JP2004291233A - Machining center - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To simplify a structure of sliding type opening and closing doors with wheels arranged on an opening part of a splash guard. <P>SOLUTION: A tool is detachably fitted to a tip part of a spindle rotatably supported by a spindle head, and the splash guard is provided so as to enclose a machining range of a machining center that machines a workpiece by performing relative displacement in directions of X-, Y- and Z-axes between the tool and the workpiece fixed to a table. The pair of the sliding type opening and closing doors 23a, 23b with the wheels and a rail 41 for placing the wheels 23c, 23d, 23e and 23f are provided on the opening part of the splash guard. The rail 41 is inclined to an opening direction of each of the sliding type opening and closing doors. In addition, recesses in which part of the wheels in a closing side falls are formed on predetermined parts of the rail 41, such that the height of the wheels in the closing direction when the opening and closing doors close the opening part is equal to the height of the wheels in the other end. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a machining center having a splash guard that surrounds a work area of a work and has a sliding door that can be opened and closed at an opening.

The vertical machining center is rotatably supported with a vertical axis line at the spindle head, and orthogonally intersects X, Y, and Z between a vertical spindle on which a tool is detachably mounted at a distal end thereof and a table for fixing a workpiece. This is a machine tool that processes a workpiece by performing relative movement in three axial directions.
Here, it refers to a movable range in which the relative movement in the X, Y, and Z axis directions can be performed on the workpiece to be processed, and is referred to herein as a processing area.
Conventionally, there are various combinations of feed axes in the X, Y, and Z axes in the machining center.

The typical configuration is the following three examples.
In the first configuration example, a saddle that moves in the X-axis direction is provided on a bed, a table that moves in the Y-axis direction is provided on the saddle, and a spindle head that moves in the Z-axis direction is provided in a column.
In a second configuration example, a table that moves in the X-axis direction is provided at a front portion on the bed, a column that moves in the Y-axis direction is provided at a rear portion on the bed, and a main shaft that moves in the Z-axis direction is provided on the column. It is.
In a third configuration example, a table is fixed to a front portion on a bed, a saddle that moves in the X-axis direction at a rear portion on the bed, a column that moves in the Y-axis direction on the saddle, and a Z-axis is provided on the column. A spindle head that moves in the direction is provided.

  In any case, these vertical machining centers cover the machining area with splash guards and covers to scatter chips and machining fluid around (outer area), guide the machine, feed drive mechanism, and electrical equipment. A configuration is provided to prevent intrusion into the product.

JP-A-11-48083 Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 6-36744

  These guards are usually provided with three covers that extendably cover the X-, Y-, and Z-axis directions and the feed mechanism, a splash guard that covers the front and both sides of the machine, and a state in which the upper part of the spindle head projects from the upper surface of the splash guard. It is composed of a slide-type cover that movably covers the X-axis or the Z-axis, a bottom cover that covers the bottom of the processing area, and the like.

  In the above configuration, the slide-type manual opening / closing door provided at the opening of the splash guard may be inadvertently opened during processing, or closed and pinched by itself during opening and working. There is. This does not guard against flying chips and machining fluid, and may also interfere with the work. In order to prevent this, a configuration has been adopted in which means for stopping the door at the closed position and the open position are provided.

  SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a machining center having a splash guard with good operability and a simple structure, which eliminates inconveniences caused by opening and closing operations of a sliding manual opening / closing door.

In order to achieve the above object, according to the present invention, relative movement in the X, Y, and Z axis directions between a spindle that is rotatably supported by a spindle head and has a tip at which a tool is detachably mounted and a table that fixes a workpiece. In the machining center surrounded by a splash guard having an opening with a sliding door that can be opened and closed around the processing area,
The opening has a rail for carrying a vehicle provided at the front and rear position in the opening and closing direction of the slide door,
The rail is provided on a downward slope in a direction in which the slide door opens,
Forming a recess in the rail where the front wheel of the door as seen in the closing direction falls at the closed position of the sliding door,
The inclination of the rail is formed such that the height position of the front wheel of the door when viewed in the closing direction when the front wheel of the door falls into the recess, and the height position of the rear wheel of the door at that time are equal to each other. A machining center.

  In the present invention, the slide door rail provided at the opening of the splash guard is formed with a downward slope toward the opening direction of the door, so that when the worker opens the slide door for work setup work or the like, the door is opened. Even if no special stopping means is provided, it will not be accidentally closed and caught. In addition, at the closing position of the sliding door, the locking action that the front wheel of the door as viewed in the closing direction falls into the recess of the rail provided so as to be at the same height position as the rear wheel, and that the sliding door is in a horizontal state. Thereby, it is positioned at the closed position without requiring special stopping means.

