JP2004298905A - Laser beam marking method - Google Patents

Laser beam marking method Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004298905A
JP2004298905A JP2003093121A JP2003093121A JP2004298905A JP 2004298905 A JP2004298905 A JP 2004298905A JP 2003093121 A JP2003093121 A JP 2003093121A JP 2003093121 A JP2003093121 A JP 2003093121A JP 2004298905 A JP2004298905 A JP 2004298905A
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Japan
Prior art keywords
marking
laser
curved surface
image
laser beam
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Pending
Application number
JP2003093121A
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Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Takayuki Matsui
貴幸 松井
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Hitachi Ltd
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Hitachi Ltd
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hitachi Ltd filed Critical Hitachi Ltd
Priority to JP2003093121A priority Critical patent/JP2004298905A/en
Publication of JP2004298905A publication Critical patent/JP2004298905A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for applying a laser beam marking to a curving surface at a low cost, in the laser beam marking to a blank having the curving surface. <P>SOLUTION: Marking control information is obtained from marking figure data corresponding to the curving shape of a marking objective material and a focus point of the laser beam is adjusted to the intermediate point of the heights at the longest position and at the shortest position in the working distance between a laser beam marking device and the marking objective material, and the laser beam marking is applied. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明はレーザマーキング制御技術に関し、曲面を有する素材に対する曲面へのレーザマーキング技術等に適用して有益な技術に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来の局面へのレーザマーキング技術は、たとえば特許文献1に開示されているように、レーザ発振器とマーキング対象物とのワーキングディスタンスを一定に保った状態でこれらを相対的に移動させ、レーザ発振器から照射されるレーザ光によりマーキング対象物にマーキングを行うマーキング装置を用いた技術である。
【0003】
【特許文献1】
特開平2000−263255号公報
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
上記従来技術では、マーキングをおこなう素材とレーザーマーカの距離が一定になるように、素材を移動させるのもであり、高価な駆動式位置決め機構を備えたレーザーマーキング装置が必要だった。
【0005】
本発明は上記問題を解決するために考案したものであり、従来からある平面用のレーザーマーキング装置を利用して低価格に曲面へのレーザマーキングをおこなえレーザマーキング方法を提供することを目的とする。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記目的を達成するために、本発明では、レーザマーキング装置の被写界深度の範囲に、マーキングをおこなう素材を深さ方向を分割し、分割した立体面ごとにレーザマーキングをおこなうようにする。このとき、レーザマーキングは被写界深度の中点に焦点距離を定め、分割した立体面ごとにマーキングをおこなうようにする。異なる分割部のマーキングをおこなう時には、素材とレーザマーカーの距離が前記焦点距離になるように、素材のレーザー照射方向の取り付け高さを調整する。
【0007】
さらに、上記分割した素材の立体面に対して、レーザ照射長が画像のマーキング長になるようにマーキング制御情報を生成し、この情報に基いてマーキングをおこなうようにする。このときの制御情報は、平面方向の素材の移動速度を変えてもよいし、レーザ照射エネルギー量を制御してもよい。これにより、曲面に沿って画像をマーキングすることができる。
【0008】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の実施例について図面を参照して説明する。
