JP2004251615A - Top plate for cooking device - Google Patents
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家庭用や業務用の調理器として、従来からのガスコンロだけでなく、ラジエントヒーターやハロゲンヒーターを用いた赤外線加熱調理器、電磁加熱(IH)調理器が用いられるようになってきた。 As cooking appliances for home and business use, not only conventional gas stoves, but also infrared heating appliances and electromagnetic heating (IH) appliances using a radiant heater or a halogen heater have come to be used.
このような調理器のトッププレートとしては、着色させることによって調理器の内部が見えないように遮蔽し、ラジエントヒーターやハロゲンヒーターからの赤外線を透過する特性を有する有色低膨張結晶化ガラスがある(例えば、特許文献1参照。)。 As a top plate of such a cooking device, there is a colored low-expansion crystallized glass having a property of shielding the inside of the cooking device so as to be invisible by coloring and transmitting infrared rays from a radiant heater or a halogen heater ( For example, see Patent Document 1.)
また、電磁加熱調理器は、赤外線加熱調理器のように、ラジエントヒーターやハロゲンヒーターが発熱して赤い光を発しないため、加熱されていることを認識できない。したがって、安全のために、電磁加熱調理器は、発光ダイオードなどの発光素子を透明なトッププレートの下部に設置して、発光素子からの光によって加熱中であることを認識できるように、発光素子の部分を除き非透光性塗料をトッププレートの裏面に形成していた(例えば、特許文献2参照。)。 Further, in the electromagnetic heating cooker, unlike the infrared heating cooker, the radiant heater and the halogen heater generate heat and do not emit red light. Therefore, for safety, the electromagnetic heating cooker has a light emitting element such as a light emitting diode installed under the transparent top plate so that the light from the light emitting element can recognize that heating is being performed. The non-translucent paint is formed on the back surface of the top plate except for the part (see, for example, Patent Document 2).
尚、発光素子としては、単に加熱の有無を認識させるだけでなく、印加される電力量や温度を色で表現できることも要求されており、そのため、赤色の発光素子の他に、青色、緑色、黄色の発光素子を使うことが望まれている。
しかしながら、特許文献2に記載された非透光性塗料は、印刷工程や場合によっては焼き付け工程が必要となるため、安価なトッププレートを提供することは難しい。しかも、非透光性塗料は、トッププレート基板よりも熱膨張係数が大きいため、非透光性塗料とトッププレート基板との熱膨張差による応力が発生しやすく、また長期間においてトッププレートの昇降温の繰り返しによって非透光性塗料が劣化して、クラックの発生や剥離が生じる虞があった。 However, the non-translucent paint described in Patent Document 2 requires a printing step and, in some cases, a baking step, and thus it is difficult to provide an inexpensive top plate. In addition, since the non-translucent paint has a larger thermal expansion coefficient than the top plate substrate, stress due to the difference in thermal expansion between the non-translucent paint and the top plate substrate is likely to occur, and the top plate can be moved up and down for a long period of time. The non-translucent paint is degraded by the repetition of the temperature, and there is a possibility that cracks are generated or peeled off.
また、特許文献1に記載された有色低膨張結晶化ガラスからなるトッププレートを電磁加熱調理器用トッププレートとして用いると、非透光性塗料を印刷する必要はないが、赤色の発光素子からの光が、充分に透過せず、青色、緑色、黄色等の発光素子からの光は、ほとんど透過しないという問題がある。 Further, when the top plate made of colored low-expansion crystallized glass described in Patent Document 1 is used as a top plate for an electromagnetic heating cooker, it is not necessary to print a non-transparent paint, but light from a red light emitting element is used. However, there is a problem that light from light-emitting elements such as blue, green, and yellow is hardly transmitted because the light does not transmit sufficiently.
本発明の目的は、上記問題に鑑みなされたものであり、加熱装置、配線等の調理器の内部構造を隠蔽でき、青色、緑色、黄色、赤色等の発光素子からの光を十分に透過し、安価な有色結晶化ガラスからなる調理器用トッププレートを提供することである。 The object of the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and can conceal the internal structure of a cooking device such as a heating device and wiring, and can sufficiently transmit light from light-emitting elements such as blue, green, yellow, and red. It is an object of the present invention to provide a cooker top plate made of inexpensive colored crystallized glass.
