JP2004317304A - Method of instrumentation for measuring position of article etc., and control method for article management and method of controlling crane - Google Patents

Method of instrumentation for measuring position of article etc., and control method for article management and method of controlling crane Download PDF

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JP2004317304A
JP2004317304A JP2003111805A JP2003111805A JP2004317304A JP 2004317304 A JP2004317304 A JP 2004317304A JP 2003111805 A JP2003111805 A JP 2003111805A JP 2003111805 A JP2003111805 A JP 2003111805A JP 2004317304 A JP2004317304 A JP 2004317304A
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Prior art keywords
article
articles
height
crane
stacked
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JP2003111805A
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Japanese (ja)
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Seizo Sekimoto
誠造 関本
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YODO CASTING CO Ltd
YODO CASTING KK
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YODO CASTING CO Ltd
YODO CASTING KK
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Priority to JP2003111805A priority Critical patent/JP2004317304A/en
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06MCOUNTING MECHANISMS; COUNTING OF OBJECTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06M9/00Counting of objects in a stack thereof
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06MCOUNTING MECHANISMS; COUNTING OF OBJECTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06M1/00Design features of general application
    • G06M1/08Design features of general application for actuating the drive
    • G06M1/10Design features of general application for actuating the drive by electric or magnetic means
    • G06M1/101Design features of general application for actuating the drive by electric or magnetic means by electro-optical means

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)
  • Control And Safety Of Cranes (AREA)

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for instrumentation for measuring such as positions of articles, a height of piled up articles, and positions of the articles for counting the number of the articles; a method of controlling the articles based on the instrumentation; and a method for controlling a crane for hang down a hook of the crane till the height to hook the articles based on this instrumentation. <P>SOLUTION: The articles 1 are piled up while position of each article is shifted horizontally. A laser range finder 2 irradiates each article on its exposed upper surface with a laser beam 3 from upward while travelling horizontally, at this time, a reflection angle or an incident angle of the reflected beam is detected. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、物品の位置と物品までの距離をレーザ距離計で計測し、この計測値をもとに物品の積み上げ高さや個数を計測する物品の位置等の計測方法と、この方法に基づく物品管理方法と、前記計測方法により物品を掛けることのできる高さまでクレーンのフックを下降制御するクレーンの制御方法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
