【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、一般住宅をはじめとする建物屋根の棟部に設けられ、棟瓦と地瓦との隙間から換気する棟換気用部材及びこれを用いた棟換気構造に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
従来より、棟瓦と地瓦との隙間から換気する棟換気装置としては様々の形態が提案されているが、特に屋根の棟部に設けられた換気装置の代表例として特許文献１に記載されたものが知られている。
【０００３】
該文献によれば、図１６に示したように、垂木や野地板などからなり両流れ屋根面を形成する屋根地３３の頂部には隙間が設けられ、この隙間は、屋根裏に滞留する熱気や臭気が自然上昇力によって上昇し最初に集合して通過する屋根換気通路３４となる。そして屋根換気通路３４を跨ぐように立設させた第１換気口３５を有する補助部材３６が設けられ、さらに、この補助部材３６の外側には隙間を設けて立設すると共に、第２換気口３７が穿設され、且つ中央に棟木３８を支持する棟木支持部材３９が設けられ、これら補助部材３６及び棟木支持部材３９は屋根地３３に釘等（図示せず）によって固定される。
【０００４】
一方、屋根地３３の頂部付近には桟木４０を固定した後、この桟木４０に沿って桟瓦４１が掛止される。さらに、この桟瓦４１のうえには密封部材４２を介して第３換気口４３及び第４換気口４４を有する通気形成部材４５が釘等（図示せず）によって棟木３８に固定される。そして、この通路形成部材４５の上に棟瓦４６が載置され、長寸釘、ビス等の固定具４７によって棟木３８に固定され、更に、この棟瓦４６の裏面と通路形成部材４５との間に換気通路４８が形成される。
【０００５】
かかる構成によって、屋根地の頂部に向かって下から上昇してくる空気は矢印Ｋで示したように屋根換気通路３４を通過した後、第１、第２換気口３５、３７をジグザグに通過し、さらに換気通路４８の第３、第４換気口４３、４４を通過して排出される（気流の流れを実線矢印で示す）。
【０００６】
【特許文献１】
特許２９０１１８０号公報（図１）
【０００７】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、上記従来の換気棟装置においては、通常は下から屋根地の頂部に向かって上昇する熱気・湿気・臭気等を伴う汚染空気は、屋根換気通路３４を通過し、続いて第１、第２換気口３５、３７をジグザグに通過し、最後に上面が棟瓦４６で形成される換気通路４８の第３、第４換気口４３、４４を通過して棟瓦４６の先端部から自然上昇力によって排出されるものであるが、例えば、台風時のように異常に風雨が強いようなときには桟瓦４１と棟瓦４６の瓦先端部４９とで形成される隙間から逆流する場合がある。
【０００８】
また、換気通路４８の上面を形成する棟瓦４６は、大抵の場合、裏面の先端部付近はゆう薬が施されているが、それよりも内側はゆう薬は施されず素地のままの状態である場合が普通で、したがって、通常時の換気のときは良いとしても、台風時のように異常に風雨が強いときには、外から侵入してくる雨水が棟瓦４６の素地状態の裏面に接触し濡らすことになる。したがって、これら雨水によって棟瓦４６の裏側が湿潤状態となり、材料を腐食させ耐久性が損なわれるという問題がある。また、棟瓦４６を葺く施工時において、一般に、換気通路４８の下面を形成する通路形成部材４５と棟瓦４６との間に棟瓦４６のレベル調整用の葺土を敷設するが、この葺土により換気通路４８が狭められ適切な換気量が確保出来ないという問題があった。
【０００９】
更にまた、換気通路４８を形成するもう一方の側面は、鋼板等を板金加工して形成した通路形成部材４５であり、この部材の完成には、孔明け加工、曲げ加工、切断加工を伴いコスト高になるという問題があった。
【００１０】
本発明は、上記諸課題に鑑み、裏面が素焼き状態の棟瓦を利用しても棟換気構造としての耐久性を確保すると共に、そのコスト低減を図ることを主目的する。
【００１１】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記目的を達成するために、本発明の第１は、上面部材Ｘと下面部材Ｙとを、適宜間隔を置いて配置された接続部材Ｚで連結してなり、隣接する接続部材Ｚと接続部材Ｚとの間に形成される空間部を換気路としたことを特徴とする棟換気用部材を内容とする（請求項１）。
【００１２】
好ましい態様としての請求項２は、下面部材Ｙに折り返し部を延設した請求項１記載の棟換気用部材である。
【００１３】
好ましい態様としての請求項３は、上面部材Ｘの表面の長手方向にレベル調整材用堰を突設した請求項１又は２記載の棟換気用部材である。
【００１４】
好ましい態様としての請求項４は、上面部材Ｘの長手方向の一端部に風雨制御板を延設した請求項１、２又は３記載の棟換気用部材である。
【００１５】
好ましい態様としての請求項５は、下面部材Ｙの長手方向の一端部に風雨制御板を延設した請求項１〜４のいずれか１項に記載の棟換気用部材である。
【００１６】
好ましい態様としての請求項６は、棟木固定具との係合部を設けた請求項１〜５のいずれか１項に記載の棟換気用部材である。
【００１７】
好ましい態様としての請求項７は、下面部材Ｙの裏面にクッション材を設けた請求項１〜６のいずれか１項に記載の棟換気用部材である。
【００１８】
好ましい態様としての請求項８は、アルミ又は樹脂を押出成形してなる請求項１〜７のいずれか１項に記載の棟換気用部材である。
【００１９】
また、本発明の第２は、請求項１〜８のいずれか１項に記載の棟換気用部材を、棟瓦と地瓦との間に配設したことを特徴とする棟換気構造を内容とする（請求項９）。
【００２０】
好ましい態様としての請求項１０は、上面部材Ｘの表面にレベル調整材を充填した請求項９記載の棟換気構造である。
【００２１】
【作用】
本発明の棟換気構造は、上下方向に適宜間隔を置いて配置された上面部材Ｘと下面部材Ｙとを、水平方向に適宜隙間を置いて順次接続部材Ｚを並設・連結し、隣接する接続部材Ｚと接続部材Ｚとの間に形成される空間部を換気路としたことにより、別に穿設加工を施すことなく容易に棟換気用部材を形成できる。また、接続部材Ｚの間隔を調節することにより、所望の換気路を形成することが可能である。
【００２２】