本発明の調理器用トッププレートは、C光源におけるCIEのXYZ表示系のY値(明度)が、肉厚3mmで2.5〜15である有色結晶化ガラスからなることを特徴とする。 A top plate for a cooker according to the present invention is characterized in that a Y value (brightness) of a CIE XYZ display system of a C light source is made of colored crystallized glass having a thickness of 3 mm and a thickness of 2.5 to 15.
本発明の調理器用トッププレートは、C光源におけるCIEのXYZ表示系のY値(明度)が、肉厚3mmで2.5〜15である有色結晶化ガラスからなるため、加熱装置、配線等の調理器の内部構造を隠蔽でき、青色、緑色、黄色、赤色等の発光素子からの光を十分に透過し、しかも安価である。すなわち、結晶化ガラスが、V2O5等の着色剤を含有し、着色しているため、非透光性塗料を印刷する必要がなく、安価に作製できる。また、Y値(明度)が2.5よりも大きいため、青色、緑色、黄色、赤色等の発光素子からの光を十分に透過でき、15よりも小さいため、調理器内部が透けて見えることがなく、加熱装置、配線等の調理器の内部構造を隠蔽できる。尚、Y値(明度)の好ましい範囲は、2.8〜13であり、さらに好ましい範囲は、3.0〜10である。 The top plate for a cooker according to the present invention is made of colored crystallized glass having a C light source with a CIE XYZ display system having a Y value (brightness) of 2.5 to 15 with a thickness of 3 mm and a heating device, wiring, and the like. The internal structure of the cooker can be concealed, light from blue, green, yellow, and red light-emitting elements can be sufficiently transmitted, and the cost is low. That is, since the crystallized glass contains a coloring agent such as V 2 O 5 and is colored, there is no need to print a non-translucent paint, and the glass can be manufactured at low cost. In addition, since the Y value (brightness) is larger than 2.5, light from light emitting elements such as blue, green, yellow, and red can be sufficiently transmitted, and since it is smaller than 15, the inside of the cooking appliance can be seen through. Therefore, the internal structure of the cooking device such as a heating device and wiring can be concealed. Note that a preferable range of the Y value (brightness) is 2.8 to 13, and a more preferable range is 3.0 to 10.
本発明の調理器用トッププレートは、有色結晶化ガラスが、V2O5を0.01〜0.5質量%含有するとY値(明度)が2.5〜15になりやすい。V2O5の含有量が0.01質量%よりも少ないと、Y値(明度)が15よりも大きくなりやすく、0.5質量%よりも多いと、Y値(明度)が2.5よりも小さくなりやすいとともに、長期の使用によって変色しやすくなる。尚、V2O5の含有量の好ましい範囲は、0.02〜0.3質量%である。 Top plate for a cooking appliance of the present invention, colored crystallized glass, when the V 2 O 5 containing 0.01 to 0.5 wt% Y value (lightness) tends to 2.5-15. When the content of V 2 O 5 is less than 0.01% by mass, the Y value (lightness) tends to be larger than 15, and when it is more than 0.5% by mass, the Y value (lightness) becomes 2.5. In addition to being smaller than the above, the color tends to be changed by long-term use. The preferred range of the content of V 2 O 5 is 0.02 to 0.3% by mass.
V2O5による結晶化ガラスの着色は、結晶性ガラスの酸化還元(レドックス)に影響され、結晶性ガラスの酸化度が高いほどその着色は弱くなる。結晶性ガラスの酸化度は、Fe2+比率(Fe2+/全Fe)又はAs3+比率(As3+/As)を指標として表すことができる。すなわち、還元体であるFe2+比率やAs3+比率が低いと、ガラスの酸化度は高いと判断できる。 The coloring of the crystallized glass by V 2 O 5 is affected by the oxidation-reduction (redox) of the crystalline glass, and the coloring becomes weaker as the degree of oxidation of the crystalline glass increases. The degree of oxidation of the crystalline glass can be expressed using the Fe 2+ ratio (Fe 2+ / total Fe) or the As 3+ ratio (As 3+ / As) as an index. That is, when the Fe 2+ ratio or As 3+ ratio as the reductant is low, it can be determined that the degree of oxidation of the glass is high.
