JP2004274979A - Controller for three-phase ac generator/motor - Google Patents

Controller for three-phase ac generator/motor Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004274979A
JP2004274979A JP2003107101A JP2003107101A JP2004274979A JP 2004274979 A JP2004274979 A JP 2004274979A JP 2003107101 A JP2003107101 A JP 2003107101A JP 2003107101 A JP2003107101 A JP 2003107101A JP 2004274979 A JP2004274979 A JP 2004274979A
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Japan
Prior art keywords
phase
generator
battery
mos
potential side
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Pending
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JP2003107101A
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Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Tadashi Yamazaki
正 山嵜
Junichi Takahashi
純一 高橋
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Toyo Denso Co Ltd
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Toyo Denso Co Ltd
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Priority to JP2003107101A priority Critical patent/JP2004274979A/en
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  • Control Of Eletrric Generators (AREA)

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enhance the charging efficiency of a battery while simplifying control by reducing rectification loss when the battery is charged with a voltage generated from a three-phase AC generator/motor. <P>SOLUTION: The controller for a three-phase AC generator/motor employs an MOS-FET as a control element of each phase in a control circuit serving as a three-phase inverter circuit when it is driven as an AC three-phase motor using a battery, and functioning as a three-phase rectification circuit for charging the battery with a power generation output when it is driven as an AC three-phase generator. When it is driven as an AC three-phase generator, synchronous rectification is effected using only an MOS-FET on the negative potential side of each phase in that control circuit. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO&NCIPI

Description

【０００１】
【産業上の利用分野】
本発明は、バッテリを用いて三相交流電動機として駆動させる際の三相インバータ回路を兼ね、三相交流発電機として駆動させたときの発電出力によってバッテリを充電させる三相整流回路として機能する制御回路の通電制御を行わせる三相交流発電動機の制御装置に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
一般に、三相交流発電動機を車両に搭載して、エンジンの始動時にはバッテリを電源に用いて三相インバータ回路を介して三相交流電動機として駆動させ、エンジンの始動後には三相交流発電機として駆動させて三相整流回路を介してバッテリの充電を行わせるようにしている。
【０００３】
最近、このような三相交流発電動機を電動機として駆動するときの三相インバータ回路と三相交流発電動機を発電機として駆動するときの三相整流回路とを兼ねる制御回路にあっては、図１に示すように、Ｕ，Ｖ，Ｗ各相の制御素子にＭＯＳ・ＦＥＴ１〜６を用いて通電制御を行わせるようにしている。図中、Ｍ／Ｇは永久磁石式などによる三相交流発電動機、Ｂａｔｔはバッテリ、ＤはＭＯＳ・ＦＥＴの寄生ダイオードである。
