JP2004286005A - Floating type wave force power-generating device serving as wave absorbing device - Google Patents

Floating type wave force power-generating device serving as wave absorbing device Download PDF

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JP2004286005A
JP2004286005A JP2003124554A JP2003124554A JP2004286005A JP 2004286005 A JP2004286005 A JP 2004286005A JP 2003124554 A JP2003124554 A JP 2003124554A JP 2003124554 A JP2003124554 A JP 2003124554A JP 2004286005 A JP2004286005 A JP 2004286005A
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hydraulic
arm
wave
floating
motor
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Takeshi Endo
剛 遠藤
Shigeru Taniguchi
茂 谷口
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/30Energy from the sea, e.g. using wave energy or salinity gradient

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a floating type wave force power-generating device serving as a wave absorbing device which can be easily installed, is inexpensive comparatively, can convert both vertical wave and traveling wave into energy, has high efficiency, has a wave absorbing effect by installing the device, and can come in practice shortly. <P>SOLUTION: A shaft (13) at the end of an arm (6) is connected to the shaft of a swinging motor (17) for hydraulic pressure set on a floating body, generated hydraulic energy is sent to a hydraulic motor (26), rotation is increased by a speed increasing mechanism (27), a flywheel (29) is rotated through a one-way clutch (28), and an air turbine (30) and a generator (31) are attached coaxially. The device is so designed that the air turbine and hydraulic motor are operated coaxially. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

【0001】〔産業上の利用分野〕この発明は波力発電に係わり、波力の進行波、上下波の何方をもエネルギーに変換する消波装置を兼ねる浮遊式波力発電装置と波力発電用のハイブリットタービンシステムに関するものである。
【0002】〔従来の技術〕従来の波力発電に関する技術に関しては、国内外で数々の発明が成されて来ているが、第一は数十年も前から波の上下運動を利用する振動水柱形(OWC)と呼ばれる空気室によってもたらされる圧縮空気流と負圧空気流を、ウエールズタービンを中心とする空気タービンにより回転運動に替えて発電するものが主流となっている。この方式は保守の面では優れているが空気タービンの効率が低いのが難点で、しかも上下波だけの利用であった。
【0003】第二は、これも数十年も前から国内の国立大学において研究されて来ている進行波(前後運動)を利用した水流形の振り子式と呼ばれる構造のもので、振り子板が進行波に押され、後壁からの反射波で前後に運動することを利用し、板の軸の部分に油圧のピストン又は揺動モーターを設置し、そこで発生する油圧のエネルギーを配管を通して油圧モーターに送りその回転を増速して発電機を回すものである。この方式は、保守、施設費はともかく比較的エネルギー効率は高いといわているが、進行波と反射波の利用だけに止まっている。
【0004】その他、おれ曲げ運動を利用したコッカレルのいかだ式とか受圧面形と呼ばれる海水の圧力を利用する特殊な物もある。基本的には波の上下動や進行波と呼ばれる打ち寄せる波の力を利用するものが一般的なものであるが、コストの面などから今現在商業ベースにのる実用化されたものはない。又、波の上下波と進行波を一つの装置で吸収できる装置も存在しなかった。
環境問題などの面からクリーンでなんらの害も予測されない自然エネルギーとして期待されている波力発電は、先人らの努力により色々な発明や設計図面などが見かけられてはいるが、何れにせよ、コストを下げ、効率を高めて商業上採算が合う様にならなければ実験の域を出ることができないのが現状である。
【0005】〔発明が解決しようとする課題〕本発明は、そのような現状を打開すべく、設置しやすく、コストも比較的安価で、しかも上下波、進行波の何方もエネルギー変換することで効率も高く、これを設置することで消波の効果も出る実用化に最も近い波力装置をつくるのが課題であった。
【0006】〔課題を解決するための手段〕そのために、本発明者らは既に一次変換装置からもたらされる圧縮空気流と負圧空気流の何方もエネルギー変換できる二次変換装置としての波力タービンを、大きく分けると二種類発明し、試作実験を行い成功をおさめている。波力タービンについては、無弁式については、特願平10−297545、特願平11−74304、特願平11−343756、弁箱式については特願2001−252141等に詳細に述べてある。一部旭川工業高等専門学校において効率試験も済み、特に低速域での効率の高さを実証していただいた。本発明の空気タービンを使用する形式の浮体(請求項1)は、波の上下動を利用する振動水柱形として、浮室のついた空気室を持つ浮体(1)で固定装置(16)の支柱(9)から伸びるアーム(6)の先端の固定軸(13)によって海の中に係留されるものである。
