JP2004340056A - Lubricating oil dilution preventing device of internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Lubricating oil dilution preventing device of internal combustion engine Download PDF

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JP2004340056A
JP2004340056A JP2003138603A JP2003138603A JP2004340056A JP 2004340056 A JP2004340056 A JP 2004340056A JP 2003138603 A JP2003138603 A JP 2003138603A JP 2003138603 A JP2003138603 A JP 2003138603A JP 2004340056 A JP2004340056 A JP 2004340056A
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Prior art keywords
lubricating oil
fuel
internal combustion
combustion engine
operating condition
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JP2003138603A
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Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Kazunori Eguchi
一憲 江口
Jun Akasegawa
純 赤瀬川
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Mitsubishi Motors Corp
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Mitsubishi Motors Corp
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  • Lubrication Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Lubrication Details And Ventilation Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a lubricating oil dilution preventing device of an internal combustion engine with a simple structure which prevents lubricating oil from being diluted with fuel. <P>SOLUTION: The lubricating oil dilution preventing device of an internal combustion engine includes a heater 16 for preventing the lubricating oil 10 from being diluted with the fuel, the heater mounted on an engine 1 the respective parts of which are lubricated by the lubricating oil 10, an operating condition detection means which detects an operating condition of the engine 1 by a crank angle sensor 8, a speed sensor 18 or the like, and a lubricating oil dilution restraint control means which controls the heater 16. The operating condition detection means and the lubricating oil dilution restraint control means are mounted on an ECU 17. When the operating condition detected by the operating condition detection means is judged to be an operating condition under which the lubricating oil 10 is apt to be diluted with the fuel, the lubricating oil dilution restraint control means controls the heater 16 so as to suppress the fuel amount in the lubricating oil 10. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、潤滑油中に混入される燃料の量を抑制する内燃機関の潤滑油希釈防止装置に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
年々厳しくなる排ガス規制に対応するために、NOx触媒やDPF(ディーゼル・パーティキュレート・フィルタ)等による排ガスの後処理装置の装着が必須となっている。これらの後処理装置では、内部に蓄積された物質をパージ(浄化)する方法として、ポスト噴射技術(膨張行程等に燃料を噴射する技術)等を用いて行っている。例えば、NOx触媒では、ポスト噴射による燃料により、その内部を還元雰囲気にすると共に、燃料を燃焼させて昇温して、蓄積されたNOx、SOx等を浄化するようにしている。又、DPFでも、ポスト噴射による燃料により、蓄積された有害物質を燃焼させて、浄化するようにしている。更に、エンジンの始動時に、ポスト噴射による燃料供給により、触媒の温度を上昇させて、触媒を活性化させることもしている。
【0003】
ところが、これらのポスト噴射による燃料は、いずれも燃焼に寄与する燃料ではなく、触媒の活性化等のために、燃焼に寄与する主噴射の燃料供給後に、追加の供給を行うものである。したがって、ポスト噴射等により供給された燃料は、その噴射開始時期や噴射量によっては、気筒内での燃焼に用いられず、殆ど排気通路側に流入する。そして、一部の未燃燃料は、気筒内壁やピストン等に付着し、ピストンの摺動運動により、気筒内壁やピストン等の潤滑のために用いられている潤滑油と共に、エンジン下部のオイルパンの潤滑油中に混入されることとなる。潤滑油中に混入された未燃燃料は、潤滑油自体を希釈することとなり、潤滑油の粘度が下がり、潤滑油本来の潤滑性能が失われ、エンジンの焼き付きや損傷を引き起こすおそれがあった。
