JP2004267119A - Method and apparatus for treating starch-based farm product, and product treated thereby - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for treating a starch-based farm product by which the recovery of valuables from the starch-based farm product is facilitated, and the starch-based farm product is effectively utilized; and to provide an apparatus for treating the starch-based farm product, suitable for the practice of the treating method. <P>SOLUTION: The apparatus 1 for treating the starch-based farm product has a hydrothermal reactor 1 for decomposing the starch-based farm product by the hydrothermal reaction under a subcritical water condition, and a recovering apparatus 2 for recovering the valuables from the hydrothermally reacted product subjected to the decomposition treatment. The starch-based farm product is converted to a liquid state by the hydrothermal reaction to facilitate the recovery of the valuables. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO&NCIPI

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for treating starch-based agricultural products, and a treated product thereof, and particularly to a technique for easily recovering valuable resources from starch-based agricultural products. Here, starch-based agricultural products include, in addition to grains such as rice and wheat, potatoes such as sweet potatoes and potatoes, agricultural products containing 10% or more of starch, and starch materials made from these agricultural products such as rice flour and wheat flour. Say.
[0002]
[Prior art]
BACKGROUND ART Conventionally, for liquefaction of starch-based agricultural products, an enzymatic method using a saccharifying enzyme or the like has been known (for example, see Patent Document 1). Production of liquid sugar using starch as a raw material is an example of practical use of liquefaction by an enzymatic method.
[0003]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-9-75059
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Among starch-based agricultural products, sweet potato is known to be difficult to liquefy. When the sweet potato is liquefied using the above-described enzymatic method, fluidization is possible, but a large amount of solids remains in the liquid, and it is difficult to effectively use the processed product.
[0005]
This is because of the specificity of the starch granule cell wall structure possessed by sweet potato, that is, the cell wall exists in a form in which glucans are tightly entangled with the cellulose that forms the skeleton, and is very strong and lacks water permeability. This is because it is difficult to efficiently squeeze out the sugar solution even when saccharification is performed by the enzymatic method because of the high water retention that occurs.
[0006]
As described above, sweet potato is difficult to liquefy, and it is considered that a technique capable of directly liquefying sweet potato root mass can also liquefy other grains and potatoes.
[0007]
The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, the purpose thereof is a starch-based agricultural product that can be easily liquefied starch-based agricultural products such as sweet potato, which has been previously difficult to liquefy, It is an object of the present invention to provide a starch-based agricultural product processing apparatus suitable for carrying out this processing method.
[0008]
Further, another object of the present invention is a method for treating a starch-based agricultural product, which facilitates the recovery of valuables from the starch-based agricultural product and enables effective use of the starch-based agricultural product, and is suitable for implementing this processing method. Another object of the present invention is to provide a starch-based agricultural product processing apparatus.
[0009]
Another object of the present invention is to provide a valuable processed product obtained from starch-based agricultural products.
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In the method for treating a starch-based agricultural product of the present invention, a starch-based agricultural product is decomposed by a hydrothermal reaction under subcritical water conditions, and a valuable material is recovered from the decomposed hydrothermally-treated product. And a collecting step for solving the above-mentioned problem.
[0011]
According to this treatment method, starch-based agricultural products are decomposed by hydrothermal reaction under subcritical water conditions, whereby solid components such as polysaccharides contained in starch-based agricultural products are decomposed, and starch-based agricultural products are liquefied. Is done.
[0012]
At this time, polysaccharides are decomposed to produce umami components such as oligosaccharides and acetic acid or components having anticancer properties from monosaccharides such as glucose and disaccharides such as maltose. By recovering, effective utilization of starch-based agricultural products can be achieved.
[0013]
In addition, when a starch-based agricultural product is steamed or baked, the fragrance component of the starch-based agricultural product is scattered as a gas, whereas the fragrance component of the starch-based agricultural product liquefied by the above-described process remains. Therefore, the liquefied starch-based agricultural products can be effectively used as foods or food ingredients.
[0014]
Further, a solid-liquid separation step of solid-liquid separation of the decomposed hydrothermally treated product and recovery of a solid content may be provided. In this case, the collected solid content contains inorganic substances such as potassium, calcium, and phosphorus, and thus can be used as a fertilizer.
[0015]
In the starch-based agricultural product processing apparatus of the present invention, a starch-based agricultural product is decomposed by a hydrothermal reaction under subcritical water conditions, and a valuable material is recovered from the hydrothermally processed product that has been decomposed. The present invention has a solution to the above problem.
[0016]
According to this processing apparatus, since the above-described processing method can be carried out, starch-based agricultural products such as sweet potato, which have been difficult to liquefy, can be easily liquefied.
In addition, valuable resources can be easily collected from starch-based agricultural products, and effective utilization of starch-based agricultural products can be achieved.
[0017]
In addition, by providing a solid-liquid separator for solid-liquid separation of the decomposed hydrothermal reaction product and collecting solids, solids containing inorganic substances such as potassium, calcium, and phosphorus can be collected.