The fact that the sliding door keeps the horizontal position in the closed position is not only good for appearance, but also because the sealing means applied to the entire circumference of the door keeps the sealing state with the splash guard, It is also very effective in preventing scattering of the working fluid around.
Furthermore, the processing area was surrounded by splash guards and covers, and chips and processing liquid could be reliably dropped onto the bottom cover.

  If the machining liquid tank and chip bucket are arranged in the space below the bed of the machine or can be pulled out to the front, special space for compactness and maintenance is not required, and space can be saved. Can be achieved.

The best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of covers including a splash guard surrounding a processing area of, for example, a vertical machining center according to the present invention, a part of which is indicated by phantom lines. The covers surrounding the processing area keep the environment in good condition, ensure the safety of work, keep the machine in a normal state without infiltrating chips and machining liquid into the moving parts and electrical components of the machine. It is a necessary and indispensable requirement.
In the figure, the front surface, the left and right side surfaces, and the front portion of the upper surface of the processing area for the workpiece are covered with the splash guard 21.
The splash guard 21 is fixedly mounted on the overhang of the bed 1 of the machine.

  At the front opening of the splash guard 21, double-sided sliding doors 23a and 23b are provided. The slide doors 23a and 23b can be opened and closed integrally with the front side and the upper surface, so that the ceiling of the opening is opened, and when setting up work processing on the table 17, a crane can be easily used. Configuration. Further, even when the worker puts his / her upper body into the processing area and performs work, the upper surface of the guard opening is open, so that the working liquid attached to the inside of the splash guard 21 does not drool to the worker.

On the front and rear sides of the table 17, Y-axis covers 25a and 25b each having a mountain-shaped cross section are provided, and the covers 25a and 25b are configured to expand and contract with the front and rear movement (Y-axis direction) of the table 17.
Chips and machining fluid do not enter the Y-axis guide surface of the table 17 and the ball screw / nut mechanism for moving the table due to the angled covers 25a and 25b, and chips and machining fluid placed on the Y-axis covers 25a and 25b are removed. , Flows down to the left and right sides of the chevron cover.
Bottom covers 27a, 27b for receiving the chips and machining liquid flowing down from the covers 25a, 25b and the table 17 to the left and right sides and the chips and machining liquid flowing down from the inner wall surface of the splash guard 21 are provided on the left and right overhanging portions in the front part of the bed 1. ing.

A box-shaped saddle cover 29 that covers the entire upper portion of the saddle 5 including the upper portion of the spindle head 11 is provided on the upper portion of the saddle 5. A Z-axis feed motor 15 provided above the saddle 5 controls the movement of the spindle head 11 in the Z-axis direction.
The saddle cover 29 is nested with a box-shaped spindle head cover 31 that covers the periphery of the spindle head 11. When the spindle head 11 moves in the Z-axis direction, the spindle head cover 31 maintains a small gap. It can move up and down in the saddle cover.

In the above description, what is not yet enclosed is the rear surface and the upper rear portion of the processing area.
In the present embodiment, only the X-axis covers 33a and 33b are provided to simultaneously surround the rear surface and the upper rear portion of the processing area. That is, only the X-axis covers 33a and 33b simultaneously surround the rear surface and the rear upper surface of the processing area.
That is, the X-axis covers 33a and 33b are formed in a telescopic shape that can be extended and contracted in the X-axis direction, and have one left and right ends fixed to the saddle cover 29 and the other ends fixed to the inside of both sides of the splash guard 21. The lower end is movably supported below the X-axis guide surface provided on the column, and is curved upward, serves also as a cover for the rear part of the upper surface of the processing area, and is movably supported on the upper surface of the splash guard 21 at the upper end.
This contributes to reducing the number of components of the covers.

In the figure, a space is provided between the lower part of the front part of the bed 1 and the left and right lower parts of the place where the table 17 is placed, and a space between the floor and the U-shaped machining fluid tank when viewed from above is provided in this gap. 35 are arranged.
Referring to FIG. 2, tip buckets 37a and 37b are further provided to connect between bottom cover 27a and 27b and machining fluid tank 35.
Each of the tip buckets 37a and 37b is provided with a handle so that it can be pulled out to the front, and both sides are guided and supported by the machining fluid tank 35.
The machining fluid tank 35 is provided with wheels 35a, 35a and a handle, so that the machining fluid tank 35 can be pulled out to the front.

  When a vertical machining center is installed in a factory, the operator usually operates while standing in front of the machine, so that the operator stands in a passage having a space, thereby saving space. In addition, maintenance work such as cleaning of the tip buckets 37a and 37b and replacement of the working fluid in the working fluid tank 35 can be performed by pulling out to the front, thereby saving space in this respect. The machining liquid tank 35 and the tip buckets 37a and 37b are just housed in the space between the bed 1 and the floor, and also serve to make the entire machine compact.