【0007】以上の浮体の上に、、アームの先端の固定軸を浮体に設置されている油圧用の揺動モーター(17)の軸に連結、又は同軸とし、浮体が揺れることにより発生する油圧のエネルギーを油圧モーター(26)に送り、増速機構(27)で回転を上げ一方向クラッチ(28)を通じてフライホイール(29)を回す。フライホイールの同軸上には先程述べた、本発明者らが発明してきた無弁式の波力用の空気タービン(30)と発電機(31)が取り付けてある。油圧の回路についてはチェック弁(22)が複数必要で、揺動モーターの油タンク(25)からの油の吸引、油圧モーターへの圧力油の送りを制御し、常に油圧モーターの入り口に圧力油がまわる様な設計にしてある(図9に油圧回路と空気タービンの配置を示す)。リリース弁とかアキュムレータ(24)など個別の油圧の技術も場合により必要になるが既存の技術なので省略する。以上の空気タービンと油圧モーターを同軸上で働かせることで課題解決の基本的手段とする。油圧の回路は図8、図9に示す。(請求項1。図1は岩礁に設置した場合の斜視図。図3、4は進行波、反射波による作動を示す図。図5は浮室と空気室の構造を示す断面図)
【0008】請求項2の空気室を持たない、アームの先端の固定軸によって係留される全体として浮室の浮体(41)の場合は、アームの先端の固定軸を浮体に設置してある揺動モーターに連結し、アームの付け根の固定軸(8)を支柱の先端に設置してある揺動モーター(17)に連結、又は同軸とする。浮体が、上下、前後に揺さぶられる事により固定軸が揺動モーターを駆動して得られる圧力油を配管路を通して、別個に設けた機械室の中の油圧機構である油圧モーターに送り増速機構で回転を高め、一方向クラッチを通してフライホイールを回す。フライホイールが同軸上の発電機を回しつづける。別々の箇所に設置された揺動モーターが、上下波、進行波の性質の違う運動を吸収する。やはり何方か一方だけのエネルギーだけを対象としていたものより高いエネルギー変換効率を見込むことができる。(請求項2)図2は、防波堤(18)に設置された浮遊式波力発電装置の斜視図である。又、油圧の回路は図10に示した。位相をかえた油圧モーターを発電機の両サイドに取り付ける方式にしてあるが、配管路をまとめたりして色々な設計が可能である。
【0009】固定装置(16)については、アームの重量が全て浮体にかかるのを防ぐ為に支柱の上のアーム取り付け部(4)を中心にしてアームの反対側に重り(7)を設けてバランスをとることにした。又、支柱カバー(10)の中に支柱を入れてアームの方向をかえることができるようにした。更に、アームと支柱を伸び縮みできる構造とした。(請求項3)(請求項7〕
【0010】請求項1の空気室付きの浮体(1)の場合は、防波堤等の壁面に設置する場合には、壁面にレール(20)を取り付けてスライドする固定装置のアーム(19)で係留する事もできる。(請求項4、図6)この場合に固定装置のアームの重量が浮体に掛かりすぎるときは、レールの上に横向き、又は縦向きに滑車となるプーリーをつけて、ワイヤーなどで反対側に重りを付けてぶら下げることで調節すればよい。その過程の中で一定以上の高波に対処する為に、一定以上で止まってしまうようにしたほうが良いのは請求項8と同じ事である。
【0011】本発明の請求項1の波の上下動を利用する空気室付き浮体で空気タービンを使用する方式と波の進行波を利用する振り子式で油圧システムを使用する方式を一つの装置で行なう為に、油タンクや一個以上の揺動モータ(17)と複数のチエック弁(22)を有し、リリース弁やアキュムレータ(24)なども必要に応じて用いた油圧機構で油圧モーター回し、増速機構を一方向クラッチに連結してフライホイールを回し、同軸上の空気タービン、発電機を一軸(43)として作動させる構造を持つ浮遊式波力発電用のハイブリットタービンシステムそのものも今回の発明である。(請求項5。図7に機械室のイメジーを示す正面図を示した)
【0012】現在までは、浮遊式にあっては空気タービンを使用し、海底から係留されるブイ式が代表的であったので、固定装置の支柱から伸びた一本以上のアームの先端の軸によって支えられる請求項1、2の浮遊式にして油圧装置のついた一次変換装置そのものも今回の発明である。(請求項6)
【0013】台風や津波、不意の高波などで装置が破壊される事を避ける為に、請求項3、4のアームの付いた固定装置には、アームの角度が一定以上の高さになると、アームに付けたバー(39)がバネの付いたフック(40)で止まる事により固定されてしまう浮遊式波力発電装置の固定装置も開発した。(請求項8)更に、請求項2の場合上下波の吸収は、アームの付け根の支柱の先端に設置された油圧機器の揺動モーターであり、揺動モーター付き固定装置としての発明である。単なる浮体とこの装置単独だけでも上下波動は吸収できる。(請求項9)
【0014】〔作用〕本発明は以上述べてきたように、波の上下流を利用する浮体式のOWC振動水柱形一次変換装置を、固定装置から伸びたアームの先端の固定軸(13)により係留することにより、空気室から発生する圧縮空気流と負圧空気流を空気室(14)と配管(32)で結んだ空気タービン(30)で回転にかえるのと、アームの先端の固定軸を浮体部分に設置してある揺動モーターに連結又は直接軸とすることで発する圧力油を油圧モーターに送り回転にかえ増速して発電機を回すというのを同軸上で行い、波のエネルギーである上下波動と進行波動の両方を一つの一次変換装置で総合的に吸収することができる。
【0015】請求項1の浮遊式浮体付きの空気室において発生する空気流について説明すれば、波の上昇時、浮体も一緒に持ち上がり、頂点に達するとき浮体は慣性で上に上がろうとしているのに波は下がりはじめる。その際、空気室内に負圧が発生し大気が空気室に吸引される。逆に、波が下がると、同時に浮体も下降し、最下点に達するとき、浮体は慣性で下降を続けようとするのに波は上昇を開始はじめる。その際、空気室内に圧縮流が発生し空気室から吹き出される。その、圧縮、負圧空気流を何方も一方向回転管するタービンを通してエネルギー変換するのである。
【0016】油圧装置の働きについて説明すれば、固定部分から伸びたアームの先端の固定軸を浮体に設置した油圧の揺動モーターの軸に連結してあるので、浮体が進行波に押されたり、反射波で押し戻されたりして前後に揺れると、その全体に掛かる力は係留してある軸一点に集約され、アームの軸が固定してある揺動モーターの軸として左右に揺動する(図3、図4参照)。その際揺動モーターから発生する圧力油をチェック弁で制御して常に油圧モーターの入り口に行くように管路を設計してあるので、何方に揺れても一定方向にモーターを回す(図8、図9参照。尚、増速機構やフライホイールは省略)。チェック弁は揺動モーター一個あたり4個あれば、二個は油圧モーターに送る方に向けて、もう二個は油タンクから揺動モーターに向ける方向に設置すれば制御することができる。
【0017】請求項1型では、以上述べて来た作用が絶え間なく起こり、上下波は、空気室から空気タービンで回転に変換され、進行波は、揺動モーターで油圧回路で油圧モーターに送られて回転に変換され、それぞれ発電機を回すエネルギーとして吸収される。以上のように本装置は、消波装置でもあり、見方をかえると消波の余祿に電気が生まれるということにもなる。
【0018】請求項2型では、空気室の無い単なる全体が浮室構造(41)のものに、アームと固定軸と油圧の揺動モーターの関係だけは請求項1と同じにし、アームの付け根の固定軸(8)を、支柱の先端に設置された揺動モーターにも連結又は同軸とし、それぞれの配管路で圧油を別個に設置した機械室に送り、チェック弁で制御して何方も油圧モーターの入り口に一定に入れて回転に変換して発電機を回す。油圧の回路は図10に示してあるが、これは位相をかえた油圧モーターを発電機の両側に配置した形式に設計してある。回路の設計は色々設計が可能である。この形式において上下波はアームの付け根に作用するので、その部分の揺動モーターで吸収される。進行波は浮体とアームの先端の固定軸に作用して浮体を前後に揺らし、その部分に取り付けた揺動モーターで吸収される。(図2。図3、4も参照)消波の効果は請求項1と同じ事である。