広い敷地をもつ倉庫内において、物品を平面区画毎に積み上げて保管することは一般的に行なわれており、特に、物品や物品の容器が積み上げに適した比較的平坦な形状をもつ場合には最適な積み上げ方法である。
従来における物品を積み上げる方法には、1つの物品の上に1つの物品を順に積み上げていく方法(垂直積み上げ方法と呼ぶことにする)、1列のピラミッド型に積み上げていく方法、面方向に並べた上に積み上げるいわゆるパレット積みなどがある。
【0003】
そして、積み上げた物品の高さや個数を測定する従来技術として、例えば、特開平10−330075号公報に記載の円柱状物体の形状及び位置検出装置が公知である。この従来技術公報の明細書における段落番号「0016」には、天井クレーンに設置した2台の二次元レーザ距離計から、製鋼コイル(略Z方向)に向けて、常に、シリンドリカルレンズ等にて帯状にしたレーザ光線を照射し、一定の幅を以って照射されたレーザ光線は、製鋼コイルによって反射され、その反射光線が、二次元レーザ距離計に入射することにより、二次元レーザ距離計により、製鋼コイルの表面までの距離及び角度を計測する円柱状物体の形状及び位置検出装置の技術が記載されている。
【0004】
また、大きな工場や管理倉庫内に保管されている各種物品が重量物である場合、その搬出入は天井走行クレーンやフォークリフトなどで行なわれる。このうちの天井走行クレーンは、建物の天井近くに設備したX軸方向に向けた走行レールにY軸方向に走行自在なブリッジを有し、このブリッジに沿ってトロリーがモータ駆動により走行し、トロリーに搭載した巻上げ用モータでフックを吊るしたワイヤーをZ軸方向である上下方向に移動させる設置型の大型搬送設備である。
ところで、天井クレーンを利用して物品を吊上げる場合、物品を掛ける最適な高さまでフックを下ろす必要がある。これに関する従来技術は、例えば、上述した特開平10−330075号公報に記載の円柱状物体の形状及び位置検出装置により、2台のレーザ距離計で行なっていた。
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、上述した物品の積み上げ方法により積み上げた物品の個数を計測する場合、各物品の高さや形状が一定の場合には、物品の最上面の高さから1つの物品の高さを割算することで算出できるが、例えば、各物品の上面や下面の凹凸によって積み上げた姿勢が一定でない場合には、物品の個数を算出するときの大きな誤差となって正確な個数を割り出すことが出来ないことがある。
また、上述した従来技術により物品を掛ける高さまでクレーンのフックを下降させる制御技術では、2台のレーザ距離計が必要であり、しかも、これらの距離計はフックの高さ制御という1つの測定だけに用いられていた。
【0006】
本発明者は、上述した従来技術より簡単な方法で、しかも、物品の位置、積み上げ高さ、物品の個数が計測できる物品の位置等の複数の計測ができ、特に、既存の設備にレーザ距離計を設けるという簡単な装備の追加と、物品の積み上げ方法を若干変化させたり、或いは、積み上げた各物品の間にレーザ光線を反射させる反射体を挟むという簡単な作業を加えるだけで、物品の位置、積み上げ高さ、物品の個数が計測できる物品の位置等の計測方法を提供することを目的とする。
また、この計測方法に基づく物品管理方法を提供することも目的とする。
そして更に、既に設備されているクレーン、特に天井走行型クレーンのトロリー若しくはフックを支持している近傍個所などにレーザ距離計を設けるという簡単な装備の追加と、物品の積み上げ方法に若干の変化を加えるだけで、この計測方法により物品を掛ける高さまでクレーンのフックを下降制御するクレーンの制御方法を提供することをも目的とする。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
以上の課題を達成するために提案される請求項1に記載の発明は、物品を水平方向に位置をずらして積み上げて、その上方からレーザ距離計を水平方向に移動させながら各物品の露見している上面に向けてレーザ光線を照射することにより各物品までの距離計測を行ない、この計測結果をもとに各物品の位置と物品の積み上げ高さと物品の個数の少なくとも1つの計測する物品の位置等の計測方法である。
【0008】
物品を床の上に積み上げる方法として、直(じか)積み、パレット積みなどがあり、本発明方法においてパレット上に積み上げた物品の個数を計測する場合には、積み上げた物品の高さからパレットの高さを減算する。そして、物品を水平方向に位置をずらして積み上げる方法として、1つの物品の上に1つの物品を少しずつ水平方向に位置をずらせながら不安定にならない高さまで順に積み上げていく方法(単品積み上げ方法と呼ぶことにする)、ピラミッド型に積み上げていく方法、面方向に並べた上に積み上げた後、全体を横方向から押して各段づつ位置をずらせる方法などが挙げられ、本発明では積み上げ方法を基本においているが、後述した積み上げ方法を採ってもよい。
【0009】
本発明方法で用いられるレーザ距離計は、レーザモジュール内の半導体レーザダイオードから発振したレーザ光線をコリメートレンズで収束させて照射し、この照射したレーザ光線を受光器で受光し、この反射光線の反射角又は反射光線の入射角を検出することにより光源から反射地点までの距離を三角測量して算出する公知の距離計が用いられる。照射するレーザ光線をシリンドリカルレンズで帯状に変化させてもよい。製品としてのレーザ距離計を使用していなくても、レーザ距離計に必要な機能を備えておればよい。