レーザマーキング対象物2について、形状に曲面を有しており、尚且つレーザ光の入射角度によりマーキング対象物2がレーザ光を反射する事の少ない樹脂系の素材で出来た、円筒のABSパイプを真ん中から割った物を使用してレーザマーキングを実施する。
【0009】
まず、ABSパイプをレーザマーキング用ワーク台10に固定する。パイプの表面にレーザマーカ装置7を用いてマーキングを行うために、Zゲージ台11を用いて、パイプの表面にレーザ焦点を合わせる。図3に具体的な理論を説明する。
【0010】
図3は、レーザマーカ装置7でマーキング対象物2の曲面にレーザ光5を照射する際の、レーザ焦点距離Lと、マーキングエリアに対する高さの有効範囲Zaを表す図である。レーザマーカ装置7とマーキング対象物2とのワーキングディスタンスの最長箇所9にレーザ焦点を合わせると最短個所付近8が、最短箇所8にレーザ焦点を合わせると最長個所付近9が、レーザ焦点個所にかかるレーザパルスのパワーよりも弱いパワーでレーザマーキングされるのでマーキング面が薄くなり、マーキング面全体はグラデーションをかけたような感じになる。そのためにマーキング面のグラデーション効果を緩和あるいは打ち消すために、レーザマーカ装置7とマーキング対象物2とのワーキングディスタンスの最長箇所9と最短箇所8の高さの中間点±0.5%にレーザ焦点距離Lを合わせる。レーザマーカ装置自体のレーザ焦点距離L及びマーキング精度の許容範囲Zにより、マーキング対象物2に対するマーキング可能なエリアの高さ幅Zaの有効範囲が広狭する。例えば、「レーザ焦点距離Lから±5mmの範囲内であれば、レーザ焦点合わせ時と同等のマーキング精度が得られる」レーザマーカ装置であれば、レーザ焦点距離±5mm考えてマーキング精度の許容範囲Zが10mmになり、マーキング可能なエリアの高さ幅Zaは10mm以内と見ることができる。
【0011】
つぎに、従来のマーキング画像4をパイプの曲面に合わせるために、パソコンを用いて画像ソフトで編集して、画像データ1をレーザマーカ装置2に出力する。レーザマーカ装置7を用いて、パイプの曲面に、編集後の画像データ1をマーキングする事により、パイプの表面に、編集前のマーキング画像4を張り付けたデザインのマーキング面3bが出来て、これで曲面へのレーザマーキングが終了する。図2、図1にマーキング画像変換の理由と理論を示す。
【0012】
図2は、従来方式時に照射する通常のマーキング画像4(本発明内容をわかりやすくするために、等間隔の縞模様で形成されるマーキング画像を使用する)を、レーザマーカ装置7を使用してマーキング対象物2の曲面にマーキングした場合の図である。マーキング画像4内の縞模様の幅aが、マーキング対象物2の曲面にマーキングされると、レーザパルスの当たった個所の角度θxに応じて、マーキング対象物2の曲面にマーキングされた縞模様の幅axは、 ax=a/cosθx の計算で元のマーキング画像4の縞模様の幅より広がってしまい、マーキング面3a全体の長さやバランスが狂ってしまう。
【0013】
図1は、図2の問題を解決するために画像編集ソフトで編集したマーキング画像1を、レーザマーカ装置7を使用してマーキング対象物2の曲面にマーキングした場合の図である。図1のマーキング画像1は、図2の従来方式のマーキング画像4を、マーキング対象物2の曲面上に貼り付け、レーザ光の照射側から見下ろすイメージに画像編集ソフトを用いて編集したものであり、レーザパルスの当たる個所の角度θxとマーキング対象物2の曲面にマーキングしたい縞模様の幅bに応じて、画像編集の為に得たいマーキング画像の縞模様の幅bxは、 bx=b・cosθx の計算で求まる。このように編集された画像をマーキング対象物2の曲面にマーキングすると、曲面にマーキング画像4を貼り付ける用なイメージで、マーキング面3bが仕上がり、曲面へのレーザマーキングは終了する。
なお、マーキング画像の大きさ・画像の線の細かさ・曲面の角度θの相関により、マーキング面の端のほうが潰れてしまう可能性があるために、画像は簡単なものが好ましい。
【0014】
また、マーキング曲面の半径などに応じたデータのテーブル化を行い、それを元にマーキング画像の編集を行うことで、レーザマーキングを行うことができる。
【0015】
図4にCADソフトを用いたデータテーブル作成の例を示す。
図4は、CADソフトを用いて作成した曲面図12と、それを元に作成した曲面データテーブル13を表す図である。あらかじめ複数のマーキング曲面の半径Rを求め、それを元にCADソフトを利用して曲面図12を作成する。曲面を製図後、実際にマーキング画像を補整する際に、どのくらい細かくマーキング画像を分割するのか、曲面の分割数を決め、実際に曲面の幅を等分割する。この際に、分割したエリア毎にナンバーを振り分けておき、等分割された曲面の幅Wを測定する。曲面の分割エリア毎に寸法Xaを測定して、マーキング画像の分割エリア毎の幅縮小率γを γ=Xa / W の計算で求めて、これらのデータを曲面の半径R毎にテーブル化する。あとは、マーキング対象物の曲面の半径Rから、レーザマーキングを施したいマーキング画像が占有する曲面上の分割エリアNo.の画像分割縮小率γを元に、マーキング画像を補整して、レーザマーキングを施すことが出来る。
【0016】
【発明の効果】
本発明によれば、曲面を有した素材に対し、低コストでレーザマーキングを施すことができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明に基く立体マーキング方法をしめす図である。
【図2】従来技術による立体マーキング方法をしめす図である。
【図3】本発明のレーザマーカ装置で概要図である。
【図4】マーキング制御内容を説明する図である。
【符号の説明】
1…編集後マーキング画像、2…マーキング対象物、3…マーキング面、
4…従来のマーキング画像、5…レーザ光、6…集光レンズ、
7レーザマーカ装置、8ワーキングディスタンス最短点、
9…ワーキングディスタンス最長点、10…ワーク台、11…Zゲージ台、
12…マーキング曲面CADデータ、13…曲面データテーブル
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a laser marking control technique, and more particularly to a technique useful when applied to a laser marking technique on a curved surface of a material having a curved surface.
