JP2004323538A - Process for producing water soluble copolymer - Google Patents

Process for producing water soluble copolymer Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004323538A
JP2004323538A JP2003115498A JP2003115498A JP2004323538A JP 2004323538 A JP2004323538 A JP 2004323538A JP 2003115498 A JP2003115498 A JP 2003115498A JP 2003115498 A JP2003115498 A JP 2003115498A JP 2004323538 A JP2004323538 A JP 2004323538A
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Japan
Prior art keywords
water
parts
copolymer
ethylenically unsaturated
acid
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JP2003115498A
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JP4217956B2 (en
JP2004323538A5 (en
Inventor
Kunio Shimizu
邦夫 清水
Akira Murakawa
昭 村川
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DIC Corp
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Dainippon Ink and Chemicals Co Ltd
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  • Polymerisation Methods In General (AREA)
  • Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
  • Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a process for producing a water soluble copolymer which particularly does not substantially contain a combustible solvent without using any surface active agent. <P>SOLUTION: The process for producing the water soluble copolymer comprises initiating suspension polymerization of a mixture obtained by adding an alcohol (C) to an ethylenically unsaturated monomer (B) containing an ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid (A) in a dispersion medium (G) composed of at least one kind (D) selected from a polyacrylic acid, a polymethacrylic acid, and an acrylic acid/methacrylic copolymer and water (F), adding a polyvinyl alcohol (E) to the dispersion medium during the course of the polymerization, inhibiting the agglomeration and coalescence of copolymer particles to complete the suspension polymerization, washing the obtained copolymer particles with water, purifying the resulting copolymer particles, and neutralizing the purified copolymer particles in an alkali aqueous solution to dissolve. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、水溶性共重合体の製造法に関する。更に詳しくは、機能性共重合体として、資源保護、環境保全などの観点から水性化のニーズが高まる中で、例えば、塗料、粘着剤、接着剤、シール剤、表面処理剤、繊維加工剤などの広範囲の用途に応用可能な水溶性共重合体の製造法に関する。
本発明の製造法で得られる水溶性共重合体は、糊付時は水溶性であり、製織時における皮膜は優れた耐水性を有し、精練・糊抜時における該皮膜はアルカリ水溶液に再可溶可能であるといった3種の構造的特性を示し、特に、ウォータージェットルーム製織用糊剤に好適である。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来、水溶性共重合体として、エチレン性不飽和カルボン酸とアクリル酸及び/又はメタクリル酸のエステルとを、アルコール溶媒中で共重合させた後、アルコールを留去しながら、揮発性アルカリおよび水を同時に添加する製造法(例えば、特許文献1。)などが提案されている。
しかしながら、かかる製造法は、メチルアルコールやプロピルアルコール等の引火性溶媒中で重合を行うために安全性に問題がある。また、得られる水溶性共重合体を消防法で規定する非危険物に該当させるためには、アルコール含有量が5%未満になるまでアルコールの留去を必要とするという問題もある。
【0003】
また、エチレン性不飽和カルボン酸を含むエチレン性不飽和単量体混合物を乳化重合後、揮発性アルカリで中和し、カルボン酸塩を有するエチレン性共重合体とする方法も一般的によく知られている。
しかしながら、この方法は簡便な製造方法ではあるが、得られるエチレン性共重合体中に多量の界面活性剤を含むため、生成する皮膜の耐水性、熱安定性、透明性、電気的性質などに劣り極めて問題がある。
【0004】
更に、エチレン性不飽和カルボン酸とアクリル酸及び/又はメタクリル酸のエステルとからなるエチレン性不飽和単量体の混合物を、特定の分散条件下で懸濁重合する方法(例えば、特許文献2、特許文献3。)などが提案されている。
これらの懸濁重合による製造法は、重合開始前や重合初期段階から過度な分散力を有するポリビニールアルコールを使用しているので、親水性のエチレン性不飽和カルボン酸を高い含有率で含むエチレン不飽和単量体や乳化した重合体が水層に流出し、収率が低下して重合体の酸価が理論値より大幅に低下してしまう場合がある。
また、特に、メタクリル酸の低級アルコールエステルを含む単量体組成で、過酸化ベンゾイルなどの過酸化物を開始剤に使用した場合、アルカリ水溶液に溶解し難い架橋した共重合体粒子を副生してしまうという問題がある。
【0005】
【特許文献1】
特開平2−269781号公報(第2頁左欄下4行目〜第4頁左欄上6行目)
【特許文献2】
特開平6−157677号公報(第2頁段落「0005」〜第3頁段落「0017」)
【特許文献3】
特開2002−371118号公報(第2頁段落「0006」〜第3頁段落「0019」)
【0006】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明の目的は、水溶性のエチレン性共重合体の製造法であり、特に、可燃性溶剤を実質的に含まない、高酸価のエチレン性共重合体を用いた水溶液の製造法を提供することにある。また、本発明のエチレン性共重合体の製造法は、界面活性剤を全く使用しない。
尚、本発明でいう「実質的に含まない」とは、エチレン性共重合体の水溶液中に、好ましくは0.05重量%以下、より好ましくは0.01%以下、更に好ましくは0.001%以下含有することを意味し、特に好ましくは含有していないことを意味する。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らは、上記課題を解決すべく鋭意研究を重ねた結果、エチレン性不飽和カルボン酸(A)を含むエチレン性不飽和単量体(B)を、可燃性溶剤や界面活性剤を実質的に含まない特定の分散媒(G)中で懸濁重合させることにより、得られる共重合体粒子が、(1)アルカリ中和により水溶性となり、次いで(2)(1)で得られた水溶液を乾燥して得られる皮膜が優れた耐水性を有しており、更に、(3)該皮膜がアルカリ水溶液にて再可溶し回収・再利用が可能であることを見出し、本発明を完成するに至った。
即ち、本発明は、エチレン性不飽和カルボン酸(A)を含むエチレン性不飽和単量体(B)に、アルコール(C)を添加した混合物を、ポリアクリル酸、ポリメタクリル酸、アクリル酸・メタクリル酸共重合体から選ばれる少なくとも一種(D)、水(F)から成る分散媒(G)中で、懸濁重合を開始させ、該重合の進行途上、分散媒中にポリビニールアルコール(E)を添加して、共重合体粒子の凝集、合体を防止し懸濁重合を完結させて得られる共重合体粒子を、水洗、精製し、アルカリ水溶液中で中和溶解することを特徴とする水溶性共重合体の製造法を提供するものである。
