JP2004263696A - Turbo high-speed rotary apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a turbo high-speed rotary apparatus that can always maintain a fine gap during an operation in a sealing mechanism between a gas compression chamber and a motor chamber. <P>SOLUTION: A flat and disk-like resin material 8 is added between a through hole 1A and a rotary shaft 4 to the rotary shaft 4 penetrating the through hole 1A punched in a partition wall 1S between the gas compression chamber and the motor chamber. A hole having a diameter slightly smaller than the outline of the rotary shaft 4 is formed in the central part of the resin material 8, and the central part of the resin material 8 contacts with the rotary shaft 4 and bends during assembling a pump. An electric heater is installed in or near the resin material. It is slid by rotation of the rotary shaft 4 and is deformed by heating or abrasion. As a result, a fine gap is formed between the rotary shaft 4 and the resin material 8. Therefore, there is no gap between the rotary shaft 4 and the resin material 8 during stopping of the pump or at an operation starting time, but a gap required for sealing is formed by operation. When a balancing test is performed after assembling, the material is heated by the electric heater and separates from the rotary shaft 4 to allow good balancing correction. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a turbo-type high-speed rotating device applicable to, for example, a blower or the like as an electric compressor for gas circulation in a gas laser oscillator device.

  For example, in the case of a flow type carbon dioxide gas laser oscillator device, a gas mixture of carbon dioxide gas and another gas is compressed while flowing, and supplied to the laser oscillator to resonate, and a gas circulation circuit is formed in the device. I have. As a blower of one element in the configuration of the circulation circuit, a turbo-type high-speed rotating device that compresses gas by rotating a turbo blade at high speed and supplies the gas to a laser oscillator is used.

  In this type of turbo-type high-speed rotating device, a turbo blade is rotatably disposed above the housing, a mechanism for compressing and discharging gas is provided, and a motor for driving the turbo blade at high speed is provided below. It is arranged. The rotating body of the motor, including the rotor, the turbo blades, the rotating shaft, and the like, is supported by a mechanical bearing system, and is provided with oil lubrication means. For this reason, oil mist is generated, but a method is employed in which the oil mist is exhausted by a vacuum pump so as not to be exhausted together with the gas compression (see Patent Document 1).

  The specific configuration of this turbo-type high-speed rotating device is as shown in FIG. 13, in which a turbo blade 7 is rotatably disposed inside the housing 1 above and above the turbo blade 7 at a high speed. A motor 2 for rotational driving is provided, and both are connected by a rotating shaft 4. The motor 2 includes an electrode coil 2K fixed to the housing 1 and a rotor 2M fixed to the rotating shaft 4 corresponding to the electrode coil 2K. Is supplied.

The rotating shaft 4 is rotatably held in the housing 1 via an upper rolling bearing 5 and a lower rolling bearing 6, and a turbo blade 7 is fixed to a mounting shaft 4S formed above the rotating shaft 4. Have been. A rotating body composed of the motor 2, the rotor 2M and the rotating shaft 4 is held by an upper rolling bearing 5 and a lower rolling bearing 6 constituting a bearing mechanism. The upper rolling bearing 5 and the lower rolling bearing 6 are disposed in the motor chamber M. When the turbo blade 7 is driven to rotate at a high speed by the motor 2, the gas is sucked from the intake port 1K, compressed and exhausted. It is discharged from the mouth 1H. A gas compression chamber C is formed from the intake port 1K to the exhaust port 1H. The gas from the exhaust port 1H is supplied to the laser oscillator (not shown) through the gas circulation circuit (not shown) as described above.

  As shown in FIG. 13, a hollow hole 4H is formed on the axis of the rotating shaft 4, and a lower portion of the hollow hole 4H has a tapered shape in which the inner hole expands upward. Is immersed in oil L for lubrication. Therefore, the lubricating oil L that has penetrated into the lower region of the hollow hole 4H moves upward in the hollow hole 4H under the action of the centrifugal force due to the rotation of the rotary shaft 4, and this action causes the hollow hole 4H to move upward. 4H exhibits a pump function. In this way, the lubricating oil L is sequentially sent upward, and is discharged outward from the injection hole 4T to cool the motor 2 and lubricate the upper rolling bearing 5 and the lower rolling bearing 6. After lubrication and cooling, the lubricating oil L is again stored in the lower oil tank 1Y, and is again sucked up and circulated.