【0004】
そのため、従来から様々な方法により、燃料による潤滑油の希釈を抑制する技術が提案されてきた。例えば、オイルパンに潤滑油の希釈度を検出する希釈度検出手段を設け、許容希釈度を越えたことを検出すると、潤滑油の温度等を制御して、潤滑油中に混入された燃料を抑制、分離する技術が開示されている(特許文献1参照)。又、メタノールや燃焼生成物の除去を目的に、エンジン始動時に潤滑油の温度を制御する技術も開示されている(特許文献2参照)。
【0005】
【特許文献1】
特開平10−317936号公報(第3−6頁、第1−11図)
【特許文献2】
特開平6−33724号公報(第2−4頁、第1−4図)
【0006】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
従来技術では、燃料による潤滑油の希釈度検出のため、特殊なセンサを用いて検出するようにしており、高コストとなるおそれがあった。又、希釈度検出のため、所定の閾値まで希釈度が上昇してしまい、徐々に潤滑油の潤滑性能が低下するおそれもあった。
【0007】
更に、始動時における潤滑油の希釈を防止するだけでは、ポスト噴射を行うようなエンジンでの潤滑油の希釈抑制には不十分であり、潤滑油が希釈されるような運転条件の場合にも、積極的に希釈抑制を行う必要があった。
【0008】
本発明は上記課題に鑑みなされたもので、簡単な構成で、燃料による潤滑油の希釈を未然に防止する内燃機関の潤滑油希釈防止装置を提供することを目的とする。
【0009】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記課題を解決する本発明に係る内燃機関の潤滑油希釈防止装置は、
潤滑油により各部を潤滑する内燃機関に用いられ、
内燃機関の運転条件を検出する運転条件検出手段と、
燃料による潤滑油の希釈を抑制する潤滑油希釈抑制装置と、
潤滑油希釈抑制装置を制御する潤滑油希釈抑制制御手段とを有する。
運転条件検出手段により検出された運転条件が、潤滑油が燃料に希釈され易い運転条件と判断された場合、
潤滑油中に含まれる燃料の量を低い水準に抑制するように、潤滑油希釈抑制制御手段が潤滑油希釈抑制装置を制御する。
なお、潤滑油希釈抑制装置は、潤滑油中に混入された燃料を蒸散させることで、燃料を除去するだけではなく、燃料の液化を防止して、燃料の潤滑油への混入を未然に防いで、燃料による潤滑油の希釈を抑制している。
又、運転条件検出手段は、燃料の噴射量、燃料噴射のタイミング、燃料噴射の回数、内燃機関の負荷及び回転数等により、潤滑油が燃料に希釈され易い条件かどうかを判断している。
【0010】
上記課題を解決する本発明に係る内燃機関の潤滑油希釈防止装置は、
上記内燃機関の潤滑油希釈防止装置において、
内燃機関が、燃料を内燃機関の気筒内に噴射する筒内噴射手段、所謂、直噴式の燃料供給装置を有する。
【0011】
上記課題を解決する本発明に係る内燃機関の潤滑油希釈防止装置は、
上記内燃機関の潤滑油希釈防止装置において、
潤滑油が燃料に希釈され易い運転条件が、低速及び低負荷運転であること、つまり、潤滑油の温度が低い状態であることである。又、燃焼に寄与する主燃料の供給以降に燃料を供給する運転条件である。
【0012】
上記課題を解決する本発明に係る内燃機関の潤滑油希釈防止装置は、
上記内燃機関の潤滑油希釈防止装置において、
潤滑油希釈抑制装置が、潤滑油の受け皿(オイルパン)、又は潤滑油の通路に設けられ、潤滑油を加熱するヒータである。
【0013】
【発明の実施の形態】
図1は、一定時間おける潤滑油中の燃料量を、潤滑油温度に対して示したグラフである。
これは、ポスト噴射により、潤滑油中に含まれる燃料の量を確認するために行ったものであり、具体的には、ディーゼルエンジンにおいて、所定のタイミングで、所定量のポスト噴射を行った場合に、潤滑油中に含まれる燃料量をグラフ化したものである。
【0014】
図1からわかるように、潤滑油温度が低い領域では、低いほど潤滑油中の燃料量が多くなることがわかる。このような状態は、潤滑油が燃料に希釈された状態であり、潤滑油の粘度が低くなり、潤滑油の性能を維持するのは難しい。
【0015】
ところが、潤滑油温度が所定の温度▲1▼以上の温度領域では、潤滑油中の燃料量が低い水準で、ほぼ一定に抑えられていることがわかる。これは、潤滑油温度が所定の温度▲1▼以上である場合、潤滑油中に混入された燃料が蒸散されやすい状態であり、又、気化している燃料も液化しにくい状態であるため、潤滑油中に含まれる燃料量を低い水準のままで維持できるからである。つまり、ポスト噴射等により、燃料が潤滑油に含まれやすい状態の場合でも、潤滑油温度を温度▲1▼以上に確保しておけば、潤滑油中の燃料量を低い水準に抑えることができ、潤滑油の性能を維持できることとなる。
【0016】
燃料が潤滑油に含まれやすい条件としては、ポスト噴射が連続的に実施される場合があり、又、潤滑油の温度が低い状態(図1中▲2▼の領域の状態)の運転が連続的に行われた場合、具体的には、低速、低負荷運転の状態が連続して行われ、潤滑油の温度が温度▲1▼まで到達しない場合等がある。ポスト噴射が連続的に実施される場合には、潤滑油に混入するおそれのある燃料が大量に存在する状態であり、潤滑油の温度が低い状態の運転が連続的に行われた場合には、潤滑油中の燃料が蒸散しにくい状態である。特に、低速、低負荷運転が連続的に行われた場合は、潤滑油温度が低い状態であると共に、ポスト噴射も多用されることとなり、潤滑油中に含まれる燃料の量が高い水準で安定する状況となる。しかしながら、このような場合でも、強制的に潤滑油温度を温度▲1▼まで昇温して、潤滑油の温度調整を行えば、潤滑油中に含まれる燃料量を低い水準に抑えることができる。なお、潤滑油の調整温度▲1▼としては、燃料が蒸散する温度が適切であり、周囲の圧力等にもよるが、例えば、80℃〜90℃程度が望ましい。
【0017】
したがって、本発明では、混入前の燃料が液化しにくく、潤滑油へ混入しにくい状態、更に、混入された燃料が気化しやすく、潤滑油から蒸散しやすい状態にすることで、混入前の燃料の潤滑油への混入を未然に防止すると共に、混入された燃料を潤滑油から蒸散して、潤滑油に含まれる燃料の量を低い水準に抑制し、潤滑油の正規な状態を維持し、潤滑性能を保持するようにしている。そこで、上記作用、効果を有する本発明に係る内燃機関の潤滑油希釈防止装置の実施形態例を、以下に示す図を用いて説明する。
【0018】
図2は、本発明に係る内燃機関の潤滑油希釈防止装置の実施形態の一例を示す概略図である。
【0019】
図2に示すように、本発明に係る内燃機関の潤滑油希釈防止装置において、内燃機関であるエンジン1は、燃料の燃焼室となる複数の気筒2と、各々の気筒2に設けられ、気筒2内に直接燃料を噴射する燃料噴射弁3(筒内噴射手段)と、気筒内に導入された燃料を燃焼させることにより、気筒2を構成するシリンダ4内壁に沿って、往復運動をするピストン5と、ピストン5に連結され、往復運動を回転運動へ変換するコンロッド6と、コンロッド6により回転運動されるクランクシャフト7等を有している。クランクシャフト7には、クランクシャフト7の角度を検出するクランク角センサ8が設けられている。
