JP2004323255A - Method and system for converting soil to cement raw material - Google Patents
Method and system for converting soil to cement raw material Download PDFInfo
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- JP2004323255A JP2004323255A JP2003116458A JP2003116458A JP2004323255A JP 2004323255 A JP2004323255 A JP 2004323255A JP 2003116458 A JP2003116458 A JP 2003116458A JP 2003116458 A JP2003116458 A JP 2003116458A JP 2004323255 A JP2004323255 A JP 2004323255A
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- soil
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- heavy metals
- cement raw
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- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 100
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
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Abstract
Description
【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、土壌のセメント原料化方法及びシステムに関し、特に、油分、揮発性有機化合物、重金属等の有害物質を含む建設発生土等をセメント原料として利用する方法及びシステムに関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
従来、建設工事等で排出された土砂や、汚染土壌と通称されている有害物質を含む土壌の多くは、主に最終処理場に埋め立てられ、その処理限度量は逼迫している。
【０００３】
そのため、例えば、特許文献１には、油混入土壌をドライヤーに投入するとともに、セメント焼成設備のクリンカクーラーから排出された高温ガスを熱源としてドライヤーに導入し、油混入土壌と直接接触させて油を揮発させ、揮発した油分を含む混合ガスをプレヒータの高温部等に導入して油分を完全燃焼させ、油分を揮発させた後の土壌をセメント原料として利用することが提案されている。
【０００４】
また、有機物汚染土壌については、特許文献２に、流動性を与えるための溶媒を加えて湿式ミルで粉砕した後、セメント焼成設備のロータリーキルンの窯尻部等に投入してセメントクリンカを製造することにより、セメントクリンカの品質に影響を与えることなく、有機物汚染土壌を有効な資源として利用する技術が開示されている。
【０００５】
さらに、特許文献３には、 有害物によって汚染された土壌を２００μｍ以下に粉砕した後、セメント焼成設備のロータリーキルンの窯尻等に供給し、汚染土壌をセメント製造設備を用いて処理する方法が記載されている。
【０００６】
一方、セメント原料の粘土分は、シリカ分（ＳｉＯ２）が４５〜７８％、アルミナ分（Ａｌ２Ｏ３）が１０〜２６％の成分範囲内にある粘土分を保有している山等から切削使用しており、年々良質な粘土分が不足してきている。また、粘土分の調達費用も多大なものとなっている。
【０００７】
【特許文献１】
特開２００２−１４３８２９号公報
【特許文献２】
特開２００２−３４６５４０号公報
【特許文献３】
特開２００３−７１４２９号公報
【０００８】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
上記特許文献１〜３に記載の技術を含む従来の技術においては、油混入土壌、有機物汚染土壌、有害物汚染土壌の各々について個別に化学成分の分析等を行い、分析結果からセメント工場等で処理可能と判断した場合に、これらの土壌を受け入れて処理しているに過ぎないため、化学分析結果等で処理不可能と判断された場合には、結局、最終処理場に埋め立てられており、最終処理場の枯渇化に関する問題は依然として深刻である。
【０００９】
そこで、本発明は、上記従来の技術における問題点に鑑みてなされたものであって、建設発生土等、従来埋め立て処理されていた土壌を可能な限り有効利用することにより、最終処理場の枯渇化の防止に寄与すると同時に、セメント原料の粘土分の不足を補うことのできる土壌の処理方法及びシステムを提供することを目的とする。
