JP2004278937A - Indoor ventilation system - Google Patents

Indoor ventilation system Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004278937A
JP2004278937A JP2003071809A JP2003071809A JP2004278937A JP 2004278937 A JP2004278937 A JP 2004278937A JP 2003071809 A JP2003071809 A JP 2003071809A JP 2003071809 A JP2003071809 A JP 2003071809A JP 2004278937 A JP2004278937 A JP 2004278937A
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Japan
Prior art keywords
ventilation
amount
room
integrated
indoor
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JP2003071809A
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Japanese (ja)
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JP4231716B2 (en
Inventor
Takahito Sato
孝人 佐藤
Hiroshi Yamazaki
拓 山▲崎▼
Yukio Kimura
幸雄 木村
Yasuo Kunii
保夫 国井
Hidehiko Takagi
秀彦 高木
Katsuhiko Nagaya
加津彦 長屋
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Rinnai Corp
Toho Gas Co Ltd
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Rinnai Corp
Toho Gas Co Ltd
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an indoor ventilation system capable of efficiently exhausting chemical substances such as formaldehyde while suppressing wasteful energy consumption. <P>SOLUTION: The integrated amount of ventilation which is obtained by integrating the amount of ventilation per unit time from the start of the operation of a ventilation means 1 is calculated, and the ventilation means 1 is controlled by a controller 5 so as to reduce the amount of ventilation of the ventilation means 1 as the integrated amount of ventilation is increased. The amount of ventilation is determined based on the integrated amount of ventilation and history information on the room temperature (for example, the average room temperature) from the start of the operation of the ventilation means 1. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、家屋等の室内の建材から発散するホルムアルデヒド等の化学物質を排出するための室内換気システムに関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
新築家屋等の建造物では、新品の建材からホルムアルデヒド等の化学物質が発散するため、室内の換気を行う必要がある。このため、集合住宅などでは、近年、換気装置を24時間作動させることで、室内の換気を常時、行うようにした室内換気システムが備えられるようになっている。
【0003】
このような室内換気システムでは、換気装置の風量(換気量)を一定に保つものが一般に知られている。しかるに、このような室内換気システムでは、建材からのホルムアルデヒド等の化学物質の発散量が経年的に減少していくにもかかわらず、常に同じ風量で室内換気を行うため、化学物質の発散量が十分に小さくなった段階においては、必要以上の換気を行うものとなってしまう。従って、換気装置が必要以上にエネルギーを消費してしまうものとなる。
【0004】
そこで、例えば特開2001−254980号公報に見られるように、換気装置の風量を1年目用と2年目以降用とに切り替える切換スイッチを備え、新築後、1年程度の期間では、1年目用の切換スイッチをONにすることで換気装置の風量を多くし、その後は、2年目以降用の切換スイッチをONにすることで換気装置の風量を少なくするようにしたものが提案されている。
【0005】
しかるに、前記公報のものでは、換気装置の風量の切換えは、新築後の経過時間に基づいて工事業者等が切換スイッチを操作することで行われるので、その切換操作が行われない限り、換気装置の風量は一定量に維持される。一方、その一定量の風量での換気中に、建材からのホルムアルデヒド等の化学物質の発散量は時間の経過に伴い単調に減少していく。従って、新築後、上記切換スイッチが操作される直前の期間では、必要以上の風量で換気が行われることとなる。さらに、切換スイッチの操作後においても、その後、十分に時間が経過して、化学物質の発散がほとんどなくなったような状態では、やはり、必要以上の風量で換気が行われることとなってしまう。このため、前記公報の技術では、換気装置のエネルギー消費を十分に低減することが困難であった。なお、過剰な換気を行わないために、切換スイッチの各操作状態に対応する換気装置の風量を小さめに設定しておいた場合には、逆に、化学物質の排気を十分に行うことができないものとなってしまう。