【0010】
本発明方法では、このレーザ距離計を物品の上方から水平方向に移動させながら、レーザ光線を直下方に向けて照射し、物品の上面で反射した反射光線の反射角又は入射角を検出して、物品の位置と、光線源から物品までの距離を計測する。
【0011】
そして、光線源から物品までの距離をもとに、積み上げた物品の高さと、物品の個数のすくなくとも1の計測を行なう。その演算は、(積み上げた物品の高さ)=(光線源の高さ)−(光線源から物品までの距離)で算出でき、物品の個数は、各光線源から物品までの距離の変化の数を合計することで算出できる。また、積み上げた各物品の高さが同じであるときには、(物品の個数)=(最上段の物品の高さ)/(物品に高さ)で算出できる。このようにすると、工場や倉庫内における物品をコンピュータ管理できる。
【0012】
本発明方法を実施するにあたり、物品を水平方向に位置をずらして積み上げたときに姿勢が不安定になる場合には、載置台や背もたれ用の壁や板材或いは柱を利用すればよい。例えば、載置台を使用する場合には、レーザ光線が通過する網目、開孔、格子目、切欠き、などの空間が形成された載置台を用いる。
載置台の上方と下方に物品を積み上げるときには、各物品の上端面が上方から全て露見できるように、夫々位置を水平方向にずらして積み上げる。そして、上方から照射したレーザ光線が載置台を物品や床と間違えて検出しないように、載置台にはレーザ光線が通過する空間を設ける。例えば、載置台がテーブル面になっているときには、このテーブル面に適当な大きさの開口や切欠きを設ける。格子状や梯子状の載置台を利用するときには格子目や梯子の間の空間内にレーザ光線を通過させる。レ―ザ光線が載置台の網目や格子に触れて反射したり屈折したり拡散しても、これらの反射光などは物品の反射光と屈折角や照度が大きく異なるので物品と間違えることはない。検知信号や物品が軽量な場合には強化ガラス製のテーブル面を備えた載置台を使用してもよい。
【0013】
また、本発明では、各物品を水平方向に位置をすらせない、いわゆる普通のつみ方で上方に積み上げた場合でも、各物品の位置と物品の積み上げ高さと物品の個数を計測できる方法も提案する。
請求項2による物品の位置等の計測方法は、レーザ光線を反射させる反射体を上方から見て位置をずらせるようにして、その基部を積み上げた各物品の間に挟み入れ、上方からレーザ距離計を水平方向に移動させながら各反射体の上面に向けてレーザ光線を照射して各物品までの距離計測を行ない、この計測結果をもとに各物品の位置と物品の積み上げた高さと物品の個数のうちの少なくとも1の計測を行なう方法である。
【0014】
この方法は積み上げた各物品の間に反射体を挿し込むだけの簡単な作業を行なうだけで計測の準備ができ、このための所要時間も僅かで済む。反射体の形状はレーザ光線を反射する面を持つものであれば足り、例えば、札状、団扇(うちわ)状、円板状、楕円板状、旗状、略三角形状のものが挙げられる。反射体の材質についてもレーザ光線を反射し、かつ張りのある形状安定性に優れ、更に好ましくは、耐久性があるもの、例えば、アルミニウム板、ステンレス板、銅板などの金属板、プラスチック板、腰の強い板紙、木製の板などが挙げられる。
この請求項2による計測方法は、レーザ光線を反射体に反射させて行う他は、上述した請求項1の方法と同じである。
このようにすると、更に簡単に上述した計測が行なえる。
【0015】
ところで、上述した本発明の各方法において積み上げる物品は、積み上げ易い略扁平な形状をもつものが特に適しており、本発明の請求項3では、最適な物品として、マンホール蓋を挙げる。このマンホール蓋は、蓋だけでなく、蓋と受枠がセットになったものも該当する。
【0016】
そして、本発明では、請求項4において、上述した計測方法により物品の種類と在庫数と位置をコンピュータデータとして管理してディスプレイの画面上に表示する方法を採る物品管理方法を提案し、レーザ距離計を用いた安価でありかつ機能性に優れた物品管理方法によるシステムが構築できるようにした。
【0017】
そして更に、本発明では、請求項5において、上述した計測方法により最上段に積み上げられている物品の高さを計測し、この計測値をもとにクレーンのフックを吊下げているワイヤーの巻き上げモータを制御して、物品を掛ける最適な高さまでフックを下ろすクレーンの制御方法を挙げ、レーザ距離計を設けるという安価な装備の追加で、物品をフックに掛けるときの作業が円滑に行なえるようにした。なお、フックを物品の中央に下ろしてフックを掛け易くするため、レーザ光線を一旦、物品の上面を通過させ、その通過させた距離を演算回路部で1/2に除算して、その演算値をもとに物品の中心位置を割り出し、その位置の上方にフックが位置するように制御する方法も提案する。
【0018】
【発明の実施の形態】
次に本発明による物品の位置等の計測方法と、商品管理方法と、クレーンフックの制御方法についてこれらの具体的な実施の形態を添付の図面に沿って詳述する。
図1は本発明の第1実施形態による物品の位置等の計測方法を簡略した正面図で示し、図2は物品を積み上げた状態を平面図で示している。
これら各図に示すように、本実施形態による物品の位置等の計測方法は、物品1,1・・を水平方向に位置をずらして積み上げることを前提としている。そして、その上方からレーザ距離計2を水平方向に移動させながら各物品1,1・・の上方から露見している上面1a,1a・・に向けてレーザ光線3を照射して行なう。
上述した水平方向はレーザ距離計2が移動する方向であり、この方向はX方向でもY方向のいずれであってもよい。レーザ距離計2は物品1,1・・を置いている倉庫内の上方に水平方向、好ましくは行方向に位置する支持材4に沿ってモータ駆動により移動できるように支持されており、レーザ距離計2内のレーザモジュール2aからレーザ光線3を下方に向けて照射し、この照射したレーザ光線3が下方の床や各物品1,1・・に反射させ、この反射光3aをレーザ距離計2内の受光器2bで受光するとともに、反射光3aの入射角又は反射角を計測しこの計測値を演算回路部4で演算し、その演算値をもとに、物品1を検知したかどうかの検知と、最上段の物品 1aの上面までの高さと、積み上げた物品1,1・・の個数を算出し、この算出したデータをパソコン5に送り、ディスプレイ6上で見て物品1の管理ができるようになっている。