[0002]
[Prior art]
For example, as disclosed in Patent Document 1, the laser marking technology to the conventional aspect moves the laser oscillator and the marking object relative to each other while keeping the working distance between them constant. This is a technique using a marking device for marking an object to be marked with an irradiated laser beam.
[0003]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2000-263255
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the above prior art, the material is moved so that the distance between the material to be marked and the laser marker is constant, and a laser marking device equipped with an expensive drive type positioning mechanism is required.
[0005]
The present invention has been devised to solve the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a laser marking method by performing laser marking on a curved surface at low cost by using a conventional flat surface laser marking device. .
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, in the present invention, the depth direction of the material to be marked is divided into the range of the depth of field of the laser marking device, and laser marking is performed for each of the divided three-dimensional surfaces. At this time, in the laser marking, a focal length is set at the midpoint of the depth of field, and marking is performed for each divided three-dimensional surface. When marking different divided parts, the mounting height of the material in the laser irradiation direction is adjusted so that the distance between the material and the laser marker becomes the focal length.
[0007]
Furthermore, marking control information is generated on the three-dimensional surface of the divided material so that the laser irradiation length becomes the marking length of the image, and marking is performed based on this information. The control information at this time may change the moving speed of the material in the plane direction or may control the amount of laser irradiation energy. Thereby, an image can be marked along a curved surface.
[0008]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
A cylindrical ABS pipe made of a resin-based material having a curved surface in the shape of the laser marking object 2 and less reflecting the laser light depending on the incident angle of the laser light. Laser marking is carried out using a material divided from the middle.
[0009]
First, the ABS pipe is fixed to the laser marking work table 10. In order to perform marking using the laser marker device 7 on the surface of the pipe, a laser focus is focused on the surface of the pipe using the Z gauge table 11. FIG. 3 illustrates a specific theory.
[0010]
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a laser focal length L and an effective height range Za with respect to a marking area when the laser marker device 7 irradiates the curved surface of the marking object 2 with the laser light 5. When the laser focus is set to the longest part 9 of the working distance between the laser marker device 7 and the marking object 2, the laser pulse applied to the vicinity of the shortest part 8 is applied to the laser focus. Since the laser marking is performed with a weaker power than the above, the marking surface becomes thin, and the entire marking surface feels like gradation. Therefore, in order to alleviate or cancel the gradation effect of the marking surface, the laser focal length L is set to an intermediate point ± 0.5% of the height of the longest portion 9 and the shortest portion 8 of the working distance between the laser marker device 7 and the marking object 2. Adjust. Depending on the laser focal length L of the laser marker device itself and the allowable range Z of the marking accuracy, the effective range of the height width Za of the markable area with respect to the marking object 2 is widened and narrowed. For example, in the case of a laser marker device, if the laser focal length is within a range of ± 5 mm from the laser focal length L, the marking accuracy allowable range Z is considered in consideration of the laser focal length ± 5 mm. It becomes 10 mm, and the height width Za of the markable area can be seen to be within 10 mm.
[0011]
Next, in order to match the conventional marking image 4 with the curved surface of the pipe, it is edited with image software using a personal computer, and the image data 1 is output to the laser marker device 2. By marking the image data 1 after editing on the curved surface of the pipe using the laser marker device 7, a marking surface 3b having a design in which the marking image 4 before editing is pasted on the surface of the pipe is created. The laser marking on is completed. 2 and 1 show the reason and theory of marking image conversion.