具体的には、本発明の調理器用トッププレートは、Fe2+比率が質量%で75%以下である結晶性ガラスを熱処理することによって作製した有色結晶化ガラスからなると、Y値(明度)が2.5以上になりやすい。Fe2+比率(Fe2+/全Fe)の好ましい範囲は28〜75%であり、Fe2+比率が28%よりも低いと、Y値が15よりも大きくなりやすい。さらに好ましい範囲は35〜70%である。 Specifically, when the top plate for a cooker of the present invention is made of colored crystallized glass produced by heat-treating a crystalline glass having a Fe 2+ ratio of 75% or less by mass, the Y value (brightness) becomes higher. It is likely to be 2.5 or more. The preferable range of the Fe 2+ ratio (Fe 2+ / total Fe) is 28 to 75%. When the Fe 2+ ratio is lower than 28%, the Y value tends to be larger than 15. A more preferred range is 35 to 70%.
また、As3+比率(As3+/As)が質量%で97%以下である結晶性ガラスを熱処理することによって作製した有色結晶化ガラスからなると、Y値(明度)が2.5以上になりやすい。As3+比率(As3+/全As)の好ましい範囲は、95%以下、さらに好ましい範囲は55〜95%であり、As3+比率が55%よりも低いと、Y値が15よりも大きくなりやすい。特に好ましい範囲は、65〜95%である。 Further, when a colored crystallized glass produced by heat-treating a crystalline glass having an As 3+ ratio (As 3+ / As) of 97% or less by mass% has a Y value (brightness) of 2.5 or more. Prone. A preferred range of the As3 + ratio (As3 + / total As) is 95% or less, and a more preferred range is 55 to 95%. When the As3 + ratio is lower than 55%, the Y value is higher than 15. Easy to grow. A particularly preferred range is 65-95%.
また、結晶性ガラスを熱処理する条件として、核形成処理温度(一次処理温度)は、600〜800℃、核形成処理時間(一次処理時間)は、0.5〜5時間、結晶成長処理温度(二次処理温度)は、830〜910℃、結晶成長処理時間(二次処理時間)は0.1〜3時間であり、核形成処理に続けて結晶成長処理を行うと好ましい。 As the conditions for heat treating the crystalline glass, the nucleation processing temperature (primary processing temperature) is 600 to 800 ° C, the nucleation processing time (primary processing time) is 0.5 to 5 hours, and the crystal growth processing temperature ( The secondary treatment temperature is 830 to 910 ° C., and the crystal growth treatment time (secondary treatment time) is 0.1 to 3 hours. It is preferable to perform the crystal growth treatment following the nucleation treatment.
結晶性ガラス中のFe2+比率(Fe2+/全Fe)を75質量%以下に、又はAs3+比率(As3+/全As)を97質量%以下にする方法としては、溶融温度の低下、硝酸塩などの酸化剤の添加、還元剤の減量などが挙げられる。 As a method of reducing the Fe 2+ ratio (Fe 2+ / total Fe) in the crystalline glass to 75% by mass or less or the As 3+ ratio (As 3+ / total As) to 97% by mass or less, the melting temperature Reduction, addition of oxidizing agent such as nitrate, reduction of reducing agent, and the like.
溶融温度の低下については、例えば、溶融温度1600℃、溶融時間が20時間において、溶融温度を100℃下げると、Fe2+比率を30%、As3+比率を25%減少させることができる。 Regarding the decrease in the melting temperature, for example, if the melting temperature is lowered by 100 ° C. at a melting temperature of 1600 ° C. and a melting time of 20 hours, the Fe 2+ ratio can be reduced by 30% and the As 3+ ratio can be reduced by 25%.
酸化剤の添加については、例えば、硝酸塩の添加割合を2%増加させると、溶融温度1600℃、溶融時間6時間において、Fe2+比率を3%減少、As3+比率を3%減少させることができる。 Regarding the addition of the oxidizing agent, for example, when the addition ratio of nitrate is increased by 2%, the Fe 2+ ratio is reduced by 3% and the As 3+ ratio is reduced by 3% at a melting temperature of 1600 ° C. and a melting time of 6 hours. Can be.