【0020】
各気筒2の吸気側には吸気通路11が設けられ、図示していないエアクリーナ等を経由して、吸気が吸気弁12により、気筒2内に導入される。又、各気筒2の排気側には排気通路13が設けられ、燃焼後の排気を排気弁14により、気筒2から排気し、図示していない触媒等を経由して、排ガスを浄化して、大気へ放出する。
【0021】
燃料噴射弁3には、図示していない蓄圧式装置が接続されており、燃料タンクからの燃料をポンプ等により加圧して、気筒2内へ噴射するようにするものである。具体的には、運転状態に応じた燃料噴射量が設定され、燃圧や燃料噴射弁3の噴射時間を制御することで、適切な燃料噴射量が制御されている。又、燃料噴射弁3は、燃焼のための主噴射の燃料だけでなく、主噴射の後に、触媒のためのポスト噴射の燃料の供給が可能な構成である。
【0022】
エンジン1の下部には、受け皿となるオイルパン9が設けられており、オイルパン9には、エンジン1の各部を潤滑させるため、適量の潤滑油10が溜められている。図示していないが、潤滑油10は、潤滑の機能を果たすように、ポンプ等を用いて吸い上げられた後、各部へ供給され、最終的にはオイルパン9へ戻るようになっている。
【0023】
本発明に係る内燃機関の潤滑油希釈防止装置では、オイルパン9に潤滑油10の温度を検出する温度センサ15を設け、更に、潤滑油10の温度を所定温度以上に加熱するためのヒータ16(潤滑油希釈抑制装置)が、オイルパン9の下部に設けられている。このヒータ16は、潤滑油10の温度を所定温度以上に維持することで、燃料による潤滑油の希釈を抑制する機能を果たす。なお、温度センサ15及びヒータ16は、オイルパン9だけではなく、各部へ潤滑油10を流入させる潤滑油通路等に設けてもよい。
【0024】
ECU(Electronic Control Unit、電子制御装置)17は、プログラムに従って演算を行い、各機器の制御を行うCPUと、プログラムやデータ、演算結果を記録するRAM、ROM等の記憶領域と、信号の入出力を行うインターフェース、タイマカウンタ等を有するものであり、ECU17が上記各機器を制御して、エンジン1を作動させている。
【0025】
ECU17は、運転条件検出手段を有しており、クランク角センサ8からの出力をカウントして、エンジン1の回転数Neを検出し、又、アクセル開度を検出するアクセルセンサ18から信号を取り込むことで、エンジン1の運転条件を検出している。又、燃焼のための主燃料噴射だけでなく、触媒等のためのポスト噴射のタイミング、噴射量、頻度等を監視することでも、エンジン1の運転条件を判断している。
【0026】
又、ECU17は、ヒータ16を制御する潤滑油希釈抑制制御手段を有し、エンジン1の運転条件を上記運転条件検出手段により監視し、潤滑油10が燃料に希釈されやすい運転条件と判断された場合、例えば、アクセルセンサ18によるアクセル開度が低く(低負荷)、クランク角センサ8によるエンジン1の回転数が低い(低速)運転が連続して行われる場合、つまり、潤滑油温度が低い状態である場合、又は、燃料噴射弁3からのポスト噴射頻度が多くなる状態の場合、潤滑油10の温度を所定温度以上になるように、ヒータ16を用いて加熱制御して、潤滑油10中の燃料量を低い水準に抑制している。
【0027】
具体的には、潤滑油10が燃料に希釈されやすい運転条件を満たす場合、潤滑油10を所定温度以上に調整するために、ECU17が潤滑油10の温度を、温度センサ15を用いて監視し、ヒータ16を用いて潤滑油10の温度を強制的に所定温度以上に制御している。
【0028】
上記構成により、潤滑油10が燃料に希釈されやすい運転条件の場合、潤滑油10の温度が燃料の蒸散温度領域に維持され、気化している燃料は液化することがなく、又、潤滑油中に混入された燃料はすばやく蒸散される。そして、気化された燃料は、ブローバイガスと共に吸気管に再吸入されて、燃焼させられるので、オイルパン9の潤滑油10の近傍に長時間滞留することがなく、潤滑油中の燃料量を低い水準に抑えることが可能となる。
【0029】
なお、本発明に係る内燃機関の潤滑油希釈防止装置は、ディーゼルエンジンの場合でも、ガソリンエンジンの場合でも適用可能である。又、直噴式だけではなく、吸気管噴射式の燃料供給装置を有するエンジンにも適用可能である。
【0030】
次に、本発明に係る内燃機関の潤滑油維持装置での具体的な制御を、図3に示すフローチャートを用いて説明する。
【0031】
(ステップS1)
潤滑油の温度制御のため、ヒータの時間制御を行うタイマのカウントが0であるかどうかを判断し、0であれば、つまり、ヒータ動作中でなければ、次のステップS2へ進む。
0でなければ、つまり、ヒータ動作中であれば、ステップS6へ進む。
【0032】
(ステップS2)
エンジンの運転条件が、燃料により潤滑油が希釈されやすい運転条件かどうか検出するため、所定値以下の負荷が、第1所定時間以上継続しているかどうかを判断する。所定値以下の負荷とは、例えば、低アクセル開度で運転されている状態等をいい、アクセルセンサ18等により検出されており、一瞬ではなく、第1所定時間以上継続して、所定値以下の負荷であるときに初めて、燃料により潤滑油が希釈されやすい運転条件と判断される。
所定値以下の負荷が第1所定時間以上継続している場合は、次のステップS3へ進む。
所定値以下の負荷が第1所定時間以上継続していない場合は、ステップS8へ進む。
【0033】
(ステップS3)
エンジンの運転条件が、燃料により潤滑油が希釈されやすい運転条件かどうか検出するため、所定値以下のエンジン回転数Neが、第2所定時間以上継続しているかどうかを判断する。エンジン回転数Neは、クランク角センサにより検出されており、一瞬ではなく、第2所定時間以上継続して、所定値以下のエンジン回転数Neのときに初めて、燃料により潤滑油が希釈されやすい運転条件と判断される。
所定値以下のエンジン回転数Neが、第2所定時間以上継続している場合は、次のステップS4へ進む。
所定値以下のエンジン回転数Neが、第2所定時間以上継続していない場合は、ステップS8へ進む。
【0034】
(ステップS4)
エンジンの運転条件が、燃料により潤滑油が希釈されやすい運転条件かどうか検出するため、燃料噴射弁でのポスト噴射頻度をカウントし、ポスト噴射頻度が所定頻度以上であるかどうかを判断する。なお、燃料噴射弁でのポスト噴射頻度は、ECUによりカウントする。所定頻度としては、例えば、1分間に200パルス程度のポスト噴射がある場合等である。又、ポスト噴射頻度だけでなく、ポスト噴射のタイミングや噴射量を総合的に判断して、燃料により潤滑油が希釈されやすい運転条件かどうかを検出してもよい。
ポスト噴射頻度が、所定頻度以上継続している場合は、次のステップS5へ進む。
ポスト噴射頻度が、所定頻度以上継続していない場合は、ステップS8へ進む。
【0035】