[0012]
FIG. 2 shows an example of marking a normal marking image 4 irradiated with the conventional method (using a marking image formed with a striped pattern at equal intervals for easy understanding of the present invention) using a laser marker device 7. It is a figure at the time of marking on the curved surface of the target object 2. FIG. When the width a of the stripe pattern in the marking image 4 is marked on the curved surface of the marking object 2, the stripe pattern marked on the curved surface of the marking object 2 according to the angle θx where the laser pulse hits. The width ax is wider than the width of the stripe pattern of the original marking image 4 in the calculation of ax = a / cos θx, and the entire length and balance of the marking surface 3a are out of order.
[0013]
FIG. 1 is a diagram in a case where a marking image 1 edited with image editing software in order to solve the problem of FIG. 2 is marked on a curved surface of a marking object 2 using a laser marker device 7. The marking image 1 in FIG. 1 is obtained by pasting the marking image 4 of the conventional method in FIG. 2 on the curved surface of the marking object 2 and editing the image looking down from the laser light irradiation side using image editing software. The width bx of the stripe pattern of the marking image to be obtained for image editing is bx = b · cos θx in accordance with the angle θx where the laser pulse hits and the width b of the stripe pattern to be marked on the curved surface of the marking object 2. It is obtained by the calculation of When the image thus edited is marked on the curved surface of the marking object 2, the marking surface 3b is finished with an image for attaching the marking image 4 to the curved surface, and the laser marking on the curved surface is completed.
Since the end of the marking surface may be crushed due to the correlation between the size of the marking image, the fineness of the line of the image, and the angle θ of the curved surface, the image is preferably simple.
[0014]
Further, laser marking can be performed by tabulating data according to the radius of the marking curved surface and editing the marking image based on the data table.
[0015]
FIG. 4 shows an example of creating a data table using CAD software.
FIG. 4 shows a curved surface diagram 12 created using CAD software and a curved surface data table 13 created based on the curved surface diagram. A radius R of a plurality of marking curved surfaces is obtained in advance, and a curved surface diagram 12 is created using CAD software based on the radii. After the curved surface is drawn, when the marking image is actually corrected, the number of divisions of the curved surface is determined to determine how fine the marking image is to be divided, and the width of the curved surface is actually divided equally. At this time, numbers are assigned to each divided area, and the width W of the equally divided curved surface is measured. The dimension Xa is measured for each divided area of the curved surface, the width reduction rate γ for each divided area of the marking image is obtained by calculating γ = Xa / W, and these data are tabulated for each radius R of the curved surface. After that, from the radius R of the curved surface of the marking object, the divided area No. on the curved surface occupied by the marking image to be laser-marked. Based on the image division reduction ratio γ, the marking image can be corrected and laser marking can be performed.
[0016]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, laser marking can be performed on a material having a curved surface at low cost.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 shows a three-dimensional marking method based on the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a three-dimensional marking method according to the prior art.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a laser marker device according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining the contents of marking control.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 ... marking image after editing, 2 ... marking object, 3 ... marking surface,
4 ... Conventional marking image, 5 ... Laser light, 6 ... Condensing lens,
7 laser marker device, 8 working distance shortest point,
9 ... Longest working distance, 10 ... Work table, 11 ... Z gauge table,
12 ... marking curved surface CAD data, 13 ... curved surface data table

Claims (2)

レーザマーカの被写界深度の範囲に立体面を深さ方向に分割するステップと、前記分割された立体面ごとに前記被写界深度の中点の焦点距離でレーザを照射するステップとを有することを特徴とする立体物へのレーザマーキング方法。Dividing a solid surface into a depth direction within a range of the depth of field of the laser marker; and irradiating a laser at a focal point of a midpoint of the depth of field for each of the divided solid surfaces. A laser marking method for a three-dimensional object characterized by the above. 請求項1記載のレーザマーキング方法において、さらに、
前記分割された立体面へのレーザ照射長がマーキング画像長に等しくなるようにマーカー制御情報を生成するステップを有することを特徴とする立体物へのレーザマーキング方法。
The laser marking method according to claim 1, further comprising:
A method of laser marking on a three-dimensional object, comprising the step of generating marker control information so that a laser irradiation length on the divided three-dimensional surface is equal to a marking image length.
JP2003093121A 2003-03-31 2003-03-31 Laser beam marking method Pending JP2004298905A (en)

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