【０００４】
従来、このような三相交流発電動機の制御回路において、三相交流発電動機Ｍ／Ｇを発電機として駆動してその発電電圧によってバッテリＢａｔｔの充電を行わせる場合、図示しないコントローラの制御下で、図２に示すように、各相における正電位側および負電位側ともにＭＯＳ・ＦＥＴ１〜６のゲートのオン、オフを行わせることによって通電制御を行わせるようにしている。
【０００５】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
解決しようとする問題点は、バッテリを用いて三相交流発電動機を電動機として駆動するときの三相インバータ回路と三相交流発電動機を発電機として駆動してバッテリを充電するときの三相整流回路とを兼ねる制御回路における各相の制御素子にＭＯＳ・ＦＥＴを用いたものにあって、バッテリ充電時の三相整流回路として機能させるに際して、各相における正電位側および負電位側のＭＯＳ・ＦＥＴ１〜６のゲート制御を行わせるのでは、各相におけるＭＯＳ・ＦＥＴ１〜６の寄生ダイオードによる整流ロスが大きくて充電効率が悪くなり、またその制御が複雑になっていることである。
【０００６】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、バッテリを用いて三相交流電動機として駆動させる際の三相インバータ回路を兼ね、三相交流発電機として駆動させたときの発電出力によってバッテリを充電させる際の三相整流回路として機能する制御回路における各相の制御素子にＭＯＳ・ＦＥＴを用いた三相交流発電動機の制御装置にあって、整流ロスを低減してバッテリの充電効率を向上させるとともに、制御を簡単にするべく、三相交流発電機としての駆動時にその制御回路における各相の負電位側のＭＯＳ・ＦＥＴのみを用いて同期整流を行わせる手段をとるようにしている。
【０００７】
【実施例】
本発明による三相交流発電動機の制御装置は、図３に示す構成にあって、三相交流発電動機Ｍ／Ｇを発電機として駆動してその発電電圧によってバッテリＢａｔｔの充電を行わせる場合、図示しないコントローラの制御下で、制御回路１におけるＵ，Ｖ，Ｗ各相の負電位側のＭＯＳ・ＦＥＴ２、ＭＯＳ・ＦＥＴ４、ＭＯＳ・ＦＥＴ６のみの各ゲートをオン，オフすることによって三相整流のための通電制御を行せるようにしている。
【０００８】
図４は、各相における負電位側の各ＭＯＳ・ＦＥＴ２，４，６のオン，オフに応じた三相整流波形（ａ）、各ＭＯＳ・ＦＥＴ２，４，６におけるドレインＤ−ソースＳ間の電圧波形（ｂ）およびＵ相を中性点とした各相の誘起電圧波形（ｃ）をそれぞれ示している。なお、各相における正電位側の各ＭＯＳ・ＦＥＴ１，３，５のゲートはオフ状態に維持されている。
【０００９】
図５は、各相における正電位側および負電位側の全てのＭＯＳ・ＦＥＴ１〜６をオフ状態にして、各寄生ダイオードＤによって三相整流を行わせたときの三相整流波形（ａ）、各ＭＯＳ・ＦＥＴ２，４，６におけるドレインＤ−ソースＳ間の電圧波形（ｂ）およびＵ相を中性点とした各相の誘起電圧波形をそれぞれ示している。図６は、そのときの制御回路１の等価回路を示している。
【００１０】
このように本発明によれば、三相交流発電動機Ｍ／Ｇの発電電圧によってバッテリＢａｔｔを充電する際に、制御回路１におけるＵ，Ｖ，Ｗ各相の負電位側のＭＯＳ・ＦＥＴ２、ＭＯＳ・ＦＥＴ４、ＭＯＳ・ＦＥＴ６のみを用いて同期整流を行わせることによって、整流ロスを低減して、バッテリＢａｔｔの充電効率を有効に高めることができるようになる。また、従来のように各相における正電位側および負電位側ともにＭＯＳ・ＦＥＴ１〜６のゲートのオン、オフ制御を行わせる場合に比して、その制御が簡単になる。
【００１１】
また、本発明によれば、三相交流発電動機Ｍ／Ｇの発電電圧によってバッテリＢａｔｔを充電する際には制御回路１における各相の正電位側のＭＯＳ・ＦＥＴ１，３，５のゲートをオフ状態に維持するようにしているので、三相交流発電動機Ｍ／Ｇが電動機として誤作動することを防止できるようになる。
【００１２】
図７は、本発明によって制御回路１におけるＵ，Ｖ，Ｗ各相の負電位側のＭＯＳ・ＦＥＴ２、ＭＯＳ・ＦＥＴ４、ＭＯＳ・ＦＥＴ６のみを用いて同期整流を行わせたときの負荷電流に対する出力電圧の特性を示している。
【００１３】
図７中、▲１▼は通常の通電タイミング時における特性を、▲２▼，▲３▼は通電タイミングを遅らせたときの各特性を、▲４▼，▲５▼は通電タイミングを早めたときの各特性をそれぞれ示している。また、図７中点線で示す特性は、各相における正電位側および負電位側ともにＭＯＳ・ＦＥＴ１〜６のゲートのオン、オフ制御を行わせたときの電流−電圧特性を示しており、▲１▼′〜▲５▼′は各相における負電位側のみを制御したときの特性▲１▼〜▲５▼にそれぞれ対応している。
【００１４】
図８は、本発明によって制御回路１におけるＵ，Ｖ，Ｗ各相の負電位側のＭＯＳ・ＦＥＴ２、ＭＯＳ・ＦＥＴ４、ＭＯＳ・ＦＥＴ６のみを用いて同期整流を行わせたときの電流−電力特性を示している。図８中点線で示す特性は、各相における正電位側および負電位側ともにＭＯＳ・ＦＥＴ１〜６のゲートのオン、オフ制御を行わせたときの負荷電流に対する出力特性を示している。
【００１５】
図９は、本発明によって制御回路１におけるＵ，Ｖ，Ｗ各相の負電位側のＭＯＳ・ＦＥＴ２、ＭＯＳ・ＦＥＴ４、ＭＯＳ・ＦＥＴ６のみを用いて同期整流を行わせたときの負荷電流に対するバッテリ充電効率の特性を示している。
【００１６】
図１０は、本発明によって制御回路１におけるＵ，Ｖ，Ｗ各相の負電位側のＭＯＳ・ＦＥＴ２、ＭＯＳ・ＦＥＴ４、ＭＯＳ・ＦＥＴ６のみを用いて同期整流を行わせたときの負荷電流に対する整流損失の特性を示している。この特性からして、本発明によれば、整流損失を常に有効に低減できることが顕著である。
【００１７】
【発明の効果】