【0019】
図3は本発明の第2実施形態による物品の位置等の計測方法を簡略した斜視図で示している。図3に示すように、この実施形態では、各物品1,1・・は水平方向に位置をずらせない、いわゆる垂直積みにする。そして、積み上げた各物品1,1・の間に長方形を有する金属板製の支持体12,12・をレーザ距離計2が移動する水平方向に順に位置をずらせて挿し込む。そして、レーザ距離計2内のレーザモジュール2aからレーザ光線3を下方に向けて照射し、この照射したレーザ光線3が下方の床や各物品1,1・・に反射させ、この反射光3aをレーザ距離計2内の受光器2bで受光する。そして、この反射光3aの入射角又は反射角を計測し、この計測値をもとに、物品1を検知したかどうかの検知と、最上段の物品1aの上面までの高さと、積み上げた物品1,1・・の個数を算出し、この算出したデータをパソコン5に送り、ディスプレイ6上で見て物品1の管理ができるようになっている。
【0020】
図4は上述した第1実施形態による物品の位置等の計測方法を天井走行型クレーン7に適用した事例を正面図で示している。天井走行型クレーン7は、倉庫内の天井近くにX軸方向に2本の走行レール8,8が柱9,9上に装備され、この2本の走行レール8,8によってY軸方向にブリッジ10の両端が走行レール8.8に沿って走行自在に支持され、このブリッジ10にモータ走行するトロリー11が支持され、トロリー11に搭載した巻上げ用モータ12で、フック13を吊るしているワイヤー14をZ軸方向である上下方向に巻き上げたり下ろしたりする大型の設置型搬送装置である。
本実施形態においては、この天井型クレーン7におけるフック13の支持部15にレーザ距離計2を装備し、レーザ光線3がフック13とともに上下移動し、またブリッジ10の移動やトロリー11の走行によってX軸及びY軸方向に移動するようにした。
【0021】
そして、図1に示した構成と同様に、レーザ距離計2と演算回路部4とを接続線又は無線或いは赤外線で接続し、演算回路部4とパソコン5とを接続線で接続した。
【0022】
図5は天井走行型クレーン7を設備した倉庫内における各物品1,1・・の保管位置を平面図で示しており、図4に示すように、各物品1,1・・をX軸及びY軸方向に列を揃えて一定間隔毎に保管し、レーザ距離計2による計測とフック13による吊上げ及び吊下げを容易にすることが望ましい。
【0023】
【発明の効果】
以上説明した本発明による物品の位置等の計測方法によれば、安定した姿勢で、しかも重量負担で物品を損傷させることなく物品を積み上げることができ、このようにして積み上げた各物品の位置や高さ、個数が計測できる。特に、本発明方法はレーザ距離計を使用した簡単な構成で実現でき、工場や倉庫内における物品の管理がコンピュータ管理でき、設備コストも安価に抑えることができる。
【0024】
また、上述した本発明方法により、倉庫内の物品管理を安価でありかつ機能性に優れたものにできる。
【0025】
更に、上述した本発明方法により、倉庫内において、積み上げられている物品の最上段の高さを計測し、この計測値をもとにクレーンのフックを吊下げているワイヤーの巻き上げモータを制御して、物品を掛ける最適な高さまでフックを下ろすことができるようになり、この結果、レーザ距離計を設けるという安価な装備の追加で、物品をフックに掛けるときの作業が円滑に行なえるようになった。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の第1実施形態によるによる物品の位置等の計測方法を簡略して示した正面図である
【図2】同じく物品を積み上げ方法を示した平面図である。
【図3】本発明の第2実施形態によるによる物品の位置等の計測方法を簡略して示した斜視図である
【図4】第1実施形態による物品の位置等の計測方法を天井走行型クレーンに適用した事例を示した正面図である。
【図5】天井走行型クレーンを設備した倉庫内における各物品の保管位置を示した平面図である。
【符号の説明】
1 物品
2 レーザ距離計
3 レーザ光線
3a 反射角
4 演算回路部
5 パソコン
6 ディスプレイ
7 井走行型クレーン
8 走行レール
10 ブリッジ
11 トロリー
12 巻上げ用モータ
13 フック
14 ワイヤー
[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention measures a position of an article and a distance to the article with a laser distance meter, and based on the measured value, measures a stacking height and number of articles, a method of measuring the position of the article, and an article based on this method. The present invention relates to a management method and a crane control method for controlling a crane hook to descend to a height at which articles can be hung by the measurement method.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In a warehouse with a large site, it is common practice to store articles in stacks of each flat section, especially when the articles or containers of articles have a relatively flat shape suitable for stacking. This is the optimal stacking method.