【００１０】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記目的を達成するため、本発明は、土壌のセメント原料化方法であって、土壌を改質する工程と、土壌の重金属等を除去する工程と、土壌の油分及び／または揮発性有機化合物を除去する工程とから選択される工程のうち、少なくとも一つの工程を経た土壌をセメント原料として利用することを特徴とする。
【００１１】
そして、本発明によれば、化学分析結果等から処理不可能と判断され、従来単独ではセメント原料として利用することができない土壌についても、改質処理等を施した後セメント原料として利用することができ、最終処理場の延命を図るとともに、セメント原料の粘土分の不足を補うことが可能となる。
【００１２】
また、本発明は、土壌のセメント原料としての適正評価方法であって、土壌が改質を要するかどうかを判断する工程と、土壌が重金属等の除去を要するかどうかを判断する工程と、土壌が油分及び／または揮発性有機化合物の除去を要するかどうかを判断する工程とからなることを特徴とする。
【００１３】
この適正評価方法によれば、土壌が改質等を要する場合には、上記のような改質工程を経て土壌をセメント原料として利用し、改質等を要しない場合には、そのままセメント原料として利用することができる。
【００１４】
前記改質が必要と判断された土壌と、セメント、セメントクリンカ、生石灰、石炭灰、スラグ、コンクリート廃材、コンクリート廃材から骨材を回収する際に発生する微粉、セメントキルンの窯尻部または最下段サイクロン部等で８００℃以上の高温に曝されたセメント原料、セメント焼成設備のクリンカクーラーの排ガスを電気集塵器で集塵して得られたダスト、該土壌と異なる他の土壌、鉄粉等の鉄原料、製鋼工程における高炉二次灰、銅カラミ等のリサイクル鉄原料から選択される少なくとも一つとを混合することにより、前記改質が必要と判断された土壌の物理的特性または／及び化学成分を調整することができる。これによって、土壌のハンドリング性を向上させ、かつ、セメント原料として適正な化学成分に調整し、セメント原料としてより利用しやすくする。
【００１５】
前記土壌の重金属等を除去する工程の前に、該土壌を分級する工程をさらに含むようにすることができる。所定の粒度以下の土壌については、重金属等を除去せずにそのまま廃棄してもよい。所定の粒度を越える土壌については、そのままセメント原料ミルに投入してもよい。粒度の細かい土壌に重金属等が偏在しているため、このような分級を行うことにより、効率よく重金属等含有土壌を処理することができる。
【００１６】
前記土壌の重金属等を除去する工程は、重金属等の除去の前に該土壌を分級し、所定の粒度以下の土壌について重金属等の除去の工程を行うものとすることができる。所定の粒度以下の土壌については、重金属等を除去した後、セメント原料ミルに投入し、所定の粒度を越える土壌については、そのままセメント原料ミルに投入してもよい。上述のように、粒度の細かい土壌に重金属等が偏在していることを利用して効率よく重金属等含有土壌を処理することができる。
【００１７】
前記土壌は、汚染土壌、または汚染土壌以外の建設工事に伴い発生する土砂を含み、本発明にかかる方法によって、建設発生土をセメント原料化することができる。
【００１８】
また、本発明は、土壌のセメント原料化システムであって、土壌の発生元と、該土壌をセメント原料として使用する設備との間に、該土壌と、セメント、セメントクリンカ、生石灰、石炭灰、スラグ、コンクリート廃材、コンクリート廃材から骨材を回収する際に発生する微粉、セメントキルンの窯尻部または最下段サイクロン部等で８００℃以上の高温に曝されたセメント原料、セメント焼成設備のクリンカクーラーの排ガスを電気集塵器で集塵して得られたダスト、該土壌と異なる他の土壌、鉄粉等の鉄原料、製鋼工程における高炉二次灰、銅カラミ等のリサイクル鉄原料から選択される少なくとも一つとを混合することにより、該土壌の物理的特性または／及び化学成分を調整するための中継基地を備えることを特徴とする。
【００１９】
本発明によれば、中継基地において種々の処理を行うことができるため、受け入れた土壌のハンドリング性を向上させ、かつ、セメント原料として適正な化学成分に調整し、セメント原料としてより利用しやすくすることができる。
【００２０】
土壌を熱処理する熱処理設備と、該熱処理設備で分離された重金属等を回収する重金属等回収設備とをさらに備えるようにしてもよい。これによって、上述のように、重金属等を含有する土壌全体をセメント原料として有効利用することができる。
【００２１】
土壌を分級し、所定の粒度以下の土壌を前記熱処理設備に供給する分級設備をさらに備えるようにしてもよい。これによって、上述のように、効率よく重金属等含有土壌を処理することができる。
【００２２】
土壌の油分及び／または揮発性有機化合物を除去する油等除去設備をさらに備えるようにしてもよい。これによって、上述のように、油分及び／または揮発性有機化合物を含有する土壌全体をセメント原料として有効利用することができる。
【００２３】
【発明の実施の形態】
次に、本発明の実施の形態について図面を参照しながら説明する。
【００２４】
