mounted on a rotating shaft 401 is rotatably provided. On the front side and the rear side of the rotor 51, impact columns (impacting bodies) 511 are provided. On the surface of the casing 3 (the front cover 301) facing the rotor 51, fixed impact pillars 311 are provided radially around the rotation axis at predetermined intervals in the radial direction and the circumferential direction. When the rotor 51 rotates, the impact column 511 rotates between the fixed impact columns 311. As a result, the material to be ground (raw material) introduced from the hopper 21 into the grinding chamber 501 via the supply path 503 is instantaneously hit by the numerous impact columns 511 of the rotor 51 rotating at high speed and the fixed impact columns 311. And crushed by colliding with the surrounding screen 5. The pulverized product smaller than the gap of the slit of the screen 5 is quickly discharged from the discharge port 22 through the discharge path 502 along with the airflow generated by the rotation of the impact column 511, and is not illustrated. For example, it is separated into an airflow and a pulverized product, and the pulverized product is collected.
The crusher illustrated in FIG. 2 is a so-called compound crusher in which the impact pillars 511 are arranged on the front and rear surfaces of the rotor 51 as described above, and is used for mass processing. In the case of a small crusher, the front of the rotor 51 (front cover) is used. The impact column 511 is arranged only on the side (side).
In addition, these structures are generally known, and the pulverizer to which the present invention is applied is not limited thereto. For example, the pulverizer may be pulverized by an impact body such as an impact piece type disclosed in Patent Document 2. It is good if it does.
[0009]
The impact piece (impact body) 61 at the outermost periphery of the rotor 51 is radiated from the center of rotation so that the outermost raceway surface faces the screen 5 at an interval of about 3.5 mm. A plurality of sheets are arranged on the rotor 51 at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction so as to protrude toward the screen 5. In other words, the upper surface of the impact piece 61 is formed into a curved surface that conforms to the cylindrical shape of the screen, and is set so that the distance between the impact piece 61 and the screen is constant (3.5 mm) everywhere.
The screen 5 is made of a stainless steel wire rod 5a of approximately isosceles triangle (wedge shape) having a cross section of about 2 mm in height and about 3 mm in height, with the top of the triangle facing the discharge path 502 side and 0.1 mm in diameter. A large number of slits 5b are arranged in the axial direction with a gap therebetween. In addition, the slit 5b is formed as a single line over the entire width of the screen 5, but is not limited to this. Even when the cylindrical area is divided into ring-shaped sections and the wire rods 5a are provided in each section. Alternatively, the positions of the slits 5b may be shifted from each other. That is, the slit 5b may be formed continuously over the entire width of the screen 5, or may be discontinuous.
The blade body 6 is formed integrally with a rotation-side corner of an impact piece (impact body) 61 facing the screen 5, and the impact piece 61 is a rectangular plate in a side view, and the lower surface thereof is formed of the above-described shape. It is formed in a downwardly truncated right-angled triangle shape as viewed from the front and inclined upward toward the distal end with the rotor 51 side as a base end. That is, the impact pieces 61, 61 are integrally formed in a state of being connected to the left and right of the connecting portion 613 at the lower part thereof, and are provided in a horizontally-elliptical mounting hole 512 formed in the rotor 51 so that the impact piece 61 can pass therethrough. After being inserted and rotated by 90 degrees, it is stopped and fixed by a wedge 614. Similarly, after being inserted into the mounting hole, the impact pillar 511 is also prevented from rotating by the wedge 614. The shape and size of the impact piece 61 are arbitrary.
[0010]
A substantially L-shaped groove 612 in a side view is provided at the tip of the impact piece 61 on the rotation direction side (the corner between the impact surface in the rotation direction and the surface facing the screen). The blade body 6 is configured so that the front end of the blade 61 is cut off so as to have a step to form a concave portion with the screen 5.
As a result, when the rotor 51 rotates, the object to be ground in the grinding chamber 501 moves toward the screen 5 while being ground by the impact action of the impact pillar 511, the fixed impact pillar 311 and the impact piece 61, and moves to the screen 5 side. A powder layer is formed between the impact piece 61 and the impact piece 61, but the movement of the slit 5b in the circumferential direction on the screen 5 is restricted by the edge (biting) action. The powder layer is accumulated in the groove 612 (a concave portion between the screen 5) and is subjected to a shearing action by the blade 6 and the slit 5b. Therefore, the impact piece 61 in the present embodiment is configured to have a function of accumulating objects to be crushed in addition to the function of crushing.
Further, when the fibrous substance was treated by the above-mentioned wet method using this pulverizer, fine particles having an average particle diameter on the order of 50 μm could be obtained as a product.