【0006】
さらに、前記公報の技術においては、上記のように必要以上の風量で換気が行われる状態では、室内の空調を行ったときに、室内の暖められた空気、もしくは冷やされた空気も過剰に排出されることとなるため、この点でもエネルギーの利用効率が悪いものとなっていた。また、換気装置の風量の切換えは、工事業者等が切換スイッチを操作して行うので、手間を要するという不都合もあった。
【0007】
【特許文献1】
特開2001−254980号公報
【0008】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明はかかる背景に鑑みてなされたものであり、無駄なエネルギー消費を抑えつつホルムアルデヒド等の化学物質を室内から効率よく排気できる室内換気システムを提供することを目的とする。
【0009】
【課題を解決するための手段】
前記目的を達成するために、本発明の室内換気システムは、室内の空気を外部に排出する換気手段を作動させることにより、室内の建材から発散するホルムアルデヒド等の化学物質を排出する室内換気システムにおいて、該システムの所定の運転開始操作により前記換気手段の運転を開始した時から前記換気手段の単位時間当たりの換気量を積算してなる積算換気量を求める積算換気量算出手段と、少なくとも該積算換気量算出手段により算出された積算換気量の増加に伴い、前記換気手段の単位時間当たりの換気量を減少させるように該積算換気量に応じて前記換気手段を制御する換気制御手段とを備えたことを特徴とするものである。
【0010】
すなわち、換気扇等の換気手段を作動させて、建材から発散するホルムアルデヒド等の化学物質を排気するようにしたとき、建材から発散する化学物質の量(単位時間当たりの発散量)は、その発散量の積算値(積算発散量)の増加に伴い減衰していく。また、換気手段による化学物質の排気を必要十分な程度に留める上では、基本的には該化学物質の発散量に応じた換気量(その発散量の化学物質を排気する上で必要十分な換気量)で該換気手段を作動させればよい。そして、このように換気手段を作動させる場合には、化学物質の積算発散量は、換気手段による換気量(単位時間当たりの換気量)の積算値(積算換気量)の増加に伴って、減少していくこととなる。
【0011】
そこで、本発明では、前記換気制御手段は、前記積算換気量算出手段により求めた積算換気量の増加に伴い、換気手段の単位時間当たりの換気量を減少させるように該積算換気量に応じて換気手段を制御する。
【0012】
これにより、換気手段による単位時間当たりの換気量を、建材から発散するホルムアルデヒド等の化学物質を排気する上で必要十分な程度に留めることができ、該換気手段の作動によるエネルギー消費を低減できる。また、換気手段の換気量を必要十分な程度に留めることで、例えば室内の空調時に暖められた空気、あるいは冷やされた空気が室内から過剰に排気されてしまうのを防止できる。従って、本発明によれば、無駄なエネルギー消費を抑えつつ、ホルムアルデヒド等の化学物質を効率よく室内から排気できる。
【0013】
ところで、建材からのホルムアルデヒド等の化学物質の発散量(単位時間当たりの発散量)は室温の影響を受け、該室温が高い程、発散量が多くなる。従って、該発散量が減衰していく早さは室温(詳しくは室温の過去平均値等の履歴)の影響を受ける。
【0014】
そこで、本発明では、前記室内の温度を検出する室温検出手段を備え、前記換気制御手段は、前記積算換気量と前記換気手段の運転を開始した時からの該室温検出手段による検出室温の履歴情報とに応じて前記換気手段の単位時間当たりの換気量を決定することがより好ましい。
【0015】
このようにすることにより、換気手段の単位時間当たりの換気量が前記積算換気量だけでなく、ホルムアルデヒド等の化学物質の発散量の減衰に影響を及ぼす室温の履歴情報も考慮して決定されることとなる。この結果、換気手段の換気量を、ホルムアルデヒド等の化学物質の排気を必要十分な程度に行う上で、より最適なものに制御することができ、換気手段のエネルギー消費をより低減することができる。なお、室温の履歴情報は、例えば室温の平均値(時間平均値)であることが好ましい。
【0016】
また、本発明では、前記室内の暖房を行う暖房手段と、室内に人が居るか否かを検知する人検知手段とを備え、前記換気制御手段は、前記人検知手段により室内に人が居ないことが検知されたときには、前記暖房手段を作動させると共に、前記人検知手段により人が居ることが検知されたときよりも前記換気手段の単位時間当たりの換気量を増量側に調整する手段を具備することが好ましい。
【0017】
これによれば、室内に人が居ないときには、前記暖房手段が作動して、室内の暖房が行われ、建材からのホルムアルデヒド等の化学物質の発散が促進される。そして、このとき、換気手段の単位時間当たりの換気量は、室内に人が居るときよりも増量側に調整され、発散が促進された化学物質が換気手段により確実に排気される。その結果、建材からのホルムアルデヒドの発散を早期に減衰させることができる。
【0018】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明の一実施形態を図1および図2を参照して説明する。
【0019】
図1は、本実施形態の室内換気システムの全体構成を模式的に示すものであり、同図1に示すように、室内Aには、換気手段としての換気扇装置1と、暖房手段としてのファンヒータ2と、室温を検出する室温検出手段としての温度センサ3と、室内Aに人が居るか否かを検出する人検知手段としての人検知装置4と、換気扇装置1やファンヒータ2の運転制御を行なうコントローラ5とが備えられている。
【0020】
人検知装置4は、室内Aを撮像するCCDカメラ6と、このCCDカメラ6により得られた画像データを解析して、室内Aに人が居るか否かを判断する画像処理部7とを備えるものである。
【0021】
コントローラ5は、マイクロコンピュータ等から構成された電子回路ユニットであり、換気扇装置1、ファンヒータ2、温度センサ3、および人検知装置4の画像処理部7との間で、有線もしくは無線により構成された通信手段(ホームネットワーク等。図ではコントローラ5と各機器1〜4との間の矢印で表している)により通信(各種のデータ授受)を行うことが可能となっている。その通信内容をより具体的に言えば、コントローラ5は、温度センサ3から室温の検出データを取得すると共に、人検知手段4の画像処理部7から、室内Aに人が居るか否かを示す人検知データを取得する。さらに、コントローラ5は、換気扇装置1およびファンヒータ2にそれらの運転制御指令を送出したり、該換気扇装置1およびファンヒータ2から、それらの動作状態データ等を取得する。なお、詳細は後述するが、コントローラ5は、本発明における換気量積算手段、換気制御手段としての機能を有するものである。