Conventional methods for stacking articles include a method of sequentially stacking one article on one article (referred to as a vertical stacking method), a method of stacking in one row of a pyramid, and a method of arranging in a plane direction. There are so-called pallet stacks that are stacked on top of each other.
[0003]
As a conventional technique for measuring the height and the number of stacked articles, for example, a column-shaped object shape and position detection device described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-330075 is known. The paragraph number "0016" in the specification of this prior art publication indicates that two two-dimensional laser rangefinders installed on an overhead crane are always in a belt shape with a cylindrical lens or the like toward a steel making coil (substantially Z direction). The laser beam irradiated with a certain width is reflected by the steel making coil, and the reflected beam is incident on the two-dimensional laser range finder, so that the two-dimensional laser range finder is used. A technique for detecting the shape and position of a cylindrical object for measuring the distance and angle to the surface of a steel making coil is described.
[0004]
In addition, when various articles stored in a large factory or a management warehouse are heavy, the loading and unloading is performed by an overhead traveling crane, a forklift, or the like. Of these, the overhead traveling crane has a bridge that can travel in the Y-axis direction on a traveling rail in the X-axis direction provided near the ceiling of the building, along which the trolley travels by motor drive, and the trolley travels. This is an installation-type large-size transfer facility that moves a wire, whose hook is suspended by a hoisting motor mounted on a vertical axis, in the Z-axis direction.
By the way, when lifting an article using an overhead crane, it is necessary to lower the hook to an optimal height for hanging the article. In the related art, for example, two laser rangefinders are used for detecting the shape and position of a cylindrical object described in JP-A-10-330075.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, when measuring the number of articles stacked by the above-described article stacking method, when the height and shape of each article are constant, the height of one article is divided by the height of the top surface of the article. However, for example, if the stacked posture is not constant due to the unevenness of the upper and lower surfaces of each article, a large error will occur when calculating the number of articles, and it will not be possible to determine the exact number. There is.
Further, in the control technique for lowering the hook of the crane to the height at which the article is hung according to the conventional technique described above, two laser distance meters are required, and these distance meters only have one measurement, that is, the hook height control. It was used for.
[0006]
The present inventor can perform a plurality of measurements such as the position of an article, the height of a stack, and the position of an article from which the number of articles can be measured by a simpler method than the above-described conventional technique. The addition of simple equipment such as providing a meter and slightly changing the method of stacking articles, or adding a simple task of interposing a reflector that reflects the laser beam between each stacked article, It is an object of the present invention to provide a method of measuring the position, the height of a stack, the position of an article, and the like in which the number of articles can be measured.
Another object is to provide an article management method based on this measurement method.
In addition, the addition of simple equipment such as installing a laser range finder on a crane that has already been installed, especially a place supporting the trolley or hook of an overhead traveling crane, and a slight change in the method of stacking articles. It is another object of the present invention to provide a crane control method for controlling the crane hook to descend to a height at which an article is hung by this measuring method.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The invention according to claim 1 proposed to achieve the above object is to dispose the articles by shifting the position in the horizontal direction and exposing each article while moving the laser rangefinder horizontally from above. The distance to each article is measured by irradiating a laser beam toward the upper surface of the article, and based on the measurement result, at least one of the article to be measured including the position of each article, the stacking height of the articles, and the number of articles. This is a method for measuring the position and the like.
[0008]
As a method of stacking articles on the floor, there are direct (direct) stacking, pallet stacking, and the like. When counting the number of articles stacked on the pallet in the method of the present invention, the pallet is calculated from the height of the stacked articles. Subtract height. As a method of stacking articles by shifting the position in the horizontal direction, a method of sequentially stacking one article on one article to a height that does not become unstable while gradually shifting the position in the horizontal direction (single article stacking method and To be called), a method of stacking in a pyramid shape, a method of stacking on a plane and then pushing the whole from the side to shift the position of each step, and the like. Basically, the stacking method described later may be adopted.
[0009]
The laser range finder used in the method of the present invention converges and irradiates a laser beam oscillated from a semiconductor laser diode in a laser module with a collimating lens, receives the irradiated laser beam with a light receiver, and reflects the reflected laser beam. A well-known distance meter that calculates the distance from the light source to the reflection point by triangulation by detecting the angle or the incident angle of the reflected light beam is used. The laser beam to be irradiated may be changed into a band shape by a cylindrical lens. Even if a laser rangefinder as a product is not used, it is only necessary to provide a function necessary for the laser rangefinder.