【0008】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明の水溶性共重合体の製造法は、エチレン性不飽和カルボン酸(A)を含むエチレン性不飽和単量体(B)に、特定のアルコール(C)を添加したエチレン性不飽和単量体混合物を懸濁重合する際に、ポリアクリル酸、ポリメタクリル酸、アクリル酸・メタクリル酸共重合体から選ばれる少なくとも一種(D)、水(F)から成る分散媒(G)中で、前記エチレン性不飽和単量体混合物を油滴状に分散させ、特定の油溶性重合開始剤を使用し所定温度で懸濁重合を開始させる。懸濁重合が進行する過程でポリビニールアルコール(E)水溶液を添加し、懸濁粒子の凝集、合体を防止し懸濁重合を完結させる。得られた共重合体粒子を分散媒(G)から濾別し、更に充分に水洗し精製し、ポリアクリル酸、メタクリル酸、アクリル酸・メタクリル酸共重合体などの未反応物や、ポリビニールアルコールなどの分散剤、単量体混合物に添加したアルコール、副生した高酸価オリゴマーなどの夾雑物を除去し、アンモニアなどの揮発性アルカリ水溶液で中和溶解させ、水溶性共重合体の水溶液とすることを特徴とする。
【0009】
本発明で使用するエチレン性不飽和カルボン酸(A)を含むエチレン性不飽和単量体(B)としては、例えば、アクリル酸、メタクリル酸、β−カルボキシエチル(メタ)アクリレ−ト、2−(メタ)アクリロイルポロピオン酸、クロトン酸、イタコン酸、マレイン酸、マレイン酸ハーフエステル、イタコン酸ハーフエステル、無水マレイン酸、無水イタコン酸などのエチレン性不飽和カルボン酸、(メタ)アクリルアミド、N−メチロール(メタ)アクリルアミド、N−イソプロポキシメル(メタ)アクリルアミド、N−プロポキシメチル(メタ)アクリルアミド、N−イソブトキシメチル(メタ)アクリルアミドなどのメチロールアミド基またはそのアルコキシ化物含有重合性単量体;ビニルトリクロロシラン、ビニルトリメトキシシラン、ビニルトリエトキシシラン、ビニルトリス(β−メトキシエトキシ)シラン、γ−(メタ)アクリロキシプロピルトリメトキシシラン、γ−(メタ)アクリロキシプロピルトリエトキシシラン、γ−(メタ)アクリロキシプロピルメチルジメトキシシラン、γ−(メタ)アクリロキシプロピルメチルジエトキシシラン、γ−(メタ)アクリロキシプロピルトリイソプロポキシシラン、N−β−(N−ビニルベンジルアミノエチル)−γ−アミノプロピルトリメトキシシラン及びその塩酸塩等のシリル基含有重合性単量体;2−アジリジニルエチル(メタ)アクリレート等のアジリジニル基含有重合性単量体;(メタ)アクリロイルイソシアナート、(メタ)アクリロイルイソシアナートエチルのフェノール或いはメチルエチルケトオキシム付加物等のイソシアナート基及び/又はブロック化イソシアナート基含有重合性単量体;2−イソプロペニル−2−オキサゾリン、2−ビニル−2−オキサゾリン等のオキサゾリン基含有重合性単量体;(メタ)アクリルアミド、N−モノアルキル(メタ)アクリルアミド、N、N−ジアルキル(メタ)アクリルアミド等のアミド基含有重合性単量体;ジシクロペンテニル(メタ)アクリレート等のシクロペンテニル基含有重合性単量体;アリル(メタ)アクリレート等のアリル基含有重合性単量体;アクロレイン、ジアセトン(メタ)アクリルアミド等のカルボニル基含有重合性単量体;アセトアセトキシエチル(メタ)アクリレート等のアセトアセチル基含有重合性単量体、メチル(メタ)アクリレート、エチル(メタ)アクリレート、n−ブチル(メタ)アクリレート、イソブチル(メタ)アクリレート、t−ブチル(メタ)アクリレート、2−エチルヘキシル(メタ)アクリレート、ヘキシル(メタ)アクリレート、シクロヘキシル(メタ)アクリレート、オクチル(メタ)アクリレート、ノニル(メタ)アクリレート、ドデシル(メタ)アクリレート、ステアリル(メタ)アクリレート、イソボルニル(メタ)アクリレート、ジシクロペンタニル(メタ)アクリレート、フェニル(メタ)アクリレート、ベンジル(メタ)アクリレート等の(メタ)アクリル酸エステル類;2,2,2−トリフルオロエチル(メタ)アクリレート、2,2,3,3−ペンタフルオロプロピル(メタ)アクリレート、パーフルオロシクロヘキシル(メタ)アクリレート、2,2,3,3,−テトラフルオロプロピル(メタ)アクリレート、β−(パーフルオロオクチル)エチル(メタ)アクリレート等のフッ素含有エチレン性不飽和単量体;酢酸ビニル、プロピオン酸ビニル、ビニルブチラート、バーサチック酸ビニル等のビニルエステル類;メチルビニルエーテル、エチルビニルエーテル、プロピルビニルエーテル、ブチルビニルエーテル、アミルビニルエーテル、ヘキシルビニルエーテル等のビニルエーテル類;(メタ)アクリロニトリル等のニトリル基含有エチレン性不飽和単量体;スチレン、α−メチルスチレン、ビニルトルエン、ビニルアニソール、α−ハロスチレン、ビニルナフタリン、ジビニルスチレン等の芳香族環を有するビニル化合物;イソプレン、クロロプレン、ブタジエン、エチレン、テトラフルオロエチレン、フッ化ビニリデン、N−ビニルピロリドン等のラジカル重合可能な単量体等が挙げられ、これらの1種又は2種以上の混合物を使用することができる。
アルカリ中和し水溶液を得るのに必要なカルボキシル基をエチレン性不飽和単量体(B)に導入するには、エチレン性不飽和単量体(B)中のエチレン性不飽和カルボン酸(A)の混合割合が、(A)/(B)=5/100〜30/100重量比の範囲が好ましく、(A)/(B)=7/100〜15/100の範囲がより好ましい。
エチレン性不飽和単量体(B)中のエチレン性不飽和カルボン酸(A)の混合割合がかかる範囲であれば、共重合体粒子はアルカリ中和により水溶性共重合体となり、水溶性共重合体を乾燥して得られる皮膜は耐水性とアルカリ可溶性の調和が取れる。すなわち、エチレン性不飽和カルボン酸(A)の割合が低ければ共重合体はアルカリ中和しても充分な水溶性が得られない、反面、エチレン性不飽和カルボン酸(A)の割合が高ければ共重合体は、アルカリ中和によって水溶性共重合体となるが、乾燥皮膜の耐水性が損なわれ、特にウォータージェットルーム製織用糊剤用途には好ましくない。
【0010】
また、発明においては、必要に応じて公知の連鎖移動剤を用いてもよく、連鎖移動剤としては、例えば、ドデシルメルカプタン、オクチルメルカプタン、チオグリコール酸オクチル、チオフエノールなどが挙げられる。
【0011】
本発明においては、エチレン性共重合体の架橋を抑制させる目的で、エチレン性不飽和単量体(B)にアルコール(C)を添加する。
かかるアルコール(C)としては、例えば、メタノール、エタノール、1−プロパノール、2−プロパノール、1−ブタノール、2−ブタノール、イソブタノール、t−ブタノール、及び炭素数5〜10のアルコール等のアルコール類が挙げられ、好ましくは炭素数1〜4のアルコールであり、より好ましくは炭素数3のアルコールである。これらアルコール類は単独使用でもよく2種以上を併用してもよい。
本発明において、エチレン性不飽和単量体(B)に添加するアルコール(C)の混合割合が、(C)/(B)=2/100〜20/100重量比の範囲が好ましく、より好ましくは(C)/(B)=5/100〜10/100重量比の範囲である。
エチレン性不飽和単量体(B)とアルコール(C)との混合割合がかかる範囲であれば、架橋した共重合体の副生が抑制できる。副生物である架橋した共重合体は、アルカリ中和しても膨潤するのみで水溶化せず、本発明の目的である塗工、含浸、スプレーなどの溶液状態で扱う応用用途に適さず、好ましくない。
【0012】
次に、本発明の水溶性共重合体の製造法で用いる分散媒(G)の構成成分について記述する。
本発明の水溶性共重合体の製造法において、エチレン性不飽和単量体(B)と分散媒(G)との混合割合は、(B)/(G)=5/95〜65/35重量比の範囲であることが好ましい。
【0013】
本発明で用いる分散媒(G)とは、ポリアクリル酸、ポリメタクリル酸、アクリル酸・メタクリル酸共重合体から選ばれる少なくとも一種(D)と、ポリビニールアルコール(E)、及び水(F)にて構成される分散媒である。
上記分散媒(G)において、ポリアクリル酸、ポリメタクリル酸、アクリル酸・メタクリル酸共重合体から選ばれる少なくとも一種(D)、ポリビニールアルコール(E)、水(F)の構成単位の混合割合は、(D)/(E)/(F)=0.1〜1/0.1〜1/100重量比の範囲であることが好ましい。
(D)と(E)と(F)の混合割合がかかる範囲であれば、水洗、精製およびアルカリ中和、溶解に好適な粒子が安定に形成される。その反面(D)/(E)/(F)の混合割合が上記範囲外であると、収率の低下をきたしたり、エチレン性不飽和単量体の乳化が増長したり、あるいは共重合体粒子の安定化が損なわれ、時として粒子の凝集、合体、塊状化などの不都合が生じる畏れがあり好ましくない。
【0014】
本発明において、(D)として用いるポリアクリル酸、ポリメタクリル酸、アクリル酸・メタクリル酸共重合体は、特に制限されないが、平均分子量が5万〜100万のものが好ましく、例えば、ジュンロン P−11M、ジュリマー AC−10H、AC−20H(いずれも日本純薬(株)製)などが挙げられる。これらは単独使用でもよく、2種以上を併用してもよい。
ポリアクリル酸、ポリメタクリル酸、アクリル酸・メタクリル酸共重合体から選ばれる少なくとも一種(D)は、前記エチレン性不飽和単量体混合物が分散媒(G)中で適度な油滴を形成するための分散剤であって、分散媒(G)100部に対し0.01〜1.0部の範囲で添加することが好ましい。
【0015】
本発明で用いるポリビニールアルコール(E)は、懸濁重合の進行中、懸濁粒子の凝集や合体を防止する目的で添加するものであり、添加時期は重合開始剤添加後であれば懸濁重合中のいずれの時期でもよいが、好ましくは実施例で示すように重合開始剤添加20〜60分後である。
ポリビニールアルコール(E)の使用量は、分散媒(G)100部に対して、0.01〜1.0部(ポリビニールアルコールは14%水溶液が取扱い易い)が好ましい。
本発明で用いるポリビニールアルコール(E)は、特に限定されないが、鹸化度70〜100%、重合度100〜3200の範囲のものが好ましく、例えば、ポバール 205((株)クラレ)、ゴーセノール NL−05(日本合成(株))、ポバール PA−05(信越化学(株))などが挙げられる。これらポリビニールアルコールは単独使用でもよく、2種以上を併用してもよい。
【0016】
