JP2004306185A - Tool take-out device and tool take-out method in machine tool - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a machine tool capable of preventing machining chips and a coolant from splashing on a tool take-out member, and facilitating replacement operation of tools. <P>SOLUTION: A tool take-out chamber 20 is demarcated and formed by a partition wall inside a cover 18 covering the whole machine tool. The partition wall 19 is provided with a first opening part 21 for opening the tool take-out chamber 20 to a machining chamber 22 in the cover 18. In the tool take-out chamber, the tool take-out member 23 for detaching a tool 15 mounted on a spindle 14 from the spindle 14 to be replaced with a new tool 15 when the former tool is not suitable for use due to its life or the like is disposed to be projected and recessed from the first opening part 21 toward the machining room 22. The first opening part 21 is provided with a first opening and closing door 36 opened and closed interlocking with the projecting and recessing operation of the tool take-out member 23. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a tool removal apparatus and a tool removal method for a machine tool, in which when a tool mounted on a spindle becomes unsuitable for use due to, for example, its life, the tool can be removed from the spindle and replaced with a new tool. It is about.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As a conventional machine tool of this type, for example, a machine tool having a configuration disclosed in Patent Document 1 has been proposed. In this conventional configuration, an arm portion is provided in a cover that covers a processing chamber of a machine tool so as to be swingable between a tool discharge position close to the inside of a side surface of the cover and a tool attaching / detaching position corresponding to a main spindle. ing. When the tool mounted on the main spindle is replaced, the old tool is extracted from the main spindle and held by the tool grip of the arm while the arm is swung to the tool attaching / detaching position. Swung to the discharge position. In this state, the operator opens the window of the cover, and replaces the old tool on the tool grip with the new tool from the window. Thereafter, the arm portion is swung from the tool discharging position to the tool attaching / detaching position, and the new tool gripped by the tool gripping portion is mounted on the spindle.
[0003]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-334635
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in this conventional machine tool, the arm portion is provided in the cover, and is exposed to the processing environment while the workpiece is being processed by the spindle. For this reason, there has been a problem that machining debris and coolant generated at the time of machining the work adhere to the arm portion, and there is a problem that it is likely to hinder tool replacement work by the arm portion.
[0005]
In addition, when taking out a tool, it is required to perform the work easily and safely.
In order to cope with these problems, for example, a tool take-out chamber for accommodating the arm portion is formed in the cover, and the arm portion protrudes and retracts from the opening formed in the partition of the tool take-out chamber toward the processing chamber. It is also conceivable to make it swing. However, even with such a configuration, when replacing the tool mounted on the spindle, apart from swinging the arm, it is necessary to open and close the opening / closing door that covers the opening of the partition wall, so that the work is troublesome. A new problem has arisen.
[0006]
The present invention has been made by paying attention to the problems existing in such a conventional technique. Its purpose is to prevent machining chips and coolant from being applied to the tool take-out member during machining of the workpiece, and to make it easy and safe to change tools in a short time, and to have a simple configuration. To provide simple machine tools.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, an invention according to claim 1 is a machine tool provided with a cover for covering a processing chamber in which a workpiece is machined by a tool on a main spindle. A chamber is formed and a first opening is provided in the partition wall for communicating the tool take-out chamber and the processing chamber, and a tool take-out member having a tool grip at its upper end is provided in the tool take-out chamber. A first opening / closing door which is movably disposed between the tool unloading chamber and the processing chamber via the first opening, and which opens and closes in the first opening in conjunction with the movement of the tool unloading member; The cover is provided with a second opening for taking out a tool from the tool removal chamber, and a second opening / closing door capable of opening and closing the second opening is provided. It is a feature.
[0008]
Therefore, according to the first aspect of the present invention, during the processing of the work, the tool take-out member is housed and arranged in the tool take-out chamber, and the opening / closing door is arranged at a position to close the opening. Therefore, it is possible to reliably prevent the processing chips and the coolant generated during the processing from being applied to the tool extracting member. Further, at the time of taking out the tool, the operator can easily take out the tool only by opening the second opening / closing door in a safe state. Furthermore, when the tool mounted on the spindle is replaced, the movement of the tool removal member between the tool removal chamber and the processing chamber is performed in conjunction with the opening / closing operation of the opening / closing door, so that the tool replacement work can be performed in a short time. It can be carried out.