図１は、本発明にかかる土壌のセメント原料化方法及びシステムを説明するためのフローチャートであって、以下の説明においては、建設発生土をセメント原料化する場合を例にとって説明する。ここで、建設発生土とは、汚染土壌、及び汚染土壌以外の建設工事に伴って生ずる土砂等をいい、平成１５年２月１５日施行の土壌汚染対策法で指定する汚染土壌も含まれる。
【００２５】
まず、建設発生土（以下、適宜、単に「土壌」という）に含まれる油分、有機揮発性物質、重金属等、農薬等の微量成分を分析する。分析の結果、感染性土壌、ＰＣＢを含む土壌、医療廃棄物系土壌、放射能汚染土壌は、受け入れ処理しない。
【００２６】
次に、受け入れの対象となる土壌について改質処理が必要か否かを判断する。ここで、受け入れた土壌に改質が必要かどうかを判断する基準は、その土壌がセメント原料として適しているかどうかであり、具体的には、その土壌の水分量及び化学成分である。水分量は、その土壌のハンドリング性に関わり、その土壌を原料として利用するセメントプラントの受入設備に応じたハンドリング性を有していることが必要である。適切な水分量は、セメントプラントの設備により一概には言えないが、概ね液性限界に近い程度の水分量及びそれ以上の場合には改質が必要である。一方、セメント原料として適している化学組成の範囲は、やはり各々のセメント製造プラントにより一概には言えないが、概ね、ＳｉＯ２が３０％以上、７９％以下、Ａｌ２Ｏ３が１０％以上、８２％以下、Ｆｅ２Ｏ３が３％以上、９％以下である。
【００２７】
受け入れの対象となる土壌の水分量及び化学組成が適切な範囲であれば、改質の必要はなく、そのままセメント原料として利用することができる。但し、以下に述べるように、重金属等の除去、もしくは油分及び／または揮発性有機化合物の除去が必要な場合もある。水分量または化学組成のいずれかが不適切であれば、改質が必要な土壌と判断される。
【００２８】
土壌の改質は、該土壌に対し、セメント、セメントクリンカ、生石灰、石炭灰、スラグ、コンクリート廃材、コンクリート廃材から骨材を回収する際に発生する微粉、セメントキルンの窯尻部または最下段サイクロン部等で８００℃以上の高温に曝されたセメント原料、セメント焼成設備のクリンカクーラーの排ガスを電気集塵器で集塵して得られたダスト、該土壌と異なる他の土壌、鉄粉等の鉄原料、製鋼工程における高炉二次灰、銅カラミ等のリサイクル鉄原料から選択される少なくとも一つを混合することによって行う。改質処理を行った後、物理的特性及び化学成分を分析し、セメント原料として適している場合には、調合原料として原料ミルへ投入したり、キルンの窯尻等に投入してセメント原料として利用する。
【００２９】
一方、改質処理が不要と判断された場合には、土壌が重金属等の除去を要するかどうかを判断する。ここで、重金属等とは、土壌汚染対策法により規制を受けているもので、具体的には、カドミウム及びその化合物、六価クロム化合物、シアン化合物、水銀及びその化合物、セレン及びその化合物、鉛及びその化合物、砒素及びその化合物、ふっ素及びその化合物、ほう素及びその化合物をいう。
【００３０】
重金属等の除去を要する場合は、除去の工程を行い、土壌の金属等含有量が所定の重金属等含有量になるよう調整する。ここで、所定の重金属等含有量とは、該土壌を原料の一部として用いて製造されたセメントを使用する際に問題にならない程度の重金属等の含有量を意味する。例えば、土壌汚染対策法施行規則第１８条第２項の基準によれば、土壌に許容される重金属等含有量として、次のような値が挙げられている。カドミウム及びその化合物：カドミウム１５０ｍｇ／ｋｇ、六価クロム化合物：六価クロム２５０ｍｇ／ｋｇ、シアン化合物：遊離シアン５０ｍｇ／ｋｇ、水銀及びその化合物：水銀１５ｍｇ／ｋｇ、セレン及びその化合物：セレン１５０ｍｇ／ｋｇ、鉛及びその化合物：鉛１５０ｍｇ／ｋｇ、砒素及びその化合物：砒素１５０ｍｇ／ｋｇ、ふっ素及びその化合物：ふっ素４０００ｍｇ／ｋｇ、ほう素及びその化合物：ほう素４０００ｍｇ／ｋｇ。
【００３１】
セメントに許容される重金属等含有量としてこれらの値を設定することは、セメントを使用する際に重金属等の環境への溶出が低く抑えられると期待できるため、現実的である。これらの値から原料全体における重金属等含有量の許容値を求めることができる。ここから、本発明においてセメント原料として利用する土壌の原単位により、該土壌の重金属等含有量の許容値を求めることができる。その許容値を所定の重金属等含有量とすればよい。無論、個別のプラントの条件、セメント原料として利用する土壌の原単位、セメント製造業者の自己基準等により「所定の重金属等含有量」の具体的な値は変動するので、一概に決めるべきものではない。
【００３２】