  As described above, the lubricating oil L circulates and lubricates the upper rolling bearing 5 and the lower rolling bearing 6, and due to this lubrication, a spray-like oil L (oil mist) is present particularly in the motor chamber M. It will float. The presence of the sprayed oil L in the motor chamber M improves the lubrication of the upper rolling bearing 5 and the lower rolling bearing 6 and the like. However, when the oil mist flows into the gas compression chamber C, it flows into a laser oscillator or the like, and the laser mist flows. Lowers the oscillation function.

  For this reason, the gas compression chamber C and the motor chamber M are shut off by the seal portion S. That is, the housing 1 is provided with a through hole 1A having a minimum diameter within a range in which the rotating shaft 4 can penetrate in a non-contact manner above the upper rolling bearing 5, and a seal portion S is formed in cooperation with the rotating shaft 4. You. As the seal portion S, for example, a labyrinth seal shown in the illustrated example is applied. In the seal portion S formed by the labyrinth seal, the gap between the rotating shaft 4 and the through hole 1A is usually set to several tens of microns. In addition to the labyrinth seal, a method of airtight (contact) sealing in which oil L is interposed in a sliding portion to be sealed is also adopted. In the case of this airtight (contact) seal, it is necessary to use a peripheral speed of 10 to 15 meters or less per second (rubber type) or 5 to 15 meters or less (polytetrafluoroethylene type).

On the other hand, the motor chamber M is evacuated to a vacuum by an externally provided vacuum pump VP via an exhaust pipe R. This is to prevent the motor chamber M from being filled with the mist of the lubricating oil L and leaking into the gas compression chamber C from a small gap in the seal portion S as described above.
JP 2000-209815 A

  The conventional sealing mechanism has the following problems. That is, in the case of the labyrinth seal method, it is necessary to provide a plurality of small irregularities on the peripheral surface of the rotating shaft 4 and the inner peripheral surface of the through hole 1A, or any one of these surfaces, which makes the processing difficult and increases the cost. Have a problem. Further, in the labyrinth seal method, the gap is several tens of microns, and when the rotating shaft 4 is eccentric in this gap, the contact or fusion due to the vibration of the rotating shaft 4 or the amount of leakage from the sealing gap increases. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the processing accuracy and the assembly accuracy of the labyrinth seal.

On the other hand, in the case of the air-tight (contact) sealing method in which the oil L is interposed, as described above, the peripheral speed must be 5 to 15 meters per second or less, and the lubricating oil (oil L) is always slid. Must be present in moving parts. Therefore, it is necessary to pay attention to refueling. As described above, for example, in the case of a blower, the peripheral speed becomes excessively large, and when the lubricating oil (oil L) runs out, the peripheral surface of the seal portion S is damaged, and gas leakage from this defective portion is severe, and Has a problem that internal leakage occurs.
Furthermore, in the manufacturing process of such a turbo-type high-speed rotating device, it should be noted that a slight unbalance is not allowed because the rotating portion is driven to rotate at a very high speed. Therefore, a balance test is performed to ensure the balance of the rotating part (entire rotating body). Then, if there is an imbalance, a correction for removing the imbalance is performed. The balance test, that is, the balance test, is performed by testing with a testing machine that rotates the entire rotating body at a high speed. Becomes impossible. This does not provide a perfect balance.
An object of the present invention is to provide a turbo-type high-speed rotating device that solves such a problem.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a turbo-type high-speed rotating device provided by the present invention has a sealing mechanism between a rotating shaft and a through hole in a partition wall between a gas compression chamber and a pump chamber as follows. That is, a resin material is provided from the entire inner peripheral surface side of the through hole toward the entire peripheral surface of the rotating shaft. When the pump is assembled, the resin material comes into contact with the entire peripheral surface of the rotating shaft, and when the pump is operated, the resin material is deformed by heat or wear due to sliding contact with the rotating shaft, and a gap having a sealing function is formed between the resin and the rotating shaft. Is done.