[0011]
FIG. 6 shows another embodiment in which the blade body 6 is formed as an impact body. The blade body 6 is formed integrally with an impact piece (impact body) 62. An impact surface 621 that rises vertically, and a substantially L-shaped groove 622 in a side view formed by cutting out the surface that rises vertically from the impact surface 621 via an inclined surface are provided. The blade body 6 is configured so that the front end of 621) is cut off so as to have a step to form a concave portion with the screen 5.
FIG. 6B shows the screen on the outer periphery of a rotating body composed of a rotating plate 52 having the impact piece 62 mounted on a rotating shaft 401 and a ring-shaped plate 52a arranged at a predetermined interval. 5 is a type of pulverizer that protrudes radially from the center of rotation at a predetermined interval so as to be in close proximity to the rotating body 5 and does not have the shock column 511 or the fixed shock column 311 at the center of the rotating body (Patent Document 2) Reference).
In addition, a screen of the same kind as the screen 5 is arranged in the center of the rotating body to divide the crushing chamber 501 into two inner and outer crushing chambers. By utilizing the speed difference from the outer peripheral side where the rotation speed becomes faster, the material that has been roughly pulverized in the inner pulverizing chamber can be finely pulverized in the outer pulverizing chamber. In this case, the inner slit gap of the screen needs to be set wider than the outer slit gap. It is to be noted that a so-called double rotating shaft mechanism may be employed to independently provide rotating bodies of the same type.
[0012]
In the embodiment of the present invention configured as described above, the material to be ground (raw material) introduced from the hopper 21 into the grinding chamber 501 via the supply path 503 is subjected to a large number of impacts of the rotor 51 rotating at high speed. The column 511, the impact piece 61, and the fixed impact column 311 cause an instantaneous impact action, and further collide with the surrounding screen 5 to be crushed. However, depending on physical properties such as a fibrous substance and a flexible substance, the impact may occur. The target particle size cannot be obtained only by the column 511, the impact piece 61, or the fixed impact column 311 and some of them cannot pass through the screen 5.
However, in the pulverizer 1 of the present invention, the blade body 6 is rotated so that a number of axially (perpendicular) slits 5b... Face the cylindrical screen 5 formed around the circumference. A plurality of outermost impact bodies 61 radially arranged from the rotation center on the body 51 (52, 52a) are integrally formed, and the object to be crushed in the grinding chamber is subjected to the impact bodies 311 511, 61 (62). And the like, and processing by shearing the slit 5b and the blade body 6 and discharging to the discharge path 502. Therefore, the target particle diameter can be obtained only by the impact action of the impact body as described above. Even if the physical properties are difficult to obtain, the edge of the slit 5b (biting) restricts the powder layer moved to the screen 5 from moving in the circumferential direction, and is sheared by the blade 6 and the slit 5b. can do.
[0013]
Therefore, the object to be crushed can quickly obtain a desired particle size, and can pass through the screen immediately without staying in the crushing chamber 501 and continuously receiving an impact force. As a result, not only can the efficiency of generation and collection of uniform fine particles be improved, but also the problem that the temperature of the material to be ground increases due to continuous impact force is eliminated, and particles having a particle diameter of less than 1 mm are eliminated. Cutting can be performed reliably, the apparatus can be made compact and running costs can be reduced, and a wide range of raw materials can be handled, so that it can be provided in various fields.
In addition, the regulation of the movement of the powder layer is not limited to the slit 5b, and the inner peripheral surface (the surface facing the blade body 6) of the wire rod 5a may be processed into an uneven surface. Although the shape may be arbitrary, the interval between the slits and the hole diameter need to be changed depending on the target product particle size.
[0014]
Further, since the blade body 6 is formed integrally with the impact piece 61 (62), the blade body 6 can also be used as a corner of the impact piece 61 or 62, and there is no need to provide the impact columns 311 and 511. It can also be applied to crushers. The impact piece 62 is provided with an impact surface 621 that rises vertically, and a substantially L-shaped groove 622 in a side view formed by cutting out a surface that rises vertically from the impact surface 621 via an inclined surface. The blade body 6 is configured so that the tip of the impact piece 62 (impact surface 621) is cut off so as to have a step to form a concave portion with the screen 5.
In addition, the blade body 6 is configured such that a concave portion is formed between the blade 5 and the screen 5 so that the tip end of the impact piece 61 (62) is notched so as to have a step and has a groove 612 (622). As a result, the crushed object does not escape in front of the impact piece 61 (62), the concave portion functions as an accumulation pocket for the crushed object, and the cutting efficiency by the blade body 6 and the ventilation slit 5b. Can be improved.