【0022】
また、コントローラ5には、室内Aの建材(壁や家具等の建材)から発散するホルムアルデヒド等の化学物質の排気を行うべき旨を該コントローラ5に指示するための運転開始スイッチ5aが備えられている。
【0023】
なお、コントローラ5は、必ずしも室内Aに配置されている必要はなく、家屋内の室内Aとは別の箇所に配置されていてもよい。また、温度センサ3は、ファンヒータ2にあらかじめ備えられたものを代用してもよい。
【0024】
次に、本実施形態の室内換気システムの作動(特にコントローラ5の制御処理)を説明する。
【0025】
家屋の新築後の入居時等において、ホルムアルデヒド等の化学物質の排気を開始するために、コントローラ5に備えた運転開始スイッチ5aをON操作すると、以後、コントローラ5は、室温検出データおよび人検知データをそれぞれ温度センサ3および人検知装置4から逐次取得しつつ、換気制御手段としての機能によって、換気扇装置1を制御して(この制御の詳細は後述する)、該換気扇装置1の継続的な運転を開始させる。これにより、室内Aの新品建材から発散するホルムアルデヒド等の化学物質の排気が開始される。なお、換気扇装置1の運転開始当初において、新品建材から発散するホルムアルデヒド等の化学物質の発散量(単位時間当たりの発散量)は比較的多いので、その運転開始当初における換気扇装置1のファンの回転速度は、比較的高速側の回転速度に制御される。
【0026】
また、コントローラ5は、人検知装置4の人検知データによって室内Aに人が居ないことを認識した場合には、ファンヒータ2を制御して、その運転(暖房運転)を開始させる。このファンヒータ2の運転によって室内Aが暖められることで、室内Aの建材からのホルムアルデヒド等の化学物質の発散が促進される。なお、室内Aに人が居ることが検知された場合には、ファンヒータ2の運転を停止するか、もしくは、運転停止状態を維持する。
【0027】
一方、上記のような換気扇装置1およびファンヒータ2の運転制御を行ないつつ、コントローラ5は、その換気量積算手段の機能によって、換気扇装置1による単位時間当たりの換気量を逐次積算(累積加算)することにより積算換気量を算出する。より具体的には、コントローラ5は、前記運転開始スイッチ5aのON操作に応じて換気扇装置1の運転を開始した時から、所定の制御周期(演算処理周期)毎に、換気扇装置1への回転数指令値もしくは換気扇装置1に備えた回転速度センサの検出値に基づき、換気扇装置1の単位時間当たりの換気量を求め、その求めた換気量を累積加算していくことにより積算換気量を算出する。ここで、換気扇装置1の換気量は、より詳しくは、換気扇装置1の単位時間当たりの吸気量もしくは排気量であり、換言すれば該換気扇装置1の風量である。なお、換気扇装置1の換気量は、その算出精度を高めるために換気扇装置1のファンの回転速度だけでなく室内Aの気圧や外気圧等も考慮して求めてもよく、あるいは、フローセンサにより検出するようにしてもよい。
【0028】
さらに、コントローラ5は、換気扇装置1の運転を開始した時からの温度センサ3による検出室温の平均値(時間平均値)を室内Aの室温の履歴情報として逐次算出していく。この平均値(以下、室温平均値という)は、具体的には、換気扇装置1の運転を開始した時から、検出室温を逐次積分しつつ、その積分値を現在までの経過時間により除算することで算出される。そして、コントローラ5は、算出した積算換気量と室温平均値とに基づき、以下に説明するように換気扇装置1の換気量を制御する。
【0029】
まず、コントローラ5は、算出した積算換気量と室温平均値とに基づき室内Aの建材から発散するホルムアルデヒド等の化学物質の発散量(単位時間当たりの発散量)を推定する。
【0030】
ここで、本実施形態では、基本的には、ホルムアルデヒド等の化学物質の発散量を室外に排気するのに必要十分な程度の換気量で室内Aの換気を行うので、換気扇装置1の積算換気量の増加に伴い、建材から発散した化学物質の総量(単位時間当たりの発散量の積算値)も単調に増加する。従って、建材からのホルムアルデヒド等の化学物質の発散量(以下、化学物質発散量という)は、図2のグラフで示すように、換気扇装置1の積算換気量の増加に伴い、減衰していく。また、換気扇装置1の運転を開始してからの室温平均値が高いほど、建材からのホルムアルデヒド等の化学物質の発散が促進されるため、化学物質発散量の減衰は、室温平均値が高いほど、早まる。ここで、図2の各実線グラフは、下側のものほど、室温平均値がより高いものとなっている。なお、図2のグラフの縦軸は、より正確には、換気扇装置1の運転開始当初、すなわち、積算換気量が0であるときの化学物質発散量(以下、初期発散量という)に対する相対値である。
【0031】
そこで、本実施形態では、図2のグラフで示されるような、化学物質発散量(初期発散量に対する相対値)と、積算換気量および室温平均値との相関関係をあらかじめマップデータとしてコントローラ5に記憶保持しておく。さらに、初期発散量(積算換気量が0であるときの化学物質発散量)を、化学物質を発散し得る室内Aの新品建材の総重量や、種類等に基づいて業者等があらかじめ求めておき、その求めた初期発散量をコントローラ5に記憶保持しておく。そして、コントローラ5の換気制御手段は、前述の如く求めた制御周期毎に求めた積算換気量の現在値と、室温平均値の現在値とから、上記マップデータに基づき化学物質発散量の初期発散量からの減衰割合を求め、この減衰割合を、あらかじめ記憶保持された初期発散量に乗算することで、室内Aにおける現在の化学物質発散量を求める(推定する)。このようにして求まる化学物質発散量は、図2のグラフに示したような形態で減衰していくこととなる。
【0032】
次いで、コントローラ5は、上記の如く求めた化学物質発散量に応じて換気扇装置1の換気量を規定する回転速度指令値の基本値を新たに決定する。この場合、回転速度指令値の基本値は、例えば化学物質発散量に比例させた値に決定される。そして、コントローラ5は、室内Aに人が居て、ファンヒータ2の運転を行わせていない場合には、上記の如く決定した回転速度指令値の基本値を換気扇装置1に出力し、その指令値の回転速度で換気扇装置1のファンを作動させる。また、コントローラ5は、室内Aに人が居らず、前述したようにファンヒータ2の運転(暖房運転)を行わせている場合には、上記の如く決定した回転速度指令値の基本値をあらかじめ定められた所定の割合だけ増加側に補正してなる回転速度指令値を換気扇装置1に出力し、その指令値の回転速度で換気扇装置1のファンを作動させる。