また、下面部材Ｙに折り返し部を延設することにより、上面部材Ｘと下面部材Ｙと接続部材Ｚとの固定をビスによって簡単に固着自在にできると共に、外部からの雨風の侵入を阻止する遮蔽板の役割を果たすものである。
【００２３】
また、上面部材Ｘの表面の長手方向にレベル調整材用堰止部を突設することにより、ここに葺土（漆喰、モルタル、粘土等）を置いて棟瓦のレベルを調整する際、葺土が置き易く好都合である。
【００２４】
また、上面部材Ｘや下面部材Ｙの長手方向の一端部に風雨制御板を延設することにより、外からの風雨の流入が抑制される。
【００２５】
更に、棟換気用部材、とりわけ上面部材Ｘの端縁部に棟木固定具との係合部を設けることにより、換気通路の上面壁として遮蔽する機能を有すると共に、棟換気用部材を配設する際、あるいは葺土等を置きながら棟瓦（地瓦）を葺く際に、該係合部を支点にして該棟換気用部材の傾きが自在に調節され、棟換気構造として異常応力等は発生することがなく且つ施工性に優れる。また、施工後に、地震等により負荷が加わった場合においても応力均衡作用が働き、棟換気部材及び棟換気構造の耐久性が向上する。
【００２６】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の棟換気用部材及びこれを用いた棟換気構造の実施例を図面に基づいて説明するが、本発明はこれらにより何等限定されるものではない。
【００２７】
実施例１
本発明の実施例１における棟換気構造１は、図１、図２に示すように、断面視が平板状で、且つその下面から延設されたＬ字状及び逆Ｌ字状の嵌着体２を有する長尺の上面部材Ｘ３及び下面部材Ｙ４を、それぞれの嵌着体２同士を対向させて配置し、平面視エ字状で幅Ｗの接続部材Ｚ５によって有機的に連結形成した形態であって、上面部材Ｘ３と下面部材Ｙ４のそれぞれの嵌着体２に、接続部材Ｚ５をピッチＰの間隔を置いて複数個配置して固定される。そして、これら上面部材Ｘ３、下面部材Ｙ４及び左右の嵌着体２によって形成される空間部を換気路６としている。なお、実際の施工においては、長手方向の左右両端のそれぞれには平板（図示せず）で遮蔽して換気通路として完成させる。
上面部材Ｘ３、下面部材Ｙ４及び接続部材Ｚ５のサイズは特に制限はないが、例えば幅４０〜１００ｍｍ、長さ３００〜２０００ｍｍ程度のものが取り扱い性や施工性の点から好ましい。また、接続部材Ｚ５の幅Ｗは３０〜５０ｍｍ、高さは５〜２０ｍｍ程度から選べばよい。
【００２８】
また、接続部材Ｚを配設する際の間隔ピッチＰも特に制限はないが、例えば、１００〜５００ｍｍ程度から選択することができる。また、図１では上面部材Ｘ３の方が下面部材Ｙ４よりも大きく描かれているが同寸法であっても良く、これらの各寸法は棟換気構造の施工仕様に対応して決められる。
【００２９】
このように、上面部材Ｘ３、下面部材Ｙ４、接続部材Ｚ５からなる棟換気用部材１は、これまでのように各部材に換気口を穿設加工して形成する必要がなく、したがって、これら上面部材Ｘ３、下面部材Ｙ４、接続部材Ｚ５はアルミや樹脂の押出成形加工が可能であり、これによって大幅なコストダウンが図られる。また、上面部材Ｘ３、下面部材Ｙ４には剛性を増大する方向に作用するＬ字状の嵌着体２が形成されたうえ、これら２部材を剛性に優れたエ字状の接続部材Ｚ５により嵌着体２を介して連結しているので、十分な構造強度が確保される。
【００３０】
なお、上面部材Ｘ３、下面部材Ｙ４、接続部材Ｚ５は、通常、嵌着体２におけるカシメ加工、ビス、溶接、溶着、接着剤などにより接合されるが、煩雑さを避けるため、原則として図示しない。以下においても同様である。
【００３１】
実施例２
実施例２の棟換気用部材１は、図３に示すように、上面部材Ｘ３はその両端部から嵌着体３を設けている他は、実施例１に示した棟換気用部材と同様である。このように、嵌着体２を両端に設けることにより、上面部材Ｘ３はその全幅に亘って接続部材Ｚとの２層構造となるので剛性強度は一層強化され、棟瓦のレベルを調整するために葺土を置いたり、また棟瓦の負荷が直接掛かってもその荷重に充分耐えられるというメリットがある。
【００３２】
実施例３
実施例３の棟換気用部材１は、図４に示すように、上面部材Ｘ３は前述の実施例２と同様であり、下面部材Ｙ４は、この一側端から垂設する垂設部７、その先端からさらに中心方向に水平に延設した水平部８、この水平部８の途中から下方に垂設した垂下部９からなる折り返し部１０を形成し、一方、接続部材Ｚ５には、前記下面部材Ｙ４の水平部８の先端部と嵌合する接続凹部１１と、垂設部７と垂下部９とで形成される接続凹部１２に嵌合する接続凸部１３とが形成され、長尺物である上面部材Ｘ３と下面部材Ｙ４、及び幅Ｗの接続部材Ｚ５とは、ビス１４によって一体的に固定される形態である。
【００３３】
このような形態によれば、前記の実施例と同様、棟換気用部材としての機能が十分に発揮されると共に、上面部材Ｘ３と下面部材Ｙ４と接続部材Ｚ５の３者を一般に簡易な固定手段として用いられるビス１４を用いて下面部材Ｙ４（下層の）の裏側に突出させることなく一体化することが可能となり、また、剛性・強度がさらにアップするので、上面部材Ｘ３上に葺土や漆喰を置いた場合や、重い棟瓦の荷重に充分耐えられる。さらにまた、折り返し部１０の水平部８が形成されたことによって、外部からの雨風の侵入を阻止する遮蔽板として機能する。
【００３４】
実施例４
実施例４の棟換気用部材１は、図５に示すように、上面部材Ｘ３の表面の長手方向に沿ってレベル調整材用堰止部１５を突設した他は、実施例３に示した棟換気用部材１と同様である。該レベル調整材用堰止部１５を設けたことによって、上面部材Ｘ３に葺土を載置した後、棟瓦が配置されることにより葺土が押しつぶされても、これらの堰止部によって横ずれが防止され、不用意に側面から落下することが防止されるという効果がある。なお、図５ではレベル調整材用堰止部１５を３条設けているがこの条数に限定されるものではなく、必要に応じてその寸法や設ける位置を含め適宜定められる。また、突起を多数設けてもよい。
【００３５】
実施例５
実施例５の棟換気用部材１は、図６に示すように、上面部材Ｘ３の長手方向の一端部に上側風雨制御板１６を延設した他は、実施例３に示した棟換気用部材１と同様である。そして、棟換気用部材１が載置される棟換気構造の形態や大きさ寸法に対応させて、この上側風雨制御板１６の延設長さや延設方向・角度あるいは先端の折曲げ代等を適宜変更することが可能である。