[0010]
In the method of the present invention, while moving the laser range finder horizontally from above the article, the laser beam is irradiated directly downward, and the reflection angle or incident angle of the reflected light beam reflected on the upper surface of the article is detected. , The position of the article and the distance from the light source to the article.
[0011]
Then, at least one measurement of the height of the stacked articles and the number of articles is performed based on the distance from the light source to the articles. The calculation can be calculated by (the height of the stacked articles) = (the height of the light source) − (the distance from the light source to the article), and the number of the articles is the change of the distance from each light source to the article. It can be calculated by summing the numbers. When the heights of the stacked articles are the same, the number of articles can be calculated by (number of articles) = (height of article at top) / (height of article). In this way, articles in a factory or warehouse can be managed by computer.
[0012]
In carrying out the method of the present invention, if the posture becomes unstable when the articles are stacked with their positions shifted in the horizontal direction, a mounting table, a wall for backrest, a plate material or a column may be used. For example, when a mounting table is used, a mounting table in which a space such as a mesh, an opening, a grid, a notch, or the like through which a laser beam passes is used.
When stacking articles above and below the mounting table, the articles are stacked with their positions shifted in the horizontal direction so that the upper end surfaces of the articles can all be exposed from above. The mounting table is provided with a space through which the laser beam passes so that the laser beam irradiated from above does not mistakenly detect the mounting table as an article or a floor. For example, when the mounting table is on a table surface, an opening or notch of an appropriate size is provided on the table surface. When a grid-like or ladder-like mounting table is used, a laser beam is passed through the space between the grids or the ladder. Even if the laser beam is reflected, refracted, or diffused by touching the mesh or grid of the mounting table, such reflected light will not be mistaken for an article because the angle of refraction and illuminance of the reflected light differ greatly from that of the article. . When the detection signal or the article is lightweight, a mounting table provided with a tempered glass table surface may be used.
[0013]
In addition, the present invention also proposes a method that can measure the position of each article, the height of the articles, and the number of articles even when the articles are piled up by a so-called ordinary gripping method, in which the articles are not horizontally positioned. I do.
The method for measuring the position of an article according to claim 2 is such that the reflector that reflects the laser beam is shifted in position when viewed from above, the base is sandwiched between the stacked articles, and the laser distance is measured from above. While moving the meter in the horizontal direction, a laser beam is irradiated toward the upper surface of each reflector to measure the distance to each article.Based on the measurement result, the position of each article, the height of the stacked articles and the article This is a method for measuring at least one of the numbers.
[0014]
According to this method, the measurement can be prepared only by performing a simple operation of inserting a reflector between the stacked articles, and the time required for the measurement is short. It is sufficient that the reflector has a surface that reflects a laser beam, and examples thereof include a bill shape, a fan shape, a disc shape, an elliptic plate shape, a flag shape, and a substantially triangular shape. The material of the reflector also reflects the laser beam and has excellent stretched shape stability, and more preferably, it is durable, for example, a metal plate such as an aluminum plate, a stainless steel plate, or a copper plate, a plastic plate, or a metal plate. Paperboard, wooden board and the like.
The measuring method according to claim 2 is the same as the method according to claim 1 described above, except that the measurement is performed by reflecting a laser beam on a reflector.
In this way, the above-described measurement can be performed more easily.
[0015]
By the way, the articles to be stacked in each of the above-described methods of the present invention are particularly suitable to have a substantially flat shape that is easy to stack. In claim 3 of the present invention, a manhole cover is mentioned as an optimum article. The manhole cover is not limited to the cover, but also includes a set of a cover and a receiving frame.
[0016]
The present invention proposes an article management method according to claim 4, which employs a method of managing the type, stock quantity, and position of articles as computer data and displaying them on a display screen by the above-described measuring method. An inexpensive and highly functional article management method using a meter can be constructed.
[0017]
Further, in the present invention, according to claim 5, the height of the articles stacked on the uppermost stage is measured by the above-described measuring method, and the hoisting of the wire hanging the hook of the crane based on the measured value is performed. A method of controlling the crane that controls the motor and lowers the hook to the optimum height for hanging the article, and adding an inexpensive equipment with a laser range finder, so that the work when hanging the article on the hook can be done smoothly. I made it. In order to make the hook easy to hook by lowering the hook at the center of the article, the laser beam is once passed through the upper surface of the article, and the distance passed by the laser beam is divided by 1/2 in the arithmetic circuit section, and the calculated value is calculated. Also, a method is proposed in which the center position of the article is determined based on the position, and the hook is positioned above that position.