【0033】
この場合、回転速度指令値の基本値は、上記の如く化学物質発散量に応じた値に決定されるので、換気扇装置1による換気量は、基本的には図2のグラフと同じような形態で、積算換気量の増加に伴い減少していくこととなる。このため、換気扇装置1は、建材から発散するホルムアルデヒド等の化学物質を室内Aから排気する上で必要十分な程度の換気量で作動することとなる。この結果、換気扇装置1のエネルギー消費を低減することができる。また、室内Aの暖房、あるいは冷房を行っているときに、室内Aの暖められた空気もしくは冷やされた空気が換気扇装置1により過剰に排気されてしまうことも回避できるため、室内Aの暖房効率あるいは冷房効率を高めることができる。
【0034】
さらに、室内Aに人が居ないときには、ファンヒータ2の暖房運転を行わせて、建材からの化学物質の発散を促進しつつ、換気扇装置1にコントロータ5から送出する回転速度指令値を基本値よりも増加側に補正するので、室内Aに人が居るときよりも換気扇装置1の換気量が増加する。従って、建材からの化学物質の発散を早期に減衰させることができる。
【0035】
なお、本実施形態では、前記化学物質発散量を求めた上で、換気扇装置1の回転速度指令値の基本値を決定するようにしたが、例えば前記積算換気量と室温平均値から前記マップデータに求まる減衰割合と、前記初期発散量とから、さらにあらかじめ定めたマップデータや演算式等により、直接的に換気扇装置1の回転速度指令値の基本値、もしくは、これに対応する換気量の基本値を決定するようにしてもよい。化学物質発散量の初期発散量からの減衰割合を求めるために、図2のグラフのような特性を近似表現する演算式を用いるようにしてもよい。
【0036】
また、前記実施形態では、ファンヒータ2を暖房手段として備えたものを示したが、本発明における暖房手段は、例えばFF式の温風暖房機、床暖房機、空調機、電気ストーブ等、ファンヒータ2以外の暖房機器を用いてもよい。
【0037】
また、人検知装置4としてCCDカメラ6を備えたものを示したが、赤外線センサ用いた簡易な構成で人検知を行うようにしてもよい。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の室内換気システムの全体構成を模式的に示す図。
【図2】図1のシステムの要部の作動を説明するためのグラフ。
【符号の説明】
1…換気扇装置(換気手段)、2…ファンヒータ(暖房手段)、3…温度センサ(室温検出手段)、4…人検知装置(人検知手段)、5…コントローラ(換気制御手段、積算換気量算出手段)。
[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an indoor ventilation system for discharging chemical substances such as formaldehyde emitted from building materials in a room such as a house.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In buildings such as new houses, chemical substances such as formaldehyde emanate from new building materials, so that it is necessary to ventilate the room. For this reason, in a multi-family house or the like, in recent years, an indoor ventilation system has been provided in which a ventilation device is operated for 24 hours to constantly perform indoor ventilation.
[0003]
In such an indoor ventilation system, a system that keeps the air volume (ventilation volume) of a ventilator constant is generally known. However, in such an indoor ventilation system, even though the amount of emission of chemical substances such as formaldehyde from building materials decreases over time, indoor ventilation is always performed at the same air volume, so the amount of emission of chemical substances is low. At the stage where the size becomes sufficiently small, ventilation becomes more than necessary. Therefore, the ventilation device consumes energy more than necessary.
[0004]
Therefore, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-254980, for example, a changeover switch for switching the air volume of the ventilator between the first year and the second year or later is provided. It is proposed to increase the air volume of the ventilator by turning on the changeover switch for the year, and then reduce the airflow of the ventilator by turning on the changeover switch for the second and subsequent years. Have been.