本発明で用いる油溶性重合開始剤としては、例えば、ベンゾイルパーオキサイド、ラウロイルパーオキサイド、t−ブチルパーオキシ−2−エチルヘキサネート、メチルエチルケトンパーオキサイドなどの有機過酸化物、アゾビスイソブチルニトリル、(1−フエニルエチル)アゾジ−フエニルメタン、2,2−アゾビス(4−メトキシ−2,4−ジメチルバレロニトリル)などのアゾ化合物が挙げられる。これら重合開始剤は単独使用でもよく、2種以上を併用してもよい。
上記油溶性重合開始剤の使用量は、エチレン性不飽和単量体(B)100部に対し、好ましくは0.1〜2.0部の範囲であり、より好ましくは0.3〜1.5部の範囲である。
【0017】
更に、前記懸濁重合で得られた共重合体粒子を水洗、精製後、アルカリ中和し溶解させて、水溶液に調製する。
上記の中和に使用するアルカリとは、例えば、アンモニア、及びモノメチルアミン、ジメチルアミン、トリメチルアミン、モノエチルアミン、ジエチルアミン、トリエチルアミンなどの揮発性アルキルアミン、及びモノメチルエタノールアミン、ジメチルエタノールアミン、モノエチルエタノールアミン、ジエチルエタノールアミンなどの揮発性アルキルアルカノールアミンなどが挙げられる。これらアルカリは単独使用でもよく、2種以上の併用してもよい。
【0018】
本発明の製造法で得られる水溶性共重合体は、機能性共重合体として、資源保護、環境保全などの観点から水性化のニーズが高まる中で、例えば、塗料、粘着剤、接着剤、シール剤、表面処理剤、繊維加工剤などの広範囲の用途に応用可能である。
【0019】
本発明の製造法で得られる水溶性共重合体は、下記の形態(1)〜(3)に示すように、「糊付時は水溶性の形態(1)」、「製織時における皮膜は耐水性の形態(2)」、「精練・糊抜時における皮膜はアルカリ水溶液に再可溶性の形態(3)」というように3つの形態変化をとることが可能であり、特に、ウォータージェットルーム製織用糊剤に好適である。
【0020】
【化1】

Figure 2004323538
【0021】
【実施例】
以下に、実施例及び比較例を示し、本発明を具体的に説明する。特に断らない限り、例中の「部」及び「%」はそれぞれ「固形分重量部」及び「固形分%」を表す。諸特性は以下に記した方法により測定した。尚、本発明はこれら実施例のみに限定されるものではない。
【0022】
[水溶性共重合体の収率の計算方法]
水溶性共重合体の収率は下記の計算式に従い求めた
Y(%)=P×NV/G
Y:収率(%)
P:水溶性共重合体の収量(g)
NV:エチレン性水溶性共重合体の105℃、90分乾燥後不揮発分(%)
G:仕込んだエチレン性不飽和単量体量(g)
【0023】
[水溶性共重合体中の残存溶媒の測定方法]
水溶性共重合体の100倍希釈水溶液を、ガスクロマトグラフ(島津製作所(株)製GC−7AG、カラム:PEG−20M、2.5%、3m、インジェクション温度:250℃、カラム温度:100℃、検出機の種類:FID)で測定。
【0024】
[皮膜の作製方法(イ)]
厚さ0.1mmのポリエステルフィルムで作られた縦7.5cm×横7.5cmトレー中に、固形分約10%に希釈した水溶性共重合体を5ml流し込み、水平に保ちながら120℃で90分間熱風乾燥機中で乾燥させた後、トレーより生成した皮膜を剥がす。
【0025】
[酸価の測定方法]
作製方法(イ)で得た皮膜又は懸濁重合させて得た共重合体粒子の乾燥物を、0.5g精秤し、エタノール溶液とし、0.1N水酸化カリウム/エタノ−ル溶液で滴定する常法にて測定し、単位mgKOH/gにて表す。
【0026】
[吸水率の測定方法]
作製方法(イ)で作製した縦5cm×横5cmの皮膜の吸水率を下記の計算式に従い計算する。
H(%)=(A−B)×100/A
H:吸水率(%)
B:120℃、90分間乾燥直後の皮膜重量
A:Bの皮膜を23℃.水中90分浸漬後,表面の濡れを濾紙で軽く拭き取った重量
【0027】
[ガラス転移点(Tg)の算出方法]
Polymer Handbook(John−Wiley)1966などに記載されている数値を引用し、下記の計算式で算出する。
1/(Tg)n=Wa/(Tg)a+Wb/(Tg)b+Wc/(Tg)c
(Tg)n:共重合体のガラス転移点Tg(℃)
Wa、Wb、Wc:共重合体における各エチレン性不飽和単量体の組成比率
(Tg)a、(Tg)b、(Tg)c:各エチレン性単量体のホモポリマーのTg
【0028】
《実施例1》
撹拌機、温度計、還流冷却器を備えた1リットルの四つ口セパラブルフラスコ中に、脱イオン水516部、ポリアクリル酸(日本純薬(株)製、ジュリマー AC−10H)7.5部、亜硝酸ソーダ0.05部を、溶解させて、内温80℃に昇温する。次いで、窒素雰囲気下で、メタクリル酸31.1部、アクリル酸7.7部、アクリル酸エチル51.6部、メタクリル酸ブチル38.7部、メタクリル酸メチル129.0部、ラウリルメルカプタン0.38部、イソプロピルアルコール25.61部のエチレン性不飽和単量体を主体とする混合物を添加した。撹拌回転数を220rpm、内温78℃に保持し、ベンゾイルパーオキサイドの75%湿体品3.47部添加し3時間熟成し、ベンゾイルパーオキサイド添加45分後に、14%ポリビニールアルコール(信越化学(株)製、ポバール PA−05)水溶液7.15部添加し、懸濁粒子の凝集を防止した。
重合終了後、懸濁液を200メッシュのポリエチレンネットで濾別、水にて洗浄し、共重合体粒子を得た。洗浄した共重合体粒子を、四つ口セパラブルフラスコに戻し、水を加えて合計976.9部とし、撹拌しながら内温80℃に加熱し、次いで25%アンモニア水23.1部を添加し完全に溶解させ、水溶性共重合体の水溶液1000部を得た。得られた本発明の水溶性共重合体の水溶液の特性値を表1に示した。
【0029】
《実施例2》
実施例1と同様のセパラブルフラスコ中に、脱イオン水512.1部、ポリアクリル酸(日本純薬(株)製、ジュリマー AC−10H)0.8部、亜硝酸ソーダ0.05部を、溶解させて、内温80℃に昇温する。次いで、窒素雰囲気下で、メタクリル酸25.6部、アクリル酸10.3部、アクリル酸ブチル51.21部、アクリル酸エチル56.33部、メタクリル酸メチル112.64部、ラウリルメルカプタン0.5部、イソプロピルアルコール25.6部のエチレン性不飽和単量体を主体とする混合物を添加した。撹拌回転数を220rpm、内温78℃に保持し、ベンゾイルパーオキサイドの75%湿体品4.02部添加し3時間熟成し、ベンゾイルパーオキサイド添加40分後に、14%ポリビニールアルコール(信越化学(株)製、ポバール PA−05)水溶液9.7部添加し、懸濁粒子の凝集を防止した。
重合終了後、懸濁液を200メッシュのポリエチレンネットで濾別、水にて洗浄し、共重合体粒子を得た。洗浄された共重合体粒子を、四つ口セパラブルフラスコに戻し、水を加えて合計978.8部とし、撹拌しながら内温80℃に加熱し、次いで25%アンモニア水21.2部を添加し完全に溶解させ、水溶性共重合体の水溶液1000部を得た。得られた本発明の水溶性共重合体の水溶液の特性値を表1に示した。
【0030】
《実施例3》
実施例1と同様のセパラブルフラスコ中に、脱イオン水685.80部、ポリアクリル酸(日本純薬(株)製、ジュリマー AC−10H)1.5部、亜硝酸ソーダ0.06部を、溶解させて、内温80℃に昇温する。次いで、窒素雰囲気下で、メタクリル酸11.1部、アクリル酸10.1部、アクリル酸エチル261.45部、アクリルニトリル31.5部、ラウリルメルカプタン0.25部、イソプロピルアルコール31.5部のエチレン性不飽和単量体を主体とする混合物を添加した。撹拌回転数を220rpm、内温78℃に保持し、ベンゾイルパーオキサイドの75%湿体品4.21部添加し3時間熟成し、ベンゾイルパーオキサイド添加30分後に、14%ポリビニールアルコール(信越化学(株)製、ポバール PA−05)水溶液11.13部添加し、懸濁粒子の凝集を防止した。
重合終了後、懸濁液を200メッシュのポリエチレンネットで濾別、水にて洗浄し、共重合体粒子を得た。洗浄された共重合体粒子を、四つ口セパラブルフラスコに戻し、水を加えて合計984.8部とし、撹拌しながら内温80℃に加熱し、次いで25%アンモニア水15.2部を添加し完全に溶解させ、水溶性共重合体の水溶液1000部を得た。得られた本発明の水溶性共重合体の水溶液の特性値を表1に示した。
【0031】
《実施例4》
実施例1と同様のセパラブルフラスコ中に、脱イオン水708.43部、ポリアクリル酸(日本純薬(株)製、ジュリマー AC−10H)1.54部、亜硝酸ソーダ0.06部を、溶解させて、内温70℃に昇温する。次いで、窒素雰囲気下で、メタクリル酸11.4部、アクリル酸11.4部、アクリル酸エチル270.08部、アクリルニトリル32.54部、ラウリルメルカプタン0.26部、イソプロピルアルコール32.5部のエチレン性不飽和単量体を主体とする混合物を添加した。撹拌回転数を220rpm、内温70℃に保持し、2−2アゾビスイソブチロニトリル1.6部添加し3時間熟成し、2,2−アゾビスイソブチロニトリル添加30分後に、14%ポリビニールアルコール(信越化学(株)製、ポバール PA−05)水溶液11.13部添加し、懸濁粒子の凝集を防止した。
重合終了後、懸濁液を200メッシュのポリエチレンネットで濾別、水にて洗浄し、共重合体粒子を得た。洗浄された共重合体粒子を、四つ口セパラブルフラスコに戻し、水を加えて合計984.8部とし、撹拌しながら内温80℃に加熱し、次いで25%アンモニア水15.2部を添加し完全に溶解させ、水溶性共重合体の水溶液1000部を得た。得られた本発明の水溶性共重合体の水溶液の特性値を表1に示した。
【0032】
《実施例5》
実施例1と同様のセパラブルフラスコ中に、脱イオン水512.1部、ポリアクリル酸(日本純薬(株)製、ジュリマー AC−10H)0.8部、亜硝酸ソーダ0.05部を、溶解させて、内温80℃に昇温する。次いで、窒素雰囲気下で、メタクリル酸25.0部、アクリル酸10.3部、アクリル酸ブチル51.21部、アクリル酸エチル56.33部、メタクリル酸メチル112.64部、ラウリルメルカプタン0.5部、n−ブチルアルコール25.6部のエチレン性不飽和単量体を主体とする混合物を添加した。撹拌回転数を220rpm、内温78℃に保持し、ベンゾイルパーオキサイドの75%湿体品4.02部添加し3時間熟成し、ベンゾイルパーオキサイド添加40分後に、14%ポリビニールアルコール(信越化学(株)製、ポバール PA−05)水溶液9.7部添加し、懸濁粒子の凝集を防止した。