[0018]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Next, a specific embodiment of a method for measuring the position of an article, a product management method, and a method for controlling a crane hook according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a simplified front view showing a method for measuring the position and the like of an article according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a plan view showing a state in which articles are stacked.
As shown in each of these drawings, the method of measuring the position of an article or the like according to the present embodiment is based on the premise that articles 1, 1,... Then, while moving the laser range finder 2 in the horizontal direction from above, the laser beam 3 is emitted toward the upper surfaces 1a, 1a,.
The horizontal direction described above is a direction in which the laser distance meter 2 moves, and this direction may be either the X direction or the Y direction. The laser distance meter 2 is supported so as to be movable by a motor drive along a support member 4 located horizontally, preferably in a row direction, above the warehouse in which the articles 1, 1,. A laser beam 3 is irradiated downward from a laser module 2a in the total 2, and the irradiated laser beam 3 is reflected on a floor below and each article 1, 1,... The light receiving device 2b receives the light, and measures the incident angle or the reflection angle of the reflected light 3a. The measured value is calculated by the arithmetic circuit unit 4, and based on the calculated value, it is detected whether the article 1 is detected. , The height of the uppermost article 1a to the upper surface and the number of the stacked articles 1, 1,... Are sent to the personal computer 5, and the article 1 can be managed by viewing it on the display 6. It has become.
[0019]
FIG. 3 is a simplified perspective view showing a method of measuring an article position and the like according to a second embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 3, in this embodiment, the articles 1, 1,... Are so-called vertical stacks that do not shift in the horizontal direction. Then, between the stacked articles 1, 1., The support members 12, 12. Made of a metal plate having a rectangular shape are sequentially shifted in the horizontal direction in which the laser distance meter 2 moves, and inserted. Then, a laser beam 3 is emitted downward from a laser module 2a in the laser range finder 2, and the emitted laser beam 3 is reflected on the floor below and on each article 1, 1,. The light is received by a light receiver 2b in the distance meter 2. Then, the incident angle or the reflection angle of the reflected light 3a is measured, and based on the measured value, it is detected whether or not the article 1 has been detected, the height up to the upper surface of the uppermost article 1a, and the stacked articles The number of 1, 1,... Is calculated, the calculated data is sent to the personal computer 5, and the article 1 can be managed by viewing it on the display 6.
[0020]
FIG. 4 is a front view showing an example in which the method for measuring the position of an article and the like according to the first embodiment is applied to the overhead traveling crane 7. The overhead traveling crane 7 is equipped with two traveling rails 8 and 8 on columns 9 and 9 in the X-axis direction near the ceiling in the warehouse, and the two traveling rails 8 and 8 bridge in the Y-axis direction. Both ends of the trolley 10 are supported so as to be able to run along a running rail 8.8. A trolley 11 for motor running is supported on the bridge 10 and a wire 14 suspending a hook 13 by a hoisting motor 12 mounted on the trolley 11. Is a large installation type transport device that rolls up and down in the vertical direction which is the Z-axis direction.
In the present embodiment, a laser distance meter 2 is mounted on the support portion 15 of the hook 13 in the overhead crane 7 so that the laser beam 3 moves up and down together with the hook 13, and the X beam is moved by the movement of the bridge 10 or the trolley 11. It moved in the direction of the axis and the Y axis.
[0021]
Then, similarly to the configuration shown in FIG. 1, the laser rangefinder 2 and the arithmetic circuit unit 4 were connected by a connection line or wireless or infrared rays, and the arithmetic circuit unit 4 and the personal computer 5 were connected by a connection line.
[0022]
FIG. 5 is a plan view showing a storage position of each article 1, 1,... In a warehouse equipped with the overhead traveling crane 7, and as shown in FIG. It is desirable to align the rows in the Y-axis direction and store them at regular intervals to facilitate measurement by the laser distance meter 2 and lifting and hanging by the hook 13.
[0023]
【The invention's effect】
According to the method for measuring the position of an article or the like according to the present invention described above, articles can be stacked in a stable posture without damaging the article with a heavy load. Height and number can be measured. In particular, the method of the present invention can be realized with a simple configuration using a laser distance meter, the management of articles in factories and warehouses can be managed by computer, and equipment costs can be reduced.
[0024]
Further, according to the method of the present invention described above, article management in a warehouse can be made inexpensive and excellent in functionality.
[0025]
Further, according to the above-described method of the present invention, the height of the top of the stacked articles is measured in the warehouse, and the hoisting motor of the wire hanging the hook of the crane is controlled based on the measured value. As a result, it is possible to lower the hook to the optimum height for hanging the article, and as a result, the addition of the inexpensive equipment of installing a laser rangefinder allows the work when hanging the article to the hook to be performed smoothly. became.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a front view schematically showing a method of measuring the position of an article according to a first embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 2 is a plan view showing a method of stacking articles according to the first embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a perspective view schematically showing a method of measuring the position of an article according to a second embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a method of measuring the position of an article according to the first embodiment; It is the front view which showed the example applied to the crane.