[0005]
However, according to the publication, the switching of the air volume of the ventilation device is performed by operating a changeover switch by a contractor or the like based on the elapsed time after the new construction, so that unless the switching operation is performed, the ventilation device is not changed. Is maintained at a constant level. On the other hand, during ventilation at the fixed air volume, the emission amount of chemical substances such as formaldehyde from the building material monotonously decreases with time. Therefore, after the new construction, in the period immediately before the changeover switch is operated, ventilation is performed with an air flow more than necessary. Furthermore, even after the operation of the changeover switch, if sufficient time has passed since then and the divergence of the chemical substance has almost disappeared, the ventilation will still be performed with an excessive air volume. For this reason, it is difficult to sufficiently reduce the energy consumption of the ventilator by the technique disclosed in the above publication. In addition, in order to prevent excessive ventilation, if the air volume of the ventilator corresponding to each operation state of the changeover switch is set small, on the contrary, the exhaust of the chemical substance cannot be sufficiently performed. It will be something.
[0006]
Further, according to the technology disclosed in the above publication, in a state where ventilation is performed with an air volume more than necessary as described above, when indoor air conditioning is performed, warm air or cooled air in the room is excessively discharged. In this regard, the efficiency of energy utilization is also low. In addition, since the switching of the air volume of the ventilator is performed by operating a changeover switch by a contractor or the like, there is also an inconvenience of requiring labor.
[0007]
[Patent Document 1]
JP 2001-254980 A
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention has been made in view of such a background, and an object of the present invention is to provide an indoor ventilation system capable of efficiently exhausting a chemical substance such as formaldehyde from a room while suppressing unnecessary energy consumption.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, an indoor ventilation system of the present invention is directed to an indoor ventilation system that discharges a chemical substance such as formaldehyde emitted from indoor building materials by operating a ventilation unit that discharges indoor air to the outside. An integrated ventilation amount calculating means for obtaining an integrated ventilation amount obtained by integrating a ventilation amount per unit time of the ventilation means from a time when the operation of the ventilation means is started by a predetermined operation start operation of the system; Ventilation control means for controlling the ventilation means in accordance with the integrated ventilation volume so as to reduce the ventilation volume per unit time of the ventilation means with an increase in the integrated ventilation volume calculated by the ventilation volume calculation means. It is characterized by having.
[0010]
That is, when a ventilation means such as a ventilation fan is operated to exhaust a chemical substance such as formaldehyde emitted from the building material, the amount of the chemical substance emitted from the building material (the emission amount per unit time) is determined by the emission amount. Attenuates as the integrated value (integrated divergence) increases. In addition, in order to keep the exhaust of the chemical substance by the ventilation means to a necessary and sufficient degree, basically, the ventilation amount according to the amount of the chemical substance emitted (the ventilation necessary and sufficient to exhaust the amount of the emitted chemical substance) Volume). When the ventilator is operated in this manner, the integrated divergence of the chemical substance decreases with an increase in the integrated value (cumulative ventilation) of the ventilation (ventilation per unit time) by the ventilator. Will be done.
[0011]
Therefore, in the present invention, the ventilation control means, in accordance with the increase in the integrated ventilation determined by the integrated ventilation calculation means, according to the integrated ventilation to reduce the ventilation per unit time of the ventilation means. Control ventilation means.
[0012]
Thus, the amount of ventilation per unit time by the ventilation means can be kept to a necessary and sufficient level for exhausting the chemical substances such as formaldehyde radiating from the building material, and the energy consumption by the operation of the ventilation means can be reduced. In addition, by keeping the ventilation volume of the ventilation means to a necessary and sufficient level, it is possible to prevent, for example, excessively warmed air or cooled air from being exhausted from the room during the air conditioning of the room. Therefore, according to the present invention, a chemical substance such as formaldehyde can be efficiently exhausted from a room while suppressing unnecessary energy consumption.
[0013]
Incidentally, the emission amount (the emission amount per unit time) of a chemical substance such as formaldehyde from building materials is affected by room temperature, and the emission amount increases as the room temperature increases. Therefore, the speed at which the amount of divergence attenuates is affected by the room temperature (specifically, history such as a past average value of the room temperature).
[0014]
Therefore, in the present invention, a room temperature detecting means for detecting the temperature of the room is provided, and the ventilation control means includes a history of the integrated ventilation amount and a room temperature detected by the room temperature detecting means from the time when the operation of the ventilation means is started. More preferably, the ventilation amount of the ventilation means per unit time is determined according to the information.
[0015]
By doing so, the ventilation volume per unit time of the ventilation means is determined in consideration of not only the cumulative ventilation volume but also room temperature history information which affects the attenuation of the emission amount of a chemical substance such as formaldehyde. It will be. As a result, the ventilation amount of the ventilation means can be controlled to be more optimal in exhausting a chemical substance such as formaldehyde to a necessary and sufficient degree, and the energy consumption of the ventilation means can be further reduced. . Note that the room temperature history information is preferably, for example, an average value (time average value) of the room temperature.
[0016]
Further, in the present invention, a heating unit for heating the room and a person detecting unit for detecting whether or not a person is present in the room are provided, and the ventilation control unit is provided with a person in the room by the person detecting unit. When the absence is detected, the heating means is operated, and the means for adjusting the ventilation volume per unit time of the ventilation means to an increased side than when the presence of a person is detected by the human detection means is provided. Preferably, it is provided.