【００３６】
実施例６
実施例６の棟換気用部材１は、図７に示すように、下面部材Ｙ４の長手方向の一端部に下側風雨制御板１７を延設した他は、実施例３に示した棟換気用部材１と同様である。そして、本実施例の形態においても、実施例５と同様、棟換気用部材１が載置される棟換気構造の形態や大きさ寸法に対応させて、この下側風雨制御板１７の延設長さや延設方向・角度等を適宜変更することが可能である。
【００３７】
実施例７
実施例７の棟換気用部材１は、図８に示すように、上述の実施例５と６における上側風雨制御板１６及び下側風雨制御板１７を共に備えた構成の形態であり、即ち、上面部材Ｘ３の長手方向の一端部に上側風雨制御板１６を延設すると共に下面部材Ｙ４の長手方向の一端部に下側風雨制御板１７を延設した他は、実施例３に示した棟換気用部材１と同様である。そして、棟換気用部材１が載置される棟換気構造の形態や大きさ寸法に対応させて、この上側風雨制御板１６及び下側風雨制御板１７の延設長さや延設方向・角度等を適宜変更することが可能であり、これによって、内側から外側への換気流の流れがスムーズに行われるようになると共に、逆に外側から内側へは風雨が逆流しないように制御することが一層容易になる。
【００３８】
実施例８
実施例８の棟換気用部材１は、図９に示すように、棟木固定具（図１２参照）と係合され一種の自在継手の一方を構成する係合部１８を設けた他は、実施例３に示した棟換気用部材１と同様である。その詳細については後述の実施例１１で説明するが、該係合部１８は略半円形状の凹部を形成してなり、これに係合する他方の棟木固定具の方には略半円形状の凸部が形成してなるもので、相互に係合することによって一種の遮蔽壁を形成すると共に、施工時における棟換気用部材１の位置変動を吸収するように作用する。
【００３９】
実施例９
実施例９の棟換気用部材１は、図１０に示すように、実施例５及び８で説明した上側風雨制御板１６及び棟木固定具との係合部１８を備えた他は、実施例３に示した棟換気用部材と同様であり、従って、その作用効果も前述のそれぞれの効果の全てを備えている。
【００４０】
実施例１０
実施例１０の棟換気用部材は、図１１に示すように、実施例４、５及び８で説明したレベル調整材用堰止部１５、上側風雨制御板１６及び棟木固定具との係合部１８を有する形態の棟換気用部材の下面部材Ｙ４の裏面及び上面部材Ｘ３の上面とにそれぞれ下面クッション材１９及び上面クッション材２０（変形前の様子を二点破線で示す）を設けたものであり、かかる両クッション材を設けたことにより、棟瓦を葺く際の位置の調整、気密構造とすることにより雨風の侵入防止を図るとともに施工性を一層容易なものにしている。
本例では、下面クッション材１９と上面クッション材２０の両方設けたが、必要に応じ、上面クッション材２０を省略してもよい。
【００４１】
実施例１１
実施例１１の棟換気用部材は、図１２に示すように、係合部１８の向きが下向きになっている他は実質的に実施例１０に示した棟換気用部材と同様である。
【００４２】
以上の実施例において、上面部材Ｘ３、下面部材Ｙ４などは、アルミ又は樹脂の押出成形が好適で、コスト的にも有利である。また、レベル調整材用堰止部１５、上側、下側風雨制御板１６、１７及び棟木固定具との係合部１８などは上面部材Ｘ３、下面部材Ｙ４又は接続部材Ｚ５と一体的に加工することも、また、これらに溶接、溶着、接着剤等によって後付けすることも可能である。
また、レベル調整用堰止部、上側・下側風雨制御板、棟木固定具との係合具は、図１、図２に示した棟換気用部材にも取り付けられることは云うまでもない。
【００４３】
以上の如き本発明の棟換気用部材は、棟瓦と地瓦との隙間から換気する方式の棟換気構造に好適に用いられる。
以下、実施例１１に示した棟換気用部材を用いその代表的な棟換気構造の実施例について説明する。
【００４４】
実施例１２
図１３に示すように、垂木や野地板などからなり両流れ屋根面を形成する屋根地２１の頂部には隙間が設けられ、この隙間は、屋根裏に滞留する汚染空気が上昇し最初に集合して通過する屋根換気通路２２となる。そして屋根換気通路２２を跨ぐように立設させた換気口２３を有する換気装置２４が設けられ、屋根地２１に釘等（図示せず）によって固定される。
【００４５】
更に、略Ｕ字状に形成されその両側から突設した断面視円形状の凸係合部２５を形成すると共に、棟木２６を支持する棟木固定具２７が設けられ、該棟木固定具２７と換気装置２５とは一体的に着設される。
【００４６】
一方、屋根地２１の頂部付近に桟木２８を固定した後、この桟木２８に沿って地瓦２９が掛止される。また、この地瓦２９の上端縁に、前述の実施例１１で説明した下面クッション材１９を介して配設した後、棟換気用部材１に設けられた係合部１８を棟木固定具２７の凸係合部２５に係合させる。
【００４７】
続いて、棟木固定具２７に棟木２６を嵌入してビス等の固定手段（図示せず）によって固定する。更に、上面部材Ｘ３に上面クッション２０を介して棟瓦３０を葺設し、瓦の焼成工程時などに生じる捻れや寸法のバラツキによる位置や傾き等の狂いを調整したうえ、該棟瓦３０を棟木２６にビス、釘等の固定手段（図示せず）によって固定する。
【００４８】
本実施例の構成によれば、とりわけ、棟換気用部材１に係合部１８を備え、該係合部１８が棟木固定具２７に設けた凸係合部２５と係合すると共に、棟換気用部材１の上面部材Ｘ３、下面部材Ｙ４に、それぞれのクッション材１９、２０を付設したことによって、棟瓦３０の位置づれや傾き等の姿勢は、棟換気用部材１が係合部を支点にして所定範囲内で回動することにより容易に行うことができる。また、施工中に生起する不用な応力等は、係合部１８の回動作用とクッション材により完全に吸収されるので棟換気用部材１、棟瓦３０、地瓦２９等には無理な力が掛からずに施工できるという効果がある。
【００４９】
また、屋根地２１の頂部に向かって下から上昇してくる汚染空気は矢印Ｋで示したように屋根換気通路２２を通過した後、換気口２３を通過し、さらに換気路６を通過し、最後に棟換気用部材１の上側風雨制御板１６の先端と地瓦２９とで形成される排出口３１から外へ排出される（気流の流れを実線矢印で示す）。
一方、横方向から風雨が排出口３１から侵入しても、棟換気用部材１に備えられた各制御板（上側制御板１６、下面部材の折り返し部）及び棟木固定具２７及びその下部の換気装置２４に阻止され、屋根地２１の頂部には到達することがない。