FIG. 5 is a plan view showing a storage position of each article in a warehouse equipped with an overhead traveling crane.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Article 2 Laser distance meter 3 Laser beam 3a Reflection angle 4 Arithmetic circuit part 5 Personal computer 6 Display 7 Well-traveling crane 8 Traveling rail 10 Bridge 11 Trolley 12 Hoisting motor 13 Hook 14 Wire

Claims (6)

物品を水平方向に位置をずらして積み上げて、その上方からレーザ距離計を水平方向に移動させながら各物品の露見している上面に向けてレーザ光線を照射することにより各物品までの距離計測を行ない、この計測結果をもとに各物品の位置と物品の積み上げた高さと物品の個数の少なくとも1の計測を行なうことを特徴とする物品の位置等の計測方法。Items are stacked with their positions shifted in the horizontal direction, and the distance to each item is measured by irradiating a laser beam toward the exposed upper surface of each item while moving the laser rangefinder horizontally from above. And measuring at least one of the position of each article, the stacked height of the articles, and the number of articles based on the measurement results. 積み上げた各物品の間にレーザ光線を反射させる反射体を上方から見て位置をずらせかつ側方に突出させるようにして挟み、その上方からレーザ距離計を水平方向に移動させながら各反射体の上面に向けてレーザ光線を照射することにより各物品までの距離計測を行ない、この計測結果をもとに各物品の位置と物品の積み上げた高さと物品の個数のうちの少なくとも1の計測を行なう物品の位置等の計測方法。A reflector for reflecting the laser beam is shifted between the stacked articles so as to be displaced when viewed from above and protruded to the side, and the laser rangefinder is horizontally moved from above, and the reflector of each reflector is moved. The distance to each article is measured by irradiating a laser beam toward the upper surface, and at least one of the position of each article, the stacked height of articles, and the number of articles is measured based on the measurement result. A method for measuring the position of an article. 物品がマンホール蓋である請求項1又は請求項2に記載の物品の位置等の計測方法。3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the article is a manhole cover. 請求項1乃至請求項3のいずれかに記載の計測方法により物品の種類と在庫数と位置をコンピュータデータとして管理してディスプレイの画面に表示する物品管理方法。An article management method for managing the type, stock quantity, and position of an article as computer data by the measurement method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, and displaying the computer data on a display screen. 請求項1乃至請求項3のいずれかに記載の計測方法により最上段に積み上げられている物品の高さを計測し、この計測値をもとにクレーンのフックを吊下げているワイヤーの巻き上げモータを制御して、物品を掛ける最適な高さまでフックを下降制御するクレーンの制御方法。A wire hoist motor for measuring the height of the articles stacked on the top by the measuring method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, and suspending the hook of the crane based on the measured value. A crane control method that controls the hook to lower the hook to the optimum height for hanging the article. クレーンが天井走行型クレーンである請求項5に記載のクレーンの制御方法。The crane control method according to claim 5, wherein the crane is an overhead traveling crane.
JP2003111805A 2003-04-16 2003-04-16 Method of instrumentation for measuring position of article etc., and control method for article management and method of controlling crane Withdrawn JP2004317304A (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7428781B2 (en) 2006-01-23 2008-09-30 John C Wickhart Method and apparatus for performing overhead crane rail alignment surveys
GB2451101A (en) * 2007-07-18 2009-01-21 Ian Kerrigan Automatic Sheet Counting System for Corrugated Cardboard
JP2013239105A (en) * 2012-05-17 2013-11-28 Jfe Steel Corp Device for measuring number of circular cross section long articles in hexagonal bundle
JP2015043124A (en) * 2013-08-26 2015-03-05 Jfeスチール株式会社 Steel pipe number counter and steel pipe number counting method

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7428781B2 (en) 2006-01-23 2008-09-30 John C Wickhart Method and apparatus for performing overhead crane rail alignment surveys
GB2451101A (en) * 2007-07-18 2009-01-21 Ian Kerrigan Automatic Sheet Counting System for Corrugated Cardboard
JP2013239105A (en) * 2012-05-17 2013-11-28 Jfe Steel Corp Device for measuring number of circular cross section long articles in hexagonal bundle
JP2015043124A (en) * 2013-08-26 2015-03-05 Jfeスチール株式会社 Steel pipe number counter and steel pipe number counting method

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