以上、本発明は、バッテリを用いて三相交流電動機として駆動させる際の三相インバータ回路を兼ね、三相交流発電機として駆動させたときの発電出力によってバッテリを充電させる際の三相整流回路として機能する制御回路における各相の制御素子にＭＯＳ・ＦＥＴを用いた三相交流発電動機の制御装置にあって、三相交流発電機としての駆動時にその制御回路における各相の負電位側のＭＯＳ・ＦＥＴのみを用いて同期整流を行わせる手段をとるようにしたもので、整流ロスを低減してバッテリの充電効率を向上させるとともに、制御を簡単にすることができるという利点を有している。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】バッテリを電源として三相交流発電動機を電動機として駆動するときの三相インバータ回路と三相交流発電動機を発電機として駆動してバッテリを充電するときの三相整流回路とを兼ねる各相の制御素子にＭＯＳ・ＦＥＴを用いた制御回路を示す図である。
【図２】図１に示す制御回略においてバッテリ充電時に三相交流発電動機の出力電圧に応じて各相における正電位側および負電位側ともにＭＯＳ・ＦＥＴのゲートのオン、オフ制御を行わせたときのタイミングチャートである。
【図３】図１に示す制御回路にあって、本発明によって各相の負電位側のＭＯＳ・ＦＥＴのみの各ゲートをオン，オフすることによって三相整流のための通電制御を行せたときの電流の流れを示す図である。
【図４】図１に示す制御回路にあって、本発明によって各相の負電位側のＭＯＳ・ＦＥＴのみの各ゲートをオン，オフしたときの各相における負電位側の各ＭＯＳ・ＦＥＴのオン，オフに応じた三相整流波形（ａ）、各ＭＯＳ・ＦＥＴにおけるドレインＤ−ソースＳ間の電圧波形（ｂ）およびＵ相を中性点とした各相の誘起電圧波形（ｃ）をそれぞれ示す図である。
【図５】図１に示す制御回路にあって、各相における正電位側および負電位側の全てのＭＯＳ・ＦＥＴをオフ状態にして、各寄生ダイオードＤによって三相整流を行わせたときの三相整流波形（ａ）、各ＭＯＳ・ＦＥＴにおけるドレインＤ−ソースＳ間の電圧波形（ｂ）およびＵ相を中性点とした各相の誘起電圧波形をそれぞれ示す図である。
【図６】図１に示す制御回路にあって、各相における正電位側および負電位側の全てのＭＯＳ・ＦＥＴをオフ状態にして、各寄生ダイオードＤによって三相整流を行わせたときそのときの等価回路を示す図である。
【図７】本発明によって制御回路における各相の負電位側のＭＯＳ・ＦＥＴのみを用いて同期整流を行わせたときの負荷電流に対する出力電圧の特性を示す図である。
【図８】本発明によって制御回路における各相の負電位側のＭＯＳ・ＦＥＴのみを用いて同期整流を行わせたときの電流−電力特性を示す図である。
【図９】本発明によって制御回路における各相の負電位側のＭＯＳ・ＦＥＴのみを用いて同期整流を行わせたときの負荷電流に対するバッテリ充電効率の特性を示す図である。
【図１０】本発明によって制御回路における各相の負電位側のＭＯＳ・ＦＥＴのみを用いて同期整流を行わせたときの負荷電流に対する整流損失の特性を示す図である。
【符号の説明】
１ 制御回路
Ｍ／Ｇ 三相交流発電動機
Ｂａｔｔ バッテリ
Ｄ 寄生ダイオード[0001]
[Industrial applications]
The present invention relates to a control functioning as a three-phase rectifier circuit that also serves as a three-phase inverter circuit when driven as a three-phase AC motor using a battery and that charges a battery with a generated output when driven as a three-phase AC generator. The present invention relates to a control device for a three-phase alternating-current power generator for controlling power supply to a circuit.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In general, a three-phase AC generator is mounted on a vehicle, and when the engine is started, the battery is used as a power source and driven as a three-phase AC motor via a three-phase inverter circuit. When driven, the battery is charged via the three-phase rectifier circuit.
[0003]
Recently, a control circuit that functions as a three-phase inverter circuit for driving such a three-phase AC generator as a motor and a three-phase rectifier for driving the three-phase AC generator as a generator are shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 1, the control elements of the U, V, and W phases are controlled to be energized by using MOSFETs 1-6. In the figure, M / G is a three-phase AC generator of a permanent magnet type or the like, Batt is a battery, and D is a parasitic diode of a MOS-FET.