[0015]
In the pulverizing chamber 501, a screen of the same kind of small cylinder as the screen 5 is provided to divide the pulverizing chamber 501 into two sections, while the blade body 6 is integrally formed in each pulverizing chamber. The rotating body having the impact piece 62 is supported by a rotating shaft to form a double inner and outer crushing chamber, and the crushed material is coarsely crushed in the inner crushing chamber by utilizing the rotation speed difference between the inner and outer processing chambers. The material can be comminuted in the outer grinding chamber. In this case, there is an advantage that the crushing process can be performed in two steps, such as the arrangement ratio and size of the impact pieces 62 in the inner and outer crushing chambers, different screens, different slit gaps, and the like can be set.
[0016]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, a cylindrical screen 5 having a large number of holes or axially extending slits 5b formed around the circumference thereof is provided in the casing 3, and a discharge path 502 is formed on the outer peripheral side of the screen 5. A rotating body in which a crushing chamber 501 is formed on the circumferential side, and a plurality of impacting bodies 511 or 61 (62) are provided in the crushing chamber 501 at predetermined circumferential intervals at a radial direction from the center of rotation. An impact-type pulverizer provided with a pulverizing chamber (51), wherein a blade (6) is formed on the rotating body (52) at a portion of the outermost perimeter of the impacting body facing the screen, and a pulverizing chamber (501) is formed. The object to be crushed is configured to be crushed by the impact body 311, 511 or 61 (62), and to be processed by shearing the hole or slit 5 b and the blade body 6, and to be discharged to the discharge path 502. By
Even if it is hard to obtain the target particle size by the impacting body, the desired particle size can be obtained quickly, and the problem of staying in the crushing chamber 501 and continuously receiving the impact force is solved, and the screen is immediately removed. 5 can be passed. As a result, not only can the efficiency of generating and collecting uniform fine particles be improved, but also the temperature of the material to be ground can be prevented from rising due to continuous impact force, and particles having a particle size of less than 1 mm can be reliably cut. As a result, the size of the apparatus can be reduced and the running cost can be reduced, and a wide range of raw materials can be handled, so that it can be applied to various fields.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram of a partly broken crusher. FIG. 2 is an overall longitudinal sectional view of a crusher. FIG. 3 is an explanatory view of the arrangement of impact bodies. FIG. FIG. 4B is an enlarged view of the blade and the impact piece. FIG. 4A is a front view, FIG. 4B is a side view, and FIG. 4C is a top view. FIG. 6 is a view showing another embodiment of the blade body (impact piece), and FIG. 6A is a perspective view of the blade body (impact piece). , FIG. (B) is a configuration diagram of the arrangement on the rotating body.
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Crusher 21 Hopper 22 Discharge port 3 Casing 301 Front cover 311 Impact column 401 Rotating shaft 402 Pulley 5 Screen 5a Wire rod 5b Vent slit 501 Crushing chamber 502 Discharge path 503 Supply path 51 Rotor 511 Impact column 512 Mounting hole 52 Rotating disk 52a Ring-shaped plate 6 Blade body 61 Impact piece 611 Inclined surface 612 Groove 613 Connecting part 614 Wedge 62 Impact piece 621 Impact face 622 Groove

Claims (4)

A cylindrical screen having a large number of holes or slits extending in the axial direction is formed in the casing, and a discharge path is formed on the outer peripheral side of the screen, and a pulverizing chamber is formed on the inner peripheral side. And, an impact-type pulverizer including a rotating body provided with a plurality of impacting bodies radially from the center of rotation at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction in the grinding chamber, wherein the rotating body, A blade body is formed on the outermost impact body, and the object to be crushed in the grinding chamber is processed by crushing with the impact body and shearing of the hole or slit and the blade body, and is discharged to the discharge path. An impact-type pulverizer characterized in that it is configured as follows. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein a corner between a surface facing the screen and an impact surface in the rotation direction of the outermost impact body is cut off so as to have a step, and a concave portion is formed between the impact surface and the screen. An impact-type pulverizer characterized in that it is configured as follows. 3. The screen according to claim 1, wherein the screen is configured by arranging a plurality of wedge-shaped wire rods each having a substantially isosceles triangular cross section in the axial direction with the apex of the triangle facing the outer peripheral side of the screen. Impact crusher. 4. The crushing chamber according to claim 1, wherein a small cylindrical screen is arranged in the crushing chamber so as to divide the crushing chamber into an inner and an outer part, and the blade body is integrally formed in each crushing chamber. An impact-type pulverizer characterized in that a rotating body having an impacting body is supported by a rotating shaft, and an object to be pulverized processed in an inner pulverizing chamber is processed in an outer pulverizing chamber.

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