[0017]
According to this, when there is no person in the room, the heating means operates to heat the room, and the emission of chemical substances such as formaldehyde from building materials is promoted. Then, at this time, the ventilation amount per unit time of the ventilation means is adjusted to an increased side as compared with when a person is present in the room, and the chemical substance whose divergence has been promoted is reliably exhausted by the ventilation means. As a result, the emission of formaldehyde from building materials can be attenuated at an early stage.
[0018]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
One embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
[0019]
FIG. 1 schematically shows the overall configuration of the indoor ventilation system of the present embodiment. As shown in FIG. 1, a room A has a ventilation fan device 1 as a ventilation unit and a fan as a heating unit. Heater 2, temperature sensor 3 as room temperature detecting means for detecting room temperature, human detecting device 4 as human detecting means for detecting whether or not a person is in room A, and operation of ventilation fan device 1 and fan heater 2 A controller 5 for performing control is provided.
[0020]
The human detection device 4 includes a CCD camera 6 that captures an image of the room A, and an image processing unit 7 that analyzes image data obtained by the CCD camera 6 and determines whether a person is present in the room A. Things.
[0021]
The controller 5 is an electronic circuit unit composed of a microcomputer or the like, and is wired or wirelessly connected to the ventilation fan device 1, the fan heater 2, the temperature sensor 3, and the image processing unit 7 of the human detection device 4. Communication (such as a home network, which is indicated by an arrow between the controller 5 and each of the devices 1 to 4 in the figure) enables communication (transmission and reception of various data). More specifically, the controller 5 acquires the detection data of the room temperature from the temperature sensor 3 and indicates from the image processing unit 7 of the human detection means 4 whether or not there is a person in the room A. Get human detection data. Further, the controller 5 sends the operation control commands to the ventilation fan device 1 and the fan heater 2 and acquires their operation state data and the like from the ventilation fan device 1 and the fan heater 2. Although details will be described later, the controller 5 has a function as a ventilation amount integrating means and a ventilation control means in the present invention.
[0022]
Further, the controller 5 is provided with an operation start switch 5a for instructing the controller 5 to exhaust chemical substances such as formaldehyde emitted from building materials (building materials such as walls and furniture) in the room A. I have.
[0023]
Note that the controller 5 does not necessarily need to be arranged in the room A, and may be arranged in a place different from the room A in the house. Further, the temperature sensor 3 may be replaced with a temperature sensor provided in advance in the fan heater 2.
[0024]
Next, the operation of the indoor ventilation system of the present embodiment (particularly, the control processing of the controller 5) will be described.
[0025]
When a house is newly occupied, for example, when the operation start switch 5a provided in the controller 5 is turned ON to start exhausting chemical substances such as formaldehyde, the controller 5 thereafter performs room temperature detection data and human detection data. Is sequentially obtained from the temperature sensor 3 and the human detection device 4, respectively, and the ventilation fan device 1 is controlled by the function as ventilation control means (the details of this control will be described later), and the continuous operation of the ventilation fan device 1 To start. As a result, the exhaust of chemical substances such as formaldehyde emitted from the new building material in the room A is started. At the beginning of the operation of the ventilation fan device 1, since the amount of emission of chemical substances such as formaldehyde (emission amount per unit time) emitted from new building materials is relatively large, the rotation of the fan of the ventilation fan device 1 at the beginning of the operation starts. The speed is controlled to a relatively high rotation speed.
[0026]
When the controller 5 recognizes that there is no person in the room A based on the human detection data of the human detection device 4, the controller 5 controls the fan heater 2 to start its operation (heating operation). When the room A is warmed by the operation of the fan heater 2, the emission of chemical substances such as formaldehyde from building materials in the room A is promoted. When it is detected that a person is present in the room A, the operation of the fan heater 2 is stopped or the operation stop state is maintained.
[0027]
On the other hand, while performing the operation control of the ventilation fan device 1 and the fan heater 2 as described above, the controller 5 sequentially integrates (cumulatively adds) the ventilation volume per unit time by the ventilation fan device 1 by the function of the ventilation volume integration means. To calculate the integrated ventilation volume. More specifically, the controller 5 rotates the ventilation fan device 1 every predetermined control cycle (calculation processing cycle) from when the operation of the ventilation fan device 1 is started in response to the ON operation of the operation start switch 5a. Based on the number command value or the detection value of the rotation speed sensor provided in the ventilation fan device 1, the ventilation volume per unit time of the ventilation fan device 1 is obtained, and the obtained ventilation volume is cumulatively added to calculate the integrated ventilation volume. I do. Here, the ventilation volume of the ventilation fan device 1 is more specifically the intake air volume or the exhaust air volume per unit time of the ventilation fan device 1, in other words, the air volume of the ventilation fan device 1. It should be noted that the ventilation volume of the ventilation fan device 1 may be obtained by considering not only the rotation speed of the fan of the ventilation fan device 1 but also the air pressure in the room A and the outside air pressure in order to increase the calculation accuracy, or a flow sensor. You may make it detect.