【００５０】
更に、使用される棟瓦３０が、裏面にゆう薬の施されていない素地状態の棟瓦であっても、棟換気用部材１と該棟換気用部材１と係合連結された棟木固定具２７等によって遮蔽されているので、棟瓦３０の裏面に雨水が接するようなことはなく、従って、湿潤状態となったり、材料を腐食させることはなく、棟瓦３０の耐久信頼性は一段と向上する。
【００５１】
なお、上側風雨制御板１６の先端と下面部材Ｙ４の端縁部との間の換気路６に通気性を有する部材（図示せず）を介在させれば、鳥、昆虫等の侵入・営巣を容易に防ぐことも可能である。
【００５２】
実施例１３
図１４に示したように、前述の実施例１２における上面部材Ｘ３に上面クッション２０を敷設した替わりに、レベル調整材として葺土３２を山形状の塊にして充填した点、並びに略Ｕ字状に形成された棟木固定具２７の両側から突設し断面視円形状の凸係合部２５の向き、及びこの凸係合部２５と係合する棟換気用部材１の係合部１８の向きがともに逆になっている他は実施例１１と同じである。
【００５３】
また、本実施例のように、葺土３２を利用した場合には、それが保有する粘性、密着性、気密性等により、棟瓦３０の位置や傾き等の調整が一層確実に、且つ安定的に施工できるというメリットの他、経年変化が無く耐久性に優れるという特徴がある。
【００５４】
実施例１４
図１５に示すように、従来の技術の説明で使用した図１６の構成と同様の換気装置２４、即ち、屋根換気通路３４を跨ぐように立設させた第１換気口３５を有する補助部材３６と、この補助部材３６の外側に隙間を設けて立設すると共に、第２換気口３７が穿設され、且つ中央に棟木３８を支持する棟木支持部材３９とからなる換気装置２４に、前述の実施例１２と同じ凸係合部２５を設けた形態を示したものである。
このように、屋根地２１の頂部に設けられる従来タイプの換気装置２４でも、凸係合部２５を装着するように改良すれば、前述の実施例１２、１３で説明した場合と同様の棟換気構造が形成される。
【００５５】
以上の実施例１３、１４においては、通常の棟瓦について示したが、のし瓦等の特殊な瓦についても適用できることは勿論である。
【００５６】
【発明の効果】
叙上のように、本発明の棟換気用部材及びこれを用いた棟換気構造は、下記の如き多くの特徴及び利点を有する。
【００５７】
本発明の棟換気用部材は、上下方向に適宜間隔を置いて配置された上面部材Ｘと下面部材Ｙとを、水平方向に接続部材Ｚを並設して連結したことにより、機械的強度に優れると共に、隣接する接続部材Ｚと接続部材Ｚとの間に空間部を形成してこれを換気路としたことにより、穿設加工等を施すことなく容易且つ安価に棟換気用部材を形成できる。また、接続部材Ｚの間隙を調節することにより、所望の換気路を形成することができる。
【００５８】
また、下面部材Ｙに折り返し部を延設することにより、上面部材Ｘ、下面部材Ｙ及び接続部材Ｚの固定をビスによっても簡単に固着自在にできると共に、下面部材Ｙの折り返し部が、外部より侵入してきた風雨を遮蔽する効果がある。
【００５９】
また、上面部材Ｘの表面の長手方向にレベル調整材用堰止部を突設することにより、瓦の姿勢を制御する際の葺土を置き易く且つ横ずれしないので好都合である。
【００６０】
また、上面部材Ｘや下面部材Ｙの長手方向の一端部に風雨制御板を延設することにより、外から侵入しようとする風雨の逆流現象を一層効果的に防止することができる。
【００６１】
更に、棟換気用部材を形成する上面部材Ｘの端部に棟木固定具との係合部を設けることにより、換気通路の上面壁を形成すると共に、棟換気用部材を配設する際には、該係合部を支点に、棟換気用部材が回動して棟換気構造全体にわたって応力を均衡させる働きがあり、作業性が大巾に向上する。また、地震等により負荷が加わった場合においても、同様に応力均衡作用が働き、耐久性が向上する。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の実施例１における棟換気用部材の基本構成を示す断面図である。
【図２】図１の棟換気用部材のＡ−Ａ断面図である。
【図３】実施例２における棟換気用部材の第２の基本構成を示す断面図である。
【図４】実施例３における棟換気用部材の第３の基本構成を示す断面図である。
【図５】実施例４における棟換気用部材の構成を示す断面図である。
【図６】実施例５における棟換気用部材の構成を示す断面図である。
【図７】実施例６における棟換気用部材の構成を示す断面図である。
【図８】実施例７における棟換気用部材の構成を示す断面図である。
【図９】実施例８における棟換気用部材の構成を示す断面図である。
【図１０】実施例９における棟換気用部材の構成を示す断面図である。
【図１１】実施例１０における棟換気用部材の構成を示す断面図である。
【図１２】実施例１１における棟換気用部材の構成を示す断面図である。
【図１３】本発明の実施例１２における棟換気構造を示す断面図である。
【図１４】実施例１３における棟換気構造を示す断面図である。
【図１５】実施例１４における棟換気構造の特定部分を説明する断面図である。
【図１６】従来の棟換気構造を示す断面図である。
【符号の説明】
１ 棟換気用部材
２ 嵌着体
３ 上面部材Ｘ
４ 下面部材Ｙ
５ 接続部材
６ 換気路
７ 垂設部
８ 水平部
９ 垂下部
１０ 折り返し部
１１ 接続凹部
１２ 接続凹部
１３ 接続凸部
１４ ビス
１５ レベル調整材用堰止部
１６ 上側風雨制御板
１７ 下側風雨制御板
１８ 係合部
１９ 下面クッション材
２０ 上面クッション材
２１ 屋根地
２２ 屋根換気通路
２３ 換気口
２４ 換気装置
２５ 凸係合部
２６ 棟木
２７ 棟木固定具
２８ 桟木
２９ 地瓦
３０ 棟瓦
３１ 排出口
３２ 葺土[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a ridge ventilation member that is provided in a ridge portion of a building roof including a general house and ventilates through a gap between a ridge tile and a ground tile, and a ridge ventilation structure using the same.