重合終了後、懸濁液を200メッシュのポリエチレンネットで濾別、水にて洗浄し、共重合体粒子を得た。洗浄された共重合体粒子を、四つ口セパラブルフラスコに戻し、水を加えて合計978.8部とし、撹拌しながら内温80℃に加熱し、次いで25%アンモニア水21.2部を添加し完全に溶解させ、水溶性共重合体の水溶液1000部を得た。得られた本発明の水溶性共重合体の水溶液の特性値を表1に示した。
【0033】
《比較例1》
実施例1と同様のセパラブルフラスコ中に、イソプロピルアルコール250部を仕込み、内温80℃に昇温する。次いで、窒素雰囲気下で、下記のエチレン性不飽和単量体混合物(注1)を50部、ベンゾイルパーオキサイドの75%湿体品4部を添加し、内温78℃に保持した。ベンゾイルパーオキサイドの75%湿体品添加30分後より、下記のエチレン性不飽和単量体混合物(注1)の200部を、180分要して滴下し、更に内温78〜80℃で7時間保持する。次いで、25%アンモニア21.2部と水2000部の混合物を添加し、内温80℃に保持しながら固形分が25%になるまで、減圧下でイソプロピルアルコール、水を留去させ、得られた共重合体水溶液1000部の特性値を表2に示した。
(注1)比較例1におけるエチレン性不飽和単量体混合物の配合組成
メタクリル酸 ;25部
アクリル酸 ;10部
アクリル酸ブチル ;50部
アクリル酸エチル ;55部
メタクリル酸メチル;110部
【0034】
《比較例2》
実施例1と同様のセパラブルフラスコ中に、脱イオン水512.1部、ポリアクリル酸(日本純薬(株)製、ジュリマー AC−10H)0.8部、亜硝酸ソーダ0.05部を、溶解させて、内温80℃に昇温する。次いで、窒素雰囲気下で、メタクリル酸25.0部、アクリル酸10.3部、アクリル酸ブチル51.21部、アクリル酸エチル56.33部、メタクリル酸メチル112.64部、ラウリルメルカプタン0.5部のエチレン性不飽和単量体を主体とする混合物を添加した。撹拌回転数を220rpm、内温78℃に保持し、ベンゾイルパーオキサイドの75%湿体品4.02部添加し3時間熟成し、ベンゾイルパーオキサイド添加40分後に、14%ポリビニールアルコール(信越化学(株)製、ポバールPA−05)水溶液9.7部添加し、懸濁粒子の凝集を防止した。
重合終了後、懸濁液を200メッシュのポリエチレンネットで濾別、水にて洗浄し、共重合体粒子を得た。洗浄された共重合体粒子を、四つ口セパラブルフラスコに戻し、水を加えて合計978.8部とし、撹拌しながら80℃に加熱し、次いで25%アンモニア水21.2部を添加し、内温80℃で10時間保持したが、共重合体粒子は膨潤する(蛙の卵に似た状態になる)のみで、溶解しなかった。特性値を表2に示した。
【0035】
《比較例3》
実施例1と同様のセパラブルフラスコ中に、脱イオン水512.1部、ポリビニールアルコール(信越化学(株)製、ポバール PA−05)0.5部、硫酸マンガン0.01部を溶解させて、内温80℃に昇温する。次いで、窒素雰囲気下で、メタクリル酸25.6部、アクリル酸10.3部、アクリル酸ブチル51.21部、アクリル酸エチル56.33部、メタクリル酸メチル112.64部、ラウリルメルカプタン0.5部のエチレン性不飽和単量体混合物を添加した。撹拌回転数を220rpm、内温78℃に保持し、ベンゾイルパーオキサイドの75%湿体品4.02部添加し3時間熟成した。重合途上、懸濁粒子の凝集は認められなかったが、分散媒層は乳濁状を呈した。
重合終了後、懸濁液を200メッシュのポリエチレンネットで濾別、水にて洗浄し、共重合体粒子を得た。洗浄された共重合体粒子を、四つ口セパラブルフラスコに戻し、水を加えて合計978.8部とし、撹拌しながら内温80℃に加熱し、次いで25%アンモニア水21.2部を添加し80℃で10時間保持したが、共重合体粒子は膨潤する(蛙の卵に似た状態になる)のみで、溶解しなかった。特性値を表2に示した。
【0036】
《比較例4》
実施例1と同様のセパラブルフラスコ中に、脱イオン水300部とネオゲンR14.9部を仕込み、内温75℃に昇温する。次いで、窒素雰囲気下で、下記のエチレン性不飽和単量体混合物(注2)を25部、10%過硫酸アンモニウム水溶液12.5部を添加し、内温78℃に保持した。発熱を確認してから、下記のエチレン性不飽和単量体混合物(注2)の225部を、120分要して滴下し、更に内温76〜78℃で1時間保持する。次いで、25%アンモニア水21.2部と水463.8部の混合物を添加し、得られた共重合体水溶液1000部の特性値を表2に示した。
(注2)比較例4におけるエチレン性不飽和単量体混合物の配合組成
メタクリル酸 ;25部
アクリル酸 ;10部
アクリル酸ブチル ;50部
アクリル酸エチル ;55部
メタクリル酸メチル ;110部
【0037】
【表1】
Figure 2004323538
【0038】
【表2】
Figure 2004323538
【0039】
【発明の効果】
本発明の水溶性共重合体の製造法は、機能性共重合体として、資源保護、環境保全などの観点から水性化のニーズが高まる中で、例えば、塗料、粘着剤、接着剤、シール剤、表面処理剤、繊維加工剤などの広範囲の用途に応用可能な水溶性共重合体を提供可能である。本発明の製造法で得られる水溶性共重合体は、糊付時は水溶性であり、製織時における皮膜は優れた耐水性を有し、精練・糊抜時における該皮膜はアルカリ水溶液に再可溶可能であるといった3種の構造的特性を示し、特に、ウォータージェットルーム製織用糊剤に好適である。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for producing a water-soluble copolymer. More specifically, as functional copolymers, there is a growing need for water-based treatment from the viewpoint of resource protection and environmental protection, for example, paints, pressure-sensitive adhesives, adhesives, sealants, surface treatment agents, fiber processing agents, etc. The present invention relates to a method for producing a water-soluble copolymer applicable to a wide range of uses.
The water-soluble copolymer obtained by the production method of the present invention is water-soluble at the time of gluing, the film at the time of weaving has excellent water resistance, and the film at the time of scouring and desizing is reconstituted with an alkaline aqueous solution. It exhibits three structural properties such as being soluble, and is particularly suitable for water jet loom weaving glue.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, as a water-soluble copolymer, an ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid and an acrylic acid and / or ester of methacrylic acid are copolymerized in an alcohol solvent, and then the volatile alkali and water are distilled off while distilling off the alcohol. The manufacturing method (for example, patent document 1) etc. which add simultaneously is proposed.
However, such a production method has a problem in safety because polymerization is performed in a flammable solvent such as methyl alcohol or propyl alcohol. Moreover, in order to make the obtained water-soluble copolymer correspond to the non-hazardous material prescribed | regulated by the Fire Service Law, there also exists a problem that distillation of alcohol is required until alcohol content becomes less than 5%.
[0003]
In addition, it is generally well known that an ethylenically unsaturated monomer mixture containing an ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid is emulsion-polymerized and then neutralized with a volatile alkali to obtain an ethylenic copolymer having a carboxylate. It has been.