[0009]
According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the present invention, the first opening / closing door is fixed to a tool take-out member.
Therefore, according to the second aspect of the present invention, the mechanism for opening and closing the first opening / closing door and the mechanism for rotating the tool take-out member can be used together, so that the configuration is simple and the size can be reduced.
[0010]
According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the first or second aspect of the present invention, a lock mechanism for locking the second door in a closed state is provided, and the lock mechanism is provided on condition that the machine tool is stopped. A control device for releasing the lock is provided.
[0011]
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the first or second aspect, a lock mechanism for locking the second door in a closed state is provided, and the first opening is provided by the first door. And a control device for releasing the lock of the lock mechanism on condition that the is closed.
[0012]
According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the machine tool according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, when a tool removal command is issued by a control device of the machine tool, the spindle tool is transferred to a tool holding portion of a tool removal member in the machining chamber. After the main shaft moves away from the tool take-out member, the tool take-out member takes out the tool into the tool take-out chamber through the opening.
[0013]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
As shown in FIG. 1, a column 12 is provided on a base 11 of a machine tool 50 having a processing chamber 22 on the front side so as to be movable in the front-rear direction and the left-right direction by a driving device (not shown). The spindle head 13 is supported so as to be movable in the vertical direction. A spindle 14 is rotatably supported by the spindle head 13, and a tool 15 such as a drill is detachably attached to the tip of the spindle 14. Then, in a state where the main shaft 14 is arranged corresponding to a work on a table (not shown) in the processing chamber 22, the main shaft 14 is moved toward the work while being rotated, and a tool 15 is used to pierce the work. Predetermined processing is performed.
[0014]
A frame 16 stands on the base 11 so as to straddle the column 12. Above the main shaft 14, a tool magazine 17 is supported on the frame 16 so as to be rotatable about a horizontal axis, and a plurality of tool grippers 17a for gripping the tool 15 are provided on the outer periphery thereof at a predetermined pitch. I have. The tool magazine 17 is indexed and rotated while the main spindle 14 is moved to the uppermost tool change position P1a within the vertical and horizontal movement range R indicated by a chain line in FIG. 17a corresponds to the main shaft 14. Next, the tool 15 is gripped by the empty tool gripping portion 17a by moving the main shaft 14 in the front-back direction along its own axis. Next, the tool magazine 17 is indexed and rotated, and corresponds to the tool gripper 17 a having the selected tool 15. Then, the tool 15 is transferred from the tool holding portion 17a to the main shaft 14 by moving the main shaft 14 in the front-rear direction along its own axis. In this manner, the tool 15 is detachably exchanged between the main shaft 14 and the tool holding portion 17a.
[0015]
As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, a cover 18 is attached to the outside of the frame 16, and the cover 18 covers the entire machine tool 50 including the processing chamber 22. A partition wall 19 is provided at a predetermined interval inside one side of the cover 18, and a tool take-out chamber 20 is defined inside the cover 18 by the partition wall 19. A first opening 21 is formed in the partition wall 19, and the tool take-out chamber 20 and the processing chamber 22 in the cover 18 communicate with each other through the first opening 21.
[0016]
In the tool take-out chamber 20, a tool take-out member 23 is provided on the base 11 so as to be rotatable in a vertical plane via a bracket 24 and a rotating shaft 25, and a tip (upper end) of the tool take-out member 23 is provided. Is provided with a tool gripper 26 for gripping the tool 15. The tool holding portion 26 includes a pair of openable and closable tool holding claws 26 a, and is normally urged by a spring 27 in a direction to hold the tool 15. A release lever 28 protrudes from one of the tool gripping claws 26a. With the release lever 28, the tool gripping claw 26a can be released from the gripping state of the tool 15 against the urging force of the spring 27. It has become.
[0017]
A tool detection sensor 29 composed of a proximity sensor or the like is provided at the tip of the tool take-out member 23 in correspondence with the tool gripper 26. Then, when the tool 15 is gripped between the tool gripping claws 26a of the tool gripping portion 26, a detection signal is output from the tool detection sensor 29 to the control device 41 shown in FIG.
