JP2004254964A - Infant shoes - Google Patents

Infant shoes Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004254964A
JP2004254964A JP2003049978A JP2003049978A JP2004254964A JP 2004254964 A JP2004254964 A JP 2004254964A JP 2003049978 A JP2003049978 A JP 2003049978A JP 2003049978 A JP2003049978 A JP 2003049978A JP 2004254964 A JP2004254964 A JP 2004254964A
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JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
walking
infant
slip
center
heel
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Granted
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JP2003049978A
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Japanese (ja)
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JP4128470B2 (en
Inventor
健造 ▲葛▼西
Kenzo Kasai
Sachiyo Suzuki
幸代 鈴木
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Aprica Kassai KK
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Aprica Kassai KK
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Priority to JP2003049978A priority Critical patent/JP4128470B2/en
Publication of JP2004254964A publication Critical patent/JP2004254964A/en
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide infant shoes which have a slippage prevention structure especially suitable for the infants just starting walk. <P>SOLUTION: The infant shoes 10 have ant-slippage pieces 12 on the soles of the shoes bottoms 11 respectively consisting of the tip toe parts A, the intermediate parts B and the heel parts C. The anti-slippage pieces 12 are formed only in the external areas of the heel parts C and the intermediate parts B and the other portions are flat without the anti-slippage pieces. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO&NCIPI

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
この発明は、乳幼児用靴に関するものであり、特に歩き始めの乳幼児に適した乳幼児用靴に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
一般的に、靴の靴底の裏面には、滑り止めが形成される。図6は、特開2001−70007号公報に開示された大人の靴の靴底裏面を示している。
【0003】
靴底裏面は、図6に示すように、つま先部Aと中間部Bと踵部Cとから構成される。大人の靴の場合、歩行動作をスムーズに行なうようにするために、一般には、つま先部Aと中間部Bとにまたがって前方滑り止め1が形成され、踵部Cに後方滑り止め2が形成される。
【0004】
【特許文献1】
特開2001−70007号公報(図18)
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
歩き始めの乳幼児の歩行形態と大人の歩行形態とは、全く相違している。そのため、大人の靴に適用された滑り止めと同じ構造のものを歩き始めの乳幼児の靴に適用すると、危険な場合が生じてくる。
【0006】