However, although this method is a simple production method, since the resulting ethylenic copolymer contains a large amount of surfactant, the water resistance, thermal stability, transparency, electrical properties, etc. of the resulting film are reduced. Inferior and extremely problematic.
[0004]
Furthermore, a method of suspension polymerization of a mixture of ethylenically unsaturated monomers composed of an ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid and an ester of acrylic acid and / or methacrylic acid under specific dispersion conditions (for example, Patent Document 2, Patent Document 3)) and the like have been proposed.
Since these production methods by suspension polymerization use polyvinyl alcohol having an excessive dispersibility before the start of polymerization or from the initial stage of polymerization, ethylene containing a hydrophilic ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid at a high content rate. An unsaturated monomer or an emulsified polymer may flow out into the aqueous layer, the yield may be reduced, and the acid value of the polymer may be significantly lower than the theoretical value.
In particular, in the case of a monomer composition containing a lower alcohol ester of methacrylic acid and a peroxide such as benzoyl peroxide is used as an initiator, crosslinked copolymer particles that are difficult to dissolve in an alkaline aqueous solution are by-produced. There is a problem that it ends up.
[0005]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 2-269811 (4th page, left column, lower 4th line to 4th page, left column, upper 6th line)
[Patent Document 2]
JP-A-6-157777 (2nd page, paragraph “0005” to 3rd page, paragraph “0017”)
[Patent Document 3]
JP-A-2002-371118 (paragraph “0006” on page 2 to paragraph “0019” on page 3)
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
An object of the present invention is a method for producing a water-soluble ethylenic copolymer, and in particular, provides a method for producing an aqueous solution using a high acid number ethylenic copolymer substantially free of a flammable solvent. There is to do. Moreover, the manufacturing method of the ethylenic copolymer of this invention does not use surfactant at all.
The “substantially free” in the present invention is preferably 0.05% by weight or less, more preferably 0.01% or less, still more preferably 0.001 in an aqueous solution of an ethylenic copolymer. % Or less, particularly preferably means not contained.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a result of intensive studies to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present inventors obtained an ethylenically unsaturated monomer (B) containing an ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid (A), a combustible solvent and a surfactant. By carrying out suspension polymerization in a specific dispersion medium (G) substantially not containing, the resulting copolymer particles become (1) water-soluble by alkali neutralization, and then obtained in (2) (1). The film obtained by drying the aqueous solution has excellent water resistance, and (3) the present invention finds that the film can be re-solubilized in an alkaline aqueous solution and can be recovered and reused. It came to complete.
That is, the present invention relates to a mixture obtained by adding an alcohol (C) to an ethylenically unsaturated monomer (B) containing an ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid (A), polyacrylic acid, polymethacrylic acid, acrylic acid / Suspension polymerization is initiated in a dispersion medium (G) comprising at least one (D) selected from a methacrylic acid copolymer and water (F). During the course of the polymerization, polyvinyl alcohol (E ) To prevent the copolymer particles from agglomerating and coalescing and complete the suspension polymerization, and then washing, purifying, and neutralizing and dissolving in an aqueous alkali solution. A method for producing a water-soluble copolymer is provided.
[0008]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The method for producing the water-soluble copolymer of the present invention comprises an ethylenically unsaturated monomer obtained by adding a specific alcohol (C) to an ethylenically unsaturated monomer (B) containing an ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid (A). In suspension polymerization of the monomer mixture, at least one selected from polyacrylic acid, polymethacrylic acid, and acrylic acid / methacrylic acid copolymer (D), in a dispersion medium (G) composed of water (F), The ethylenically unsaturated monomer mixture is dispersed in oil droplets, and suspension polymerization is started at a predetermined temperature using a specific oil-soluble polymerization initiator. In the process of suspension polymerization, an aqueous polyvinyl alcohol (E) solution is added to prevent suspension particles from agglomerating and coalescing to complete the suspension polymerization. The obtained copolymer particles are filtered off from the dispersion medium (G), further washed with water and purified, and unreacted materials such as polyacrylic acid, methacrylic acid, acrylic acid / methacrylic acid copolymer, polyvinyl Removes impurities such as alcohol and other dispersants, alcohol added to the monomer mixture, and by-product high acid number oligomers, and neutralizes and dissolves them with a volatile alkaline aqueous solution such as ammonia. It is characterized by.
[0009]
Examples of the ethylenically unsaturated monomer (B) containing the ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid (A) used in the present invention include acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, β-carboxyethyl (meth) acrylate, 2- Ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids such as (meth) acryloyl propionic acid, crotonic acid, itaconic acid, maleic acid, maleic acid half ester, itaconic acid half ester, maleic anhydride, itaconic anhydride, (meth) acrylamide, N- A methylolamide group such as methylol (meth) acrylamide, N-isopropoxymer (meth) acrylamide, N-propoxymethyl (meth) acrylamide, N-isobutoxymethyl (meth) acrylamide, or an alkoxylated-containing polymerizable monomer thereof; Vinyltrichlorosilane, vinyltrimethoxysila , Vinyltriethoxysilane, vinyltris (β-methoxyethoxy) silane, γ- (meth) acryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, γ- (meth) acryloxypropyltriethoxysilane, γ- (meth) acryloxypropylmethyldimethoxysilane , Γ- (meth) acryloxypropylmethyldiethoxysilane, γ- (meth) acryloxypropyltriisopropoxysilane, N-β- (N-vinylbenzylaminoethyl) -γ-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane and its hydrochloric acid Silyl group-containing polymerizable monomers such as salts; aziridinyl group-containing polymerizable monomers such as 2-aziridinylethyl (meth) acrylate; phenol of (meth) acryloyl isocyanate, (meth) acryloyl isocyanate ethyl or Methyl ethyl ketoxime addition Isocyanate group and / or blocked isocyanate group-containing polymerizable monomer such as 2-isopropenyl-2-oxazoline, 2-vinyl-2-oxazoline and the like; (meth) Amide group-containing polymerizable monomers such as acrylamide, N-monoalkyl (meth) acrylamide, N, N-dialkyl (meth) acrylamide; Cyclopentenyl group-containing polymerizable monomers such as dicyclopentenyl (meth) acrylate; Allyl group-containing polymerizable monomers such as allyl (meth) acrylate; Carbonyl group-containing polymerizable monomers such as acrolein and diacetone (meth) acrylamide; Acetoacetyl group-containing polymerizable monomers such as acetoacetoxyethyl (meth) acrylate Mer, methyl (meth) acrylate, ethyl (meth) acrylate, n-butyl Chill (meth) acrylate, isobutyl (meth) acrylate, t-butyl (meth) acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl (meth) acrylate, hexyl (meth) acrylate, cyclohexyl (meth) acrylate, octyl (meth) acrylate, nonyl (meth) (Meth) acrylic acid esters such as acrylate, dodecyl (meth) acrylate, stearyl (meth) acrylate, isobornyl (meth) acrylate, dicyclopentanyl (meth) acrylate, phenyl (meth) acrylate, benzyl (meth) acrylate; 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl (meth) acrylate, 2,2,3,3-pentafluoropropyl (meth) acrylate, perfluorocyclohexyl (meth) acrylate, 2,2,3,3, -tetra Fluorine-containing ethylenically unsaturated monomers such as fluoropropyl (meth) acrylate and β- (perfluorooctyl) ethyl (meth) acrylate; vinyl esters such as vinyl acetate, vinyl propionate, vinyl butyrate and vinyl versatate; Vinyl ethers such as methyl vinyl ether, ethyl vinyl ether, propyl vinyl ether, butyl vinyl ether, amyl vinyl ether, hexyl vinyl ether; nitrile group-containing ethylenically unsaturated monomers such as (meth) acrylonitrile; styrene, α-methylstyrene, vinyl toluene, vinyl Vinyl compounds having an aromatic ring such as anisole, α-halostyrene, vinylnaphthalene, divinylstyrene; isoprene, chloroprene, butadiene, ethylene, tetrafluoroethylene, fluorine Fluoride, N- radically polymerizable monomers such as vinyl pyrrolidone and the like, can be used those of one or more thereof.
In order to introduce a carboxyl group necessary for obtaining an aqueous solution by neutralization with an alkali into the ethylenically unsaturated monomer (B), an ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid (A ) Is preferably in the range of (A) / (B) = 5/100 to 30/100, and more preferably in the range of (A) / (B) = 7/100 to 15/100.
If the mixing ratio of the ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid (A) in the ethylenically unsaturated monomer (B) is within such a range, the copolymer particles become a water-soluble copolymer by alkali neutralization. The film obtained by drying the polymer can balance water resistance and alkali solubility. That is, if the proportion of the ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid (A) is low, the copolymer cannot obtain sufficient water solubility even when alkali-neutralized. On the other hand, the proportion of the ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid (A) can be high. For example, the copolymer becomes a water-soluble copolymer by alkali neutralization, but the water resistance of the dry film is impaired, and this is not particularly preferable for use as a water jet loom weaving paste.
[0010]
In the invention, a known chain transfer agent may be used as necessary. Examples of the chain transfer agent include dodecyl mercaptan, octyl mercaptan, octyl thioglycolate, and thiophenol.