[0018]
A rotation cylinder 30 is provided on the bracket 24, and a piston rod 30 a thereof is connected to a rotation shaft 25 via a connection fitting 31 and a rotation lever 32. When the rotation cylinder 30 projects or is housed, the rotation shaft 25 is rotated via the connection fitting 31 and the rotation lever 32. Thereby, as shown by a solid line and a chain line in FIG. 2, the tool take-out member 23 projects from the tool change position P2a in the tool take-out chamber 20 and the first opening 21 of the partition wall 19 to the working chamber 22 side. It is rotatable between the receiving position P2b.
[0019]
The bracket 24 is provided with position detection sensors 33 and 34 including a pair of proximity sensors and the like at predetermined intervals in the vertical direction. A dog 35 is provided on the outer surface of the connection fitting 31 so as to correspond to the position detection sensors 33 and 34. When the tool take-out member 23 is rotated by the rotation cylinder 30 between the tool change position P2a and the tool receiving position P2b, the dog 35 corresponds to one of the position detection sensors 33 and 34, and A detection signal is output from the position detection sensors 33 and 34 to the control device 41. The control device 41 determines the position of the tool take-out member 23, whether the first opening 21 is closed by the first opening / closing door 36, and the like, based on signals from the position detection sensors 33 and 34.
[0020]
An operation signal is input to the control device 41 from an operation panel 44 operated by an operator. The control device 41 outputs a switching signal to a solenoid 42 for switching the flow of the working fluid supplied to the rotation cylinder 30. When a predetermined key on the operation panel 44 is operated, the solenoid 42 is switched to supply working fluid to either the rod side or the piston side of the rotation cylinder 30, and the piston of the rotation cylinder 30 The rod is protruded or retracted, and the tool take-out member 23 is rotated.
[0021]
A first opening / closing door 36 is fixed to the inner surface of the tool take-out member 23 via a mounting plate 37 so as to be rotatable integrally with the first opening 21 of the partition wall 19 so as to be able to open and close. . Then, as shown by a solid line and a chain line in FIG. 2, when the tool take-out member 23 is rotated between the tool change position P2a and the tool receiving position P2b, the first opening / closing door 36 is interlocked with the first position. The opening 21 is pivotally disposed between a position where the opening 21 is closed and a position where the opening 21 is opened.
[0022]
A second opening 38 is formed on one side surface of the cover 18, and a second opening / closing door 39 is attached to the second opening 38 so as to be able to open and close. Then, in a state where the tool take-out member 23 is pivotally arranged at the tool change position P2a, the second opening / closing door 39 is opened by the operator, and the old opening on the tool gripping portion 26 is moved from the second opening 38. The tool 15 can be replaced with a new tool 15.
[0023]
As shown in FIG. 2, a lock mechanism 40 is provided on the second opening / closing door 39 so that the second opening / closing door 39 is locked in the closed position by the lock mechanism 40 during the machining operation of the machine tool. Has become. That is, as shown in FIG. 4, the control device 41 outputs a switching signal to a solenoid 43 for performing a lock operation and a lock release operation of the lock mechanism 40. When the tool 15 mounted on the main shaft 14 is replaced, the tool 15 is gripped by the tool gripper 26 by the detection signals from the detection sensors 29, 33, and 34, and the tool removal member 23 is replaced with the tool. The state of the pivotal arrangement at the position P2a is confirmed. Based on this confirmation, after all operations of the machine tool 50 are stopped by the control device 41, the lock mechanism 40 is released. Thereby, the opening operation of the second opening / closing door 39 by the operator is allowed. Therefore, the lock mechanism 40 is in a state where the tool take-out member 23 is pivotally disposed at the tool change position P2a, that is, a state where the first opening 21 is closed by the first opening / closing door 36, and Unlocked on condition of stop.
[0024]
Next, the operation of the machine tool configured as described above will be described.
During the machining operation of the machine tool, as shown by a solid line in FIGS. 1 and 2, the tool take-out member 23 is pivotally disposed at the tool change position P2a in the tool take-out chamber 20, and the first opening / closing operation is performed. The door 36 is disposed at a position that closes the first opening 21. Therefore, even if machining of the workpiece is performed in this state and machining chips and coolant are generated in the machining chamber 22, there is no possibility that the machining chips and coolant will be applied to the tool extracting member 23 in the tool extracting chamber 20.
