JP2004314499A - Wood chip treatment device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an apparatus which does not need fire-resisting construction and can form carbide in at least a part of wood chips in a short time by relatively little energy. <P>SOLUTION: The wood chip treatment apparatus 31 is composed of an acid solution-impregnation apparatus 14 for making the wood ships 39 impregnated with an organic acid solution 36, a microwave radiation device 16 for irradiating the wood chips 39a impregnated with the organic acid solution 36 with microwaves, etc. The wood chips 39a impregnated with the organic acid solution 36 by passing through the acid solution-impregnation apparatus 14 are supplied to the microwave radiation device 16 by a charging conveyer 15, irradiated with the microwaves from a microwave generator 41, and heated in the device 16. In this way, carbide is formed in the surface parts of the wood chips, and the wood chips 39b with a black coal color are obtained. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a processing device for forming a carbide on at least a part of a wood chip.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Waste wood and forest thinnings generated in the demolition work of wooden buildings are incinerated at specified disposal sites, or are finely crushed wood chips and reused as auxiliary agricultural materials such as soil improvement materials. Or However, woody materials such as waste wood and thinned wood contain components that are not easily decomposed in the soil, such as lignin and cellulose. Since it takes a long time to become an effective nutrient, it is poor in effectiveness and fast-acting.
[0003]
Therefore, in order to convert such wood chips into charcoal having a fine porous structure suitable for the growth of soil microorganisms and rich in minerals, a technique for carbonizing the wood chips has been developed ( For example, see Patent Document 1.)
[0004]
On the other hand, a device utilizing microwaves has been developed as a device for drying wood in a short time (for example, see Patent Document 2).
[0005]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-2002-114983 (pages 3-4, FIG. 3)
[Patent Document 2]
JP-A-11-2489 (page 3-5, FIG. 2)
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The continuous carbonization furnace described in Patent Literature 1 is excellent in that it can continuously carbonize wood chips and the like, but heats and heats the wood chips to a high temperature using a burner. Therefore, it is necessary to make the device a fire-resistant structure, and the equipment becomes large. Also, a large amount of energy such as gas is required to heat the wood chips, and strict measures must be taken to prevent large amounts of exhaust heat and smoke generated during operation from adversely affecting the surroundings. is there.
[0007]
On the other hand, the wood drying apparatus described in Patent Literature 2 can dry wood in a relatively short time by using microwaves. Irradiation only increases the temperature and does not carbonize.
[0008]
An object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus which does not require a refractory structure and can form carbide on at least a part of a wood chip in a short time with relatively little energy.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The wood chip processing apparatus of the present invention includes an acid solution impregnating means for impregnating the wood chips with the organic acid solution, and a microwave irradiating means for irradiating the wood chips impregnated with the organic acid solution with microwaves for heating. And characterized in that: With this configuration, the organic acid is carbonized by heating the wood chip in the state of being impregnated with the organic acid solution by the acid liquid impregnating means by microwave irradiation, and thus at least a part of the wood chip. Can form carbides. Further, by irradiating the wood chips impregnated with the organic acid solution with microwaves, carbides can be formed in a short time with relatively little energy. Furthermore, since a combustion mechanism such as a gas burner is not used, there is no need to provide a fireproof structure, and the size of the apparatus can be relatively easily reduced.
[0010]
Here, as the acid solution impregnating means, it is desirable to provide an acid solution tank containing an organic acid solution and an immersion device for immersing and lifting the wood chips in the organic acid solution in the acid solution tank. With such a configuration, not only can the entire wood chip be uniformly impregnated with the organic acid solution without providing a complicated solution spraying mechanism, etc., but also the organic acid solution can be introduced into the atmosphere. Scattering can also be suppressed. In this case, if the dipping device is provided with a mechanism for dipping and lifting the organic chip solution in the acid solution tank while moving the wood chips using a conveyor means such as a belt conveyor, the impregnation process of the organic acid solution can be continuously performed. Since the treatment can be performed, the efficiency of the acid liquid impregnation operation can be increased.