[0028]
Further, the controller 5 sequentially calculates the average value (time average value) of the room temperature detected by the temperature sensor 3 since the start of the operation of the ventilation fan device 1 as the room A room temperature history information. Specifically, this average value (hereinafter referred to as the room temperature average value) is obtained by dividing the integrated value by the elapsed time up to the present while sequentially integrating the detected room temperature from the time when the operation of the ventilation fan device 1 is started. Is calculated. Then, the controller 5 controls the ventilation volume of the ventilation fan device 1 based on the calculated integrated ventilation volume and the room temperature average value as described below.
[0029]
First, the controller 5 estimates the emission amount (the emission amount per unit time) of the chemical substance such as formaldehyde emitted from the building material in the room A based on the calculated integrated ventilation amount and the room temperature average value.
[0030]
Here, in the present embodiment, basically, the ventilation of the room A is performed with a ventilation amount necessary and sufficient to exhaust the amount of emission of the chemical substance such as formaldehyde to the outside of the room. As the amount increases, the total amount of chemical substances emitted from building materials (the integrated value of the amount emitted per unit time) monotonically increases. Therefore, the emission amount of a chemical substance such as formaldehyde from the building material (hereinafter referred to as the emission amount of the chemical substance) is attenuated as the integrated ventilation amount of the ventilation fan device 1 increases, as shown in the graph of FIG. Moreover, since the emission of chemical substances such as formaldehyde from building materials is promoted as the room temperature average value from the start of the operation of the ventilation fan device 1 is higher, the attenuation of the chemical substance emission amount is higher as the room temperature average value is higher. , Hasten. Here, in each solid line graph of FIG. 2, the lower the lower graph, the higher the room temperature average value. In addition, the vertical axis of the graph of FIG. 2 is more accurately a relative value with respect to the chemical substance emission amount (hereinafter referred to as an initial emission amount) when the operation of the ventilation fan device 1 is started, that is, when the integrated ventilation amount is 0. It is.
[0031]
Therefore, in the present embodiment, the correlation between the chemical substance emission amount (relative value to the initial emission amount), the integrated ventilation amount, and the room temperature average value as shown in the graph of FIG. Remember. Further, the initial emission amount (the emission amount of the chemical substance when the cumulative ventilation amount is 0) is obtained in advance by a trader or the like based on the total weight and type of the new building material in the room A that can emit the chemical substance. The obtained initial divergence amount is stored in the controller 5. Then, the ventilation control means of the controller 5 calculates the initial divergence of the chemical substance divergence amount based on the map data from the current value of the integrated ventilation amount obtained for each control cycle obtained as described above and the current value of the room temperature average value. The current divergence amount of the chemical substance in the room A is obtained (estimated) by calculating the decay ratio from the amount and multiplying the decay ratio by the initial divergence amount stored and held in advance. The chemical substance divergence obtained in this manner is attenuated in the form shown in the graph of FIG.
[0032]
Next, the controller 5 newly determines the basic value of the rotation speed command value that defines the ventilation amount of the ventilation fan device 1 according to the chemical substance emission amount obtained as described above. In this case, the basic value of the rotation speed command value is determined, for example, to a value proportional to the amount of emission of the chemical substance. Then, when a person is present in the room A and the fan heater 2 is not operated, the controller 5 outputs the basic value of the rotation speed command value determined as described above to the ventilation fan device 1 and issues the command. The fan of the ventilation fan device 1 is operated at the rotation speed of the value. When there is no person in the room A and the operation of the fan heater 2 (heating operation) is performed as described above, the controller 5 sets the basic value of the rotation speed command value determined as described above in advance. A rotation speed command value corrected to the increasing side by a predetermined ratio is output to the ventilation fan device 1, and the fan of the ventilation fan device 1 is operated at the rotation speed of the command value.
[0033]
In this case, since the basic value of the rotation speed command value is determined to be a value corresponding to the amount of chemical substance emission as described above, the amount of ventilation by the ventilation fan device 1 is basically the same as the graph of FIG. Therefore, it decreases with an increase in the integrated ventilation volume. For this reason, the ventilating fan device 1 operates at a necessary and sufficient degree of ventilation in exhausting the chemical substance such as formaldehyde emitted from the building material from the room A. As a result, the energy consumption of the ventilation fan device 1 can be reduced. In addition, when heating or cooling the room A, it is possible to prevent the heated air or the cooled air in the room A from being excessively exhausted by the ventilation fan device 1, so that the heating efficiency of the room A is reduced. Alternatively, the cooling efficiency can be improved.
[0034]
Furthermore, when there is no person in the room A, the heating operation of the fan heater 2 is performed to promote the emission of the chemical substance from the building material, and the rotation speed command value sent from the controller 5 to the ventilation fan device 1 is basically used. Since the correction is made to the increase side from the value, the ventilation volume of the ventilation fan device 1 increases more than when a person is in the room A. Therefore, the emission of the chemical substance from the building material can be attenuated at an early stage.