[0011]
In the present invention, alcohol (C) is added to the ethylenically unsaturated monomer (B) for the purpose of suppressing the crosslinking of the ethylenic copolymer.
Examples of the alcohol (C) include alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, 1-propanol, 2-propanol, 1-butanol, 2-butanol, isobutanol, t-butanol, and alcohols having 5 to 10 carbon atoms. Preferably, it is a C1-C4 alcohol, More preferably, it is a C3-C3 alcohol. These alcohols may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
In the present invention, the mixing ratio of the alcohol (C) added to the ethylenically unsaturated monomer (B) is preferably in the range of (C) / (B) = 2/100 to 20/100 weight ratio, more preferably. Is in the range of (C) / (B) = 5/100 to 10/100 weight ratio.
If the mixing ratio of the ethylenically unsaturated monomer (B) and the alcohol (C) is within such a range, the by-product of the crosslinked copolymer can be suppressed. The cross-linked copolymer that is a by-product is not suitable for applications that are handled in a solution state such as coating, impregnation, spray, etc. It is not preferable.
[0012]
Next, the components of the dispersion medium (G) used in the method for producing the water-soluble copolymer of the present invention will be described.
In the method for producing a water-soluble copolymer of the present invention, the mixing ratio of the ethylenically unsaturated monomer (B) and the dispersion medium (G) is (B) / (G) = 5/95 to 65/35. The weight ratio is preferable.
[0013]
The dispersion medium (G) used in the present invention is at least one (D) selected from polyacrylic acid, polymethacrylic acid, and acrylic acid / methacrylic acid copolymer, polyvinyl alcohol (E), and water (F). It is a dispersion medium comprised by these.
In the dispersion medium (G), the mixing ratio of at least one selected from polyacrylic acid, polymethacrylic acid, and acrylic acid / methacrylic acid copolymer (D), polyvinyl alcohol (E), and water (F). Is preferably in the range of (D) / (E) / (F) = 0.1 / 1 / 0.1 / 1/100 weight ratio.
If the mixing ratio of (D), (E), and (F) is within such a range, particles suitable for washing with water, purification, alkali neutralization, and dissolution are stably formed. On the other hand, if the mixing ratio of (D) / (E) / (F) is outside the above range, the yield may be lowered, the emulsification of the ethylenically unsaturated monomer may be increased, or the copolymer It is not preferable because the stabilization of the particles is impaired and sometimes inconveniences such as aggregation, coalescence and agglomeration of the particles may occur.
[0014]
In the present invention, polyacrylic acid, polymethacrylic acid, and acrylic acid / methacrylic acid copolymer used as (D) are not particularly limited, but those having an average molecular weight of 50,000 to 1,000,000 are preferable. 11M, Jurimer AC-10H, AC-20H (all manufactured by Nippon Pure Chemicals Co., Ltd.) and the like. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
At least one selected from polyacrylic acid, polymethacrylic acid, and acrylic acid / methacrylic acid copolymer (D), the ethylenically unsaturated monomer mixture forms appropriate oil droplets in the dispersion medium (G). And is preferably added in the range of 0.01 to 1.0 part with respect to 100 parts of the dispersion medium (G).
[0015]
The polyvinyl alcohol (E) used in the present invention is added for the purpose of preventing aggregation and coalescence of suspended particles during the progress of suspension polymerization. Although it may be at any time during the polymerization, it is preferably 20 to 60 minutes after the addition of the polymerization initiator as shown in the Examples.
The amount of polyvinyl alcohol (E) used is preferably 0.01 to 1.0 part (polyvinyl alcohol is easy to handle a 14% aqueous solution) with respect to 100 parts of the dispersion medium (G).
The polyvinyl alcohol (E) used in the present invention is not particularly limited, but preferably has a saponification degree of 70 to 100% and a polymerization degree of 100 to 3200. For example, Poval 205 (Kuraray Co., Ltd.), Gohsenol NL- 05 (Nippon Gosei Co., Ltd.) and Poval PA-05 (Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.). These polyvinyl alcohols may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
[0016]
Examples of the oil-soluble polymerization initiator used in the present invention include organic peroxides such as benzoyl peroxide, lauroyl peroxide, t-butyl peroxy-2-ethyl hexanate, methyl ethyl ketone peroxide, azobisisobutyl nitrile, ( Examples thereof include azo compounds such as 1-phenylethyl) azodi-phenylmethane and 2,2-azobis (4-methoxy-2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile). These polymerization initiators may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
The amount of the oil-soluble polymerization initiator used is preferably in the range of 0.1 to 2.0 parts, more preferably 0.3 to 1.1, based on 100 parts of the ethylenically unsaturated monomer (B). The range is 5 parts.
[0017]
Further, the copolymer particles obtained by the suspension polymerization are washed with water and purified, and then neutralized and dissolved to prepare an aqueous solution.
Examples of the alkali used for the neutralization include ammonia and volatile alkylamines such as monomethylamine, dimethylamine, trimethylamine, monoethylamine, diethylamine, and triethylamine, and monomethylethanolamine, dimethylethanolamine, and monoethylethanolamine. And volatile alkyl alkanolamines such as diethylethanolamine. These alkalis may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
[0018]
The water-soluble copolymer obtained by the production method of the present invention, as a functional copolymer, has increased needs for water purification from the viewpoint of resource protection, environmental conservation, etc., for example, paint, pressure-sensitive adhesive, adhesive, It can be applied to a wide range of uses such as sealing agents, surface treatment agents, and fiber processing agents.
[0019]
As shown in the following forms (1) to (3), the water-soluble copolymer obtained by the production method of the present invention is “water-soluble form when glued (1)”, “the film during weaving is The water-resistant form (2) ”and“ the film at the time of scouring and desizing are re-soluble in an alkaline aqueous solution (3) ”can take three form changes. It is suitable for adhesives for use.
[0020]
[Chemical 1]
Figure 2004323538
[0021]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically described with reference to Examples and Comparative Examples. Unless otherwise specified, “parts” and “%” in the examples represent “solid content parts by weight” and “solid content%”, respectively. Various characteristics were measured by the methods described below. In addition, this invention is not limited only to these Examples.
[0022]
[Calculation method of yield of water-soluble copolymer]
The yield of the water-soluble copolymer was determined according to the following formula:
Y (%) = P × NV / G
Y: Yield (%)
P: Yield of water-soluble copolymer (g)
NV: non-volatile content (%) of ethylenic water-soluble copolymer after drying at 105 ° C. for 90 minutes
G: Amount of ethylenically unsaturated monomer charged (g)
[0023]
[Measurement method of residual solvent in water-soluble copolymer]
A 100-fold diluted aqueous solution of a water-soluble copolymer was gas chromatograph (GC-7AG, manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation), column: PEG-20M, 2.5%, 3 m, injection temperature: 250 ° C., column temperature: 100 ° C., Measured with detector type (FID).
[0024]
[Method for producing film (I)]
5 ml of a water-soluble copolymer diluted to a solid content of about 10% was poured into a 7.5 cm long × 7.5 cm wide tray made of a polyester film having a thickness of 0.1 mm, and kept at 120 ° C. while keeping it horizontal. After drying in a hot air dryer for a minute, the film formed from the tray is peeled off.
[0025]
[Measurement method of acid value]
0.5 g of the dried product of the coating particles or suspension-polymerized particles obtained by the production method (a) is precisely weighed to make an ethanol solution, and titrated with a 0.1 N potassium hydroxide / ethanol solution. Measured by a conventional method and expressed in units of mgKOH / g.
[0026]
[Measurement method of water absorption]
The water absorption of the 5 cm long x 5 cm wide film produced by the production method (a) is calculated according to the following formula.
H (%) = (A−B) × 100 / A
H: Water absorption rate (%)
B: Film weight immediately after drying at 120 ° C. for 90 minutes
A: The film of B was 23 ° C. Lightly wiped surface wet with filter paper after 90 minutes immersion in water
[0027]
[Calculation method of glass transition point (Tg)]
The numerical value described in Polymer Handbook (John-Wiley) 1966 etc. is quoted, and it calculates with the following formula.
1 / (Tg) n = Wa / (Tg) a + Wb / (Tg) b + Wc / (Tg) c
(Tg) n: Glass transition point Tg (° C.) of copolymer
Wa, Wb, Wc: Composition ratio of each ethylenically unsaturated monomer in the copolymer
(Tg) a, (Tg) b, (Tg) c: Tg of homopolymer of each ethylenic monomer
[0028]
Example 1
In a 1 liter four-necked separable flask equipped with a stirrer, a thermometer and a reflux condenser, 516 parts of deionized water, polyacrylic acid (manufactured by Nippon Pure Chemical Co., Ltd., Jurimer AC-10H) 7.5 Part and 0.05 part of sodium nitrite are dissolved and the temperature is raised to 80 ° C. Next, in a nitrogen atmosphere, 31.1 parts of methacrylic acid, 7.7 parts of acrylic acid, 51.6 parts of ethyl acrylate, 38.7 parts of butyl methacrylate, 129.0 parts of methyl methacrylate, 0.38 lauryl mercaptan A mixture mainly composed of 25.61 parts of isopropyl alcohol and ethylenically unsaturated monomer was added. The stirring speed was maintained at 220 rpm and the internal temperature was 78 ° C., 3.47 parts of 75% wet product of benzoyl peroxide was added and aged for 3 hours. 7.15 parts of an aqueous solution manufactured by Co., Ltd., Poval PA-05) was added to prevent aggregation of suspended particles.