なお、上記ステップS2からステップS4までの判断制御は、全てを満たす場合に限ることなく、ステップS2、S3だけ(図3中A部分だけ、つまり、低速、低負荷運転)の場合に、燃料により潤滑油が希釈されやすい運転条件と判断してもよいし、ステップS4だけ(図3中B部分だけ、つまり、ポスト噴射運転)の場合に、燃料により潤滑油が希釈されやすい運転条件と判断してもよい。
【0036】
(ステップS5)
上記判断条件を満たして、初めてヒータタイマが規定時間にセットされる。
例えば、規定時間としては30秒を設定し、一度、上記運転条件を満たせば、潤滑油が所定温度到達した場合を除き、規定時間だけヒータが通電されることになる。
(ステップS6)
オイルパンのヒータに電源を供給するため、ヒータ回路が通電される。
【0037】
(ステップS7)
ヒータ回路通電中は、温度センサにより潤滑油の温度が監視される。
潤滑油の温度が所定温度以上であれば、ステップS8へ進む。
潤滑油の温度が所定温度以上でなければ、ステップS10へ進む。
所定温度としては、85℃を設定する。
(ステップS8、9)
潤滑油の温度が所定温度以上であれば、ヒータタイマを0にリセットし、ヒータ回路を遮断して、スタートへ戻る。
(ステップS10)
潤滑油の温度が所定温度以上でなければ、ヒータタイマを1つ減算して、スタートへ戻る。
【0038】
つまり、燃料により潤滑油が希釈されやすい運転条件の場合には、潤滑油の温度が所定温度(図1中の温度▲1▼参照)以上になるように、ヒータが通電されて、潤滑油を加熱する。そして、潤滑油の温度が所定温度に到達するか、又は、ヒータの通電時間が規定時間に到達すると、ヒータの通電を遮断して、潤滑油を加熱しすぎないように制御する。このような潤滑油の温度制御を行うことで、燃料により潤滑油が希釈されやすい運転条件の場合には、潤滑油の温度を制御して、潤滑油が燃料に希釈されにくい状態になるようにしている。
【0039】
従来技術では、燃料の潤滑油への混入に対して、予防的な手段は考慮されていなかった。したがって、燃料が潤滑油へ混入する可能性の高い運転条件においても、燃料が潤滑油へ一旦混入した後、希釈度を測定し、許容希釈度を越えて始めて、希釈抑制装置が動作して、混入された燃料を分離、除去し、結果的に希釈度、つまり、潤滑油中の燃料量を抑制していた。そのため、徐々にではあるが、潤滑油の劣化が進むおそれがあった。
【0040】
ところが、本発明に係る内燃機関の潤滑油希釈防止装置では、燃料が潤滑油へ混入する可能性の高い運転条件を、予めに検出するようにしており、そのような運転条件の場合には、潤滑油の温度を燃料が蒸散する温度に保つことで、燃料が液化して潤滑油中に混入しないようにして、燃料の潤滑油への混入を予防している。又、気化された燃料は、クランクケース内のブローバイガスと共に、内燃機関の吸気通路側へ吸入されるため、再び液化して、潤滑油へ混入することは少ない。又、たとえ、燃料が潤滑油中に混入されてしまっても、潤滑油の温度により、潤滑油中からすばやく蒸散されてしまい、潤滑油中に含まれる燃料の量を、常に低い水準に維持することが可能となる。
【0041】
【発明の効果】
本発明によれば、燃料を液化しないようにして、潤滑油への混入を事前に予防することができると共に、潤滑油中に混入した燃料を蒸散させることで、潤滑油中の燃料量を低い水準に維持して、燃料による潤滑油の希釈を抑制することができる。そのため、潤滑油の寿命を延ばせると共に、潤滑油の粘度の低下を抑えて、エンジンの焼き付きや損傷を防止することができる。
【0042】
燃料による潤滑油の希釈を抑制することができるため、ポスト噴射を行うエンジンにおいても、潤滑油の潤滑性能を低減させることなく、潤滑油を良好な状態に保て、ポスト噴射による触媒の活性化と潤滑油の希釈防止を両立させることができ、触媒を最適な状態で使用することが可能となり、排気ガス中のNOx等をより低減することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】潤滑油中に混入する燃料量を潤滑油温度に対して示したグラフである。
【図2】本発明に係る内燃機関の潤滑油希釈防止装置の実施形態の一例を示す概略図である。
【図3】図2に示す内燃機関の潤滑油希釈防止装置の制御を示すフローチャートである。
【符号の説明】
1 エンジン
2 気筒
3 燃料噴射弁
4 シリンダ
5 ピストン
6 コンロッド
7 クランクシャフト
8 クランク角センサ
9 オイルパン
10 潤滑油
11 吸気通路
12 吸気弁
13 排気通路
14 排気弁
15 温度センサ
16 ヒータ
17 ECU
18 アクセルセンサ
[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a lubricating oil dilution prevention device for an internal combustion engine that suppresses the amount of fuel mixed into lubricating oil.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In order to respond to stricter exhaust gas regulations year by year, it is essential to install an exhaust gas post-treatment device such as a NOx catalyst or a DPF (diesel particulate filter). In these post-processing apparatuses, as a method of purging (purifying) substances accumulated inside, a post-injection technique (a technique of injecting fuel during an expansion stroke or the like) is used. For example, in a NOx catalyst, the interior of the NOx catalyst is reduced by a fuel injected by post-injection, and the temperature of the fuel is increased by burning the fuel to purify accumulated NOx, SOx, and the like. In the DPF, the stored harmful substances are burned by the fuel from the post injection to purify the fuel. Further, when the engine is started, the temperature of the catalyst is increased by fuel supply by post-injection to activate the catalyst.