[0011]
Further, it is desirable to provide a drying means for drying the wood chips before impregnation with the organic acid solution. If such a drying means is provided, the wood chips which have been sufficiently dried will be immersed in the organic acid solution in the acid solution impregnating means, so that the permeability of the organic acid solution to the wood chips is reduced. As a result, the entire wood chip can be impregnated with the organic acid solution, so that the acid solution impregnation operation can be performed more efficiently.
[0012]
On the other hand, it is desirable to use an acidic aqueous solution containing a plant-derived acidic component as the organic acid solution. Such an acidic aqueous solution is also easily adapted to wood chips, which is a plant-derived material, so that it can easily penetrate and settle, and can form carbide in a relatively short time. If the pH of the acidic aqueous solution is greater than 3, the carbide-forming effect is reduced. If the pH is less than 2, the carbide-forming effect is increased, but the acid-resistant function of an acid solution tank or the like must be enhanced. Since the handling of the solution becomes difficult, the pH is preferably about 2 to 3.
[0013]
Further, the heating temperature of the wood chips by the microwave irradiation means is desirably 160 ° C. to 250 ° C. With such a heating temperature, a carbide can be formed in at least a part of the wood chip impregnated with the organic acid solution in a short time, so that the processing time can be further shortened. In addition, since the treatment is performed at a temperature lower than the ignition temperature of wood (about 260 ° C.), it is possible to suppress the generation of smoke and carbon dioxide during the treatment and prevent the generation of dioxins.
[0014]
In this case, it is desirable that the rate of temperature rise of the wood chips is about 150 ° C./min to about 170 ° C./min. In particular, when the temperature is 160 ° C./min, the evaporation of the organic acid solution impregnated into the wood chips is suppressed. The carbides can be formed in a very short time while performing.
[0015]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
FIG. 1 is a plan view showing a waste wood treatment facility including a wood chip treatment apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a side view showing the waste wood treatment facility with a part thereof omitted. FIG. 4 is a partially cutaway side view showing the vicinity of an acid liquid impregnating device constituting the waste wood treatment facility, and FIG. 4 is a partially cutaway side view showing the vicinity of a microwave irradiation device constituting the waste wood treatment facility.
[0016]
The waste wood treatment equipment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 has the ability to produce black charcoal-colored wood chips with carbides formed at least on the surface from waste wood and thinned wood generated in the demolition of wooden buildings. The wood chip processing apparatus 31 of the present embodiment is incorporated in a part of the waste wood processing equipment.
[0017]
When the column-shaped or log-shaped waste wood carried in from the outside is put into the chipper shredder 1, it is finely crushed into wood chips, sent to the cyclone 2, and has a specific gravity of 1 attached to the waste wood in the cyclone 2. The above-described contaminants such as metals and wood chips are separated, and the wood chips are put into the chip hopper 3 and temporarily stored therein.
[0018]
The wood chips stored in the chip hopper 3 are discharged from the discharge port at the lower end of the chip hopper 3 onto the transfer conveyor 4, horizontally transferred to the bucket conveyor 28 by the transfer conveyor 4, and then transferred vertically upward by the bucket conveyor 28. And into a trommel (rotary cylindrical sieve) 6. In the trommel 6, wood chips having a length of about 1 mm to 10 mm fall onto the transfer conveyor 10, and wood chips having a larger size are discharged onto the return chip conveyor 7.
[0019]
The large-sized wood chips discharged onto the return chip conveyor 7 are fed into the return chip shredder 30 by the return chip conveyor 7 and finely crushed again, and then pass through the return chip conveyor 5 and the bucket elevator 29. It is put into the chip hopper 3.
[0020]
The wood chips that have fallen onto the transfer conveyor 10 are horizontally transferred by the transfer conveyor 10, and the magnet conveyor 8 arranged in the middle thereof removes steel parts such as nails and screws mixed in the wood chips, After the other metal parts are detected by the metal detector 9, the metal parts are discharged onto the metal discharging conveyor 12 by the metal discharging device 11.
[0021]
The wood chips from which the metal parts have been removed are put into the bucket elevator 13 from the end of the transfer conveyor 10, transferred vertically upward by the bucket elevator 13, then put into the acid liquid impregnating device 14, and pass therethrough. As a result, the wood chips impregnated with the organic acid solution are discharged onto the charging conveyor 15. The detailed structure and function of the acid liquid impregnating device 14 will be described later.