Further, according to the present invention, the resin material provided between the inner peripheral surface of the through hole and the entire peripheral surface of the rotating shaft is such that a portion close to the rotating shaft is bent toward the motor chamber due to the pressure on the compression chamber side. It has elasticity. More specifically, the resin material is formed by bending the middle to inner ends thereof so that the resin material has a spring function.
Therefore, the resin material is deformed by the rotation drive, and a gap suitable for the sealing function is formed around the rotation shaft. In addition, since it has elasticity, the central portion side of the resin material can be bent due to the pressure difference.
Further, in the present invention, an electric heater is provided inside or near a resin material as a seal member. By installing the electric heater, the resin material is heated and raised in temperature, so that the resin material expands and expands, thereby separating from the rotating shaft and obtaining a non-contact state with the rotating shaft.

The turbo type high-speed rotating device provided by the present invention is as described in detail above, and has the following effects.
(1) When the pump is stationary and when the operation starts, there is a contact and sliding between the resin material and the rotating shaft, but a non-contact and long-life sealing mechanism is provided during operation.
(2) Means and work for centering are not required due to the spring effect due to the elasticity of the resin material, and the cost is reduced.
(3) The amount of wear can be reduced, and the sliding torque during high-speed rotation can be suppressed by expanding the resin material due to heat generation. Therefore, wear deterioration can be suppressed and a gap can be secured, and there is no sliding. Can be realized.
(4) Although it is impossible to realize a gap of several microns with a conventional seal mechanism using a metal-to-metal structure, the seal mechanism according to the present invention can easily realize a minute gap and has a very large pressure loss. And gas consumption can be reduced.
(5) In the case of the embodiment in which the resin material is bent in a conical shape, the spring effect can be more sufficiently exerted, so that even if there is a variation in manufacturing, the initial sliding torque can be appropriately reduced by changing the angle of the cone. .
(6) In the balance correcting operation in the manufacturing process, the resin material can be made in a non-contact state with the rotating shaft by the electric heater, so that a complete balance correction can be performed.
The present invention provides a turbo-type high-speed rotating machine which is economical and excellent in performance due to the above characteristics.

  The present invention relates to a turbo wing for performing gas compression, a motor for rotating the turbo wing at a high speed, a vertically arranged rotating shaft connecting the two, and a bearing mechanism for rotatably holding the rotating shaft. A partition wall for partitioning a gas compression chamber in which the turbo wings are disposed, and a motor chamber in which the bearing mechanism and the motor are disposed, and a through-hole for penetrating the rotary shaft is formed in the partition wall. In addition, a sealing mechanism is provided between the through hole and the rotating shaft, and in a high-speed rotating device that compresses gas from an intake port and discharges the gas to an exhaust port by high-speed rotation driving of the turbo blade, the sealing mechanism is characterized by improvement of the sealing mechanism. have. This seal mechanism is made of a resin material provided from the entire inner peripheral surface of the through hole toward the rotation shaft. When the pump is assembled, the resin material comes into contact with the entire peripheral surface of the rotating shaft, and when the pump is operated, the resin material is deformed so as to form a gap having a sealing function with the rotating shaft due to heat generation or wear caused by sliding contact with the rotating shaft. Further, the resin material is configured to operate so as to release contact with the entire peripheral surface of the rotating shaft, for example, at one time in the manufacturing process. For this purpose, an electric heater is provided for heating the inside of or near the resin material, for example, the fixture itself of the resin material. The resin material is separated from the entire peripheral surface of the rotating shaft by expansion and expansion due to the heating. When the electric heater is installed inside the resin material, the configuration becomes simple and ideal.