[0003]
However, these post-injection fuels are not fuels that contribute to combustion, but are additionally supplied after the main injection fuel supply that contributes to combustion for activation of a catalyst or the like. Therefore, the fuel supplied by post-injection or the like is not used for combustion in the cylinder and almost flows into the exhaust passage depending on the injection start timing and the injection amount. Some of the unburned fuel adheres to the cylinder inner wall and the piston, etc., and the sliding movement of the piston causes the oil pan at the lower part of the engine together with the lubricating oil used for lubrication of the cylinder inner wall and the piston. It will be mixed in the lubricating oil. The unburned fuel mixed in the lubricating oil dilutes the lubricating oil itself, and the viscosity of the lubricating oil decreases, and the lubricating oil inherent lubricating performance is lost, which may cause seizure or damage of the engine.
[0004]
For this reason, techniques for suppressing dilution of lubricating oil with fuel have been conventionally proposed by various methods. For example, an oil pan is provided with a dilution degree detecting means for detecting the dilution degree of the lubricating oil, and when it is detected that the dilution degree exceeds the allowable dilution degree, the temperature or the like of the lubricating oil is controlled to remove the fuel mixed in the lubricating oil. A technique for suppressing and separating is disclosed (see Patent Document 1). Further, there is disclosed a technique for controlling the temperature of lubricating oil at the time of starting an engine for the purpose of removing methanol and combustion products (see Patent Document 2).
[0005]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-10-317936 (page 3-6, FIG. 1-11)
[Patent Document 2]
JP-A-6-33724 (pages 2-4, FIG. 1-4)
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the prior art, a special sensor is used to detect the degree of dilution of the lubricating oil by the fuel, which may increase the cost. In addition, since the degree of dilution is detected, the degree of dilution may increase to a predetermined threshold value, and the lubricating oil may gradually decrease in lubricating performance.
[0007]
Furthermore, simply preventing lubrication oil dilution at start-up is not sufficient to suppress lubrication oil dilution in an engine that performs post-injection, and even in operating conditions where lubrication oil is diluted. Therefore, it was necessary to actively suppress dilution.
[0008]
The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and has as its object to provide a lubricating oil dilution prevention device for an internal combustion engine, which has a simple configuration and prevents lubrication oil from being diluted by fuel.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
A lubricating oil dilution prevention device for an internal combustion engine according to the present invention that solves the above problems,
Used in internal combustion engines that lubricate each part with lubricating oil,
Operating condition detecting means for detecting operating conditions of the internal combustion engine,
A lubricating oil dilution suppression device for suppressing dilution of the lubricating oil by the fuel,
A lubricating oil dilution suppression control unit for controlling the lubrication oil dilution suppression device.
When the operating condition detected by the operating condition detecting means is determined to be an operating condition in which the lubricating oil is easily diluted with the fuel,
The lubricating oil dilution suppression control means controls the lubricating oil dilution suppression device so as to suppress the amount of fuel contained in the lubricating oil to a low level.
The lubricating oil dilution suppression device not only removes the fuel by evaporating the fuel mixed in the lubricating oil, but also prevents the liquefaction of the fuel and prevents the fuel from being mixed into the lubricating oil. Thus, the dilution of the lubricating oil by the fuel is suppressed.
The operating condition detecting means determines whether lubricating oil is easily diluted with fuel based on the amount of fuel injected, the timing of fuel injection, the number of times of fuel injection, the load and the number of revolutions of the internal combustion engine, and the like.
[0010]
A lubricating oil dilution prevention device for an internal combustion engine according to the present invention that solves the above problems,
In the above lubricating oil dilution prevention device for an internal combustion engine,
The internal combustion engine has in-cylinder injection means for injecting fuel into a cylinder of the internal combustion engine, a so-called direct injection type fuel supply device.
[0011]
A lubricating oil dilution prevention device for an internal combustion engine according to the present invention that solves the above problems,
In the above lubricating oil dilution prevention device for an internal combustion engine,
The operating conditions under which the lubricating oil is easily diluted with fuel are low-speed and low-load operation, that is, a state in which the temperature of the lubricating oil is low. Further, it is an operating condition for supplying fuel after supply of main fuel contributing to combustion.
[0012]
A lubricating oil dilution prevention device for an internal combustion engine according to the present invention that solves the above problems,
In the above lubricating oil dilution prevention device for an internal combustion engine,
The lubricating oil dilution suppression device is a heater that is provided in a lubricating oil tray (oil pan) or a lubricating oil passage and heats the lubricating oil.
[0013]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the amount of fuel in lubricating oil over a certain period of time with respect to lubricating oil temperature.
This was performed in order to confirm the amount of fuel contained in the lubricating oil by post-injection. Specifically, in a diesel engine, when a predetermined amount of post-injection was performed at a predetermined timing 2 is a graph showing the amount of fuel contained in the lubricating oil.
[0014]
As can be seen from FIG. 1, in a region where the lubricating oil temperature is low, the lower the temperature, the greater the amount of fuel in the lubricating oil. Such a state is a state in which the lubricating oil is diluted with the fuel, and the viscosity of the lubricating oil decreases, and it is difficult to maintain the performance of the lubricating oil.
[0015]
However, it can be seen that in the temperature range where the lubricating oil temperature is equal to or higher than the predetermined temperature (1), the fuel amount in the lubricating oil is suppressed to a substantially constant level at a low level. This is because when the lubricating oil temperature is equal to or higher than the predetermined temperature {circle around (1)}, the fuel mixed in the lubricating oil is apt to evaporate, and the vaporized fuel is difficult to liquefy. This is because the amount of fuel contained in the lubricating oil can be maintained at a low level. In other words, even when the fuel is likely to be contained in the lubricating oil due to post injection or the like, the fuel amount in the lubricating oil can be suppressed to a low level if the lubricating oil temperature is maintained at or above the temperature (1). Thus, the performance of the lubricating oil can be maintained.