[0022]
The wood chips discharged onto the charging conveyor 15 are charged into the microwave irradiating device 16 while being impregnated with the organic acid solution, and are irradiated with microwaves when passing through the device, so that the entire surface thereof has a predetermined thickness. It is discharged as a charcoal-colored wood chip having a carbonized layer formed thereon on the delivery conveyor 17. The detailed structure, function, and the like of the microwave irradiation device 16 will be described later.
[0023]
The black charcoal-colored wood chips discharged onto the delivery conveyor 17 are transported vertically upward by the bucket conveyor 18 and then charged into the product hopper 20, where they are temporarily stored. The black charcoal-colored wood chips stored in the product hopper 20 are discharged onto the flexible conveyor-packed conveyor 19 or the pay-out conveyor 21, and the black charcoal-colored wood chips discharged onto the pay-out conveyor 21 are sent to the pay-out conveyor 22, and the pay-out conveyor 22. At 22, it is charged into a weighing and packaging machine 23, where it is filled into a 20 liter capacity polyvinyl chloride packaging bag, sealed by a sealing mechanism built in the weighing and packaging machine 23, and then discharged out of the machine.
[0024]
The black charcoal-colored wood chips sealed in the packaging bag in the weighing and packaging machine 23 are sent to the bag-sizing machine 25 by the drive roller conveyor 24, where the packaging shape is adjusted so that the wood chips filled in the packaging bag are not biased. Are transferred to the next step by the station conveyor 26. The bag sizing process by the bag sizing machine 21 makes it easier for the robot palletizer 27 arranged in the next process to receive the packaging bag containing the black charcoal-colored wood chips and avoids collapse of the load when the packaging bags are stacked. It is provided in order to.
[0025]
The packaging bags containing the black charcoal-colored wood chips whose shape has been adjusted by the bag arranging machine 25 are sequentially transferred to the robot palletizer 27 by the station conveyor 26, where they are stacked on a pallet in a 10-stage stack of 6 bags. Stacked up.
[0026]
By using the waste wood treatment equipment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 as described above, a black charcoal-colored wood chip useful as an auxiliary material for agriculture can be obtained from waste wood or thinned wood, which had been conventionally difficult to dispose of. Can be.
[0027]
Next, with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4, the structure and function of the wood chip processing apparatus 31 constituting the waste wood processing equipment will be described in detail. The wood chip processing device 31 includes an acid solution impregnating device 14 as shown in FIG. 3 and a microwave irradiation device 16 as shown in FIG.
[0028]
The acid solution impregnating device 14 shown in FIG. 3 includes an acid solution tank 33 provided at the bottom in a box-shaped casing 32, transfer conveyors 34 a and 34 b arranged in two stages above and below the acid solution tank 33, It is constituted by a plurality of microwave generators 35 arranged on the ceiling part. An organic acid solution 36 is accommodated in the acid solution tank 33, and a central portion 37b in the transfer direction of the transfer conveyor 37 is disposed so as to be immersed in the organic acid solution 36, and a predetermined distance above the central portion 37b. An anti-floating conveyor 38 is disposed in parallel with the organic acid solution.
[0029]
The wood chips 39 from which the metal parts have been removed and transferred by the transfer conveyor 10 are transferred vertically upward by the bucket elevator 13, then put into the hopper 14 a, and fall onto the transfer conveyor 34 a in the acid solution impregnating device 14. After being transferred to the right side of the drawing by the transfer conveyor 34a, it is dropped on the lower transfer conveyor 34b, transferred to the left side of the drawing by the transfer conveyor 34b, and then dropped on the start portion 37a of the transfer conveyor 37. Since microwaves are emitted from the microwave generator 35 to the wood chips 39 being transferred by the transfer conveyors 34a and 34b, the wood chips 39 are sufficiently dried to be on the starting portion 37a of the transfer conveyor 37. To fall.