この発明の目的は、歩き始めの乳幼児に特に適した滑り止め構造を有する乳幼児用靴を提供することである。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
この発明は、つま先部と中間部と踵部とから構成される靴底裏面に滑り止めを備えた乳幼児用靴を前提とし、以下の点を特徴とする。すなわち、滑り止めは、踵部および中間部の外側領域にのみ形成されている。
【0008】
一つの実施形態では、踵部の滑り止めと、中間部の外側領域の滑り止めとは、連続的に形成されている。
【0009】
上記各構成の作用効果については、発明の実施の形態の項で説明する。
【0010】
【発明の実施の形態】
図1は、土踏まずが形成された大人の足の裏を示している。図中、矢印で示すのは、歩行時の体重移動の軌跡である。大人の歩行時の重心移動に注目すると、最初に踵で接地し、重心が足の外側に移動して、第5中足骨骨頭部より第1中足骨骨頭部に移行し、母趾(第1指)の先端より抜けていく。
【0011】
土踏まずの形成されていない歩き始めの乳幼児の場合には、全く異なった重心移動の軌跡を描く。本願の発明者は、足裏の圧分布計測によって乳幼児の歩行分析を行なった。具体的には、歩き始めと歩き慣れた時期とでは足裏にかかる圧に相違が現れると予測し、歩行時の足裏への荷重負荷の状態および重心を把握するため、圧分布マットを用いて計測を行なった。
【0012】
被験者の生後13ヶ月、14ヶ月、15ケ月時に、呼びかけによる自由歩行で圧分布マット上を歩かせ、荷重変化および重心移動の比較を行なった。実験に使用した圧分布マットは、センサ分解能1[cm]、センサ部のサイズが48cm×44cmで、垂直力を圧情報として出力できる。センサの測定範囲は1.96〜19.6[kPa]、精度は±10%である。このマットを2枚つなげ、有効測定領域が96cm×44cmとなるように設置し、サンプリング周波数100[Hz]で計測を行なった。
【0013】
生後13ヶ月、14ヶ月、15ヶ月時のそれぞれの計測結果の中から、立脚時間がほぼ同一の右足1歩を選出し、比較を行なう。乳幼児の足裏はまだ未発達であり、扁平足であるため、図2に示すように、足長の中心で荷重分布を前部と後部とに分割した。
【0014】
図3は、右足荷重の時間変化を示している。生後13ヶ月、14ヶ月、15ヶ月のときのそれぞれにおいて、後部荷重が0[N]になる時刻を見ると、13ヶ月時で0.19[s]、14ヶ月時で0.29[s]、15ヶ月時で0.31[s]であり、後部への荷重時間が成長に伴って徐々に増加している。これは、ほぼ足全体で着地し、その後踵が浮いてゆくという未熟な歩き方から、踵から着地し、徐々に前部へ荷重を移動してゆく歩き方に発達していることを示している。
【0015】
図4は、足裏の重心移動の軌跡を示している。13ヶ月時では、踵からつま先へ直線状に重心が移動しているのに対し、14ヶ月時、15ヶ月時になるに従い、弧を描いてつま先へ向かって重心が移動している。すなわち、足幅方向へも重心移動があることにより、安定感が得られ、歩行が上達しているのがわかる。
【0016】
本願の発明者は、さらに、乳幼児の左右の足の重心移動の軌跡も調査した。図5は、歩行開始時期の一例として生後13ヶ月(歩行開始後1か月)の乳幼児、および歩き慣れた時期の一例として生後19ケ月(歩行開始後9ヶ月)の乳幼児の重心移動の軌跡、時間因子および距離因子を示している。
【0017】
図5の(a)および(b)を比較すれば明らかなように、歩行開始時期は足中央部へ重心が移動し、そのまま次の足へと移動している。これは、片足立脚時に、重心が前足部へ移動する前に次の足が着地し、両足接地した状態で重心を移動させているためである。すなわち、重心移動が効率良く行なわれていない。
【0018】
歩き慣れた時期では、重心は踵部を通り前足部へ移動し、次の足の踵部へ移動している。すなわち、片足立脚時に踵から前足部への重心移動が見られ、その後次の足が着地している。これは、前足部で地面を蹴る動作の現れであると考えられる。
【0019】
次に1歩行周期中の片足立脚している時間の割合を示す遊脚時間率では、歩行開始時は21.5%、歩き慣れた時期では31.0%と増加しており、片足立脚時の安定性が増している。また、歩幅は、歩行開始時が25.9cmであるのに対し、歩き慣れた時期では37.4cmと大きくなっており、歩行速度も0.63km/hから1.35km/hへと増加している。このことから、歩行の効率が良くなっていると考えられる。
【0020】
以上の計測結果から、歩行開始から歩き慣れて行くに従い歩行時の安定性の増加、歩行効率の増加が見られ、歩行が上達していることが認められた。
【0021】
本発明は、上記のような乳幼児の歩行特性を考慮して、歩き始めの乳幼児に特に適した乳幼児用靴を提供しようとするものである。より特定的には、歩き始めの乳幼児に適した滑り止め構造を提供しようとするものである。
【0022】
図7および図8は、この発明の一実施形態を示している。図7に示すように、乳幼児用靴10は、靴底11を有している。
【0023】
図8に示すように、靴底11は、つま先部Aと中間部Bと踵部Cとから構成されており、裏面の滑り止め12は、踵部Cに形成された後部滑り止め12aと、中間部Bの外側領域に形成された側部滑り止め12bとを有する。