[0002]
[Prior art]
2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, various forms have been proposed as a ridge ventilation device that ventilates through a gap between a ridge tile and a ground tile, but is described in Patent Document 1 as a typical example of a ventilation device provided particularly in a ridge portion of a roof. Things are known.
[0003]
According to the document, as shown in FIG. 16, a gap is provided at the top of a rooftop 33 that is made of rafters, a field board, and the like and forms a double-roofed roof surface. The odor rises due to the natural rising force and forms a roof ventilation passage 34 that first gathers and passes. An auxiliary member 36 having a first ventilation port 35 erected so as to straddle the roof ventilation passage 34 is provided. Further, a gap is provided outside the auxiliary member 36 and a second ventilation port is provided. 37 is provided, and a purlin support member 39 for supporting a purlin 38 is provided at the center. The auxiliary member 36 and the purlin support member 39 are fixed to the roof 33 with nails or the like (not shown).
[0004]
On the other hand, after fixing the pier 40 near the top of the roof 33, the pier 41 is hung along the pier 40. Further, a ventilation forming member 45 having a third ventilation port 43 and a fourth ventilation port 44 is fixed to the purlin 38 via a sealing member 42 on the crosspiece 41 with nails or the like (not shown). The ridge roof tile 46 is placed on the passage forming member 45 and is fixed to the ridge 38 by a fixing tool 47 such as a long nail or a screw. Further, between the back surface of the ridge roof tile 46 and the passage forming member 45. A ventilation passage 48 is formed.
[0005]
With this configuration, air rising from below toward the top of the roof passes through the roof ventilation passage 34 as shown by the arrow K, and then passes through the first and second ventilation ports 35 and 37 in a zigzag manner. Then, the air is discharged through the third and fourth ventilation ports 43 and 44 of the ventilation passage 48 (the flow of the airflow is indicated by solid arrows).
[0006]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Patent No. 2901180 (FIG. 1)
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the above-mentioned conventional ventilation building device, the contaminated air accompanied by hot air, moisture, odor, etc., which normally rises from the bottom toward the top of the roof, passes through the roof ventilation passage 34, and then the first and second contaminated air. 2 pass through the ventilation holes 35 and 37 in a zigzag manner, and finally pass through the third and fourth ventilation holes 43 and 44 of the ventilation passage 48 whose upper surface is formed by the roof tile 46, and from the tip of the roof tile 46 by natural ascending force Although it is discharged, for example, when the weather is abnormally strong such as during a typhoon, the water may flow backward through a gap formed between the cross tile 41 and the tip end portion 49 of the ridge roof tile 46.
[0008]
In addition, the roof tile 46 forming the upper surface of the ventilation passage 48 is generally provided with a luxuriant near the front end portion of the back surface, but is not coated with the luxuriant on the inner side. In some cases, it is normal, and therefore, even when ventilation is good during normal time, when abnormally strong wind and rain like a typhoon, rainwater coming in from the outside comes into contact with the back side of the base state of the roof tile 46 and gets wet. Will be. Therefore, there is a problem that the backside of the ridge roof tile 46 is wet by the rainwater, and the material is corroded and durability is impaired. In addition, when the roof tile 46 is roofed, generally, the roof tile for adjusting the level of the roof tile 46 is laid between the passage forming member 45 forming the lower surface of the ventilation passage 48 and the roof tile 46. There is a problem that the ventilation passage 48 is narrowed and an adequate ventilation cannot be secured.
[0009]
Furthermore, the other side surface forming the ventilation passage 48 is a passage forming member 45 formed by sheet metal processing of a steel plate or the like, and the completion of this member involves drilling, bending, and cutting, which requires cost. There was a problem of getting high.
[0010]
The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and has as its main object to ensure the durability of a ridge ventilation structure even when a ridge roof tile having an unglazed back surface is used, and to reduce the cost thereof.
[0011]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, a first aspect of the present invention is to connect an upper surface member X and a lower surface member Y by connecting members Z arranged at appropriate intervals, and to connect an adjacent connecting member Z to a connecting member Z. A ridge ventilation member is characterized in that the space formed between the ridge and Z is a ventilation path (claim 1).
[0012]
A second aspect of the present invention is a ridge ventilation member according to the first aspect, wherein a folded portion is extended from the lower surface member Y.
[0013]
Claim 3 as a preferred embodiment is the ridge ventilation member according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a weir for a level adjusting material is provided in the longitudinal direction of the surface of the upper surface member X.
[0014]
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the ridge ventilation member according to the first, second or third aspect, wherein a wind and rain control plate is provided at one end of the upper surface member X in the longitudinal direction.
[0015]
A fifth aspect of the present invention is a ridge ventilation member according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, wherein a wind and rain control plate is provided at one end of the lower surface member Y in the longitudinal direction.
[0016]
Claim 6 as a preferable aspect is the ridge ventilation member according to any one of Claims 1 to 5, which is provided with an engaging portion with a ridge fixing.
[0017]
A seventh aspect of the present invention is a ridge ventilation member according to any one of the first to sixth aspects, wherein a cushioning material is provided on a back surface of the lower surface member Y.
[0018]
Claim 8 as a preferred embodiment is the ridge ventilation member according to any one of claims 1 to 7, which is formed by extruding aluminum or resin.
[0019]
A second aspect of the present invention relates to a ridge ventilation structure characterized in that the ridge ventilation member according to any one of claims 1 to 8 is disposed between a ridge tile and a ground tile. (Claim 9).
[0020]
Claim 10 as a preferred embodiment is the ridge ventilation structure according to claim 9, wherein the surface of the upper surface member X is filled with a level adjusting material.
[0021]
[Action]
In the ridge ventilation structure of the present invention, an upper member X and a lower member Y arranged at appropriate intervals in the vertical direction are sequentially arranged and connected with connecting members Z in parallel with an appropriate gap in the horizontal direction. By using the space formed between the connection members Z and the connection members Z as a ventilation path, the ridge ventilation member can be easily formed without separately performing perforation processing. Further, by adjusting the interval between the connecting members Z, it is possible to form a desired ventilation path.
[0022]
Further, by extending the folded portion on the lower surface member Y, the upper surface member X, the lower surface member Y, and the connecting member Z can be easily fixed by screws, and a shield for preventing intrusion of rain and wind from the outside. It plays the role of a board.
[0023]
In addition, by providing a level adjusting material weir portion in the longitudinal direction of the surface of the upper surface member X, the roof tile (plaster, mortar, clay, etc.) is placed here to adjust the level of the ridge roof tile. Is easy to place.