【0019】固定装置についてまとめて述べると、支柱やアームが伸び縮みするのは現場に置いて設置する際に高低や水平面において柔軟に対応できるようにする為であり、支柱を中心にアームの反対側に重りをつけるのは、アームの重量がかかって浮体の浮力を越えて沈み込むことのないようにバランスをとるためである。又、支柱カバーの中で支柱が回転できるようにしたのは、方向において柔軟に対処できる様にしたもので、更に設置や故障や保守の際に海側から陸側に回し、陸や浅瀬で安全に作業する為にも役立つ。その際、アームをジャッキなどで持ち上げて高波用のアームについているバーと支柱のフックで上に固定するとよい。反対にアームを下に降ろす際は、ジャッキ等でアームを持ち上げて、フックをはずしジャッキを少しづつ降ろせば良い。何れの伸縮、回転装置も、位置が決まれば、ボルトなどで固定するものである。尚、取り付ける現場が決まっていて、支柱やアームの長さを初めから計測出来る場合は、伸縮や回転の機能は必要で無く経済面からも固定式でよい。支柱カバーを第一段の支柱として使用して、中に支柱を入れれば二段式になり、二段式の支柱を入れれば三段式の支柱になる。
【0020】請求項4のレールのスライド式の固定部分は、波の上下動、潮の満ち引きに対応できる様にしたものである。上下動は固定した装置で吸収したほうが効率が高いと思われるが、潮の満ち引きまで考慮すると装置が大きくなりすぎて莫大な経費が掛かるので浮遊式とした。レールでスライドさせる事で潮の満ち引きの問題は解消された。請求項1などのアーム式の場合に支柱のアーム取り付け部(4)のアームの付け根に固定軸を設置してアームが上下に動かせるのも全く同じ理由である。又、近年色々計画されているウオーターフロント等に取り付ける場合は、潮の満ち引きは関係ないので、フロントの縁に直接固定して取り付けることができる。
【0021】〔実施例〕本発明における油圧のエネルギー吸収装置としては、揺動モーターということで書き示してきたが、揺れに対して伸び縮みする油圧シリンダーを二本代用する事でも同様の効果を発揮することができる。進行波の揺れを利用する振り子式として長年研究されてきた当初は、油圧シリンダーが用いられていた様であるが、設置や作動の面で揺動モーターを使用するように進化し、実績もあるのでここでも揺動モーターということにしたのである。
【0022】請求項1の機械装置装置について述べると、発電機を中央に設置し左右に空気タービン、フライホイールと油圧システムと配置しても同じことである。又、浮体の両サイドのアームの固定軸に揺動モーターをそれぞれ設置し配管を合流させて圧油を油圧モーターに送っても良い。本発明者らは、気圧の差で作動するシンプルな弁箱で相反する空気流を一方向に送ることの出来る空気整流装置も発明していて、これによれば反動、衝動等の軸流タービンや遠心式タービン等あらゆるタービンが使用できる。又、他にもいろいろな形式の波力タービンが開発されているので、こちらを使用する場合は、油圧系と空気タービン系にわけて発電機を設置し、発生電気を合流させるということで同様に波力を吸収できる。
【0023】請求項2の浮体の場合、特に浮室部分を制作する必要が無く、全体が浮体であるので設計的に制約がなく、図2、図10に示す様に進行波を受けやすいようにへこませる設計も有効である。請求項1においても、2においても浮室部分は空気を閉じ込めることで制作できるが、万一の浸水に備えて発泡ウレタンのようなものを充填しておくと、穴が開いても水が入らないので沈むことはない。制作にあたっては、骨材の上に耐塩性の金属板を張るとか、FRP、フエロセメントなどで、予算に制約があれば鉄板に耐塩性の塗料を塗っても制作しうる。
【0024】固定装置については、基礎と支柱カバーと支柱とその先の軸で繋がれるアーム部分に別れる。基礎(11)部分は、設置する場所に応じて、岩礁(15)の上に鉄筋入りのコンクリートで制作したり(図1)、防波堤(18)の上に設置(図6)したり、海の中にヒューム管(33)等を立てて(図5)、中に比重の重い金属片や砂利、コンクリート等(38)を流しこんで制作できる。その基礎に支柱カバーにフランジ(35)を付けてボルト(12)等で取り付けることになるが、基礎を制作途中に支柱カバーを差し込んでコンクリートで固めてしまうことも可能だ。又、アームや支柱の伸縮、支柱が支柱カバーの中で回転する所は、予算が有れば、全て別個に設置した油圧装置の油圧アクチュエーターで作動させることもできる。
【0025】アーム部分について述べれば、通常は浮体の両サイドに一本づつの二本のアームで係留することになるが、支柱を回転させるのは支柱が二本あると困難なので、図1に示したように支柱一本から一本のアームが伸び、途中で二本に分けて(5)浮体の両サイドに回すという方式にしている。回転できるメリットは先に述べたが、基礎が一つで済むことと、伸縮式の支柱とアームが一本づつで済むという利点が更にある。アームに付いているバーを支柱のフックで引っかけて上に吊り上げる方法は、バーの部分を多段式のギヤーにして、一定の高さから段々に最も高く持ち上げられた時の位置で止まるようにすることもできる。装置が高波で大きく上下に叩きつけられて破壊される事を防止できる。
【0026】〔発明の効果〕本発明は、一つの装置で波の上下動と進行波の両方をマルチにエネルギー変換して電気を生み出すものなので、過去無かったエネルギーの変換効率を期待できると共に海の波を静めて様々な海域の利用を可能にする消波の効能もある。大規模な投資も必要無い。更に、既存の防波堤や岩礁などを利用して設置するのもアームや支柱の伸縮、回転などで自在で簡便にしてあり、大量生産やコスト面でも優れる。浮遊式にすることで、満潮、干潮の潮の差の問題も無く、予期せぬ大波から装置を保護する問題も解決できた。現場仕事の部分もあるが、工業生産に向くものなので、波力発電の実用化を押し進める貴重な発明になろうかと思う。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明、請求項1を岩礁を利用して設置した所の斜視図である。
【図2】本発明、請求項2を防波堤から設置した所の斜視図である。
【図3】本発明、請求項1の反射波による浮体の作動を示す図である。
【図4】本発明、請求項1の進行波による浮体の作動を示す図である。
【図5】本発明、請求項1の基礎と浮室と空気室の構造を示す断面図である。
【図6】本発明、請求項4の浮体がレールに沿って作動する断面図である。
【図7】本発明、請求項1の機械室の中を示す正面図である。
【図8】本発明、請求項1の油圧機構の管路と空気タービンの位置を示す図。
【図9】本発明、請求項1の油圧機構を簡略化した場合の図である。
【図10】本発明、請求項2の浮体と油圧回路を示す図である。
【符号の説明】
(1)は浮遊式の空気室付き浮体 (2)は浮室 (3)は機械室 (4)はアーム取り付け部 (5)二つに割れたアームの先 (6)は伸縮式のアーム
(7)は重り (8)はアームの付け根の固定軸 (9)は伸縮式の支柱