【0024】
図示した実施形態では、後部滑り止め12aと側部滑り止め12bとは、連続的に形成されている。靴底11の裏面領域全体でみると、上記の滑り止め12が形成されている領域以外は、どこにも滑り止めが無く、フラットな面となっている。具体的には、靴底11の裏面のつま先部A、中間部Bの中央領域および内側領域には、滑り止めが形成されていない。
【0025】
前述したように、歩き始めでよちよち歩きの段階の乳幼児の歩行動作は、足裏全体をほぼ同時に地面に接地するぺったん歩きであり、重心移動の軌跡は、踵部分から入り、ほぼ直線的に延びて親指(第1指)のところから抜ける。また、歩き始めの時期の乳幼児は、左右に身体を傾けてふらふらと歩くため、外側に向けて重心をかけることがある。
【0026】
よちよち歩きの乳幼児にとって、靴底裏面の前方部分、すなわち中間部Bからつま先部Aに亘って滑り止めがあると、前方につっかかりが生じてしまい、歩行動作がしづらくなる。
【0027】
乳幼児の歩行動作はぺったん歩きといいながらも、厳密には、まず踵から着地するので、靴底11の踵部Cには滑り止め12aが必要である。さらに歩行動作中に外側によろけたときの滑り止めとして、踵部Cから中間部Bの外側領域にまで滑り止め12bを設けている。そして、その他の部分には、滑り止めを設けず、フラットにして歩行動作時におけるつっかかりを生じさせないようにする。
【0028】
乳幼児の歩行動作が上達し、重心移動の軌跡が円弧状を描くようになれば、乳幼児は、つま先で地面を蹴ることができるようになる。図9〜図11に示す乳幼児用靴20は、このような段階の乳幼児に適したものである。図9は斜視図、図10は側面図、図11は靴底裏面を示している。
【0029】
特に図11から明らかなように、乳幼児用靴20の靴底は、つま先部Aと中間部Bと踵部Cとから構成されており、踵部Cおよび中間部Bの外側領域に滑り止め22が形成されている。つま先で地面を蹴ることができるようになった乳幼児の場合には、靴底21の前方部分、例えば、つま先部Aや中間部Bの中央領域に滑り止めを設けるようにしてもよい。
【0030】
図示するように、つま先部Aと中間部Bとの間の遷移領域の靴底裏面に、幅方向に延びる複数の横溝23が形成されている。複数の横溝23は、歩行時における乳幼児のつま先の曲げ動作に追従して靴底21が容易に曲がるようにするためのものである。
【0031】
複数の横溝23を設けることにより、屈曲する領域は広がる。また、各横溝23は、図9および図10に示すように、その両端が靴底21の側面にまでせり上がっているので、この横溝23が位置する部分では非常に柔らかくなり、よりしなやかに屈曲するようになる。さらに、横溝23は、好ましくは、直線的に延びるのではなく、図示するように乳幼児の足の中足骨アーチに沿うように僅かに湾曲しているので、乳幼児は、靴20を着用している状態でも、裸足で地面の上を歩行しているように自然につま先を曲げることができる。
【0032】
以上、この発明を図面を参照して説明したが、この発明は、図示した実施形態に限定されるものではない。特許請求の範囲に記載された発明と同一の範囲内において、あるいは均等の範囲内において、図示した実施形態に対して種々の修正や変形を加えることが可能である。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】大人の足の重心移動の軌跡を示す図である。
【図2】圧分布分析のために乳幼児の足を前部と後部とに分割したことを示す図である。
【図3】右足荷重の時間変化を示す図である。
【図4】足裏の重心移動の軌跡を示す図である。
【図5】左右の足の重心移動の軌跡を示す図である。
【図6】大人の靴の靴底裏面を示す図である。
【図7】この発明の一実施形態の斜視図である。
【図8】図7の乳幼児用靴の裏面を示す図である。
【図9】この発明の他の実施形態を示す図である。
【図10】図9の乳幼児用靴の側面図である。
【図11】図9の乳幼児用靴の裏面を示す図である。
【符号の説明】
A つま先部、B 中間部、C 踵部、1 前方滑り止め、2 後方滑り止め、10 乳幼児用靴、11 靴底、12 滑り止め、12a 後部滑り止め、12b 側部滑り止め、20 乳幼児用靴、21 靴底、22 滑り止め、23 横溝。
[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an infant shoe, and more particularly to an infant shoe suitable for an infant who has started walking.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Generally, a non-slip is formed on the back surface of the sole of a shoe. FIG. 6 shows the sole bottom of an adult shoe disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-70007.