[0018]
Further, for example, a valuable material suitable for food is produced by subjecting a starch-based agricultural product to a hydrothermal reaction under subcritical water conditions at a temperature of 180 ° C to 250 ° C and a pressure of 1.0 MPa to 5.0 MPa.
[0019]
The processed product processed by the above processing apparatus can be effectively used as an umami component, an anticancer component, and the like.
[0020]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram for explaining an embodiment of a starch-based agricultural product processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, and reference numeral 1 in FIG. 1 denotes a starch-based agricultural product processing apparatus. The processing apparatus 1 for starch-based agricultural products includes a pre-processing apparatus 2 for crushing starch-based agricultural products, and a hydrothermal reaction processing apparatus 3 for liquefying the crushed starch-based agricultural products by a hydrothermal reaction under subcritical water conditions. A solid-liquid separation device 4 for solid-liquid separation of the liquefied hydrothermal reaction product, and a recovery treatment device 5 for collecting valuable resources from the solid-liquid separated liquid.
[0021]
The pretreatment device 2 has crushing means for crushing starch-based agricultural products as raw materials, and while adding water as necessary, continuously feeds starch-based agricultural products into the device with a high-pressure pump. Into a slurry. The slurry-based starch-based agricultural product is sent to the reaction chamber of the hydrothermal treatment apparatus 3 via the pump 10.
[0022]
The hydrothermal reaction treatment device 3 converts the starch-based agricultural product sent into the reaction chamber by the pump 10 under subcritical water conditions, specifically, for example, at 180 to 250 ° C., and a saturated vapor pressure corresponding to the temperature ( The composition is subjected to a hydrothermal reaction under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions (for example, about 1.0 to 5.0 MPa) to undergo compositional decomposition. The hydrothermal reaction treatment device 3 includes a pump 10 as a pressure increasing means for increasing the pressure of the starch-based agricultural product and sending it to the reaction chamber, a flow control device for controlling the flow rate of the starch-based agricultural product, and a reaction chamber for promoting the hydrothermal reaction. Stirring device for agitating starch-based agricultural products, heating device for heating the reaction chamber by induction heating, etc., and cooling device such as a heat exchanger for cooling the decomposed hydrothermal reaction product to a temperature that can be discharged downstream (Neither is shown). The processing time of the hydrothermal reaction is set according to the characteristics of the processed product, and is, for example, about 10 minutes.
[0023]
The solid-liquid separation device 4 separates the processed material after the hydrothermal reaction process into a solid processed product and a liquid processed product, sends the liquid processed product (liquid component) to a downstream recovery processing device 5 using a pump or the like, and The solid processed material (solid content) can be recovered. As the solid content collecting means, for example, a known means such as a membrane separation device, a decanter, and a filtration device is used.
[0024]
The recovery processing device 5 is for recovering valuable resources from the liquefied hydrothermal reaction product, and in this example, is for extracting components having anticancer properties. That is, the recovery processing device 5 is configured to be able to extract a high concentration of anticancer components from a liquid product of starch-based agricultural products by combining chemical methods such as extraction operation and distillation operation. It is. Note that the recovery processing device 5 may be configured to recover other valuable resources such as oligosaccharides and umami components such as acetic acid from monosaccharides such as glucose and disaccharides such as maltose, in addition to the anticancer components. Good.
[0025]
Next, a method for treating a starch-based agricultural product of the present invention based on the treatment method by the treatment apparatus 1 having such a configuration will be described. Here, a case where sweet potato is used as a raw material will be described. The sweet potato may be charged as it is to the processing apparatus 1 or may be charged after steaming. Steaming facilitates the subsequent crushing treatment.
[0026]
First, water is added to the sweet potato as needed (for example, a solid-liquid ratio of 2/1 to 1/9 (raw material / water), and in this example, a solid-liquid ratio of about 1/1). Then, the crushed sweet potato is introduced into the hydrothermal reaction apparatus 3. In the hydrothermal treatment apparatus 3, the hydrothermal reaction is performed under subcritical water conditions, for example, at a high temperature and high pressure of about 180 to 250 ° C. and a saturated vapor pressure corresponding to the temperature (for example, about 1.0 to 5.0 MPa). A reaction treatment is performed, and the sweet potato is decomposed by a hydrothermal reaction.
[0027]
By the hydrothermal reaction treatment, solid components such as polysaccharides contained in the sweet potato are decomposed, and the sweet potato is liquefied. At this time, the polysaccharide is decomposed, and umami components such as oligosaccharides and acetic acid, or components having anticancer properties are generated from monosaccharides such as glucose and disaccharides such as maltose. The processing time of the hydrothermal reaction is, for example, about 2 to 10 minutes.
[0028]
Next, the hydrothermally processed product (liquid sweet potato), which is mostly liquefied in this way, is introduced into the solid-liquid separator 4, and the hydrothermally processed product is subjected to solid-liquid separation to obtain a solid processed product. to recover. The recovered solid processed material contains, for example, inorganic substances such as potassium, calcium, and phosphorus.