還元剤の減量については、アルミニウム金属やカーボンを添加している場合、例えば、溶融温度1600℃、溶融時間が20時間において、アルミニウム金属もしくはカーボンを0.5質量%減量させると、Fe2+比率を20%減少、As3+比率を15%減少させることができる。 Regarding the reduction of the reducing agent, when aluminum metal or carbon is added, for example, if the aluminum metal or carbon is reduced by 0.5% by mass at a melting temperature of 1600 ° C. and a melting time of 20 hours, the Fe 2+ ratio is reduced. Can be reduced by 20%, and the As 3+ ratio can be reduced by 15%.
このように、同じガラス組成であっても、溶融温度や酸化剤、還元剤の使用量によって、Y値の異なる結晶化ガラスからなるトッププレートの作製が可能となる。ガラス組成を変える必要が無いため、従来品と同じ溶融窯を用いて連続した生産ができ、安価なトッププレートの提供が可能となる。 Thus, even with the same glass composition, it becomes possible to produce a top plate made of crystallized glass having different Y values depending on the melting temperature and the amount of the oxidizing agent and the reducing agent used. Since there is no need to change the glass composition, continuous production can be performed using the same melting furnace as a conventional product, and an inexpensive top plate can be provided.
Fe2+比率が75質量%よりも高く、又はAs3+比率が96質量%よりも高くなった場合でも、着色剤V2O5を減量して明度を2.5以上にすることは可能である。しかし、その場合、原料や工程で混入しやすいFe、Cr、Niなどの不純物着色が強くなり、所望の色調が得られないことがある。また、不純物量の変動によって色調変動するという問題も生じるため好ましくない。 Even when the Fe 2+ ratio is higher than 75% by mass or the As 3+ ratio is higher than 96% by mass, it is possible to reduce the colorant V 2 O 5 to increase the brightness to 2.5 or more. It is. However, in such a case, coloring of impurities such as Fe, Cr, and Ni which are easily mixed in the raw materials and processes becomes strong, and a desired color tone may not be obtained. Further, there is a problem that the color tone fluctuates due to the fluctuation of the amount of impurities.
また、本発明の調理器用トッププレートは、30〜750℃における平均熱膨張係数が、−10〜+30×10-7/℃である有色結晶化ガラスからなると、耐熱衝撃性が高く、使用時にトッププレートの面内に温度分布が生じても破損しにくいため好ましい。特に、有色結晶化ガラスとしては、β−ユークリプタイト固溶体を主結晶として60〜90質量%析出し、V2O5を含有するLi2O−Al2O3−SiO2系有色結晶化ガラスが好適である。 Further, the top plate for a cooker of the present invention is made of colored crystallized glass having an average coefficient of thermal expansion at -30 to 750 ° C of -10 to + 30 × 10 -7 / ° C. This is preferable because even if a temperature distribution occurs in the plane of the plate, the plate is hardly damaged. In particular, as a colored crystallized glass, a β-eucryptite solid solution is precipitated as a main crystal in an amount of 60 to 90% by mass, and a Li 2 O—Al 2 O 3 —SiO 2 system colored crystallized glass containing V 2 O 5 is contained. Is preferred.
具体的には、有色結晶化ガラスとしては、質量%で、SiO2 55〜75%、Al2 O3 14〜28%、Li2 O 2.5〜7%、MgO 0〜4%、ZnO 0〜5%、TiO2 0〜6%、ZrO2 0〜3%、V2O5 0.01〜0.5%、Na2 O 0〜5%、K2 O 0〜5%、Fe2O3 0.001〜0.3%、As2O3 0.001〜2.5%、CaO 0〜5%、BaO 0〜7%、PbO 0〜3%の組成を有し、β−石英固溶体結晶を析出してなる有色結晶ガラスが好適である。 Specifically, as the colored crystallized glass, 55 to 75% of SiO 2, 14 to 28% of Al 2 O 3, 2.5 to 7% of Li 2 O, 0 to 4% of MgO, and ZnO 0 ~5%, TiO 2 0~6%, ZrO 2 0~3%, V 2 O 5 0.01~0.5%, Na 2 O 0~5%, K 2 O 0~5%, Fe 2 O 3 0.001~0.3%, As 2 O 3 0.001~2.5%, a CaO 0~5%, BaO 0~7%, the composition of PbO 0 to 3%, beta-quartz solid solution A colored crystal glass formed by precipitating crystals is preferred.