土壌が重金属等の除去を要する場合には、該土壌を分級設備で分級し、分級後の一部の土壌について重金属等の除去を行ってもよい。ここで、重金属等の除去を行う土壌の粒度は、一概には決められないが、重金属等の除去を行った粒度部分の土壌の重金属等の含有量と、除去を行わない粒度部分の含有量とを合わせた土壌全体の重金属等の含有量が前記の所定の含有量になるよう調整すればよい。例えば、土壌を分級し、該土壌をシルト分と砂質分に分ける。重金属等は、通常粒度の細かいシルト分に集中して存在することが多いため、シルト分のみに対して重金属等の除去を行い、砂質分については重金属等の除去の工程を省略してもよい。これにより、重金属等の除去を行うべき土壌の量を低減することができ、重金属等の除去のための設備にかかる負荷を抑えることができる。尚、砂質分は、セメント原料化するにあたって、場合によっては改質処理が必要となる。
【００３３】
重金属等を除去する方法については限定されないが、例えば、土壌を熱処理し、該熱処理で分離された重金属等を回収する方法、浮遊選鉱技術、磁力選別、比重選別、加熱処理技術、塩化揮発法等を用いることができる。例えば、上記シルト粘土を熱処理設備で焼成し、焼成物をセメント原料として利用し、重金属等回収設備で揮発分から重金属等を分離して再資源化し、重金属等を含まない脱水ケークを原料ミル等に投入し、調合原料の一部としてセメント原料化する。尚、脱水ケークは、場合によっては改質処理が必要となる場合もある。
【００３４】
また、建設発生土以外の焼却飛灰、燃え殻、汚泥、ばいじん、都市ごみ、家畜糞尿、動植物性残渣、廃油、廃プラスチック、繊維くず、ゴムくず、金属くず、ガラスくず、陶磁器くず、木くず、廃酸、廃アルカリ、鉱さい、がれき類、その他各種産業廃棄物等、そのままでは原燃料化することのできない処理困難物についても、建設発生土とともに熱処理設備に投入して同様の処理を行うこともできる。
【００３５】
一方、上記重金属等の除去を要するかどうかを判断する工程において、重金属等の除去を要しないと判断された場合には、油分、揮発性有機化合物について除去処理が必要か否かの判断を行う。ここで、油分とは、重油、石油、軽油、ガソリン、鉱物油、動植物油等を総称したものであり、揮発性有機化合物としては、四塩化炭素、１，２−ジクロロエタン、１，１−ジクロロエチレン、シス−１，２−ジクロロエチレン、１，３−ジクロロブロペン、ジクロロメタン、テトラクロロエチレン、１，１，１−トリクロロエタン、１，１，２−トリクロロエタン、トリクロロエチレン、ベンゼン等が含まれる。
【００３６】
また、所定の油分及び／または揮発性有機化合物含有量とは、土壌をセメント原料として利用した際、セメントプラントからの排ガスが排ガス規制法の基準値に従うような含有量を指す。例えば、電気集塵器を備えたセメントプラントにて土壌をセメント原料として利用する場合、油分及び／または揮発性有機化合物含有量がある程度高い土壌では、電気集塵器に油分が付着することにより集塵効率が低下し、排煙が悪化する可能性がある。このため、セメント原料として土壌を利用する際には、その油分及び／または揮発性有機化合物含有量をある程度以下に調整する必要がある。
【００３７】
その具体的な含有量は、セメントプラントの条件により一概には決められないが、概ね土壌含有量として１０００ｐｐｍ前後である。電気集塵器ではなく、バッグフィルタを備えたセメントプラントでは、このような排煙の問題は起こらないが、油分及び／または揮発性有機化合物含有量が高いままでは、バッグフィルタの目詰まりが起こり易くなり、フィルタを頻繁に交換する必要が生じる。従って、バッグフィルタを備えたセメントプラントにおいても、コストや作業性を考慮してできる限り油分及び／または揮発性有機化合物の除去を行うことが望ましい。
【００３８】
土壌の油分及び／または揮発性有機化合物を除去する場合、除去の方法については特に限定されない。例えば、気泡連行法、分級洗浄技術、泡沫浮上技術、加熱処理技術等を利用することができる。尚、油分及び／または揮発性有機化合物を除去しなくとも、そのまま、セメント焼成キルンの窯尻部、仮焼炉、またはプレヒータの内部温度が８００℃以上の高温部等に投入してセメント原料として利用することもできる。
【００３９】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように、本発明によれば、建設発生土等従来埋め立て処理されていた土壌を可能な限り有効利用し、最終処理場の枯渇化の防止に寄与するとともに、セメント原料の粘土分の不足を補うことが可能となる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明にかかる土壌のセメント原料化方法及びシステムを説明するためのフローチャートである。[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method and a system for converting a soil into a cement raw material, and more particularly to a method and a system for using construction-generated soil or the like containing harmful substances such as oil, volatile organic compounds, and heavy metals as a cement raw material.