[0035]
In the present embodiment, the basic value of the rotation speed command value of the ventilating fan device 1 is determined after the chemical substance divergence amount has been obtained. For example, the map data is obtained from the integrated ventilation amount and the room temperature average value. The basic value of the rotation speed command value of the ventilation fan device 1 or the basic value of the ventilation amount corresponding to the attenuation ratio and the initial divergence amount, and the basic value of the rotation speed command value of the ventilation fan device 1 are further directly determined by map data or an arithmetic expression. The value may be determined. In order to obtain the attenuation ratio of the chemical substance divergence amount from the initial divergence amount, an arithmetic expression that approximates the characteristic as shown in the graph of FIG. 2 may be used.
[0036]
In the above-described embodiment, the fan heater 2 is provided as a heating unit. However, the heating unit according to the present invention includes, for example, an FF type hot air heater, a floor heater, an air conditioner, an electric stove, and the like. A heating device other than the heater 2 may be used.
[0037]
In addition, although the apparatus provided with the CCD camera 6 as the human detection device 4 has been described, human detection may be performed with a simple configuration using an infrared sensor.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing an overall configuration of an indoor ventilation system of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a graph for explaining an operation of a main part of the system of FIG. 1;
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... ventilation fan apparatus (ventilation means), 2 ... fan heater (heating means), 3 ... temperature sensor (room temperature detection means), 4 ... human detection apparatus (human detection means), 5 ... controller (ventilation control means, integrated ventilation volume) Calculation means).

Claims (3)

室内の空気を外部に排出する換気手段を作動させることにより、室内の建材から発散するホルムアルデヒド等の化学物質を排出する室内換気システムにおいて、
該システムの所定の運転開始操作により前記換気手段の運転を開始した時から前記換気手段の単位時間当たりの換気量を積算してなる積算換気量を求める積算換気量算出手段と、少なくとも該積算換気量算出手段により算出された積算換気量の増加に伴い、前記換気手段の単位時間当たりの換気量を減少させるように該積算換気量に応じて前記換気手段を制御する換気制御手段とを備えたことを特徴とする室内換気システム。
In an indoor ventilation system that discharges chemical substances such as formaldehyde emitted from indoor building materials by activating ventilation means that discharges indoor air to the outside,
An integrated ventilation calculating means for obtaining an integrated ventilation amount obtained by integrating a ventilation amount per unit time of the ventilation means from a time when the operation of the ventilation means is started by a predetermined operation start operation of the system; With the increase of the integrated ventilation calculated by the amount calculating means, ventilation control means for controlling the ventilation means according to the integrated ventilation so as to reduce the ventilation rate per unit time of the ventilation means. An indoor ventilation system characterized by that:
前記室内の温度を検出する室温検出手段を備え、前記換気制御手段は、前記積算換気量と前記換気手段の運転を開始した時からの該室温検出手段による検出室温の履歴情報とに応じて前記換気手段の単位時間当たりの換気量を決定することを特徴とする請求項1記載の室内換気システム。Room temperature detection means for detecting the temperature of the room, the ventilation control means, according to the integrated ventilation volume and the history information of the room temperature detected by the room temperature detection means from the start of operation of the ventilation means, The indoor ventilation system according to claim 1, wherein a ventilation amount per unit time of the ventilation means is determined. 前記室内の暖房を行う暖房手段と、室内に人が居るか否かを検知する人検知手段とを備え、前記換気制御手段は、前記人検知手段により室内に人が居ないことが検知されたときには、前記暖房手段を作動させると共に、前記人検知手段により人が居ることが検知されたときよりも前記換気手段の単位時間当たりの換気量を増量側に調整する手段を具備することを特徴とする請求項1又は2記載の室内換気システム。Heating means for heating the room, and a person detecting means for detecting whether or not a person is present in the room, wherein the ventilation control means is detected by the person detecting means that there is no person in the room Sometimes, while operating the heating means, comprising a means for adjusting the ventilation volume per unit time of the ventilation means to the increasing side than when the presence of a person is detected by the human detection means, The indoor ventilation system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein:
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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2006214687A (en) * 2005-02-07 2006-08-17 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Ventilating device and network home appliance system utilizing the same
KR101607831B1 (en) * 2015-07-31 2016-03-31 (주)Ehs기술연구소 Method for predicting indoor ventilatiory volume based on radon radiation amount of construction material and apparatus for reducing radon automatically using the same method
CN110243044A (en) * 2019-06-14 2019-09-17 嘉兴技师学院 A kind of fresh air system and method that Intelligent Indoor Air detection is adjusted
CN112815442A (en) * 2021-01-19 2021-05-18 深圳市奇信集团股份有限公司 Method for removing indoor formaldehyde by air circulation fan

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2006214687A (en) * 2005-02-07 2006-08-17 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Ventilating device and network home appliance system utilizing the same
KR101607831B1 (en) * 2015-07-31 2016-03-31 (주)Ehs기술연구소 Method for predicting indoor ventilatiory volume based on radon radiation amount of construction material and apparatus for reducing radon automatically using the same method
CN110243044A (en) * 2019-06-14 2019-09-17 嘉兴技师学院 A kind of fresh air system and method that Intelligent Indoor Air detection is adjusted
CN112815442A (en) * 2021-01-19 2021-05-18 深圳市奇信集团股份有限公司 Method for removing indoor formaldehyde by air circulation fan

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