また、本発明の調理器用トッププレートは、2.5〜6mmの肉厚を有すると好ましい。肉厚が2.5mmよりも薄いと、機械的強度が低く、調理時に破壊しやすくなる。6mmよりも厚いと、材料コストが高くなるのは勿論のこと、均質な結晶化を行うことが難しく、均質な結晶化を行うためには、熱処理時間を長くしたり、均熱性の高い結晶化炉を使用する必要があり、コストがアップしやすい。また、機械的な加工精度も得にくいという問題がある。 Further, the top plate for a cooker of the present invention preferably has a thickness of 2.5 to 6 mm. If the wall thickness is less than 2.5 mm, the mechanical strength is low, and it is easily broken during cooking. If the thickness is more than 6 mm, not only the material cost is increased, but also it is difficult to perform homogeneous crystallization. A furnace must be used, and the cost is likely to increase. Further, there is a problem that it is difficult to obtain mechanical processing accuracy.
本発明の調理器用トッププレートを、実施例に基づいて詳細に説明する。 The cooker top plate of the present invention will be described in detail based on examples.
表1は、本発明の実施例1〜5を、表2は、実施例6〜8及び比較例を示す。 Table 1 shows Examples 1 to 5 of the present invention, and Table 2 shows Examples 6 to 8 and Comparative Examples.
まず、表1、2の組成となるように、ガラス原料を調合し、表に示す溶融温度で20時間熔融した後、板状に成形して結晶性ガラスを作製した。尚、実施例1では、Na2O及びK2Oの原料として硝酸ナトリウム及び硝酸カリウムを使用し、実施例2〜8では、BaOの原料として硝酸バリウムを使用した。また、比較例のNa2O及びK2Oの原料としてそれぞれ炭酸ソーダ及び炭酸カリウムを用いた。 First, glass raw materials were prepared so as to have the compositions shown in Tables 1 and 2, melted at a melting temperature shown in the table for 20 hours, and then formed into a plate to produce a crystalline glass. In Example 1, sodium nitrate and potassium nitrate were used as raw materials for Na 2 O and K 2 O, and in Examples 2 to 8, barium nitrate was used as a raw material for BaO. In addition, sodium carbonate and potassium carbonate were used as raw materials of Na 2 O and K 2 O of the comparative example, respectively.
次に、この結晶性ガラスを、表に示す焼成条件で結晶化を行い、実施例1〜8及び比較例の有色低膨張結晶化ガラスを作製した。 Next, this crystalline glass was crystallized under the firing conditions shown in the table to produce colored low-expansion crystallized glasses of Examples 1 to 8 and Comparative Examples.
表から明らかなように、実施例1〜8は、Y値(明度)が2.5〜15の間にあり、加熱装置、配線等の調理器の内部構造を隠蔽できるとともに、青色、緑色、赤色の発光ダイオードからの光を十分に透過した。 As is clear from the table, in Examples 1 to 8, the Y value (brightness) is in the range of 2.5 to 15, and can conceal the internal structure of the cooking device such as the heating device and the wiring, and also has blue, green, The light from the red light emitting diode was sufficiently transmitted.
一方、比較例は、Y値(明度)が1.9と低いため、赤色発光ダイオードからの光は不充分ながら確認できたが、青色や緑色の発光ダイオードからの光は、全く透過しなかった。 On the other hand, in the comparative example, since the Y value (brightness) was as low as 1.9, the light from the red light emitting diode could be confirmed although insufficient, but the light from the blue or green light emitting diode did not pass at all. .