[0002]
[Prior art]
2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, much of soil and sand discharged from construction work and soil containing harmful substances commonly known as contaminated soil is mainly buried in a final treatment plant, and the treatment limit is tight.
[0003]
Therefore, for example, in Patent Document 1, oil-contaminated soil is charged into a dryer, and high-temperature gas discharged from a clinker cooler of a cement firing facility is introduced into the dryer as a heat source, and the oil is brought into direct contact with the oil-contaminated soil. It has been proposed to volatilize and introduce a mixed gas containing the volatilized oil into a high-temperature portion of a preheater to completely burn the oil, and to use the soil after volatilization of the oil as a cement raw material.
[0004]
In addition, regarding organic matter-contaminated soil, a cement clinker is manufactured by adding a solvent for imparting fluidity, pulverizing the soil with a wet mill, and then putting it into a kiln bottom part of a rotary kiln of a cement firing facility. Thus, a technique for utilizing organic contaminated soil as an effective resource without affecting the quality of cement clinker is disclosed.
[0005]
Furthermore, Patent Document 3 describes a method in which soil contaminated by harmful substances is ground to 200 μm or less, and then supplied to a kiln end of a rotary kiln of a cement firing facility, and the contaminated soil is treated using a cement manufacturing facility. Have been.
[0006]
On the other hand, the clay content of the cement raw material is from a mountain having a clay content in which the silica content (SiO 2 ) is in the component range of 45 to 78% and the alumina content (Al 2 O 3 ) is in the range of 10 to 26%. It is used for cutting, and the quality of clay is lacking year after year. In addition, the procurement cost for clay has become enormous.
[0007]
[Patent Document 1]
JP 2002-143829 A [Patent Document 2]
JP 2002-346540 A [Patent Document 3]
JP-A-2003-71429
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the conventional techniques including the techniques described in Patent Documents 1 to 3, the soil containing oil, the soil contaminated with organic matter, and the soil contaminated with harmful substances are individually analyzed for chemical components and the like. When it is judged that it can be treated, these soils are only received and treated.If it is judged that the soil cannot be treated based on the results of chemical analysis, etc., they are eventually reclaimed in the final treatment plant. The problem of depletion of final treatment plants is still serious.
[0009]
In view of the above, the present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems in the conventional technology, and the depletion of the final treatment plant has been achieved by making the most effective use of soil that has been conventionally landfilled, such as soil generated from construction. It is an object of the present invention to provide a soil treatment method and system capable of contributing to the prevention of formation of soil and compensating for a shortage of clay in a cement material.
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for converting soil into a cement raw material, comprising the steps of modifying soil, removing heavy metals and the like from the soil, and removing oil and / or volatile organic compounds from the soil. The method is characterized in that soil obtained through at least one of the steps selected from the step of removing and the step of removing is used as a cement raw material.
[0011]
And, according to the present invention, it is judged that processing is impossible from the results of chemical analysis and the like, and soil that cannot be used as a cement raw material by itself conventionally can also be used as a cement raw material after performing a modification treatment or the like. As a result, it is possible to extend the life of the final treatment plant and make up for the shortage of clay in the cement raw material.
[0012]
Also, the present invention is a method for appropriately evaluating soil as a cement raw material, a step of determining whether the soil requires modification, a step of determining whether the soil requires removal of heavy metals and the like, Determining whether removal of oil and / or volatile organic compounds is required.
[0013]
According to this appropriate evaluation method, when the soil requires modification or the like, the soil is used as a cement raw material through the above-described modification step, and when the modification or the like is not required, the soil is directly used as the cement raw material. Can be used.