  Hereinafter, the configuration and operation of the turbo type high-speed rotating device of the present invention will be described with reference to the embodiment shown in FIG. In the following description, the turbo type high-speed rotating device will be described using the configuration shown in FIG. 1 and 2 are cross-sectional views showing, in an enlarged manner, a portion of a seal mechanism formed between a housing 1 and a rotating shaft 4 in a turbo-type high-speed rotating device, and explain a basic configuration of the present invention. FIG. A resin material 8 is provided from the entire inner peripheral surface side of the through hole 1A formed in the partition wall 1S to the entire outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft 4. Specifically, the resin material 8 has a disk shape, a hole formed in the center, and a shape in which the rotating shaft 4 is penetrated.

  FIG. 1 is an enlarged view of a main part showing a state in which a resin material 8 is attached from the entire inner peripheral surface side of the through hole 1A to the entire outer peripheral surface of the rotary shaft 4, that is, a state in assembling a pump with the resin material 8 attached. FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a main part showing a state when the resin material 8 is changed by a pump operation.

  The disk-shaped resin material 8 having a certain thickness is placed on a step 1D having an outer peripheral portion formed on the upper surface of the partition wall 1S, and is further clamped by a holding member 9, thereby forming an inner peripheral portion of the through hole 1A. It is attached to the surface. As shown in the drawing, the inner diameter of the inner hole of the resin material 8 is set to be slightly smaller than the outer diameter of the rotary shaft 4. As shown in the figure, the bent portion is in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft 4. The resin material 8 has elasticity because the material is resin, and can be bent as shown in the drawing. Reference numeral 10 denotes a fixing screw for fixing the presser 9 to the step 1D on the upper surface of the partition wall 1S.

  The resin material 8 is configured as a material having a property of being deformed by heat generation or wear by sliding contact with the rotating shaft 4. Therefore, after assembling the pump, the pump is operated, and the resin material 8 comes into sliding contact with the rotating shaft 4 and is deformed as shown in FIG. Due to this deformation, the inner end of the resin material 8 is separated from the outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft 4, and a gap CL is formed between the outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft 4 and the inner end of the resin material 8. This gap CL is formed on the order of several microns. Therefore, an appropriate gap CL is automatically formed between the resin material 8 and the rotating shaft 4 by the operation of the pump.

  FIGS. 3 and 4 show a resin material 8T which is formed in a conical shape by bending a disk having a certain thickness from the middle to the inner end. FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a main part showing a state at the time of assembling the pump provided with the resin material 8T, and FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a main part showing a state when the pump is operated to change the resin material 8T. is there.

  As shown in the figure, when attaching the resin material 8T, the inner tip portion is brought into contact with the outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft 4. In this case, the resin material 8T is formed so as to have a spring effect and exhibit a function as a spring material. Therefore, stress concentration when the resin material 8T is in sliding contact with the rotating shaft 4 and a thermal load is applied can be reduced, and detachment (escape) from the outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft 4 becomes easy. Since the resin material 8T slides on the rotating shaft 4 and generates heat and is exposed to high temperatures, it is desirable to use a material having high heat resistance as the material. Of course, it is not limited to this material. With such a configuration, for example, when the gas compression chamber C is at a high pressure, the bent portion of the resin material 8T is further bent as shown in FIG. Enable. In the case of the resin material 8T having the shape shown in FIG. 3, the interference can be adjusted because it has a spring effect.

FIGS. 5 to 7 show three examples in which the interference is different depending on the state of heat transfer when assembling the conical resin material 8T. FIGS. 5 to 7 show a state (A) showing an open state and a figure (B) showing a state where the resin material 8T is brought into contact with the outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft 4 and change the resin material 8T by operating the pump. The three figures in FIG. (C) showing the state after the application are provided as a set.
First, FIG. 5 shows an example in which the interference of the resin material 8T exceeds the amount by which the inner diameter expands due to the heat transfer from the partition wall 1S (an example of a large interference). The inner diameter expands due to rapid heat generation due to the sliding, and the interference is eliminated as shown in FIG. (B), and the heat transfer from the partition wall 1S is mainly performed when the interference becomes zero. As shown in FIG. 7C, the temperature of the resin material 8T decreases, the inner diameter shrinks, and the resin material 8T slides. This is an example in which it is difficult to form an appropriate gap in a steady operation by repeating such an operation.