[0024]
In addition, the inflow of wind and rain from the outside is suppressed by extending the wind and rain control plate at one end in the longitudinal direction of the upper surface member X and the lower surface member Y.
[0025]
Further, by providing a ridge ventilation member, particularly an edge portion of the upper surface member X with an engaging portion with a ridge fixing fixture, the ridge ventilation member has a function of shielding as a top wall of a ventilation passage, and a ridge ventilation member is provided. When the roof tiles (ground tiles) are laid while placing the roof or the like, the inclination of the ridge ventilation member is freely adjusted with the engaging part as a fulcrum, and abnormal stress etc. occurs as the ridge ventilation structure No work and excellent workability. In addition, even if a load is applied due to an earthquake or the like after the construction, the stress balance action works, and the durability of the building ventilation member and the building ventilation structure is improved.
[0026]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of a ridge ventilation member and a ridge ventilation structure using the same according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
[0027]
Example 1
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the ridge ventilation structure 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention has an L-shaped and an inverted L-shaped fitting body having a flat cross section and extending from the lower surface thereof. A long upper surface member X3 and a lower surface member Y4 each having two are arranged such that the respective fitting bodies 2 face each other, and are organically connected and formed by a connecting member Z5 having a width W in an E-shape in plan view. Then, a plurality of connection members Z5 are arranged and fixed at intervals of the pitch P to the respective fitting bodies 2 of the upper surface member X3 and the lower surface member Y4. The space formed by the upper surface member X3, the lower surface member Y4, and the left and right fittings 2 is a ventilation path 6. In an actual construction, each of the left and right ends in the longitudinal direction is shielded by a flat plate (not shown) to complete a ventilation passage.
The size of the upper surface member X3, the lower surface member Y4, and the connection member Z5 is not particularly limited, but for example, those having a width of about 40 to 100 mm and a length of about 300 to 2000 mm are preferable from the viewpoint of handleability and workability. The width W of the connecting member Z5 may be selected from about 30 to 50 mm, and the height may be selected from about 5 to 20 mm.
[0028]
Further, the interval pitch P when arranging the connecting members Z is not particularly limited, but can be selected, for example, from about 100 to 500 mm. Also, in FIG. 1, the upper surface member X3 is drawn larger than the lower surface member Y4, but may have the same dimensions, and these dimensions are determined according to the construction specifications of the ridge ventilation structure.
[0029]
As described above, the ridge ventilation member 1 including the upper surface member X3, the lower surface member Y4, and the connecting member Z5 does not need to be formed by drilling a ventilation hole in each member as in the past, and therefore, these upper surfaces are not required. The member X3, the lower surface member Y4, and the connecting member Z5 can be formed by extrusion molding of aluminum or resin, thereby achieving significant cost reduction. The upper member X3 and the lower member Y4 are formed with an L-shaped fitting body 2 acting in a direction to increase the rigidity, and these two members are fitted by an E-shaped connecting member Z5 having excellent rigidity. Since they are connected via the wearing body 2, sufficient structural strength is secured.
[0030]
The upper surface member X3, the lower surface member Y4, and the connection member Z5 are usually joined by caulking, screws, welding, welding, an adhesive, or the like in the fitting body 2, but are not shown in principle in order to avoid complexity. . The same applies to the following.
[0031]
Example 2
The ridge ventilation member 1 of the second embodiment is the same as the ridge ventilation member shown in the first embodiment except that the upper surface member X3 is provided with the fittings 3 from both ends as shown in FIG. is there. In this way, by providing the fittings 2 at both ends, the upper surface member X3 has a two-layer structure with the connecting member Z over the entire width, so that the rigidity is further enhanced, and the level of the roof tile is adjusted. There is a merit that even if the roof is placed or the load on the ridge tile is directly applied, it can withstand the load sufficiently.
[0032]
Example 3
As shown in FIG. 4, in the ridge ventilation member 1 of the third embodiment, the upper surface member X3 is the same as that of the above-described second embodiment, and the lower surface member Y4 has a hanging portion 7 vertically hanging from one side end thereof. A folded portion 10 composed of a horizontal portion 8 extending horizontally further from the front end in the center direction and a hanging portion 9 extending downward from the middle of the horizontal portion 8 is formed. A connection recess 11 that fits into the tip of the horizontal portion 8 of the member Y4 and a connection protrusion 13 that fits into a connection recess 12 formed by the hanging portion 7 and the hanging portion 9 are formed. The upper member X3, the lower member Y4, and the connecting member Z5 having the width W are integrally fixed by screws 14.
[0033]
According to such an embodiment, similarly to the above-described embodiment, the function as the ridge ventilation member is sufficiently exhibited, and the upper member X3, the lower member Y4, and the connecting member Z5 are generally fixed by simple fixing means. It is possible to integrate without using the screw 14 used as a member without protruding to the back side of the lower surface member Y4 (lower layer), and further increase rigidity and strength. Can withstand the load of heavy roof tiles. Furthermore, since the horizontal portion 8 of the folded portion 10 is formed, the horizontal portion 8 functions as a shielding plate for preventing rain and wind from entering from the outside.
[0034]
Example 4
As shown in FIG. 5, the ridge ventilation member 1 of the fourth embodiment is the same as that of the third embodiment except that a level adjusting material dam 15 is protruded along the longitudinal direction of the surface of the upper surface member X3. It is the same as the ridge ventilation member 1. By providing the level adjusting material dam 15, even after the roof is placed on the upper surface member X <b> 3, even if the roof tile is crushed by the arranging of the roof tile, the lateral displacement is caused by these dams. This has the effect of preventing accidental dropping from the side. In FIG. 5, the three level-control-material damming portions 15 are provided. However, the number is not limited to this number, and may be appropriately determined, including the size and the position where necessary. Further, a large number of projections may be provided.
[0035]
Example 5
The ridge ventilation member 1 of the fifth embodiment is different from the ridge ventilation member shown in the third embodiment in that an upper weather control plate 16 is extended at one longitudinal end of an upper surface member X3 as shown in FIG. Same as 1. In accordance with the form and size of the ridge ventilation structure on which the ridge ventilation member 1 is placed, the extension length, extension direction and angle of the upper wind and rain control plate 16, and the bend allowance at the tip are determined. It can be changed as appropriate.
[0036]
Example 6
The ridge ventilation member 1 of the sixth embodiment is different from the ridge ventilation member shown in the third embodiment in that a lower wind and rain control plate 17 is provided at one end of the lower surface member Y4 in the longitudinal direction as shown in FIG. Same as the member 1. In this embodiment, similarly to the fifth embodiment, the lower wind and rain control plate 17 is extended in accordance with the form and size of the ridge ventilation structure on which the ridge ventilation member 1 is placed. The length, extension direction, angle, and the like can be appropriately changed.
