JP2004255557A - Power transmission device capable of automatic gear shifting - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To easily and automatically change a shift position, to control torque and a rotational speed, and to maintain them at comparatively low loss efficiency and high mechanical efficiency range by automatically switching a deceleration mechanism of a power transmission device at the time of increasing or decreasing load torque. <P>SOLUTION: This power transmission device is sequentially provided with a transmission device and a torque feedback device in a seat element formed of a hollow case, and the torque feedback device is provided with a resistance torque. The power transmission device is constituted in a manner to maintain a shift position of the deceleration mechanism in the transmission device at a start shift position when the load torque is lower than its resistance capacity, and to control a switching gear in the power transmission device by a slide ring in the torque feedback device when the load torque is higher than the resistance capacity, so as to switch the deceleration mechanism in the transmission device to another shift position. When the load torque is increased or decreased, the deceleration mechanism of the power transmission device is automatically switched for automatically changing the shift position, so as to heighten mechanical efficiency of the power transmission device. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a kind of automatic transmission power transmission device, in particular, a torque feedback device controls a switching gear position in the transmission device, and further uses this switching gear to switch a shift shift position in the transmission device, whereby load torque BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a power transmission device capable of automatic shifting, which can automatically switch a speed reduction mechanism of the power transmission device when the power increases or decreases.

  Known power transmission devices, in particular, multi-speed transmission power transmission devices used for electric rotary tools (for example, electric drills and electric screwdrivers) usually provide multi-speed or multi-stage torque by using a speed reduction mechanism. Generally, such a speed reduction mechanism is composed of a plurality of planetary gear mechanisms, which may fix a certain component in each gear system by controlling an internal clutch or a mechanism driven by them by a manual mechanism. The components are driven, thereby achieving different input and output reduction ratio functions.

  The speed reducing mechanism of the above-mentioned known power transmission device has the user manually change the shift position of the speed reducing mechanism after observing the machining status in the operation process or after making a subjective judgment through the operation process. Provides sufficient torque or rotational speed for work. Generally, there is a fixed relationship between the torque of the drive motor of the speed reduction mechanism, the rotation layer, the wear efficiency, and the mechanical efficiency. The wear efficiency and the mechanical efficiency are usually increased by increasing the product of the torque and the rotational speed. When the product of speed reaches a certain value, the mechanical efficiency gradually decreases as the wear efficiency continues to increase. However, control by human operation often fails to operate the drive motor within the best range of mechanical efficiency. For this reason, it is necessary to automatically switch the shift position of the speed reduction mechanism by the load torque feedback mechanism. The present invention improves the drawbacks of known speed reduction mechanisms for power transmission devices.

  It is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of power transmission device capable of automatic shifting to solve the limitations and disadvantages in the known art.

  In order to achieve the above-described object, a power transmission device capable of automatic transmission provided by the present invention is configured such that a transmission device and a torque feedback device are sequentially attached to a seat formed by a hollow case. A feature of the present invention is that the torque feedback device includes a thrust ring and a slide ring that mesh with each other, and a fitting ring is combined with the seat body to restrain a compression spring around the outer ring of the seat body. The rotation angle is limited by the action of a torsion spring fixed to the outer edge of the seat body, and the slide ring is restricted inside the seat body and can only reciprocate up and down. In this transmission device, a switching gear having an internal gear structure is configured to mesh with two planetary gear sets, and an annular groove recessed inward is formed around the outer ring of the switching gear. A plurality of pins mounted in the aforementioned fitting ring are inserted into the annular groove of the switching gear, and the switching gear is constrained to the first limit position and meshed with two planetary gear sets at the same time, or the switching The gear is constrained to the second limit position and meshed only with the second planetary gear set. As a result, when the load torque received by the thrust wheel cannot overcome the resistance of the torsion spring and the compression spring, the switching gear is in the first limit position, and meshes with and rotates synchronously with the two planetary gear sets. . When the load torque received by the thrust wheel overcomes the resistance of the torsion spring and the compression spring, it generates rotation and drives the slide ring by the inclined surface meshed therewith to control the switching gear to the slide ring. This causes the switching gear to be in the second extreme position and engages with the flange at the bottom of the seat to render it non-rotatable. Therefore, the power transmission apparatus capable of automatic transmission according to the present invention automatically shifts the speed reduction mechanism of the power transmission apparatus when the load torque increases or decreases, automatically achieves shift position conversion, and mechanical efficiency of the power transmission apparatus. To improve.