[0014]
Soil determined to be required for the above-mentioned modification, cement, cement clinker, quicklime, coal ash, slag, concrete waste material, fine powder generated when collecting aggregate from concrete waste material, kiln bottom or bottom of cement kiln Cement raw materials exposed to a high temperature of 800 ° C or more in a cyclone, etc., dust obtained by collecting exhaust gas from a clinker cooler in a cement burning facility with an electric dust collector, other soil different from the soil, iron powder, etc. By mixing at least one selected from recycled iron raw materials such as iron raw materials, blast furnace secondary ash in the steelmaking process, and copper karami, the physical properties and / or chemical properties of the soil determined to be required to be modified The ingredients can be adjusted. As a result, the soil handling properties are improved, and the chemical components are adjusted to be appropriate as the cement raw material, so that the cement raw material can be more easily used.
[0015]
Before the step of removing heavy metals and the like from the soil, a step of classifying the soil may be further included. Soil having a predetermined particle size or less may be discarded without removing heavy metals and the like. Soil exceeding a predetermined particle size may be directly input to a cement raw material mill. Since heavy metals and the like are unevenly distributed in the soil having a small particle size, the soil containing heavy metals and the like can be efficiently treated by performing such classification.
[0016]
In the step of removing heavy metals and the like from the soil, the soil may be classified before removing the heavy metals and the like, and a step of removing the heavy metals and the like may be performed on soil having a predetermined particle size or less. After removing heavy metals and the like, soil having a predetermined particle size or less may be charged into a cement raw material mill, and soil exceeding a predetermined particle size may be directly charged into a cement raw material mill. As described above, the soil containing heavy metals and the like can be efficiently treated by utilizing the fact that heavy metals and the like are unevenly distributed in the soil having a small particle size.
[0017]
The soil includes contaminated soil or earth and sand generated during construction work other than the contaminated soil, and the construction generated soil can be used as a cement material by the method according to the present invention.
[0018]
Further, the present invention is a soil cement raw material conversion system, between the soil source and equipment using the soil as a cement raw material, the soil, cement, cement clinker, quicklime, coal ash, Slag, concrete waste, fine powder generated when collecting aggregates from concrete waste, cement raw materials exposed to high temperatures of 800 ° C or more at the kiln tail or lowermost cyclone of a cement kiln, clinker cooler for cement firing equipment Exhaust gas is collected from dust collected by an electric dust collector, other soils different from the soil, iron raw materials such as iron powder, blast furnace secondary ash in the steel making process, and recycled iron raw materials such as copper lump. And a relay station for adjusting physical properties and / or chemical components of the soil by mixing the soil with at least one of the soils.
[0019]
According to the present invention, since various treatments can be performed at the relay station, the handling property of the received soil is improved, and the chemical component is adjusted to a proper one as a cement raw material, and the cement raw material is more easily used. be able to.
[0020]
A heat treatment facility for heat-treating the soil and a heavy metal recovery facility for recovering heavy metals and the like separated by the heat treatment facility may be further provided. As a result, as described above, the entire soil containing heavy metals and the like can be effectively used as a cement raw material.
[0021]
Classification equipment for classifying the soil and supplying soil having a predetermined particle size or less to the heat treatment equipment may be further provided. Thereby, as described above, the soil containing heavy metals or the like can be efficiently treated.
[0022]
Oil and the like removal equipment for removing oil and / or volatile organic compounds from the soil may be further provided. Thereby, as described above, the entire soil containing the oil component and / or the volatile organic compound can be effectively used as a cement raw material.
[0023]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[0024]
FIG. 1 is a flowchart for explaining a method and a system for converting soil into a cement raw material according to the present invention. In the following description, a case in which construction-generated soil is converted into a cement raw material will be described as an example. Here, the construction soil refers to contaminated soil and soil and the like generated during construction work other than the contaminated soil, and includes contaminated soil specified by the Soil Contamination Countermeasures Law enforced on February 15, 2003.
[0025]
First, trace components such as oils, organic volatile substances, heavy metals, pesticides and the like contained in the soil generated from construction (hereinafter, simply referred to as “soil” as appropriate) are analyzed. As a result of analysis, infectious soil, soil containing PCB, medical waste-based soil, and radioactively contaminated soil will not be accepted and treated.