[0025]
Then, when the tool 15 mounted on the main shaft 14 becomes unsuitable for use due to a service life, breakage, or the like in accordance with the machining operation, the control device 41 outputs a signal for instructing replacement of the tool 15. That is, when the use time or the number of uses of the tool 15 reaches a predetermined value set in advance, or when the breakage state of the tool 15 is detected by a breakage detection device (not shown), an instruction signal from the control device 41 is used. A message instructing the replacement of the tool 15 is displayed on the display device not to be used.
[0026]
Then, based on the display of this message, when the operator instructs the replacement operation of the tool 15 by operating the keys on the operation panel 44, a tool removal command is output from the control device 41, and the spindle 14 is moved to FIG. The tool is moved to the tool delivery position P1b within the movement range R indicated by the chain line. At the same time, the rotation cylinder 30 is housed, and the tool take-out member 23 is rotated clockwise from the tool change position P2a indicated by a solid line in FIGS. As a result, the first opening / closing door 36 is rotated to a position where the first opening 21 is opened as shown by a chain line in the same figure, and the tool take-out member 23 is moved through the first opening 21. Are rotatably arranged at a tool receiving position P2b protruding toward the processing chamber 22 side. Then, in this state, the spindle 14 is moved closer to the tool gripper 26 of the tool take-out member 23, and is moved in a direction away from the tool gripper 26 along its own axis. The old tool 15 is delivered to 26.
[0027]
After that, after the main shaft 14 moves away from the tool holding portion 26, the turning cylinder 30 is protruded, and the tool extracting member 23 is turned counterclockwise from the tool receiving position P2b. Thereby, as shown by the solid line in FIGS. 1 and 2, the tool take-out member 23 is pivotally disposed at the tool change position P2a in the tool take-out chamber 20 and the old tool 15 held by the tool holding portion 26 is held. Is disposed near the inside of the second opening 38 of the cover 18. At the same time, the first opening / closing door 36 is pivotally disposed at a position where the first opening 21 is closed, and the first opening 21 is closed. On the other hand, the operation of the machine tool 50 is stopped, and the lock mechanism 40 of the second door 39 is released. Therefore, in this state, the operator can open the second opening / closing door 39 and easily and safely replace the old tool 15 on the tool holding portion 26 with the new tool 15 from the second opening 38.
[0028]
After the replacement of the tool 15, the second opening / closing door 39 is closed. Next, based on a key operation on the operation panel 44 by the operator, the lock mechanism 40 is locked (locked), and the rotating cylinder 30 is operated. By the operation of the rotation cylinder 30, the first door 36 is opened and rotated, and the tool take-out member 23 is turned from the tool change position P2a in the tool take-out chamber 20 to the tool receiving position P2b in the machining chamber 22. Be moved. Then, in this state, the spindle 14 is moved closer to the tool gripper 26, is relatively moved in the front-rear direction along its own axis, and the new tool 15 is delivered from the tool gripper 26 to the spindle 14. Then, the tool take-out member 23 is returned from the tool receiving position P2b in the processing chamber 22 to the tool change position P2a in the tool take-out chamber 20 by the projecting operation of the rotating cylinder 30, and the first opening / closing door is opened. 36 is rotated to a position where the first opening 21 is closed, and the replacement operation of the tool 15 is completed.
[0029]
Therefore, according to this embodiment, the following effects can be obtained.
(1) In this machine tool, a tool take-out chamber 20 is defined by a partition wall 19 inside a cover 18 covering the entire machine tool. The partition wall 19 is provided with a first opening 21 for opening the tool removal chamber 20 to a processing chamber 22 in the cover 18. In the tool take-out chamber 20, a tool take-out member 23 for replacing the tool 15 mounted on the spindle 14 with a new tool 15 is provided between the tool take-out chamber 20 and the processing chamber 22 through the first opening 21. It is arranged movably. A first opening / closing door 36 is provided in the first opening 21 so as to open and close in conjunction with the movement of the tool take-out member 23.