The invention of claim 1 is a power transmission device capable of automatic transmission, in which a transmission device and a torque feedback device are sequentially attached in a seat formed by a hollow case.
The seat body includes a plurality of guide grooves penetrating in the thickness direction, flanges are formed on the inner bottom portion and the outer bottom portion of the seat body, respectively, and the inner surface of the seat body is formed along the axial direction from the upper end surface. A plurality of elongated grooves are provided,
The transmission device is configured such that a switching gear having an internal gear structure is meshed with a first planetary gear set and a second planetary gear set, the first planetary gear set includes an external gear, and an outer ring around the switching gear. An annular groove recessed inward is formed in the periphery, and a plurality of recessed grooves to be combined with the flange of the inner bottom portion of the seat body are formed at the bottom of the outer surface of the switching gear,
The torque feedback device includes a thrust ring formed by a plurality of inclined surfaces that mesh with each other and a slide ring, and a fitting ring that is combined with a flange on the outer surface of the seat body, and a compression spring is provided by the fitting ring. A plurality of ribs that are interlaced around the outer ring of the seat body and that are fitted into the groove of the seat body are provided on the outer surface of the slide ring, and the slide ring can be reciprocated up and down along the groove, A plurality of pins attached to the fitting ring are inserted into the guide grooves of the seat body to be restricted, and the pins are inserted into the annular groove of the switching gear, so that the switching gear is in the first extreme position. Restrain and mesh with the first planetary gear set and the second planetary gear set, or restrain the switching gear to the second limit position and mesh with only the first planetary gear set,
When the aforementioned thrust wheel is rotated, the slide ring is pushed by the slope with which it engages, and the slide ring suppresses the switching gear and drives the fitting wheel to suppress the compression spring to thereby suppress the axial resistance force. Is generated,
When the switching gear is in the first limit position, it rotates synchronously with the first planetary gear set and the second planetary gear set;
When the above-described switching gear is in the second limit position, the groove at the bottom engages with the flange at the bottom of the seat body so that rotation is impossible, and the power transmission device is capable of automatic transmission.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the power transmission apparatus capable of automatic transmission according to the first aspect, the torque feedback device includes a torsion spring, one end of the torsion spring is fixed to the outer edge of the thrust ring, and the other end to the outer edge of the seat body. The power transmission device is capable of automatic transmission and is characterized by being fixed.

The automatic transmission power transmission device of the present invention achieves the following operations and effects.
1. The power transmission apparatus capable of automatic shifting according to the present invention achieves automatic shift position conversion by automatically switching the speed reduction mechanism of the power transmission apparatus when the load torque increases or decreases.
2. With the automatic transmission function of the power transmission device of the present invention, the torque and rotational speed of the power transmission device can be controlled, and can be maintained within a high mechanical efficiency range with relatively low wear efficiency.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the power transmission device capable of automatic transmission according to the present invention includes a seat body 1, a torque feedback device 2, and a transmission device 3.

  The seat body 1 is a cylindrical case, in which a hollow housing chamber 11 is formed, a plurality of flanges projecting from the surface around the bottom of the housing chamber 11 are formed, and the case is located at an axial position. A plurality of triangular guide grooves 12 penetrating the guide groove 12 are formed, and a flange 13 protruding from the case surface is formed at the bottom of each guide groove 12. Further, a slit 14 is provided in the end surface of the storage chamber 11 in the axial direction and penetrates in the thickness direction of the case, and a plurality of recesses recessed downward in the inner surface of the storage chamber 11 along the axial direction from the end surface. A groove 15 is formed.

  The torque feedback device 2 includes a torsion spring 21, a thrust ring 22, a slide ring 23, a fitting ring 24, and a compression spring 25. A plurality of trapezoidal portions 22a projecting from the surface are formed on the outer surface of the thrust wheel 22, and an inner gear 22b is formed on the inner surface. The thrust wheel 22 is further recessed inward and penetrates both end faces. A slit 22c is formed. The slide ring 23 is formed with a plurality of trapezoidal concave and convex trapezoidal portions 23 a on the upper end surface and a plurality of protruding ribs 23 b on the outer surface, and each trapezoidal portion 23 a is formed in each trapezoidal portion 22 a in the thrust wheel 22. The ribs 23b are combined with the grooves 15 in the housing chamber 11 of the seat body 1 so that the slide ring 23 can reciprocate in the axial direction along the inner surface of the housing chamber 11 of the seat body 1. Is done. The fitting ring 24 has a C-shaped case structure, and a plurality of flanges 24a projecting from the surface are provided on the outer surface of the fitting ring 24, and the bottom of the fitting ring 24 penetrates the case and each guide of the seat body 1 is provided. A plurality of pin sheets 24b to be combined with the grooves 12 are formed, and pins 24c are attached to the respective pin sheets 24b. The compression spring 25 is fitted to the outer periphery of the seat body 1 and is limited between the flange 13 of the seat body 1 and the flange 24a of the fitting ring 24, which is subjected to the movement of the fitting ring 24 in the axial direction. Generate elasticity. The torsion spring 21 is configured to provide a resistance torque, and an upper fixed end 21a is formed at one end thereof, a lower fixed end 21b is formed at the other end, and the upper fixed end 21a is in a slit 22c of the thrust wheel 22. The lower fixed end 21 b is fitted into the slit 14 of the seat body 1, thereby restricting the thrust wheel 22 to the starting relative position of the seat body 1.