(10)は支柱カバー (11)は基礎 (12)はボルト (13)はアームの先端の固定軸 (14)は空気室 (15)は岩礁 (16)は全体として固定装置 (17)は揺動モーター (18)は防波堤 (19)はスライド式固定装置のアーム (20)はレール (21)はアーム支持棒 (22)はチェック弁 (23)は油圧の配管 (24)はアキュムレータ (25)は油タンク (26)は油圧モーター (27)は増速機構 (28)は一方向クラッチ (29)はフライホイール (30)は空気タービン (31)は発電機 (32)は空気室からの配管 (33)はヒューム管の基礎 (34)は空気出入り口 (35)はフランジ (36)はもどり管路 (37)はポンプ吸込み管 (38)は金属片、砂利、セメント等 (39)はアームのバー
(40)はバネ付きのフック (42)は揺れ方向 (43)はタービンの軸
(44)はモーターの台 (45)は発電機の台 (46)は支柱の揺動モーター取り付け台 (47)は波
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to wave power generation, and a floating wave power generation device and a wave power generation device which also serve as a wave canceling device for converting any of a traveling wave and a vertical wave of wave power into energy. The present invention relates to a hybrid turbine system.
[Prior Art] With respect to the conventional technology related to wave power generation, various inventions have been made in Japan and abroad. First, vibrations utilizing vertical motion of waves have been used for decades. The mainstream is to generate electric power by converting a compressed air flow and a negative pressure air flow provided by an air chamber called a water column type (OWC) into a rotary motion by an air turbine centered on a Welsh turbine. This method is excellent in terms of maintenance, but is disadvantageous in that the efficiency of the air turbine is low, and furthermore, only the vertical waves are used.
The second is a structure called a water-flow type pendulum using a traveling wave (back and forth motion), which has been studied at national universities in Japan for several decades. Utilizing the fact that it is pushed by the traveling wave and moves back and forth with the reflected wave from the rear wall, a hydraulic piston or rocking motor is installed on the plate axis part, and the hydraulic energy generated there is transferred to the hydraulic motor through piping. To increase the rotation and turn the generator. This method is said to have relatively high energy efficiency despite maintenance and facility costs, but only uses traveling waves and reflected waves.
[0004] In addition, there is a special type that utilizes the pressure of seawater called a raft type of a cockerel utilizing a bending motion and a pressure receiving surface type. Basically, it is general to use the force of a wave which is called a vertical wave or a traveling wave which is called a traveling wave, but there is no commercialized one which is commercially available at present because of cost. Further, there is no device capable of absorbing the up-down wave and the traveling wave of the wave with one device.
Wave power generation, which is expected to be natural energy that is expected to be clean and does not cause any harm from environmental issues, has various inventions and design drawings due to the efforts of its predecessors, but anyway. At present, it is necessary to reduce costs, increase efficiency, and achieve commercial viability before you can leave the field of experimentation.
[0005] In order to overcome such a situation, the present invention is easy to install, relatively inexpensive, and uses energy conversion for both vertical and forward waves. The task was to create a wave power device that is the most efficient and has the efficiency of wave extinction by installing it, which is the most practical.