Next, the opening and closing mechanism of the slide doors 23a and 23b of the splash guard 21 will be described.
FIG. 2 is a view of the machine as viewed from the front side (in a state where the slide door 23b is open), and the double-sided slide doors 23a and 23b are provided at the opening in the center of the splash guard 21. I understand. The sliding doors 23a and 23b are provided with windows reinforced with a grid-like iron plate so that the inside can be safely viewed from the outside during processing.
Each of the sliding doors 23a and 23b is provided with wheels 23c, 23d and 23e and 23f at intervals on both sides of the lower edge, and by rolling on rails 41 provided at the opening of the splash guard 21. You can slide the door. The upper support of the slide doors 23a and 23b and the seal between the slide doors 23a and 23b and the splash guard 21 are performed by a known method.

The relationship between the wheels 23c, 23d and 23e, 23f of the sliding doors 23a, 23b and the rail 41 of the opening of the splash guard 21 will be described in detail with reference to FIG.
The wheel rolling surface on the rail 41 is formed in a mountain shape having a gentle slope on the left and right with the center of the opening of the splash guard 21, that is, the center of the rail 41 as a watershed.
That is, the rail 41 is formed to be inclined downward along the opening direction of each of the doors 23a and 23b.
Therefore, the sliding doors 23a and 23b are urged to always open by their own weight.
This is because when the worker opens the slide doors 23a and 23b to perform work setup work, the slide doors 23a and 23b are inadvertently closed without being caught, even if no special stopping means is provided. This is something that has been considered.

On the other hand, when the sliding doors 23a and 23b are in the closed state, the rails 41 are formed with depressions 41a and 41b into which the front wheels 23c and 23e of the door as viewed in the respective closing directions fall.
Also, the rails 41c and 23e and the rear wheels 23d and 23f when the front vehicles 23c and 23e fall into the recesses 41a and 41b formed on the rails 41, respectively, have the same height position. (See H in FIG. 1). Alternatively, the depth of the bottom surface of the recesses 41a and 41b is given.
Therefore, when the sliding doors 23a, 23b are in the closed state, the front wheels 23c, 23e fall into the recesses 41a, 41b of the rail 41, and serve as a stopping means for stopping the movement of the sliding doors 23a, 23b. The doors 23a and 23b are placed in a horizontal state to improve the appearance, and the sealing means of each part between the door and the splash guard 21 can maintain a good sealed state.

In the closed state, the front wheels 23c, 23e fall into the recesses 41a, 41b of the rail 41, which oppose the respective opening direction biases acting on the slide doors 23a, 23b. Does not open on its own due to vibration during processing. When the sliding door is manually opened, a slight force is required to roll up the front vehicles 23c, 23e from the recesses 41a, 41b. However, this does not require as much power as a challenge.
With this configuration of the sliding door, the effect of ensuring safety was achieved without providing any special stopping means for the door. In the present embodiment, the case where the wheels and the rails are provided at the lower portion of the slide door is described. However, the same operation and effect can be obtained when a configuration is provided in which the carriage and the rail are provided at the upper portion and the slide door is suspended. .

In the present embodiment, the extension covers provided with the splash guard or surrounding the machining area of the machine have been described with respect to the vertical machining center. In view of this, it is apparent to those skilled in the art that the splash guard can be applied regardless of the type of machine, and has the same operation and effect in the case of a horizontal machining center, for example.
In addition, although the double-sided sliding door has been described as an example, the same effect can be obtained in the case of a single-sided sliding door.

It is a principle view of the locking mechanism of opening and closing of the slide door of the splash guard showing the embodiment of the present invention. It is a front view of the vertical machining center provided with the splash guard of the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a splash guard and covers surrounding a processing area of the vertical machining center according to the embodiment of the present invention.

Explanation of reference numerals

1 Bed 3 Column 5 Saddle 11 Spindle head 15 Z-axis feed motor 17 Table 21 Splash guard 23a, 23b Slide door 23c, 23d, 23e, 23f Wheel 25a, 25b Y-axis cover 27a, 27b Bottom cover 29 Saddle cover 31 Spindle head cover 33a, 33b X-axis cover 35 Working fluid tank 35a Wheels 37a, 37b Tip bucket 41 Rail 41a, 41b Indent

Claims (1)

The workpiece is machined by performing relative movement in the X, Y, and Z-axis directions between a spindle that is rotatably supported on the spindle head and a table on which the tool is detachably mounted at a tip end and a table that fixes the workpiece. In a machining center surrounded by a splash guard having an opening with a sliding door that can be opened and closed around,
The opening has a rail for carrying a vehicle provided at the front and rear position in the opening and closing direction of the slide door,
The rail is provided on a downward slope in a direction in which the slide door opens,
Forming a recess in the rail where the front wheel of the door as seen in the closing direction falls at the closed position of the sliding door,
The inclination of the rail is formed such that the height position when the front wheel of the door falls into the recess as viewed in the closing direction is equal to the height position of the rear wheel of the door at that time. A unique machining center.

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