  The transmission device 3 includes an input gear 31, a front reduction wheel 32, a switching gear 33, and a rear reduction wheel 34. The input gear 31 is a power transmission gear of a power transmission device (not shown). The front reduction wheel 32 has an external gear structure, and a plurality of planet wheels 32a are pivotally connected to one end thereof, and a drive gear 32b is connected to the other end to transmit power to the rear reduction wheel 34. Each planet wheel 32a is At the same time, the input gear 31 meshes with the internal gear 22b of the thrust wheel 22, thereby forming a planetary gear reduction mechanism. The switching gear 33 has an internal gear structure, and has an annular groove 33a recessed inwardly around the outer ring, and a plurality of recessed grooves 33b dispersedly arranged on the end surface on the bottom end surface thereof. Each pin 24 c in the ring 24 passes through the guide groove 12 of the seat body 1 and is inserted into the annular groove 33 a, and each concave groove 33 b meshes with each flange at the bottom end of the accommodation chamber 11 of the seat body 1. The rear reduction wheel 34 has a disk structure, and a plurality of planetary gears 34a are pivoted at one end thereof, and an output gear 34b is fixed at the other end to output power to a power output device (not shown). The gear 34a meshes with the drive gear 32b of the front reduction wheel 32 and the internal teeth of the switching gear 33, thereby forming a planetary gear reduction mechanism.

  In the automatic transmission power transmission device of the present invention described above, the transmission device 3 and the torque feedback device 2 are attached to the housing chamber 11 of the seat 1, and in the starting state, the fitting ring 24 is connected to the compression spring 25. The pin 24c is positioned at the highest position of the guide groove 12 of the housing chamber 11 under the elastic action of the receiving chamber 11, and the annular groove 33a of the switching gear 33 is constrained by the pin 24c of the fitting ring 24 so that the switching is performed. The gear 33 is the extreme position above it. Further, in the starting state, the trapezoidal portion 22a in the thrust ring 22 meshes with the trapezoidal portion 23a of the slide ring 23, and the angular position of the thrust ring 22 is determined by the restraint of the torsion spring 21, and the slide ring 23 The axial position is determined under the restriction of the switching gear 33.

  As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, when the power transmission device is operated, the input gear 31 in the transmission device 3 is gradually input to the front reduction wheel 32 in a situation where a relatively large resistance torque is received. Thus, the planetary wheel 32a in the front reduction wheel 32 exerts a corresponding reaction force on the internal gear 22b of the thrust wheel 22 and tries to rotate the thrust wheel 22. However, the thrust wheel 22 cannot rotate unless the resistance force of the torsion spring 21 and the compression spring 25 is overcome. Generation of the reaction elasticity of the compression spring 25 is as follows. That is, the thrust wheel 22 pushes the slope of the trapezoidal portion 23a of the slide ring 23 by the slope of the trapezoidal portion 22a, and moves the slide ring 23 in the axial direction by guiding the ribs 23b of the grooves 15 of the seat body 1 Then, the slide ring 23 simultaneously pushes and moves the switching gear 33, and the switching gear 33 drives the pin 24c of the fitting ring 24 by the annular groove 33a, so that the fitting ring 24 compresses the compression spring 25. As a result, reaction elasticity is generated. In such a situation, when the torque exerted on the thrust wheel 22 of the front reduction wheel 32 reaches a certain amount, the plane of the bottom end of the trapezoidal portion 22a of the thrust wheel 22 is the upper end of the trapezoidal portion 23a of the slide ring 23. The switching gear 33 reaches the bottom limit position, and the groove 33b at the bottom engages with the flange at the bottom of the housing chamber 11 of the seat body 1.

  The magnitude of the torque for switching the speed reduction mechanism is determined by selecting the torsion spring 21 and the compression spring 25 having an appropriate elastic coefficient.