After completion of the polymerization, the suspension was filtered through a 200 mesh polyethylene net and washed with water to obtain copolymer particles. Return the washed copolymer particles to a four-necked separable flask, add water to make a total of 976.9 parts, heat to 80 ° C with stirring, and then add 23.1 parts of 25% aqueous ammonia. And completely dissolved to obtain 1000 parts of an aqueous solution of a water-soluble copolymer. The characteristic values of the aqueous solution of the obtained water-soluble copolymer of the present invention are shown in Table 1.
[0029]
Example 2
In a separable flask similar to Example 1, 512.1 parts of deionized water, 0.8 part of polyacrylic acid (manufactured by Nippon Pure Chemical Co., Ltd., Jurimer AC-10H), 0.05 part of sodium nitrite were added. , Dissolved and heated to an internal temperature of 80 ° C. Next, in a nitrogen atmosphere, 25.6 parts of methacrylic acid, 10.3 parts of acrylic acid, 51.21 parts of butyl acrylate, 56.33 parts of ethyl acrylate, 112.64 parts of methyl methacrylate, 0.5 parts of lauryl mercaptan 0.5 A mixture mainly composed of 25.6 parts of isopropyl alcohol and ethylenically unsaturated monomer was added. The stirring speed was maintained at 220 rpm and the internal temperature was 78 ° C., 4.02 parts of 75% wet product of benzoyl peroxide was added and aged for 3 hours. After 40 minutes of addition of benzoyl peroxide, 14% polyvinyl alcohol (Shin-Etsu Chemical) 9.7 parts of an aqueous solution manufactured by Co., Ltd., Poval PA-05) was added to prevent aggregation of suspended particles.
After completion of the polymerization, the suspension was filtered through a 200 mesh polyethylene net and washed with water to obtain copolymer particles. Return the washed copolymer particles to a four-necked separable flask, add water to a total of 978.8 parts, heat to 80 ° C. with stirring, and then add 21.2 parts of 25% aqueous ammonia. It was added and completely dissolved to obtain 1000 parts of an aqueous solution of a water-soluble copolymer. The characteristic values of the aqueous solution of the obtained water-soluble copolymer of the present invention are shown in Table 1.
[0030]
Example 3
In the same separable flask as in Example 1, 685.80 parts of deionized water, 1.5 parts of polyacrylic acid (manufactured by Nippon Pure Chemical Co., Ltd., Jurimer AC-10H), 0.06 part of sodium nitrite were added. , Dissolved and heated to an internal temperature of 80 ° C. Next, in a nitrogen atmosphere, 11.1 parts of methacrylic acid, 10.1 parts of acrylic acid, 261.45 parts of ethyl acrylate, 31.5 parts of acrylonitrile, 0.25 parts of lauryl mercaptan, 31.5 parts of isopropyl alcohol A mixture mainly composed of ethylenically unsaturated monomers was added. The stirring speed was maintained at 220 rpm and the internal temperature was 78 ° C, 4.21 parts of 75% wet product of benzoyl peroxide was added and aged for 3 hours. After 30 minutes of addition of benzoyl peroxide, 14% polyvinyl alcohol (Shin-Etsu Chemical) 11.13 parts of Poval PA-05) aqueous solution was added to prevent aggregation of suspended particles.
After completion of the polymerization, the suspension was filtered through a 200 mesh polyethylene net and washed with water to obtain copolymer particles. Return the washed copolymer particles to a four-necked separable flask, add water to a total of 984.8 parts, heat to 80 ° C. with stirring, and then add 15.2 parts of 25% aqueous ammonia. It was added and completely dissolved to obtain 1000 parts of an aqueous solution of a water-soluble copolymer. The characteristic values of the aqueous solution of the obtained water-soluble copolymer of the present invention are shown in Table 1.
[0031]
Example 4
In a separable flask similar to that in Example 1, 708.43 parts of deionized water, 1.54 parts of polyacrylic acid (manufactured by Nippon Pure Chemical Co., Ltd., Jurimer AC-10H), and 0.06 part of sodium nitrite were added. , Dissolved and heated to an internal temperature of 70 ° C. Next, under a nitrogen atmosphere, 11.4 parts of methacrylic acid, 11.4 parts of acrylic acid, 270.08 parts of ethyl acrylate, 32.54 parts of acrylonitrile, 0.26 parts of lauryl mercaptan, 32.5 parts of isopropyl alcohol A mixture mainly composed of ethylenically unsaturated monomers was added. The stirring speed was maintained at 220 rpm and the internal temperature was 70 ° C., 1.6 parts of 2-2 azobisisobutyronitrile was added and aged for 3 hours, and 30 minutes after addition of 2,2-azobisisobutyronitrile, 11.13 parts of an aqueous solution of% polyvinyl alcohol (manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd., Poval PA-05) was added to prevent aggregation of suspended particles.
After completion of the polymerization, the suspension was filtered through a 200 mesh polyethylene net and washed with water to obtain copolymer particles. Return the washed copolymer particles to a four-necked separable flask, add water to a total of 984.8 parts, heat to 80 ° C. with stirring, and then add 15.2 parts of 25% aqueous ammonia. It was added and completely dissolved to obtain 1000 parts of an aqueous solution of a water-soluble copolymer. The characteristic values of the aqueous solution of the obtained water-soluble copolymer of the present invention are shown in Table 1.
[0032]
Example 5
In a separable flask similar to Example 1, 512.1 parts of deionized water, 0.8 part of polyacrylic acid (manufactured by Nippon Pure Chemical Co., Ltd., Jurimer AC-10H), 0.05 part of sodium nitrite were added. , Dissolved and heated to an internal temperature of 80 ° C. Next, in a nitrogen atmosphere, 25.0 parts of methacrylic acid, 10.3 parts of acrylic acid, 51.21 parts of butyl acrylate, 56.33 parts of ethyl acrylate, 112.64 parts of methyl methacrylate, 0.5 parts of lauryl mercaptan A mixture mainly composed of 25.6 parts of n-butyl alcohol and an ethylenically unsaturated monomer was added. The stirring speed was maintained at 220 rpm and the internal temperature was 78 ° C., 4.02 parts of 75% wet product of benzoyl peroxide was added and aged for 3 hours. After 40 minutes of addition of benzoyl peroxide, 14% polyvinyl alcohol (Shin-Etsu Chemical) 9.7 parts of an aqueous solution manufactured by Co., Ltd., Poval PA-05) was added to prevent aggregation of suspended particles.
After completion of the polymerization, the suspension was filtered through a 200 mesh polyethylene net and washed with water to obtain copolymer particles. Return the washed copolymer particles to a four-necked separable flask, add water to a total of 978.8 parts, heat to 80 ° C. with stirring, and then add 21.2 parts of 25% aqueous ammonia. It was added and completely dissolved to obtain 1000 parts of an aqueous solution of a water-soluble copolymer. The characteristic values of the aqueous solution of the obtained water-soluble copolymer of the present invention are shown in Table 1.
[0033]
<< Comparative Example 1 >>
In a separable flask similar to that in Example 1, 250 parts of isopropyl alcohol is charged, and the temperature is raised to an internal temperature of 80 ° C. Next, under a nitrogen atmosphere, 50 parts of the following ethylenically unsaturated monomer mixture (Note 1) and 4 parts of a 75% wet product of benzoyl peroxide were added, and the internal temperature was maintained at 78 ° C. From 30 minutes after adding 75% wet product of benzoyl peroxide, 200 parts of the following ethylenically unsaturated monomer mixture (Note 1) was added dropwise over 180 minutes, and the internal temperature was 78-80 ° C. Hold for 7 hours. Next, a mixture of 21.2 parts of 25% ammonia and 2000 parts of water was added, and isopropyl alcohol and water were distilled off under reduced pressure until the solid content became 25% while maintaining the internal temperature at 80 ° C. The characteristic values of 1000 parts of the copolymer aqueous solution are shown in Table 2.
(Note 1) Composition of ethylenically unsaturated monomer mixture in Comparative Example 1
Methacrylic acid; 25 parts
Acrylic acid; 10 parts
Butyl acrylate; 50 parts
Ethyl acrylate; 55 parts
Methyl methacrylate; 110 parts
[0034]
<< Comparative Example 2 >>
In a separable flask similar to Example 1, 512.1 parts of deionized water, 0.8 part of polyacrylic acid (manufactured by Nippon Pure Chemical Co., Ltd., Jurimer AC-10H), 0.05 part of sodium nitrite were added. , Dissolved and heated to an internal temperature of 80 ° C. Next, in a nitrogen atmosphere, 25.0 parts of methacrylic acid, 10.3 parts of acrylic acid, 51.21 parts of butyl acrylate, 56.33 parts of ethyl acrylate, 112.64 parts of methyl methacrylate, 0.5 parts of lauryl mercaptan A mixture mainly composed of a part of ethylenically unsaturated monomer was added. The stirring speed was maintained at 220 rpm and the internal temperature was 78 ° C., 4.02 parts of 75% wet product of benzoyl peroxide was added and aged for 3 hours. After 40 minutes of addition of benzoyl peroxide, 14% polyvinyl alcohol 9.7 parts of an aqueous solution (Poval PA-05) manufactured by Co., Ltd. was added to prevent aggregation of suspended particles.