[0030]
The wood chips 39 dropped on the transfer conveyor 37a are transferred to the right side of the drawing, and immersed in the organic acid solution 36 in the acid solution tank 33 while being sandwiched by the central portion 37b of the transfer conveyor 37 and the floating prevention conveyor 38, After moving to the right in the drawing, it is lifted and discharged by the wood chip 39a transfer conveyor 37c impregnated with the organic acid solution 36 onto the charging conveyor 15 arranged outside the acid solution impregnating device 14. You. Since the transfer conveyor 37 and the floating prevention conveyor 38 are made of a stainless steel band, the impregnation of the wood chips 39 with the organic acid solution 36 is not hindered.
[0031]
The wood chips 39a impregnated with the organic acid solution 36 by passing through the acid solution impregnating device 14 are put into the hopper 16a of the microwave irradiation device 16 shown in FIG.
[0032]
As shown in FIG. 4, the microwave irradiation device 16 includes a plurality of microwave generators 41 arranged on a ceiling portion in a box-shaped casing 40, and transfer conveyors 42 a, which are arranged below the microwave generators 41 in upper and lower stages. An inclined guide member 43 is disposed below the end of the transfer conveyor 42b.
[0033]
The wood chips 39a thrown into the hopper 16a by the feeding conveyor 15 fall onto the transfer conveyor 42a in the microwave irradiation device 16, and are transferred to the right side in the drawing by the transfer conveyor 42a, and then on the lower transfer conveyor 42b. After being dropped and transferred to the left side of the drawing by the transfer conveyor 42b, it falls on the guide member 43, slides down on it, and falls on the payout conveyor 17.
[0034]
The microwave is radiated from the microwave generator 41 to the wood chips 39a transferred by the transfer conveyors 42a and 42b in the microwave irradiation device 16 and heated, so that carbides are formed on the surface portion and the like. Therefore, a black charcoal wood chip 39b is formed. The black charcoal-colored wood chips 39b discharged from the microwave generator 16 are put into the bucket conveyor 18 by the delivery conveyor 17, and are shipped as products through the above-described steps.
[0035]
As described above, in the wood chip treating apparatus 31 of the present embodiment, since the microwave is irradiated to the wood chip 39a impregnated with the organic acid solution 36, carbide can be formed in a short time with relatively little energy. Since a combustion mechanism such as a gas burner is not used, there is no need to provide a fireproof structure, and the size of the apparatus can be relatively easily reduced.
[0036]
Further, as an acid solution impregnating means, an acid solution tank 33 containing an organic acid solution 36, a transfer conveyor 37 for dipping and lifting the wood chips 39 in the organic acid solution 34 in the acid solution tank 33, and a floating prevention conveyor 38 Since the acid solution impregnating device 14 is provided, the entire wood chip 39 can be evenly and uniformly impregnated with the organic acid solution 36 without providing a complicated solution spraying mechanism. Scattering of the acid solution can also be suppressed. In this case, a mechanism is provided to immerse and lift the wood chips 39 in the organic acid solution 36 in the acid solution tank 33 while moving the wood chips 39 by using a transfer means including a transfer conveyor 37 and a floating prevention conveyor 38, and the like. Since the impregnation step is performed continuously, the acid liquid impregnation operation can be performed more efficiently.
[0037]
Further, since the microwave irradiator 35 is provided as a drying unit for drying the wood chips 39 before impregnation with the organic acid solution 36, the sufficiently dried wood chips 39 are immersed in the organic acid solution 36. It will be. For this reason, the permeability of the organic acid solution to the wood chips 39 is improved, the entire wood chips 39 can be impregnated with the organic acid solution 36, and the acid solution impregnation operation can be further performed more efficiently.
[0038]
Furthermore, since an acidic aqueous solution containing a plant-derived acidic component and having a pH of about 2.8 is used as the organic acid solution 36, it is easy to penetrate and settle into wood chips, which are also plant-derived materials, and to remove carbides in a relatively short time. Can be formed.
[0039]
Further, since the heating temperature of the wood chip 39a in the electromagnetic wave irradiation device 16 is 160 ° C. to 250 ° C., carbide can be formed in at least a part of the wood chip 39a impregnated with the organic acid solution 36 in a short time, and The time could be further reduced. In this case, when the temperature rising rate of the wood chips 39a was 160 ° C./min, the carbides could be formed in an extremely short time.