Means for Solving the Problems For this purpose, the present inventors have already developed a wave power turbine as a secondary conversion device capable of converting both the compressed air flow and the negative pressure air flow brought from the primary conversion device into energy. In general, we have invented two types of prototypes and have succeeded in conducting trial production experiments. The wave power turbine is described in detail in Japanese Patent Application Nos. 10-297545, 11-74304, and 11-343756 for the valveless type, and in Japanese Patent Application No. 2001-252141 for the valve box type. . Part of the Asahikawa National College of Technology has also conducted efficiency tests, and has demonstrated high efficiency especially in the low-speed range. The floating body of the type using the air turbine of the present invention (Claim 1) is a floating body (1) having an air chamber with a floating chamber as a vibrating water column using vertical movement of waves. It is moored in the sea by a fixed shaft (13) at the tip of an arm (6) extending from the support (9).
On the above-mentioned floating body, the fixed shaft at the tip of the arm is connected to or coaxial with the axis of a hydraulic swing motor (17) installed on the floating body, and the hydraulic pressure generated by the swinging of the floating body. Is transmitted to the hydraulic motor (26), the rotation is increased by the speed increasing mechanism (27), and the flywheel (29) is turned through the one-way clutch (28). On the same axis of the flywheel, the valveless wave-powered air turbine (30) and the generator (31), which have been invented by the present inventors, are mounted. The hydraulic circuit requires a plurality of check valves (22), and controls the suction of oil from the oil tank (25) of the oscillating motor and the sending of pressure oil to the hydraulic motor. (The arrangement of the hydraulic circuit and the air turbine is shown in FIG. 9). Individual hydraulic technologies such as a release valve and an accumulator (24) may be required in some cases, but are omitted because they are existing technologies. The above-mentioned air turbine and hydraulic motor work coaxially as basic means for solving the problem. The hydraulic circuit is shown in FIGS. (Claim 1. FIG. 1 is a perspective view when installed on a rock reef. FIGS. 3 and 4 are diagrams showing operation by traveling waves and reflected waves. FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing the structure of a floating chamber and an air chamber.)
According to the second aspect of the present invention, in the case of the floating body (41) of the floating chamber which is moored by the fixed shaft at the tip of the arm without the air chamber, the fixed shaft at the tip of the arm is mounted on the floating body. It is connected to a moving motor, and the fixed shaft (8) at the base of the arm is connected to or coaxial with a rocking motor (17) installed at the tip of the column. When the floating body is rocked up and down, back and forth, the fixed shaft drives the rocking motor, and the pressure oil obtained by passing through the pipeline is sent to the hydraulic motor, which is a hydraulic mechanism in the machine room provided separately, and the speed increasing mechanism Turn the flywheel through the one-way clutch to increase rotation. The flywheel keeps turning the coaxial generator. Oscillating motors installed at different locations absorb movements with different properties of up-down waves and traveling waves. Again, higher energy conversion efficiencies can be expected than for only one of the energies. (Claim 2) FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a floating wave power generator installed on a breakwater (18). The hydraulic circuit is shown in FIG. Although hydraulic motors with different phases are attached to both sides of the generator, various designs are possible by combining pipe lines.
The fixing device (16) is provided with a weight (7) on the opposite side of the arm around the arm mounting portion (4) on the support to prevent the entire weight of the arm from hitting the floating body. I decided to balance. In addition, a column is inserted into the column cover (10) so that the direction of the arm can be changed. Further, the arm and the strut have a structure capable of extending and contracting. (Claim 3) (Claim 7)
In the case of the floating body (1) having an air chamber according to the first aspect, when the floating body (1) is installed on a wall surface such as a breakwater, the rail (20) is attached to the wall surface and moored by an arm (19) of a fixing device that slides. You can do it. (Claim 4, FIG. 6) In this case, if the weight of the arm of the fixing device is too heavy on the floating body, attach a pulley that becomes a pulley horizontally or vertically on the rail, and weigh the opposite side with a wire or the like. You can adjust it by attaching it and hanging it. In order to cope with high waves higher than a certain level in the process, it is better to stop at a certain level or higher.
[0011] In one device of the present invention, a system using an air turbine with a floating body with an air chamber using vertical movement of waves and a system using a hydraulic system with a pendulum system using traveling waves of waves are used in one device. In order to perform the operation, the hydraulic motor is turned by a hydraulic mechanism having an oil tank, one or more swing motors (17) and a plurality of check valves (22), and a release valve and an accumulator (24) as necessary. The present invention also relates to a hybrid turbine system for floating wave power generation having a structure in which a speed increasing mechanism is connected to a one-way clutch, a flywheel is rotated, and a coaxial air turbine and a generator are operated as a single shaft (43). It is. (Claim 5. FIG. 7 is a front view showing the image of the machine room.)
Up to now, the floating type uses an air turbine and is typically of the buoy type moored from the seabed. Therefore, the shaft at the tip of one or more arms extending from the column of the fixing device has been used. The primary conversion device itself with the hydraulic device of the floating type according to claims 1 and 2 supported by the present invention is also the present invention. (Claim 6)
In order to prevent the device from being destroyed by a typhoon, a tsunami, or a sudden high wave, the fixing device with the arm according to the third or fourth aspect of the present invention has the following features: We also developed a floating wave power generator fixing device in which the bar (39) attached to the arm is fixed by stopping with a hook (40) with a spring. (Claim 8) In the case of claim 2, the up-and-down wave is absorbed by a rocking motor of a hydraulic device installed at the tip of a support at the base of the arm, and is an invention as a fixing device with a rocking motor. Vertical waves can be absorbed by a simple floating body and this device alone. (Claim 9)
[Operation] As described above, according to the present invention, the floating type OWC vibrating water column type primary conversion device utilizing the upstream and downstream of the wave is provided by the fixed shaft (13) at the tip of the arm extending from the fixed device. By mooring, the compressed air flow and the negative pressure air flow generated from the air chamber are changed to rotation by the air turbine (30) connected to the air chamber (14) and the pipe (32), and the fixed shaft at the tip of the arm. Is connected to the rocking motor installed on the floating body part or directly connected to the shaft, the pressure oil generated is sent to the hydraulic motor, the speed is changed to rotation and the generator is turned on the same axis, the energy of the wave is done Both the vertical wave and the traveling wave can be totally absorbed by one primary conversion device.