[0026]
Next, it is determined whether or not the soil to be received requires a reforming treatment. Here, the criterion for judging whether or not the received soil needs to be modified is whether or not the soil is suitable as a cement raw material, specifically, the water content and the chemical component of the soil. The water content is related to the handling property of the soil, and it is necessary to have the handling property according to the receiving facility of the cement plant that uses the soil as a raw material. The appropriate amount of water cannot be determined unconditionally depending on the equipment of the cement plant, but generally needs to be reformed if the amount of water is close to the liquid limit or more. On the other hand, the range of the chemical composition suitable as a cement raw material cannot be unconditionally determined by each cement production plant, but generally, SiO 2 is 30% or more and 79% or less, Al 2 O 3 is 10% or more, 82% or less, Fe 2 O 3 is 3% or more and 9% or less.
[0027]
If the moisture content and the chemical composition of the soil to be accepted are within an appropriate range, there is no need for modification and the soil can be used as it is as a cement raw material. However, as described below, there are cases where it is necessary to remove heavy metals and the like, or to remove oil and / or volatile organic compounds. If either the water content or the chemical composition is inappropriate, it is determined that the soil needs to be modified.
[0028]
For soil modification, cement, cement clinker, quick lime, coal ash, slag, concrete waste, fine powder generated when aggregate is recovered from concrete waste, cement kiln kiln bottom or lower cyclone Raw materials exposed to high temperatures of 800 ° C. or higher in parts and the like, dust obtained by collecting exhaust gas from a clinker cooler of a cement burning facility with an electric dust collector, other soil different from the soil, iron powder, etc. This is performed by mixing at least one selected from recycled iron raw materials such as iron raw materials, blast furnace secondary ash in the steelmaking process, and copper karami. After performing the reforming process, analyze the physical properties and chemical components, and if it is suitable as a cement raw material, put it into a raw material mill as a blended raw material, or put it into a kiln kiln, etc. and make it as a cement raw material Use.
[0029]
On the other hand, when it is determined that the reforming treatment is unnecessary, it is determined whether the soil needs to remove heavy metals or the like. Here, heavy metals and the like are regulated by the Soil Contamination Countermeasures Law, and specifically, cadmium and its compounds, hexavalent chromium compounds, cyanide compounds, mercury and its compounds, selenium and its compounds, and lead And its compound, arsenic and its compound, fluorine and its compound, boron and its compound.
[0030]
When heavy metals and the like need to be removed, a removal step is performed to adjust the content of the metals and the like in the soil to a predetermined heavy metal and the like content. Here, the content of the predetermined heavy metal or the like means a content of the heavy metal or the like that does not cause a problem when using the cement manufactured by using the soil as a part of the raw material. For example, according to the standards of Article 18,
[0031]
Setting these values as the content of heavy metals and the like permitted in the cement is realistic because it is expected that elution of heavy metals and the like into the environment can be suppressed when using the cement. From these values, an allowable value of the content of heavy metals and the like in the entire raw material can be obtained. From this, the permissible value of the content of heavy metals and the like in the soil can be determined from the basic unit of the soil used as a cement raw material in the present invention. What is necessary is just to let the allowable value be a predetermined heavy metal content. Of course, the specific value of the "predetermined heavy metal content" varies depending on the conditions of individual plants, the basic unit of soil used as cement raw material, and the self-criteria of the cement manufacturer. Absent.
[0032]
When the soil requires removal of heavy metals and the like, the soil may be classified by a classification facility, and heavy metals and the like may be removed from some of the soil after the classification. Here, the grain size of the soil from which the heavy metals and the like are removed is not generally determined, but the content of the heavy metals and the like in the soil where the heavy metals and the like are removed and the content of the grain size where the removal is not performed. It is sufficient to adjust the content of heavy metals and the like in the entire soil, which is obtained by combining the above, with the predetermined content. For example, the soil is classified and the soil is divided into silt and sandy components. Since heavy metals and the like are usually concentrated in the silt content having a small particle size, the removal of the heavy metals and the like is performed only on the silt content, and the step of removing the heavy metals and the like is omitted for the sandy content. Good. Thus, the amount of soil from which heavy metals and the like should be removed can be reduced, and the load on equipment for removing heavy metals and the like can be reduced. The sandy material may require a reforming treatment in some cases when it is converted into a cement raw material.