[0040]
Since the black charcoal-colored wood chip 39b thus formed contains an acidic component, if it is mixed into the soil of farmland, the organic matter can be neutralized while neutralizing the alkalinized soil in recent organic cultivation. The effect of replenishment is exhibited, and the humus rate and CEC (base substitution capacity) can be improved. In addition, since the wood chips 39b have the carbonized layer, the growth of white rot fungi that propagates in the carbonized portion is promoted, and the decomposition of lignin in the wood chips is promoted. The absorption of agricultural products into plants is accelerated, and a growth promoting effect is obtained, which can also contribute to environmental conservation of farmland used for many years.
[0041]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, the following effects can be obtained.
[0042]
(1) By providing an acid solution impregnating means for impregnating a wood chip with an organic acid solution, and an electromagnetic wave generating means for heating a wood chip impregnated with an organic acid solution by irradiating a microwave. A refractory structure is not required, and carbide can be formed on at least a part of the wood chip in a short time with relatively little energy.
[0043]
(2) As the acid solution impregnating means, a complicated solution is provided by providing an acid solution tank containing an organic acid solution and an immersion device for immersing and lifting the wood chips in the organic acid solution in the acid solution tank. Without providing a spraying mechanism or the like, the entire wood chip can be evenly and uniformly impregnated with the organic acid solution, and the scattering of the organic acid solution into the atmosphere can be suppressed.
[0044]
(3) By providing a drying means for drying the wood chips before impregnating the organic acid solution, the permeability of the organic acid solution to the wood chips is improved, and the entire wood chips are impregnated with the organic acid solution. And the efficiency of the acid solution impregnation operation can be further improved.
[0045]
(4) By using an acidic aqueous solution containing a plant-derived acidic component as the organic acid solution, it is easy to penetrate and fix wood chips, and a carbide can be formed in a relatively short time.
[0046]
(5) By setting the heating temperature of the wood chips by the electromagnetic wave irradiating means to 160 ° C. to 250 ° C., the processing time can be further reduced, and the generation of smoke and carbon dioxide during the processing can be suppressed, and dioxin can be prevented. The occurrence of species can also be prevented.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a plan view showing waste wood processing equipment including a wood chip processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a side view showing a part of the waste wood processing equipment shown in FIG.
FIG. 3 is a partially cutaway side view showing the vicinity of an acid solution tank and an immersion device constituting the waste wood treatment equipment shown in FIG.
FIG. 4 is a partially cutaway side view showing the vicinity of a microwave irradiation device included in the waste wood treatment equipment shown in FIG.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Chipper shredder 2 Cyclone 3 Chip hopper 4 Transfer conveyor 5, 7 Return chip conveyor 6 Trommel 8 Magnet conveyor 9 Metal detector 10, 34a, 34b, 37, 42a, 42b Transfer conveyor 11 Metal dispensing device 12 Metal dispensing conveyors 13, 18, 29 Bucket elevator 14 Acid liquid impregnating device 15 Input conveyor 16 Microwave irradiation device 17, 21, 22 Discharge conveyor 19 Conveyor 20 Product hopper 23 Measuring and packaging machine 24 Drive roller conveyor 25 Bag sizing machine 26 Station conveyor 27 Robot palletizer 28 Bucket conveyor Reference Signs List 30 return chip shredder 31 wood chip processing device 32, 40 casing 33 acid solution tank 35, 41 microwave generator 36 organic acid solution 38 anti-floating conveyor 39, 39a, 39b wood chip 43 Ido member

Claims (5)

An acid solution impregnating means for impregnating the wood chip with the organic acid solution, and a microwave irradiating means for heating the wood chip impregnated with the organic acid solution by irradiating a microwave. Wood chip processing equipment. The wood chip according to claim 1, wherein the acid solution impregnating means includes an acid solution tank containing an organic acid solution, and an immersion device for immersing and lifting the wood chip in the organic acid solution in the acid solution tank. Processing equipment. The wood chip treating apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a drying unit for drying the wood chips before the impregnation with the organic acid solution. The wood chip treating apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein an acidic aqueous solution containing a plant-derived acidic component is used as the organic acid solution. The wood chip processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a heating temperature of the wood chip by the microwave irradiation means is 160C to 250C.

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