[0004]
Conventionally, in such a control circuit of a three-phase AC generator, when the three-phase AC generator M / G is driven as a generator to charge the battery Batt with the generated voltage, the battery Batt is controlled under the control of a controller (not shown). As shown in FIG. 2, the energization control is performed by turning on and off the gates of the MOSFETs 1 to 6 on both the positive potential side and the negative potential side in each phase.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The problems to be solved are a three-phase inverter circuit when driving a three-phase AC generator as a motor using a battery and a three-phase rectification when driving a three-phase AC generator as a generator to charge a battery. In the control circuit that also serves as a circuit, a MOS-FET is used as a control element for each phase, and when functioning as a three-phase rectifier circuit during battery charging, the MOS-FET on the positive potential side and the negative potential side in each phase is used. When the gates of the FETs 1 to 6 are controlled, the rectification loss due to the parasitic diodes of the MOSFETs 1 to 6 in each phase is large, the charging efficiency is deteriorated, and the control is complicated.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention also functions as a three-phase inverter circuit when driven as a three-phase AC motor using a battery, and functions as a three-phase rectifier circuit when the battery is charged with a power output when driven as a three-phase AC generator. In the control device of the three-phase AC generator using a MOSFET for each phase control element in the control circuit to reduce the rectification loss and improve the charging efficiency of the battery, and to simplify the control, When driving as a three-phase AC generator, a means for performing synchronous rectification using only the MOS-FET on the negative potential side of each phase in the control circuit is employed.
[0007]
【Example】
The control device of the three-phase AC generator motor according to the present invention has the configuration shown in FIG. 3 and drives the three-phase AC generator motor M / G as a generator to charge the battery Batt with the generated voltage. Under the control of a controller (not shown), three-phase rectification is performed by turning on / off each gate of only the MOS-FET 2, MOS-FET 4, and MOS-FET 6 on the negative potential side of each of the U, V, and W phases in the control circuit 1. Power supply control can be performed.