The air flow generated in the air chamber with the floating type floating body according to claim 1 will be described. When the wave rises, the floating body is also lifted up, and when reaching the top, the floating body is going to rise due to inertia. But the waves start to fall. At that time, a negative pressure is generated in the air chamber, and the atmosphere is sucked into the air chamber. Conversely, when the wave falls, the floating body also descends, and when the lowest point is reached, the wave starts to rise while the floating body tries to continue descending by inertia. At that time, a compressed flow is generated in the air chamber and is blown out from the air chamber. The compressed, negative pressure air stream is converted into energy through a turbine that rotates in one direction.
The function of the hydraulic device will be described. Since the fixed shaft at the tip of the arm extending from the fixed portion is connected to the shaft of the hydraulic oscillating motor installed on the floating body, the floating body may be pushed by the traveling wave. When it is pushed back and forth by the reflected wave and sways back and forth, the force applied to the whole is gathered at one point of the moored shaft, and swings left and right as the shaft of the swing motor where the arm shaft is fixed ( 3 and 4). At that time, the pipeline is designed so that the pressure oil generated from the oscillating motor is controlled by the check valve and always goes to the inlet of the hydraulic motor, so the motor rotates in a fixed direction even if it swings to any direction (Fig. 8, See Fig. 9. The speed increasing mechanism and flywheel are omitted). If there are four check valves per rocking motor, two can be controlled by installing them in the direction from the oil tank to the hydraulic motor and two in the direction from the oil tank to the rocking motor.
According to the first aspect of the present invention, the above-mentioned action occurs continuously, the up-and-down wave is converted into rotation by the air turbine from the air chamber, and the traveling wave is sent to the hydraulic motor by the hydraulic circuit by the oscillating motor. Is converted to rotation and absorbed as energy to turn the generator. As described above, the present device is also a wave-breaking device, and from a different point of view, it also means that electricity is generated in the surplus of wave-breaking.
According to the second aspect of the present invention, the entirety of the floating chamber structure (41) without the air chamber is the same as that of the first aspect, except for the relationship between the arm, the fixed shaft, and the hydraulic oscillating motor. The fixed shaft (8) is connected to or coaxial with a rocking motor installed at the tip of the column, and sends pressurized oil to the machine room, which is separately installed in each piping, and is controlled by a check valve to control the oil. Turn the generator by converting it into rotation by putting it at the entrance of the hydraulic motor. The hydraulic circuit is shown in FIG. 10 and is designed to have a phased hydraulic motor located on both sides of the generator. Various circuit designs are possible. In this form, the vertical wave acts on the base of the arm, and is absorbed by the swing motor at that portion. The traveling wave acts on the floating body and the fixed shaft at the tip of the arm to swing the floating body back and forth, and is absorbed by a swing motor attached to that portion. (See FIG. 2 and FIGS. 3 and 4.) The effect of wave elimination is the same as that of the first aspect.
In summary, the reason why the struts and arms expand and contract is to allow them to flexibly cope with elevations and horizontal surfaces when they are installed on the site. The weight is added to the side in order to balance the weight of the arm so that it does not sink below the buoyancy of the floating body. In addition, the support column can be rotated in the support cover so that it can flexibly cope with the direction, and when it is installed, broken down, or maintained, it is turned from the sea side to the land side, and it is used in land and shallow water. It also helps to work safely. At this time, it is preferable to lift the arm with a jack or the like and fix the arm upward with a bar and a support hook provided on the arm for high waves. Conversely, when lowering the arm, lift the arm with a jack or the like, remove the hook, and lower the jack little by little. When the position of each of the expansion / contraction and rotation devices is determined, they are fixed with bolts or the like. If the installation site is determined and the length of the column or arm can be measured from the beginning, the expansion and contraction and rotation functions are not required, and a fixed type may be used from the economical viewpoint. Using the column cover as the first column, if a column is inserted, it becomes a two-stage type, and if a two-stage column is inserted, it becomes a three-stage column.
According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the slide-type fixed portion of the rail is adapted to cope with the vertical movement of the wave and the ebb and flow of the tide. It seems that efficiency is higher if the vertical movement is absorbed by a fixed device. However, considering the ebb and flow of the tide, the device becomes too large and enormous cost is required, so the floating type was used. Sliding on the rails solved the problem of tides. For the same reason, in the case of the arm type according to the first aspect, a fixed shaft is provided at the base of the arm of the arm mounting portion (4) of the support column so that the arm can be moved up and down. In addition, when it is mounted on a water front or the like which has been variously planned in recent years, since the tide does not matter, it can be fixed and mounted directly on the edge of the front.
[Embodiment] The hydraulic energy absorbing device according to the present invention has been described as a rocking motor, but the same effect can be obtained by substituting two hydraulic cylinders which expand and contract with vibration. Can be demonstrated. At first, hydraulic cylinders seemed to have been used for many years as pendulums that used the sway of traveling waves, but they have evolved to use swing motors in terms of installation and operation, and have a proven track record. That's why I decided to use a swinging motor here as well.
Regarding the mechanical device of the first aspect, the same is true even if the generator is installed at the center and the air turbine, the flywheel and the hydraulic system are arranged on the left and right. Alternatively, swing motors may be respectively installed on the fixed shafts of the arms on both sides of the floating body, and the pipes may be joined to send the pressure oil to the hydraulic motor. The present inventors have also invented an air rectification device that can send contradictory air flows in one direction with a simple valve box that operates at a pressure difference, and according to this, an axial flow turbine such as a reaction, an impulse, etc. Any turbine, such as a centrifugal turbine or a centrifugal turbine, can be used. In addition, since various types of wave power turbines have been developed, if this is used, a generator is installed separately for the hydraulic system and the air turbine system, and the generated electricity is merged. Can absorb wave power.