[0037]
Example 7
As shown in FIG. 8, the ridge ventilation member 1 of the seventh embodiment has a configuration in which both the upper and lower wind-storm control plates 16 and 17 in the above-described fifth and sixth embodiments are provided. The building shown in the third embodiment, except that an upper weather control plate 16 is extended at one longitudinal end of the upper member X3 and a lower weather control plate 17 is extended at one longitudinal end of the lower member Y4. It is the same as the ventilation member 1. The extension length, extension direction, angle, and the like of the upper and lower wind and rain control plates 16 and 17 are set in accordance with the form and size of the ridge ventilation structure on which the ridge ventilation member 1 is placed. Can be appropriately changed, whereby the flow of the ventilation flow from the inside to the outside is smoothly performed, and on the contrary, it is further controlled to prevent the wind and rain from flowing back from the outside to the inside. It will be easier.
[0038]
Example 8
As shown in FIG. 9, the ridge ventilation member 1 of the eighth embodiment is identical to the ridge ventilation fixture (see FIG. 12) except that the ridge ventilation member 1 is provided with an engaging portion 18 which constitutes one of a kind of universal joint. It is the same as the ridge ventilation member 1 shown in Example 3. The details thereof will be described later in an eleventh embodiment. The engaging portion 18 has a substantially semicircular concave portion, and the other purlin fixing device engaged with the concave portion has a substantially semicircular shape. Are formed to form a kind of shielding wall by engaging with each other, and act so as to absorb a positional change of the ridge ventilation member 1 during construction.
[0039]
Example 9
The ridge ventilation member 1 of the ninth embodiment is different from the third embodiment in that the ridge ventilation member 1 of the ninth embodiment is provided with the upper wind / storm control plate 16 and the engaging portion 18 with the ridgeblock fixing member described in the fifth and eighth embodiments, as shown in FIG. Are similar to those of the ridge ventilation member shown in FIG. 1 and, therefore, have all the above-mentioned effects.
[0040]
Example 10
As shown in FIG. 11, the ridge ventilation member according to the tenth embodiment includes the level adjustment material damping portion 15, the upper wind / rain control plate 16, and the engagement portion with the ridgewood fixture described in the fourth, fifth, and eighth embodiments. The lower surface cushioning material 19 and the upper surface cushioning material 20 (the state before deformation is indicated by a two-dot broken line) are provided on the back surface of the lower surface member Y4 and the upper surface of the upper surface member X3 of the ridge ventilation member having the form 18 respectively. In addition, by providing both cushion materials, the position when roof tiles are roofed is adjusted, and the airtight structure is used to prevent the penetration of rain and wind, and the workability is further facilitated.
In this example, both the lower cushion material 19 and the upper cushion material 20 are provided, but the upper cushion material 20 may be omitted as necessary.
[0041]
Example 11
The ridge ventilation member of the eleventh embodiment is substantially the same as the ridge ventilation member of the tenth embodiment except that the direction of the engaging portion 18 is downward as shown in FIG.
[0042]
In the above embodiment, the upper member X3, the lower member Y4, and the like are preferably formed by extrusion of aluminum or resin, which is advantageous in cost. In addition, the level adjusting material dam 15, the upper and lower wind and rain control plates 16 and 17, the engaging part 18 with the purlin fixing device, and the like are integrally formed with the upper member X 3, the lower member Y 4, or the connecting member Z 5. It is also possible to attach them later by welding, welding, adhesive or the like.
Further, it goes without saying that the level adjusting dam, the upper and lower wind and rain control plates, and the engaging members with the purlin fixing devices are also attached to the ridge ventilation member shown in FIGS.
[0043]
The ridge ventilation member of the present invention as described above is suitably used for a ridge ventilation structure in which ventilation is performed from a gap between a ridge tile and a ground tile.
Hereinafter, an example of a typical ridge ventilation structure using the ridge ventilation member described in the eleventh embodiment will be described.
[0044]
Example 12
As shown in FIG. 13, a gap is provided at the top of the roof 21 which is made of rafters, a field board, etc. and forms a double-roofed roof surface. The gap is formed by the contaminated air remaining in the attic rising and gathering first. To form a roof ventilation passage 22 that passes through. A ventilation device 24 having a ventilation port 23 erected so as to straddle the roof ventilation passage 22 is provided, and is fixed to the roof 21 with nails or the like (not shown).
[0045]
Furthermore, a ridgeblock fixture 27 for supporting a purlin 26 is provided while forming a convex engaging portion 25 formed in a substantially U-shape and projecting from both sides thereof and having a circular shape in cross section. It is installed integrally with the device 25.
[0046]
On the other hand, after fixing the pier 28 near the top of the roof 21, the ground tile 29 is hung along the pier 28. Further, after being disposed on the upper edge of the ground tile 29 via the lower surface cushioning material 19 described in the eleventh embodiment, the engaging portion 18 provided on the ridge ventilation member 1 is Engage with the convex engagement portion 25.
[0047]
Subsequently, the purlin 26 is fitted into the purlin fixing fixture 27 and fixed by fixing means (not shown) such as screws. Further, a ridge roof tile 30 is laid on the upper surface member X3 via the upper surface cushion 20 to adjust the position and inclination of the ridge roof tile 30 due to torsion and dimensional variation generated during a firing process of the roof tile, etc. Is fixed by fixing means (not shown) such as screws and nails.
[0048]
According to the configuration of the present embodiment, especially, the ridge ventilation member 1 is provided with the engaging portion 18, and the engaging portion 18 is engaged with the convex engaging portion 25 provided on the ridgeboard fixing device 27, and the ridge ventilation is performed. By attaching the cushion members 19 and 20 to the upper surface member X3 and the lower surface member Y4 of the member 1 for use, the posture of the ridge roof tile 30 such as position shift and inclination can be adjusted by using the ridge ventilation member 1 with the engagement portion as a fulcrum. This can be easily performed by rotating within a predetermined range. Unnecessary stress or the like generated during construction is completely absorbed by the rotating action of the engaging portion 18 and the cushion material, so that an excessive force is applied to the ridge ventilation member 1, the ridge tile 30, the ground tile 29, and the like. There is an effect that construction can be performed without hanging.