[0016]
As a condition in which fuel is likely to be contained in the lubricating oil, post-injection may be continuously performed, and operation in a state where the temperature of the lubricating oil is low (the state of the region (2) in FIG. 1) may be continuously performed. Specifically, there are cases where the state of low-speed and low-load operation is continuously performed, and the temperature of the lubricating oil does not reach the temperature (1). When post-injection is performed continuously, there is a large amount of fuel that may be mixed into the lubricating oil, and when operation at low lubricating oil temperature is performed continuously, In this state, the fuel in the lubricating oil hardly evaporates. In particular, when low-speed, low-load operation is performed continuously, the lubricating oil temperature is low and post-injection is frequently used, and the amount of fuel contained in the lubricating oil is stable at a high level. Situation. However, even in such a case, if the lubricating oil temperature is forcibly raised to the temperature (1) and the lubricating oil temperature is adjusted, the amount of fuel contained in the lubricating oil can be suppressed to a low level. . The temperature (1) at which the fuel evaporates is appropriate as the adjusted temperature (1) of the lubricating oil. For example, about 80 ° C. to 90 ° C. is desirable, although it depends on the surrounding pressure.
[0017]
Therefore, in the present invention, the fuel before mixing is made into a state in which the fuel before mixing is hardly liquefied and hardly mixed into the lubricating oil, and the mixed fuel is easily vaporized and easily evaporated from the lubricating oil. In addition to preventing contamination of the lubricating oil, the mixed fuel evaporates from the lubricating oil, suppressing the amount of fuel contained in the lubricating oil to a low level, maintaining the proper state of the lubricating oil, Lubrication performance is maintained. Therefore, an embodiment of a lubricating oil dilution prevention device for an internal combustion engine according to the present invention having the above-described functions and effects will be described with reference to the following drawings.
[0018]
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of an embodiment of a lubricating oil dilution prevention device for an internal combustion engine according to the present invention.
[0019]
As shown in FIG. 2, in the lubricating oil dilution prevention device for an internal combustion engine according to the present invention, an engine 1 as an internal combustion engine is provided in a plurality of cylinders 2 serving as fuel combustion chambers, and in each cylinder 2, A fuel injection valve 3 (in-cylinder injection means) for directly injecting fuel into the cylinder 2, and a piston reciprocating along an inner wall of a cylinder 4 constituting the cylinder 2 by burning fuel introduced into the cylinder 5, a connecting rod 6 that is connected to the piston 5 and converts reciprocating motion into rotary motion, a crankshaft 7 that is rotated by the connecting rod 6, and the like. The crankshaft 7 is provided with a crank angle sensor 8 for detecting the angle of the crankshaft 7.
[0020]
An intake passage 11 is provided on the intake side of each cylinder 2, and intake air is introduced into the cylinder 2 by an intake valve 12 via an air cleaner or the like (not shown). An exhaust passage 13 is provided on the exhaust side of each cylinder 2, and exhaust gas after combustion is exhausted from the cylinder 2 by an exhaust valve 14, and the exhaust gas is purified through a catalyst (not shown) and the like. Release to atmosphere.
[0021]
A pressure accumulator (not shown) is connected to the fuel injection valve 3 so that fuel from a fuel tank is pressurized by a pump or the like and injected into the cylinder 2. Specifically, an appropriate fuel injection amount is controlled by setting a fuel injection amount according to the operating state and controlling the fuel pressure and the injection time of the fuel injection valve 3. The fuel injection valve 3 is configured to be capable of supplying not only the main injection fuel for combustion but also the post-injection fuel for the catalyst after the main injection.
[0022]
An oil pan 9 serving as a receiving pan is provided below the engine 1, and an appropriate amount of lubricating oil 10 is stored in the oil pan 9 to lubricate each part of the engine 1. Although not shown, the lubricating oil 10 is sucked up using a pump or the like, and then supplied to each part, and finally returns to the oil pan 9 so as to perform a lubricating function.
[0023]
In the lubricating oil dilution prevention device for an internal combustion engine according to the present invention, the oil pan 9 is provided with a temperature sensor 15 for detecting the temperature of the lubricating oil 10, and a heater 16 for heating the temperature of the lubricating oil 10 to a predetermined temperature or higher. A (lubricating oil dilution suppressing device) is provided below the oil pan 9. The heater 16 has a function of suppressing dilution of the lubricating oil by fuel by maintaining the temperature of the lubricating oil 10 at a predetermined temperature or higher. In addition, the temperature sensor 15 and the heater 16 may be provided not only in the oil pan 9 but also in a lubricating oil passage or the like through which the lubricating oil 10 flows into each part.
[0024]
An ECU (Electronic Control Unit) 17 performs an operation in accordance with a program and controls each device, a storage area such as a RAM and a ROM for recording programs, data, and operation results, and input and output of signals. The ECU 17 controls the above devices to operate the engine 1.
[0025]
The ECU 17 has an operating condition detecting means, counts an output from the crank angle sensor 8, detects a rotation speed Ne of the engine 1, and takes in a signal from an accelerator sensor 18 for detecting an accelerator opening. Thus, the operating condition of the engine 1 is detected. The operating conditions of the engine 1 are determined by monitoring not only the main fuel injection for combustion but also the timing, injection amount, frequency and the like of post-injection for the catalyst and the like.
[0026]
Further, the ECU 17 has a lubricating oil dilution suppression control unit for controlling the heater 16, monitors the operating condition of the engine 1 by the operating condition detecting unit, and determines that the operating condition is such that the lubricating oil 10 is easily diluted with fuel. In this case, for example, when the accelerator opening by the accelerator sensor 18 is low (low load) and the operation of the crank angle sensor 8 at a low rotation speed (low speed) of the engine 1 is performed continuously, that is, the lubricating oil temperature is low. In the case of or when the frequency of post-injection from the fuel injection valve 3 increases, the heating of the lubricating oil 10 is controlled using the heater 16 so that the temperature of the lubricating oil 10 becomes equal to or higher than a predetermined temperature. Of fuel is kept to a low level.
[0027]
Specifically, when the lubricating oil 10 satisfies the operating condition in which the lubricating oil 10 is easily diluted with fuel, the ECU 17 monitors the temperature of the lubricating oil 10 using the temperature sensor 15 in order to adjust the lubricating oil 10 to a predetermined temperature or higher. The temperature of the lubricating oil 10 is forcibly controlled to a predetermined temperature or higher by using the heater 16.