After completion of the polymerization, the suspension was filtered through a 200 mesh polyethylene net and washed with water to obtain copolymer particles. Return the washed copolymer particles to a four-necked separable flask and add water to a total of 978.8 parts, heat to 80 ° C. with stirring, then add 21.2 parts of 25% aqueous ammonia. The copolymer particles were held for 10 hours at an internal temperature of 80 ° C., but the copolymer particles only swelled (become a state similar to a cocoon egg) and did not dissolve. The characteristic values are shown in Table 2.
[0035]
<< Comparative Example 3 >>
In a separable flask similar to Example 1, 512.1 parts of deionized water, 0.5 part of polyvinyl alcohol (manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd., Poval PA-05), and 0.01 part of manganese sulfate were dissolved. The internal temperature is raised to 80 ° C. Next, in a nitrogen atmosphere, 25.6 parts of methacrylic acid, 10.3 parts of acrylic acid, 51.21 parts of butyl acrylate, 56.33 parts of ethyl acrylate, 112.64 parts of methyl methacrylate, 0.5 parts of lauryl mercaptan 0.5 A portion of the ethylenically unsaturated monomer mixture was added. The stirring speed was maintained at 220 rpm and the internal temperature was 78 ° C., and 4.02 parts of 75% wet product of benzoyl peroxide was added and aged for 3 hours. During the polymerization, no agglomeration of the suspended particles was observed, but the dispersion medium layer was milky.
After completion of the polymerization, the suspension was filtered through a 200 mesh polyethylene net and washed with water to obtain copolymer particles. Return the washed copolymer particles to a four-necked separable flask, add water to a total of 978.8 parts, heat to 80 ° C. with stirring, and then add 21.2 parts of 25% aqueous ammonia. The copolymer particles were added and held at 80 ° C. for 10 hours, but the copolymer particles only swelled (become a state similar to a cocoon egg) and did not dissolve. The characteristic values are shown in Table 2.
[0036]
<< Comparative Example 4 >>
In a separable flask similar to that in Example 1, 300 parts of deionized water and 14.9 parts of Neogen R are charged, and the internal temperature is raised to 75 ° C. Then, under a nitrogen atmosphere, 25 parts of the following ethylenically unsaturated monomer mixture (Note 2) was added to 12.5 parts of a 10% aqueous ammonium persulfate solution, and the internal temperature was maintained at 78 ° C. After confirming the exotherm, 225 parts of the following ethylenically unsaturated monomer mixture (Note 2) is added dropwise over 120 minutes, and further maintained at an internal temperature of 76 to 78 ° C. for 1 hour. Subsequently, a mixture of 21.2 parts of 25% aqueous ammonia and 463.8 parts of water was added, and the characteristic values of 1000 parts of the resulting aqueous copolymer solution are shown in Table 2.
(Note 2) Composition of ethylenically unsaturated monomer mixture in Comparative Example 4
Methacrylic acid; 25 parts
Acrylic acid; 10 parts
Butyl acrylate; 50 parts
Ethyl acrylate; 55 parts
Methyl methacrylate; 110 parts
[0037]
[Table 1]
Figure 2004323538
[0038]
[Table 2]
Figure 2004323538
[0039]
【The invention's effect】
The method for producing a water-soluble copolymer of the present invention is a functional copolymer, and there is an increasing need for water treatment from the viewpoint of resource protection, environmental protection, etc., for example, paints, pressure-sensitive adhesives, adhesives, sealing agents. It is possible to provide a water-soluble copolymer applicable to a wide range of uses such as a surface treatment agent and a fiber processing agent. The water-soluble copolymer obtained by the production method of the present invention is water-soluble at the time of gluing, the film at the time of weaving has excellent water resistance, and the film at the time of scouring and desizing is reconstituted with an alkaline aqueous solution. It exhibits three structural properties such as being soluble, and is particularly suitable for water jet loom weaving glue.

Claims (6)

エチレン性不飽和カルボン酸(A)を含むエチレン性不飽和単量体(B)にアルコール(C)を添加した混合物を、ポリアクリル酸、ポリメタクリル酸、アクリル酸・メタクリル酸共重合体から選ばれる少なくとも一種(D)、ポリビニールアルコール(E)、水(F)から成る分散媒(G)中で、油溶性重合開始剤を用いて懸濁重合させて得られる共重合体粒子を、水洗、精製し、アルカリ水溶液中で中和溶解することを特徴とする水溶性共重合体の製造法。A mixture obtained by adding alcohol (C) to ethylenically unsaturated monomer (B) containing ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid (A) is selected from polyacrylic acid, polymethacrylic acid, and acrylic acid / methacrylic acid copolymer The copolymer particles obtained by suspension polymerization using an oil-soluble polymerization initiator in a dispersion medium (G) comprising at least one kind (D), polyvinyl alcohol (E), and water (F) are washed with water. A method for producing a water-soluble copolymer, which is purified and neutralized and dissolved in an aqueous alkali solution. エチレン性不飽和単量体(B)中のエチレン性不飽和カルボン酸(A)の混合割合が、(A)/(B)=5/100〜30/100重量比の範囲である請求項1記載の水溶性共重合体の製造法。The mixing ratio of the ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid (A) in the ethylenically unsaturated monomer (B) is in the range of (A) / (B) = 5/100 to 30/100 weight ratio. The manufacturing method of the water-soluble copolymer of description. エチレン性不飽和カルボン酸(A)を含むエチレン性不飽和単量体(B)に添加するアルコール(C)の混合割合が、(C)/(B)=2/100〜20/100重量比の範囲である請求項1又は2記載の水溶性共重合体の製造法。The mixing ratio of the alcohol (C) added to the ethylenically unsaturated monomer (B) containing the ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid (A) is (C) / (B) = 2/100 to 20/100 weight ratio. The method for producing a water-soluble copolymer according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the water-soluble copolymer is in the range of. エチレン性不飽和カルボン酸(A)を含むエチレン性不飽和単量体(B)と分散媒(G)との混合割合が、(B)/(G)=5/95〜65/35重量比の範囲である請求項1〜3の何れか一項記載の水溶性共重合体の製造法。The mixing ratio of the ethylenically unsaturated monomer (B) containing the ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid (A) and the dispersion medium (G) is (B) / (G) = 5/95 to 65/35 weight ratio. The method for producing a water-soluble copolymer according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the water-soluble copolymer is in the range of. ポリアクリル酸、ポリメタクリル酸、アクリル酸・メタクリル酸共重合体から選ばれる少なくとも一種(D)、ポリビニールアルコール(E)、及び水(F)から成る分散媒(G)における混合割合が、(D)/(E)/(F)=0.1〜1/0.1〜1/100重量比の範囲である請求項1〜4の何れか一項記載の水溶性共重合体の製造法。The mixing ratio in the dispersion medium (G) comprising at least one selected from polyacrylic acid, polymethacrylic acid, acrylic acid / methacrylic acid copolymer (D), polyvinyl alcohol (E), and water (F) is ( The method for producing a water-soluble copolymer according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein D) / (E) / (F) is in a range of 0.1 to 1 / 0.1 to 1/100 weight ratio. . アルコール(C)が、少なくとも炭素数1〜4のアルコールの一つである請求項1〜5の何れか一項記載の水溶性共重合体の製造法。The method for producing a water-soluble copolymer according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the alcohol (C) is at least one of alcohols having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5384091A (en) * 1976-12-29 1978-07-25 Toyo Ink Mfg Co Ltd Aqueous dispersion composition
JPS5849701A (en) * 1981-07-30 1983-03-24 エス.シー.ジョンソン アンド サン,インコーポレーテッド Suspension polymerization by mutual solvent distribution
JPH11286655A (en) * 1998-04-02 1999-10-19 Mitsubishi Rayon Co Ltd Aqueous coating composition
JPH11335490A (en) * 1998-05-28 1999-12-07 Nippon Zeon Co Ltd Aqueous emulsion and its production
WO2002032971A1 (en) * 2000-10-20 2002-04-25 Zeon Corporation Water-soluble resin, process for its production and water-soluble resin composition

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5384091A (en) * 1976-12-29 1978-07-25 Toyo Ink Mfg Co Ltd Aqueous dispersion composition
JPS5849701A (en) * 1981-07-30 1983-03-24 エス.シー.ジョンソン アンド サン,インコーポレーテッド Suspension polymerization by mutual solvent distribution
JPH11286655A (en) * 1998-04-02 1999-10-19 Mitsubishi Rayon Co Ltd Aqueous coating composition
JPH11335490A (en) * 1998-05-28 1999-12-07 Nippon Zeon Co Ltd Aqueous emulsion and its production
WO2002032971A1 (en) * 2000-10-20 2002-04-25 Zeon Corporation Water-soluble resin, process for its production and water-soluble resin composition

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