[0049]
Further, the contaminated air rising from below toward the top of the roof land 21 passes through the roof ventilation passage 22 as shown by the arrow K, then passes through the ventilation opening 23, further passes through the ventilation passage 6, Finally, the airflow is discharged outside through a discharge port 31 formed by the tip of the upper wind and rain control plate 16 of the ridge ventilation member 1 and the ground tile 29 (the flow of the airflow is indicated by solid arrows).
On the other hand, even if wind and rain enter from the discharge port 31 from the lateral direction, each control plate (upper control plate 16, folded portion of the lower surface member) provided on the ridge ventilation member 1, and the ridgeboard fixture 27 and the lower part thereof are ventilated. It is blocked by the device 24 and does not reach the top of the roof 21.
[0050]
Further, even if the ridge roof tile 30 to be used is a ridge roof tile having no base on which a back medicine is not applied, the ridge ventilation member 1 and the ridgeboard fixture 27 engaged with and connected to the ridge ventilation member 1 and the like. Since it is shielded by rainwater, rainwater does not come into contact with the back surface of the roof tile 30, so that it does not become wet or corrode the material, and the durability reliability of the roof tile 30 is further improved.
[0051]
In addition, if a member having air permeability (not shown) is interposed in the ventilation path 6 between the tip of the upper wind and rain control plate 16 and the edge of the lower surface member Y4, intrusion and nesting of birds and insects can be prevented. It can be easily prevented.
[0052]
Example 13
As shown in FIG. 14, instead of laying the upper surface cushion 20 on the upper surface member X3 in the twelfth embodiment described above, the roofing material 32 is filled in a mountain-shaped mass as a level adjusting material, and a substantially U-shape is provided. The direction of the convex engaging portion 25 projecting from both sides of the purlin fixing fixture 27 formed in the cross section and having a circular shape in cross section, and the direction of the engaging portion 18 of the ridge ventilation member 1 engaging with the convex engaging portion 25. Are the same as those of the eleventh embodiment except that both are reversed.
[0053]
In addition, when the roof 32 is used as in the present embodiment, the position, inclination, and the like of the ridge roof tile 30 can be more reliably and stably adjusted due to the viscosity, adhesion, and airtightness of the roof 32. In addition to the merit that it can be constructed in a long time, there is a feature that there is no aging and the durability is excellent.
[0054]
Example 14
As shown in FIG. 15, a ventilation device 24 similar to the configuration of FIG. 16 used in the description of the prior art, that is, an auxiliary member 36 having a first ventilation port 35 erected so as to straddle a roof ventilation passage 34 is provided. In addition to the auxiliary member 36, the ventilation device 24, which is provided with a clearance provided outside the auxiliary member 36, has a second ventilation opening 37, and has a purlin supporting member 39 which supports a purlin 38 in the center, is provided with the above-described ventilation device 24. In this embodiment, the same projection engaging portion 25 as that of Embodiment 12 is provided.
As described above, in the conventional ventilation device 24 provided on the top of the roof 21, if the projections 25 are modified so as to be mounted, the same ridge ventilation as described in the above-described Embodiments 12 and 13 is performed. A structure is formed.
[0055]
In Embodiments 13 and 14 described above, ordinary roof tiles are shown. However, it is needless to say that special roof tiles and the like can be applied.
[0056]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the ridge ventilation member of the present invention and the ridge ventilation structure using the same have many features and advantages as described below.
[0057]
The ridge ventilation member of the present invention has a high mechanical strength by connecting the upper member X and the lower member Y arranged at appropriate intervals in the vertical direction by connecting the connecting members Z in the horizontal direction. In addition to being excellent, a ridge ventilation member can be formed easily and inexpensively without performing drilling or the like by forming a space between adjacent connection members Z and forming a space between the connection members Z. . Further, by adjusting the gap of the connection member Z, a desired ventilation path can be formed.
[0058]
Further, by extending the folded portion on the lower surface member Y, the upper surface member X, the lower surface member Y, and the connecting member Z can be easily fixed with screws, and the folded portion of the lower surface member Y can be externally fixed. It has the effect of shielding the invading wind and rain.
[0059]
In addition, by projecting the level adjusting material dam portion in the longitudinal direction of the surface of the upper surface member X, it is convenient because the roofing material when controlling the posture of the tile is easy to place and does not shift sideways.
[0060]
In addition, by extending the wind and rain control plate at one end in the longitudinal direction of the upper surface member X and the lower surface member Y, it is possible to more effectively prevent the backflow phenomenon of wind and rain from entering from the outside.
[0061]
Furthermore, by providing an engaging portion with a ridge fixing at the end of the upper surface member X forming the ridge ventilation member, the upper wall of the ventilation passage is formed, and the ridge ventilation member is disposed. The ridge ventilation member rotates around the engagement portion as a fulcrum, and has a function of balancing the stress over the entire ridge ventilation structure, thereby greatly improving the workability. Further, even when a load is applied due to an earthquake or the like, the stress balance action similarly works, and the durability is improved.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a basic configuration of a ridge ventilation member in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line AA of the building ventilation member of FIG.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a second basic configuration of a building ventilation member according to a second embodiment.
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a third basic configuration of a building ventilation member according to a third embodiment.
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a configuration of a ridge ventilation member according to a fourth embodiment.
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a configuration of a ridge ventilation member according to a fifth embodiment.
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a configuration of a ridge ventilation member according to a sixth embodiment.
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a configuration of a ridge ventilation member according to a seventh embodiment.
FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a configuration of a ridge ventilation member according to an eighth embodiment.
FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a configuration of a ridge ventilation member according to a ninth embodiment.
FIG. 11 is a sectional view showing a configuration of a ridge ventilation member according to a tenth embodiment.
FIG. 12 is a sectional view showing a structure of a ridge ventilation member according to an eleventh embodiment.
FIG. 13 is a sectional view showing a ridge ventilation structure according to a twelfth embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a ridge ventilation structure according to a thirteenth embodiment.
FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a specific portion of a ridge ventilation structure according to a fourteenth embodiment.
FIG. 16 is a sectional view showing a conventional ridge ventilation structure.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Building ventilation member 2 Fitting body 3 Upper surface member X
4 Lower surface member Y
5 Connecting member 6 Ventilation path 7 Hanging part 8 Horizontal part 9 Hanging part 10 Folding part 11 Connection concave part 12 Connection concave part 13 Connection convex part 14 Screw 15 Level control material dam 16 Upper wind and rain control plate 17 Lower wind and rain control plate 18 Engaging part 19 Lower cushion material 20 Upper cushion material 21 Roof 22 Roof ventilation passage 23 Ventilation opening 24 Ventilation device 25 Convex engaging part 26 Purlin 27 Purlin 29 Fixing ridge 29 Ground tile 30 Floor tile 31 Exit 32