[0003]
As shown in FIG. 6, the sole surface of the shoe sole includes a toe portion A, an intermediate portion B, and a heel portion C. In the case of an adult shoe, a front slip stopper 1 is generally formed over the toe portion A and the middle portion B, and a rear slip stopper 2 is formed on the heel portion C in order to smoothly perform the walking operation. Is done.
[0004]
[Patent Document 1]
JP 2001-70007 A (FIG. 18)
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The walking form of an infant who starts walking and that of an adult are completely different. Therefore, applying the same structure as the non-slip applied to the adult shoe to the infant's shoes that are starting to walk may cause a dangerous situation.
[0006]
An object of the present invention is to provide an infant shoe having a non-slip structure particularly suitable for an infant who has started walking.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention is premised on an infant's shoe having a toe portion, an intermediate portion, and a heel portion and having a non-slip surface on the back surface of the shoe sole, and has the following features. That is, the non-slip is formed only in the outer region of the heel portion and the intermediate portion.
[0008]
In one embodiment, the non-slip in the heel and the non-slip in the outer region of the middle part are formed continuously.
[0009]
The operation and effect of each of the above configurations will be described in the section of the embodiment of the invention.
[0010]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
FIG. 1 shows the sole of an adult with an arch formed. In the figure, the arrows indicate the trajectories of weight shift during walking. When attention is paid to the movement of the center of gravity during walking of an adult, first, the ground touches the heel, the center of gravity moves to the outside of the foot, and the head moves from the fifth metatarsal head to the first metatarsal head, and It comes off from the tip of the first finger).
[0011]
In the case of an infant who has begun to walk without forming an arch, a completely different locus of movement of the center of gravity is drawn. The inventor of the present application analyzed the walking of infants by measuring the pressure distribution on the soles. Specifically, the pressure distribution mat is used to predict the difference in the pressure applied to the sole between the start of walking and the time when the user is used to walking, and to grasp the state of the load applied to the sole and the center of gravity during walking. Measurement.
[0012]
At 13 months, 14 months, and 15 months after the birth of the subject, the subject was allowed to walk on the pressure distribution mat by free walking by calling, and the change in load and the movement of the center of gravity were compared. The pressure distribution mat used in the experiment has a sensor resolution of 1 [cm 2 ], a sensor unit size of 48 cm × 44 cm, and can output normal force as pressure information. The measurement range of the sensor is 1.96 to 19.6 [kPa], and the accuracy is ± 10%. Two mats were connected to each other, placed so that the effective measurement area was 96 cm × 44 cm, and measurement was performed at a sampling frequency of 100 [Hz].
[0013]
One step of the right foot having substantially the same standing time is selected from the respective measurement results at 13 months, 14 months, and 15 months after birth, and the comparison is performed. Since the soles of the infants are still undeveloped and flat feet, the load distribution is divided into a front part and a rear part at the center of the foot length as shown in FIG.
[0014]
FIG. 3 shows a temporal change of the right foot load. Looking at the time when the rear load becomes 0 [N] at each of 13 months, 14 months, and 15 months after birth, it is 0.19 [s] at 13 months and 0.29 [s] at 14 months. , At 15 months, 0.31 [s], and the load time on the rear part gradually increases with growth. This indicates that from the immature way of walking, where the foot lands on almost the entire foot, and then the heel floats, it develops into a way of walking that lands from the heel and gradually shifts the load to the front. I have.