[0008]
FIG. 4 shows a three-phase rectified waveform (a) corresponding to the on / off state of each of the MOS-FETs 2, 4, and 6 on the negative potential side in each phase, between the drain D and the source S in each of the MOS-FETs 2, 4, and 6. A voltage waveform (b) and an induced voltage waveform (c) of each phase with the U phase as a neutral point are shown. Note that the gates of the MOS-FETs 1, 3, and 5 on the positive potential side in each phase are kept off.
[0009]
FIG. 5 shows a three-phase rectified waveform (a) when all the MOSFETs 1 to 6 on the positive potential side and the negative potential side in each phase are turned off and three-phase rectification is performed by each parasitic diode D; The voltage waveform (b) between the drain D and the source S in each of the MOSFETs 2, 4, and 6 and the induced voltage waveform of each phase with the U phase as a neutral point are shown. FIG. 6 shows an equivalent circuit of the control circuit 1 at that time.
[0010]
As described above, according to the present invention, when the battery Batt is charged by the generated voltage of the three-phase AC power generator M / G, the MOS • FET2 and the MOS2 on the negative potential side of each of the U, V and W phases in the control circuit 1 are used. By performing synchronous rectification using only the FET4 and the MOS-FET6, rectification loss can be reduced and the charging efficiency of the battery Batt can be effectively increased. In addition, the control is simpler than in the conventional case where the gates of the MOSFETs 1 to 6 are turned on and off on both the positive potential side and the negative potential side in each phase.
[0011]
Further, according to the present invention, when charging the battery Batt with the generated voltage of the three-phase AC generator motor M / G, the gates of the MOS-FETs 1, 3, and 5 on the positive potential side of each phase in the control circuit 1 are turned off. Since the state is maintained, it is possible to prevent the three-phase AC generator motor M / G from malfunctioning as an electric motor.
[0012]
FIG. 7 shows an output with respect to a load current when synchronous rectification is performed using only the MOS-FET 2, MOS-FET 4, and MOS-FET 6 on the negative potential side of each phase of U, V, and W in the control circuit 1 according to the present invention. This shows voltage characteristics.
[0013]
In FIG. 7, (1) indicates the characteristics at the time of normal energization timing, (2) and (3) indicate the respective characteristics when the energization timing is delayed, and (4) and (5) indicate the characteristics when the energization timing is advanced. Are shown, respectively. 7 indicate current-voltage characteristics when the gates of the MOSFETs 1 to 6 are turned on and off on both the positive potential side and the negative potential side in each phase. 1 'to 5' correspond to the characteristics 1 to 5 when only the negative potential side in each phase is controlled.
[0014]
FIG. 8 shows current-power characteristics when synchronous rectification is performed using only the MOS-FET 2, MOS-FET 4, and MOS-FET 6 on the negative potential side of each of the U, V, and W phases in the control circuit 1 according to the present invention. Is shown. The characteristic shown by the dotted line in FIG. 8 indicates the output characteristic with respect to the load current when the ON / OFF control of the gates of the MOSFETs 1 to 6 is performed on both the positive potential side and the negative potential side in each phase.
[0015]
FIG. 9 shows a battery with respect to a load current when synchronous rectification is performed using only the MOS.FET2, MOS.FET4, and MOS.FET6 on the negative potential side of each of the U, V, and W phases in the control circuit 1 according to the present invention. It shows the characteristics of charging efficiency.
[0016]
FIG. 10 shows rectification with respect to a load current when synchronous rectification is performed using only the MOS.FET2, MOS.FET4, and MOS.FET6 on the negative potential side of each phase of U, V, and W in the control circuit 1 according to the present invention. The loss characteristics are shown. From these characteristics, according to the present invention, it is remarkable that the rectification loss can always be effectively reduced.
[0017]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the present invention also functions as a three-phase inverter circuit when driven as a three-phase AC motor using a battery, and a three-phase rectifier circuit when the battery is charged with a generated output when driven as a three-phase AC generator. A control device for a three-phase AC generator using a MOS-FET as a control element for each phase in a control circuit functioning as a three-phase AC generator. A means for performing synchronous rectification using only the MOS-FET is used. This has the advantage that the rectification loss is reduced, the charging efficiency of the battery is improved, and the control can be simplified. I have.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 shows a three-phase inverter circuit for driving a three-phase AC generator as a motor using a battery as a power source and a three-phase rectifier circuit for charging a battery by driving the three-phase AC generator as a generator. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a control circuit using a MOS-FET as a control element for each phase.