FIG. 6 shows an example in which the interference of the resin material 8T is slightly smaller than the amount of expansion of the inner diameter due to the heat transfer from the partition wall 1S as shown in FIG. . After the inner diameter is expanded by rapid heat generation due to the sliding, the inner diameter is expanded by heat transfer from the partition wall 1S to form an extremely small gap as shown in FIG. The interference is an example in which a small and appropriate gap CL as shown in FIG. 2 is formed.
FIG. 7 shows an example (an example of a small interference) in which the interference of the resin material 8T has a small or zero expansion amount of the inner diameter due to the heat transfer from the partition wall 1S. After the inner diameter is expanded by rapid heat generated by sliding due to heat transfer from the partition wall 1S after the start of operation, the inner diameter is expanded by heat transfer from the partition wall 1S to form a gap as shown in FIG. . FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a difference between three examples having different interferences.

  That is, in FIG. 8, the vertical axis represents the operation time, and the horizontal axis represents the magnitude of the initial interference. As is apparent from the figure, the left area is “low operating margin”, the right area is “high operating margin”, and the middle area is “appropriate operating margin”. In the “close operation margin during operation” in the left region, a clearance is generated between the rotating shaft 4 and the resin material 8 during operation. On the other hand, in the right-hand area “Driving allowance during operation”, the rotating shaft 4 and the resin material 8 (including the resin material 8T, the same applies hereinafter) slide during operation. In the intermediate region, when "the interference during operation is appropriate", the interval between the rotating shaft 4 and the resin material 8 has an extremely small clearance during the operation, and the operation is properly performed.

In FIG. 8, the upper limit of the initial interference is a point at which the pressing force due to sliding becomes excessive due to excessive interference at the time of initial assembly and damage is caused during long-time operation. The figure shows a point where the gap during operation becomes large due to the small interference at the time of initial assembly, and the state where the amount of gas leakage becomes excessive occurs.
Therefore, it is necessary to set the range of the initial interference between the lower limit point and the upper limit point. By setting at the intermediate point, the clearance between the rotating shaft 4 and the resin material 8 is maintained at an extremely small clearance even during long-time operation, so that excessive pressing and excessive gas leakage do not occur.

FIG. 9 to FIG. 12 show an embodiment in which the resin material 8 </ b> T can be temporarily released from contact with the rotating shaft 4. FIG. 9 shows a state in which an electric heater 11 is installed above a retainer 9 for attaching the resin material 8T. The electric heater 11 generates heat when supplied with electric energy from the lead wire 12, and the resin material 8T expands and expands as shown in FIG.
FIG. 11 shows an example in which the heating wire 13 is embedded in the resin material 8K itself. The heating wire 13 is shown in a bent shape because it is embedded in the resin material 8K, but may be a planar heating wire. The heating wire 13 is heated by receiving the supply of electric energy from the lead wire 14, and the resin material 8K expands and expands. Then, the contact with the rotating shaft 4 is released as shown in FIG. The supply of electric energy is performed by turning on and off a switch (not shown), and these operating devices are installed in, for example, a balance testing machine. The same reference numerals in FIGS. 9 to 12 as those in FIGS. 1 to 4 are the same as those in FIGS. 1 to 4, and the detailed description thereof will be omitted.

Although the high-speed rotating device provided by the present invention has been described in detail above, the configuration of the invention is not limited to the configuration described above or shown in the illustrated examples, but includes various modifications.
First, the shape of the resin material 8 or the resin material 8T is a flat disk shape in the illustrated example. However, the shape is not limited to a flat plate shape. A uniform lump of resin material may be provided on the inner peripheral surface of the through hole 1A. Alternatively, a resin material in which the resin material 8 is extended in a direction perpendicular to the rotation shaft 4 to seal the through hole 1A may be used. The present invention also includes an example in which the resin material 8 that seals the through hole 1A is deformed due to heat generation and wear caused by the operation of the pump, and a minute and appropriate gap CL is formed between the resin material 8 and the rotating shaft 4. However, in the present invention, as shown in the embodiment, an example in which a plate-shaped spring function is provided is advantageous because an appropriate gap is easily formed.