[0030]
For this reason, during the processing of the workpiece, the tool take-out member 23 is accommodated and arranged in the tool take-out chamber 20 and the first opening / closing door 36 is arranged at a position where the first opening 21 is closed. Therefore, it is possible to reliably prevent the processing chips and the coolant generated during the processing from being applied to the tool extracting member 23. For this reason, when the operator replaces the old and new tools 15 on the tool take-out member 23, it is possible to prevent the replacement work from being hindered by machining chips, coolant, and the like. At the time of taking out the tool, the operator can easily take out the tool simply by opening the second opening / closing door 39 in a safe state.
[0031]
(2) In this machine tool, the tool take-out member 23 is rotatably disposed in the tool take-out chamber 20, and the first opening / closing door 36 is fixed to the tool take-out member 23. Therefore, the structure is simple, and when the tool 15 mounted on the main shaft 14 is replaced, the operation of the tool take-out member 23 protruding and retracting into the processing chamber 22 and the operation of opening and closing the first opening / closing door 36 are reliably linked. Can be done. Therefore, when the tool 15 is replaced, there is no need to open and close the first opening / closing door 36 in addition to the operation of the tool extracting member 23. Therefore, a drive mechanism for opening and closing the first opening / closing door 36 is not required, and the configuration is simplified, and the tool take-out member 23 and the first opening / closing door 36 can be simultaneously rotated, so that the tool 15 The time required for replacement can be shortened.
[0032]
(Example of change)
This embodiment can be embodied with the following changes.
In the embodiment, the first opening / closing door 36 is rotatably attached to the first opening 21 of the partition wall 19 without fixing the first opening / closing door 36 to the tool take-out member 23, and the interlocking member is associated with the rotation of the tool take-out member 23. The first opening / closing door 36 is configured to be opened / closed via the like.
[0033]
In the above embodiment, a tool change arm is provided between the tool magazine 17 and the main shaft 14, and the tool 15 is changed via the tool change arm.
[0034]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, in the embodiment, in the present invention, it is possible to prevent machining dust and coolant from being applied to the tool take-out member during machining of the workpiece. Further, the configuration for replacing the tool can be simplified, the time required for the replacement can be reduced, and the tool can be easily and safely replaced.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a machine tool according to an embodiment.
FIG. 2 is an enlarged partial cross-sectional view showing a part of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a partial sectional view taken along line 3-3 in FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing an electrical configuration of the embodiment.
[Explanation of symbols]
14 ... spindle, 15 ... tool, 17 ... tool magazine, 17a ... tool gripping part, 18 ... cover, 19 ... partition wall, 20 ... tool removal chamber, 21 ... first opening, 22 ... machining chamber, 23 ... tool removal Member, 25: rotating shaft, 26: tool gripping part, 30: rotating cylinder, 36: first opening / closing door, 38: second opening, 39: second opening / closing door, 40: locking mechanism, 41 ... Control device, 50 ... Machine tool, P2a ... Tool change position, P2b ... Tool receiving position.

Claims (5)

In a machine tool provided with a cover for covering a processing chamber in which a workpiece is processed by a tool on a main spindle, a partition for forming a tool extraction chamber is formed inside the cover, and the partition has a tool extraction chamber and the processing chamber. A first opening communicating with the tool extraction chamber, and a tool extraction member having a tool grip at an upper end is moved between the tool extraction chamber and the processing chamber through the first opening in the tool extraction chamber. A first opening / closing door is provided at the first opening so as to be opened / closed in conjunction with the movement of the tool take-out member. A tool take-out device for a machine tool, comprising a second opening for taking out, and a second opening / closing door capable of opening / closing the second opening. The tool take-out device for a machine tool according to claim 1, wherein the first opening / closing door is fixed to a tool take-out member. The lock mechanism for locking the second opening / closing door in a closed state is provided, and a control device is provided for releasing the lock of the lock mechanism on condition that the machine tool is stopped. A tool take-out device in the machine tool described in the above. A lock mechanism for locking the second door in a closed state; and a control device for unlocking the lock mechanism on condition that the first opening is closed by the first door. The tool take-out device for a machine tool according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: In the machine tool according to any one of claims 1 to 4, when a tool removal command is issued by the control device of the machine tool, the spindle tool is delivered to the tool gripping portion of the tool removal member in the processing chamber, and after the main shaft has moved away from the tool removal member. A tool takeout member for taking out a tool through the opening into a tool takeout chamber.

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