  The automatic transmission power transmission device of the present invention described above can be a power transmission device for an electric drill, and if a small torque output is provided at the time of drilling, the torque exerted on the thrust wheel 22 of the front reduction wheel 32 can be reduced. Since the resistance force of the torsion spring 21 and the compression spring 25 cannot be overcome, the thrust wheel 22 does not rotate, whereby the slide ring 23 and the switching gear 33 are started, and the switching gear 33 is moved to the front reduction wheel 32 and the rear. Simultaneously meshing with the planetary gear 34a of the reduction wheel 34, and the switching gear 33 rotates in synchronism with the front reduction wheel 32 and the rear reduction wheel 34. At this time, the relationship between the torque and the rotation speed is in a region near the maximum value of the efficiency curve. . If a large torque output is provided, the input gear 31 gradually increases the input torque, and the torque exerted on the thrust wheel 22 of the front reduction wheel 32 overcomes the resistance force of the torsion spring 21 and the compression spring 25. As a result, the thrust wheel 22 rotates as the torque increases, and finally the slide ring 23 and the switching gear 33 are brought into the lowest limit position so that the switching gear 33 is detached from the front reduction wheel 32. 34a, and the switching gear 33 is made non-rotatable because the concave groove 33b is engaged with the flange of the bottom of the housing chamber 11 of the seat body 1, and the relationship between the torque and the rotational speed provided at this time is a large efficiency curve. In the area near the value.

  The above is description of the Example for demonstrating this invention, and does not limit the scope of the present invention, and any modification or alteration of details that can be made based on the present invention belongs to the claims of the present invention. Shall.

1 is an exploded perspective view of a power transmission device capable of automatic transmission according to the present invention. It is sectional drawing of the seat of the power transmission device in which automatic transmission of this invention is possible. It is sectional drawing of the seat body under the 2nd step speed of the power transmission device of the automatic transmission of this invention. It is a side view which shows the meshing state of the thrust wheel and slide ring of the power transmission device of the power transmission device of the present invention capable of automatic transmission.

Explanation of symbols

1 Seat 11 Housing Chamber 12 Guide Groove 13 Flange 14 Slit 15 Groove 2 Torque Feedback Device 21 Torsion Spring 21a Upper Fixed End 21b Lower Fixed End 22 Thrust Wheel 22a Trapezoid 22b Internal Gear 22c Slit 23 Slide Ring 23a Trapezoid 23b Rib 24 Fitting wheel 24a Flange 24b Pin seat 24c Pin 24d Groove 25 Compression spring 3 Transmission device 31 Input gear 32 Front reduction wheel 32a Planetary wheel 32b Drive gear 33 Switching gear 33a Annular groove 33b Concave groove 34 Rear reduction wheel 34a Planetary gear 34b Output gear

Claims (2)

In a power transmission device capable of automatic transmission in which a transmission device and a torque feedback device are sequentially attached in a seat formed by a hollow case,
The seat body includes a plurality of guide grooves penetrating in the thickness direction, flanges are formed on the inner bottom portion and the outer bottom portion of the seat body, respectively, and the inner surface of the seat body is formed along the axial direction from the upper end surface. A plurality of elongated grooves are provided,
The transmission device is configured such that a switching gear having an internal gear structure is meshed with a first planetary gear set and a second planetary gear set, the first planetary gear set includes an external gear, and an outer ring around the switching gear. An annular groove recessed inward is formed in the periphery, and a plurality of recessed grooves to be combined with the flange of the inner bottom portion of the seat body are formed at the bottom of the outer surface of the switching gear,
The torque feedback device includes a thrust ring formed by a plurality of inclined surfaces that mesh with each other and a slide ring, and a fitting ring that is combined with a flange on the outer surface of the seat body, and a compression spring is provided by the fitting ring. A plurality of ribs that are interlaced around the outer ring of the seat body and that are fitted into the groove of the seat body are provided on the outer surface of the slide ring, and the slide ring can be reciprocated up and down along the groove, A plurality of pins attached to the fitting ring are inserted into the guide grooves of the seat body to be restricted, and the pins are inserted into the annular groove of the switching gear, and the switching gear is set to the first extreme position. Restrain and mesh with the first planetary gear set and the second planetary gear set, or restrain the switching gear to the second limit position and mesh with only the first planetary gear set,
When the aforementioned thrust wheel is rotated, the slide ring is pushed by the slope with which it engages, and the slide ring suppresses the switching gear and drives the fitting wheel to suppress the compression spring to thereby suppress the axial resistance force. Is generated,
When the switching gear is in the first limit position, it rotates synchronously with the first planetary gear set and the second planetary gear set;
A power transmission apparatus capable of automatic transmission, wherein when the aforementioned switching gear is in the second limit position, the concave groove at the bottom thereof meshes with the flange at the bottom of the seat body so as not to rotate. 2. The power transmission device capable of automatic transmission according to claim 1, wherein the torque feedback device includes a torsion spring, one end of the torsion spring is fixed to the outer edge of the thrust wheel, and the other end is fixed to the outer edge of the seat body. A power transmission device capable of automatic transmission.

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