[0033]
The method for removing heavy metals and the like is not limited. For example, a method of heat-treating soil and recovering heavy metals separated by the heat treatment, flotation ore separation technology, magnetic separation, specific gravity separation, heat treatment technology, chloride volatilization method, and the like Can be used. For example, the above silt clay is calcined in a heat treatment facility, the calcined material is used as a cement raw material, heavy metals and the like are separated and recycled from volatiles in a heavy metal and the like recovery facility, and a dehydrated cake containing no heavy metals and the like is converted into a raw material mill or the like. It will be input and converted into a cement raw material as part of the blended raw material. The dehydrated cake may require a reforming treatment in some cases.
[0034]
In addition, incineration fly ash, cinders, sludge, dust, municipal waste, livestock manure, animal and plant residues, waste oil, waste plastic, fiber waste, rubber waste, metal waste, glass waste, ceramic waste, wood waste, waste other than construction waste soil For difficult-to-treat materials that cannot be converted into raw fuels as they are, such as acids, waste alkalis, mine tailings, debris, and various other industrial wastes, the same treatment can be performed by throwing them into the heat treatment facility together with the construction waste soil. .
[0035]
On the other hand, in the step of determining whether the removal of heavy metals or the like is necessary, if it is determined that the removal of heavy metals or the like is not required, it is determined whether or not the oil component and the volatile organic compound need to be removed. . Here, the oil component is a general term for heavy oil, petroleum, light oil, gasoline, mineral oil, animal and vegetable oils and the like, and volatile organic compounds include carbon tetrachloride, 1,2-dichloroethane, 1,1-dichloroethylene. Cis-1,2-dichloroethylene, 1,3-dichloropropene, dichloromethane, tetrachloroethylene, 1,1,1-trichloroethane, 1,1,2-trichloroethane, trichloroethylene, benzene and the like.
[0036]
In addition, the predetermined oil content and / or volatile organic compound content refers to a content such that when soil is used as a cement raw material, exhaust gas from a cement plant complies with the standard value of the Exhaust Gas Regulation Law. For example, when soil is used as a cement raw material in a cement plant equipped with an electrostatic precipitator, if the oil and / or volatile organic compound content is relatively high in the soil, the oil will adhere to the electric precipitator to collect the soil. Dust efficiency may decrease and smoke emission may worsen. Therefore, when using soil as a cement raw material, it is necessary to adjust the oil content and / or volatile organic compound content to a certain level or less.
[0037]
Although the specific content is not determined unconditionally according to the conditions of the cement plant, it is generally about 1000 ppm as the soil content. In a cement plant with a bag filter instead of an electrostatic precipitator, this problem of flue gas does not occur, but if the oil and / or volatile organic compound content remains high, the bag filter can become clogged. And the filter needs to be replaced frequently. Therefore, even in a cement plant having a bag filter, it is desirable to remove oil and / or volatile organic compounds as much as possible in consideration of cost and workability.
[0038]
When removing oil and / or volatile organic compounds from soil, the method of removal is not particularly limited. For example, a bubble entrainment method, a classification cleaning technique, a foam floating technique, a heat treatment technique, and the like can be used. In addition, even if oil and / or volatile organic compounds are not removed, they are directly injected into a kiln bottom of a cement firing kiln, a calciner, or a high-temperature section where the internal temperature of a preheater is 800 ° C. or more, and used as a cement raw material. Can also be used.
[0039]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, soil that has been conventionally landfilled, such as soil generated from construction, is used as effectively as possible, which contributes to prevention of depletion of the final treatment plant, and the clay content of the cement raw material. It is possible to compensate for the shortage.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a flowchart illustrating a method and a system for converting soil into a cement raw material according to the present invention.
Claims (10)
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| JP2003116458A JP2004323255A (en) | 2003-04-22 | 2003-04-22 | Method and system for converting soil to cement raw material |
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| JP2003116458A JP2004323255A (en) | 2003-04-22 | 2003-04-22 | Method and system for converting soil to cement raw material |
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| JP2004323255A true JP2004323255A (en) | 2004-11-18 |
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| JP2007175585A (en) * | 2005-12-27 | 2007-07-12 | Tokuyama Corp | Treatment method of contaminated soil |
| JP2007209826A (en) * | 2005-10-04 | 2007-08-23 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Purifying method of polluted soil |
| JP2008055298A (en) * | 2006-08-30 | 2008-03-13 | Taiheiyo Cement Corp | System for recycling soil |
| JP2008080299A (en) * | 2006-09-28 | 2008-04-10 | Sumitomo Osaka Cement Co Ltd | Method for treating iron-based waste material |
| JP2021053591A (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2021-04-08 | 住友大阪セメント株式会社 | Contaminated soil treatment method |
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