  Next, a method of attaching the resin material 8 or the resin material 8T to the inner peripheral surface of the through-hole 1A is not limited to a configuration in which the resin material 8 or the resin material 8T is held in a sandwiching manner as in the illustrated example. It is also possible to form a large unevenness on the inner peripheral surface of the through hole 1A and inject and adhere the resin material 8. Alternatively, a welding method may be used. Further, the material of the resin material 8 is not limited to a rubber-based or polytetrafluoroethylene-based material, and any resin material 8 or 8T having an elastic property and exhibiting a spring effect can be applied. . The configuration of the partition wall 1S is not necessarily integral with the housing 1, and the housing 1 and its members may form the partition wall 1S with a foreign material interposed in the housing 1.

1 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view showing a main part of a basic configuration of the present invention. 1 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view showing a main part of a basic configuration of the present invention. FIG. 3 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view showing a main part of a specific configuration of the present invention. FIG. 3 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view showing a main part of a specific configuration of the present invention. FIG. 2 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view showing a main part for describing the configuration of the present invention. FIG. 2 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view showing a main part for describing the configuration of the present invention. FIG. 2 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view showing a main part for describing the configuration of the present invention. It is a figure for illustrating the characteristic of the present invention. It is a longitudinal section showing the composition of the important section of the present invention. It is a figure showing operation of an important section of the present invention. It is a longitudinal section showing the composition of the important section of the present invention. It is a figure showing operation of an important section of the present invention. It is a longitudinal section showing the composition of the conventional high-speed rotating device.

Explanation of reference numerals

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Housing 1A Through-hole 1H Exhaust port 1K Intake port 1Y Oil tank 1D Step part 2 Motor 2K Electrode coil 2M Rotor 3 Inverter 4 Rotating shaft 4S Mounting shaft 4H Hollow hole 4T Injection hole 5 Upper rolling bearing 6 Lower rolling bearing 7 Turbo blade Reference Signs List 8 resin material 8K resin material 8T resin material 9 retainer 10 fixing screw 11 electric heater 13 electric heating wire 12 lead wire 14 lead wire R exhaust pipe VP vacuum pump C gas compression chamber M motor chamber S seal portion L oil 1S partition wall CL gap

Claims (4)

  A turbo-blade for performing gas compression, a motor for rotating the turbo-blade at a high speed, a vertically arranged rotating shaft connecting the two, a bearing mechanism for rotatably holding the rotating shaft, and the turbo-blade And a partition wall for partitioning the motor chamber in which the gas compression chamber and the bearing mechanism and the motor are disposed, and a through-hole for penetrating the rotary shaft is formed in the partition wall. And a rotary shaft, a seal mechanism is provided, and high-speed rotating equipment that compresses a gas from an intake port and discharges the gas to an exhaust port by high-speed rotation driving of the turbo blade, wherein the seal mechanism includes the entirety of the through hole. It is composed of a resin material attached from the inner peripheral surface to the rotating shaft, and this resin material contacts the entire peripheral surface of the rotating shaft when assembling the pump, and rotates due to heat or wear caused by sliding contact with the rotating shaft when the pump is operating. Between the axis Turbo-type high-speed rotating equipment, characterized by deformed to a gap having Lumpur function is formed.   2. The turbo-type high-speed rotating device according to claim 1, wherein the resin material has a constant thickness and has elasticity such that a portion from a middle stage to an inner end thereof can be bent by a pressure on the compression chamber side.   2. The turbo-type high-speed rotating device according to claim 1, wherein the resin material has a conical shape bent from a middle stage to an inner end thereof.   The turbo-type high-speed rotating device according to claim 2 or 3, wherein an electric heater is provided inside or near the resin material.

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