In the case of the floating body according to the second aspect, there is no need to particularly manufacture a floating chamber portion, and since the whole is a floating body, there is no design limitation, and the floating body is susceptible to traveling waves as shown in FIGS. Dent design is also effective. In both claim 1 and claim 2, the floating chamber portion can be produced by confining air, but if something like urethane foam is filled in case of inundation, water will enter even if the hole is opened. There is no sinking. For production, a salt-resistant metal plate may be placed on the aggregate, or FRP, ferrocement, etc., and if there is a budget constraint, the steel plate may be coated with a salt-resistant paint.
The fixing device is divided into a foundation, a column cover, a column, and an arm portion which is connected to a shaft therebefore. The base (11) can be made of concrete with rebar on a rock (15) (Fig. 1), installed on a breakwater (18) (Fig. 6), A fume pipe (33) or the like is set up inside (FIG. 5), and heavy metal pieces, gravel, concrete, etc. (38) are poured into the fume pipe (33). The foundation is attached to the pillar cover with a flange (35) and attached with bolts (12), but it is also possible to insert the pillar cover during the production of the foundation and harden it with concrete. Further, the expansion and contraction of the arm and the column, and the place where the column rotates in the column cover can be operated by a hydraulic actuator of a hydraulic device installed separately if there is a budget.
As for the arm portion, it is usually moored by two arms, one on each side of the floating body. However, since it is difficult to rotate the strut when there are two struts, FIG. As shown, one arm extends from one support, and is divided into two parts on the way (5) and turned to both sides of the floating body. The advantage of being rotatable has been described above, but there are further advantages that only one foundation is required and that one telescopic strut and one arm are required. The method of hanging the bar on the arm with the hook of the column and lifting it up is to make the bar part a multi-stage gear so that it stops at the position when it is raised to the highest height from a certain height gradually You can also. The device can be prevented from being smashed up and down by high waves and destroyed.
[Effects of the Invention] In the present invention, since both a vertical movement and a traveling wave of a wave are converted into energy in a single device to generate electricity, energy conversion efficiency which has never existed in the past can be expected, and sea energy can be expected. There is also a wave-dissipating effect that calms the waves and makes it possible to use various sea areas. No major investment is required. Furthermore, installation using existing breakwaters or rocky reefs is easy and flexible due to expansion and contraction and rotation of arms and columns, which is excellent in mass production and cost. By using the floating type, there was no problem of the difference between the high tide and the low tide, and the problem of protecting the equipment from unexpected large waves could be solved. Although there is a part of the on-site work, it is suitable for industrial production, so I think it will be a valuable invention that pushes the practical use of wave power generation.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a place where the present invention, claim 1 is installed using a rock reef.
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a place where the present invention, claim 2 is installed from a breakwater.
FIG. 3 is a view showing an operation of a floating body by a reflected wave according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a view showing the operation of the floating body by the traveling wave according to the first aspect of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing the structure of the foundation, the floating chamber, and the air chamber according to the first aspect of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a sectional view of the floating body according to the present invention, which operates along a rail.
FIG. 7 is a front view showing the inside of the machine room according to the first aspect of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a view showing the positions of the pipeline and the air turbine of the hydraulic mechanism according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a view showing a case where the hydraulic mechanism of the present invention is simplified.
FIG. 10 is a view showing a floating body and a hydraulic circuit according to the second aspect of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
(1) Floating body with air chamber (2) Floating chamber (3) Machine room (4) Arm mounting part (5) Tip of split arm (6) Telescopic arm ( 7) is the weight (8) is the fixed shaft of the base of the arm (9) is the telescopic support (10) is the support cover (11) is the foundation (12) is the bolt (13) is the fixed shaft at the tip of the arm (14) ) Is an air chamber (15) is a reef (16) is a fixing device as a whole (17) is a rocking motor (18) is a breakwater (19) is a sliding fixing device arm (20) is a rail (21) is an arm support The rod (22) is a check valve (23) is a hydraulic pipe (24) is an accumulator (25) is an oil tank (26) is a hydraulic motor (27) is a speed increasing mechanism (28) is a one-way clutch (29) is a fly Wheel (30) is air turbine (31) is power generation (32) Piping from the air chamber (33) Fume pipe foundation (34) Air inlet / outlet (35) Flange (36) Return pipe (37) Pump suction pipe (38) Metal piece, Gravel, cement, etc. (39) Arm bar (40) Spring hook (42) Shaking direction (43) Turbine shaft (44) Motor stand (45) Generator stand (46) Is the oscillating motor mount for the column (47) is the wave