尚、結晶性ガラスの全Fe量は、ICP発光分析法によって、Fe2+量は、O−フェナントロリン吸光光度法によって求めた。また、結晶性ガラスの全As量は、ICP発光分析法によって、As3+量は、As3+を硫酸と弗化水素酸で揮発除去し、ICP発光分析法によって測定したAs5+量と、全As量との差を算出して求めた。 The total Fe content of the crystalline glass was determined by ICP emission spectrometry, and the Fe 2+ content was determined by O-phenanthroline absorption spectrophotometry. The total As content of the crystalline glass was determined by ICP emission spectrometry, and the As 3+ content was determined by removing As 3+ by volatilization with sulfuric acid and hydrofluoric acid, and measuring the As 5+ content by ICP emission spectrometry. , And the difference from the total As amount.
また、結晶化ガラスについては、上記のよう全量化学的に溶解して分析すれば、結晶性ガラス時の価数を知ることができる。 Further, as for the crystallized glass, if the total amount is chemically dissolved and analyzed as described above, the valence of the crystalline glass can be known.
Y値(明度)は、肉厚3mmに両面光学研磨した結晶化ガラスからなる板について、分光光度計を用いて測定した波長380〜780nmでの透過率を、CIE(国際照明委員会)のC光源におけるXYZ表示系に換算して求めた。 The Y value (brightness) is obtained by measuring the transmittance at a wavelength of 380 to 780 nm measured using a spectrophotometer with respect to a plate made of crystallized glass that has been optically polished to a thickness of 3 mm on both sides, using CIE (International Commission on Illumination). It was obtained by converting to an XYZ display system in the light source.
熱膨張係数は、ディラトメータ(マックサイエンス社製)を用いて測定した。 The coefficient of thermal expansion was measured using a dilatometer (manufactured by Mac Science).
透過判定は、作製した結晶化ガラスからなるトッププレート(肉厚4mm)を、電磁加熱調理器に実装した後、トッププレートから真上に1m離れたところに36W蛍光灯を設置し、調理器の内部が透けて見えるかどうかを目視で判定し、全く調理器の内部が透けて見えない場合を「○」、調理器の内部が透けて見える場合を「×」とした。 After the top plate (thickness 4 mm) made of crystallized glass was mounted on an electromagnetic heating cooker, a 36 W fluorescent lamp was installed just above the top plate and 1 m away from the top plate. It was visually determined whether or not the inside of the cooking appliance could be seen through. The case where the inside of the cooking appliance could not be seen through at all was rated as “○”, and the case where the inside of the cooking appliance could be seen through was “x”.
発光素子の透過判定は、作製した結晶化ガラスからなるトッププレート(肉厚4mm)の裏面より1cm離れたところに赤色発光ダイオード、緑色発光ダイオード、青色発光ダイオードを設置し、トッププレートの表面側からこれらの発光ダイオードの光が見えるかどうかを目視で判定し、発光ダイオードからの光が充分に透過して見える場合を「○」、発光ダイオードのからの光が少ししかみえない場合を「△」、発光ダイオードからの光が全く見えない場合を「×」とした。 To determine the transmission of the light-emitting element, a red light-emitting diode, a green light-emitting diode, and a blue light-emitting diode were placed at a distance of 1 cm from the back surface of the top plate (thickness: 4 mm) made of crystallized glass. It is visually determined whether or not the light from these light emitting diodes can be seen, and “○” indicates that the light from the light emitting diode is sufficiently transmitted, and “△” indicates that the light from the light emitting diode is only slightly visible. In addition, the case where no light from the light emitting diode was visible was rated as “x”.
以上説明したように、本発明の調理器用トッププレートは、加熱装置、配線等の調理器の内部構造を隠蔽でき、青色、緑色、黄色、赤色等の発光素子からの光を十分に透過し、しかも安価に作製できるため、電磁加熱(IH)調理器やガス調理器などの調理器用トッププレートとして好適である。 As described above, the cooker top plate of the present invention can hide the internal structure of the cooker such as a heating device and wiring, and can sufficiently transmit light from light-emitting elements such as blue, green, yellow, and red, Moreover, since it can be manufactured at low cost, it is suitable as a top plate for cookers such as an electromagnetic heating (IH) cooker and a gas cooker.
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