FIG. 2 shows the control circuit shown in FIG. 1 in which the ON / OFF control of the gate of the MOSFET is performed on both the positive potential side and the negative potential side in each phase according to the output voltage of the three-phase AC generator during battery charging. It is a timing chart at the time of.
FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram showing the control circuit shown in FIG. 1. According to the present invention, the energization control for three-phase rectification can be performed by turning on / off each gate of only the MOS-FET on the negative potential side of each phase. FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a current flow at the time.
FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram of the control circuit shown in FIG. 1 in which the gates of only the MOS-FETs on the negative potential side of each phase are turned on and off according to the present invention; The three-phase rectified waveform (a) according to ON / OFF, the voltage waveform (b) between the drain D and the source S in each MOS • FET, and the induced voltage waveform (c) of each phase with the U phase as a neutral point are shown. FIG.
FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating the control circuit shown in FIG. 1 in which all the MOSFETs on the positive potential side and the negative potential side in each phase are turned off, and three-phase rectification is performed by each parasitic diode D; It is a figure which shows the three-phase rectification waveform (a), the voltage waveform (b) between drain D-source S in each MOS.FET, and the induced voltage waveform of each phase which made U phase a neutral point.
FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram showing the control circuit shown in FIG. 1 in which all the MOSFETs on the positive potential side and the negative potential side in each phase are turned off and three-phase rectification is performed by each parasitic diode D; FIG. 9 is a diagram showing an equivalent circuit at the time.
FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a characteristic of an output voltage with respect to a load current when synchronous rectification is performed using only a MOS-FET on the negative potential side of each phase in a control circuit according to the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a current-power characteristic when synchronous rectification is performed using only the MOS-FET on the negative potential side of each phase in the control circuit according to the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating characteristics of battery charging efficiency with respect to load current when synchronous rectification is performed using only the MOS-FET on the negative potential side of each phase in the control circuit according to the present invention.
FIG. 10 is a diagram showing characteristics of rectification loss with respect to load current when synchronous rectification is performed using only the MOS-FET on the negative potential side of each phase in the control circuit according to the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Control circuit M / G Three-phase AC generator motor Batt Battery D Parasitic diode

Claims (1)

バッテリを用いて三相交流電動機として駆動させる際の三相インバータ回路を兼ね、三相交流発電機として駆動させたときの発電出力によってバッテリを充電させる際の三相整流回路として機能する制御回路における各相の制御素子にＭＯＳ・ＦＥＴを用いた三相交流発電動機の制御装置にあって、三相交流発電機としての駆動時にその制御回路における各相の負電位側のＭＯＳ・ＦＥＴのみを用いて同期整流を行わせる手段をとるようにしたことを特徴とする三相交流発電動機の制御装置。In a control circuit that also functions as a three-phase inverter circuit when driven as a three-phase AC motor using a battery, and that functions as a three-phase rectifier circuit when the battery is charged by the power output when driven as a three-phase AC generator In a control device for a three-phase AC generator using a MOSFET for each phase control element, only the negative-potential-side MOSFET for each phase in the control circuit is used when driving as a three-phase AC generator. 3. A control device for a three-phase AC generator motor, wherein means for performing synchronous rectification by means of a motor is provided.
JP2003107101A 2003-03-06 2003-03-06 Controller for three-phase ac generator/motor Pending JP2004274979A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2007534284A (en) * 2003-09-24 2007-11-22 ジョンソン コントロールズ オートモティブ エレクトロニクス Synchronous rectifier device and synchronous electric machine running the device

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2007534284A (en) * 2003-09-24 2007-11-22 ジョンソン コントロールズ オートモティブ エレクトロニクス Synchronous rectifier device and synchronous electric machine running the device

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