[0015]
FIG. 4 shows the locus of movement of the center of gravity of the sole. At the time of 13 months, the center of gravity moves linearly from the heel to the toe, whereas as the months of 14 months and 15 months progress, the center of gravity moves toward the toes in an arc. In other words, it can be seen that the center of gravity also moves in the width direction of the foot, so that a sense of stability is obtained and walking is improved.
[0016]
The inventor of the present application also investigated the locus of the center of gravity movement of the left and right feet of the infant. FIG. 5 is a trajectory of the center of gravity of an infant at the age of 13 months (one month after the start of walking) as an example of the walking start time and an infant at the age of nineteen months (9 months after the start of walking) as an example of the time at which the user is used to walking. The time factor and the distance factor are shown.
[0017]
As is clear from the comparison between (a) and (b) of FIG. 5, the center of gravity moves to the center of the foot at the time of walking start, and moves to the next foot as it is. This is because, when one foot is standing, before the center of gravity moves to the forefoot, the next foot lands, and the center of gravity is moved with both feet touching. That is, the center of gravity is not moved efficiently.
[0018]
At the time of walking, the center of gravity moves to the forefoot through the heel and then to the heel of the next foot. That is, the center of gravity shifts from the heel to the forefoot when one foot is standing, and then the next foot lands. This is considered to be a manifestation of the action of kicking the ground with the forefoot.
[0019]
Next, the free leg time ratio, which indicates the percentage of time during which one foot is standing on one leg, increases to 21.5% at the start of walking and 31.0% at the time when the user is used to walking. Has increased stability. Also, the stride is 25.9 cm at the start of walking, while it is 37.4 cm at the time when the user is used to walking, and the walking speed also increases from 0.63 km / h to 1.35 km / h. ing. From this, it is considered that the walking efficiency is improved.
[0020]
From the above measurement results, the stability during walking and the walking efficiency were increased as the user became accustomed to walking from the start of walking, and it was recognized that walking was improved.
[0021]
The present invention is intended to provide an infant's shoe particularly suitable for an infant who has begun to walk, in consideration of the walking characteristics of the infant as described above. More specifically, an attempt is made to provide a non-slip structure suitable for an infant who is beginning to walk.
[0022]
7 and 8 show one embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 7, the infant shoe 10 has a shoe sole 11.
[0023]
As shown in FIG. 8, the sole 11 includes a toe portion A, an intermediate portion B, and a heel portion C, and the non-slip 12 on the back surface includes a rear non-slip portion 12 a formed on the heel portion C, And a side non-slip 12b formed in an outer region of the intermediate portion B.
[0024]
In the illustrated embodiment, the rear cleats 12a and the side cleats 12b are formed continuously. Looking at the entire back surface area of the sole 11, there is no non-slip anywhere except in the area where the non-slip 12 is formed, and the surface is flat. Specifically, a slip stopper is not formed in the center area and the inner area of the toe portion A and the intermediate portion B on the back surface of the sole 11.
[0025]
As described above, the infant's walking movement in the toddler stage at the beginning of walking is a flat walking in which the entire sole touches the ground almost simultaneously, and the trajectory of the movement of the center of gravity enters from the heel part and extends almost linearly. From the thumb (first finger). In addition, an infant at the beginning of walking may lean on his body to the left and right and walk stably, so that the center of gravity may be directed outward.
[0026]
For a toddler toddler, if there is a non-slip from the front portion of the sole surface of the shoe sole, that is, from the middle portion B to the toe portion A, the frontal portion is stuck and the walking operation becomes difficult.
[0027]
Although the infant's walking movement is called "walking", strictly speaking, since the infant first lands on the heel, the heel C of the shoe sole 11 needs the non-slip 12a. Further, a non-slip 12b is provided from the heel portion C to the outer region of the intermediate portion B as a non-slip when the outside is unraveled during the walking operation. The other parts are not provided with a non-slip and are made flat so as not to cause a jam during a walking operation.