[0028]
According to the above configuration, in an operating condition in which the lubricating oil 10 is easily diluted with the fuel, the temperature of the lubricating oil 10 is maintained in the fuel evaporation temperature range, the vaporized fuel does not liquefy, and The fuel mixed in is quickly evaporated. Then, the vaporized fuel is re-inhaled into the intake pipe together with the blow-by gas and burned, so that it does not stay in the vicinity of the lubricating oil 10 in the oil pan 9 for a long time, and the amount of fuel in the lubricating oil is reduced. It is possible to keep it at a level.
[0029]
The lubricating oil dilution prevention device for an internal combustion engine according to the present invention is applicable to a diesel engine and a gasoline engine. Further, the present invention can be applied not only to the direct injection type but also to an engine having an intake pipe injection type fuel supply device.
[0030]
Next, specific control in the lubricating oil maintenance device for an internal combustion engine according to the present invention will be described with reference to the flowchart shown in FIG.
[0031]
(Step S1)
In order to control the lubricating oil temperature, it is determined whether or not the count of the timer for controlling the time of the heater is 0. If the count is 0, that is, if the heater is not operating, the process proceeds to the next step S2.
If it is not 0, that is, if the heater is operating, the process proceeds to step S6.
[0032]
(Step S2)
In order to detect whether or not the operating condition of the engine is an operating condition in which the lubricating oil is easily diluted by the fuel, it is determined whether or not a load equal to or less than a predetermined value has continued for a first predetermined time or more. The load equal to or less than the predetermined value refers to, for example, a state in which the vehicle is operated with a low accelerator opening, and is detected by the accelerator sensor 18 or the like. It is determined that the operating condition is such that the lubricating oil is likely to be diluted by the fuel only when the load is.
If the load equal to or less than the predetermined value has continued for the first predetermined time or more, the process proceeds to next step S3.
If the load equal to or less than the predetermined value has not continued for the first predetermined time, the process proceeds to step S8.
[0033]
(Step S3)
In order to detect whether the operating condition of the engine is an operating condition in which the lubricating oil is easily diluted by the fuel, it is determined whether or not the engine speed Ne equal to or less than a predetermined value has continued for a second predetermined time or more. The engine rotational speed Ne is detected by the crank angle sensor, and is not instantaneous, but continues for a second predetermined time or more, and only when the engine rotational speed Ne is equal to or less than the predetermined value, the lubricating oil is easily diluted with fuel. It is judged as a condition.
If the engine speed Ne equal to or less than the predetermined value has continued for the second predetermined time or more, the process proceeds to the next step S4.
When the engine speed Ne equal to or less than the predetermined value does not continue for the second predetermined time or more, the process proceeds to step S8.
[0034]
(Step S4)
In order to detect whether or not the operating condition of the engine is an operating condition in which the lubricating oil is easily diluted by the fuel, the post injection frequency at the fuel injection valve is counted, and it is determined whether the post injection frequency is equal to or higher than a predetermined frequency. The frequency of post injection at the fuel injection valve is counted by the ECU. The predetermined frequency is, for example, a case where there is a post injection of about 200 pulses per minute. Further, not only the post-injection frequency but also the post-injection timing and the injection amount may be comprehensively determined to detect whether or not the operating condition is such that the lubricating oil is easily diluted by the fuel.
If the post-injection frequency has continued for a predetermined frequency or more, the process proceeds to the next step S5.
If the post-injection frequency does not continue beyond the predetermined frequency, the process proceeds to step S8.
[0035]
Note that the determination control from step S2 to step S4 is not limited to the case where all of the conditions are satisfied, and only the steps S2 and S3 (only the portion A in FIG. 3, that is, low-speed, low-load operation) are performed using fuel. It may be determined that the operating condition is such that the lubricating oil is easily diluted, or that the operating condition is such that the lubricating oil is easily diluted by the fuel only in step S4 (only the portion B in FIG. 3, that is, the post-injection operation). You may.
[0036]
(Step S5)
The heater timer is set to the specified time for the first time when the above conditions are satisfied.
For example, the specified time is set to 30 seconds, and once the above operating conditions are satisfied, the heater is energized for the specified time except when the lubricating oil reaches a predetermined temperature.
(Step S6)
The heater circuit is energized to supply power to the heater of the oil pan.
[0037]
(Step S7)
During energization of the heater circuit, the temperature of the lubricating oil is monitored by the temperature sensor.
If the temperature of the lubricating oil is equal to or higher than the predetermined temperature, the process proceeds to step S8.
If the temperature of the lubricating oil is not equal to or higher than the predetermined temperature, the process proceeds to step S10.
85 ° C. is set as the predetermined temperature.
(Steps S8 and S9)
If the temperature of the lubricating oil is equal to or higher than the predetermined temperature, the heater timer is reset to 0, the heater circuit is shut off, and the process returns to the start.
(Step S10)
If the temperature of the lubricating oil is not equal to or higher than the predetermined temperature, the heater timer is decremented by one and the process returns to the start.
[0038]
In other words, in an operating condition in which the lubricating oil is easily diluted by the fuel, the heater is energized so that the temperature of the lubricating oil becomes equal to or higher than the predetermined temperature (refer to the temperature (1) in FIG. 1). Heat. Then, when the temperature of the lubricating oil reaches a predetermined temperature or when the energizing time of the heater reaches a specified time, the energizing of the heater is cut off to control so that the lubricating oil is not overheated. By controlling the temperature of the lubricating oil, the operating temperature of the lubricating oil is controlled so that the lubricating oil is difficult to be diluted with the fuel in an operating condition in which the lubricating oil is easily diluted by the fuel. ing.
[0039]
In the prior art, no precautionary measures have been taken for mixing fuel into lubricating oil. Therefore, even under the operating condition in which the fuel is likely to be mixed into the lubricating oil, after the fuel is once mixed into the lubricating oil, the dilution is measured, and only when the dilution exceeds the allowable dilution, the dilution suppressing device operates, The mixed fuel is separated and removed, and as a result, the dilution degree, that is, the amount of fuel in the lubricating oil is suppressed. For this reason, there is a possibility that the deterioration of the lubricating oil may progress, though gradually.