[0029]
Next, the liquid processing product (liquid component) separated by the solid-liquid separation device 4 is introduced into the recovery processing device 5, and components having anticancer properties as valuables are extracted from the processed product in a high concentration state. For example, by distilling the liquid processing product, valuable resources can be concentrated and collected. In addition, the distillation treatment is preferably performed under reduced pressure since anticancer components volatilize on the vapor side when the treatment temperature increases. In addition, in the recovery processing device 5, other valuable substances such as oligosaccharides and umami components such as acetic acid may be recovered from monosaccharides such as glucose and disaccharides such as maltose, in addition to the above anticancer components. Further, the liquid separated by the solid-liquid separator 4 may be directly recovered as valuables used as food or food components.
[0030]
Here, FIG. 2 is a graph showing the results of examining the anticancer properties of liquid sweet potato (liquefied sweet potato) obtained by treating sweet potato based on the above-described treatment method. The test was performed at a treatment temperature of 200 ° C. and 250 ° C. in the hydrothermal reaction treatment. As a result, as is clear from FIG. 2, it was confirmed that the liquid sweet potato (liquefied sweet potato), which was processed according to the processing method of this example, contained an anticancer component.
[0031]
As described above, in the starch-based agricultural product processing apparatus 1 of the present example and the processing method using the same, the solid components such as polysaccharides contained in sweet potato are subjected to hydrothermal reaction under subcritical water conditions. By decomposing, a component having anticancer properties can be recovered from sweet potato. In addition, valuable substances such as oligosaccharides and umami components such as acetic acid can be recovered from monosaccharides such as glucose and disaccharides such as maltose.
[0032]
In addition, the processed product of sweet potato liquefied by the hydrothermal reaction can be effectively used as a food or a food ingredient as it is. For example, it can be used as a food additive (shochu, sweet potato flavor, vinegar, etc.). In addition, since this processed product is in a liquid state, it can be easily stored.
[0033]
In addition, in this example, since the fragrance component contained in the sweet potato hardly flies into the gas during the treatment, the sweet potato liquefied by the hydrothermal reaction has less food deterioration (deterioration such as flavor) after processing. , Maintaining the state containing the original scent component. From this point of view, this treated material has high utility value.
[0034]
That is, in the starch-based agricultural product processing apparatus 1 of the present example, valuable materials can be easily collected by liquefying the starch-based agricultural product by a hydrothermal reaction. This valuable material can be used effectively in, for example, the food field or the pharmaceutical field.
[0035]
Further, in the starch-based agricultural product processing apparatus 1 of the present example, the solid processed material remaining after the hydrothermal reaction treatment contains inorganic substances such as potassium, calcium, and phosphorus, and can be effectively used as a fertilizer, for example.
[0036]
The various shapes and combinations of the constituent members shown in the above-described embodiments are merely examples, and can be variously modified based on design requirements and the like without departing from the gist of the present invention.
[0037]
【The invention's effect】
According to the method and apparatus for treating starch-based agricultural products of the present invention, starch-based agricultural products, such as sweet potato, which have been difficult to liquefy so far, are easily liquefied by a hydrothermal reaction under subcritical water conditions. be able to.
[0038]
Further, the method and apparatus for treating starch-based agricultural products of the present invention can easily recover valuable resources from starch-based agricultural products by liquefying starch-based agricultural products by a hydrothermal reaction under subcritical water conditions. And effective utilization of starch-based agricultural products.
[0039]
Further, the treated product of the present invention can be effectively used as an umami component, an anticancer component and the like.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of an embodiment of a starch-based agricultural product processing apparatus according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the results of examining the anticancer properties of liquid sweet potato (liquefied sweet potato).
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Treatment apparatus of a starch-based agricultural product, 2 ... Pretreatment apparatus, 3 ... Hydrothermal reaction processing apparatus, 4 ... Solid-liquid separation apparatus, 5 ... Recovery processing apparatus.

Claims (6)

It is characterized by comprising a hydrothermal reaction treatment step of decomposing starch-based agricultural products by a hydrothermal reaction under subcritical water conditions, and a recovery step of collecting valuables from the hydrothermally treated product decomposed. Method for treating starch-based agricultural products. The method for treating a starch-based agricultural product according to claim 1, further comprising a solid-liquid separation step of solid-liquid separation of the decomposed hydrothermal reaction product and collecting solid content. A hydrothermal reaction apparatus for decomposing starch-based agricultural products by hydrothermal reaction under subcritical water conditions, and a recovery processing apparatus for recovering valuable resources from the hydrothermally processed reaction product that has been decomposed. Characteristic starch-based agricultural products processing equipment. The apparatus for treating a starch-based agricultural product according to claim 3, further comprising a solid-liquid separator for solid-liquid separation of the decomposed hydrothermal reaction product and recovering a solid content. An apparatus for treating a starch-based agricultural product that produces a valuable material suitable for food by a hydrothermal reaction of the starch-based agricultural product under subcritical water conditions at a temperature of 180 ° C to 250 ° C and a pressure of 1.0 MPa to 5.0 MPa. A processed product processed by the processing apparatus according to claim 1.

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