[0028]
If the infant's walking motion improves and the trajectory of the movement of the center of gravity draws an arc shape, the infant can kick the ground with his toes. The infant shoe 20 shown in FIGS. 9 to 11 is suitable for an infant in such a stage. 9 shows a perspective view, FIG. 10 shows a side view, and FIG. 11 shows a shoe sole back surface.
[0029]
11, the sole of the infant shoe 20 is composed of a toe portion A, an intermediate portion B, and a heel portion C. Is formed. In the case of an infant who can kick the ground with his toes, a non-slip may be provided in the front part of the sole 21, for example, in the center area of the toes A and the middle parts B.
[0030]
As shown in the figure, a plurality of lateral grooves 23 extending in the width direction are formed on the back surface of the sole in the transition region between the toe portion A and the intermediate portion B. The plurality of lateral grooves 23 are for allowing the shoe sole 21 to bend easily following the bending operation of the toes of the infant during walking.
[0031]
By providing the plurality of lateral grooves 23, the bent area is expanded. Further, as shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, each lateral groove 23 has both ends raised up to the side surface of the shoe sole 21, so that the portion where the lateral groove 23 is located becomes very soft and flexes more flexibly. I will do it. Further, the lateral grooves 23 are preferably not straight, but are slightly curved to follow the metatarsal arch of the infant's foot as shown, so that the infant may wear the shoe 20. Even when you are, you can naturally bend your toes as if you were walking barefoot on the ground.
[0032]
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the drawings, the present invention is not limited to the illustrated embodiment. Various modifications and variations can be made to the illustrated embodiment within the same or equivalent scope as the invention described in the claims.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a locus of movement of the center of gravity of an adult's foot.
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing that a baby's foot is divided into a front part and a rear part for pressure distribution analysis.
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a temporal change of a right foot load.
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a locus of movement of the center of gravity of the sole.
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a locus of movement of the center of gravity of right and left feet.
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the sole bottom of an adult shoe.
FIG. 7 is a perspective view of one embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a back surface of the infant shoe of FIG. 7;
FIG. 9 is a diagram showing another embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 10 is a side view of the infant shoe of FIG. 9;
FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a back surface of the infant shoe of FIG. 9;
[Explanation of symbols]
A toe, B middle, C heel, 1 front non-slip, 2 rear non-slip, 10 baby shoes, 11 shoe sole, 12 non-slip, 12a rear non-slip, 12b side non-slip, 20 baby shoes , 21 soles, 22 non-slip, 23 side grooves.

Claims (2)

つま先部と中間部と踵部とから構成される靴底裏面に滑り止めを備えた乳幼児用靴において、
前記滑り止めは、前記踵部および前記中間部の外側領域にのみ形成されていることを特徴とする、乳幼児用靴。
In infants' shoes with a non-slip on the sole bottom consisting of a toe part, an intermediate part and a heel part,
The non-slip shoe is formed only in an outer region of the heel portion and the intermediate portion.
前記踵部の滑り止めと、前記中間部の外側領域の滑り止めとは、連続的に形成されている、請求項1に記載の乳幼児用靴。The infant shoe according to claim 1, wherein the non-slip of the heel portion and the non-slip of the outer region of the intermediate portion are formed continuously.
JP2003049978A 2003-02-26 2003-02-26 Baby shoes Expired - Fee Related JP4128470B2 (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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JP4128470B2 JP4128470B2 (en) 2008-07-30

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2013153806A1 (en) * 2012-04-12 2013-10-17 テルモ株式会社 Orthopedic disease risk assessment system and information processing device

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2013153806A1 (en) * 2012-04-12 2013-10-17 テルモ株式会社 Orthopedic disease risk assessment system and information processing device
JPWO2013153806A1 (en) * 2012-04-12 2015-12-17 テルモ株式会社 Orthopedic disease risk evaluation system and information processing apparatus

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