[0040]
However, in the lubricating oil dilution prevention device for an internal combustion engine according to the present invention, an operating condition in which fuel is likely to be mixed into the lubricating oil is detected in advance, and in such an operating condition, By keeping the temperature of the lubricating oil at a temperature at which the fuel evaporates, the fuel is prevented from being liquefied and mixed into the lubricating oil, thereby preventing the fuel from being mixed into the lubricating oil. Further, the vaporized fuel is sucked into the intake passage side of the internal combustion engine together with the blow-by gas in the crankcase, so that it is unlikely to be liquefied again and mixed into the lubricating oil. Further, even if the fuel is mixed into the lubricating oil, it is quickly evaporated from the lubricating oil due to the temperature of the lubricating oil, and the amount of fuel contained in the lubricating oil is always maintained at a low level. It becomes possible.
[0041]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, it is possible to prevent the fuel from being liquefied, to prevent mixing in the lubricating oil in advance, and to reduce the amount of fuel in the lubricating oil by evaporating the fuel mixed in the lubricating oil. By maintaining the level, the dilution of the lubricating oil by the fuel can be suppressed. Therefore, it is possible to extend the life of the lubricating oil, suppress the decrease in the viscosity of the lubricating oil, and prevent seizure and damage of the engine.
[0042]
Because the dilution of lubricating oil by fuel can be suppressed, even in engines that perform post-injection, the lubricating oil can be maintained in a good condition without reducing the lubricating performance of the lubricating oil, and the catalyst is activated by post-injection. And the prevention of dilution of lubricating oil can be achieved at the same time, the catalyst can be used in an optimal state, and NOx and the like in the exhaust gas can be further reduced.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the amount of fuel mixed into lubricating oil with respect to lubricating oil temperature.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing an example of an embodiment of a lubricating oil dilution prevention device for an internal combustion engine according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing control of the lubricating oil dilution prevention device for an internal combustion engine shown in FIG. 2;
[Explanation of symbols]
Reference Signs List 1 engine 2 cylinder 3 fuel injection valve 4 cylinder 5 piston 6 connecting rod 7 crankshaft 8 crank angle sensor 9 oil pan 10 lubricating oil 11 intake passage 12 intake valve 13 exhaust passage 14 exhaust valve 15 temperature sensor 16 heater 17 ECU
18 Accelerator sensor

Claims (5)

潤滑油により各部を潤滑する内燃機関であって、
前記内燃機関の運転条件を検出する運転条件検出手段と、
燃料による前記潤滑油の希釈を抑制する潤滑油希釈抑制装置と、
前記潤滑油希釈抑制装置を制御する潤滑油希釈抑制制御手段とを有し、
前記運転条件検出手段により検出された運転条件が、前記潤滑油が燃料により希釈され易い運転条件と判断された場合、
前記潤滑油中に含まれる燃料の量を低い水準に抑制するように、前記潤滑油希釈抑制制御手段が前記潤滑油希釈抑制装置を制御することを特徴とする内燃機関の潤滑油希釈防止装置。
An internal combustion engine lubricating each part with lubricating oil,
Operating condition detecting means for detecting operating conditions of the internal combustion engine,
A lubricating oil dilution suppressing device for suppressing dilution of the lubricating oil by fuel,
Having lubricating oil dilution suppression control means for controlling the lubricating oil dilution suppression device,
When the operating condition detected by the operating condition detecting means is determined to be an operating condition in which the lubricating oil is easily diluted with fuel,
A lubricating oil dilution prevention device for an internal combustion engine, wherein the lubricating oil dilution suppression control means controls the lubricating oil dilution suppression device so as to suppress the amount of fuel contained in the lubricating oil to a low level.
請求項1記載の内燃機関の潤滑油希釈防止装置において、
前記内燃機関は、燃料を前記内燃機関の気筒内に噴射する筒内噴射手段を有することを特徴とする内燃機関の潤滑油希釈防止装置。
The lubricating oil dilution prevention device for an internal combustion engine according to claim 1,
The lubricating oil dilution prevention device for an internal combustion engine, wherein the internal combustion engine has in-cylinder injection means for injecting fuel into a cylinder of the internal combustion engine.
請求項1又は請求項2記載の内燃機関の潤滑油希釈防止装置において、
前記潤滑油が燃料により希釈され易い前記運転条件は、低速及び低負荷運転であることを特徴とする内燃機関の潤滑油希釈防止装置。
The lubricating oil dilution prevention device for an internal combustion engine according to claim 1 or 2,
The lubricating oil dilution prevention device for an internal combustion engine, wherein the operating condition in which the lubricating oil is easily diluted with fuel is a low-speed and low-load operation.
請求項1乃至請求項3のいずれかに記載の内燃機関の潤滑油希釈防止装置において、
前記潤滑油が燃料により希釈され易い前記運転条件は、燃焼に寄与する主燃料の供給以降に燃料を供給する運転条件であることを特徴とする内燃機関の潤滑油希釈防止装置。
The lubricating oil dilution prevention device for an internal combustion engine according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
The lubricating oil dilution prevention device for an internal combustion engine, wherein the operating condition in which the lubricating oil is easily diluted by fuel is an operating condition for supplying fuel after supply of main fuel contributing to combustion.
請求項1乃至請求項4のいずれかに記載の内燃機関の潤滑油希釈防止装置において、
前記潤滑油希釈抑制装置は、前記潤滑油の受け皿、又は前記潤滑油の通路に設けられ、前記潤滑油を加熱するヒータであることを特徴とする内燃機関の潤滑油希釈防止装置。
The lubricating oil dilution prevention device for an internal combustion engine according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
The lubricating oil dilution suppression device for an internal combustion engine, wherein the lubricating oil dilution suppressing device is a heater that is provided in the lubricating oil tray or the lubricating oil passage and heats the lubricating oil.
JP2003138603A 2003-05-16 2003-05-16 Lubricating oil dilution preventing device of internal combustion engine Pending JP2004340056A (en)

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