Claims (9)

浮体の固定装置である支柱から伸びた一本以上のアームの先端の固定軸が、揺動モーターの軸と連結されて係留される浮室付き空気室を一次変換装置とする波力発電用の浮体にして、その浮体である一次変換装置の上部に機械室を設置し、その中に、少なくとも一個以上の油圧用揺動モーターと複数のチェック弁からなる油圧機構に連結された油圧モーターと一軸で連結される空気タービンと発電機を備え、装置全体が波の進行波で前後に揺らされる事によりアームの先の軸が揺動モーターを駆動して発生する油圧のエネルギーを油圧モーターでエネルギー変換、更に空気室と配管で繋がっている同軸上の空気タービンと共に発電機を回して発電する事を特徴とする消波装置を兼ねる浮遊式波力発電装置。A fixed shaft at the tip of one or more arms extending from a column, which is a device for fixing a floating body, is connected to the shaft of a rocking motor and is used as a primary converter for an air chamber with a floating chamber for wave power generation. A floating body, a machine room is installed above the primary conversion device, which is a floating body, and a hydraulic motor connected to a hydraulic mechanism consisting of at least one or more hydraulic rocking motors and a plurality of check valves, and a single shaft. The air turbine and the generator are connected by a hydraulic system, and the entire device is swung back and forth by the traveling wave of the wave, and the shaft at the end of the arm drives the oscillating motor, and the hydraulic energy generated by the oscillating motor is converted by the hydraulic motor A floating wave power generator which also functions as a wave absorber, characterized in that a generator is rotated together with a coaxial air turbine connected to the air chamber by a pipe to generate power. 浮体の固定装置である支柱から伸びた一本以上のアームの先端の固定軸によって係留される浮体にして、アームの先端の固定軸が浮体に設置された一個以上の油圧用揺動モーターの軸に連結され、アームの付け根の固定軸も支柱に設置された油圧用揺動モーターの軸に連結されていて、別個に設置された機械室に複数のチェック弁や油圧モーター発電機からなる油圧機構の発電装置を備え、浮体が波の進行波で前後に揺れたり、上下波で上下に揺れる事によってそれぞれの軸が揺動モーター駆動することにより発生する油圧のエネルギーを配管を通して油圧モーターに伝えて回転エネルギーに変換して発電する事を特徴とする消波装置を兼ねる浮遊式波力発電装置。One or more hydraulic rocking motor shafts, with the fixed shaft at the tip of the arm being a floating body moored by the fixed shaft at the tip of one or more arms extending from the column, which is a device for fixing the floating body. And the fixed shaft at the base of the arm is also connected to the shaft of the hydraulic oscillating motor installed on the support, and a hydraulic mechanism consisting of multiple check valves and a hydraulic motor generator in a separately installed machine room By transmitting the energy of hydraulic pressure generated by each axis driven by the oscillating motor by the floating body swinging back and forth with the traveling wave of the wave and up and down by the vertical wave, the hydraulic energy is transmitted to the hydraulic motor through the piping A floating wave power generator that doubles as a wave absorber characterized by generating power by converting it into rotational energy. 請求項1、2の固定装置にして、基礎の上に設置される支柱カバーの中に伸び縮み出来る支柱があり、その上に軸で上下に動く事の出来る伸び縮みするアームを取り付け、軸を中心としてアームの反対側にアームの重量を吸収できる重りが付いている事を特徴とする浮遊式波力発電装置の固定装置。The fixing device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a stretchable support is provided in a support cover installed on the foundation, and an expandable / contractible arm that can move up and down by a shaft is mounted thereon, and the shaft is mounted. A fixing device for a floating wave power generator, characterized in that a weight capable of absorbing the weight of the arm is attached to the opposite side of the arm as a center. 請求項1の固定装置にして、壁面に設置されたレールに沿って上下にスライドするアームを特徴とする浮遊式波力発電装置の固定装置。2. The fixing device according to claim 1, further comprising an arm that slides up and down along a rail installed on a wall. 油タンクや一個以上の揺動モータと複数のチエック弁を有する油圧機構で、油圧モーターは増速機構と一方向クラッチと連結、、フライホイールと空気タービン、発電機を一軸として作動させる構造を特徴とする浮遊式波力発電用のタービンシステム。A hydraulic mechanism that has an oil tank, one or more rocking motors, and multiple check valves.The hydraulic motor is connected to a speed-increasing mechanism and a one-way clutch, and has a structure that operates using a flywheel, an air turbine, and a generator as one axis. Turbine system for floating wave power generation. 固定装置から伸びる一本以上のアームの先端の固定軸によって係留される請求項1、2の浮遊式にして油圧装置のついた波力の一次変換装置。3. The primary converter of wave power with a floating hydraulic system according to claim 1, which is moored by a fixed shaft at one or more arms extending from the fixing device. 請求項3のアームの付いた固定装置にして、支柱カバーの中で支柱を動かせ、アームが回転できる事を特徴とする浮遊式波力発電装置の固定装置。4. A fixing device for a floating wave power generation device according to claim 3, wherein the column can be moved within the column cover and the arm can be rotated. 請求項3、7のアームの付いた固定装置にして、アームの角度が一定以上の高さになると、アームに付けたバーがバネの付いたフックに引っかかる事により固定されてしまうことを特徴とする浮遊式波力発電装置の固定装置。The fixing device with an arm according to claim 3 or 7, wherein when the angle of the arm becomes a certain height or more, the bar attached to the arm is fixed by being hooked on a hook with a spring. Floating wave power generator fixing device. 請求項2、3、7、8のアームの付け根の固定軸を支柱に設置した油圧装置である揺動モーターの軸に連結した固定装置。A fixing device in which the fixed shaft at the base of the arm according to claim 2, 3, 7, or 8 is connected to the shaft of a rocking motor, which is a hydraulic device installed on a column.
JP2003124554A 2003-03-24 2003-03-24 Floating type wave force power-generating device serving as wave absorbing device Pending JP2004286005A (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR101017303B1 (en) 2009-02-13 2011-02-28 청호파워텍(주) generator using force of wave
CN102562424A (en) * 2011-12-30 2012-07-11 浙江大学宁波理工学院 Wave energy acquisition device
KR101551402B1 (en) 2013-01-28 2015-09-08 쉥-포 펑 Wave-driven power generation system
TWI764819B (en) * 2021-08-27 2022-05-11 周明祥 Wave power generation device

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR101017303B1 (en) 2009-02-13 2011-02-28 청호파워텍(주) generator using force of wave
CN102562424A (en) * 2011-12-30 2012-07-11 浙江大学宁波理工学院 Wave energy acquisition device
KR101551402B1 (en) 2013-01-28 2015-09-08 쉥-포 펑 Wave-driven power generation system
TWI764819B (en) * 2021-08-27 2022-05-11 周明祥 Wave power generation device

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